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emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=zh.wikipedia.org&uselang=zh" class=""><span>资助维基百科</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的" class=""><span>创建账号</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" 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id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="用户菜单" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=zh.wikipedia.org&uselang=zh"><span>资助维基百科</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>创建账号</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登录</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-歷史" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#歷史"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>歷史</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-歷史-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-献血对健康的影响" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#献血对健康的影响"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>献血对健康的影响</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-献血对健康的影响-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关献血对健康的影响子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-献血对健康的影响-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-血量和血液循环" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#血量和血液循环"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>血量和血液循环</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-血量和血液循环-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-傳染病" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#傳染病"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>傳染病</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-傳染病-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-并发症" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#并发症"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>并发症</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-并发症-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-抽取血液" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#抽取血液"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>抽取血液</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-抽取血液-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-血液化验" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#血液化验"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>血液化验</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-血液化验-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关血液化验子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-血液化验-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-献血前血液检测" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#献血前血液检测"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>献血前血液检测</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-献血前血液检测-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-献血后血液检测" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#献血后血液检测"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>献血后血液检测</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-献血后血液检测-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-献血前后的注意事项" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#献血前后的注意事项"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>献血前后的注意事项</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-献血前后的注意事项-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-对捐血者的要求" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#对捐血者的要求"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>对捐血者的要求</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-对捐血者的要求-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关对捐血者的要求子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-对捐血者的要求-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-中國大陸" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#中國大陸"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>中國大陸</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-中國大陸-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-香港" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#香港"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>香港</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-香港-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-澳門" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#澳門"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>澳門</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-澳門-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-台灣" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#台灣"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.4</span> <span>台灣</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-台灣-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-加拿大（魁北克省除外）" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#加拿大（魁北克省除外）"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.5</span> <span>加拿大（魁北克省除外）</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-加拿大（魁北克省除外）-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-其他" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#其他"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.6</span> <span>其他</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-其他-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-各地的无偿献血" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#各地的无偿献血"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>各地的无偿献血</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-各地的无偿献血-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关各地的无偿献血子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-各地的无偿献血-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-中國大陸_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#中國大陸_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>中國大陸</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-中國大陸_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-北京市" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#北京市"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1.1</span> <span>北京市</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-北京市-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-上海市" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#上海市"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1.2</span> <span>上海市</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-上海市-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-广州市" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#广州市"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1.3</span> <span>广州市</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-广州市-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-浙江省" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#浙江省"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1.4</span> <span>浙江省</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-浙江省-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-江苏省" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#江苏省"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1.5</span> <span>江苏省</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-江苏省-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-南宁市" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#南宁市"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1.6</span> <span>南宁市</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-南宁市-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-合肥市" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#合肥市"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1.7</span> <span>合肥市</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-合肥市-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-香港_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#香港_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>香港</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-香港_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-澳門_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#澳門_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3</span> <span>澳門</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-澳門_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-台灣_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#台灣_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.4</span> <span>台灣</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-台灣_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-马来西亚" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#马来西亚"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.5</span> <span>马来西亚</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-马来西亚-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-世界献血者日" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#世界献血者日"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>世界献血者日</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-世界献血者日-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-參考資料" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參考資料"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>參考資料</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-參考資料-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参见" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参见"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>参见</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参见-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外部連結" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外部連結"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>外部連結</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外部連結-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">献血</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。62种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-62" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">62种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%B9_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%85" title="تبرع بالدم – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="تبرع بالدم" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qanverm%C9%99" title="Qanvermə – 阿塞拜疆语" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Qanvermə" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="阿塞拜疆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krauja_donor%C4%ABst%C4%97" title="Krauja donorīstė – 薩莫吉希亞文" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Krauja donorīstė" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="薩莫吉希亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B0" title="Крывадача – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Крывадача" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D1%8A%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8F%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Кръводаряване – 保加利亚语" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Кръводаряване" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="রক্তদান – 孟加拉语" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="রক্তদান" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donaci%C3%B3_de_sang" title="Donació de sang – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Donació de sang" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darov%C3%A1n%C3%AD_krve" title="Darování krve – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Darování krve" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blutspende" title="Blutspende – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Blutspende" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%BF%CE%B4%CE%BF%CF%83%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Αιμοδοσία – 希腊语" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αιμοδοσία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希腊语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood_donation" title="Blood donation – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Blood donation" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sangodonaco" title="Sangodonaco – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Sangodonaco" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donaci%C3%B3n_de_sangre" title="Donación de sangre – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Donación de sangre" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%87%D8%AF%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%AE%D9%88%D9%86" title="اهدای خون – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="اهدای خون" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verenluovutus" title="Verenluovutus – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Verenluovutus" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Don_de_sang" title="Don de sang – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Don de sang" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doaz%C3%B3n_de_sangue" title="Doazón de sangue – 加利西亚语" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Doazón de sangue" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="加利西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%AA_%D7%93%D7%9D" title="תרומת דם – 希伯来语" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="תרומת דם" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="रक्तदान – 印地语" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="रक्तदान" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="印地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darivanje_krvi" title="Darivanje krvi – 克罗地亚语" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Darivanje krvi" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%A9rad%C3%A1s" title="Véradás – 匈牙利语" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Véradás" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D6%80%D5%B5%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%A4%D5%B8%D5%B6%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Արյան դոնորություն – 亚美尼亚语" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Արյան դոնորություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="亚美尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donation_de_sanguine" title="Donation de sanguine – 国际语" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Donation de sanguine" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="国际语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donor_darah" title="Donor darah – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Donor darah" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bl%C3%B3%C3%B0gj%C3%B6f" title="Blóðgjöf – 冰岛语" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Blóðgjöf" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="冰岛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donazione_del_sangue" title="Donazione del sangue – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Donazione del sangue" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80" title="献血 – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="献血" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donor_getih" title="Donor getih – 爪哇语" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Donor getih" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="爪哇语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A4_%E0%B2%A6%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A8" title="ರಕ್ತ ದಾನ – 卡纳达语" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ರಕ್ತ ದಾನ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="卡纳达语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%97%8C%ED%98%88" title="헌혈 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="헌혈" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%80_(%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D2%AF%D2%AF)" title="Донор (кан берүү) – 柯尔克孜语" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Донор (кан берүү)" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="柯尔克孜语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kraujo_donoryst%C4%97" title="Kraujo donorystė – 立陶宛语" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Kraujo donorystė" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="立陶宛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asins_ziedo%C5%A1ana" title="Asins ziedošana – 拉脱维亚语" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Asins ziedošana" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="拉脱维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Крводарителство – 马其顿语" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Крводарителство" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="马其顿语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%A6%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%82" title="രക്തദാനം – 马拉雅拉姆语" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="രക്തദാനം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="马拉雅拉姆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="रक्तदान – 马拉地语" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="रक्तदान" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="马拉地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Derma_darah" title="Derma darah – 马来语" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Derma darah" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="马来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="रक्तदान – 尼泊尔语" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="रक्तदान" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="尼泊尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bloeddonatie" title="Bloeddonatie – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Bloeddonatie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blodgjeving" title="Blodgjeving – 挪威尼诺斯克语" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Blodgjeving" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="挪威尼诺斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blodgivning" title="Blodgivning – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Blodgivning" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%B0%E0%AC%95%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%A4%E0%AC%A6%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%A8" title="ରକ୍ତଦାନ – 奥里亚语" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ରକ୍ତଦାନ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="奥里亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A9%82%E0%A8%A8_%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A8" title="ਖ਼ੂਨ ਦਾਨ – 旁遮普语" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਖ਼ੂਨ ਦਾਨ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="旁遮普语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krwiodawstwo" title="Krwiodawstwo – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Krwiodawstwo" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D9%88%D9%86_%D8%AF%D8%A7_%D8%B9%D8%B7%DB%8C%DB%81" title="خون دا عطیہ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="خون دا عطیہ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doa%C3%A7%C3%A3o_de_sangue" title="Doação de sangue – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Doação de sangue" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donare_de_s%C3%A2nge" title="Donare de sânge – 罗马尼亚语" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Donare de sânge" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8" title="Донорство крови – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Донорство крови" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Донорство кровли – 盧森尼亞文" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Донорство кровли" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="盧森尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood_donation" title="Blood donation – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Blood donation" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darovanie_krvi" title="Darovanie krvi – 斯洛伐克语" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Darovanie krvi" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="斯洛伐克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dhurimi_i_gjakut" title="Dhurimi i gjakut – 阿尔巴尼亚语" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Dhurimi i gjakut" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="阿尔巴尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blodgivning" title="Blodgivning – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Blodgivning" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%88" title="குருதிக் கொடை – 泰米尔语" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="குருதிக் கொடை" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="泰米尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4_%E0%B0%A6%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%82" title="రక్త దానం – 泰卢固语" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="రక్త దానం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="泰卢固语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%84%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%95" title="การบริจาคโลหิต – 泰语" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="การบริจาคโลหิต" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kan_ba%C4%9F%C4%B1%C5%9F%C4%B1" title="Kan bağışı – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kan bağışı" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%96" title="Донорська здача крові – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Донорська здача крові" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D9%88%D9%86_%DA%A9%D8%A7_%D8%B9%D8%B7%DB%8C%DB%81" title="خون کا عطیہ – 乌尔都语" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="خون کا عطیہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="乌尔都语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hi%E1%BA%BFn_m%C3%A1u" title="Hiến máu – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Hiến máu" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80" title="献血 – 吴语" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="献血" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吴语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%8D%90%E8%A1%80" title="捐血 – 粤语" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="捐血" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="粤语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q53467#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div 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class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg/53px-Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg/70px-Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="20" /></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">维基百科，自由的百科全书</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">（重定向自<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%8D%90%E8%A1%80&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="捐血">捐血</a>）</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84596247">.mw-parser-output .multiple-issues-text{width:95%;margin:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .multiple-issues-text>.mw-collapsible-content{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox 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.ambox-move{border-left-color:#9932cc!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left-color:#a2a9b1!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox{border-left-color:#36c!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left-color:#b32424!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{background-color:#300!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left-color:#f28500!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left-color:#fc3!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left-color:#9932cc!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left-color:#a2a9b1!important}}</style><table class="box-问题条目 plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-multiple_issues compact-ambox" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span"><div class="multiple-issues-text mw-collapsible"><b>本條目存在以下問題</b>，請協助<b><a class="external text" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80&action=edit">改善本條目</a></b>或在<b><a href="/wiki/Talk:%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80" title="Talk:献血">討論頁</a></b>針對議題發表看法。 <div class="mw-collapsible-content"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83732972"><table class="box-Expert_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">此條目需要<b>精通或熟悉相关主题的编者</b>参与及协助编辑。<span class="hide-when-compact"></span> <small class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">2015年5月1日</span>)</i></small><span class="hide-when-compact"><br /><small>請<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%B0%88%E5%AE%B6%E9%82%80%E8%AB%8B%E5%B7%A5%E4%BD%9C%E5%B0%8F%E7%B5%84" title="Wikipedia:專家邀請工作小組">邀請</a>適合的人士<a class="external text" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80&action=edit">改善本条目</a>。更多的細節與詳情請參见<a href="/wiki/Talk:%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80" title="Talk:献血">討論頁</a>。</small></span><span class="hide-when-compact"></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83732972"><table class="box-Refimprove plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tango-nosources.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Tango-nosources.svg/45px-Tango-nosources.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="45" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Tango-nosources.svg/68px-Tango-nosources.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Tango-nosources.svg/90px-Tango-nosources.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">此條目<b>需要补充更多<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%88%97%E6%98%8E%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:列明来源">来源</a></b>。<span class="hide-when-compact"></span> <small class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">2014年8月1日</span>)</i></small><span class="hide-when-compact"><br /><small>请协助補充多方面<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%8F%AF%E9%9D%A0%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:可靠来源">可靠来源</a>以<a class="external text" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80&action=edit">改善这篇条目</a>，<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%8F%AF%E4%BE%9B%E6%9F%A5%E8%AF%81" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:可供查证">无法查证</a>的内容可能會因為<a href="/wiki/Template:Fact" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Fact">异议提出</a>而被移除。<br />致使用者：请搜索一下条目的标题（来源搜索：<span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.com/search?&as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80%22">"献血"</a> — <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.com/search?q=%22%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80%22">网页</a>、<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=&as_src=-newswire+-wire+-presswire+-PR+-press+-release+-wikipedia&q=%22%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80%22">新闻</a>、<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?&as_brr=0&as_pub=-icon&q=%22%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80%22">书籍</a>、<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//scholar.google.com/scholar?&q=%22%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80%22">学术</a>、<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.com/search?tbm=isch&safe=off&q=%22%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80%22">图像</a></span>），以检查网络上是否存在该主题的更多可靠来源（<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%8F%AF%E9%9D%A0%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:可靠来源">判定指引</a>）。</small></span><span class="hide-when-compact"></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83732972"><table class="box-Copy_edit plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Ambox_spelling.svg/48px-Ambox_spelling.svg.png" decoding="async" width="48" height="48" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Ambox_spelling.svg/72px-Ambox_spelling.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Ambox_spelling.svg/96px-Ambox_spelling.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="620" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">此條目<b>需要<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%A6%82%E4%BD%95%E5%AF%A9%E6%A0%B8%E6%A0%A1%E5%B0%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:如何審核校對">編修</a>，以確保文法、<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E9%81%BF%E5%85%8D%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8%E7%9A%84%E5%AD%97%E8%A9%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:避免使用的字詞">用詞、语气</a>、<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F%E6%89%8B%E5%86%8C" title="Wikipedia:格式手册">格式</a>、<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F%E6%89%8B%E5%86%8C/%E6%A0%87%E7%82%B9%E7%AC%A6%E5%8F%B7" title="Wikipedia:格式手册/标点符号">標點</a>等使用恰当。</b><span class="hide-when-compact"></span> <small class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">2016年3月26日</span>)</i></small><span class="hide-when-compact"><br /><small>請按照<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%A6%82%E4%BD%95%E5%AF%A9%E6%A0%B8%E6%A0%A1%E5%B0%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:如何審核校對">校對指引</a>，幫助<a class="external text" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80&action=edit">编辑</a>這個條目。（<a href="/wiki/Help:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91" class="mw-redirect" title="Help:编辑">幫助</a>、<a href="/wiki/Talk:%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80" title="Talk:献血">討論</a>）</small></span><span class="hide-when-compact"></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </div></div><span class="hide-when-compact"></span><span class="hide-when-compact"></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r85100532">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-size:small}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:2em;margin-bottom:0.8em;margin-top:0.8em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img::after{content:"\202f \202f \202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small::after{content:"\202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small{display:none}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable selfref"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Star_of_life_caution.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Star_of_life_caution.svg/20px-Star_of_life_caution.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Star_of_life_caution.svg/30px-Star_of_life_caution.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Star_of_life_caution.svg/40px-Star_of_life_caution.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="210" data-file-height="190" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91" title="维基百科">维基百科</a>中的醫學内容<b>仅供参考</b>，並<b>不能</b>視作專業意見。如需獲取醫療幫助或意見，请咨询专业人士。詳見<b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A3%B0%E6%98%8E" title="Wikipedia:医学声明">醫學聲明</a></b>。</div> <div id="noteTA-cbaa7604" class="noteTA"><div class="noteTA-local"><div data-noteta-code="zh-hans:捐血; zh-hant:捐血; zh-cn:献血;"></div><div data-noteta-code="zh-cn:采血; zh-tw:採血;"></div><div data-noteta-code="zh-hans:中华人民共和国献血法; zh-hant:中華人民共和國獻血法"></div></div></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Blood_donation_at_Fleet_Week_USA.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Blood_donation_at_Fleet_Week_USA.jpg/220px-Blood_donation_at_Fleet_Week_USA.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="329" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Blood_donation_at_Fleet_Week_USA.jpg/330px-Blood_donation_at_Fleet_Week_USA.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Blood_donation_at_Fleet_Week_USA.jpg/440px-Blood_donation_at_Fleet_Week_USA.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="897" /></a><figcaption>一名正在捐血的<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E6%B5%B7%E8%BB%8D" title="美國海軍">美國海軍</a>士兵</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:People_queuing_to_donate_blood_in_Tongzhou,_Beijing.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/People_queuing_to_donate_blood_in_Tongzhou%2C_Beijing.jpg/220px-People_queuing_to_donate_blood_in_Tongzhou%2C_Beijing.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/People_queuing_to_donate_blood_in_Tongzhou%2C_Beijing.jpg/330px-People_queuing_to_donate_blood_in_Tongzhou%2C_Beijing.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/People_queuing_to_donate_blood_in_Tongzhou%2C_Beijing.jpg/440px-People_queuing_to_donate_blood_in_Tongzhou%2C_Beijing.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>北京通州正在献血点排队献血的人</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:JRC_Hyogo_Blood_Center_bloodmobiles_2008-01-14.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/JRC_Hyogo_Blood_Center_bloodmobiles_2008-01-14.jpg/220px-JRC_Hyogo_Blood_Center_bloodmobiles_2008-01-14.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/JRC_Hyogo_Blood_Center_bloodmobiles_2008-01-14.jpg/330px-JRC_Hyogo_Blood_Center_bloodmobiles_2008-01-14.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/JRC_Hyogo_Blood_Center_bloodmobiles_2008-01-14.jpg/440px-JRC_Hyogo_Blood_Center_bloodmobiles_2008-01-14.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a><figcaption>日本紅十字會流動捐血車</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Blutspende_Piktogramm.GIF" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Blutspende_Piktogramm.GIF/220px-Blutspende_Piktogramm.GIF" decoding="async" width="220" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Blutspende_Piktogramm.GIF/330px-Blutspende_Piktogramm.GIF 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b9/Blutspende_Piktogramm.GIF 2x" data-file-width="346" data-file-height="315" /></a><figcaption>献血标志</figcaption></figure> <p><b>捐血</b>（blood donation）又称<b>献血</b>，指献血者自愿捐献<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E8%A1%80" title="全血">全血</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%80%E6%B5%86" title="血浆">血浆</a>或<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%80%E6%B6%B2" title="血液">血液</a>成分，而不收取任何报酬（但在一些情况下会收纪念品）的行为。這些血液通常存储在血库中，由医疗单位、血站或<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A2%E5%8D%81%E5%AD%97%E4%BC%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="红十字会">红十字会</a>保管，以備需要者輸血時使用。有償捐血不能確保血液品質，不利于捐血者的<a href="/wiki/%E5%81%A5%E5%BA%B7" title="健康">健康</a>。与有偿捐血相比较，无偿捐血得不到任何<a href="/wiki/%E5%A0%B1%E9%85%AC" title="報酬">報酬</a>。 </p><p>一般人可在各地的固定无偿捐血站进行无偿捐血，許多无偿捐血站會定期派遣採血车到學校、單位、人流密集区，或配合地區活動來徵求捐血者。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="歷史"><span id=".E6.AD.B7.E5.8F.B2"></span>歷史</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：歷史"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>1616年，<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E8%98%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="英格蘭">英格蘭</a>醫生<a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%BB%89%C2%B7%E5%93%88%E7%BB%B4" title="威廉·哈维">威廉·哈維</a>證實了動物體內的<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%80%E6%B6%B2%E5%BE%AA%E7%8E%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="血液循环">血液循環</a>現象，並闡明了心臟在循環過程中的作用。 </p><p>1665年，英格蘭醫生<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="理查·洛爾 (醫生)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Richard Lower (physician)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%90%86%E6%9F%A5%C2%B7%E6%B4%9B%E7%88%BE_(%E9%86%AB%E7%94%9F)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="理查·洛爾 (醫生)（页面不存在）">理查·洛爾</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Lower_(physician)" class="extiw" title="en:Richard Lower (physician)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Richard Lower (physician)</span></a></span>）</span></span>完成了狗對狗輸血的首次成功記錄。隨後，許多醫生將動物血液輸入人體，導致人命傷亡。1678年，<a href="/wiki/%E6%95%99%E5%AE%97" title="教宗">教宗</a>宣告禁止輸血。 </p><p>1818年，英格蘭婦產科醫生<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="詹姆斯·布倫戴爾 (醫生)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="James Blundell (physician)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A9%B9%E5%A7%86%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E5%B8%83%E5%80%AB%E6%88%B4%E7%88%BE_(%E9%86%AB%E7%94%9F)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="詹姆斯·布倫戴爾 (醫生)（页面不存在）">詹姆斯·布倫戴爾</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Blundell_(physician)" class="extiw" title="en:James Blundell (physician)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">James Blundell (physician)</span></a></span>）</span></span>發明了一種輸血儀器，將人類的血液直接輸送給一個垂死的病人，挽救她的生命。他首先傳播一項事實：只有人類的血液可以輸送到另一個人類。 </p><p>1901年，<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A7%E5%9C%B0%E5%88%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="奧地利">奧地利</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E4%B9%9F%E7%B4%8D" title="維也納">維也納</a>病理學家<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E5%85%B0%E5%BE%B7%E6%96%BD%E6%B3%B0%E7%BA%B3" title="卡尔·兰德施泰纳">卡爾·蘭德施泰納</a>發現ABO<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%80%E5%9E%8B" title="血型">血型</a>。1930年，卡爾·蘭德施泰納博士因發現血型而被授予<a href="/wiki/%E8%AB%BE%E8%B2%9D%E7%88%BE%E9%86%AB%E5%AD%B8%E7%8D%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="諾貝爾醫學獎">諾貝爾醫學獎</a>。 </p><p>1914年，比利時哈斯丁（Hustin）博士發現了使用檸檬酸鈉溶液防止儲存血液凝固的技術。 </p><p>1932年，俄羅斯醫生安德魯·巴格達薩洛夫（Andre Bagdasarov）發展了透過在血液瓶中添加適定量葡萄糖和檸檬酸鈉的方法，可在攝氏4度下將讓儲存於瓶中的血液保存21天。 </p><p>1936年，加拿大醫生<a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BD%E6%B1%82%E6%81%A9" title="白求恩">白求恩</a>於<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E7%8F%AD%E7%89%99%E5%85%A7%E6%88%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="西班牙內戰">西班牙內戰</a>期間在<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E5%BE%B7%E9%87%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="馬德里">馬德里</a>建立了世界上第一個血庫。1940年，卡爾·蘭德施泰納和<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="亞歷山大·所羅門·維納" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Alexander S. Wiener"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%9E%E6%AD%B7%E5%B1%B1%E5%A4%A7%C2%B7%E6%89%80%E7%BE%85%E9%96%80%C2%B7%E7%B6%AD%E7%B4%8D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="亞歷山大·所羅門·維納（页面不存在）">亞歷山大·所羅門·維納</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_S._Wiener" class="extiw" title="en:Alexander S. Wiener"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Alexander S. Wiener</span></a></span>）</span></span>一起發現了血液中的<a href="/wiki/%E6%81%86%E6%B2%B3%E7%8C%B4%E5%9B%A0%E5%AD%90" class="mw-redirect" title="恆河猴因子">恒河猴因子</a>。<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>1948年，<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E7%B4%85%E5%8D%81%E5%AD%97%E6%9C%83" class="mw-redirect" title="國際紅十字會">國際紅十字會</a>建議「醫療用血要採用無償捐血和免費用血」。1975年，<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E8%A1%9B%E7%94%9F%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94" class="mw-redirect" title="世界衛生組織">世界衛生組織</a>通過決議，敦促各成員加速發展自願無償捐血。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="献血对健康的影响"><span id=".E7.8C.AE.E8.A1.80.E5.AF.B9.E5.81.A5.E5.BA.B7.E7.9A.84.E5.BD.B1.E5.93.8D"></span>献血对健康的影响</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：献血对健康的影响"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="血量和血液循环"><span id=".E8.A1.80.E9.87.8F.E5.92.8C.E8.A1.80.E6.B6.B2.E5.BE.AA.E7.8E.AF"></span>血量和血液循环</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：血量和血液循环"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">参见：<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%80%E6%B6%B2" title="血液">血液</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%80%E6%B6%B2%E5%BE%AA%E7%8E%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="血液循环">血液循环</a></div><p><b>血量</b>：正常人的血液<a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%A8%E9%87%8F" title="质量">质量</a>占体重的8%左右，一个正常成年人（50-60公斤），全身总血量相当于体重的8%左右，约有4000－4800<a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%AB%E5%8D%87" title="毫升">毫升</a>（ml）的血液<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。以美國外科醫師協會的失血分類，血液容量流失15%之內，屬於第一類的失血，並且一般對生命徵象並無影響。<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>健康人每天产生的红细胞约2000亿个，血小板约1200亿个，每年产生的血细胞相当于人体血细胞的总量，因此献血后流失的血液会被迅速补充。<sup id="cite_ref-:1_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>世界各国所规定的一次献血量各有差异，但均不超过500<a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%AB%E5%8D%87" title="毫升">毫升</a>（0.5升），极少引起不良反应<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p><b>血液循环</b>：人体全部血液中约有20%-25%的血液存储在<a href="/wiki/%E8%82%9D%E8%84%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="肝脏">肝脏</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%84%BE%E8%84%8F" title="脾脏">脾脏</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%82%BA" title="肺">肺</a>等器官内，其中脾脏可以贮存高达20%的血液。当人体血液流失时，这些器官内的血液会进入血管<sup id="cite_ref-:1_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，使血液循环中的血容量快速恢复正常，保持<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%80%E5%8E%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="血压">血压</a>不变。所以，献血不会影响血液循环和血压。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="傳染病"><span id=".E5.82.B3.E6.9F.93.E7.97.85"></span>傳染病</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：傳染病"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">参见：<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%A0%E6%9F%93%E7%97%85" class="mw-redirect" title="传染病">传染病</a></div><p>儘管采取嚴格措施，仍無法徹底杜絕共用采血器械和血液製品傳播疾病的問題，獻血及輸血人員仍有一定機率感染<a href="/wiki/%E8%89%BE%E6%BB%8B%E7%97%85" title="艾滋病">艾滋病</a>等<a href="/wiki/%E7%B5%95%E7%97%87" title="絕症">絕症</a>。艾滋病窗口期難以檢測，難以排除借獻血傳播疾病的惡意行爲；<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>獻血可能感染的<a href="/wiki/%E5%82%B3%E6%9F%93%E7%97%85" title="傳染病">傳染病</a>包括<a href="/wiki/%E8%89%BE%E6%BB%8B%E7%97%85" title="艾滋病">艾滋病</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%82%9D%E7%82%8E" title="肝炎">肝炎</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%96%9F%E7%96%BE" title="疟疾">疟疾</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%81%E8%A1%8C%E6%80%A7%E4%B9%99%E5%9E%8B%E8%84%91%E7%82%8E" title="流行性乙型脑炎">乙型脑炎</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%87%BA%E8%A1%80%E7%86%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="出血熱">出血热</a>和未知的病毒等。除此之外，很多传染病包括<a href="/wiki/%E7%96%B1%E7%96%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="疱疹">疱疹</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%97%85%E6%AF%92" title="病毒">病毒</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%84%9F%E6%9F%93" title="感染">感染</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%A0%E6%9F%93%E6%80%A7%E5%8D%95%E6%A0%B8%E7%BB%86%E8%83%9E%E5%A2%9E%E5%A4%9A%E7%97%87" class="mw-redirect" title="传染性单核细胞增多症">傳染性單核細胞增多症</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%93%E5%BD%A2%E9%AB%94%E7%97%85" class="mw-redirect" title="弓形體病">弓形體病</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%8C%90%E8%9F%B2%E7%97%85&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="錐蟲病（页面不存在）">錐蟲病</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E6%B4%B2%E6%98%8F%E7%9D%A1%E7%97%85" class="mw-redirect" title="非洲昏睡病">非洲昏睡病</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%81%B0%E5%8A%A0%E6%96%AF%E6%B0%8F%E7%97%85" class="mw-redirect" title="恰加斯氏病">恰加斯氏病</a>）、<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%A9%E4%BB%80%E6%9B%BC%E7%97%85" title="利什曼病">利什曼病</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E9%AD%AF%E6%B0%8F%E8%8F%8C%E7%97%85" title="布魯氏菌病">布魯氏菌病</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%91%E7%96%B9%E5%82%B7%E5%AF%92" title="斑疹傷寒">斑疹傷寒</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B5%B2%E8%9F%B2%E7%97%85&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="絲蟲病（页面不存在）">絲蟲病</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%97%B2%E7%96%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="痲疹">痲疹</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B2%99%E9%96%80%E6%B0%8F%E8%8F%8C%E7%97%85&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="沙門氏菌病（页面不存在）">沙門氏菌病</a>和<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A7%91%E7%BE%85%E6%8B%89%E5%A4%9A%E5%A3%81%E8%99%B1%E7%86%B1%E7%97%85&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="科羅拉多壁虱熱病（页面不存在）">科羅拉多壁虱熱病</a>等也随着血液传播。<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>有些更明定做出這種行為造成受贈者傷害為犯法。 </p><div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="并发症"><span id=".E5.B9.B6.E5.8F.91.E7.97.87"></span>并发症</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：并发症"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">参见：<a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%B5%E7%99%BC%E7%97%87" title="併發症">併發症</a></div><p>首次献血者、十几岁的青少年和女性更容易出现不良反应。<sup id="cite_ref-pmid18492969_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid18492969-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid18346014_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid18346014-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>有研究表明约2%的献血者对于献血出现不良反应。<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>大部分的不良反应是微小的。一项包括194,000个献血者的研究报告称有一位捐赠者出现了长期的并发症。<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>在美国，血站（血液银行）必须报告与献血可能相关的任何<a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%BB%E4%BA%A1" title="死亡">死亡</a>事件。一项从2008年10月到2009年9月的报告分析评估了6起严重死亡事件，发现其中5例死亡与献血并无关系，也尚无证据证实献血是剩余1例死亡的原因。<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%95%E5%8E%A5" class="mw-redirect" title="晕厥">晕厥</a>是通常情况下可能遭遇的最严重的问题。<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>2010年8月10日，在中国大陆，曾有一位女大学生在献血约4个小时后因突然晕倒而致残的情况。<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="抽取血液"><span id=".E6.8A.BD.E5.8F.96.E8.A1.80.E6.B6.B2"></span>抽取血液</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：抽取血液"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><span><video id="mwe_player_0" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Blood_draw_16_second.webm/220px--Blood_draw_16_second.webm.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" height="391" data-durationhint="17" data-mwtitle="Blood_draw_16_second.webm" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:Blood_draw_16_second.webm"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1f/Blood_draw_16_second.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-width="1080" data-height="1920" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1f/Blood_draw_16_second.webm/Blood_draw_16_second.webm.480p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="480p.vp9.webm" data-width="270" data-height="480" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1f/Blood_draw_16_second.webm/Blood_draw_16_second.webm.720p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="720p.vp9.webm" data-width="406" data-height="720" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1f/Blood_draw_16_second.webm/Blood_draw_16_second.webm.1080p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="1080p.vp9.webm" data-width="608" data-height="1080" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1f/Blood_draw_16_second.webm/Blood_draw_16_second.webm.144p.mjpeg.mov" type="video/quicktime" data-transcodekey="144p.mjpeg.mov" data-width="82" data-height="144" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1f/Blood_draw_16_second.webm/Blood_draw_16_second.webm.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="136" data-height="240" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1f/Blood_draw_16_second.webm/Blood_draw_16_second.webm.360p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="360p.vp9.webm" data-width="202" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1f/Blood_draw_16_second.webm/Blood_draw_16_second.webm.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="202" data-height="360" /></video></span><figcaption>将针头插入静脉。献血时会使用较大的针头。</figcaption></figure><p>献血分为捐献<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E8%A1%80" title="全血">全血</a>、捐献<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%80%E6%B5%86" title="血浆">血浆</a>、捐献<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%88%90%E5%88%86%E8%A1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="成分血（页面不存在）">成分血</a>。捐献<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E8%A1%80" title="全血">全血</a>即直接抽出血液。捐献成分血则是抽血后，使用离心机或过滤器将其分离，存储所需部分，然后将其余部分重新输给献血者。此过程称为单采，通常需要使用专门的机器。目前较为普遍的成分献血是机採<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%80%E5%B0%8F%E6%9D%BF" title="血小板">血小板</a>。其次有<a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BD%E8%A1%80%E7%90%83" title="白血球">白血球</a>分離捐血，但因為沒有急迫性，并且可以透過全血分離出來，故較少見。 </p><p>血液一般会从从皮肤下的大手臂静脉中抽出，通常是肘部内侧的肘正中静脉。抽取前，用碘酒或其他消毒剂进行消毒。消毒后进行静脉穿刺，即将针头插入静脉。接着固定针头位置，用敷料保护穿刺点。为了促进静脉回流，工作人员会要求献血者做握拳和松拳动作。<sup id="cite_ref-:2_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>为了促使血液流出，有时会在上臂缠上止血带，以增加手臂静脉中血液的压力，加速血液循环。也可以让献血者握住一个物体并挤压它，以增加静脉的血液流量。<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Blood_Donation_12-07-06_2.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Blood_Donation_12-07-06_2.JPG/220px-Blood_Donation_12-07-06_2.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Blood_Donation_12-07-06_2.JPG/330px-Blood_Donation_12-07-06_2.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Blood_Donation_12-07-06_2.JPG/440px-Blood_Donation_12-07-06_2.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1632" data-file-height="1224" /></a><figcaption>采血秤会摇晃血袋，使血液与抗凝剂更好地混合。</figcaption></figure> <p>血液流入采血袋后，与抗凝剂混合。采血秤会不停摇晃采血袋，并称量已采集血液重量。也有可能手工混合。 </p><p>达到献血的要求后，献血者松拳，工作人员将松开止血带，合闭止流夹，用消毒棉球或敷料轻按静脉穿刺点，拨出针头。此时献血者应加重按压10-15分钟，并停留10-15分钟，如无不适才能离开。<sup id="cite_ref-:2_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>对于直接输血，有时会从动脉抽血，并且直接从献血者泵入受血者，无须存储。但这种方法在现在已很少採用。<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>国家/地区 </th> <th>无偿献血血量 </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%A4%A7%E9%99%86" title="中国大陆">中国大陆</a> </td> <td>以200<a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%AB%E5%8D%87" title="毫升">毫升</a>为主，最多不超过400<a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%AB%E5%8D%87" title="毫升">毫升</a><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF" title="香港">香港</a> </td> <td>350<a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%AB%E5%8D%87" title="毫升">毫升</a>及450<a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%AB%E5%8D%87" title="毫升">毫升</a><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%BE%B3%E9%96%80" title="澳門">澳門</a> </td> <td>350<a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%AB%E5%8D%87" title="毫升">毫升</a>及450<a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%AB%E5%8D%87" title="毫升">毫升</a><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B0%E6%B9%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="台湾">台湾</a> </td> <td>250<a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%AB%E5%8D%87" title="毫升">毫升</a>及500<a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%AB%E5%8D%87" title="毫升">毫升</a><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC" title="日本">日本</a> </td> <td>200<a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%AB%E5%8D%87" title="毫升">毫升</a>及400<a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%AB%E5%8D%87" title="毫升">毫升</a><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83946278">.mw-parser-output .template-facttext{background-color:var(--background-color-neutral,#eaecf0);color:inherit;margin:-.3em 0;padding:.3em 0}</style><sup class="noprint Template-Fact"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%88%97%E6%98%8E%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:列明来源"><span style="white-space: nowrap;" title="来源请求。">[來源請求]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E9%9F%93" class="mw-redirect" title="南韓">南韓</a> </td> <td>320<a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%AB%E5%8D%87" title="毫升">毫升</a>及400<a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%AB%E5%8D%87" title="毫升">毫升</a><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83946278"><sup class="noprint Template-Fact"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%88%97%E6%98%8E%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:列明来源"><span style="white-space: nowrap;" title="来源请求。">[來源請求]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E7%8F%AD%E7%89%99" title="西班牙">西班牙</a> </td> <td>400<a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%AB%E5%8D%87" title="毫升">毫升</a><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83946278"><sup class="noprint Template-Fact"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%88%97%E6%98%8E%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:列明来源"><span style="white-space: nowrap;" title="来源请求。">[來源請求]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="法國">法國</a> </td> <td>400-480<a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%AB%E5%8D%87" title="毫升">毫升</a><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83946278"><sup class="noprint Template-Fact"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%88%97%E6%98%8E%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:列明来源"><span style="white-space: nowrap;" title="来源请求。">[來源請求]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%91%9E%E5%A3%AB" title="瑞士">瑞士</a> </td> <td>450<a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%AB%E5%8D%87" title="毫升">毫升</a><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="英國">英國</a> </td> <td>470<a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%AB%E5%8D%87" title="毫升">毫升</a><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">470<a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%AB%E5%8D%87" title="毫升">毫升</a><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%BE%B3%E6%B4%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="澳洲">澳洲</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td> <td>500<a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%AB%E5%8D%87" title="毫升">毫升</a><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E6%8B%BF%E5%A4%A7" title="加拿大">加拿大</a> </td> <td rowspan="2">450<a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%AB%E5%8D%87" title="毫升">毫升</a><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83946278"><sup class="noprint Template-Fact"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%88%97%E6%98%8E%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:列明来源"><span style="white-space: nowrap;" title="来源请求。">[來源請求]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E8%98%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="波蘭">波蘭</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD" title="德国">德国</a> </td> <td rowspan="2">500<a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%AB%E5%8D%87" title="毫升">毫升</a><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83946278"><sup class="noprint Template-Fact"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%88%97%E6%98%8E%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:列明来源"><span style="white-space: nowrap;" title="来源请求。">[來源請求]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%8D%B7%E5%85%B0" title="荷兰">荷兰</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="血液化验"><span id=".E8.A1.80.E6.B6.B2.E5.8C.96.E9.AA.8C"></span>血液化验</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：血液化验"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="献血前血液检测"><span id=".E7.8C.AE.E8.A1.80.E5.89.8D.E8.A1.80.E6.B6.B2.E6.A3.80.E6.B5.8B"></span>献血前血液检测</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80&action=edit&section=8" title="编辑章节：献血前血液检测"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>为测定<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%80%E5%9E%8B" title="血型">血型</a>、保证血液质量和用血者的安全，在对无偿献血者经行采血之前，必须经行相应的血液化验。一般使用较为简易的化验方法，在献血之前对献血者的血液经行化验，包括血液比重、<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%80%E5%9E%8B" title="血型">血型</a>、肝功能、血液传染病等项目。 </p> <ul><li>血液<a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%94%E9%87%8D" title="比重">比重</a>：较为普遍的检验是使用<a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8%E9%93%9C" title="硫酸铜">硫酸铜</a>的方法。男性必须大于1.052（台灣1.054），女性大于1.050（台灣1.052；中國大陸1.051）</li> <li>血型：确定献血者属于哪一种血型。除了ABO血型和Rh因子外，也會檢測其他罕有血型。</li> <li>肝功能：以丙氨酸氨基转移酶（<a href="/wiki/%E8%BD%AC%E6%B0%A8%E9%85%B6" title="转氨酶">转氨酶</a>）活力作为指标，使用<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B5%96%E6%B0%8F%E6%B3%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="赖氏法（页面不存在）">赖氏法</a>测定，应当小于25单位。</li> <li>血液<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%A0%E6%9F%93%E7%97%85" class="mw-redirect" title="传染病">传染病</a>：检查<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%99%E5%9E%8B%E8%82%9D%E7%82%8E" title="乙型肝炎">乙型肝炎</a>病毒表面<a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%97%E5%8E%9F" title="抗原">抗原</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%99%E5%9E%8B%E8%82%9D%E7%82%8E" title="丙型肝炎">丙型肝炎</a>病毒<a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%97%E4%BD%93" title="抗体">抗体</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%89%BE%E6%BB%8B%E7%97%85" title="艾滋病">艾滋病</a>病毒抗体、<a href="/wiki/%E6%A2%85%E6%AF%92" title="梅毒">梅毒</a>血清学检查4项。其中任意一项指标不合格者，不能参加献血。</li></ul> <p>在中国大陆，通常采用酶联免疫法检查<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%99%E5%9E%8B%E8%82%9D%E7%82%8E" title="乙型肝炎">乙型肝炎</a>病毒表面<a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%97%E5%8E%9F" title="抗原">抗原</a>。但该方法有一定的缺陷，可能不能有效排查出乙型肝炎病毒（<a href="/wiki/HBV" class="mw-redirect" title="HBV">HBV</a>）。<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>在<a href="/wiki/%E6%84%9B%E6%BB%8B%E7%97%85" class="mw-redirect" title="愛滋病">愛滋病</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%BA%E7%AA%97%E6%9C%9F" title="空窗期">空窗期</a>接受的愛滋病病毒抗體檢查，有可能結果正常，且這階段傳染性極強。<sup id="cite_ref-空窗期_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-空窗期-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>有些地區還會作如下檢測：<sup id="cite_ref-:0_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>血红蛋白（Hb）测定：男≥120g/L；女≥115g/L。</li> <li>单采血小板献血者：除满足以上条件外，还应同时满足： <ul><li>红细胞比容（HCT）：≥0.36；</li> <li>采前血小板计数（PLT）：≥150×10<sup>9</sup>/L且<450×10<sup>9</sup>/L；</li> <li>预测采后血小板数（PLT）：≥100×10<sup>9</sup>/L。</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="献血后血液检测"><span id=".E7.8C.AE.E8.A1.80.E5.90.8E.E8.A1.80.E6.B6.B2.E6.A3.80.E6.B5.8B"></span>献血后血液检测</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80&action=edit&section=9" title="编辑章节：献血后血液检测"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>以下是<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E5%8D%AB%E7%94%9F%E9%83%A8" title="中华人民共和国卫生部">中华人民共和国卫生部</a>颁布的《献血者健康检查要求》（GB18467-2011）中正文第6页的内容：<sup id="cite_ref-:0_32-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%80%E5%9E%8B" title="血型">血型</a>检测：ABO和RhD血型正确定型。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%99%E6%B0%A8%E9%85%B8%E6%B0%A8%E5%9F%BA%E8%BD%AC%E7%A7%BB%E9%85%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="丙氨酸氨基转移酶">丙氨酸氨基转移酶</a>（ALT）：符合相关要求。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%99%E5%9E%8B%E8%82%9D%E7%82%8E%E7%97%85%E6%AF%92" title="乙型肝炎病毒">乙型肝炎病毒</a>（HBV）检测：符合相关要求。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%99%E5%9E%8B%E8%82%9D%E7%82%8E%E7%97%85%E6%AF%92" title="丙型肝炎病毒">丙型肝炎病毒</a>（HCV）检测：符合相关要求。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%89%BE%E6%BB%8B%E7%97%85%E7%97%85%E6%AF%92" class="mw-redirect" title="艾滋病病毒">艾滋病病毒</a>（HIV）检测：符合相关要求。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A2%85%E6%AF%92" title="梅毒">梅毒</a>（Syphilis）检测：符合相关要求。</li></ul> <p>该国家标准的制定单位对“符合相关要求”没有做出任何的注释或进一步解释。相反，按照欧洲输血委员会的标准进行质量控制的澳门献血中心对化验室的血液检验则必须采用核酸检验技术(NAT)检测乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)、丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)及人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV），除此之外，首次献血者还会加验人类T淋巴细胞白血病病毒<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。由于病毒抗体检测存在“<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%AA%97%E5%8F%A3%E6%9C%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="窗口期（页面不存在）">窗口期</a>”，在中国大陆和台湾出现过受血者因输入符合相关规范标准的献血者血液而导致感染艾滋病或丙肝病毒的情况<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-空窗期_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-空窗期-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>在台灣，醫療院所或捐血中心，對於<a href="/wiki/%E8%89%BE%E6%BB%8B%E7%97%85" title="艾滋病">艾滋病</a>病毒（HIV）检测呈現陽性反應者，有主動通知主管機關之義務。<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>2004年，一份报告显示，vCJD（變種<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E9%9B%85%E4%BA%8C%E6%B0%8F%E7%97%85" title="克雅二氏病">克雅二氏病</a>）可以通过输血传播。<sup id="cite_ref-pmid15302196_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid15302196-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>这一发现使英國卫生保健官员感到不安，因为可能导致不久将来这种疾病的大规模流行。vCJD感染的血液检测是可能的<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，但是尚不能用于筛查献血。研究人员认为，在英国，2000人中就有1人是与食用受污染牛肉有关的疾病（vCJD）的携带者。<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="献血前后的注意事项"><span id=".E7.8C.AE.E8.A1.80.E5.89.8D.E5.90.8E.E7.9A.84.E6.B3.A8.E6.84.8F.E4.BA.8B.E9.A1.B9"></span>献血前后的注意事项</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80&action=edit&section=10" title="编辑章节：献血前后的注意事项"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83732972"><table class="box-Unreferenced plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tango-nosources.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Tango-nosources.svg/35px-Tango-nosources.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Tango-nosources.svg/53px-Tango-nosources.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Tango-nosources.svg/70px-Tango-nosources.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">此章節<b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%88%97%E6%98%8E%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:列明来源">尚無參考來源</a></b>，內容或許<b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%8F%AF%E4%BE%9B%E6%9F%A5%E8%AD%89" title="Wikipedia:可供查證">無法查證</a></b>。 <small class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">2021年2月19日</span>)</i></small></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>献血前： </p> <ol><li>献血前一天保证足够的睡眠和良好的情绪；</li> <li>献血前一天不要吃高<a href="/wiki/%E8%84%82%E8%82%AA" title="脂肪">脂肪</a>食品，例如油炸食品、<a href="/wiki/%E7%89%9B%E5%A5%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="牛奶">牛奶</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%B1%86%E6%B5%86" title="豆浆">豆浆</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%8A%B1%E7%94%9F" title="花生">花生</a>、瓜子、<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%B0%E6%B7%87%E6%B7%8B" title="冰淇淋">冰淇淋</a>等；</li> <li>献血前一天不要吃含色素多的食品，如胡萝卜；</li> <li>確保血壓正常；</li> <li>最近三天內未拔牙；</li> <li>不要服用藥物；</li> <li>不可饮酒。<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ol> <p>献血后： </p> <ol><li>按压针眼不少于10分钟；</li> <li>针眼处24小时不要沾水；</li> <li>多補充水分；</li> <li>冰敷；</li> <li>避免暴饮暴食；</li> <li>当天避免剧烈运动。</li> <li>保持手臂舒展状态，避免提重物。<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="对捐血者的要求"><span id=".E5.AF.B9.E6.8D.90.E8.A1.80.E8.80.85.E7.9A.84.E8.A6.81.E6.B1.82"></span>对捐血者的要求</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80&action=edit&section=11" title="编辑章节：对捐血者的要求"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>不是任何人都可以捐血。一般而言，<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%AA%E6%88%90%E5%B9%B4%E4%BA%BA" title="未成年人">未成年人</a>、体质虛弱者和患有特定疾病的人不适宜献血。因此把血液存入血库之前的检查极其重要。這是為了保護供血者的健康與受血者的安全。另外某些原因遭拒絕捐血者，其器官可能亦無法進行器官移植。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="中國大陸"><span id=".E4.B8.AD.E5.9C.8B.E5.A4.A7.E9.99.B8"></span>中國大陸</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80&action=edit&section=12" title="编辑章节：中國大陸"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%E5%B9%BF%E8%A5%BF%E4%B8%8A%E6%9E%97%E5%8E%BF%E5%A4%A7%E4%B8%B0%E9%95%87%E4%B8%80%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80%E4%B8%93%E7%94%A8%E5%81%9C%E8%BD%A6%E4%BD%8D%EF%BC%88%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80%E7%82%B9%EF%BC%89.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/%E5%B9%BF%E8%A5%BF%E4%B8%8A%E6%9E%97%E5%8E%BF%E5%A4%A7%E4%B8%B0%E9%95%87%E4%B8%80%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80%E4%B8%93%E7%94%A8%E5%81%9C%E8%BD%A6%E4%BD%8D%EF%BC%88%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80%E7%82%B9%EF%BC%89.jpg/220px-%E5%B9%BF%E8%A5%BF%E4%B8%8A%E6%9E%97%E5%8E%BF%E5%A4%A7%E4%B8%B0%E9%95%87%E4%B8%80%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80%E4%B8%93%E7%94%A8%E5%81%9C%E8%BD%A6%E4%BD%8D%EF%BC%88%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80%E7%82%B9%EF%BC%89.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="99" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/%E5%B9%BF%E8%A5%BF%E4%B8%8A%E6%9E%97%E5%8E%BF%E5%A4%A7%E4%B8%B0%E9%95%87%E4%B8%80%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80%E4%B8%93%E7%94%A8%E5%81%9C%E8%BD%A6%E4%BD%8D%EF%BC%88%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80%E7%82%B9%EF%BC%89.jpg/330px-%E5%B9%BF%E8%A5%BF%E4%B8%8A%E6%9E%97%E5%8E%BF%E5%A4%A7%E4%B8%B0%E9%95%87%E4%B8%80%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80%E4%B8%93%E7%94%A8%E5%81%9C%E8%BD%A6%E4%BD%8D%EF%BC%88%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80%E7%82%B9%EF%BC%89.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/%E5%B9%BF%E8%A5%BF%E4%B8%8A%E6%9E%97%E5%8E%BF%E5%A4%A7%E4%B8%B0%E9%95%87%E4%B8%80%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80%E4%B8%93%E7%94%A8%E5%81%9C%E8%BD%A6%E4%BD%8D%EF%BC%88%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80%E7%82%B9%EF%BC%89.jpg/440px-%E5%B9%BF%E8%A5%BF%E4%B8%8A%E6%9E%97%E5%8E%BF%E5%A4%A7%E4%B8%B0%E9%95%87%E4%B8%80%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80%E4%B8%93%E7%94%A8%E5%81%9C%E8%BD%A6%E4%BD%8D%EF%BC%88%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80%E7%82%B9%EF%BC%89.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4624" data-file-height="2080" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%BF%E8%A5%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="广西">广西</a><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E6%9E%97%E5%8E%BF" title="上林县">上林县</a>一献血专用停车位立牌</figcaption></figure> <p>献血者需填写一份《献血者知情同意及健康状况征询表》<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E5%8D%AB%E7%94%9F%E9%83%A8" title="中华人民共和国卫生部">中华人民共和国卫生部</a>对献血者健康检查标准规定如下<sup id="cite_ref-:0_32-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>： </p> <ul><li>年龄：18-55周岁</li> <li>体重：男≥50千克，女≥45千克。</li> <li>血压：12-20/8-12kPa，脉压差：≥4kPa或90mmHg-140mmHg/60mmHg-90mmHg，脉压差：≥30mmHg。</li> <li>脉搏：60-100次/分，高度<a href="/wiki/%E8%80%90%E5%8A%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="耐力">耐力</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8%E5%91%98" title="运动员">运动员</a>≥50次/分。</li> <li>体温正常。</li> <li>皮肤无黄染，无创面感染，无大面积<a href="/wiki/%E7%9A%AE%E8%82%A4%E7%97%85" class="mw-redirect" title="皮肤病">皮肤病</a>，浅表<a href="/wiki/%E6%B7%8B%E5%B7%B4%E7%B5%90" title="淋巴結">淋巴结</a>无明显肿大。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E5%AE%98" class="mw-disambig" title="五官">五官</a>无严重<a href="/wiki/%E7%96%BE%E7%97%85" title="疾病">疾病</a>，巩膜无黄染，甲状腺不肿大。</li> <li>四肢无严重残疾，无严重功能性障碍及<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B3%E8%8A%82" title="关节">关节</a>无红肿。</li> <li>胸部：心肺正常（心脏生理性杂音可视为正常）。</li> <li>腹部：腹平软、无肿块、无压痛、<a href="/wiki/%E8%82%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="肝">肝</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%84%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="脾">脾</a>不肿大。</li></ul> <p>有下列情况之一者不能献血： </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%80%A7%E7%97%85" class="mw-redirect" title="性病">性病</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%BA%BB%E7%96%AF%E7%97%85" class="mw-redirect" title="麻疯病">麻疯病</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%89%BE%E6%BB%8B%E7%97%85" title="艾滋病">艾滋病</a>病毒感染者。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%82%9D%E7%82%8E" title="肝炎">肝炎</a>病患者，乙型肝炎表面抗原阳性者，丙型肝炎抗体阳性者。</li> <li>过敏性疾病及反复发作过敏患者，如经常性寻麻疹、支气管哮喘、药物过敏。</li> <li>各种<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%93%E6%A0%B8%E7%97%85" title="结核病">结核病</a>患者，如肺结核、肾结核、淋巴结核及骨结核等。</li> <li>心血管疾病患者，如各种心脏病、<a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E8%A1%80%E5%8E%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="高血压">高血压</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%8E%E8%A1%80%E5%8E%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="低血压">低血压</a>、心肌炎以及血栓性静脉炎等。</li> <li>呼吸系统疾病患者，如慢性支气管炎、肺气肿以及支气管扩张肺功能不全。</li> <li>消化系统和泌尿系统疾病患者，如较重的胃及<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%81%E4%BA%8C%E6%8C%87%E8%82%A0" title="十二指肠">十二指肠</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%BA%83%E7%96%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="溃疡">溃疡</a>、慢性胃肠炎、急慢性肾炎以及慢性泌尿道感染、肾病综合征、慢性胰腺炎。</li> <li>血液病患者，如贫血、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A1%80%E6%B6%B2%E7%97%85&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="血液病（页面不存在）">血液病</a>、凝血性疾病。</li> <li>内分泌疾病或代谢障碍性疾病患者，如脑垂体及肾上腺病症、<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B2%E7%8A%B6%E8%85%BA%E5%8A%9F%E8%83%BD%E4%BA%A2%E8%BF%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="甲状腺功能亢进">甲狀腺功能亢進</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%82%A2%E7%AB%AF%E8%82%A5%E5%A4%A7%E7%97%87" title="肢端肥大症">肢端肥大症</a>、尿崩症及<a href="/wiki/%E7%B3%96%E5%B0%BF%E7%97%85" title="糖尿病">糖尿病</a>。</li> <li>器质性神经系统疾病或<a href="/wiki/%E7%B2%BE%E7%A5%9E%E7%97%85" class="mw-disambig" title="精神病">精神病</a>患者，如脑炎、脑外伤后遗症、癫痫、精神分裂症、癔病、严重神经衰弱等。</li> <li>寄生虫病及地方病患者，如黑热病、<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%80%E5%90%B8%E8%99%AB%E7%97%85" title="血吸虫病">血吸虫病</a>等。</li> <li>各种恶性肿瘤及影响健康的良性肿瘤患者。</li> <li>克-雅（Creutzfeldt-Jakob）病患者及有家族病史者，或接受可能是来源于克-雅病原体感染的组织或组织衍生物（如硬脑膜、角膜、人垂体生长激素等）治疗者。</li> <li>做过切除<a href="/wiki/%E8%83%83" title="胃">胃</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%82%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="肾">肾</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%84%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="脾">脾</a>等重要内脏器官手术者。</li> <li>慢性皮肤病患者，特别是传染性、过敏性及炎症性全身皮肤病，如<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%BB%84%E7%99%A3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="黄癣（页面不存在）">黄癣</a>、广泛性湿疹及全身性<a href="/wiki/%E7%89%9B%E7%9A%AE%E7%99%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="牛皮癬">牛皮癣</a>等。</li> <li>眼科疾病患者，如<a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%92%E8%86%9C%E7%82%8E" title="角膜炎">角膜炎</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%99%B9%E8%86%9C%E7%82%8E" title="虹膜炎">虹膜炎</a>、视神经炎和眼底有变化的高度近视。</li> <li>自身<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8D%E7%96%AB" title="免疫">免疫</a>性疾病及胶原性疾病，如系统性<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%85%E6%96%91%E7%8B%BC%E7%98%A1" title="紅斑狼瘡">红斑狼疮</a>、皮肌炎、硬皮病等。</li> <li>易感染免疫缺陷病毒的高危人群，如有吸毒史者，<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B7%E5%90%8C%E6%80%A7%E6%81%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="男同性恋">男同性恋</a>者、多个性伴侣者。<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>某些职业病患者，如放射性疾病、尘肺及有害气体，有毒物质所致的急慢性中毒等。</li> <li>该献血者血液曾使受血者发生与输血相关的传染病者。</li> <li>体检医生认为不能献血的其它疾病患者。</li></ul> <p>有下列情况之一暂不能献血： </p> <ul><li>半月内拔牙或其他小手术者。</li> <li>妇女<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%BB%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="月经">月经</a>前后三天、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A6%8A%E5%A8%A0" title="妊娠">妊娠</a>期、流产后未满六个月，<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%86%E5%A8%A9" title="分娩">分娩</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E5%93%BA%E4%B9%B3%E6%9C%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="哺乳期">哺乳期</a>未满一年者。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%84%9F%E5%86%92" class="mw-redirect" title="感冒">感冒</a>、急性<a href="/wiki/%E8%83%83%E8%82%A0%E7%82%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="胃肠炎">胃肠炎</a>病愈未满一周者，急性泌尿道感染病愈未满一个月者，<a href="/wiki/%E8%82%BA%E7%82%8E" title="肺炎">肺炎</a>病愈未满三个月者。</li> <li>某些传染病：如<a href="/wiki/%E7%97%A2%E7%96%BE" title="痢疾">痢疾</a>病愈未满半年者，<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%A4%E5%AF%92" title="伤寒">伤寒</a>病愈未满一年者，<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%83%E6%B0%8F%E6%9D%86%E8%8F%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="布氏杆菌（页面不存在）">布氏杆菌</a>病愈未满二年者，<a href="/wiki/%E7%96%9F%E7%96%BE" title="疟疾">疟疾</a>病愈未满三年者。</li> <li>近五年内输注全血及<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A1%80%E6%B6%B2%E6%88%90%E5%88%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="血液成分（页面不存在）">血液成分</a>者。</li> <li>较大手术后未满半年者，<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%91%E5%B0%BE" title="阑尾">阑尾</a>切除、疝修补术、扁桃体手术未满三个月者。</li> <li>皮肤局限性炎症愈合后未满一周者，广泛性炎症愈合后未满二周者。</li> <li>被血液或组织污染的器材致伤到污染伤口及施行<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%B9%E8%BA%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="纹身">纹身</a>手术后未满一年者。</li> <li>与传染病患者密切接触史者，自接触之日起至该病最长潜伏期。</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="香港"><span id=".E9.A6.99.E6.B8.AF"></span>香港</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80&action=edit&section=13" title="编辑章节：香港"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>香港捐血條件 </p> <dl><dt>全血</dt></dl> <ul><li>體重41公斤或以上（即90磅或以上）</li> <li>年齡介乎16至66歲生日當天（適用於首次捐血者）</li> <li>16至17歲的青少年須相隔不少於150天才可捐一次，每年最多可捐三次（16至17歲的青少年須在第一次捐血前先徵得家長簽署同意書。）</li> <li>18歲或以上成年女士則須相隔不少於105天才可捐一次，每年最多可捐四次</li> <li>18歲或以上成年男士須相隔不少於75天才可捐血一次，每年最多可捐五次</li> <li>66歲或以上之捐血者，如於過去兩年內曾成功捐血，並通過中心醫生的年度健康評估，便可繼續捐血至76歲生日當天。</li> <li>捐血者需帶備香港身份證以作登記之用</li> <li>為確保捐血者健康及血液安全，中心必須實施嚴謹捐血者篩選條件。所有捐血人士必須在每次捐血前填寫捐血登記表格內有關健康、生活習慣及旅遊紀錄的問題，通過血色素測試和護士健康諮詢，通過程序後再接受體温及血壓量度，一切正常方可以捐血。</li></ul> <dl><dt>成份血</dt></dl> <ul><li>年齡 18 至60歳</li> <li>體重超過55公斤</li> <li>手臂血管粗大（兩手皆是最為理想）</li> <li>曾重覆捐血後而沒有任何不適</li> <li>願意定期每月捐贈成份血</li></ul> <p>一般來說，每包全血經分離後可得一份的血小板，而成分捐血每次則可直接取得4至6份的血小板。後者能大大減少病人接受不同捐血者血液的頻率或機會。另外由於人體內貯存著大量的血漿和血小板，而人體機能亦可迅速補充所捐出的數量（血小板約3至7天，血漿只需24小時便能完全補充），因此理論上成分捐血者可每隔兩星期捐贈血漿或血小板一次，每年不可超過24次。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="澳門"><span id=".E6.BE.B3.E9.96.80"></span>澳門</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80&action=edit&section=14" title="编辑章节：澳門"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>在澳門，捐血者年齡必於介於17歲至69歲，18歲以下的青少年，須先徵得家長簽署同意書。首次捐血者，最高捐血年齡為60歲。捐血者體重必須大於或等於45kg。男性每隔3個月可捐血1次，女性每隔4個月可捐血1次。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="台灣"><span id=".E5.8F.B0.E7.81.A3"></span>台灣</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80&action=edit&section=15" title="编辑章节：台灣"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>根據<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B%E8%A1%9B%E7%94%9F%E7%A6%8F%E5%88%A9%E9%83%A8" title="中華民國衛生福利部">中華民國衛生福利部</a>訂定之「捐血者健康標準」，捐血者的基本條件必須年滿17歲，男性體重達50公斤，女性體重達45公斤以上方可捐血。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E6%87%B7%E5%AD%95" class="mw-redirect" title="懷孕">懷孕</a>或產後，接受<a href="/wiki/%E8%BC%B8%E8%A1%80" title="輸血">輸血</a>，接種活性減毒<a href="/wiki/%E7%96%AB%E8%8B%97" title="疫苗">疫苗</a>，懷疑自己感染<a href="/wiki/%E6%84%9B%E6%BB%8B%E7%97%85" class="mw-redirect" title="愛滋病">愛滋病</a>，或近期內曾罹患<a href="/wiki/%E6%80%A7%E7%97%85" class="mw-redirect" title="性病">性病</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%82%9D%E7%82%8E" title="肝炎">肝炎</a>、出入疫區等，應該暫緩捐血。 </p><p>曾患<a href="/wiki/%E7%99%8C%E7%97%87" title="癌症">癌症</a>、感染<a href="/wiki/%E6%84%9B%E6%BB%8B%E7%97%85" class="mw-redirect" title="愛滋病">愛滋病</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%B8%E6%AF%92" class="mw-redirect" title="吸毒">吸毒</a>、慢性<a href="/wiki/%E9%85%92%E7%B2%BE%E4%B8%AD%E6%AF%92" title="酒精中毒">酒精中毒</a>、曾長期使用<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%80%E6%B6%B2%E8%A3%BD%E5%8A%91" class="mw-redirect" title="血液製劑">血液製劑</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%80%A7%E5%B7%A5%E4%BD%9C%E8%80%85" title="性工作者">性工作者</a>以及<b>有男性間性行為者</b>，永不得捐血。其中「有男性間性行為者永不得捐血」此規定在工業化國家內屬為獨有歧視性案例。 </p><p>捐血250c.c.者須間隔兩個月以上，才可再進行捐血，捐贈500c.c.者，須間隔三個月以上。進行分離術捐血者，間隔二星期以上即可再進行捐血。並規範男性的最適年捐血量為1500c.c.以內，女性的最適年捐血量為1000c.c.以內，分離術捐血者一年捐贈的次數最多為24次，血量不超過12公升為限。間隔兩周才能捐血小板，每年最多僅能捐廿四次血小板，但捐一次血小板可計算為兩次捐血次數。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="加拿大（魁北克省除外）"><span id=".E5.8A.A0.E6.8B.BF.E5.A4.A7.EF.BC.88.E9.AD.81.E5.8C.97.E5.85.8B.E7.9C.81.E9.99.A4.E5.A4.96.EF.BC.89"></span>加拿大（魁北克省除外）</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80&action=edit&section=16" title="编辑章节：加拿大（魁北克省除外）"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>年齡介乎17歲生日至71歲生日之間(經常捐血者)，或年齡介乎17歲生日至61歲生日之間(第一次捐血者)，體重超過50公斤(110磅)的健康人士，都可以捐血。滿61歲初次捐血者，滿67歲至未滿71歲有捐血過但已有兩年無捐血經驗，以及滿71歲和以上人士，必須取得醫生證明才可捐血。此外，滿71歲後，必須每年提供醫生證明才可捐血。<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>證明表格可由<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%A0%E6%8B%BF%E5%A4%A7%E8%A1%80%E6%B6%B2%E6%9C%8D%E5%8B%99%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="加拿大血液服務中心（页面不存在）">加拿大血液服務中心</a>網站所得。<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>捐血量為450mL，捐血的頻率最短為56日。捐血者於捐血前，將要回答一份問卷，以核實捐血的資格。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="其他"><span id=".E5.85.B6.E4.BB.96"></span>其他</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80&action=edit&section=17" title="编辑章节：其他"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83732972"><table class="box-Unreferenced plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tango-nosources.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Tango-nosources.svg/35px-Tango-nosources.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Tango-nosources.svg/53px-Tango-nosources.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Tango-nosources.svg/70px-Tango-nosources.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">此章節<b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%88%97%E6%98%8E%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:列明来源">尚無參考來源</a></b>，內容或許<b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%8F%AF%E4%BE%9B%E6%9F%A5%E8%AD%89" title="Wikipedia:可供查證">無法查證</a></b>。 <small class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">2021年2月19日</span>)</i></small></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%83%A1%E6%80%A7%E8%85%AB%E7%98%A4" class="mw-redirect" title="惡性腫瘤">惡性腫瘤</a>： <ul><li>原位癌者較寬鬆，白血病者最容易被禁止</li> <li>澳洲：5年</li> <li>美國：紅十字會治療後1年，但白血病、淋巴瘤者人仍禁止。</li> <li>英國：禁止</li></ul></li> <li>定康顯（Tegison）： <ul><li>會造成畸胎，捐血中心大多不會篩選血液受贈者。</li> <li>大多數禁止</li> <li>日本：兩年</li></ul></li> <li>激素類： <ul><li>來自人體禁止。</li> <li>來自人工合成不禁止。</li></ul></li> <li>器官移植： <ul><li>大多數禁止。</li> <li>美國：一年，硬腦膜者禁止。</li></ul></li> <li>輸血 <ul><li>大部分輸血至多一年。</li> <li>血源為英國、法國者大多禁止。</li> <li>血源為非洲特定國家(卡麥隆、中非共和國、查德、剛果、赤道幾內亞、加彭、尼日、或奈幾內亞)者多數禁止。</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="各地的无偿献血"><span id=".E5.90.84.E5.9C.B0.E7.9A.84.E6.97.A0.E5.81.BF.E7.8C.AE.E8.A1.80"></span>各地的无偿献血</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80&action=edit&section=18" title="编辑章节：各地的无偿献血"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>台灣在1974年開始無償捐血，2008年的捐血率為7.8%<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。澳門則在1989年開始，<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>2009年的捐血率為2.4%<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="中國大陸_2"><span id=".E4.B8.AD.E5.9C.8B.E5.A4.A7.E9.99.B8_2"></span>中國大陸</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80&action=edit&section=19" title="编辑章节：中國大陸"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>1997年12月29日，<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E5%85%AB%E5%B1%8A%E5%85%A8%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E4%BB%A3%E8%A1%A8%E5%A4%A7%E4%BC%9A%E5%B8%B8%E5%8A%A1%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="第八届全国人民代表大会常务委员会">第八届全国人民代表大会常务委员会</a>第二十九次会议通过《<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80%E6%B3%95" title="中华人民共和国献血法">中华人民共和国献血法</a>》，于1998年10月1日起实施。 </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655521">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9;display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox" style="font-size:small;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655520">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="38" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/57px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/76px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E6%96%87%E5%BA%93" title="维基文库">维基文库</a>中的相关原始文献：<b><a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80%E6%B3%95" class="extiw" title="s:中华人民共和国献血法">中华人民共和国献血法</a></b></div></div> </div> <p>《献血法》指出： </p> <ul><li>国家提倡18－55周岁的健康公民自愿献血。</li> <li>血站是采集、提供临床用血的机构，是不以营利为目的的公益性组织。</li> <li>血站对献血者每次采集血液量一般为二百毫升，最多不得超过四百毫升，两次采集间隔期不少于六个月。</li> <li>公民临床用血时只交付用于血液的采集、储存、分离、检验等费用。</li> <li>无偿献血者临床需要用血时，免交（实际情况是先交费，后报销；如果是献血地和用血地在中国大陆的不同省份，则必须携带相关证明材料回到献血地的血站申请报销）前款规定的费用；无偿献血者的配偶和<a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B4%E7%B3%BB%E4%BA%B2%E5%B1%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="直系亲属">直系亲属</a>临床需要用血时，可以按照省、自治区、直辖市人民政府的规定免交或者减交前款规定的费用。</li></ul> <p>2020年6月14日开始，中国国家卫生健康委宣布全国电子无偿献血证正式启用，无偿献血者可以通过国家政务服务平台和支付宝、微信、百度小程序一键查看本人的电子无偿献血证和全国范围内的献血记录。全国电子无偿献血证的正式“上线”，实现了全国452家血站的信息互联互通，唯有军队系统内血站不在此列。<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>中国政府对无偿献血给予以下六种奖励<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>： </p> <ul><li><b>无偿献血奉献奖</b>：分为金、银、铜奖，分别奖励自愿无偿献血达四十次、三十次、二十次的无偿献血者；以及终身荣誉奖，奖励累计获得无偿献血奉献奖金奖3次以上者，终身荣誉奖仅表彰一次。</li></ul> <p>（献全血200ml按1次计算，400ml按2次计算；捐献机采血小板1治疗单位按1次计算，2治疗单位按2次计算。） </p> <ul><li><b>无偿献血促进奖</b>：奖励为无偿献血事业作出贡献的单位和个人。获奖标准为：</li></ul> <p>（一）单位奖，需符合以下基本条件：两年内参加自愿无偿献血累计达到200人次以上，且该累计献血人次数不小于本单位在职员工总数50%的单位；或者两年内参加自愿无偿献血累计达到1000人次以上的单位。（二）个人奖，需符合以下基本条件：长年支持无偿献血工作，在组织自愿无偿献血、保障血液供应等方面作出重要贡献的个人。（三）特别奖，需符合以下基本条件：长年为普及无偿献血知识，弘扬无偿献血人道主义精神，营造无偿献血良好社会氛围，推动我国无偿献血事业作出突出贡献的单位和个人；或者捐赠人民币、采供血设备、设施及其他物品达到50万元以上的单位和个人。 </p> <ul><li><b>无偿献血志愿服务奖</b>：用以奖励积极参与无偿献血和造血干细胞捐献志愿服务工作的个人。获奖标准为：</li></ul> <p>(一)“一星级”，无偿献血和造血干细胞捐献志愿服务累计时间达到100小时的志愿者； (二)“二星级”，无偿献血和造血干细胞捐献志愿服务累计时间达到300小时的志愿者； (三)“三星级”，无偿献血和造血干细胞捐献志愿服务累计时间达到600小时的志愿者； (四)“四星级”，无偿献血和造血干细胞捐献志愿服务累计时间达到1000小时的志愿者； (五)“五星级”，无偿献血和造血干细胞捐献志愿服务累计时间达到1500小时的志愿者； (六)“终身荣誉奖”，无偿献血和造血干细胞捐献志愿服务时间超过10年且累计时间超过2000小时，或累计时间超过3000小时的志愿者。终身荣誉奖仅表彰一次。 </p> <ul><li><b>无偿献血先进省（市）奖</b>：奖励积极支持无偿献血事业的省（自治区、直辖市）、设区的市（地、州）。获奖标准为：</li></ul> <p>（一）无偿献血能够满足临床用血需求，临床用血100%来自自愿无偿献血；（二）表彰年度内，当地献血人群中定期献血者比例或千人口献血率不低于全国平均水平；（三）15-55周岁人口中，城市居民对无偿献血知晓率应达到85%以上，农村居民应达到75%以上；在校青少年应达到95%以上；（四）当地新闻媒体积极播放宣传无偿献血知识的公益广告，弘扬无偿献血先进事迹；（五）辖区内70%以上的公共场所，如主要路段、街头、广场、公园、商业区和旅游景区等，免费设置无偿献血知识的公益广告牌或宣传栏；（六）根据当地医疗机构临床用血量，设置布局合理、数量适当的固定献血屋（点）。 </p> <ul><li><b>无偿献血先进部队奖</b>：奖励为无偿献血事业作出贡献的军队和武警部队。其获奖标准为：官兵无偿献血知晓率达到95%以上、自愿无偿献血100%的军队和武警部队军级（独立师）以上单位。</li> <li><b>无偿捐献造血干细胞奖</b>：奖励成功捐献造血干细胞者。获奖标准为：</li></ul> <p>（一）奉献奖，成功捐献造血干细胞1次的捐献者；（二）特别奖，成功捐献造血干细胞2次以上的捐献者，或者成功捐献造血干细胞1次且自愿无偿献血20次以上的捐献者。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="北京市"><span id=".E5.8C.97.E4.BA.AC.E5.B8.82"></span>北京市</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80&action=edit&section=20" title="编辑章节：北京市"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Blood_donation_-_Beijing.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Blood_donation_-_Beijing.JPG/220px-Blood_donation_-_Beijing.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Blood_donation_-_Beijing.JPG/330px-Blood_donation_-_Beijing.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Blood_donation_-_Beijing.JPG/440px-Blood_donation_-_Beijing.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="2112" /></a><figcaption>北京街头的无偿献血车</figcaption></figure> <p>根据<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC%E5%B8%82" title="北京市">北京市</a>政府的相关政策，参加北京市无偿献血的公民，自献血之日起5年内免费使用捐血量5倍的血液；5年之后免费使用献血量等量的血液。参加北京市无偿献血公民的配偶和直系亲属，不符合献血条件的，自公民献血之日起5年内免费使用献血量等量的血液。<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>北京市临床血液大多来自街头采血的形式，在用血紧张时，可能动员高校、部队、国家机关等单位的人员无偿献血。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="上海市"><span id=".E4.B8.8A.E6.B5.B7.E5.B8.82"></span>上海市</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80&action=edit&section=21" title="编辑章节：上海市"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:BloodDonationBus-EastNanjingRd_Shanghai.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/BloodDonationBus-EastNanjingRd_Shanghai.JPG/220px-BloodDonationBus-EastNanjingRd_Shanghai.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/BloodDonationBus-EastNanjingRd_Shanghai.JPG/330px-BloodDonationBus-EastNanjingRd_Shanghai.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/BloodDonationBus-EastNanjingRd_Shanghai.JPG/440px-BloodDonationBus-EastNanjingRd_Shanghai.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>上海<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E4%BA%AC%E4%B8%9C%E8%B7%AF" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="南京东路">南京东路</a><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%BA%AA%E5%B9%BF%E5%9C%BA" class="mw-disambig" title="世纪广场">世纪广场</a>的无偿献血车</figcaption></figure> <p>根据<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E6%B5%B7%E5%B8%82%E5%8D%AB%E7%94%9F%E5%B1%80" title="上海市卫生局">上海市卫生局</a>网站在2000年四月三日公布的“沪卫医政（2000）44号”文件中《上海市无偿献血表彰奖励暂行办法》的规定，凡符合国家“无偿献血奉献奖”和“无偿献血促进奖”条件的个人与单位，均可按照规定逐级上报后有相关单位颁发。荣获国家“无偿献血奉献奖”的无偿献血者，同时可获得由市红十字会授予的“上海市红十字荣誉会员”称号，并颁发证书、证章。<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>上海市特别设立“白玉兰无偿献血奖杯”、“无偿献血纪念奖”、“无偿献血促进奖”表彰符合规定条件的无偿献血者以及促进上海市无偿献血事业发展的单位和个人。 </p> <ul><li>上海市“白玉兰无偿献血奖杯”，奖励无偿献血达五十次的无偿献血者，同时颁发由上海市红十字会颁发会长亲笔签署的上海市白玉兰无偿献血奖证书。</li> <li>上海市“无偿献血纪念奖”，奖励无偿献血达五次的无偿献血者。</li> <li>上海市“无偿献血促进奖”，用于奖励：一次捐款15万元（含）以上人民币或者等值物资，用于发展无偿献血事业的单位或个人；在无偿献血的组织、临床用血新技术研究和推广、采供血等工作中作出显著成绩的单位和个人；为推动上海市市无偿献血工作，长期提供公益性服务、宣传并作出突出贡献的单位和个人。</li></ul> <p>其中献血量的计算以全血200毫升按1次、400毫升按2次计算；成分血每一个机采单位按4次计算。在《中华人民共和国献血法》及《上海市献血条例》颁布前的无偿献血次数也可参与累加计算。 </p><p>上海市无偿献血表彰奖励会每两年举行一次，来表彰“白玉兰无偿献血奖杯”获得者、“上海市无偿献血促进奖”获得者。奖励规则适用于上海市行政区域内的单位和个人，包托外省市、华侨、港澳台以及外籍在沪的单位和个人。<sup id="cite_ref-关于下发《上海市无偿献血表彰奖励暂行办法》的通知_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-关于下发《上海市无偿献血表彰奖励暂行办法》的通知-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="广州市"><span id=".E5.B9.BF.E5.B7.9E.E5.B8.82"></span>广州市</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80&action=edit&section=22" title="编辑章节：广州市"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>根据2021年5月1日起施行的《广州市献血管理规定》<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，在<a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%BF%E5%B7%9E%E5%B8%82" title="广州市">广州市</a>内参加献血的无偿献血者和参与献血服务的志愿者，按照有关规定享受公共租赁住房加分等优待。在广州市献全血10次或以上可申领《广州市无偿献血优待证》。<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>其中，在本市范围内，献全血累计达到10次以上或者献血次数累计达到20次以上的无偿献血者，献血志愿服务累计时间达到480小时以上的志愿者，发给《无偿献血优待证（C）》，给予免费游览市、区所属公园、纪念馆、博物馆、科技馆和实行政府定价、政府指导价的景区的优待。 </p><p>在本市范围内，献全血累计达到20次以上或者献血次数（含<a href="/wiki/%E6%88%90%E5%88%86%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80" class="mw-redirect" title="成分献血">成分献血</a>）累计达到30次以上的无偿献血者，献血志愿服务累计时间达到600小时以上的志愿者，发给《无偿献血优待证（B）》，除（C）证所获优待外，给予以下优待：（一）到公立医疗机构就诊的，享受优先就诊，免交普通门诊诊查费；（二）符合条件的可以按照规定优先入住市、区公办养老机构。 </p><p>在本市范围内，献全血累计达到30次以上或者献血次数（含<a href="/wiki/%E6%88%90%E5%88%86%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80" class="mw-redirect" title="成分献血">成分献血</a>）累计达到40次以上的无偿献血者，献血志愿服务累计时间达到3000小时以上的志愿者，发给《无偿献血优待证（A）》，除（B）（C）证所获优待外，给予以下优待：（一）免费乘坐市内线路的公共汽（电）车、过江渡轮和城市轨道交通等公共交通工具；（二）对符合条件的<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%B5%E6%B4%BB%E5%B0%B1%E4%B8%9A" title="灵活就业">灵活就业</a>人员按照规定给予社保补贴；（三）同等条件下优先提供就业岗位，优先推荐就业，优先保障子女入托、入学。 </p><p>其中献全血200毫升按1次、400毫升按2次计算献血次数；成分血每一个治疗单位按1次计算。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="浙江省"><span id=".E6.B5.99.E6.B1.9F.E7.9C.81"></span>浙江省</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80&action=edit&section=23" title="编辑章节：浙江省"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>根据《浙江省实施〈中华人民共和国献血法〉办法》<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，为<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%99%E6%B1%9F%E7%9C%81" title="浙江省">浙江省</a>内获得全国无偿献血荣誉奉献奖的献血者颁发《浙江省无偿献血荣誉证》，凭荣誉证可在浙江省内免费乘坐公交地铁、免费游览政府指定的公园、门诊免诊疗费。简称“三免”。<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="江苏省"><span id=".E6.B1.9F.E8.8B.8F.E7.9C.81"></span>江苏省</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80&action=edit&section=24" title="编辑章节：江苏省"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>《江苏省献血条例》规定2017年9月1日起在本省获得国家无偿献血奉献奖、无偿捐献造血干细胞奖、无偿献血志愿服务终身荣誉奖的个人，可以凭相关证件免费游览政府投资主办的公园、旅游风景区等场所，到政府举办的医疗机构就诊免交普通门诊诊察费，免费乘坐城市公共交通工具。（简称“三免”待遇）。 <sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="南宁市"><span id=".E5.8D.97.E5.AE.81.E5.B8.82"></span>南宁市</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80&action=edit&section=25" title="编辑章节：南宁市"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>2017年5月，《南宁市无偿献血奖励办法》规定：“三星级献血之星”奖项及以上的获奖者（无偿献血累计达8000毫升及以上）、“五星级无偿献血志愿者”奖项的获奖者（无偿献血志愿服务累计时间达到600小时以上）、无偿献血志愿服务终身荣誉奖奖项的获奖者和无偿献血终身成就奖奖项的获奖者，可免政府投资的市管公园、A级旅游景区等场所的门票，到市属及各县(区)公立医疗机构就诊免交诊查费，免费乘坐城市公共交通工具。<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>2018年3月1日，广西南宁市启用无偿献血荣誉卡，便于有关获奖者享受上述“三免”福利政策。<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="合肥市"><span id=".E5.90.88.E8.82.A5.E5.B8.82"></span>合肥市</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80&action=edit&section=26" title="编辑章节：合肥市"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>2021年3月31日，合肥市正式发布通知，符合条件的无偿献血者可以办理合肥市无偿献血荣誉证。从5月1日起，在合肥市参加无偿献血、无偿献血志愿服务或捐献造血干细胞（包括华侨、港澳台同胞及外籍在华人员），符合下列条件之一的个人： </p><p>（一）在合肥市献血10次以上的献血者；（二）在合肥市献血20次以上，荣获国家无偿献血奉献奖的献血者；（三）在合肥市无偿献血志愿服务时间超过十年且累计时间超过1500小时、或累计时间超过3000小时，荣获国家无偿献血志愿服务终身荣誉奖的志愿者；（四）在合肥市成功捐献造血干细胞并荣获国家无偿捐献造血干细胞奖个人。 </p><p>符合上述奖励范围中第（一）项的个人可审核办理《合肥市无偿献血荣誉证（爱心卡）》，可享受以下优待： 1.免费乘坐公交车辆。 2.免费游览公园景点。 3.免费停车：免费在政府投资的公共停车场和路内停车位每天停放一次，停放时间不超过两小时。 </p><p>符合（二）（三）（四）中任意一项的个人可审核办理《合肥市无偿献血荣誉证（光荣卡）》，可享受以下优待： 1.免费乘坐公交车辆。 2.免费乘坐合肥轨道交通。 3.免费游览公园景点。 4. 免费停车：免费在政府投资的公共停车场和路内停车位每天停放一次，停放时间不超过两小时。 5.免交市属医院、县医院、县中医院普通门诊诊察费。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="香港_2"><span id=".E9.A6.99.E6.B8.AF_2"></span>香港</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80&action=edit&section=27" title="编辑章节：香港"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:HK_RedCrossTsuenWanDonateCentre.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/HK_RedCrossTsuenWanDonateCentre.jpg/200px-HK_RedCrossTsuenWanDonateCentre.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="267" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/HK_RedCrossTsuenWanDonateCentre.jpg/300px-HK_RedCrossTsuenWanDonateCentre.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/HK_RedCrossTsuenWanDonateCentre.jpg/400px-HK_RedCrossTsuenWanDonateCentre.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1600" /></a><figcaption>香港紅十字會荃灣捐血站</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF%E7%B4%85%E5%8D%81%E5%AD%97%E6%9C%83%E8%BC%B8%E8%A1%80%E6%9C%8D%E5%8B%99%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83" title="香港紅十字會輸血服務中心">香港紅十字會</a>自1952年起推動沒有報酬的自願捐血活動，一直是香港唯一提供血液予<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF%E9%86%AB%E9%99%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="香港醫院">香港醫院</a>病人使用的機構。紅十字會輸血服務中心由1991年12月起歸納於<a href="/wiki/%E9%86%AB%E9%99%A2%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86%E5%B1%80" title="醫院管理局">醫院管理局</a>管轄。由於血液沒有替代品，血液的來源有賴社會人士的自願及無償捐贈。 </p><p>市民可前往捐血站、流動捐血車或流動捐血隊捐贈血液。為提供足夠及安全的血液供醫療之用，每天必須有足夠市民來捐血，故此招募捐血者是紅十字會輸血服務中心工作重點之一。招募科職員會定期聯絡政府部門、學校、公共事務機構、私營公司及各大社團安排捐血活動。 </p><p>所有收集回來的血液都經過一系列化驗，以確保受血者的安全。中心每年平均分發超過三十多萬單位全血及血液成份予全港醫院病人使用。 </p><p>透過定期的公民教育及宣傳活動，以提高<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%AC%E7%9C%BE%E4%BA%BA%E5%A3%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="公眾人士（页面不存在）">公眾人士</a>對血液的認識及了解其重要性，從而鼓勵更多市民加入捐血行列，並成為定期捐血者。 </p><p>捐血前，先要填妥一份表格，以便中心把每一位捐血人士的最新個人資料詳細記錄在電腦系統內。中心職員會為捐血者磅重，並透過一些篩選程序，查詢捐血者的健康狀況。然後會為捐血者量血壓。如捐血者要求，捐血人士可选择捐血前在入針部位注射少許麻醉藥，使捐血時沒有痛苦的感覺。捐血過程大約是七至十分鐘，而每次捐血份量大約是350至450<a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%AB%E5%8D%87" title="毫升">毫升</a>。捐血後有飲品和小食招待，以補充失去的水份。捐血者在休息五至十分鐘後便可離開。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="澳門_2"><span id=".E6.BE.B3.E9.96.80_2"></span>澳門</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80&action=edit&section=28" title="编辑章节：澳門"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83732082">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox td div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox td div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox td div.NavHead:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox td div.NavHead:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background:#E3E3E3; font-size:100%;">捐血中心<br /><span lang="pt">Centro de Transfusões de Sangue</span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="background:#E3E3E3; font-size:100%;"><b><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Flag_of_Macau.svg/22px-Flag_of_Macau.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Flag_of_Macau.svg/33px-Flag_of_Macau.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Flag_of_Macau.svg/44px-Flag_of_Macau.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E6%BE%B3%E9%96%80" title="澳門">澳門特別行政區</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%BE%B3%E9%96%80%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8D%80%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C" title="澳門特別行政區政府">政府機構</a></b></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#005743; color:white;;">部門資訊</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:center; vetical-align:middle; white-space:nowrap;;">成立年份</th><td class="infobox-data" style="">1998年</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:center; vetical-align:middle; white-space:nowrap;;">所屬部門</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%9B%E7%94%9F%E5%B1%80_(%E6%BE%B3%E9%96%80)" title="衛生局 (澳門)">衛生局</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:center; vetical-align:middle; white-space:nowrap;;">總部</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Flag_of_Macau.svg/22px-Flag_of_Macau.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Flag_of_Macau.svg/33px-Flag_of_Macau.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Flag_of_Macau.svg/44px-Flag_of_Macau.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E6%BE%B3%E9%96%80" title="澳門">澳門</a>新口岸宋玉生廣場335號至341號獲多利中心2樓</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#005743; color:white;;">聯絡資訊</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:center; vetical-align:middle; white-space:nowrap;;">網站</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.ssm.gov.mo/cts/">http://www.ssm.gov.mo/cts/</a> www.ssm.gov.mo/cts/</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>捐血中心成立於1988年，是澳門特別行政區政府衛生局屬下其中一個廳級部門，也是澳門唯一提供血液、血液成分及輸血服務的機構。運作經費完全由澳門政府承擔，並免費供應血液成分給本澳醫院所有有需要的病人。捐血中心所提供的血液和血液成分的質量控制是按歐洲輸血委員會的標準進行的。 </p><p>捐血中心是通過以下五個步驟來保障血液的安全： </p> <ol><li>嚴格篩選捐血者：捐血中心根據歐洲輸血委員會和美國血庫協會的標準，結合本地的流行病學特點制定捐血者篩選的條件，並定期對有關指引進行更新。</li> <li>捐血者自我排除機制：每位捐血者每次捐血前都需填寫捐血者“健康問卷”，讓捐血者可初步自我篩查自身的健康狀況；捐血後亦會獲發“捐血後須知”，讓捐血者知道如捐血後出現發熱伴頭痛、咳嗽、腹瀉或肌肉酸痛等症狀及因任何理由懷疑自己捐出的血液不適合輸給病人時，如何聯絡捐血中心進行良心回電。</li> <li>捐血前醫生的諮詢和體檢：每一位捐血者捐血前都會由捐血中心的醫生對其進行簡單的體檢和諮詢，當捐血者遇到健康上的問題，醫生會給予適當的健康指引，必要時作出治療和跟進。</li> <li>化驗室的血液檢驗： <ol><li>每一包血液都必須經過七項檢驗，其中四項檢驗項目是檢驗傳染病，包括：肝炎（乙型和丙型）、梅毒和愛滋病，而首次捐血者還會加驗人類T淋巴細胞白血病病毒(引致白血病的有關病毒)。</li> <li>採用核酸檢驗技術(NAT)檢測乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)、丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)及人類免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)，縮短了病毒檢測的空窗期。</li></ol></li> <li>完善的捐血者資料系統：1999年開始捐血中心就引入電腦系統管理工作，所有捐血者的捐血記錄都會被輸入電腦系統作儲存和備份。</li></ol> <p>所有收集血液的用具都是採用已消毒及一次性用完即棄的，捐血者不易感染到傳染性疾病。 </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83131740">@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery{width:100%!important}}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery{display:table}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-default{background:transparent;margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-center{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-left{float:left}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-right{float:right}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-none{float:none}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-collapsible{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .title,.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .main,.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .footer{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .title>div{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0 0.6em 1.6em;text-align:center;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .main>div{display:table-cell}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .gallery{line-height:1.35em}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .footer>div{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0 0.6em 1.6em;text-align:right;font-size:80%;line-height:1em}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .title>div *,.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .footer>div *{overflow:visible}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .gallerybox img{background:none!important}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .bordered-images .thumb img{border:solid #eaecf0 1px}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .whitebg .thumb{background:var(--background-color-base,#fff)!important}</style><div class="mod-gallery mod-gallery-default mod-gallery-center"><div class="main"><div><ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional nochecker bordered-images whitebg"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Macau_Blood_Donation_Center.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="澳門捐血中心"><img alt="澳門捐血中心" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Macau_Blood_Donation_Center.jpg/200px-Macau_Blood_Donation_Center.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Macau_Blood_Donation_Center.jpg/300px-Macau_Blood_Donation_Center.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Macau_Blood_Donation_Center.jpg/400px-Macau_Blood_Donation_Center.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">澳門捐血中心</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Macau_Blood_Donation_Bus.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="流動捐血站"><img alt="流動捐血站" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Macau_Blood_Donation_Bus.jpg/200px-Macau_Blood_Donation_Bus.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Macau_Blood_Donation_Bus.jpg/300px-Macau_Blood_Donation_Bus.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Macau_Blood_Donation_Bus.jpg/400px-Macau_Blood_Donation_Bus.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1792" data-file-height="1344" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">流動捐血站</div> </li> </ul></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="台灣_2"><span id=".E5.8F.B0.E7.81.A3_2"></span>台灣</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80&action=edit&section=29" title="编辑章节：台灣"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:TBSF_blood_donation_bus_in_front_of_TRA_Rueifang_Station_20070221.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/TBSF_blood_donation_bus_in_front_of_TRA_Rueifang_Station_20070221.jpg/220px-TBSF_blood_donation_bus_in_front_of_TRA_Rueifang_Station_20070221.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/TBSF_blood_donation_bus_in_front_of_TRA_Rueifang_Station_20070221.jpg/330px-TBSF_blood_donation_bus_in_front_of_TRA_Rueifang_Station_20070221.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/TBSF_blood_donation_bus_in_front_of_TRA_Rueifang_Station_20070221.jpg/440px-TBSF_blood_donation_bus_in_front_of_TRA_Rueifang_Station_20070221.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>新北市瑞芳車站前的捐血車</figcaption></figure> <p>捐血由<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B0%E7%81%A3%E8%A1%80%E6%B6%B2%E5%9F%BA%E9%87%91%E6%9C%83" title="台灣血液基金會">醫療財團法人台灣血液基金會</a>負責，主要有<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%BA%E5%8C%97%E5%B8%82" title="臺北市">台北</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E7%AB%B9%E7%B8%A3" title="新竹縣">新竹</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%BA%E4%B8%AD%E5%B8%82" title="臺中市">台中</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%BA%E5%8D%97%E5%B8%82" title="臺南市">台南</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E9%9B%84%E5%B8%82" title="高雄市">高雄</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%8A%B1%E8%93%AE%E7%B8%A3" title="花蓮縣">花蓮</a>六個捐血中心。為了提倡捐血，許多團體都會舉辦一些活動來吸引大家參與。在台灣的網路社群中，<a href="/wiki/%E6%89%B9%E8%B8%A2%E8%B8%A2" title="批踢踢">批踢踢</a>BBS站即有「捐血換P幣」的長期活動，原本只是一項與台大號捐血車合作，臨時號召<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B0%E7%81%A3%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="台灣大學">台大</a>學生捐血的網路活動，但是因為此BBS站的使用者來自台灣各地，在大家的推動下，變成一個全台、長期性的捐血活動，站方更成立看版，方便大家參與這項活動。 </p><p>在捐血前，捐血單位會先做必要的調查，必須出示身份證明（如<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B%E5%9C%8B%E6%B0%91%E8%BA%AB%E5%88%86%E8%AD%89" title="中華民國國民身分證">身分證</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%A7%95%E9%A7%9B%E5%9F%B7%E7%85%A7" title="駕駛執照">駕駛執照</a>等有照片及身分證統一編號的證件），測量<a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%94%E9%87%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="體重">體重</a>，並填寫身高、病史、用藥狀況、最近一次用餐時間和個人資料。接著測量<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%80%E7%B4%85%E7%B4%A0" class="mw-disambig" title="血紅素">血紅素</a>的比重，測量方式是在手指上扎一針，滴入血液在硫酸銅溶液中，依血液下沉的情形判斷是否適合捐血。捐血時，護理人員會安排捐贈者放鬆躺於躺椅上，並開始收集血液，過程約15至20分鐘，不同捐贈者血流速度不同，所需時間也不同。結束後，護理人員會以消毒棉花和<a href="/wiki/%E6%A9%A1%E7%9A%AE%E8%86%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="橡皮膏">透氣膠帶</a>包紮傷口，並協助捐血者於休息區休息片刻，捐血站多會提供<a href="/wiki/%E7%89%9B%E5%A5%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="牛奶">牛奶</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%A4%85%E4%B9%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="餅乾">餅乾</a>等食物供捐血者補充營養。 </p><p>除了捐贈的血液外，護理人員會保留兩管血液作為檢驗，檢驗內容包括EIA病毒檢驗、生化檢驗、<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%80%E5%9E%8B" title="血型">血型</a>檢驗及<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%82%9D%E7%82%8E%E7%97%85%E6%AF%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="肝炎病毒（页面不存在）">肝炎病毒</a>、<a href="/wiki/HIV" class="mw-redirect" title="HIV">HIV</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%A2%85%E6%AF%92" title="梅毒">梅毒</a>血清檢驗，捐血者可在一星期內接到<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90%E9%83%B5%E4%BB%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="電子郵件">電子郵件</a>或書面的檢驗報告（為防止被用來檢驗愛滋病造成受血人危險，報告中不告知是否感染HIV病毒）。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="马来西亚"><span id=".E9.A9.AC.E6.9D.A5.E8.A5.BF.E4.BA.9A"></span>马来西亚</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80&action=edit&section=30" title="编辑章节：马来西亚"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%8D%AB%E7%94%9F%E9%83%A8" title="马来西亚卫生部">马来西亚卫生部</a>设有<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E8%A1%80%E6%B6%B2%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83" title="国家血液中心">国家血液中心</a>，供人民上门献血<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="世界献血者日"><span id=".E4.B8.96.E7.95.8C.E7.8C.AE.E8.A1.80.E8.80.85.E6.97.A5"></span>世界献血者日</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80&action=edit&section=31" title="编辑章节：世界献血者日"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>2004年<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E5%8D%AB%E7%94%9F%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87" title="世界卫生组织">世界卫生组织</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A2%E5%8D%81%E5%AD%97%E4%BC%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="红十字会">红十字会</a>与<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BA%A2%E6%96%B0%E6%9C%88%E4%BC%9A%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E4%BC%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="红新月会国际联合会（页面不存在）">红新月会国际联合会</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E4%BC%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="国际献血组织联合会（页面不存在）">国际献血组织联合会</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E8%BE%93%E8%A1%80%E5%8D%8F%E4%BC%9A" title="国际输血协会">国际输血协会</a>将2004年6月14日定为第一个世界献血者日，旨在“鼓励更多的人无偿献血，宣传和促进全球血液安全规划的实施”。<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參考資料"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.80.83.E8.B3.87.E6.96.99"></span>參考資料</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80&action=edit&section=32" title="编辑章节：參考資料"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-count references-column-count-2" style="-moz-column-count: 2; -webkit-column-count: 2; column-count: 2; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170225210058/http://www.fibdo.org/history-of-blood-donation.html">History of blood 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Blutspende SRK Schweiz. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2023-07-10</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230710185646/https://www.blutspende.ch/de/spenderinfos/faq-blutspende">存档</a>于2023-07-10） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到德语网页">（德语）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80&rft.atitle=Fragen+zur+Blutspende&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Blutspende+SRK+Schweiz&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.blutspende.ch%2Fde%2Fspenderinfos%2Ffaq-blutspende&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.blood.co.uk/the-donation-process/what-happens-on-the-day/">What happens on the day</a>. NHS Blood Donation. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2022-12-19</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230519081653/https://www.blood.co.uk/the-donation-process/what-happens-on-the-day/">存档</a>于2023-05-19） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到英语网页">（英语）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80&rft.atitle=What+happens+on+the+day&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NHS+Blood+Donation&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.blood.co.uk%2Fthe-donation-process%2Fwhat-happens-on-the-day%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lifeblood.com.au/blood/learn-about-blood/why-donate-blood">Why donate blood | Lifeblood</a>. www.lifeblood.com.au. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2022-12-19</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230801184046/https://www.lifeblood.com.au/blood/learn-about-blood/why-donate-blood">存档</a>于2023-08-01） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到英语网页">（英语）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80&rft.atitle=Why+donate+blood+%7C+Lifeblood&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.lifeblood.com.au&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lifeblood.com.au%2Fblood%2Flearn-about-blood%2Fwhy-donate-blood&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aabb.org/for-donors-patients/faqs-about-blood-and-blood-donation">FAQs About Blood and Blood Donation</a>. Default. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2021-02-19</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210416040859/https://www.aabb.org/for-donors-patients/faqs-about-blood-and-blood-donation">存档</a>于2021-04-16） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到英语网页">（英语）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80&rft.atitle=FAQs+About+Blood+and+Blood+Donation&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Default&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aabb.org%2Ffor-donors-patients%2Ffaqs-about-blood-and-blood-donation&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Cabrerizo M, Bartolomé J, De Sequera P, Caramelo C, Carreño V. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jasn.asnjournals.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=9294837">Hepatitis B virus DNA in serum and blood cells of hepatitis B surface antigen-negative hemodialysis patients and staff.</a>. J Am Soc Nephrol. 1997 Sep, <b>8</b> (9): 1443–7. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9294837"><span title="公共医学识别码">PMID 9294837</span></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80&rft.atitle=Hepatitis+B+virus+DNA+in+serum+and+blood+cells+of+hepatitis+B+surface+antigen-negative+hemodialysis+patients+and+staff.&rft.au=Cabrerizo+M%2C+Bartolom%C3%A9+J%2C+De+Sequera+P%2C+Caramelo+C%2C+Carre%C3%B1o+V.&rft.chron=1997+Sep&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=9&rft.jtitle=J+Am+Soc+Nephrol.&rft.pages=1443-7&rft.volume=8&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjasn.asnjournals.org%2Fcgi%2Fpmidlookup%3Fview%3Dlong%26pmid%3D9294837&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F9294837&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">请检查<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|date=</code>中的日期值 (<a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%BC%95%E6%96%87%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F1%E9%94%99%E8%AF%AF#bad_date" title="Help:引文格式1错误">帮助</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">María Cabrerizo1, Javier Bartolomé1, Carlos Caramelo, Guillermina Barril, Vicente Carreño M.D. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1053/jhep.2000.8541/abstract">Molecular analysis of hepatitis B virus DNA in serum and peripheral blood mononuclear cells from hepatitis B surface antigen–negative cases</a>. Hepatology. July 2000, <b>32</b> (1): 116–123 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2014-05-06</span>]</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1053%2Fjhep.2000.8541"><span title="數位物件識別號">doi:10.1053/jhep.2000.8541</span></a>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150715220725/http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1053/jhep.2000.8541/abstract">存档</a>于2015-07-15）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80&rft.atitle=Molecular+analysis+of+hepatitis+B+virus+DNA+in+serum+and+peripheral+blood+mononuclear+cells+from+hepatitis+B+surface+antigen%E2%80%93negative+cases&rft.au=Mar%C3%ADa+Cabrerizo1%2C+Javier+Bartolom%C3%A91%2C+Carlos+Caramelo%2C+Guillermina+Barril%2C+Vicente+Carre%C3%B1o+M.D.&rft.date=2000-07&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=1&rft.jtitle=Hepatology&rft.pages=116-123&rft.volume=32&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fonlinelibrary.wiley.com%2Fdoi%2F10.1053%2Fjhep.2000.8541%2Fabstract&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1053%2Fjhep.2000.8541&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-空窗期-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-空窗期_31-0"><sup><b>31.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-空窗期_31-1"><sup><b>31.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.ltn.com.tw/news/life/paper/470661">首宗起訴愛滋男空窗期捐血釀禍</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2014-12-29</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190526153420/https://news.ltn.com.tw/news/life/paper/470661">存档</a>于2019-05-26）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80&rft.btitle=%E9%A6%96%E5%AE%97%E8%B5%B7%E8%A8%B4+%E6%84%9B%E6%BB%8B%E7%94%B7%E7%A9%BA%E7%AA%97%E6%9C%9F%E6%8D%90%E8%A1%80%E9%87%80%E7%A6%8D&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.ltn.com.tw%2Fnews%2Flife%2Fpaper%2F470661&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_32-0"><sup><b>32.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_32-1"><sup><b>32.1</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_32-2"><sup><b>32.2</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E6%A0%87%E5%87%86" title="中华人民共和国国家标准">GB</a> 18467-2011：献血者健康检查要求．2012年7月1日公布，2012年7月1日实施．中华人民共和国卫生部、中国国家标准化管理委员会．</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#.E6.BE.B3.E9.96.80_2">澳门献血中心对血液安全的保障</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.youth.cn/YouthVision/153/index.htm">帮助“毛毛”,我们能为输血误染做什么？</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20160407081555/http://news.youth.cn/YouthVision/153/index.htm">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>），因输血导致感染艾滋病近年个案不少</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cdc.gov.tw/uploads/files/96e3c5a3-0594-4e41-8dec-8b52fac26fd2.pdf">個案通報及後續處理</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. 衛生福利部疾病管制署. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2018-01-23</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180123190437/http://www.cdc.gov.tw/uploads/files/96e3c5a3-0594-4e41-8dec-8b52fac26fd2.pdf">存档</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>于2018-01-23）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80&rft.atitle=%E5%80%8B%E6%A1%88%E9%80%9A%E5%A0%B1%E5%8F%8A%E5%BE%8C%E7%BA%8C%E8%99%95%E7%90%86&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%E8%A1%9B%E7%94%9F%E7%A6%8F%E5%88%A9%E9%83%A8%E7%96%BE%E7%97%85%E7%AE%A1%E5%88%B6%E7%BD%B2&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov.tw%2Fuploads%2Ffiles%2F96e3c5a3-0594-4e41-8dec-8b52fac26fd2.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid15302196-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pmid15302196_36-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Peden AH, Head MW, Ritchie DL, Bell JE, Ironside JW. Preclinical vCJD after blood transfusion in a PRNP codon 129 heterozygous patient. The Lancet. 2004, <b>364</b> (9433): 527–9. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15302196"><span title="公共医学识别码">PMID 15302196</span></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0140-6736%2804%2916811-6"><span title="數位物件識別號">doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(04)16811-6</span></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80&rft.atitle=Preclinical+vCJD+after+blood+transfusion+in+a+PRNP+codon+129+heterozygous+patient&rft.au=Bell%2C+JE&rft.au=Head%2C+MW&rft.au=Ironside%2C+JW&rft.au=Ritchie%2C+DL&rft.aufirst=AH&rft.aulast=Peden&rft.date=2004&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=9433&rft.jtitle=The+Lancet&rft.pages=527-9&rft.volume=364&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2FS0140-6736%2804%2916811-6&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F15302196&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Edgeworth, JA; Farmer, M; Sicilia, A; Tavares, P; Beck, J; Campbell, T; Lowe, J; Mead, S; Rudge, P; Collinge, J; Jackson, GS. Detection of prion infection in variant Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease: a blood-based assay. The Lancet. Feb 5, 2011, <b>377</b> (9764): 487–93. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21295339"><span title="公共医学识别码">PMID 21295339</span></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0140-6736%2810%2962308-2"><span title="數位物件識別號">doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(10)62308-2</span></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80&rft.atitle=Detection+of+prion+infection+in+variant+Creutzfeldt%E2%80%93Jakob+disease%3A+a+blood-based+assay&rft.au=Beck%2C+J&rft.au=Campbell%2C+T&rft.au=Collinge%2C+J&rft.au=Farmer%2C+M&rft.au=Jackson%2C+GS&rft.au=Lowe%2C+J&rft.au=Mead%2C+S&rft.au=Rudge%2C+P&rft.au=Sicilia%2C+A&rft.au=Tavares%2C+P&rft.aufirst=JA&rft.aulast=Edgeworth&rft.date=2011-02-05&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=9764&rft.jtitle=The+Lancet&rft.pages=487-93&rft.volume=377&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2FS0140-6736%2810%2962308-2&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F21295339&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-24525584">Estimate doubled for vCJD carriers in UK</a>. BBC News. 2013-10-15 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2018-11-29</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140210114617/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-24525584">存档</a>于2014-02-10）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80&rft.atitle=Estimate+doubled+for+vCJD+carriers+in+UK&rft.date=2013-10-15&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fhealth-24525584&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">作者. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.blood.org.tw/Internet/main/docDetail.aspx?uid=6539&pid=6387&docid=23915">捐血注意事項</a>. 出版者. 原文發表日期 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [查閱日期]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220820141428/https://www.blood.org.tw/Internet/main/docDetail.aspx?uid=6539&pid=6387&docid=23915">存档</a>于2022-08-20） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到語言网页">（語言）</span>. <q>引用的相關原文</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80&rft.au=%E4%BD%9C%E8%80%85&rft.btitle=%E6%8D%90%E8%A1%80%E6%B3%A8%E6%84%8F%E4%BA%8B%E9%A0%85&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E8%80%85&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.blood.org.tw%2FInternet%2Fmain%2FdocDetail.aspx%3Fuid%3D6539%26pid%3D6387%26docid%3D23915&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">请检查<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|access-date=, |date=</code>中的日期值 (<a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%BC%95%E6%96%87%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F1%E9%94%99%E8%AF%AF#bad_date" title="Help:引文格式1错误">帮助</a>)</span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33"> 引文格式1维护：未识别语文类型 (<a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%BC%95%E6%96%87%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F1%E7%BB%B4%E6%8A%A4%EF%BC%9A%E6%9C%AA%E8%AF%86%E5%88%AB%E8%AF%AD%E6%96%87%E7%B1%BB%E5%9E%8B" title="Category:引文格式1维护：未识别语文类型">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">作者. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.blood.org.tw/Internet/main/docDetail.aspx?uid=6383&pid=9&docid=43908">捐血後的小叮嚀</a>. 台灣血液基金會. 原文發表日期 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [查閱日期]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220820141422/https://www.blood.org.tw/Internet/main/docDetail.aspx?uid=6383&pid=9&docid=43908">存档</a>于2022-08-20） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到語言网页">（語言）</span>. <q>引用的相關原文</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80&rft.au=%E4%BD%9C%E8%80%85&rft.btitle=%E6%8D%90%E8%A1%80%E5%BE%8C%E7%9A%84%E5%B0%8F%E5%8F%AE%E5%9A%80&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=%E5%8F%B0%E7%81%A3%E8%A1%80%E6%B6%B2%E5%9F%BA%E9%87%91%E6%9C%83&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.blood.org.tw%2FInternet%2Fmain%2FdocDetail.aspx%3Fuid%3D6383%26pid%3D9%26docid%3D43908&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">请检查<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|access-date=, |date=</code>中的日期值 (<a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%BC%95%E6%96%87%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F1%E9%94%99%E8%AF%AF#bad_date" title="Help:引文格式1错误">帮助</a>)</span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33"> 引文格式1维护：未识别语文类型 (<a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%BC%95%E6%96%87%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F1%E7%BB%B4%E6%8A%A4%EF%BC%9A%E6%9C%AA%E8%AF%86%E5%88%AB%E8%AF%AD%E6%96%87%E7%B1%BB%E5%9E%8B" title="Category:引文格式1维护：未识别语文类型">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.njrcbc.org.cn/data/article/attach/1581459321723253437.pdf">《献血体检登记表》和《献血者知情同意及健康状况征询表》</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120712181509/http://news.163.com/12/0709/23/860QBJ920001124J.html">卫生部解除女同性恋者献血禁令</a>. 网易新闻. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2012-07-10</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.163.com/12/0709/23/860QBJ920001124J.html">原始内容</a>存档于2012-07-12） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到中文（中国大陆）网页">（中文（中国大陆））</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80&rft.atitle=%E5%8D%AB%E7%94%9F%E9%83%A8%E8%A7%A3%E9%99%A4%E5%A5%B3%E5%90%8C%E6%80%A7%E6%81%8B%E8%80%85%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80%E7%A6%81%E4%BB%A4&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=%E7%BD%91%E6%98%93%E6%96%B0%E9%97%BB&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.163.com%2F12%2F0709%2F23%2F860QBJ920001124J.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Canadian Blood Services. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bloodservices.ca/centreapps/internet/uw_v502_mainengine.nsf/page/E_Can_I_Donate">Basic Eligibility</a>. Canadian Blood Services. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2012-07-30</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150119084413/http://www.bloodservices.ca/centreapps/internet/uw_v502_mainengine.nsf/page/E_Can_I_Donate">存档</a>于2015-01-19）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80&rft.au=Canadian+Blood+Services&rft.btitle=Basic+Eligibility&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Canadian+Blood+Services&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloodservices.ca%2Fcentreapps%2Finternet%2Fuw_v502_mainengine.nsf%2Fpage%2FE_Can_I_Donate&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Canadian Blood Services. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140407065729/http://www.blood.ca/CentreApps/Internet/UW_V502_MainEngine.nsf/9749ca80b75a038585256aa20060d703/5b44f94d6a1a542585256ab0005d7c5d?OpenDocument#12">Donor FAQs, question 12</a>. Canadian Blood Services. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2012-07-30</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.blood.ca/CentreApps/Internet/UW_V502_MainEngine.nsf/9749ca80b75a038585256aa20060d703/5b44f94d6a1a542585256ab0005d7c5d?OpenDocument#12">原始内容</a>存档于2014-04-07）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80&rft.au=Canadian+Blood+Services&rft.btitle=Donor+FAQs%2C+question+12&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Canadian+Blood+Services&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blood.ca%2FCentreApps%2FInternet%2FUW_V502_MainEngine.nsf%2F9749ca80b75a038585256aa20060d703%2F5b44f94d6a1a542585256ab0005d7c5d%3FOpenDocument%2312&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Canadian Blood Services. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130523224922/http://www.bloodservices.ca/CentreApps/Internet/UW_V502_MainEngine.nsf/resources/Procedures/$file/letter_to_attending_physician.pdf">Letter to the Attending Physician</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. 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title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80&rft.btitle=%E9%A9%AC%E8%8B%B1%E4%B9%9D%E8%BF%84%E4%BB%8A%E6%8D%90%E8%A1%80178%E8%A2%8B+%E6%88%8F%E7%A7%B0%E8%87%AA%E5%B7%B1%E6%98%AF%E4%B8%80%E5%8C%B9%E2%80%9C%E8%A1%80%E9%A9%AC%E2%80%9D&rft.date=2008-07-23&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E6%96%B0%E9%97%BB%E7%BD%91&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chinanews.com%2Ftw%2Ftwyw%2Fnews%2F2008%2F07-23%2F1322087.shtml&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ssm.gov.mo/cts1/center.php">澳門捐血中心官网</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2021-02-19</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170226050212/http://www.ssm.gov.mo/cts1/center.php">存档</a>于2017-02-26） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到中文（澳門）网页">（中文（澳門））</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80&rft.btitle=%E6%BE%B3%E9%96%80%E6%8D%90%E8%A1%80%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83%E5%AE%98%E7%BD%91&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ssm.gov.mo%2Fcts1%2Fcenter.php&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ssm.gov.mo/cts1/statistics/info.php">網頁更新2015--捐血中心統計數字</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BE%B3%E9%97%A8%E6%8D%90%E8%A1%80%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="澳门捐血中心（页面不存在）">澳门捐血中心</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2021-02-19</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170226045737/http://www.ssm.gov.mo/cts1/statistics/info.php">存档</a>于2017-02-26） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到中文（澳門）网页">（中文（澳門））</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80&rft.btitle=%E7%B6%B2%E9%A0%81%E6%9B%B4%E6%96%B02015--%E6%8D%90%E8%A1%80%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83%E7%B5%B1%E8%A8%88%E6%95%B8%E5%AD%97&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=%E6%BE%B3%E9%97%A8%E6%8D%90%E8%A1%80%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ssm.gov.mo%2Fcts1%2Fstatistics%2Finfo.php&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.xinhuanet.com/politics/2020-06/14/c_1126113358.htm">献血证“安家”互联网全国电子无偿献血证正式启用</a>. <a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%8D%8E%E7%BD%91" title="新华网">新华网</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2021-11-07</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210613160056/http://www.xinhuanet.com/politics/2020-06/14/c_1126113358.htm">存档</a>于2021-06-13） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到中文（中国大陆）网页">（中文（中国大陆））</span>.</cite><span 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title="自2018年3月失效">永久失效連結</span></a>]</span></sup>，wsj.sh.gov.cn，查询日期 2010-01-07。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gz.gov.cn/zwgk/fggw/zfgz/content/post_7104293.html">广州市献血管理规定</a>. 广州市人民政府. 2021-02-23 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2021-02-23</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211019235512/http://www.gz.gov.cn/zwgk/fggw/zfgz/content/post_7104293.html">存档</a>于2021-10-19） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到中文网页">（中文）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80&rft.btitle=%E5%B9%BF%E5%B7%9E%E5%B8%82%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86%E8%A7%84%E5%AE%9A&rft.date=2021-02-23&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=%E5%B9%BF%E5%B7%9E%E5%B8%82%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gz.gov.cn%2Fzwgk%2Ffggw%2Fzfgz%2Fcontent%2Fpost_7104293.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.163.com/dy/article/G9EAR7LE0527BOJ0.html">重大好消息！本月起，这些人在广州可免费搭乘公交地铁！</a>. 广州交通电台. 2021-05-07 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2021-10-18</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211019133425/https://www.163.com/dy/article/G9EAR7LE0527BOJ0.html">存档</a>于2021-10-19） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到中文（中国大陆）网页">（中文（中国大陆））</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80&rft.btitle=%E9%87%8D%E5%A4%A7%E5%A5%BD%E6%B6%88%E6%81%AF%EF%BC%81%E6%9C%AC%E6%9C%88%E8%B5%B7%EF%BC%8C%E8%BF%99%E4%BA%9B%E4%BA%BA%E5%9C%A8%E5%B9%BF%E5%B7%9E%E5%8F%AF%E5%85%8D%E8%B4%B9%E6%90%AD%E4%B9%98%E5%85%AC%E4%BA%A4%E5%9C%B0%E9%93%81%EF%BC%81&rft.date=2021-05-07&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=%E5%B9%BF%E5%B7%9E%E4%BA%A4%E9%80%9A%E7%94%B5%E5%8F%B0&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.163.com%2Fdy%2Farticle%2FG9EAR7LE0527BOJ0.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span 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title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80&rft.btitle=%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8E%E8%B4%AF%E5%BD%BB%E8%90%BD%E5%AE%9E%E3%80%8A%E6%B1%9F%E8%8B%8F%E7%9C%81%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80%E6%9D%A1%E4%BE%8B%E3%80%8B%E2%80%9C%E4%B8%89%E5%85%8D%E2%80%9D%E5%BE%85%E9%81%87%E7%9B%B8%E5%85%B3%E6%9D%A1%E6%AC%BE%E7%9A%84%E9%80%9A%E7%9F%A5&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jsbt.org.cn%2Fhonor%2Findex.php%3Fs%3D%252Fhome%252Fpolicy%252Fdetail%252Fid%252F23.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nanning.gov.cn/zwgk/fdzdgknr/zcwj/zfwj/t756139.html">南宁市人民政府关于印发南宁市无偿献血奖励办法的通知</a>. 南宁市人民政府. 2017-05-15 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2021-11-14</span>]</span>. 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class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参见"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.A7.81"></span>参见</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80&action=edit&section=33" title="编辑章节：参见"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655521"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox" style="font-size:small;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655520"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="38" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/57px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/76px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E6%96%87%E5%BA%93" title="维基文库">维基文库</a>中的相关原始文献：<b><a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80%E6%B3%95" class="extiw" title="s:中华人民共和国献血法">中华人民共和国献血法</a></b></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%80%E6%B6%B2" title="血液">血液</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%80%E5%9E%8B" title="血型">血型</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%93%E8%A1%80" class="mw-redirect" title="输血">输血</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="外部連結"><span id=".E5.A4.96.E9.83.A8.E9.80.A3.E7.B5.90"></span>外部連結</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8C%AE%E8%A1%80&action=edit&section=34" title="编辑章节：外部連結"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060507151406/http://law.moj.gov.tw/fn/fn4.asp?id=33246">衛生署之捐血者健康標準</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.blood.org.tw">醫療財團法人台灣血液基金會</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20110625071035/http://www.blood.org.tw/">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ha.org.hk/rcbts">香港紅十字會輸血服務中心</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20210422172825/http://www.ha.org.hk/rcbts">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ssm.gov.mo/cts">澳門捐血中心</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20200803124208/http://www.ssm.gov.mo/cts">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.csbt.org.cn/uploads/soft/191011/2-191011162557.pdf">血站技术操作规程（2019版）</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output 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