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href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Battle_of_Bure&params=50.088759_N_5.259762_E_region:BE_scale:50000_type:event"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">50°05′20″N</span> <span class="longitude">5°15′35″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">50.088759°N 5.259762°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">50.088759; 5.259762</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">World War II battle during the Battle of the Bulge</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r963460841">@media all and (min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .desktop-float-right{box-sizing:border-box;float:right;clear:right}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.vevent .status>p:first-child{margin:0}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1034237262">.mw-parser-output .stack{box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .stack>div{margin:1px;overflow:hidden}@media all and (min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .stack-clear-left{float:left;clear:left}.mw-parser-output .stack-clear-right{float:right;clear:right}.mw-parser-output .stack-left{float:left}.mw-parser-output .stack-right{float:right}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-clear-left{float:left;clear:left;margin-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-clear-right{float:right;clear:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-left{float:left;margin-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-right{float:right;margin-left:1em}}</style><div class="stack mw-stack stack-clear-right"><div><table class="infobox vevent" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th class="summary" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Battle of Bure</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Part of <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Bulge" title="Battle of the Bulge">Battle of the Bulge</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;line-height:1.5em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:6th_Airborne_Division_sniper.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/6th_Airborne_Division_sniper.jpg/300px-6th_Airborne_Division_sniper.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="296" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/6th_Airborne_Division_sniper.jpg/450px-6th_Airborne_Division_sniper.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/6th_Airborne_Division_sniper.jpg/600px-6th_Airborne_Division_sniper.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="789" /></a></span><br />British Airborne <a href="/wiki/Sniper" title="Sniper">Sniper</a> in snow camouflage with <a href="/wiki/Lee%E2%80%93Enfield#Sniper_rifles" title="Lee–Enfield">Lee–Enfield rifle</a> in the Ardennes, 14 January 1945</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><table style="width:100%;margin:0;padding:0;border:0;display:inline-table"><tbody><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Date</th><td>3–5 January 1945</td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Location</th><td><div class="location"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bure,_Belgium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bure, Belgium (page does not exist)">Bure</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rochefort,_Belgium" title="Rochefort, Belgium">Rochefort</a>, and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Grupont,_Belgium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Grupont, Belgium (page does not exist)">Grupont</a> <a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a></div><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Battle_of_Bure&params=50.088759_N_5.259762_E_region:BE_scale:50000_type:event"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">50°05′20″N</span> <span class="longitude">5°15′35″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">50.088759°N 5.259762°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">50.088759; 5.259762</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Result</th><td class="status"> Allied victory</td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Belligerents</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <span data-sort-value="Germany"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Germany</a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Commanders and leaders</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom"><img alt="United Kingdom" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Nigel_Poett" title="Nigel Poett">Nigel Poett</a></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany"><img alt="Nazi Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> Unknown</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Units involved</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom"><img alt="United Kingdom" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/5th_Parachute_Brigade_(United_Kingdom)" title="5th Parachute Brigade (United Kingdom)">5th Para Brigade</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium"><img alt="Belgium" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/5th_Special_Air_Service" title="5th Special Air Service">5th SAS</a></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany"><img alt="Nazi Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> Elements of <a href="/wiki/2nd_Panzer_Division" class="mw-redirect" title="2nd Panzer Division">2nd Panzer Division</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Casualties and losses</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> Roughly 250 combined killed and/or wounded<br />16 tanks damaged or destroyed<sup id="cite_ref-Hastings,_Max_2005_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hastings,_Max_2005-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> Roughly 500 killed and/or wounded<br />11 tanks damaged or destroyed<sup id="cite_ref-Hastings,_Max_2005_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hastings,_Max_2005-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul 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Heartbreak Crossroads">Wahlerscheid</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Initial German assault</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Losheim_Gap" title="Battle of Losheim Gap">Losheim Gap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Clervaux" title="Battle of Clervaux">Clervaux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Lanzerath_Ridge" title="Battle of Lanzerath Ridge">Lanzerath Ridge</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Operation_St%C3%B6sser" title="Operation Stösser">Stösser</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Operation_Greif" title="Operation Greif">Greif</a></i></li></ul> <dl><dt>Allied defense and counteroffensive</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Elsenborn_Ridge" title="Battle of Elsenborn Ridge">Elsenborn Ridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_St._Vith" title="Battle of St. Vith">St. Vith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Bastogne" title="Siege of Bastogne">Bastogne</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bure</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>German counterattack</dt></dl> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Operation_Bodenplatte" title="Operation Bodenplatte">Bodenplatte</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Operation_Northwind_(1944)" title="Operation Northwind (1944)">Nordwind</a></i></li></ul> <dl><dt>Massacres</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Malmedy_massacre" title="Malmedy massacre">Malmedy massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chenogne_massacre" title="Chenogne massacre">Chenogne massacre</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Background</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wehrmacht_forces_for_the_Ardennes_Offensive" title="Wehrmacht forces for the Ardennes Offensive">German forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Bulge_order_of_battle" title="Battle of the Bulge order of battle">Order of battle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><br /><div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="British_airborne_forces_operations_of_the_Second_World_War" style="margin:0;float:right;clear:right;width:25.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;margin-left:1em;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks navbox-vertical mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Campaignbox_British_airborne_forces_operations" title="Template:Campaignbox British airborne forces operations"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Campaignbox_British_airborne_forces_operations" title="Template talk:Campaignbox British airborne forces operations"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox_British_airborne_forces_operations" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox British airborne forces operations"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="British_airborne_forces_operations_of_the_Second_World_War" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span style="line-height:1.6em">British airborne forces operations of the <a href="/wiki/Second_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Second World War"><span class="wrap">Second World War</span></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/1st_Airborne_Division_(United_Kingdom)" title="1st Airborne Division (United Kingdom)">1st Airborne Division</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Biting" title="Operation Biting"><i>Biting</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Freshman" title="Operation Freshman"><i>Freshman</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_airborne_operations_in_North_Africa" title="British airborne operations in North Africa">North Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Turkey_Buzzard" title="Operation Turkey Buzzard"><i>Turkey Buzzard</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Ladbroke" title="Operation Ladbroke"><i>Ladbroke</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Fustian" title="Operation Fustian"><i>Fustian</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Slapstick" title="Operation Slapstick"><i>Slapstick</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Arnhem" title="Battle of Arnhem">Arnhem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Doomsday" title="Operation Doomsday"><i>Doomsday</i></a></li></ul> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/6th_Airborne_Division_(United_Kingdom)" title="6th Airborne Division (United Kingdom)">6th Airborne Division</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Tonga" title="Operation Tonga"><i>Tonga</i></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_the_Caen_canal_and_Orne_river_bridges" title="Capture of the Caen canal and Orne river bridges">Caen canal and Orne river bridges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Merville_Gun_Battery" title="Battle of Merville Gun Battery">Merville Gun Battery</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Mallard" title="Operation Mallard"><i>Mallard</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Br%C3%A9ville" title="Battle of Bréville">Bréville</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Varsity" title="Operation Varsity"><i>Varsity</i></a></li></ul> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/2nd_Parachute_Brigade_(United_Kingdom)" title="2nd Parachute Brigade (United Kingdom)">2nd Parachute Brigade</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Hasty" title="Operation Hasty"><i>Hasty</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2nd_Parachute_Brigade_in_Southern_France" title="2nd Parachute Brigade in Southern France"><i>Rugby</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Manna" title="Operation Manna"><i>Manna</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div> <p>The <b>Battle of Bure</b> was part of the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Bulge" title="Battle of the Bulge">Battle of the Bulge</a>, which lasted from 3 to 5 January 1945 during the final months of the <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">Second World War</a>. The battle was fought as part of the Allied counterattack to force the Germans from ground that they had captured and which had forced the Allies on the defensive. <a href="/wiki/XXX_Corps_(United_Kingdom)" title="XXX Corps (United Kingdom)">XXX Corps</a> with <a href="/wiki/6th_Airborne_Division_(United_Kingdom)" title="6th Airborne Division (United Kingdom)">British 6th Airborne Division</a> attached, was to clear the area east of <a href="/wiki/Dinant" title="Dinant">Dinant</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rochefort,_Belgium" title="Rochefort, Belgium">Rochefort</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Grupont&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Grupont (page does not exist)">Grupont</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bure,_Belgium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bure, Belgium (page does not exist)">Bure</a> in Belgium. Bure was secured after nearly three days of heavy fighting whilst Gupont and Rochefort were both cleared with little resistance and the advance continued. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Bure&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In December 1944, the <a href="/wiki/German_Army_(Wehrmacht)" class="mw-redirect" title="German Army (Wehrmacht)">German armies</a> launched a counter-offensive through the forests of the Ardennes. The plan was to drive across the river <a href="/wiki/Meuse" title="Meuse">Meuse</a> and on to <a href="/wiki/Antwerp" title="Antwerp">Antwerp</a> to split the Allied armies and their lines of communication. As part of the <a href="/wiki/First_Allied_Airborne_Army" title="First Allied Airborne Army">First Allied Airborne Army</a>, 6th Airborne Division was available as part of the strategic reserve for the Allied forces in north-west Europe. The other two divisions available in reserve, the American <a href="/wiki/82nd_Airborne_Division" title="82nd Airborne Division">82nd</a> and <a href="/wiki/101st_Airborne_Division" title="101st Airborne Division">101st Airborne</a>, were already at <a href="/wiki/Rheims" class="mw-redirect" title="Rheims">Rheims</a> in northern <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a>. At the same time the 6th Airborne, rested and re-trained after <a href="/wiki/Operation_Tonga" title="Operation Tonga">Operation Tonga</a> (their success in <a href="/wiki/Normandy_landings" title="Normandy landings">Normandy</a>), was sent from England by sea to Belgium to assist in the defence.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On <a href="/wiki/Christmas_Day" class="mw-redirect" title="Christmas Day">Christmas Day</a> the 6th Airborne Division moved up to take position in front of the spearhead of the German advance. By <a href="/wiki/Boxing_Day" title="Boxing Day">Boxing Day</a> they had reached the defensive line between <a href="/wiki/Dinant" title="Dinant">Dinant</a> and <a href="/wiki/Namur" title="Namur">Namur</a> along the river Meuse.<sup id="cite_ref-saunders279_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-saunders279-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-harc549_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-harc549-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Soon afterwards, XXX corps eliminated the furthest western German penetration and advanced. The <a href="/wiki/3rd_Parachute_Brigade_(United_Kingdom)" title="3rd Parachute Brigade (United Kingdom)">3rd Parachute Brigade</a> were on the left, <a href="/wiki/5th_Parachute_Brigade_(United_Kingdom)" title="5th Parachute Brigade (United Kingdom)">5th Parachute Brigade</a> on the right and the <a href="/wiki/6th_Airlanding_Brigade_(United_Kingdom)" title="6th Airlanding Brigade (United Kingdom)">6th Airlanding Brigade</a> in reserve.<sup id="cite_ref-harc549_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-harc549-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By the time they arrived in position the German advance had faltered.<sup id="cite_ref-saunders279_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-saunders279-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Battle">Battle</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Bure&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Battle"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Just before <a href="/wiki/New_Year%27s_Day" title="New Year's Day">New Year's Day</a> the brigades were ordered to advance against the tip of the German salient. On 2 January 1945, they were to capture the villages of Bure and Grupont supported by the <a href="/wiki/Lend-Lease_Sherman_tanks" title="Lend-Lease Sherman tanks">Sherman tanks</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Fife_and_Forfar_Yeomanry" title="Fife and Forfar Yeomanry">Fife and Forfar Yeomanry</a> detached from the <a href="/wiki/11th_Armoured_Division_(United_Kingdom)" title="11th Armoured Division (United Kingdom)">11th Armoured Division</a>. Once these had been captured, a crossing over the river <a href="/wiki/Lomme_(river)" title="Lomme (river)">Lomme</a> would be seized to halt any German breakthrough and thus put them on the defensive.<sup id="cite_ref-bure_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bure-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The following day the <a href="/wiki/13th_(Lancashire)_Parachute_Battalion" title="13th (Lancashire) Parachute Battalion">13th (Lancashire) Parachute Battalion</a> of the 5th Parachute Brigade left Resteigne on foot and at 13:00 started the attack on Bure. Supported by the tanks, 'A' Company was to secure the village, while 'B' Company secured the high ground and 'C' Company was in reserve. The attack was met immediately with heavy mortar and machine-gun fire, supported by German armour and casualties began to rise in both companies. After being repelled they regrouped and attacked again and this time 'A' Company managed to gain a foothold in the village while 'B' Company reached the high ground by which it was able to enter Bure. At 17:00 'C' Company was sent in to reinforce 'A' and 'B' Companies, who were holding half the village with difficulty but this time they were supported by tank and artillery fire.<sup id="cite_ref-Whiting178_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Whiting178-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wacht_am_Rhein_map.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Wacht_am_Rhein_map.svg/220px-Wacht_am_Rhein_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="355" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Wacht_am_Rhein_map.svg/330px-Wacht_am_Rhein_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Wacht_am_Rhein_map.svg/440px-Wacht_am_Rhein_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="557" data-file-height="900" /></a><figcaption>The positions soon after the German attack had faltered</figcaption></figure> <p>German counter-attacks now began but the battalion was able to form a tight perimeter around half the village and set up strong points in occupied buildings. They carried out fighting patrols and fought off four German counter-attacks with one on 'A' Company which was only defeated when they called down artillery fire on their own positions. In the closeness of the fighting, the paratroopers used their <a href="/wiki/Fairbairn%E2%80%93Sykes_fighting_knife" title="Fairbairn–Sykes fighting knife">fighting knives</a> to avoid giving away their locations and casualties could not be evacuated nor could supplies be brought forward.<sup id="cite_ref-bure_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bure-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Whiting178_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Whiting178-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 4 January the battalion was subjected to a continuous artillery bombardment and fought off another five German counter-attacks, knocking out tanks with their <a href="/wiki/PIAT" title="PIAT">PIAT</a>S. At one stage in the battle an ambulance got into Bure from which stepped a <a href="/wiki/Sergeant" title="Sergeant">Sergeant</a> of the <a href="/wiki/225th_(Parachute)_Field_Ambulance" title="225th (Parachute) Field Ambulance">225th (Parachute) Field Ambulance</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Regimental_Aid_Post" title="Regimental Aid Post">Regimental Aid Post</a> accompanied by a <a href="/wiki/Military_Chaplain" class="mw-redirect" title="Military Chaplain">padre</a>. It stopped a few yards from a German <a href="/wiki/Tiger_I" title="Tiger I">Tiger tank</a> which had moved up to it, almost pointing its gun through the driver's window, when a German officer appeared who agreed in perfect English that the wounded could be collected but the ambulance was not to return.<sup id="cite_ref-Whiting178_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Whiting178-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By now the town of Bure was nearly a heap of rubble but the Germans clung to the houses and ruins, hid in cellars and catacombs, fighting and sniping to the end. Tiger tanks were still operating in the village which made mopping up extremely difficult. In the evening 'C' Company of the 2nd Battalion, <a href="/wiki/Oxfordshire_and_Buckinghamshire_Light_Infantry" title="Oxfordshire and Buckinghamshire Light Infantry">Oxfordshire and Buckinghamshire Light Infantry</a> from the 6th Airlanding Brigade joined the 13th Parachute Battalion as reinforcements and in the early hours of 5 January, a determined attack by the battalion pushed the bulk of the Germans out of the village, although one Tiger tank remained despite repeated PIAT attacks on it.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By 21:00 the last German outpost was eliminated by 'A' Company and the village was secured, German resistance having ceased. During the same time the <a href="/wiki/7th_(Light_Infantry)_Parachute_Battalion" title="7th (Light Infantry) Parachute Battalion">7th (Light Infantry) Parachute Battalion</a> had captured Grupont with only light resistance and with 5th Parachute Brigade's objectives now taken, the battle came to an end.<sup id="cite_ref-Whiting181_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Whiting181-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Aftermath">Aftermath</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Bure&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Aftermath"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:13th_(Lancashire)_Battalion_memorial_Bure_(Belgium).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/13th_%28Lancashire%29_Battalion_memorial_Bure_%28Belgium%29.jpg/205px-13th_%28Lancashire%29_Battalion_memorial_Bure_%28Belgium%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="205" height="308" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/13th_%28Lancashire%29_Battalion_memorial_Bure_%28Belgium%29.jpg/308px-13th_%28Lancashire%29_Battalion_memorial_Bure_%28Belgium%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/13th_%28Lancashire%29_Battalion_memorial_Bure_%28Belgium%29.jpg/410px-13th_%28Lancashire%29_Battalion_memorial_Bure_%28Belgium%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1676" data-file-height="2514" /></a><figcaption>Memorial at Bure, Belgium</figcaption></figure> <p>In the fight to capture Bure and the surrounding villages, the units suffered many casualties. The <a href="/wiki/13th_(Lancashire)_Parachute_Battalion" title="13th (Lancashire) Parachute Battalion">13th (Lancashire) Parachute Battalion</a> lost about a third of its strength: seven officers and 182 enlisted (68 killed in action). The 2nd Battalion, Ox and Bucks, lost one officer and 20 enlisted (seven KIA). The <a href="/wiki/Fife_and_Forfar_Yeomanry" title="Fife and Forfar Yeomanry">Fife and Forfar Yeomanry</a> and <a href="/wiki/23rd_Hussars" title="23rd Hussars">23rd Hussars</a> also suffered severe casualties including the loss of sixteen <a href="/wiki/M4_Sherman" title="M4 Sherman">Sherman tanks</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Whiting181_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Whiting181-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Belgian SAS lost three men during the action whilst supporting the attack on Bure.<sup id="cite_ref-bure_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bure-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The 13th (Lancashire) Parachute Battalion was pulled back from Bure and replaced by troops from the <a href="/wiki/29th_Armoured_Brigade_(United_Kingdom)" title="29th Armoured Brigade (United Kingdom)">29th Armoured Brigade</a>. The men of the 6th Airborne went on to liberate Wavreille, Jemelle, On, Hargimont, Nassogne, Forrieres, Masbourg, Lesterny, Amberloup, Marloie, <a href="/wiki/Waha" title="Waha">Waha</a> and Roy. At <a href="/wiki/Bande,_Belgium" class="mw-redirect" title="Bande, Belgium">Bande</a> on 11 January 1945, a patrol from the <a href="/wiki/1st_Canadian_Parachute_Battalion" title="1st Canadian Parachute Battalion">1st Canadian Parachute Battalion</a> who had been in reserve, accompanied by the Belgian SAS, discovered the bodies of thirty-four civilians who had been murdered by the Germans on Christmas Eve.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Toland355_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Toland355-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By the middle of 6 January, the 6th Airborne Division withdrew to Holland and patrolled along the river <a href="/wiki/Meuse" title="Meuse">Maas</a> before returning to the United Kingdom in late February in preparation for their next undertaking in <a href="/wiki/Operation_Varsity" title="Operation Varsity">Operation Varsity</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-harc549_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-harc549-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When <a href="/wiki/General_(United_States)" title="General (United States)">General</a> <a href="/wiki/Courtney_Hodges" title="Courtney Hodges">Courtney Hodges</a> commanding the <a href="/wiki/First_United_States_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="First United States Army">First US Army</a> joined up with the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Central" title="United States Army Central">Third US Army</a> (General <a href="/wiki/George_S._Patton" title="George S. Patton">George S. Patton</a>) on 16 January 1945, the Allies launched a counter-offensive towards the German border which recaptured all the ground that had been gained during the offensive.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Legacy">Legacy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Bure&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A memorial dedicated to 13 Para stands in the centre of Bure. In the church, there is a memorial book to the men of the 6th British Airborne Division killed in action during the Ardennes campaign, in addition to the <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_War_Graves_Commission" title="Commonwealth War Graves Commission">Commonwealth War Graves Commission</a> cemetery at <a href="/wiki/Hotton" title="Hotton">Hotton</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Bure&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dt>Notes</dt></dl> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Hastings,_Max_2005-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Hastings,_Max_2005_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hastings,_Max_2005_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Hastings, Max (2005). Armageddon: The Battle for Germany 1944–45. London, United Kingdom: Macmillan. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-330-49062-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-330-49062-1">0-330-49062-1</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hastings, p.239</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-saunders279-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-saunders279_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-saunders279_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Saunders, p.279</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-harc549-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-harc549_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-harc549_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-harc549_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Harclerode, p.549</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bure-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-bure_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bure_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bure_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120225221734/http://www.paradata.org.uk/content/battle-bure">"Battle of Bure"</a>. Para Data. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.paradata.org.uk/content/battle-bure">the original</a> on 25 February 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 May</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Battle+of+Bure&rft.pub=Para+Data&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.paradata.org.uk%2Fcontent%2Fbattle-bure&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+Bure" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Whiting178-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Whiting178_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Whiting178_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Whiting178_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Whiting, p.178</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Saunders, pp.279–280</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Whiting181-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Whiting181_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Whiting181_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Whiting, p.181</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchrijvers2005" class="citation book cs1">Schrijvers, Peter (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=6HuLY9HObA4C&q=Bande+11th+January+massacre&pg=PT298"><i>The Unknown Dead: Civilians in the Battle of the Bulge</i></a>. University Press of Kentucky. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780813137582" title="Special:BookSources/9780813137582"><bdi>9780813137582</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Unknown+Dead%3A+Civilians+in+the+Battle+of+the+Bulge&rft.pub=University+Press+of+Kentucky&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=9780813137582&rft.aulast=Schrijvers&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D6HuLY9HObA4C%26q%3DBande%2B11th%2BJanuary%2Bmassacre%26pg%3DPT298&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+Bure" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Toland355-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Toland355_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Toland, p.355</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Saunders, p.283</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cwgc.org/find-a-cemetery/cemetery/2074318/HOTTON%20WAR%20CEMETERY">"CWGC - HOTTON WAR CEMETERY"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 August</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=CWGC+-+HOTTON+WAR+CEMETERY&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cwgc.org%2Ffind-a-cemetery%2Fcemetery%2F2074318%2FHOTTON%2520WAR%2520CEMETERY&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+Bure" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <dl><dt>Bibliography</dt></dl> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarclerode2005" class="citation book cs1">Harclerode, Peter (2005). <i>Wings Of War: Airborne Warfare 1918–1945</i>. London, United Kingdom: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-304-36730-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-304-36730-6"><bdi>978-0-304-36730-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Wings+Of+War%3A+Airborne+Warfare+1918%E2%80%931945&rft.place=London%2C+United+Kingdom&rft.pub=Weidenfeld+%26+Nicolson&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-0-304-36730-6&rft.aulast=Harclerode&rft.aufirst=Peter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+Bure" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHastings2005" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Max_Hastings" title="Max Hastings">Hastings, Max</a> (2005). <i>Armageddon: The Battle for Germany 1944–45</i>. London, United Kingdom: Macmillan. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-330-49062-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-330-49062-1"><bdi>0-330-49062-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Armageddon%3A+The+Battle+for+Germany+1944%E2%80%9345&rft.place=London%2C+United+Kingdom&rft.pub=Macmillan&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=0-330-49062-1&rft.aulast=Hastings&rft.aufirst=Max&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+Bure" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSaunders1971" class="citation book cs1">Saunders, Hilary St George (1971). <i>The Red Beret</i>. London: New English Library. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-450-01006-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-450-01006-4"><bdi>978-0-450-01006-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Red+Beret&rft.place=London&rft.pub=New+English+Library&rft.date=1971&rft.isbn=978-0-450-01006-4&rft.aulast=Saunders&rft.aufirst=Hilary+St+George&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+Bure" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFToland1959" class="citation book cs1">Toland, John (1959). <i>Battle: The Story of the Bulge</i>. U of Nebraska Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780803294370" title="Special:BookSources/9780803294370"><bdi>9780803294370</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Battle%3A+The+Story+of+the+Bulge&rft.pub=U+of+Nebraska+Press&rft.date=1959&rft.isbn=9780803294370&rft.aulast=Toland&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+Bure" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWhiting2003" class="citation book cs1">Whiting, Charles (2003). <i>The Battle of the Bulge: Britain's Untold Story</i>. Sutton Pub Limited. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780750931809" title="Special:BookSources/9780750931809"><bdi>9780750931809</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Battle+of+the+Bulge%3A+Britain%27s+Untold+Story&rft.pub=Sutton+Pub+Limited&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=9780750931809&rft.aulast=Whiting&rft.aufirst=Charles&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+Bure" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWoolhouse2013" class="citation book cs1">Woolhouse, Andrew (2013). <i>13 - Lucky For Some: The History of the 13th (Lancashire) Parachute Battalion</i>. CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1482029161" title="Special:BookSources/978-1482029161"><bdi>978-1482029161</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=13+-+Lucky+For+Some%3A+The+History+of+the+13th+%28Lancashire%29+Parachute+Battalion&rft.pub=CreateSpace+Independent+Publishing+Platform&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-1482029161&rft.aulast=Woolhouse&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+Bure" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Bure&oldid=1257928664">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Bure&oldid=1257928664</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Conflicts_in_1945" title="Category:Conflicts in 1945">Conflicts in 1945</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1945_in_Belgium" title="Category:1945 in Belgium">1945 in Belgium</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Battle_of_the_Bulge" title="Category:Battle of the Bulge">Battle of the Bulge</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Battles_involving_the_United_Kingdom" title="Category:Battles involving the United Kingdom">Battles involving the United Kingdom</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Military_operations_of_World_War_II_involving_Germany" title="Category:Military operations of World War II involving Germany">Military operations of World War II involving Germany</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Rochefort,_Belgium" title="Category:Rochefort, Belgium">Rochefort, Belgium</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Tellin" title="Category:Tellin">Tellin</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:January_1945_events_in_Europe" title="Category:January 1945 events in Europe">January 1945 events in Europe</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_gadget_WikiMiniAtlas" title="Category:Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas">Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_May_2022" title="Category:Use dmy dates from May 2022">Use dmy dates from May 2022</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Coordinates_on_Wikidata" title="Category:Coordinates on Wikidata">Coordinates on Wikidata</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 17 November 2024, at 08:11<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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