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Enzyklopädie - Brockhaus.de
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Sans,Verdana;font-size:1.5rem;line-height:1.2;font-weight:600;}.uppslag{color:#4e6170;font-family:proxima-nova-condensed,DejaVu Sans,Verdana;font-size:1.5rem;line-height:1.2;font-weight:600;}.etym{color:rgba(37, 55, 70, 0.38);font-family:proxima-nova-condensed,DejaVu Sans,Verdana;font-size:1.5rem;line-height:1.2;font-weight:600;}.fon{color:#4e6170;font-family:Verdana;font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.668;font-weight:400;}.altnamn{color:#4e6170;font-family:proxima-nova-condensed,DejaVu Sans,Verdana;font-size:1.5rem;line-height:1.2;font-weight:600;font-style:italic;}.def::after{content:'';display:block;}</style><style data-emotion="css 1a35vog">.css-1a35vog{margin-bottom:48px;}@media (max-width:599.95px){.css-1a35vog{margin-bottom:16px;}}</style><style data-emotion="css 1t2qrjl">.css-1t2qrjl{margin-bottom:48px;}@media (max-width:599.95px){.css-1t2qrjl{margin-bottom:16px;}}</style><div class="MuiBox-root css-1t2qrjl"><p><span class="huvud"><span class="uppslag">Robinson</span> <span class="fon">[ˈrɔbɪnsn]</span>, Sir (seit 1939) <span class="uppslag">Robert</span>, britischer Chemiker, * bei Chesterfield 13. 9. 1886, † Great Missenden (bei London) 8. 2. 1975;</span></p></div></div><style data-emotion="css j7qwjs">.css-j7qwjs{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;}</style><div class="MuiBox-root css-j7qwjs">1912–15 Professor in Sydney, danach in Liverpool, Saint Andrews, Manchester, London sowie (1930–55) in Oxford. Robinson beschäftigte sich mit organischer Strukturchemie, erforschte u. a. biologisch wichtige Pflanzenstoffe, besonders Alkaloide (u. a. Morphin) und Blütenfarbstoffe, für die er auch Synthesen entwickelte; hierfür erhielt er 1947 den Nobelpreis für Chemie. 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rgba(0,0,0,0.12);overflow:hidden;width:600px;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;}</style><div class="MuiPaper-root MuiPaper-elevation MuiPaper-rounded MuiPaper-elevation1 MuiCard-root css-hh94pm"><style data-emotion="css faujvq">.css-faujvq{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;padding:16px;}</style><div class="MuiCardHeader-root css-faujvq"><style data-emotion="css 11qjisw">.css-11qjisw{-webkit-flex:1 1 auto;-ms-flex:1 1 auto;flex:1 1 auto;}</style><div class="MuiCardHeader-content css-11qjisw"><style data-emotion="css 8cs15b">.css-8cs15b{margin:0;font-family:proxima-nova-condensed,DejaVu Sans,Verdana;font-size:1.5rem;line-height:1.2;font-weight:600;display:block;}</style><span class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-h5 MuiCardHeader-title css-8cs15b">Kostenlos testen</span></div></div><style data-emotion="css 1ot2c21">.css-1ot2c21{width:100%;margin-bottom:24px;}</style><style data-emotion="css 1b0eilq">.css-1b0eilq{padding:16px;width:100%;margin-bottom:24px;}.css-1b0eilq:last-child{padding-bottom:24px;}</style><div class="MuiCardContent-root css-1b0eilq"><style data-emotion="css rjj2mg">.css-rjj2mg{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;-webkit-align-items:flexStart;-webkit-box-align:flexStart;-ms-flex-align:flexStart;align-items:flexStart;padding:16px;background:#E8F1FC;border-radius:4px;}</style><style data-emotion="css i8m4oo">.css-i8m4oo{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;-webkit-align-items:flexStart;-webkit-box-align:flexStart;-ms-flex-align:flexStart;align-items:flexStart;padding:16px;background:#E8F1FC;border-radius:4px;}</style><div class="MuiBox-root css-i8m4oo"><style data-emotion="css 1uzmcsd">.css-1uzmcsd{list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0;position:relative;}</style><ul class="MuiList-root css-1uzmcsd"><style data-emotion="css 1srtv1">.css-1srtv1{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:start;-ms-flex-pack:start;-webkit-justify-content:flex-start;justify-content:flex-start;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;position:relative;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:left;padding-top:8px;padding-bottom:8px;padding-left:16px;padding-right:16px;padding-left:8px;padding-right:8px;}.css-1srtv1.Mui-focusVisible{background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.12);}.css-1srtv1.Mui-selected{background-color:rgba(0, 125, 184, 0.08);}.css-1srtv1.Mui-selected.Mui-focusVisible{background-color:rgba(0, 125, 184, 0.2);}.css-1srtv1.Mui-disabled{opacity:0.38;}</style><li class="MuiListItem-root MuiListItem-gutters MuiListItem-padding css-1srtv1"><style data-emotion="css bfy4rj">.css-bfy4rj{min-width:36px;}</style><style data-emotion="css njyi55">.css-njyi55{min-width:56px;color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.54);-webkit-flex-shrink:0;-ms-flex-negative:0;flex-shrink:0;display:-webkit-inline-box;display:-webkit-inline-flex;display:-ms-inline-flexbox;display:inline-flex;min-width:36px;}</style><div class="MuiListItemIcon-root css-njyi55"><style data-emotion="css 6dykm4">.css-6dykm4{color:#75AAF0;}</style><style data-emotion="css ypd1a9">.css-ypd1a9{-webkit-user-select:none;-moz-user-select:none;-ms-user-select:none;user-select:none;width:1em;height:1em;display:inline-block;fill:currentColor;-webkit-flex-shrink:0;-ms-flex-negative:0;flex-shrink:0;-webkit-transition:fill 200ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms;transition:fill 200ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms;font-size:1.5rem;color:#75AAF0;}</style><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeMedium css-ypd1a9" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="CheckCircleRoundedIcon"><path d="M12 2C6.48 2 2 6.48 2 12s4.48 10 10 10 10-4.48 10-10S17.52 2 12 2M9.29 16.29 5.7 12.7a.9959.9959 0 0 1 0-1.41c.39-.39 1.02-.39 1.41 0L10 14.17l6.88-6.88c.39-.39 1.02-.39 1.41 0 .39.39.39 1.02 0 1.41l-7.59 7.59c-.38.39-1.02.39-1.41 0"></path></svg></div><style data-emotion="css 1tsvksn">.css-1tsvksn{-webkit-flex:1 1 auto;-ms-flex:1 1 auto;flex:1 1 auto;min-width:0;margin-top:4px;margin-bottom:4px;}</style><div class="MuiListItemText-root css-1tsvksn"><style data-emotion="css 1ewm74">.css-1ewm74{margin:0;font-family:proxima-nova,DejaVu Sans,Verdana,Comic Sans MS;font-size:1rem;line-height:1.43;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:0.011rem;color:rgba(42, 41, 53, 0.7);display:block;}</style><p class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body2 MuiListItemText-secondary css-1ewm74">redaktionell geprüfte und verlässliche Inhalte</p></div></li><li class="MuiListItem-root MuiListItem-gutters MuiListItem-padding css-1srtv1"><div class="MuiListItemIcon-root css-njyi55"><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeMedium css-ypd1a9" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="CheckCircleRoundedIcon"><path d="M12 2C6.48 2 2 6.48 2 12s4.48 10 10 10 10-4.48 10-10S17.52 2 12 2M9.29 16.29 5.7 12.7a.9959.9959 0 0 1 0-1.41c.39-.39 1.02-.39 1.41 0L10 14.17l6.88-6.88c.39-.39 1.02-.39 1.41 0 .39.39.39 1.02 0 1.41l-7.59 7.59c-.38.39-1.02.39-1.41 0"></path></svg></div><div class="MuiListItemText-root css-1tsvksn"><p class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body2 MuiListItemText-secondary css-1ewm74">altersgerecht aufbereitet im Schullexikon</p></div></li><li class="MuiListItem-root MuiListItem-gutters MuiListItem-padding css-1srtv1"><div class="MuiListItemIcon-root css-njyi55"><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeMedium css-ypd1a9" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="CheckCircleRoundedIcon"><path d="M12 2C6.48 2 2 6.48 2 12s4.48 10 10 10 10-4.48 10-10S17.52 2 12 2M9.29 16.29 5.7 12.7a.9959.9959 0 0 1 0-1.41c.39-.39 1.02-.39 1.41 0L10 14.17l6.88-6.88c.39-.39 1.02-.39 1.41 0 .39.39.39 1.02 0 1.41l-7.59 7.59c-.38.39-1.02.39-1.41 0"></path></svg></div><div class="MuiListItemText-root css-1tsvksn"><p class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body2 MuiListItemText-secondary css-1ewm74">monatlich kündbar</p></div></li></ul></div></div><style data-emotion="css 1mwufi4">@media (max-width:599.95px){.css-1mwufi4{-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;}}</style><style data-emotion="css 1yyjfr2">.css-1yyjfr2{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;padding:8px;}.css-1yyjfr2>:not(style)~:not(style){margin-left:8px;}@media (max-width:599.95px){.css-1yyjfr2{-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;}}</style><div class="MuiCardActions-root MuiCardActions-spacing css-1yyjfr2"><style data-emotion="css ytumd6">.css-ytumd6{-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;}</style><a 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orgdsz">.css-orgdsz{display:-webkit-inline-box;display:-webkit-inline-flex;display:-ms-inline-flexbox;display:inline-flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;position:relative;box-sizing:border-box;-webkit-tap-highlight-color:transparent;background-color:transparent;outline:0;border:0;margin:0;border-radius:0;padding:0;cursor:pointer;-webkit-user-select:none;-moz-user-select:none;-ms-user-select:none;user-select:none;vertical-align:middle;-moz-appearance:none;-webkit-appearance:none;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit;font-family:proxima-nova,DejaVu Sans,Verdana,Comic Sans MS;font-weight:500;font-size:0.875rem;line-height:1.75;text-transform:uppercase;min-width:64px;padding:6px 16px;border-radius:4px;-webkit-transition:background-color 250ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms,box-shadow 250ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms,border-color 250ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms,color 250ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms;transition:background-color 250ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms,box-shadow 250ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms,border-color 250ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms,color 250ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms;color:#fff;background-color:#007DB8;box-shadow:0px 3px 1px -2px rgba(0,0,0,0.2),0px 2px 2px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.14),0px 1px 5px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.12);text-transform:none;font-family:proxima-nova,DejaVu Sans,Verdana,Comic Sans MS;font-size:0.875rem;line-height:1.5;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:0.025rem;}.css-orgdsz::-moz-focus-inner{border-style:none;}.css-orgdsz.Mui-disabled{pointer-events:none;cursor:default;}@media print{.css-orgdsz{-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;}}.css-orgdsz:hover{-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;background-color:#005188;box-shadow:0px 2px 4px -1px rgba(0,0,0,0.2),0px 4px 5px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.14),0px 1px 10px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.12);}@media (hover: none){.css-orgdsz:hover{background-color:#007DB8;}}.css-orgdsz:active{box-shadow:0px 5px 5px -3px rgba(0,0,0,0.2),0px 8px 10px 1px rgba(0,0,0,0.14),0px 3px 14px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.12);}.css-orgdsz.Mui-focusVisible{box-shadow:0px 3px 5px -1px rgba(0,0,0,0.2),0px 6px 10px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.14),0px 1px 18px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.12);}.css-orgdsz.Mui-disabled{color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.26);box-shadow:none;background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.12);}</style><button class="MuiButtonBase-root MuiButton-root MuiButton-contained MuiButton-containedPrimary MuiButton-sizeMedium MuiButton-containedSizeMedium MuiButton-colorPrimary MuiButton-root MuiButton-contained MuiButton-containedPrimary MuiButton-sizeMedium MuiButton-containedSizeMedium MuiButton-colorPrimary css-orgdsz" tabindex="0" type="button">Kostenlos testen<style data-emotion="css pt151d">.css-pt151d{display:inherit;margin-right:-4px;margin-left:8px;}.css-pt151d>*:nth-of-type(1){font-size:20px;}</style><span class="MuiButton-icon MuiButton-endIcon MuiButton-iconSizeMedium css-pt151d"><svg class="MuiSvgIcon-root MuiSvgIcon-fontSizeMedium css-vubbuv" focusable="false" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 24 24" data-testid="ArrowForwardIcon"><path d="m12 4-1.41 1.41L16.17 11H4v2h12.17l-5.58 5.59L12 20l8-8z"></path></svg></span></button></a><style data-emotion="css 1txzyl7">.css-1txzyl7{margin-left:16px;margin-right:8px;margin-top:16px;margin-bottom:16px;}</style><div class="MuiBox-root css-1txzyl7">oder</div><a href="/login" class="css-ytumd6"><button class="MuiButtonBase-root MuiButton-root MuiButton-outlined MuiButton-outlinedPrimary MuiButton-sizeMedium MuiButton-outlinedSizeMedium MuiButton-colorPrimary MuiButton-root MuiButton-outlined MuiButton-outlinedPrimary MuiButton-sizeMedium MuiButton-outlinedSizeMedium MuiButton-colorPrimary css-rys2bu" tabindex="0" type="button">Einloggen</button></a></div><style data-emotion="css 1qm1lh">.css-1qm1lh{margin-bottom:16px;}</style><div class="MuiBox-root css-1qm1lh"><style data-emotion="css ny0n9o">.css-ny0n9o{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;padding:8px;}.css-ny0n9o>:not(style)~:not(style){margin-left:8px;}</style><div class="MuiCardActions-root MuiCardActions-spacing css-ny0n9o"><style data-emotion="css 1x56wv2">.css-1x56wv2{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;font-family:proxima-nova,DejaVu Sans,Verdana,Comic Sans 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MS;font-size:1rem;line-height:0.875;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:0.17px;color:#253746;cursor:pointer;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;}.css-xehclf:hover{text-decoration-color:inherit;}.css-xehclf:hover{-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-color:#253746;text-decoration-thickness:2px;}</style><a class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-inherit MuiLink-root MuiLink-underlineAlways css-xehclf" href="https://brockhaus.de/info/schulen/kostenlos-testen">Sie sind Lehrkraft? 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1m5f78l">.css-1m5f78l{display:-webkit-inline-box;display:-webkit-inline-flex;display:-ms-inline-flexbox;display:inline-flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;position:relative;box-sizing:border-box;-webkit-tap-highlight-color:transparent;background-color:transparent;outline:0;border:0;margin:0;border-radius:0;padding:0;cursor:pointer;-webkit-user-select:none;-moz-user-select:none;-ms-user-select:none;user-select:none;vertical-align:middle;-moz-appearance:none;-webkit-appearance:none;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit;display:block;text-align:inherit;border-radius:inherit;width:100%;}.css-1m5f78l::-moz-focus-inner{border-style:none;}.css-1m5f78l.Mui-disabled{pointer-events:none;cursor:default;}@media print{.css-1m5f78l{-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;}}.css-1m5f78l:hover 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Trumpington </i>(seit 1962), britischer Chemiker, * Glasgow 2. 10. 1907, † Cambridge 10. 1. 1997; Professor in Manchester (1938–44), danach in Cambridge; ...</p></div></div><style data-emotion="css jo3ec3">.css-jo3ec3{overflow:hidden;pointer-events:none;position:absolute;top:0;right:0;bottom:0;left:0;border-radius:inherit;opacity:0;background-color:currentcolor;-webkit-transition:opacity 250ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms;transition:opacity 250ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1) 0ms;}</style><span class="MuiCardActionArea-focusHighlight css-jo3ec3"></span></a></div><div class="MuiPaper-root MuiPaper-elevation MuiPaper-rounded MuiPaper-elevation1 MuiCard-root css-11f3zw8"><a class="MuiButtonBase-root MuiCardActionArea-root css-1m5f78l" tabindex="0" href="/ecs/enzy/article/bosanquet-bernard"><div class="MuiBox-root css-p1b00r"><div class="MuiBox-root css-j7qwjs"><p class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body2 css-13egnxo"><b data-testid="bold">Bosanquet</b>, <b data-testid="bold">Bernard</b>, britischer Philosoph, * Rock Hall 14. 6. 1848, † London 8. 2. 1923; lehrte an der Universität in Oxford, 1903–08 Professor der Moralphilosophie in Saint Andrews. Neben <i data-testid="italic">T. H. Green</i> und ...</p></div></div><span class="MuiCardActionArea-focusHighlight css-jo3ec3"></span></a></div><div class="MuiPaper-root MuiPaper-elevation MuiPaper-rounded MuiPaper-elevation1 MuiCard-root css-11f3zw8"><a class="MuiButtonBase-root MuiCardActionArea-root css-1m5f78l" tabindex="0" href="/ecs/enzy/article/chapman-sidney"><div class="MuiBox-root css-p1b00r"><div class="MuiBox-root css-j7qwjs"><p class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body2 css-13egnxo"><b data-testid="bold">Chapman</b>, <b data-testid="bold">Sidney</b>, britischer Mathematiker und Geophysiker, * Eccles (bei Manchester) 21. 1. 1888, † Boulder (Colorado) 16. 6. 1970; wirkte 1910–19 am Greenwich-Observatorium, 1914–19 auch in Cambridge; ...</p></div></div><span class="MuiCardActionArea-focusHighlight css-jo3ec3"></span></a></div><div class="MuiPaper-root MuiPaper-elevation MuiPaper-rounded MuiPaper-elevation1 MuiCard-root css-11f3zw8"><a class="MuiButtonBase-root MuiCardActionArea-root css-1m5f78l" tabindex="0" href="/ecs/enzy/article/grossbritannien-und-nordirland"><div class="MuiBox-root css-p1b00r"><div class="MuiBox-root css-j7qwjs"><p class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body2 css-13egnxo"><b data-testid="bold">Großbritannien und Nordirland, </b>Staat in Nordwesteuropa; Hauptstadt ist London. </p></div></div><span class="MuiCardActionArea-focusHighlight css-jo3ec3"></span></a></div><div class="MuiPaper-root MuiPaper-elevation MuiPaper-rounded MuiPaper-elevation1 MuiCard-root css-11f3zw8"><a class="MuiButtonBase-root MuiCardActionArea-root css-1m5f78l" tabindex="0" href="/ecs/enzy/article/eisenbahn"><div class="MuiBox-root css-p1b00r"><div class="MuiBox-root css-j7qwjs"><p class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body2 css-13egnxo"><b data-testid="bold">Eisenbahn,</b> Bezeichnung für eine Schienenbahn in der Regel auf einem besonderen <!-- -->Bahnkörper<!-- -->, der durch <!-- -->Eisenbahnsignalanlage<!-- --> gesichert ist; der <!-- -->Eisenbahnbetrieb<!-- --> läuft nach einem Fahrplan. 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Rund 300 Millionen Menschen spielen weltweit aktiv Fußball, keine andere <!-- -->Sportart<!-- --> ist so weit ...</p></div></div><span class="MuiCardActionArea-focusHighlight css-jo3ec3"></span></a></div><div class="MuiPaper-root MuiPaper-elevation MuiPaper-rounded MuiPaper-elevation1 MuiCard-root css-11f3zw8"><a class="MuiButtonBase-root MuiCardActionArea-root css-1m5f78l" tabindex="0" href="/ecs/enzy/article/britische-geschichte"><div class="MuiBox-root css-p1b00r"><div class="MuiBox-root css-j7qwjs"><p class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-body2 css-13egnxo"><b data-testid="bold">Britische Geschichte,</b> seit der Steinzeit Teil der Geschichte der Britischen Inseln und Westeuropas. 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