Block Store | Credential Management | Google for Developers

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href="#" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Dropdown menu for Authentication" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developers.google.com/identity/authentication" track-metadata-position="nav - authentication" track-metadata-module="primary nav" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Authentication" track-name="authentication" class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-toggle devsite-icon devsite-icon-arrow-drop-down"></a> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown" aria-label="submenu" hidden> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-content"> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-column "> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-title" role="heading" tooltip>Sign In with Google SDKs</li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developers.google.com/identity/android-credential-manager" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developers.google.com/identity/android-credential-manager" track-metadata-position="nav - authentication" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="sign in with google sdks" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Credential Manager for Android </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developers.google.com/identity/gsi/web/guides/overview" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developers.google.com/identity/gsi/web/guides/overview" track-metadata-position="nav - authentication" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="sign in with google sdks" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Sign In with Google for Web (including One Tap) </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developers.google.com/identity/sign-in/ios/start" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developers.google.com/identity/sign-in/ios/start" track-metadata-position="nav - authentication" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="sign in with google sdks" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Google Sign-In for iOS and macOS </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-title" role="heading" tooltip>Industry standards</li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developers.google.com/identity/passkeys" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developers.google.com/identity/passkeys" track-metadata-position="nav - authentication" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="sign in with google sdks" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Passkeys </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developers.google.com/identity/openid-connect/openid-connect" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developers.google.com/identity/openid-connect/openid-connect" track-metadata-position="nav - authentication" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="sign in with google sdks" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> OpenID Connect </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-title" role="heading" tooltip>Legacy Sign In</li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developers.google.com/identity/one-tap/android/overview" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developers.google.com/identity/one-tap/android/overview" track-metadata-position="nav - authentication" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="sign in with google sdks" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> One Tap sign-up/sign-in for Android </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developers.google.com/identity/sign-in/android/legacy-start-integrating" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developers.google.com/identity/sign-in/android/legacy-start-integrating" track-metadata-position="nav - authentication" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="sign in with google sdks" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Google Sign-In for Android </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developers.google.com/identity/sign-in/web/sign-in" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developers.google.com/identity/sign-in/web/sign-in" track-metadata-position="nav - authentication" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="sign in with google sdks" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Google Sign-In for Web </div> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </tab> <tab class="devsite-dropdown "> <a href="https://developers.google.com/identity/authorization" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developers.google.com/identity/authorization" class="devsite-tabs-content gc-analytics-event " track-type="nav" track-metadata-position="nav - authorization" track-metadata-module="primary nav" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Authorization" track-name="authorization" > Authorization </a> <a href="#" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Dropdown menu for Authorization" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developers.google.com/identity/authorization" track-metadata-position="nav - authorization" track-metadata-module="primary nav" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Authorization" track-name="authorization" class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-toggle devsite-icon devsite-icon-arrow-drop-down"></a> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown" aria-label="submenu" hidden> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-content"> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-column "> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-title" role="heading" tooltip>Call Google APIs</li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developers.google.com/identity/sign-in/android/authorize-access" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developers.google.com/identity/sign-in/android/authorize-access" track-metadata-position="nav - authorization" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="call google apis" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Authorizing for Android </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developers.google.com/identity/oauth2/web/guides/overview" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developers.google.com/identity/oauth2/web/guides/overview" track-metadata-position="nav - authorization" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="call google apis" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Authorizing for Web </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developers.google.com/identity/sign-in/ios/api-access" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developers.google.com/identity/sign-in/ios/api-access" track-metadata-position="nav - authorization" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="call google apis" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Authorizing for iOS/macOS </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developers.google.com/identity/protocols/oauth2" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developers.google.com/identity/protocols/oauth2" track-metadata-position="nav - authorization" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="call google apis" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Using OAuth 2.0 </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-title" role="heading" tooltip>Share data with Google apps and devices</li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developers.google.com/identity/account-linking" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developers.google.com/identity/account-linking" track-metadata-position="nav - authorization" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="call google apis" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Google Account Linking </div> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </tab> <tab class="devsite-dropdown "> <a href="https://developers.google.com/identity/credential-management" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developers.google.com/identity/credential-management" class="devsite-tabs-content gc-analytics-event " track-type="nav" track-metadata-position="nav - credential management" track-metadata-module="primary nav" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Credential management" track-name="credential management" > Credential management </a> <a href="#" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Dropdown menu for Credential management" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developers.google.com/identity/credential-management" track-metadata-position="nav - credential management" track-metadata-module="primary nav" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Credential management" track-name="credential management" class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-toggle devsite-icon devsite-icon-arrow-drop-down"></a> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown" aria-label="submenu" hidden> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-content"> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-column "> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-title" role="heading" tooltip>Android</li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developers.google.com/identity/android-credential-manager" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developers.google.com/identity/android-credential-manager" track-metadata-position="nav - credential management" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="android" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Credential Manager </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developers.google.com/identity/blockstore/android" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developers.google.com/identity/blockstore/android" track-metadata-position="nav - credential management" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="android" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Blockstore </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developers.google.com/identity/smartlock-passwords/android/associate-apps-and-sites" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developers.google.com/identity/smartlock-passwords/android/associate-apps-and-sites" track-metadata-position="nav - credential management" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="android" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Digital Asset Links </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.android.com/guide/topics/text/autofill" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/guide/topics/text/autofill" track-metadata-position="nav - credential management" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="android" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Android autofill framework </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-title" role="heading" tooltip>Web</li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://web.dev/sign-in-form-best-practices/" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://web.dev/sign-in-form-best-practices/" track-metadata-position="nav - credential management" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="android" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Autocomplete </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-title" role="heading" tooltip>Cross-platform</li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developers.google.com/identity/credential-sharing" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developers.google.com/identity/credential-sharing" track-metadata-position="nav - credential management" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="android" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Seamless credential sharing </div> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </tab> <tab class="devsite-dropdown "> <a href="https://developers.google.com/identity/credential-verification" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developers.google.com/identity/credential-verification" class="devsite-tabs-content gc-analytics-event " track-type="nav" track-metadata-position="nav - credential verification" track-metadata-module="primary nav" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Credential verification" track-name="credential verification" > Credential verification </a> <a href="#" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Dropdown menu for Credential verification" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developers.google.com/identity/credential-verification" track-metadata-position="nav - credential verification" track-metadata-module="primary nav" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Credential verification" track-name="credential verification" class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-toggle devsite-icon devsite-icon-arrow-drop-down"></a> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown" aria-label="submenu" hidden> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-content"> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-column "> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-title" role="heading" tooltip>Android</li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developers.google.com/identity/sms-retriever/overview" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developers.google.com/identity/sms-retriever/overview" track-metadata-position="nav - credential verification" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="android" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Verify users by SMS </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developers.google.com/identity/phone-number-hint/android" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developers.google.com/identity/phone-number-hint/android" track-metadata-position="nav - credential verification" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="android" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Phone Number Hint </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-title" role="heading" tooltip>Web</li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://web.dev/web-otp/" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://web.dev/web-otp/" track-metadata-position="nav - credential verification" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="android" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Verify phone numbers on the web </div> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </tab> </nav> </devsite-tabs> </div> <devsite-search enable-signin enable-search enable-suggestions enable-query-completion project-name="Credential Management" tenant-name="Google for Developers" project-scope="/identity/credential-management" url-scoped="https://developers.google.com/s/results/identity/credential-management" > <form class="devsite-search-form" action="https://developers.google.com/s/results" method="GET"> <div class="devsite-search-container"> <button type="button" search-open class="devsite-search-button devsite-header-icon-button button-flat material-icons" aria-label="Open search"></button> <div class="devsite-searchbox"> <input aria-activedescendant="" aria-autocomplete="list" aria-label="Search" aria-expanded="false" aria-haspopup="listbox" autocomplete="off" class="devsite-search-field devsite-search-query" name="q" placeholder="Search" role="combobox" type="text" value="" > <div class="devsite-search-image material-icons" aria-hidden="true"> </div> <div class="devsite-search-shortcut-icon-container" aria-hidden="true"> <kbd class="devsite-search-shortcut-icon">/</kbd> </div> </div> </div> </form> <button type="button" search-close class="devsite-search-button devsite-header-icon-button button-flat material-icons" aria-label="Close search"></button> </devsite-search> </div> <devsite-language-selector> <ul role="presentation"> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="en" >English</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="de" >Deutsch</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="es" >Español</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="es_419" >Español – América Latina</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="fr" >Français</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="id" >Indonesia</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a 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繁體</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="ja" >日本語</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="ko" >한국어</a> </li> </ul> </devsite-language-selector> <devsite-user enable-profiles fp-auth id="devsite-user"> Sign in </devsite-user> </div> </div> </div> <div class="devsite-collapsible-section devsite-header-no-lower-tabs "> <div class="devsite-header-background"> <div class="devsite-product-id-row" > <div class="devsite-product-description-row"> <ul class="devsite-breadcrumb-list" > <li class="devsite-breadcrumb-item "> <a href="https://developers.google.com/identity/credential-management" class="devsite-breadcrumb-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Lower Header" data-value="1" track-type="globalNav" track-name="breadcrumb" track-metadata-position="1" track-metadata-eventdetail="Credential Management" > Credential Management </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </devsite-header> <devsite-book-nav scrollbars hidden> <div class="devsite-book-nav-filter" hidden> <input type="text" placeholder="Filter" aria-label="Type to filter" role="searchbox"> </div> <nav class="devsite-book-nav devsite-nav nocontent" aria-label="Side menu"> <div class="devsite-mobile-header"> <button type="button" id="devsite-close-nav" class="devsite-header-icon-button button-flat material-icons gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Close navigation" aria-label="Close navigation"> </button> <div class="devsite-product-name-wrapper"> <ul class="devsite-breadcrumb-list" > <li class="devsite-breadcrumb-item devsite-has-google-wordmark"> <a href="https://developers.google.com/identity" class="devsite-breadcrumb-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Upper Header" data-value="1" track-type="globalNav" track-name="breadcrumb" track-metadata-position="1" track-metadata-eventdetail="Google Identity" > <svg class="devsite-google-wordmark" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 148 48"> <title>Google</title> <path class="devsite-google-wordmark-svg-path" d="M19.58,37.65c-9.87,0-18.17-8.04-18.17-17.91c0-9.87,8.3-17.91,18.17-17.91c5.46,0,9.35,2.14,12.27,4.94l-3.45,3.45c-2.1-1.97-4.93-3.49-8.82-3.49c-7.21,0-12.84,5.81-12.84,13.02c0,7.21,5.64,13.02,12.84,13.02c4.67,0,7.34-1.88,9.04-3.58c1.4-1.4,2.32-3.41,2.66-6.16H19.58v-4.89h16.47c0.18,0.87,0.26,1.92,0.26,3.06c0,3.67-1.01,8.21-4.24,11.44C28.93,35.9,24.91,37.65,19.58,37.65z M61.78,26.12c0,6.64-5.1,11.53-11.36,11.53s-11.36-4.89-11.36-11.53c0-6.68,5.1-11.53,11.36-11.53S61.78,19.43,61.78,26.12z M56.8,26.12c0-4.15-2.96-6.99-6.39-6.99c-3.43,0-6.39,2.84-6.39,6.99c0,4.11,2.96,6.99,6.39,6.99C53.84,33.11,56.8,30.22,56.8,26.12z M87.25,26.12c0,6.64-5.1,11.53-11.36,11.53c-6.26,0-11.36-4.89-11.36-11.53c0-6.68,5.1-11.53,11.36-11.53C82.15,14.59,87.25,19.43,87.25,26.12zM82.28,26.12c0-4.15-2.96-6.99-6.39-6.99c-3.43,0-6.39,2.84-6.39,6.99c0,4.11,2.96,6.99,6.39,6.99C79.32,33.11,82.28,30.22,82.28,26.12z M112.09,15.29v20.7c0,8.52-5.02,12.01-10.96,12.01c-5.59,0-8.95-3.76-10.22-6.81l4.41-1.83c0.79,1.88,2.71,4.1,5.81,4.1c3.8,0,6.16-2.36,6.16-6.77v-1.66h-0.18c-1.14,1.4-3.32,2.62-6.07,2.62c-5.76,0-11.05-5.02-11.05-11.49c0-6.51,5.28-11.57,11.05-11.57c2.75,0,4.93,1.22,6.07,2.58h0.18v-1.88H112.09z M107.64,26.16c0-4.06-2.71-7.03-6.16-7.03c-3.49,0-6.42,2.97-6.42,7.03c0,4.02,2.93,6.94,6.42,6.94C104.93,33.11,107.64,30.18,107.64,26.16z M120.97,3.06v33.89h-5.07V3.06H120.97z M140.89,29.92l3.93,2.62c-1.27,1.88-4.32,5.11-9.61,5.11c-6.55,0-11.28-5.07-11.28-11.53c0-6.86,4.77-11.53,10.71-11.53c5.98,0,8.91,4.76,9.87,7.34l0.52,1.31l-15.42,6.38c1.18,2.31,3.01,3.49,5.59,3.49C137.79,33.11,139.58,31.84,140.89,29.92zM128.79,25.77l10.31-4.28c-0.57-1.44-2.27-2.45-4.28-2.45C132.24,19.04,128.66,21.31,128.79,25.77z"/> </svg>Identity </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="devsite-book-nav-wrapper"> <div class="devsite-mobile-nav-top"> <ul class="devsite-nav-list"> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/identity/authentication" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Authentication" track-name="authentication" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Authentication" track-type="globalNav" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> Authentication </a> <ul class="devsite-nav-responsive-tabs devsite-nav-has-menu "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> More </li> </ul> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/identity/authorization" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Authorization" track-name="authorization" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Authorization" track-type="globalNav" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> Authorization </a> <ul class="devsite-nav-responsive-tabs devsite-nav-has-menu "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> More </li> </ul> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/identity/credential-management" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event devsite-nav-has-children " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Credential management" track-name="credential management" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Credential management" track-type="globalNav" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> Credential management </a> <ul class="devsite-nav-responsive-tabs devsite-nav-has-menu "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> More </li> </ul> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/identity/credential-verification" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Credential verification" track-name="credential verification" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Credential verification" track-type="globalNav" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> Credential verification </a> <ul class="devsite-nav-responsive-tabs devsite-nav-has-menu "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> More </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="devsite-mobile-nav-bottom"> <ul class="devsite-nav-list" menu="Authentication" aria-label="Side menu" hidden> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"> Sign In with Google SDKs </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/identity/android-credential-manager" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Credential Manager for Android" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> Credential Manager for Android </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/identity/gsi/web/guides/overview" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Sign In with Google for Web (including One Tap)" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> Sign In with Google for Web (including One Tap) </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/identity/sign-in/ios/start" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Google Sign-In for iOS and macOS" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> Google Sign-In for iOS and macOS </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"> Industry standards </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/identity/passkeys" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Passkeys" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> Passkeys </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/identity/openid-connect/openid-connect" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: OpenID Connect" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> OpenID Connect </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"> Legacy Sign In </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/identity/one-tap/android/overview" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: One Tap sign-up/sign-in for Android" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> One Tap sign-up/sign-in for Android </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/identity/sign-in/android/legacy-start-integrating" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Google Sign-In for Android" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> Google Sign-In for Android </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/identity/sign-in/web/sign-in" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Google Sign-In for Web" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> Google Sign-In for Web </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-nav-list" menu="Authorization" aria-label="Side menu" hidden> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"> Call Google APIs </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/identity/sign-in/android/authorize-access" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Authorizing for Android" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> Authorizing for Android </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/identity/oauth2/web/guides/overview" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Authorizing for Web" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> Authorizing for Web </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/identity/sign-in/ios/api-access" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Authorizing for iOS/macOS" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> Authorizing for iOS/macOS </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/identity/protocols/oauth2" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Using OAuth 2.0" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> Using OAuth 2.0 </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"> Share data with Google apps and devices </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/identity/account-linking" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Google Account Linking" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> Google Account Linking </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-nav-list" menu="Credential management" aria-label="Side menu" hidden> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"> Android </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/identity/android-credential-manager" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Credential Manager" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> Credential Manager </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/identity/blockstore/android" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Blockstore" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> Blockstore </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/identity/smartlock-passwords/android/associate-apps-and-sites" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Digital Asset Links" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> Digital Asset Links </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.android.com/guide/topics/text/autofill" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Android autofill framework" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> Android autofill framework </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"> Web </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://web.dev/sign-in-form-best-practices/" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Autocomplete" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> Autocomplete </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"> Cross-platform </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/identity/credential-sharing" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Seamless credential sharing" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> Seamless credential sharing </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-nav-list" menu="Credential verification" aria-label="Side menu" hidden> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"> Android </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/identity/sms-retriever/overview" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Verify users by SMS" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> Verify users by SMS </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/identity/phone-number-hint/android" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Phone Number Hint" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> Phone Number Hint </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"> Web </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://web.dev/web-otp/" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Verify phone numbers on the web" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> Verify phone numbers on the web </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </devsite-book-nav> <section id="gc-wrapper"> <main role="main" class="devsite-main-content" > <devsite-content> <article class="devsite-article"> <div class="devsite-article-meta nocontent" role="navigation"> <ul class="devsite-breadcrumb-list" aria-label="Breadcrumb"> <li class="devsite-breadcrumb-item "> <a href="https://developers.google.com/" class="devsite-breadcrumb-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Breadcrumbs" data-value="1" track-type="globalNav" track-name="breadcrumb" track-metadata-position="1" 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project-icon="https://www.gstatic.com/devrel-devsite/prod/v870e399c64f7c43c99a3043db4b3a74327bb93d0914e84a0c3dba90bbfd67625/developers/images/touchicon-180-new.png" > <button> Send feedback </button> </devsite-feedback> <h1 class="devsite-page-title" tabindex="-1"> Block Store </h1> <devsite-feature-tooltip ack-key="AckCollectionsBookmarkTooltipDismiss" analytics-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" analytics-action-show="Callout Profile displayed" analytics-action-close="Callout Profile dismissed" analytics-label="Create Collection Callout" class="devsite-page-bookmark-tooltip nocontent" dismiss-button="true" id="devsite-collections-dropdown" dismiss-button-text="Dismiss" close-button-text="Got it"> <devsite-bookmark></devsite-bookmark> Stay organized with collections Save and categorize content based on your preferences. </devsite-feature-tooltip> <div class="devsite-page-title-meta"><devsite-view-release-notes></devsite-view-release-notes></div> <devsite-toc class="devsite-nav" depth="2" devsite-toc-embedded > </devsite-toc> <div class="devsite-article-body clearfix "> <aside class="note"> Note: For an updated user experience and other improvements, consider using <a href="https://developer.android.com/training/sign-in/passkeys"> Passkeys with Credential Manager </a> instead. </aside> Many users still manage their own credentials when setting up a new Android device. This manual process can become challenging and often results in a poor user experience. The Block Store API, a library powered by <a href="/android">Google Play services</a>, looks to solve this by providing a way for apps to save user credentials without the complexity or security risk associated with saving user passwords. The Block Store API allows your app to store data that it can later retrieve to re-authenticate users on a new device. This helps provide a more seamless experience for the user, as they don't need to see a sign-in screen when launching your app for the first time on the new device. The benefits to using Block Store include the following: <ul> <li>Encrypted credential storage solution for developers. Credentials are end-to-end encrypted when possible.</li> <li>Save tokens instead of usernames and passwords.</li> <li>Eliminate friction from sign-in flows.</li> <li>Save users from the burden of managing complex passwords.</li> <li>Google verifies the user's identity.</li> </ul> <aside class="note">Note: Using Block Store does not limit the user to what type of credentials can be used. Users can sign in with their username and password, their Google account, or any other federated identity provider, and Block Store still works.</aside> <h2 id="before-your-begin" data-text="Before you begin" tabindex="-1">Before you begin</h2> To prepare your app, complete the steps in the following sections. <h3 id="configure-your-app" data-text="Configure your app" tabindex="-1">Configure your app</h3> In your project-level <code translate="no" dir="ltr">build.gradle</code> file, include <a href="https://maven.google.com/web/index.html">Google's Maven repository</a> in both your <code translate="no" dir="ltr">buildscript</code> and <code translate="no" dir="ltr">allprojects</code> sections: <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Text only"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">buildscript { repositories { google() mavenCentral() } } allprojects { repositories { google() mavenCentral() } } </code></pre></devsite-code> Add the <a href="/android">Google Play services</a> dependency for the Block Store API to your <a href="/studio/build#module-level">module's Gradle build file</a>, which is commonly <code translate="no" dir="ltr">app/build.gradle</code>: <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Carbon"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">dependencies { implementation 'com.google.android.gms:play-services-auth-blockstore:16.4.0' } </code></pre></devsite-code> <h2 id="how-it-works" data-text="How it works" tabindex="-1">How it works</h2> Block Store allows developers to save and restore up to 16 byte arrays. This allows you to save important information regarding the current user session and offers the flexibility to save this information however you like. This data can be end-to-end encrypted and the infrastructure that supports Block Store is built on top of the Backup and Restore infrastructure. This guide will cover the use case of saving a user's token to Block Store. The following steps outline how an app utilizing Block Store would work: <ol> <li>During your app’s authentication flow, or anytime thereafter, you can store the user’s authentication token to Block Store for later retrieval.</li> <li>The token will be stored locally and can also be backed up to the cloud, end-to-end encrypted when possible.</li> <li>Data is transferred when the user initiates a restore flow on a new device.</li> <li>If the user restores your app during the restore flow, your app can then retrieve the saved token from Block Store on the new device.</li> </ol> <h3 id="saving" data-text="Saving the token" tabindex="-1">Saving the token</h3> When a user signs into your app, you can save the authentication token that you generate for that user to Block Store. You can store this token using a unique key pair value that has a maximum 4kb per entry. To store the token, call <a href="/android/reference/com/google/android/gms/auth/blockstore/StoreBytesData.Builder#public-storebytesdata.builder-setbytes-byte%5B%5D-bytes"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">setBytes()</code></a> and <a href="/android/reference/com/google/android/gms/auth/blockstore/StoreBytesData.Builder#setKey"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">setKey()</code></a> on an instance of <a href="/android/reference/com/google/android/gms/auth/blockstore/StoreBytesData.Builder"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">StoreBytesData.Builder</code></a> to store the user's credentials to the source device. After you save the token with Block Store, the token is encrypted and stored locally on the device. The following sample shows how to save the authentication token to the local device: <div class="ds-selector-tabs" data-ds-scope="code-sample"> <section><h3 id="java" data-text="Java" tabindex="-1">Java</h3><div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy devsite-code-highlight" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Java"> BlockstoreClient client = Blockstore.getClient(this); byte[] bytes1 = new byte[] { 1, 2, 3, 4 }; // Store one data block. String key1 = "com.example.app.key1"; StoreBytesData storeRequest1 = StoreBytesData.Builder() .setBytes(bytes1) // Call this method to set the key value pair the data should be associated with. .setKeys(Arrays.asList(key1)) .build(); client.storeBytes(storeRequest1) .addOnSuccessListener(result -> Log.d(TAG, "stored " + result + " bytes")) .addOnFailureListener(e -> Log.e(TAG, "Failed to store bytes", e));</pre></devsite-code></section> <section><h3 id="kotlin" data-text="Kotlin" tabindex="-1">Kotlin</h3><div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy devsite-code-highlight" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Kotlin"> val client = Blockstore.getClient(this) val bytes1 = byteArrayOf(1, 2, 3, 4) // Store one data block. val key1 = "com.example.app.key1" val storeRequest1 = StoreBytesData.Builder() .setBytes(bytes1) // Call this method to set the key value with which the data should be associated with. .setKeys(Arrays.asList(key1)) .build() client.storeBytes(storeRequest1) .addOnSuccessListener { result: Int -> Log.d(TAG, "Stored $result bytes") } .addOnFailureListener { e -> Log.e(TAG, "Failed to store bytes", e) }</pre></devsite-code></section> </div> <aside class="note"> Previously stored bytes without a key? If you have previously used the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">StoreBytes()</code> API to save your data, it is recommended that you start saving your tokens with a key. Data previously saved using StoreBytes is now saved with the key BlockstoreClient.DEFAULT_BYTES_DATA_KEY. </aside> <h4 id="Use-default-token" data-text="Use default token" tabindex="-1">Use default token</h4> Data saved using StoreBytes without a key uses the default key BlockstoreClient.DEFAULT_BYTES_DATA_KEY. <div class="ds-selector-tabs" data-ds-scope="code-sample"> <section><h3 id="java_1" data-text="Java" tabindex="-1">Java</h3><div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy devsite-code-highlight" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Java"> BlockstoreClient client = Blockstore.getClient(this); // The default key BlockstoreClient.DEFAULT_BYTES_DATA_KEY. byte[] bytes = new byte[] { 9, 10 }; StoreBytesData storeRequest = StoreBytesData.Builder() .setBytes(bytes) .build(); client.storeBytes(storeRequest) .addOnSuccessListener(result -> Log.d(TAG, "stored " + result + " bytes")) .addOnFailureListener(e -> Log.e(TAG, "Failed to store bytes", e));</pre></devsite-code></section> <section><h3 id="kotlin_1" data-text="Kotlin" tabindex="-1">Kotlin</h3><div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Kotlin"> val client = Blockstore.getClient(this); // the default key BlockstoreClient.DEFAULT_BYTES_DATA_KEY. val bytes = byteArrayOf(1, 2, 3, 4) val storeRequest = StoreBytesData.Builder() .setBytes(bytes) .build(); client.storeBytes(storeRequest) .addOnSuccessListener { result: Int -> Log.d(TAG, "stored $result bytes") } .addOnFailureListener { e -> Log.e(TAG, "Failed to store bytes", e) }</pre></devsite-code></section> </div> <aside class="note"> How is the data stored on the device and who can access the data? On device, BlockStore data is stored in Google Play Services' local private data directory. No other apps can directly access the data file. They can only access BlockStore data via <code translate="no" dir="ltr">retrieveBytes()</code> API, and an app can only retrieve data stored by itself. Google Play Services checks both the package name and signature. </aside> <h3 id="retrieving-the-token" data-text="Retrieving the token" tabindex="-1">Retrieving the token</h3> Later on, when a user goes through the restore flow on a new device, Google Play services first verifies the user, then retrieves your Block Store data. The user has already agreed to restore your app data as a part of the restore flow, so no additional consents are required. When the user opens your app, you can request your token from Block Store by calling <a href="/android/reference/com/google/android/gms/auth/blockstore/BlockstoreClient#retrieveBytes()"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">retrieveBytes()</code></a>. The retrieved token can then be used to keep the user signed in on the new device. The following sample shows how to retrieve multiple tokens based on specific keys. <div class="ds-selector-tabs" data-ds-scope="code-sample"> <section><h3 id="java_2" data-text="Java" tabindex="-1">Java</h3><div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Java">BlockstoreClient client = Blockstore.getClient(this); // Retrieve data associated with certain keys. String key1 = "com.example.app.key1"; String key2 = "com.example.app.key2"; String key3 = BlockstoreClient.DEFAULT_BYTES_DATA_KEY; // Used to retrieve data stored without a key List<String> requestedKeys = Arrays.asList(key1, key2, key3); // Add keys to array RetrieveBytesRequest retrieveRequest = new RetrieveBytesRequest.Builder() .setKeys(requestedKeys) .build(); client.retrieveBytes(retrieveRequest) .addOnSuccessListener( result -> { Map<String, BlockstoreData> blockstoreDataMap = result.getBlockstoreDataMap(); for (Map.Entry<String, BlockstoreData> entry : blockstoreDataMap.entrySet()) { Log.d(TAG, String.format( "Retrieved bytes %s associated with key %s.", new String(entry.getValue().getBytes()), entry.getKey())); } }) .addOnFailureListener(e -> Log.e(TAG, "Failed to store bytes", e));</pre></devsite-code></section> <section><h3 id="kotlin_2" data-text="Kotlin" tabindex="-1">Kotlin</h3><div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Kotlin">val client = Blockstore.getClient(this) // Retrieve data associated with certain keys. val key1 = "com.example.app.key1" val key2 = "com.example.app.key2" val key3 = BlockstoreClient.DEFAULT_BYTES_DATA_KEY // Used to retrieve data stored without a key val requestedKeys = Arrays.asList(key1, key2, key3) // Add keys to array val retrieveRequest = RetrieveBytesRequest.Builder() .setKeys(requestedKeys) .build() client.retrieveBytes(retrieveRequest) .addOnSuccessListener { result: RetrieveBytesResponse -> val blockstoreDataMap = result.blockstoreDataMap for ((key, value) in blockstoreDataMap) { Log.d(ContentValues.TAG, String.format( "Retrieved bytes %s associated with key %s.", String(value.bytes), key)) } } .addOnFailureListener { e: Exception? -> Log.e(ContentValues.TAG, "Failed to store bytes", e) }</pre></devsite-code> <h4 id="retrieving-all-tokens" data-text="Retrieving all tokens." tabindex="-1">Retrieving all tokens.</h4></section> </div> Below is an example of how to retrieve all the tokens saved to BlockStore. <div class="ds-selector-tabs" data-ds-scope="code-sample"> <section><h3 id="java_3" data-text="Java" tabindex="-1">Java</h3><div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Java">BlockstoreClient client = Blockstore.getClient(this) // Retrieve all data. RetrieveBytesRequest retrieveRequest = new RetrieveBytesRequest.Builder() .setRetrieveAll(true) .build(); client.retrieveBytes(retrieveRequest) .addOnSuccessListener( result -> { Map<String, BlockstoreData> blockstoreDataMap = result.getBlockstoreDataMap(); for (Map.Entry<String, BlockstoreData> entry : blockstoreDataMap.entrySet()) { Log.d(TAG, String.format( "Retrieved bytes %s associated with key %s.", new String(entry.getValue().getBytes()), entry.getKey())); } }) .addOnFailureListener(e -> Log.e(TAG, "Failed to store bytes", e));</pre></devsite-code></section> <section><h3 id="kotlin_3" data-text="Kotlin" tabindex="-1">Kotlin</h3><div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Kotlin">val client = Blockstore.getClient(this) val retrieveRequest = RetrieveBytesRequest.Builder() .setRetrieveAll(true) .build() client.retrieveBytes(retrieveRequest) .addOnSuccessListener { result: RetrieveBytesResponse -> val blockstoreDataMap = result.blockstoreDataMap for ((key, value) in blockstoreDataMap) { Log.d(ContentValues.TAG, String.format( "Retrieved bytes %s associated with key %s.", String(value.bytes), key)) } } .addOnFailureListener { e: Exception? -> Log.e(ContentValues.TAG, "Failed to store bytes", e) }</pre></devsite-code></section> </div> <aside class="note"> retrieveBytes() deprecation. <code translate="no" dir="ltr">retrieveBytes()</code> is now deprecated. To retrieve bytes, the key BlockstoreClient.DEFAULT_BYTES_DATA_KEY can be used in the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">RetrieveBytesRequest</code> instance in order to get your saved data </aside> Below is an example of how to retrieve the default key. <div class="ds-selector-tabs" data-ds-scope="code-sample"> <section><h3 id="java_4" data-text="Java" tabindex="-1">Java</h3><div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Java">BlockStoreClient client = Blockstore.getClient(this); RetrieveBytesRequest retrieveRequest = new RetrieveBytesRequest.Builder() .setKeys(Arrays.asList(BlockstoreClient.DEFAULT_BYTES_DATA_KEY)) .build(); client.retrieveBytes(retrieveRequest);</pre></devsite-code></section> <section><h3 id="kotlin_4" data-text="Kotlin" tabindex="-1">Kotlin</h3><div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Kotlin">val client = Blockstore.getClient(this) val retrieveRequest = RetrieveBytesRequest.Builder() .setKeys(Arrays.asList(BlockstoreClient.DEFAULT_BYTES_DATA_KEY)) .build() client.retrieveBytes(retrieveRequest)</pre></devsite-code></section> </div> <h3 id="deleting-tokens" data-text="Deleting tokens" tabindex="-1">Deleting tokens</h3> Deleting tokens from BlockStore may be required for the following reasons: <ul> <li>User goes through sign out user flow.</li> <li>Token has been revoked or is invalid.</li> </ul> Similar to retrieving tokens, you can specify which tokens need deleting by setting an array of keys which require deletion. Below is in example for deleting certain keys. <div class="ds-selector-tabs" data-ds-scope="code-sample"> <section><h3 id="java_5" data-text="Java" tabindex="-1">Java</h3><div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Java">BlockstoreClient client = Blockstore.getClient(this); // Delete data associated with certain keys. String key1 = "com.example.app.key1"; String key2 = "com.example.app.key2"; String key3 = BlockstoreClient.DEFAULT_BYTES_DATA_KEY; // Used to delete data stored without key List<String> requestedKeys = Arrays.asList(key1, key2, key3) // Add keys to array DeleteBytesRequest deleteRequest = new DeleteBytesRequest.Builder() .setKeys(requestedKeys) .build(); client.deleteBytes(deleteRequest)</pre></devsite-code></section> <section><h3 id="kotlin_5" data-text="Kotlin" tabindex="-1">Kotlin</h3><div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Kotlin">val client = Blockstore.getClient(this) // Retrieve data associated with certain keys. val key1 = "com.example.app.key1" val key2 = "com.example.app.key2" val key3 = BlockstoreClient.DEFAULT_BYTES_DATA_KEY // Used to retrieve data stored without a key val requestedKeys = Arrays.asList(key1, key2, key3) // Add keys to array val retrieveRequest = DeleteBytesRequest.Builder() .setKeys(requestedKeys) .build() client.deleteBytes(retrieveRequest)</pre></devsite-code></section> </div> <h4 id="delete-all-tokens" data-text="Delete All Tokens" tabindex="-1">Delete All Tokens</h4> The example below deletes all the tokens currently saved to BlockStore: <div class="ds-selector-tabs" data-ds-scope="code-sample"> <section><h3 id="java_6" data-text="Java" tabindex="-1">Java</h3><div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Java">// Delete all data. DeleteBytesRequest deleteAllRequest = new DeleteBytesRequest.Builder() .setDeleteAll(true) .build(); client.deleteBytes(deleteAllRequest) .addOnSuccessListener(result -> Log.d(TAG, "Any data found and deleted? " + result));</pre></devsite-code></section> <section><h3 id="kotlin_6" data-text="Kotlin" tabindex="-1">Kotlin</h3><div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Kotlin"> val deleteAllRequest = DeleteBytesRequest.Builder() .setDeleteAll(true) .build() client.deleteBytes(deleteAllRequest) .addOnSuccessListener { result: Boolean -> Log.d(TAG, "Any data found and deleted? $result") }</pre></devsite-code></section> </div> <h3 id="end-to-end-encryption" data-text="End-to-end encryption" tabindex="-1">End-to-end encryption</h3> In order for end-to-end encryption to be made available, the device must be running Android 9 or higher, and the user must have set a screen lock (PIN, pattern, or password) for their device. You can verify if encryption will be available on the device by calling <a href="/android/reference/com/google/android/gms/auth/blockstore/BlockstoreClient#isEndToEndEncryptionAvailable()"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">isEndToEndEncryptionAvailable()</code></a>. The following sample shows how to verify if encryption will be available during cloud backup: <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Kotlin"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">client.isEndToEndEncryptionAvailable() .addOnSuccessListener { result -> Log.d(TAG, "Will Block Store cloud backup be end-to-end encrypted? $result") } </code></pre></devsite-code><aside class="note">Note: It is recommended to verify that end-to-end encryption is available prior to enabling cloud backup.</aside> <h3 id="enable-cloud-backup" data-text="Enable cloud backup" tabindex="-1">Enable cloud backup</h3> To enable cloud backup, add the <a href="/android/reference/com/google/android/gms/auth/blockstore/StoreBytesData#shouldBackupToCloud()"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">setShouldBackupToCloud()</code></a> method to your <a href="/android/reference/com/google/android/gms/auth/blockstore/StoreBytesData"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">StoreBytesData</code></a> object. Block Store will periodically backup to cloud the bytes stored when <code translate="no" dir="ltr">setShouldBackupToCloud()</code> is set as true. The following sample shows how to enable cloud backup only when cloud backup is end-to-end encrypted: <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Kotlin"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">val client = Blockstore.getClient(this) val storeBytesDataBuilder = StoreBytesData.Builder() .setBytes(/* BYTE_ARRAY */) client.isEndToEndEncryptionAvailable() .addOnSuccessListener { isE2EEAvailable -> if (isE2EEAvailable) { storeBytesDataBuilder.setShouldBackupToCloud(true) Log.d(TAG, "E2EE is available, enable backing up bytes to the cloud.") client.storeBytes(storeBytesDataBuilder.build()) .addOnSuccessListener { result -> Log.d(TAG, "stored: ${result.getBytesStored()}") }.addOnFailureListener { e -> Log.e(TAG, “Failed to store bytes”, e) } } else { Log.d(TAG, "E2EE is not available, only store bytes for D2D restore.") } } </code></pre></devsite-code><aside class="note">Note: If <a href="/android/reference/com/google/android/gms/auth/blockstore/BlockstoreClient#public-abstract-taskinteger-storebytes-storebytesdata-storebytesdata"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">storeBytes</code></a> is called with <code translate="no" dir="ltr">shouldBackupToCloud</code> unset or set as false, then this device’s bytes previously backed up to cloud will be deleted from the cloud upon next periodic sync.</aside> <h2 id="how-to-test" data-text="How to test" tabindex="-1">How to test</h2> Use the following methods during development in order to test the restore flows. <h3 id="testing-same-device" data-text="Same device uninstall/reinstall" tabindex="-1">Same device uninstall/reinstall</h3> If the user enables Backup services (it can be checked at Settings > Google > Backup), Block Store data is persisted across the app uninstall/reinstall. You can follow these steps to test: <ol> <li>Integrate the BlockStore API to your test app.</li> <li>Use the test app to invoke the BlockStore API to store your data.</li> <li>Uninstall your test app and then reinstall your app on the same device.</li> <li>Use the test app to invoke the BlockStore API to retrieve your data.</li> <li>Verify that the bytes retrieved are the same as what were stored before uninstallation.</li> </ol> <aside class="note">Note: Since it takes more steps to test cross-device restore, it’s recommended to first verify the integration of your app with BlockStore API using the uninstall/reinstall case.</aside> <h3 id="testing-device-to-device" data-text="Device-to-device" tabindex="-1">Device-to-device</h3> In most cases, this will require a factory reset of the target device. You can then enter the <a href="/identity/blockstore/android/testing-restore-flows#android_wireless_restore">Android wireless restore flow</a> or <a href="/identity/blockstore/android/testing-restore-flows#google_cable_restore">Google cable restore</a> (for supported devices). <aside class="note">Note: If the target device is a Samsung Galaxy, you can enter the restore flow by launching <a href="https://www.samsung.com/us/support/owners/app/smart-switch" class="external">Smart Switch</a> outside of setup.</aside> <h3 id="cloud_restore" data-text="Cloud restore" tabindex="-1">Cloud restore</h3> <ol> <li>Integrate the Blockstore API to your test app. The test app needs to be submitted to the Play Store.</li> <li>On the source device, use the test app to invoke the Blockstore API to store your data, with shouldBackUpToCloud set to true.</li> <li>For O and above devices, you can manually trigger a Block Store cloud backup: go to Settings > Google > Backup, click the “Backup Now” button. <ol> <li>To verify that Block Store cloud backup succeeded, you can: <ol> <li>After the backup finishes, search for log lines with tag “CloudSyncBpTkSvc”.</li> <li>You should see lines like this: “......, CloudSyncBpTkSvc: sync result: SUCCESS, ..., uploaded size: XXX bytes ...”</li> </ol></li> <li>After a Block Store cloud backup, there’s a 5-minute “cool down” period. Within that 5 minutes, clicking the “Backup Now” button won’t trigger another Block Store cloud backup.</li> </ol></li> <li>Factory reset the target device and go through a cloud restore flow. Select to restore your test app during the restore flow. For more information about cloud restore flows, see <a href="/identity/blockstore/android/testing-restore-flows#supported_cloud_restore_flow">Supported cloud restore flows</a>.</li> <li>On the target device, use the test app to invoke the Blockstore API to retrieve your data.</li> <li>Verify that the bytes retrieved are the same as what were stored in the source device.</li> </ol> <h2 id="device-requirements" data-text="Device Requirements" tabindex="-1">Device Requirements</h2> <h3 id="end-to-end-encryption-requirements" data-text="End to End Encryption" tabindex="-1">End to End Encryption</h3> <ul> <li>End to End encryption is supported on devices running Android 9 (API 29) and above. </li> <li>The device must have a screen lock set with a PIN, pattern, or password for end to end encryption to be enabled and correctly encrypt the user’s data.</li> </ul> <aside class="note">Note: <a href="/android/reference/com/google/android/gms/auth/blockstore/StoreBytesData#public-abstract-taskboolean-isendtoendencryptionavailable">isEndtoEndEncryptionAvailable()</a> will return false if any of these conditions is not met.</aside> <h3 id="device-to-device-restore-flow-requirements" data-text="Device to Device Restore Flow" tabindex="-1">Device to Device Restore Flow</h3> Device to device restore will require you to have a source device and a target device. These will be the two devices which are transferring data. Source devices must be running Android 6 (API 23) and above to backup. Target devices running Android 9 (API 29) and above to have the ability to restore. More information on the device to device restore flow can be found <a href="/identity/blockstore/android/testing-restore-flows#supported_cloud_restore_flow">here</a>. <h3 id="cloud-backup-and-restore-flow-requirements" data-text="Cloud Backup and Restore Flow" tabindex="-1">Cloud Backup and Restore Flow</h3> Cloud backup and restore will require a source device and a target device. Source devices must be running Android 6 (API 23) and above to backup. Target devices are supported based on their vendors. 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