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class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">skuif na kantbalk</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">versteek</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigasie </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Tuisblad" title="Besoek die Tuisblad [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Tuisblad</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Gebruikersportaal" title="Meer oor die projek, wat jy kan doen, nuttige skakels"><span>Gebruikersportaal</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Geselshoekie" title="Agtergrondinligting oor aktuele sake"><span>Geselshoekie</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Onlangse_wysigings" title="'n Lys van onlangse wysigings [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Onlangse wysigings</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Lukraak" title="Laai 'n lukrake bladsye [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Lukrake bladsy</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Contents" title="Vind meer uit oor iets"><span>Hulp</span></a></li><li id="n-Sandput" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Sandput"><span>Sandput</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Tuisblad" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" 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</ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Voorkoms"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Voorkoms" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Voorkoms</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_af.wikipedia.org&uselang=af" class=""><span>Skenkings</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:SkepRekening&returnto=Isjtar" title="U word aangemoedig om 'n gebruiker te skep en aan te meld, hoewel dit nie verpligtend is nie." class=""><span>Skep gebruiker</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:Teken_in&returnto=Isjtar" title="U word aangemoedig om aan te meld. Dit is egter nie verpligtend nie. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Meld aan</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Meer opsies" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Persoonlike gereedskap" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Persoonlike gereedskap</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_af.wikipedia.org&uselang=af"><span>Skenkings</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:SkepRekening&returnto=Isjtar" title="U word aangemoedig om 'n gebruiker te skep en aan te meld, hoewel dit nie verpligtend is nie."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Skep gebruiker</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:Teken_in&returnto=Isjtar" title="U word aangemoedig om aan te meld. Dit is egter nie verpligtend nie. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Meld aan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Bladsye vir uitgemelde redakteurs <a href="/wiki/Hulp:Inleiding" aria-label="Leer meer oor redigering"><span>leer meer</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Mybydrae" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Bydraes</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Mybespreking" title="Bespreking oor bydraes van hierdie IP-adres [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Bespreking</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div 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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">skuif na kantbalk</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">versteek</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inleiding</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Eienskappe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eienskappe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Eienskappe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eienskappe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Besoek_aan_die_onderwêreld" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Besoek_aan_die_onderwêreld"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Besoek aan die onderwêreld</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Besoek_aan_die_onderwêreld-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Verwysings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Verwysings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Verwysings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Verwysings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Eksterne_skakels" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eksterne_skakels"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Eksterne skakels</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eksterne_skakels-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Inhoud" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Wissel die inhoudsopgawe" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Wissel die inhoudsopgawe</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Isjtar</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gaan na 'n artikel in 'n ander taal. Beskikbaar in 61 tale" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-61" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">61 tale</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%B4%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="عشتار – Arabies" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="عشتار" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%90%DC%A3%DC%AC%DC%AA%DC%90" title="ܐܣܬܪܐ – Aramees" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܐܣܬܪܐ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="Aramees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%B4%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="عشتار – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="عشتار" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0%C5%9Ftar" title="İştar – Azerbeidjans" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="İştar" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbeidjans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Іштар – Belarussies" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Іштар" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarussies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%89%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Ищар – Bulgaars" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Ищар" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0" title="ইশতার – Bengaals" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ইশতার" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengaals" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ishtar" title="Ishtar – Bretons" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Ishtar" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Bretons" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ixtar" title="Ixtar – Katalaans" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Ixtar" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Иштар – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Иштар" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ishtar" title="Ishtar – Deens" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Ishtar" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Deens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/I%C5%A1tar" title="Ištar – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Ištar" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0nanna" title="İnanna – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="İnanna" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ishtar" title="Ishtar – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Ishtar" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/I%C5%9Dtar" title="Iŝtar – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Iŝtar" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ishtar" title="Ishtar – Spaans" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ishtar" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/I%C5%A1tar" title="Ištar – Estnies" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Ištar" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estnies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ixtar" title="Ixtar – Baskies" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ixtar" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B4%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="ایشتار – Persies" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ایشتار" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/I%C5%A1tar" title="Ištar – Fins" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ištar" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fins" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ishtar" title="Ishtar – Frans" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Ishtar" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A9%D7%AA%D7%A8" title="אשתר – Hebreeus" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אשתר" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebreeus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B0" title="इश्तर – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="इश्तर" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/I%C5%A1tar" title="Ištar – Kroaties" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Ištar" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroaties" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ist%C3%A1r" title="Istár – Hongaars" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Istár" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hongaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BB%D5%B7%D5%BF%D5%A1%D6%80" title="Իշտար – Armeens" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Իշտար" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ishtar" title="Ishtar – Indonesies" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Ishtar" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ishtar" title="Ishtar – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Ishtar" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/I%C5%A1tar" title="Ištar – Italiaans" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Ištar" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A4%E3%82%B7%E3%83%A5%E3%82%BF%E3%83%AB" title="イシュタル – Japannees" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="イシュタル" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japannees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%98%E1%83%A8%E1%83%97%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98" title="იშთარი – Georgies" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="იშთარი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8E%C5%9Ftar" title="Îştar – Koerdies" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Îştar" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Koerdies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/I%C5%A1tar" title="Ištar – Latyn" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Ištar" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/I%C5%A1tar%C4%97" title="Ištarė – Litaus" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Ištarė" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litaus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%87%E0%B4%B7%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BC" title="ഇഷ്ടാർ – Malabaars" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഇഷ്ടാർ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malabaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%8F%EA%AF%81%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A5%EA%AF%94" title="ꯏꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯔ – Manipuri" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯏꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯔ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="Manipuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ishtar_(godin)" title="Ishtar (godin) – Nederlands" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Ishtar (godin)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Nederlands" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ishtar" title="Ishtar – Nuwe Noors" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Ishtar" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Nuwe Noors" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ishtar" title="Ishtar – Boeknoors" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Ishtar" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Boeknoors" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ishtar" title="Ishtar – Oksitaans" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Ishtar" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Oksitaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%87%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0" title="ਇਸ਼ਤਾਰ – Pandjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਇਸ਼ਤਾਰ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Pandjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isztar" title="Isztar – Pools" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Isztar" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%B4%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="عشتار – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="عشتار" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istar_(mitologia)" title="Istar (mitologia) – Portugees" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Istar (mitologia)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/I%C8%99tar" title="Iștar – Roemeens" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Iștar" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Roemeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="recommended article"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Иштар – Russies" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Иштар" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ishtar" title="Ishtar – Sardinies" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Ishtar" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%B4%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="عشتار – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="عشتار" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/I%C5%A1tar" title="Ištar – Serwo-Kroaties" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Ištar" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serwo-Kroaties" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inanna" title="Inanna – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Inanna" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/I%C5%A1tar" title="Ištar – Sloweens" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Ištar" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloweens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Иштар – Serwies" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Иштар" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serwies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ishtar" title="Ishtar – Sweeds" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Ishtar" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Sweeds" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ishtar" title="Ishtar – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Ishtar" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0%C5%9Ftar" title="İştar – Turks" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="İştar" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Іштар – Oekraïens" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Іштар" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Oekraïens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%B4%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="عشتار – Oerdoe" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="عشتار" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Oerdoe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E4%B8%9D%E5%A1%94" title="伊丝塔 – Wu-Sjinees" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="伊丝塔" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu-Sjinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%98%E1%83%A8%E1%83%97%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98" title="იშთარი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="იშთარი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E7%B5%B2%E5%A1%94" title="伊絲塔 – Chinees" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="伊絲塔" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E7%B5%B2%E5%A1%94" title="伊絲塔 – Kantonees" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="伊絲塔" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kantonees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q47553#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Wysig skakels tussen tale" class="wbc-editpage">Wysig skakels</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Naamruimtes"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Isjtar" title="Bekyk die inhoudbladsy [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Bladsy</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Bespreking:Isjtar" rel="discussion" title="Bespreking oor die inhoudbladsy [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Bespreking</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Verander taalvariant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Afrikaans</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Weergawes"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Isjtar"><span>Lees</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isjtar&veaction=edit" title="Redigeer hierdie bladsy [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Wysig</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isjtar&action=edit" title="Wysig die bladsy se bonkode [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Wysig bron</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isjtar&action=history" title="Ouer weergawes van hierdie bladsy [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Wys geskiedenis</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Gereedskap" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Gereedskap</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Gereedskap</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">skuif na kantbalk</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">versteek</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Isjtar"><span>Lees</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isjtar&veaction=edit" title="Redigeer hierdie bladsy [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Wysig</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isjtar&action=edit" title="Wysig die bladsy se bonkode [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Wysig bron</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isjtar&action=history"><span>Wys geskiedenis</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Algemeen </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Skakels_hierheen/Isjtar" title="'n Lys bladsye wat hierheen skakel [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Skakels hierheen</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:OnlangseVeranderingsMetSkakels/Isjtar" rel="nofollow" title="Onlangse wysigings aan bladsye wat vanaf hierdie bladsy geskakel is [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Verwante veranderings</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Spesiale_bladsye" title="'n Lys van al die spesiale bladsye [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Spesiale bladsye</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isjtar&oldid=2455521" title="'n Permanente skakel na hierdie weergawe van die bladsy"><span>Permanente skakel</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isjtar&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Bladinligting</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:CiteThisPage&page=Isjtar&id=2455521&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Inligting oor hoe u hierdie bladsy kan verwys"><span>Haal dié blad aan</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Faf.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FIsjtar"><span>Kry verkorte URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Faf.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FIsjtar"><span>Laai QR-kode af</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Druk/uitvoer </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:Boek&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Isjtar"><span>Skep boek</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:DownloadAsPdf&page=Isjtar&action=show-download-screen"><span>Laai af as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isjtar&printable=yes" title="Drukbare weergawe van hierdie bladsy [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Drukbare weergawe</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Ander projekte </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Ishtar" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q47553" title="Skakel na gekonnekteerde databank item [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata-item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Voorkoms"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Voorkoms</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">skuif na kantbalk</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">versteek</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">in Wikipedia, die vrye ensiklopedie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="af" dir="ltr"><table class="toccolours vatop infobox" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="float:right; clear:right; width:230px; padding:3px; margin:1px 1px 1em 1em; font-size:85%;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="background-color:#CCCCAA; color:#000000; text-align: center;" colspan="3"><b><span style="font-size: 120%;">Isjtar, Inanna</span></b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;" colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Wigskrif" title="Wigskrif">Wigskrif</a>: <sup><a href="/wiki/Dingir" title="Dingir">D</a></sup>IŠTAR of <sup><a href="/wiki/Dingir" title="Dingir">D</a></sup>MUŠ<sub>3</sub> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;" colspan="3"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Ishtar_Eshnunna_Louvre_AO12456.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Isjtar hou haar simbool vas (Louvre)."><img alt="Isjtar hou haar simbool vas (Louvre)." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Ishtar_Eshnunna_Louvre_AO12456.jpg/224px-Ishtar_Eshnunna_Louvre_AO12456.jpg" decoding="async" width="224" height="346" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Ishtar_Eshnunna_Louvre_AO12456.jpg/336px-Ishtar_Eshnunna_Louvre_AO12456.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Ishtar_Eshnunna_Louvre_AO12456.jpg/448px-Ishtar_Eshnunna_Louvre_AO12456.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1335" data-file-height="2065" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;" colspan="3"><i>Isjtar hou haar simbool vas (<a href="/wiki/Louvre" title="Louvre">Louvre</a>).</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-weight:bold;">Soort godin </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Mesopotami%C3%AB" title="Mesopotamië">Mesopotamies</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-weight:bold;">Godin van</td> <td colspan="2">vrugbaarheid, liefde, oorlog, seks </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-weight:bold;">Kultussentrum </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Nineve" title="Nineve">Nineve</a>, <a href="/wiki/Asjoer" class="mw-redirect" title="Asjoer">Asjoer</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-weight:bold;">Simbool</td> <td colspan="2">Leeu, agtpuntige ster </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-weight:bold;">Ouers</td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Anoe" title="Anoe">Anoe</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-weight:bold;">Metgesel</td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tammoez&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tammoez (bladsy bestaan nie)">Tammoez</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="quotebox" style="float: right; clear: right; margin: 0.5em 0 0.8em 1.4em; width:18.2%; padding: 6px; border: 1px solid #aaa; font-size: 88%; background-color: #F9F9F9;"> <div class="" style="background-color: #F9F9F9; color: black; text-align: center; font-size: larger; font-weight: bold; text-align: center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Cuneform_UZ.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Cuneform_UZ.svg/40px-Cuneform_UZ.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Cuneform_UZ.svg/60px-Cuneform_UZ.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Cuneform_UZ.svg/80px-Cuneform_UZ.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="948" data-file-height="630" /></a></span></div> <div class="" style="position: relative; text-align: center;"> <div> <dl><dd><i>Hierdie bladsy bevat <a href="/wiki/Wigskrif" title="Wigskrif">wigskrif</a>. Sonder die regte lettertipe sal jy blokkies of snaakse tekens sien. Jy kan die regte lettertipe <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/get/noto/#sans-xsux">hier</a> kry.</i></dd></dl> </div> </div> <div style="text-align: center;"></div> </div> <p><b>Isjtar</b> (<a href="/wiki/IFA" class="mw-redirect" title="IFA">IFA</a>: <span title="Hierdie uitspraak is in die Internasionale Fonetiese Alfabet geskryf." class="IPA" style="white-space: nowrap; font-family:'Doulos SIL', 'Code2000', 'Chrysanthi Unicode', 'Gentium', 'GentiumAlt', 'TITUS Cyberbit Basic', 'Bitstream Vera', 'Arial Unicode MS', 'Bitstream Cyberbit', 'Lucida Sans Unicode', 'Hiragino Kaku Gothic Pro'; font-family :inherit; text-decoration: none!important"><a href="/wiki/Internasionale_Fonetiese_Alfabet" title="Internasionale Fonetiese Alfabet">ˈɪʃtɑːr</a></span>; <a href="/wiki/Wigskrif" title="Wigskrif">wigskrif</a>: <sup><a href="/wiki/DINGIR" class="mw-redirect" title="DINGIR">D</a></sup><i>IŠTAR</i>, <span style="font-size:125%;font-family:'Segoe UI Historic','Akkadian','Noto Sans Cuneiform','Noto Sans Sumero-Akkadian Cuneiform';" title="cuneiform text" lang="und-Xsux">𒀭𒈹</span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:B010ellst.png" class="mw-file-description" title="DINGIR"><img alt="DINGIR" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/B010ellst.png/24px-B010ellst.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/B010ellst.png/37px-B010ellst.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/B010ellst.png/49px-B010ellst.png 2x" data-file-width="168" data-file-height="138" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:B153ellst.png" class="mw-file-description" title="INANNA"><img alt="INANNA" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/B153ellst.png/29px-B153ellst.png" decoding="async" width="29" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/B153ellst.png/43px-B153ellst.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/B153ellst.png/58px-B153ellst.png 2x" data-file-width="199" data-file-height="138" /></a></span>) is die <a href="/wiki/Akkadi%C3%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="Akkadië">Akkadiese</a>, <a href="/wiki/Assiri%C3%AB" title="Assirië">Assiriese</a> en <a href="/wiki/Babiloni%C3%AB" title="Babilonië">Babiloniese</a> godin van vrugbaarheid, liefde, oorlog en seks.<sup id="cite_ref-WolksteinKramer_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WolksteinKramer-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sy is ’n weergawe van die <a href="/wiki/Sumeri%C3%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="Sumerië">Sumeriese</a> <b>Inanna</b> en is verwant aan die <a href="/wiki/Aramees" title="Aramees">Aramese</a> godin <a href="/w/index.php?title=Astarte&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Astarte (bladsy bestaan nie)">Astarte</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eienskappe">Eienskappe</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isjtar&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Wysig afdeling: Eienskappe" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isjtar&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Eienskappe"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Pergamon_Museum_Berlin_2007112.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Pergamon_Museum_Berlin_2007112.jpg/225px-Pergamon_Museum_Berlin_2007112.jpg" decoding="async" width="225" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Pergamon_Museum_Berlin_2007112.jpg/338px-Pergamon_Museum_Berlin_2007112.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Pergamon_Museum_Berlin_2007112.jpg/450px-Pergamon_Museum_Berlin_2007112.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="2112" /></a><figcaption>Haar simbool was die leeu (detail op die Isjtar-poort).</figcaption></figure> <p>Isjtar was die dogter van <a href="/wiki/Anoe" title="Anoe">Anoe</a> en die godin van vrugbaarheid, liefde, oorlog en seks.<sup id="cite_ref-Guirand_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guirand-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sy is veral in Noord-<a href="/wiki/Mesopotami%C3%AB" title="Mesopotamië">Mesopotamië</a> aanbid in die Assiriese stede <a href="/wiki/Nineve" title="Nineve">Nineve</a>, <a href="/wiki/Asjoer" class="mw-redirect" title="Asjoer">Asjoer</a> en <a href="/wiki/Arbil" title="Arbil">Arbela</a> (Erbil).<sup id="cite_ref-Guirand_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guirand-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Benewens die <a href="/wiki/Leeu" title="Leeu">leeus</a> op haar poort is haar simbool ’n agtpuntige ster.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In die Babiloniese <a href="/wiki/Panteon" title="Panteon">panteon</a> was sy die goddelike verpersoonliking van die <a href="/wiki/Planeet" title="Planeet">planeet</a> <a href="/wiki/Venus_(planeet)" class="mw-redirect" title="Venus (planeet)">Venus</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Guirand_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guirand-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Isjtar het baie minnaars gehad, maar sy het hulle wreed behandel en hulle moes duur betaal vir haar gunste. Ook diere is deur die liefde "verslaaf" en so deur die mens mak gemaak. Selfs die gode het deurgeloop: toe sy jonk was, was sy verlief op <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tammoez&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tammoez (bladsy bestaan nie)">Tammoez</a>, die god van oeste, en dit het glo tot sy dood gelei.<sup id="cite_ref-Guirand_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guirand-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Haar kultus het dalk ook <a href="/wiki/Tempelprostitusie" title="Tempelprostitusie">tempelprostitusie</a> ingesluit,<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> hoewel dit debatteerbaar is. Guirand verwys na haar heilige stad <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oeroek&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oeroek (bladsy bestaan nie)">Oeroek</a> as die "stad van die heilige courtisanes" en na haar as "die courtisane van die gode".<sup id="cite_ref-Guirand_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guirand-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Besoek_aan_die_onderwêreld"><span id="Besoek_aan_die_onderw.C3.AAreld"></span>Besoek aan die onderwêreld</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isjtar&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Wysig afdeling: Besoek aan die onderwêreld" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isjtar&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Besoek aan die onderwêreld"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Ishtar_vase_Louvre_AO17000-detail.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Ishtar_vase_Louvre_AO17000-detail.jpg/130px-Ishtar_vase_Louvre_AO17000-detail.jpg" decoding="async" width="130" height="288" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Ishtar_vase_Louvre_AO17000-detail.jpg/195px-Ishtar_vase_Louvre_AO17000-detail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Ishtar_vase_Louvre_AO17000-detail.jpg/260px-Ishtar_vase_Louvre_AO17000-detail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="528" data-file-height="1168" /></a><figcaption>Nog ’n uitbeelding van Isjtar/Inanna</figcaption></figure> <p>Een van die bekendste <a href="/wiki/Mite" title="Mite">mites</a> oor Isjtar<sup id="cite_ref-Jastrow_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jastrow-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> beskryf hoe sy neerdaal na die onderwêreld en by die poorte aandring om ingelaat te word. Die poortwagter haas hom na <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eresjkigal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eresjkigal (bladsy bestaan nie)">Eresjkigal</a>, die koningin van die onderwêreld, en sy gee hom opdrag om Isjtar in te laat, maar "volgens die antieke verordening". </p><p>Hierop laat die poortwagter haar in, maar maak net een poort op ’n slag oop. By elke poort moet Isjtar ’n kledingstuk uittrek. Toe sy eindelik deur die sewende poort gaan, is sy nakend. Woedend bestorm sy Eresjkigal, maar dié gee haar dienskneg Namtar opdrag om Isjtar gevange te neem en 60 siektes op haar los te laat. </p><p>Ná Isjtar se neerdaling na die onderwêreld het alle seksuele aktiwiteite op aarde opgehou. Die god <a href="/w/index.php?title=Papsoekal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Papsoekal (bladsy bestaan nie)">Papsoekal</a> rapporteer toe die situasie aan die koning van die gode, <a href="/wiki/Enki" title="Enki">Ea</a>. Dié skep ’n <a href="/wiki/Androgeen" title="Androgeen">androgeen</a> wat hy Asoe-sjoe-namir noem en stuur dit na Eresjkigal met die opdrag dat dit haar die sak met die waters van die lewe vra. Eresjkigal is woedend toe sy Asoe-sjoe-namir se versoek hoor, maar sy moet die water vir hom gee. Asoe-sjoe-namir besprinkel toe Isjtar met die water om haar by te bring. Daarna gaan Isjtar weer deur die sewe poorte, en by elke poort kry sy ’n kledingstuk terug totdat sy weer ten volle geklee is. </p><p>Omdat daar hier ’n onderbreking in die mite is, waarna Isjtar se minnaar Tammoez genoem word, het geleerdes<sup id="cite_ref-Guirand_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guirand-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Mackenzie_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mackenzie-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> eers geglo Isjtar is ná Tammoez se dood na die onderwêreld om hom te red. ’n Ooreenstemmende mite<sup id="cite_ref-WolksteinKramer_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WolksteinKramer-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> oor Inanna, die Summeriese weergawe van Isjtar, het egter lig gewerp op Isjtar se besoek aan die onderwêreld. Volgens dié mite kan Inanna net uit die onderwêreld terugkeer as sy iemand in haar plek daarheen stuur. Demone gaan saam met haar om seker te maak sy doen dit wel. Elke mens wat Inanna egter teenkom, is ’n vriend en sy laat die persoon dan gaan. Toe sy eindelik by die huis kom, kry sy haar man, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tammoez&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tammoez (bladsy bestaan nie)">Doemoezid</a> (die Babiloniese Tammoez) op sy troon, glad nie besig om oor haar te treur nie. Woedend laat Inanna die demone haar man in haar plek na die onderwêreld neem.<sup id="cite_ref-Kirk_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kirk-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Verwysings">Verwysings</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isjtar&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Wysig afdeling: Verwysings" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isjtar&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Verwysings"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-WolksteinKramer-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-WolksteinKramer_1-0">1,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-WolksteinKramer_1-1">1,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Wolkstein en Kramer. <i>Inanna: Queen of Heaven and Earth</i>. New York: Harper & Row, 1983.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Guirand-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Guirand_2-0">2,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Guirand_2-1">2,1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Guirand_2-2">2,2</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Guirand_2-3">2,3</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Guirand_2-4">2,4</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Guirand_2-5">2,5</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Guirand, Felix. "Assyro-Babylonian Mythology". <i>New Larousse Encyclopedia of Mythology</i> (Londen: Hamlyn, 1968)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Black, Jeremy en Green, Anthony (1992). <i>Gods, Demons, and Symbols of Ancient Mesopotamia: An Illustrated Dictionary</i>. <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/0292707940" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-292-70794-0</a> ble. 156, 169–170.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r2205490">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:12px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite id="CITEREFDay2004" class="citation book cs1">Day, John (2004). "Does the Old Testament Refer to Sacred Prostitution and Did It Actual Exist in Ancient Israel?". In McCarthy, Carmel; Healey, John F. (reds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=1LsFeLWi06gC&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false"><i>Biblical and Near Eastern Essays: Studies in Honour of Kevin J. Cathcart</i></a>. Cromwell Press. pp. 2–21. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/0-8264-6690-7" title="Spesiaal:Boekbronne/0-8264-6690-7"><bdi>0-8264-6690-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Does+the+Old+Testament+Refer+to+Sacred+Prostitution+and+Did+It+Actual+Exist+in+Ancient+Israel%3F&rft.btitle=Biblical+and+Near+Eastern+Essays%3A+Studies+in+Honour+of+Kevin+J.+Cathcart&rft.pages=2-21&rft.pub=Cromwell+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=0-8264-6690-7&rft.aulast=Day&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D1LsFeLWi06gC%26printsec%3Dfrontcover%23v%3Donepage%26q%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AIsjtar" class="Z3988"></span> pp. 15-17.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Jastrow-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Jastrow_5-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Jastrow, Morris. "Descent of the Goddess Ishtar into the Lower World" (<i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=EikbAAAAYAAJ&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false">The Civilization of Babylonia and Assyria</a></i>, 1915). Sacred-Texts. 2 Junie 2002.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mackenzie-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Mackenzie_6-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Mackenzie, Donald A. <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.holyebooks.org/babylonia/myths_of_babylonia_and_assyria/index.html">Myths of Babylonia and Assyria</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170806095852/http://www.holyebooks.org/babylonia/myths_of_babylonia_and_assyria/index.html">Geargiveer</a> 6 Augustus 2017 op <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></i>. Londen: Gresham, 1915</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kirk-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Kirk_7-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Kirk, G.S. <i>Myth: Its Meaning and Functions in Ancient and Other Cultures</i>. Berkeley: Cambridge UP, 1973.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eksterne_skakels">Eksterne skakels</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isjtar&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Wysig afdeling: Eksterne skakels" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isjtar&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Eksterne skakels"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/amgg/listofdeities/inanaitar/">Antieke Mesopotamiese gode en godinne: Inana/Ištar</a></li></ul> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wikimedia Commons logo"><img alt="Wikimedia Commons logo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Wikimedia Commons</a> het meer media in die kategorie <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Ishtar" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Ishtar">Isjtar</a>.</li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Crystal_txt.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Crystal_txt.png/15px-Crystal_txt.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Crystal_txt.png/23px-Crystal_txt.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Crystal_txt.png/30px-Crystal_txt.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></a></span> Hierdie artikel is vertaal uit die <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ishtar" class="extiw" title="en:Ishtar">Engelse Wikipedia</a></li></ul> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Mesopotamiese_mitologie" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background:#CCCCAA;"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-lees"><a href="/wiki/Sjabloon:Mesopotamiese_mitologie" title="Sjabloon:Mesopotamiese mitologie"><abbr title="Lees hierdie sjabloon" style=";background:#CCCCAA;;background:none transparent;color:inherit;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; 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text-align:left; vertical-align: top; padding-left: 0.5em; padding-right: 0.5em; text-align: right;">Oergode</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abzu" title="Abzu">Abzu</a> en <a href="/wiki/Tiamat" title="Tiamat">Tiamat</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lahmu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lahmu (bladsy bestaan nie)">Lahmu</a> en <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lahamu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lahamu (bladsy bestaan nie)">Lahamu</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ansjar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ansjar (bladsy bestaan nie)">Ansjar</a> en <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kisjar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kisjar (bladsy bestaan nie)">Kisjar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mummu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mummu (bladsy bestaan nie)">Mummu</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Chaos_Monster_and_Sun_God.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Chaos_Monster_and_Sun_God.png/140px-Chaos_Monster_and_Sun_God.png" decoding="async" width="140" height="103" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Chaos_Monster_and_Sun_God.png/210px-Chaos_Monster_and_Sun_God.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Chaos_Monster_and_Sun_God.png/280px-Chaos_Monster_and_Sun_God.png 2x" data-file-width="2012" data-file-height="1484" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:none; text-align:left; vertical-align: top; padding-left: 0.5em; padding-right: 0.5em; text-align: right;">Sewe gode wat verorden</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>Vier hoofgode</i>: <a href="/wiki/Anu" class="mw-redirect" title="Anu">Anu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enlil" title="Enlil">Enlil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enki" title="Enki">Enki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ninhursag" title="Ninhursag">Ninhursag</a></li> <li><i>Drie luggode</i>: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Isjtar/Inanna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanna" title="Nanna">Nanna/Sin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oetoe" title="Oetoe">Oetoe</a>/<a href="/wiki/Sjamasj" title="Sjamasj">Sjamasj</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:none; text-align:left; vertical-align: top; padding-left: 0.5em; padding-right: 0.5em; text-align: right;">Ander gode</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adad" title="Adad">Adad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assur_(god)" title="Assur (god)">Assur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ba%C3%A4l" title="Baäl">Bel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ba%C3%A4lsamin" title="Baälsamin">Baälsamin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dumuzid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dumuzid (bladsy bestaan nie)">Dumuzid</a>/<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tammuz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tammuz (bladsy bestaan nie)">Tammuz</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Enkimdu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Enkimdu (bladsy bestaan nie)">Enkimdu</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eresjkigal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eresjkigal (bladsy bestaan nie)">Eresjkigal</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ngesjtin-ana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ngesjtin-ana (bladsy bestaan nie)">Gesjtinanna</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kingu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kingu (bladsy bestaan nie)">Kingu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lahar" title="Lahar">Lahar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mardoek" title="Mardoek">Mardoek</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nergal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nergal (bladsy bestaan nie)">Nergal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ninlil" title="Ninlil">Ninlil</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ninurta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ninurta (bladsy bestaan nie)">Ninurta</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:none; text-align:left; vertical-align: top; padding-left: 0.5em; padding-right: 0.5em; text-align: right;">Halfgode en helde</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Adapa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Adapa (bladsy bestaan nie)">Adapa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enkidu" title="Enkidu">Enkidu</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Enmerkar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Enmerkar (bladsy bestaan nie)">Enmerkar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilgamesj" title="Gilgamesj">Gilgamesj</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lugalbanda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lugalbanda (bladsy bestaan nie)">Lugalbanda</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sjamhat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sjamhat (bladsy bestaan nie)">Sjamhat</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siduri&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siduri (bladsy bestaan nie)">Siduri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atra-Hasis" title="Atra-Hasis">Atra-Hasis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:none; text-align:left; vertical-align: top; padding-left: 0.5em; padding-right: 0.5em; text-align: right;">Geeste en monsters</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anzu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anzu (bladsy bestaan nie)">Anzu</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asag&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Asag (bladsy bestaan nie)">Asag</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asakku&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Asakku (bladsy bestaan nie)">Asakku</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Edimmu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Edimmu (bladsy bestaan nie)">Edimmu</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hanbi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hanbi (bladsy bestaan nie)">Hanbi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Humbaba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Humbaba (bladsy bestaan nie)">Humbaba</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kur (bladsy bestaan nie)">Kur</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lamasjtu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lamasjtu (bladsy bestaan nie)">Lamasjtu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamassu" title="Lamassu">Lamassu/Sjedu</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pazuzu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pazuzu (bladsy bestaan nie)">Pazuzu</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rabisu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rabisu (bladsy bestaan nie)">Rabisu</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siris&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siris (bladsy bestaan nie)">Siris</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Utukku&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Utukku (bladsy bestaan nie)">Utukku</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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