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<span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Schmidt's_first_converts_(1742)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Schmidt's_first_converts_(1742)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Schmidt's first converts (1742)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Schmidt's_first_converts_(1742)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rekindling_of_the_Mission_(1792)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rekindling_of_the_Mission_(1792)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Rekindling of the Mission (1792)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rekindling_of_the_Mission_(1792)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Genadendal's_Library_(1823)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Genadendal's_Library_(1823)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Genadendal's Library (1823)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Genadendal's_Library_(1823)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Archaeology_at_Genadendal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Archaeology_at_Genadendal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Archaeology at Genadendal</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Archaeology_at_Genadendal-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Archaeology at Genadendal subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Archaeology_at_Genadendal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Genadendal_Archaeology_Project_(1999)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Genadendal_Archaeology_Project_(1999)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Genadendal Archaeology Project (1999)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Genadendal_Archaeology_Project_(1999)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Genadendal_Residence" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Genadendal_Residence"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Genadendal Residence</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Genadendal_Residence-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Books_about_Genadendal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Books_about_Genadendal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Books about Genadendal</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Books_about_Genadendal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Genadendal</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 13 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-13" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">13 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genadendal" title="Genadendal – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Genadendal" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genadendal" title="Genadendal – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Genadendal" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genadendal" title="Genadendal – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Genadendal" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genadendal" title="Genadendal – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Genadendal" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genadendal" title="Genadendal – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Genadendal" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BD%D5%A5%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%A4%D5%A5%D5%B6%D5%A4%D5%A1%D5%AC" title="Խենադենդալ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Խենադենդալ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/IGenadendal" title="IGenadendal – Zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="IGenadendal" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genadendal" title="Genadendal – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Genadendal" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genadendal" title="Genadendal – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Genadendal" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genadendal" title="Genadendal – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Genadendal" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genadendal" title="Genadendal – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Genadendal" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Хенадендал – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Хенадендал" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso mw-list-item"><a href="https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genadendal" title="Genadendal – Northern Sotho" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" data-title="Genadendal" data-language-autonym="Sesotho sa Leboa" data-language-local-name="Northern Sotho" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho sa Leboa</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Genadendal&params=34_02_S_19_33_E_region:ZA_type:city(5663)"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">34°02′S</span> <span class="longitude">19°33′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">34.033°S 19.550°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-34.033; 19.550</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the town in Western Cape. For the official residence of the President of South Africa, see <a href="/wiki/Genadendal_Residence" title="Genadendal Residence">Genadendal Residence</a>.</div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Place in Western Cape, South Africa</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Genadendal</div></th></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tnone center"><div class="multiimageinner" style="width:272px;max-width:272px;border:none"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:270px;max-width:270px"><div style="height:201px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Genadendal_Village_07.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Genadendal_Village_07.JPG/268px-Genadendal_Village_07.JPG" decoding="async" width="268" height="201" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Genadendal_Village_07.JPG/402px-Genadendal_Village_07.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Genadendal_Village_07.JPG/536px-Genadendal_Village_07.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:134px;max-width:134px"><div style="height:88px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Old_bridge_Genadendal_over_the_Sonderend_Rivier.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Old_bridge_Genadendal_over_the_Sonderend_Rivier.JPG/132px-Old_bridge_Genadendal_over_the_Sonderend_Rivier.JPG" decoding="async" width="132" height="88" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Old_bridge_Genadendal_over_the_Sonderend_Rivier.JPG/198px-Old_bridge_Genadendal_over_the_Sonderend_Rivier.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Old_bridge_Genadendal_over_the_Sonderend_Rivier.JPG/264px-Old_bridge_Genadendal_over_the_Sonderend_Rivier.JPG 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:134px;max-width:134px"><div style="height:88px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Genadendal_Mission_Museum.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Genadendal_Mission_Museum.JPG/132px-Genadendal_Mission_Museum.JPG" decoding="async" width="132" height="88" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Genadendal_Mission_Museum.JPG/198px-Genadendal_Mission_Museum.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Genadendal_Mission_Museum.JPG/264px-Genadendal_Mission_Museum.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3872" data-file-height="2592" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:184px;max-width:184px"><div style="height:122px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Genadendal_Mission_building_3.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Genadendal_Mission_building_3.JPG/182px-Genadendal_Mission_building_3.JPG" decoding="async" width="182" height="122" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Genadendal_Mission_building_3.JPG/273px-Genadendal_Mission_building_3.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Genadendal_Mission_building_3.JPG/364px-Genadendal_Mission_building_3.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3872" data-file-height="2592" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:84px;max-width:84px"><div style="height:122px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Genadendal_Mission_tower.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Genadendal_Mission_tower.JPG/82px-Genadendal_Mission_tower.JPG" decoding="async" width="82" height="122" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Genadendal_Mission_tower.JPG/123px-Genadendal_Mission_tower.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Genadendal_Mission_tower.JPG/164px-Genadendal_Mission_tower.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="3872" /></a></span></div></div></div></div></div><div class="ib-settlement-caption"><b>Clockwise from Top</b>: Genadendal Moravian Mission Station, Genadendal Museum, Genadendal Church, Old house in Genadendal, <a href="/wiki/Sonderend_River" title="Sonderend River">Sonderend River</a>.</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="switcher-container"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:South_Africa_Western_Cape_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Genadendal is located in Western Cape"><img alt="Genadendal is located in Western Cape" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/South_Africa_Western_Cape_location_map.svg/250px-South_Africa_Western_Cape_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/South_Africa_Western_Cape_location_map.svg/375px-South_Africa_Western_Cape_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/South_Africa_Western_Cape_location_map.svg/500px-South_Africa_Western_Cape_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1214" data-file-height="972" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:79.642%;left:29.286%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Genadendal"><img alt="Genadendal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Genadendal</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em"></div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Western Cape</span></div></div></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738"><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:South_Africa_adm_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Genadendal is located in South Africa"><img alt="Genadendal is located in South Africa" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/South_Africa_adm_location_map.svg/250px-South_Africa_adm_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="214" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/South_Africa_adm_location_map.svg/375px-South_Africa_adm_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/South_Africa_adm_location_map.svg/500px-South_Africa_adm_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2031" data-file-height="1741" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:91.291%;left:20.64%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Genadendal"><img alt="Genadendal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Genadendal</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em"></div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of South Africa</span></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Genadendal&params=34_02_S_19_33_E_region:ZA_type:city(5663)"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">34°02′S</span> <span class="longitude">19°33′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">34.033°S 19.550°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-34.033; 19.550</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Province</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Western_Cape" title="Western Cape">Western Cape</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">District</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Overberg_District_Municipality" title="Overberg District Municipality">Overberg</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Municipality</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Theewaterskloof_Local_Municipality" title="Theewaterskloof Local Municipality">Theewaterskloof</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Established</th><td class="infobox-data">1738</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded by</th><td class="infobox-data">George Schmidt</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><sup id="cite_ref-census2011_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census2011-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">3.97 km<sup>2</sup> (1.53 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(2011)<sup id="cite_ref-census2011_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census2011-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">5,663</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Density</th><td class="infobox-data">1,400/km<sup>2</sup> (3,700/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Racial makeup (2011)<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><sup id="cite_ref-census2011_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census2011-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Bantu_peoples_of_South_Africa" title="Bantu peoples of South Africa">Black African</a></th><td class="infobox-data">3.1%</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Coloureds" title="Coloureds">Coloured</a></th><td class="infobox-data">94.0%</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Indian_South_African" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian South African">Indian</a>/<a href="/wiki/Asian_South_African" class="mw-redirect" title="Asian South African">Asian</a></th><td class="infobox-data">0.3%</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/White_South_African" class="mw-redirect" title="White South African">White</a></th><td class="infobox-data">0.5%</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Other</th><td class="infobox-data">2.1%</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><a href="/wiki/First_language" title="First language">First languages</a> (2011)<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><sup id="cite_ref-census2011_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census2011-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Afrikaans" title="Afrikaans">Afrikaans</a></th><td class="infobox-data">94.9%</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/South_African_English" title="South African English">English</a></th><td class="infobox-data">3.1%</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Other</th><td class="infobox-data">2.0%</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B2" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+2">UTC+2</a> (<a href="/wiki/South_African_Standard_Time" class="mw-redirect" title="South African Standard Time">SAST</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_postal_codes_in_South_Africa" class="mw-redirect" title="List of postal codes in South Africa">Postal code</a> (street)</th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="postal-code">7234</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Post-office_box" class="mw-redirect" title="Post-office box">PO box</a></th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="postal-code">7234</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Telephone_numbers_in_South_Africa" title="Telephone numbers in South Africa">Area code</a></th><td class="infobox-data">028</td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:George_French_Angas03.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/George_French_Angas03.jpg/220px-George_French_Angas03.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/George_French_Angas03.jpg/330px-George_French_Angas03.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/George_French_Angas03.jpg/440px-George_French_Angas03.jpg 2x" data-file-width="821" data-file-height="583" /></a><figcaption>Genadendal Mission Station (c. 1849) by <a href="/wiki/George_French_Angas" title="George French Angas">George French Angas</a></figcaption></figure> <p><b>Genadendal</b> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="af-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Afrikaans" title="Help:IPA/Afrikaans">[χəˈnɑːdəndal]</a></span> is a town in the <a href="/wiki/Western_Cape" title="Western Cape">Western Cape</a> province of <a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a>, built on the site of the oldest mission station in the country. It was originally known as <b>Baviaanskloof</b>, but was renamed Genadendal in 1806.<sup id="cite_ref-dsapn_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dsapn-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Genadendal was the place of the first Teachers' Training College in South Africa, founded in 1838.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Location">Location</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Genadendal&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Location"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Genadendal (Valley of Grace) is approximately 90 minutes drive east of <a href="/wiki/Cape_Town" title="Cape Town">Cape Town</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Riviersonderend_Mountains" title="Riviersonderend Mountains">Riviersonderend Mountains</a>, in the <a href="/wiki/Overberg" title="Overberg">Overberg</a> region.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Genadendal&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Genadendal" title="Special:EditPage/Genadendal">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">February 2013</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Genadendal has a rich spiritual history and was the first mission station in southern Africa. It was founded by George Schmidt, a German missionary of the <a href="/wiki/Moravian_Church" title="Moravian Church">Moravian Church</a>, who settled on 23 April 1738 in Baviaanskloof (Ravine of the Baboons) in the Riviersonderend Valley and began to evangelise among the <a href="/wiki/Khoi" class="mw-redirect" title="Khoi">Khoi</a> people.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Moravian_Church" title="Moravian Church">Moravian Church</a> (originated in 1457 in <a href="/wiki/Moravia" title="Moravia">Moravia</a>, today part of the <a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a>) had a particular zeal for mission work.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many thought that mission work among the <a href="/wiki/Khoisan" title="Khoisan">Khoisan</a> was attempting the impossible, but in spite of this Schmidt prevailed. He became acquainted with an impoverished and dispersed Khoi people who were practically on the threshold of complete extinction. Apart from the few Kraals, which still remained, there were already thirteen farms in the vicinity of Baviaanskloof. Within a short while Schmidt formed a small <a href="/wiki/Christians" title="Christians">Christian</a> congregation. He taught the Khoi to read and write, but when he began to <a href="/wiki/Baptise" class="mw-redirect" title="Baptise">baptise</a> his converts there was great dissatisfaction among the Cape <a href="/wiki/Dutch_Reformed_Church" title="Dutch Reformed Church">Dutch Reformed Church</a> clergy. According to them, Schmidt was not an ordained minister and as such, was not permitted to administer the sacraments. Consequently, he had to abandon his work, and in 1744, after seven years at Baviaanskloof, he left the country.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Schmidt's_first_converts_(1742)"><span id="Schmidt.27s_first_converts_.281742.29"></span>Schmidt's first converts (1742)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Genadendal&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Schmidt's first converts (1742)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A letter from Count <a href="/wiki/Nicolaus_Zinzendorf" title="Nicolaus Zinzendorf">Nicolaus Zinzendorf</a> (who was a Moravian bishop) had arrived giving him permission to baptise his followers.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first to be baptised were: Africo who was baptised as Christian, Wilhelm baptised as Josua, Vehettge baptised as Magdalena (Lena), Kyboddo baptised as Jonas and Christina, who was the sister of Moses.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rekindling_of_the_Mission_(1792)"><span id="Rekindling_of_the_Mission_.281792.29"></span>Rekindling of the Mission (1792)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Genadendal&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Rekindling of the Mission (1792)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On Christmas Eve in 1792, Christian Kühnel, Daniel Schwinn and Henrik Marsveld, three Moravian missionaries, arrived at Baviaanskloof and were shown the ruins of Schmidt's house and the hamlet in which no one lived anymore.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The missionaries found Mother/Moeder (Magda) Lena, one of Schmidt's first converts on a farm near Sergeants River. She played a role in keeping the faith alive by reading from the New Testament Bible that had been given to her by Schmidt. These meetings would take place under the pear tree that Schmidt had planted in Baviaanskloof.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After finding Lena at Sergeants River, the missionaries held their first service under the same tree. The three missionaries quickly settled in and built a house that would adequately suit their needs.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some of the materials being taken from Schmidt's house.<sup id="cite_ref-The_Genadendal_Diaries:_Diaries_of_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_Genadendal_Diaries:_Diaries_of-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Thus, Baviaanskloof as a settlement had begun again.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Importantly though, they were not able to put up a church as they did not have the required permit from the Dutch East India Company (VOC), and it did not seem that they would be granted one anytime soon.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the first British occupation at the Cape (1795-1803) the missionaries were permitted to build more buildings.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first building to be built was a place to worship, and the chapel was consecrated in 1796, but it soon became apparent that the chapel was too small for the congregation. According to Krüger (p. 77): “The foundation was made of stone, the walls of clay, the roof of straw, the floor was smeared with cow-dung.” In March 1797 they built a forge, and soon one of the missionaries, Kühnel, who was a knife maker (cutler), began using the forge to make Hernnhut knives. These knives put Baviaanskloof on the map as a source of quality knives within the colony.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The hamlet that once was had begun to flourish again. Between 1796 and 1797 the Moravian community had built a chapel, a forge, and their mill – the mill being crucial because it meant that they no longer had to go to surrounding farms to use a mill.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There were many similarities between the new settlement and the settlement of Schmidt’s time. In those years, gardens were keenly tended and used to provide food. There were many homes built of clay, Krüger (p. 80) writes: “Every inhabitant had a vegetable garden adjoining his dwelling. The houses in the village were built of clay, some still in the shape of a bee-hive (matjieshuis) with an opening on the top for smoke, while others were square with a thatched roof. The interior was mostly unfurnished, with a kettle on the fire and hides for the night.” Lena had passed away only five days before the new church had been consecrated. This signalled the passing of the last known connection with the original settlement that Schmidt alongside her and others had started. And in 1806 in the midst of the second British occupation becoming permanent, Baviaanskloof was renamed Genadendal (Valley of Grace) by the missionaries.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Genadendal's_Library_(1823)"><span id="Genadendal.27s_Library_.281823.29"></span>Genadendal's Library (1823)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Genadendal&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Genadendal's Library (1823)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1823, Genadendal had its own library where the villagers could borrow books or sit and read in the reading room.<sup id="cite_ref-University_of_KwaZulu-Natal_Press_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-University_of_KwaZulu-Natal_Press-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There were books available in English, Dutch and German. The library became known for its bustling activity, as books were circulating so fast that demand was more than supply.<sup id="cite_ref-University_of_KwaZulu-Natal_Press_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-University_of_KwaZulu-Natal_Press-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The increased interaction with literature also helped politicise some villagers, aiding them in the raising of their political consciousness.<sup id="cite_ref-University_of_KwaZulu-Natal_Press_23-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-University_of_KwaZulu-Natal_Press-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Archaeology_at_Genadendal">Archaeology at Genadendal</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Genadendal&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Archaeology at Genadendal"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Archaeological excavations at Genadendal focused on different locations. Excavations were carried out at three shelters and at the mission station.<sup id="cite_ref-Clift_2001_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Clift_2001-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The shelters revealed <a href="/wiki/Middle_Stone_Age" title="Middle Stone Age">Middle Stone Age</a> flakes, pieces of indigenous pottery, stone tools but also contemporary glass, likely from windows and bottles.<sup id="cite_ref-Clift_2001_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Clift_2001-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The area in the village where the excavation took place was roughly the area where Schmidt's house was said to have been, along with two other sites: Kühnel house and a cottage.<sup id="cite_ref-Clift_2001_24-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Clift_2001-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Interestingly, there was not a lot of evidence of activity on the surface level, despite the centuries of human habitation.<sup id="cite_ref-Clift_2001_24-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Clift_2001-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the missionaries diaries, they mentioned that they took materials from Schmidt’s structure and incorporated it into their own house that they built.<sup id="cite_ref-Clift_2001_24-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Clift_2001-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-The_Genadendal_Diaries:_Diaries_of_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_Genadendal_Diaries:_Diaries_of-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It was discovered that most of the ceramics found were made in the mid to late 19th century, with no real trace (except for the physical buildings) of the 18th century mission station.<sup id="cite_ref-Clift_2001_24-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Clift_2001-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There were some traces of 18th century ceramics.<sup id="cite_ref-Clift_2001_24-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Clift_2001-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Clift (p. 82) explains that this could be the sparse nature of goods in an 18th century mission in the frontier.<sup id="cite_ref-Clift_2001_24-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Clift_2001-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With regards to Schmidt’s house, there was no evidence to show the exact location of where it was, from where the excavation took place.<sup id="cite_ref-Clift_2001_24-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Clift_2001-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Genadendal_Archaeology_Project_(1999)"><span id="Genadendal_Archaeology_Project_.281999.29"></span>Genadendal Archaeology Project (1999)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Genadendal&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Genadendal Archaeology Project (1999)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Genadendal Archaeology Project was an educational project in which the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Cape_Town" title="University of Cape Town">University of Cape Town</a>'s archaeological department's education outreach, known as the Research Unit for the Archaeology of Cape Town (RESUNACT) worked together with the Genadendal Mission Museum, Emil Weder High School and Swartberg Secondary School.<sup id="cite_ref-Clift_2001_24-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Clift_2001-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Emil Weder High School is in Genadendal and Swartberg Secondary School is in Caledon. The aim of the project was to bring to the students resources that will help them not only understand the history of Genadendal but also to equip them with tools to research historical topics.<sup id="cite_ref-Clift_2001_24-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Clift_2001-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An additional aim was also to provide educational material for the teachers and the Genadendal Mission Museum. The project was able to introduce teachers and students to the tools and techniques of archaeology, and provide a foundation, alongside support material, for students interested in exploring the history of Genadendal and surrounding areas.<sup id="cite_ref-Clift_2001_24-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Clift_2001-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The students did excavations at Kühnel house, learnt to survey one of the old cottages on Berg Street and explored the Khoi history and origins of the region.<sup id="cite_ref-Clift_2001_24-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Clift_2001-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Their work culminated in an exhibition, where they could display the knowledge they had gained, and introduce others to what the project was about.<sup id="cite_ref-Clift_2001_24-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Clift_2001-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Genadendal_Residence">Genadendal Residence</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Genadendal&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Genadendal Residence"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Genadendal_Residence" title="Genadendal Residence">Genadendal Residence</a>, the official <a href="/wiki/Cape_Town" title="Cape Town">Cape Town</a> residence of the <a href="/wiki/President_of_South_Africa" title="President of South Africa">President of South Africa</a>, is named after the town.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Books_about_Genadendal">Books about Genadendal</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Genadendal&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Books about Genadendal"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Bernhard Krüger (1966), "The Pear Tree Blossoms: The History of the Moravian Church in South Africa 1737-1869."</li> <li>Isaac Balie (1988), "Die Geskiedenis van Genadendal,1738-1988."</li> <li>Isaac Balie (1987), "Genadendal Historical Outline."</li> <li>Isaac Balie (1992), "Genadendal: Its Golden Age, 1806-1870."</li> <li>Georg Schmidt et al (1981), "Das Tagebuch und die Briefe von Georg Schmidt, dem ersten Misionar in Südafrika (1737-1744)."</li> <li>Val Nowlan (2015), "Valley of Grace."</li> <li>Hendrik Marsveld et al (1999), "The Genadendal Diaries: Diaries of the Herrnhut Missionaries, H.Marsveld, D.Schwinn, and J.C.Kühnel."</li> <li>J. de Boer & E.M. Temmers (1987),"Unitas Fratrum: Two Hundred Years of Missionary and Pastoral Service in Southern Africa (Western Region)."</li> <li>Russel Viljoen (1992), "Moravian Missionaries, Khoikhoi labour and the Overberg Colonists at the end of the VOC era, 1792-1796."</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Genadendal&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-census2011-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-census2011_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-census2011_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-census2011_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-census2011_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://census2011.adrianfrith.com/place/171004">"Main Place Genadendal"</a>. <i>Census 2011</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Census+2011&rft.atitle=Main+Place+Genadendal&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcensus2011.adrianfrith.com%2Fplace%2F171004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGenadendal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-dsapn-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-dsapn_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/DictionaryOfSouthernAfricanPlaceNames">"Dictionary of Southern African Place Names (Public Domain)"</a>. Human Science Research Council. p. 71.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dictionary+of+Southern+African+Place+Names+%28Public+Domain%29&rft.pages=71&rft.pub=Human+Science+Research+Council&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2FDictionaryOfSouthernAfricanPlaceNames&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGenadendal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBalie1988" class="citation book cs1">Balie, Isaac (1988). <i>Die Geskiedenis van Genadendal, 1738-1988</i>. Kaapstad: Perskor.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Die+Geskiedenis+van+Genadendal%2C+1738-1988&rft.place=Kaapstad&rft.pub=Perskor&rft.date=1988&rft.aulast=Balie&rft.aufirst=Isaac&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGenadendal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBalie1988" class="citation book cs1">Balie, Isaac (1988). <i>Die Geskiedenis van Genadendal, 1738-1988</i>. Kaapstad: Perskor.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Die+Geskiedenis+van+Genadendal%2C+1738-1988&rft.place=Kaapstad&rft.pub=Perskor&rft.date=1988&rft.aulast=Balie&rft.aufirst=Isaac&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGenadendal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFde_Waal1995" class="citation thesis cs1">de Waal, Jan (1995). <i>Emil Weder High School in Genadendal: A Case Study in the Concept of Effective Schooling</i> (Thesis). University of Cape Town.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adissertation&rft.title=Emil+Weder+High+School+in+Genadendal%3A+A+Case+Study+in+the+Concept+of+Effective+Schooling&rft.inst=University+of+Cape+Town&rft.date=1995&rft.aulast=de+Waal&rft.aufirst=Jan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGenadendal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.twk.org.za/genadendal">"Genadendal"</a>. <i>Theewaterskloof Municipality</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 July</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Theewaterskloof+Municipality&rft.atitle=Genadendal&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.twk.org.za%2Fgenadendal&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGenadendal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKrüger1966" class="citation book cs1">Krüger, Bernhard (1966). <i>The Pear Tree Blossoms: The History of the Moravian Church in South Africa 1737-1869</i>. Genadendal: The Moravian Book Depot.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Pear+Tree+Blossoms%3A+The+History+of+the+Moravian+Church+in+South+Africa+1737-1869&rft.place=Genadendal&rft.pub=The+Moravian+Book+Depot&rft.date=1966&rft.aulast=Kr%C3%BCger&rft.aufirst=Bernhard&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGenadendal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBredekamp1997" class="citation journal cs1">Bredekamp, H.C.J (1997). "Construction and Collapse of a Herrnhut Mission Community at the Cape, 1737-1743". <i>Kronos</i> (24): 46–61.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Kronos&rft.atitle=Construction+and+Collapse+of+a+Herrnhut+Mission+Community+at+the+Cape%2C+1737-1743&rft.issue=24&rft.pages=46-61&rft.date=1997&rft.aulast=Bredekamp&rft.aufirst=H.C.J&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGenadendal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChristensen2017" class="citation journal cs1">Christensen, Carsten Sander (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://st-hum.ru/en/node/558">"The History of the Moravian Church Rooting in Unitas Fratrum or the Unity of the Brethren (1457-2017) Based on the Description of the Two Settlements of Christiansfeld and Sarepta"</a>. <i>Studia Humanitatis</i>. <b>3</b><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 July</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Studia+Humanitatis&rft.atitle=The+History+of+the+Moravian+Church+Rooting+in+Unitas+Fratrum+or+the+Unity+of+the+Brethren+%281457-2017%29+Based+on+the+Description+of+the+Two+Settlements+of+Christiansfeld+and+Sarepta.&rft.volume=3&rft.date=2017&rft.aulast=Christensen&rft.aufirst=Carsten+Sander&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fst-hum.ru%2Fen%2Fnode%2F558&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGenadendal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKrüger1966" class="citation book cs1">Krüger, Bernhard (1966). <i>The Pear Tree Blossoms: The History of the Moravian Church in South Africa 1737-1869</i>. Genadendal: The Moravian Book Depot.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Pear+Tree+Blossoms%3A+The+History+of+the+Moravian+Church+in+South+Africa+1737-1869&rft.place=Genadendal&rft.pub=The+Moravian+Book+Depot&rft.date=1966&rft.aulast=Kr%C3%BCger&rft.aufirst=Bernhard&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGenadendal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKrüger1966" class="citation book cs1">Krüger, Bernhard (1966). <i>The Pear Tree Blossoms: The History of the Moravian Church in South Africa 1737-1869</i>. Genadendal: The Moravian Book Depot.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Pear+Tree+Blossoms%3A+The+History+of+the+Moravian+Church+in+South+Africa+1737-1869&rft.place=Genadendal&rft.pub=The+Moravian+Book+Depot&rft.date=1966&rft.aulast=Kr%C3%BCger&rft.aufirst=Bernhard&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGenadendal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKrüger1966" class="citation book cs1">Krüger, Bernhard (1966). <i>The Pear Tree Blossoms: The History of the Moravian Church in South Africa 1737-1869</i>. Genadendal: The Moravian Book Depot.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Pear+Tree+Blossoms%3A+The+History+of+the+Moravian+Church+in+South+Africa+1737-1869&rft.place=Genadendal&rft.pub=The+Moravian+Book+Depot&rft.date=1966&rft.aulast=Kr%C3%BCger&rft.aufirst=Bernhard&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGenadendal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKrüger1966" class="citation book cs1">Krüger, Bernhard (1966). <i>The Pear Tree Blossoms: The History of the Moravian Church in South Africa 1737-1869</i>. Genadendal: The Moravian Book Depot.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Pear+Tree+Blossoms%3A+The+History+of+the+Moravian+Church+in+South+Africa+1737-1869&rft.place=Genadendal&rft.pub=The+Moravian+Book+Depot&rft.date=1966&rft.aulast=Kr%C3%BCger&rft.aufirst=Bernhard&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGenadendal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKrüger1966" class="citation book cs1">Krüger, Bernhard (1966). <i>The Pear Tree Blossoms: The History of the Moravian Church in South Africa 1737-1869</i>. Genadendal: The Moravian Book Depot.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Pear+Tree+Blossoms%3A+The+History+of+the+Moravian+Church+in+South+Africa+1737-1869&rft.place=Genadendal&rft.pub=The+Moravian+Book+Depot&rft.date=1966&rft.aulast=Kr%C3%BCger&rft.aufirst=Bernhard&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGenadendal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBalie1988" class="citation book cs1">Balie, Isaac (1988). <i>Die Geskiedenis van Genadendal, 1738-1988</i>. Kaapstad: Perskor.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Die+Geskiedenis+van+Genadendal%2C+1738-1988&rft.place=Kaapstad&rft.pub=Perskor&rft.date=1988&rft.aulast=Balie&rft.aufirst=Isaac&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGenadendal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-The_Genadendal_Diaries:_Diaries_of-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-The_Genadendal_Diaries:_Diaries_of_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-The_Genadendal_Diaries:_Diaries_of_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarsveldSchwinnKühnelBredekamp1992" class="citation book cs1">Marsveld, Hendrik; Schwinn, Daniel; Kühnel, Johan Christian; Bredekamp, H.C.; Plüddeman, H.E.F. (1992). <i>The Genadendal Diaries: Diaries of Herrnhut Missionaries, H.Marsveld, D.Schwinn and J.C. Kühnel</i>. Bellville: University of Western Cape, Institute for Historical Research.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Genadendal+Diaries%3A+Diaries+of+Herrnhut+Missionaries%2C+H.Marsveld%2C+D.Schwinn+and+J.C.+K%C3%BChnel&rft.place=Bellville&rft.pub=University+of+Western+Cape%2C+Institute+for+Historical+Research&rft.date=1992&rft.aulast=Marsveld&rft.aufirst=Hendrik&rft.au=Schwinn%2C+Daniel&rft.au=K%C3%BChnel%2C+Johan+Christian&rft.au=Bredekamp%2C+H.C.&rft.au=Pl%C3%BCddeman%2C+H.E.F.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGenadendal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKrüger1966" class="citation book cs1">Krüger, Bernhard (1966). <i>The Pear Tree Blossoms: The History of the Moravian Church in South Africa 1737-1869</i>. Genadendal: The Moravian Book Depot.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Pear+Tree+Blossoms%3A+The+History+of+the+Moravian+Church+in+South+Africa+1737-1869&rft.place=Genadendal&rft.pub=The+Moravian+Book+Depot&rft.date=1966&rft.aulast=Kr%C3%BCger&rft.aufirst=Bernhard&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGenadendal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBalie1988" class="citation book cs1">Balie, Isaac (1988). <i>Die Geskiedenis van Genadendal, 1738-1988</i>. Kaapstad: Perskor.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Die+Geskiedenis+van+Genadendal%2C+1738-1988&rft.place=Kaapstad&rft.pub=Perskor&rft.date=1988&rft.aulast=Balie&rft.aufirst=Isaac&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGenadendal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKrüger1966" class="citation book cs1">Krüger, Bernhard (1966). <i>The Pear Tree Blossoms: The History of the Moravian Church in South Africa 1737-1869</i>. Genadendal: The Moravian Book Depot.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Pear+Tree+Blossoms%3A+The+History+of+the+Moravian+Church+in+South+Africa+1737-1869&rft.place=Genadendal&rft.pub=The+Moravian+Book+Depot&rft.date=1966&rft.aulast=Kr%C3%BCger&rft.aufirst=Bernhard&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGenadendal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBalie1988" class="citation book cs1">Balie, Isaac (1988). <i>Die Geskiedenis van Genadendal, 1738-1988</i>. Kaapstad: Perskor.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Die+Geskiedenis+van+Genadendal%2C+1738-1988&rft.place=Kaapstad&rft.pub=Perskor&rft.date=1988&rft.aulast=Balie&rft.aufirst=Isaac&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGenadendal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKrüger1966" class="citation book cs1">Krüger, Bernhard (1966). <i>The Pear Tree Blossoms: The History of the Moravian Church in South Africa 1737-1869</i>. Genadendal: The Moravian Book Depot.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Pear+Tree+Blossoms%3A+The+History+of+the+Moravian+Church+in+South+Africa+1737-1869&rft.place=Genadendal&rft.pub=The+Moravian+Book+Depot&rft.date=1966&rft.aulast=Kr%C3%BCger&rft.aufirst=Bernhard&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGenadendal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKrüger1966" class="citation book cs1">Krüger, Bernhard (1966). <i>The Pear Tree Blossoms: The History of the Moravian Church in South Africa 1737-1869</i>. Genadendal: The Moravian Book Depot.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Pear+Tree+Blossoms%3A+The+History+of+the+Moravian+Church+in+South+Africa+1737-1869&rft.place=Genadendal&rft.pub=The+Moravian+Book+Depot&rft.date=1966&rft.aulast=Kr%C3%BCger&rft.aufirst=Bernhard&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGenadendal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-University_of_KwaZulu-Natal_Press-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-University_of_KwaZulu-Natal_Press_23-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-University_of_KwaZulu-Natal_Press_23-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-University_of_KwaZulu-Natal_Press_23-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDick2013" class="citation book cs1">Dick, Archie (2013). <i>The Hidden History of South Africa's Book and Reading Cultures</i>. Pietermaritzburg: University of KwaZulu-Natal Press. p. 47.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Hidden+History+of+South+Africa%27s+Book+and+Reading+Cultures&rft.place=Pietermaritzburg&rft.pages=47&rft.pub=University+of+KwaZulu-Natal+Press&rft.date=2013&rft.aulast=Dick&rft.aufirst=Archie&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGenadendal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Clift_2001-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Clift_2001_24-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Clift_2001_24-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Clift_2001_24-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Clift_2001_24-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Clift_2001_24-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Clift_2001_24-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Clift_2001_24-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Clift_2001_24-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Clift_2001_24-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Clift_2001_24-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Clift_2001_24-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Clift_2001_24-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Clift_2001_24-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Clift_2001_24-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFClift2001" class="citation thesis cs1">Clift, Harriet (2001). <i>A Sortie into the Archaeology of a Moravian Mission Station, Genadendal</i> (Thesis). University of Cape Town.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adissertation&rft.title=A+Sortie+into+the+Archaeology+of+a+Moravian+Mission+Station%2C+Genadendal&rft.inst=University+of+Cape+Town&rft.date=2001&rft.aulast=Clift&rft.aufirst=Harriet&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGenadendal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWeber2013" class="citation news cs1">Weber, Rebecca (11 December 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/world/2013/12/11/mandela-south-africa-genadendal/3986075/">"Revisiting Nelson Mandela's Genadendal"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/USA_Today" title="USA Today">USA Today</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 December</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=USA+Today&rft.atitle=Revisiting+Nelson+Mandela%27s+Genadendal&rft.date=2013-12-11&rft.aulast=Weber&rft.aufirst=Rebecca&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usatoday.com%2Fstory%2Fnews%2Fworld%2F2013%2F12%2F11%2Fmandela-south-africa-genadendal%2F3986075%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGenadendal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Genadendal&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060819101619/http://www.museums.org.za/genadendal/">Genadendal</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.genadendal.info/">Genadendal website</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sahris.sahra.org.za/sites/920150010">Site by Genadendal Mission Complex</a>, at <a href="/wiki/SAHRA" class="mw-redirect" title="SAHRA">SAHRA</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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.navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Municipalities_and_communities_of_Overberg_District_Municipality,_Western_Cape" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar 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class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arniston,_South_Africa" title="Arniston, South Africa">Arniston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bredasdorp" title="Bredasdorp">Bredasdorp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elim,_Western_Cape" title="Elim, Western Cape">Elim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hotagterklip" title="Hotagterklip">Hotagterklip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klipdale" title="Klipdale">Klipdale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%27Agulhas" title="L'Agulhas">L'Agulhas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Napier,_South_Africa" title="Napier, South Africa">Napier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protem,_South_Africa" title="Protem, South Africa">Protem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skipskop" title="Skipskop">Skipskop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Struisbaai" title="Struisbaai">Struisbaai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suiderstrand" title="Suiderstrand">Suiderstrand</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Map_of_South_Africa_with_Overberg_highlighted_(2011).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Overberg District within South Africa"><img alt="Overberg District within South Africa" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Map_of_South_Africa_with_Overberg_highlighted_%282011%29.svg/150px-Map_of_South_Africa_with_Overberg_highlighted_%282011%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Map_of_South_Africa_with_Overberg_highlighted_%282011%29.svg/225px-Map_of_South_Africa_with_Overberg_highlighted_%282011%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Map_of_South_Africa_with_Overberg_highlighted_%282011%29.svg/300px-Map_of_South_Africa_with_Overberg_highlighted_%282011%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="809" data-file-height="709" /></a><figcaption>Overberg District within South Africa</figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Overstrand_Local_Municipality" title="Overstrand Local Municipality">Overstrand</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baardskeerdersbos" title="Baardskeerdersbos">Baardskeerdersbos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Betty%27s_Bay" title="Betty's Bay">Betty's Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birkenhead,_South_Africa" title="Birkenhead, South Africa">Birkenhead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/De_Kelders" title="De Kelders">De Kelders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fisherhaven" title="Fisherhaven">Fisherhaven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franskraalstrand" title="Franskraalstrand">Franskraalstrand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gansbaai" title="Gansbaai">Gansbaai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hawston" title="Hawston">Hawston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermanus" title="Hermanus">Hermanus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kleinbaai" title="Kleinbaai">Kleinbaai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kleinmond" title="Kleinmond">Kleinmond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onrusrivier" title="Onrusrivier">Onrusrivier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papiesvlei" title="Papiesvlei">Papiesvlei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pearly_Beach" title="Pearly Beach">Pearly Beach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pringle_Bay" title="Pringle Bay">Pringle Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rooiels,_South_Africa" title="Rooiels, South Africa">Rooiels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandbaai" title="Sandbaai">Sandbaai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanford,_South_Africa" title="Stanford, South Africa">Stanford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uilenkraalsmond" title="Uilenkraalsmond">Uilenkraalsmond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Van_Dyks_Bay" title="Van Dyks Bay">Van Dyks Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vermont,_South_Africa" title="Vermont, South Africa">Vermont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolvengat" title="Wolvengat">Wolvengat</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Swellendam_Local_Municipality" title="Swellendam Local Municipality">Swellendam</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barrydale" title="Barrydale">Barrydale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buffeljagsrivier" title="Buffeljagsrivier">Buffeljagsrivier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infanta,_South_Africa" title="Infanta, South Africa">Infanta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malgas" title="Malgas">Malgas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stormsvlei" title="Stormsvlei">Stormsvlei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suurbraak" title="Suurbraak">Suurbraak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swellendam" title="Swellendam">Swellendam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Theewaterskloof_Local_Municipality" title="Theewaterskloof Local Municipality">Theewaterskloof</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Botrivier" title="Botrivier">Botrivier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caledon,_South_Africa" title="Caledon, South Africa">Caledon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dennehof,_South_Africa" title="Dennehof, South Africa">Dennehof</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Genadendal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grabouw" title="Grabouw">Grabouw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greyton" title="Greyton">Greyton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riviersonderend" title="Riviersonderend">Riviersonderend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tesselaarsdal" title="Tesselaarsdal">Tesselaarsdal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villiersdorp" title="Villiersdorp">Villiersdorp</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link 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