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a.active-menu, ul#main-menu li.menu-25970.top-level a.active, ul#main-menu li.menu-25970.top-level a.hover, ul#main-menu li.menu-25970.top-level a.active-menu, ul#main-menu li.menu-25994.top-level a.active, ul#main-menu li.menu-25994.top-level a.hover, ul#main-menu li.menu-25994.top-level a.active-menu, ul#main-menu li.menu-23525.top-level a.active, ul#main-menu li.menu-23525.top-level a.hover, ul#main-menu li.menu-39043.top-level a.hover, ul#main-menu li.menu-39043.top-level a.active, ul#main-menu li.menu-39043.top-level a.active-menu, ul#main-menu li.menu-46805.top-level a.active, ul#main-menu li.menu-46805.top-level a.active-menu { background-color: #f2f2f2; } ul#main-menu li.menu-23304.top-level a.active, ul#main-menu li.menu-23304.top-level a.hover, ul#main-menu li.menu-23304.top-level a.active-menu, ul#main-menu li.menu-45709.top-level a.active, ul#main-menu li.menu-45709.top-level a.hover, ul#main-menu li.menu-45709.top-level a.active-menu, ul#main-menu li.menu-22773.top-level a.active, ul#main-menu li.menu-22773.top-level a.hover, ul#main-menu li.menu-22763.top-level a.active, ul#main-menu li.menu-22763.top-level a.hover, ul#main-menu li.menu-22781.top-level a.active, ul#main-menu li.menu-22781.top-level a.hover, ul#main-menu li.menu-22747.top-level a.active, ul#main-menu li.menu-22747.top-level a.hover, ul#main-menu li.menu-46805.top-level a.hover, { background-color: #f2f2f2; } .view-id-articles_by_property_view.view-display-id-page_1 .view-header { margin-bottom: 2rem; } .view-articles-by-property-view.view-id-articles_by_property_view.view-display-id-page_2 { margin-top: 5rem; margin-bottom: 5rem; } body.not-front .field-content.post-date { font-weight: 500; font-size: 1.2rem; line-height: 1.1666; color: #4d4c4c; letter-spacing: 0.77px; text-transform: uppercase; display: block; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0.8rem; } body.node-type-article.og-context-node-61823 .node-article p, body.node-type-article.og-context-node-61823 .node-article li, body.node-type-article.og-context-node-62054 .node-article p, body.node-type-article.og-context-node-62054 .node-article li, body.node-type-article.og-context-node-62048 .node-article p, body.node-type-article.og-context-node-62048 .node-article li, body.node-type-article.og-context-node-62003 .node-article p, body.node-type-article.og-context-node-62003 .node-article li, body.node-type-article.og-context-node-62051 .node-article p, body.node-type-article.og-context-node-62051 .node-article li, body.node-type-article.og-context-node-62045 .node-article p, body.node-type-article.og-context-node-62045 .node-article li, body.property-type-9040 p, body.property-type-9040 li, body.property-type-8447 p, body.property-type-8447 li, body.property-type-8450 p, body.property-type-8450 li { font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.5; } body.og-context-node-62054 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img, body.og-context-node-61823 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img, body.og-context-node-62051 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img, body.og-context-node-62003 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img, body.og-context-node-62048 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img { margin-right: 0; } body.og-context-node-102953 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img img, body.og-context-node-102950 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img img, body.og-context-node-102947 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img img, body.og-context-node-102932 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img img, body.og-context-node-102944 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img img, body.og-context-node-102941 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img img { height: 71px; width: 77px; } body.og-context-node-62054 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img img, body.og-context-node-61823 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img img, body.og-context-node-62051 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img img, body.og-context-node-62003 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img img, body.og-context-node-62048 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img img, body.og-context-node-62045 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img img { height: 75px; width: 85px; } body.og-context-node-97691 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img, body.og-context-node-97693 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img, body.og-context-node-97692 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img, body.og-context-node-97694 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img, body.og-context-node-97696 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img, body.og-context-node-97697 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img { margin: 0; } body.og-context-node-97691 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img img, body.og-context-node-97693 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img img, body.og-context-node-97692 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img img, body.og-context-node-97694 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img img, body.og-context-node-97696 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img img, body.og-context-node-97697 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img img { margin-top: -2px; width: 78px; height: 78px; } body.og-context-node-170924 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img { margin: 0; } body.og-context-node-170924 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img img { width: 84px !important; } .view-id-articles_by_property_view.view-display-id-page_1 #views-bootstrap-grid-1 .row > .col-xs-12.col-sm-6.col-md-4.col-lg-4, .view-id-articles_by_property_view.view-display-id-page_5 #views-bootstrap-grid-1 .row > .col-xs-12.col-sm-6.col-md-4.col-lg-4, .view-id-articles_by_property_view.view-display-id-page_9 #views-bootstrap-grid-1 .row > .col-xs-12.col-sm-6.col-md-4.col-lg-4, .view-id-articles_by_property_view.view-display-id-page_10 #views-bootstrap-grid-1 .row > .col-xs-12.col-sm-6.col-md-4.col-lg-4 { margin-bottom: 4rem; } .node-article .read-more-button { margin-bottom: 4rem; } .section.more-stories-by::after { border-top: none; } .view-articles-by-issue-with-podcast .views-field-php { margin-bottom: 4rem; } .og-context-node-54396.node-type-article ul.breadcrumb { display:none; } .og-context-node-54396 .footer-fluid, .page-isotope-articles .footer-fluid { margin-top: 4rem; } .view-property-slideshows-by-taxonomy .item { margin-bottom: 4rem; } .node-sidebar .node-sidebar-item { margin-top: 4rem; } .node-sidebar .node-sidebar-item:first-child { margin-top: 0; } body.node-type-page h1 { font-size:4rem; } .library_field { margin-top: 1rem; font-weight: 700; } .historical-note { font-size: 12px; } .small-view .views-field-title { width: 94%; } body.node-type-article .article-body ul { width: 90%; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; margin-top: 1em; list-style: inherit; } node-type-article .node-article .image-gallery-main-image .image-metadata, .node-article .article-body .image-metadata, .node-type-article .node-article > .image-metadata { margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; } body.node-type-article .article-body ul li { list-style-image: inherit; list-style-type: inherit; margin-left: inherit; } body.property-type-11 .view-articles-by-property-view ul li { margin-top: 1rem; } body.node-type-file-object article ul { list-style: inherit; } body.node-type-file-object article ul li { list-style-image: inherit; list-style-type: inherit; margin-left: 2em; } /* body.property-type-14.node-type-property .property_home_page_section_articles_second {*/ body.page-node-81254 .property_home_page_section_articles.gray-bg .property_home_page_section_articles_second { display:none; } body.page-node-81254 .property_home_page_section_articles.gray-bg .property_home_page_section_articles_second { display:none; } /* body.page-node-81254 .property_home_page_section_articles.gray-bg .container { font-size: 0; } */ body.page-node-81254 .property_home_page_section_articles.gray-bg .container .property_home_page_section_articles_first { font-size: inherit; } body.front.i18n-fr .aan_image, body.front.i18n-es .aan_image, body.front.i18n-ru .aan_image, body.front.i18n-ar .aan_image, body.front.i18n-zh-hans .aan_image { display:none; } .page-node-81254.og-context-node-81254 .view-id-unorg_home_top_multiitem_nodequeue .unorg-home-hero { margin-bottom: 5rem; } /* dhl */ .og-context-node-74753 ul#main-menu ul.subnav li a, .og-context-node-74762 ul#main-menu ul.subnav li a { font-size:12px; } .og-context-node-74768 ul#main-menu ul.subnav li a, .og-context-node-74765 ul#main-menu ul.subnav li, .og-context-node-59110 ul#main-menu ul.subnav li, .og-context-node-59107 ul#main-menu ul.subnav li { font-size: 10px; } .og-context-node-74753 .node.node-page .content > .row > .col-sm-3, .og-context-node-74753.node-type-article section#block-system-main > .row > .col-sm-3, .og-context-node-74774 .node.node-page .content > .row > .col-sm-3, .og-context-node-74774.node-type-article section#block-system-main > .row > .col-sm-3, .og-context-node-74762 .node.node-page .content > .row > .col-sm-3, .og-context-node-74762.node-type-article section#block-system-main > .row > .col-sm-3, .og-context-node-74768 .node.node-page .content > .row > .col-sm-3, .og-context-node-74768.node-type-article section#block-system-main > .row > .col-sm-3, .og-context-node-74765 .node.node-page .content > .row > .col-sm-3, .og-context-node-74765.node-type-article section#block-system-main > .row > .col-sm-3 { border-left: solid 2px #ededed; } .og-context-node-74777 .node.node-page .content > .row > .col-sm-3, .og-context-node-74777.node-type-article section#block-system-main > .row > .col-sm-3 { border-right: solid 2px #ededed; } .og-context-node-74777 p { line-height: 1.75; } .og-context-node-74777 .node.node-page .content > .row > .col-sm-3 ul li { line-height: 1.75; } .og-context-node-74777 h1.page-header { font-size: 4rem; } .og-context-node-74753 .node.node-page .content > .row > .col-sm-9 a, .og-context-node-74777 .node.node-page .content > .row > .col-sm-9 a, .og-context-node-74774 .node.node-page .content > .row > .col-sm-9 a, .og-context-node-74762 .node.node-page .content > .row > .col-sm-9 a, .og-context-node-74768 .node.node-page .content > .row > .col-sm-9 a, .og-context-node-74765 .node.node-page .content > .row > .col-sm-9 a { border-bottom: dotted 0.1rem #333333; } .og-context-node-74753 .node.node-page .content > .row > .col-sm-9 h2, .og-context-node-74753 .node.node-page .content > .row > .col-sm-9 h3, .og-context-node-74777 .node.node-page .content > .row > .col-sm-9 h2, .og-context-node-74777 .node.node-page .content > .row > .col-sm-9 h3, .og-context-node-74774 .node.node-page .content > .row > .col-sm-9 h2, .og-context-node-74774 .node.node-page .content > .row > .col-sm-9 h3, .og-context-node-74762 .node.node-page .content > .row > .col-sm-9 h2, .og-context-node-74762 .node.node-page .content > .row > .col-sm-9 h3, .og-context-node-74768 .node.node-page .content > .row > .col-sm-9 h2, .og-context-node-74768 .node.node-page .content > .row > .col-sm-9 h3, .og-context-node-74765 .node.node-page .content > .row > .col-sm-9 h2, .og-context-node-74765 .node.node-page .content > .row > .col-sm-9 h3 { margin-top: 4rem; } .og-context-node-74768 ul#main-menu ul.subnav li, .og-context-node-74765 ul#main-menu ul.subnav li, .og-context-node-74762 ul#main-menu ul.subnav li, .og-context-node-74753 ul#main-menu ul.subnav li, .og-context-node-74774 ul#main-menu ul.subnav li, .og-context-node-74777 ul#main-menu ul.subnav li, ul#main-menu ul.subnav li { white-space: nowrap; overflow-x: auto; overflow-y: hidden; padding: 3px; } .og-context-node-74768 ul#main-menu ul.subnav li a, .og-context-node-74765 ul#main-menu ul.subnav li a, .og-context-node-74762 ul#main-menu ul.subnav li a, .og-context-node-74753 ul#main-menu ul.subnav li a { font-size: 12px; } .node-sidebar-item-body ul { list-style: inherit; } .node-sidebar-item-body ul li { list-style-image: inherit; list-style-type: inherit; margin-left: 15px; } body.i18n-zh-hans.og-context-node-74774, body.i18n-zh-hans.og-context-node-74774 p { font-size: 1.61rem; line-height: 1.61; } body.i18n-zh-hans.og-context-node-74774 h3 { font-size: 2.8rem; line-height: 1.34; } body.i18n-zh-hans.og-context-node-74774 .home-footer h4 { font-size: 2.3rem; line-height: 1.265; } .not-front .home-footer .footer-fluid .footer.container.dark ul li::before { content: ""; } /* /dhl */ body.article-type-7 .node-sidebar .field-name-body.field-type-text-with-summary.field-label-above .field-label { display: none; } /* .page-calendar-by-property .feed-icon img { width: inherit; } */ .feed-icon img { width: inherit; } li.top-level ul.subnav-active-menu { z-index:10; } body.node-type-file-object article .field-name-field-image.field-type-image img { width: inherit; } .node-type-property .un-facts-heading h4.un-facts { font-size: 2.2rem; color: white; letter-spacing: 0.5px; line-height: 1.1818; text-align: left; text-shadow: 0 0 0.1rem rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); padding: 0.2rem 0 0.4rem 1.7rem; border-left: solid 0.5rem rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.3); } .node-type-property .un-facts-heading h4.un-facts a { color: white; } .property-type-14 .unorg-home-5x4.third-story { margin-top: 3rem; } .property-type-14 .property_home_page_section_articles.gray-bg { background-color: inherit; } .property-type-14 .property_home_page_section_articles.gray-bg .container { background-color: #f2f2f2 !important; padding-bottom: 4rem; } .og-context-node-98731.node-type-page #block-system-main img{ width: inherit; } /* .view-articles-by-property-view .row h3 { margin-bottom: 4rem; } */ body.page-articles-by-property-local-category .view-articles-by-property-view .row .col-xs-12.col-sm-6.col-md-4.col-lg-4 { margin-bottom: 4rem; } .page-node-106961 #toggle-play, .page-node-106961 #toggle-pause { bottom: 180px; } .view-dhl.view-display-id-page .views-widget-filter-data_1 { display: none; } .view-un-org-home-news-row.view-id-un_org_home_news_row.view-display-id-block_2 p, .view-unorg-home-top-multiitem-nodequeue.view-display-id-block_1 p, .view-unorg-home-top-multiitem-nodequeue.view-display-id-block_5 p { font-size: 14px; } .un-org-home-news-row-block-2 { margin-top: 4rem; } body.not-front.i18n-ar div.category { letter-spacing: inherit; text-transform: inherit; } body.node-type-book .book-toc { display: none; } .calendar-calendar .month-view .full td.single-day div.monthview { background: inherit; } .i18n-ar .calendar-calendar .month-view .full td.multi-day .calendar.monthview .contents, .i18n-ar .calendar-calendar .week-view .full td.multi-day .calendar.weekview .contents { right: 0; left: 5px; } .navbar-full.navbar { background-color: #4d4d4d; padding: 0; height: 34px; box-shadow: 0 2px 5px 0 rgb(0 0 0 / 30%); margin-bottom: 0; z-index: 99; } body.node-type-page .field-name-body ol, body.not-front .views-field-body ol { list-style-type: decimal; } ol.blue-list li::marker { color: #009edb; font-weight: bold; font-size: 20px; } body.node-type-page .field-name-body ol li, body.not-front .views-field-body ol li { margin-left: 2rem; } .view-event-flat-calendar-by-property.view-display-id-page h3 { clear: both; padding:0.5em 0; } .view-event-flat-calendar-by-property.view-display-id-page .views-field.views-field-field-event-date-1 { float: left; margin-right: 50px; } .view-event-flat-calendar-by-property.view-display-id-page .views-field.views-field-title { clear: both; display: inline; } .view-event-flat-calendar-by-property.view-display-id-page .views-row { clear: both; margin-bottom: 1rem; } .view-event-flat-calendar-by-property.view-display-id-page .views-row a { border-bottom: dotted 0.1rem #333333; } .full_observances_list { text-align: right; } .i18n-ar .full_observances_list { text-align: left; } .full_observances_list a::after { font-family: FontAwesome; margin-left: 3px; color: #00a1d9; content: "\f101"; line-height: 1; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; } .i18n-ar .full_observances_list a::after { margin-right: 3px; content: "\f100"; } .page-node-132204 .property_home_page_section.gray-bg { background-color: #ffffff !important; } .page-node-132204 .property_home_page_section.gray-bg .container { background-color: #f2f2f2 !important; padding-top: 4rem; padding-bottom: 4rem; } body.page-node-132204.property-type-14.node-type-property .property_home_page_section.gray-bg { padding-top: inherit; padding-bottom: inherit; } .i18n-ar .front-wrapper header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand { font-size: 2.1rem; margin-top: 0.5rem; line-height: 1.6; } .node-type-book.og-context-node-40059 ul { list-style: inherit; } .node-type-book.og-context-node-40059 ul li { list-style-image: inherit; list-style-type: inherit; margin-left: 2em; } ul#main-menu li.menu-33990.top-level a, ul#main-menu li.menu-45720.top-level a, ul#main-menu li.menu-45912.top-level a, ul#main-menu li.menu-46218.top-level a, ul#main-menu li.menu-46227.top-level a, ul#main-menu li.menu-46154.top-level a, ul#main-menu li.menu-46228.top-level a { background-color: #009edb; } ul#main-menu li.menu-33990.top-level a.active, ul#main-menu li.menu-33990.top-level a:hover, ul#main-menu li.menu-33990.top-level a.active-menu, ul#main-menu li.menu-45720.top-level a.active, ul#main-menu li.menu-45720.top-level a:hover, ul#main-menu li.menu-45720.top-level a.active-menu, ul#main-menu li.menu-45912.top-level a.active, ul#main-menu li.menu-45912.top-level a:hover, ul#main-menu li.menu-45912.top-level a.active-menu, ul#main-menu li.menu-46218.top-level a.active, ul#main-menu li.menu-46218.top-level a:hover, ul#main-menu li.menu-46218.top-level a.active-menu, ul#main-menu li.menu-46227.top-level a.active, ul#main-menu li.menu-46227.top-level a:hover, ul#main-menu li.menu-46227.top-level a.active-menu, ul#main-menu li.menu-46154.top-level a.active, ul#main-menu li.menu-46154.top-level a:hover, ul#main-menu li.menu-46154.top-level a.active-menu, ul#main-menu li.menu-46228.top-level a.active, ul#main-menu li.menu-46228.top-level a:hover, ul#main-menu li.menu-46228.top-level a.active-menu { background: #f2f2f2; color: black; } body.node-type-article #toggle-play, body.node-type-article #toggle-pause { bottom: 150px; } @media only screen and (max-width: 1000px) { .view-event-flat-calendar-by-property.view-display-id-page .views-field.views-field-title { clear: both; width: 500px !important; float: right; display: block; } .view-event-flat-calendar-by-property.view-display-id-page .views-field.views-field-field-event-date-1 { float: left; margin-right: 0px; } } @media only screen and (max-width: 720px) { .view-event-flat-calendar-by-property.view-display-id-page .views-field.views-field-title { width: 360px !important; } } @media only screen and (max-width: 400px) { .view-event-flat-calendar-by-property.view-display-id-page .views-field.views-field-title { width: 200px !important; } } @media (max-width: 768px) { body.front #live_now_button { display: block; float: left !important; } body.front.i18n-ar #live_now_button { float: right !important; } header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-btn::after { border-right: 0; } body.not-front header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img img { height: 40px; width: 89px; } body.not-front .navbar-header .navbar-brand-img-subtitle-1, body.not-front .navbar-header .navbar-brand-img-subtitle-2 { margin-top: 60px; padding: 0; } body.i18n-ar li.top-level ul.subnav-active, body.i18n-ar li.top-level ul.subnav-active-menu { padding: 0; position: inherit; } body.i18n-ar ul#main-menu ul.subnav li { padding-bottom: 10px; padding-top: 10px; padding-right: 2em; background-color: #ffffff; float: none; border-bottom: #f2f2f2 solid 1px; } body.i18n-ar ul#main-menu ul.subnav li a { background-color: #ffffff; padding: 0; } body.page-desa-products .table-responsive table.table { font-size: 8px; } body.page-desa-products .table-responsive > .table > tbody > tr > td { white-space: inherit; } } @media (min-width: 992px) { body.node-type-article .article-body ul { width: 55%; } body.node-type-article .node-article .image-gallery-main-image .image-metadata, .node-article .article-body .image-metadata, .node-type-article .node-article > .image-metadata { width: 55%; } } /*Ocean 2022 logo*/ /* body.property-type-8453 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img img { width: 261px !important; height: 79px !important; margin-top: 0; } @media (max-width: 768px) { body.property-type-8453 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img img { width: 164px !important; height: 50px !important; margin-top: 0; } body.og-context-node-170924 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img img { width: 66px !important; margin-top: -14px; } } */ </style> </section> <section id="block-block-60" class="block block-block clearfix"> <style type="text/css">/* -- begin added by Tulin -- */ /* ****** effects for headers ***** */ h1.header-entry-page { font-size: 4.5rem !important; } h3.header-lg { font-size: 4rem; } h3.header-md { font-size: 3rem; } .heading-underlined-blue::after { content: ''; display: block; margin: 1.5rem 0 2rem 0; border-top: #00a1d9 solid 3px; width: 33%; } .heading-underlined-blue { margin-top: 5rem; } .heading-center-underline { text-align: center !important; } .heading-center-underline::after { content: ''; display: block; margin-left: 25% !important; margin-right: 50% !important; text-align: center; margin-top: 1.0501050105rem; border-top: #009edb 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class="view view-banner-by-property view-id-banner_by_property view-display-id-block view-dom-id-24b3d15aa7b02223d8f49c4118db9665"> </div> </div> <a id="main-content"></a>  <section class="region region-content"> <section id="block-system-main" class="block block-system clearfix"> <div id="node-112830" class="node node-page clearfix" about="/en/climatechange/raising-ambition/climate-finance" typeof="foaf:Document"> <span property="dc:title" content="Finance & Justice" class="rdf-meta element-hidden"></span> <div class="content"> <div class="field field-name-body field-type-text-with-summary field-label-hidden"><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even" property="content:encoded"><div class="bottommargin clearfix"> <div class="col-lg-7"> <div class="body-article"> <h1 class="page-header">Finance & Justice</h1> <p>While all people have inherent human rights to live and thrive, <strong>the lack of resources to limit and adjust to the impacts of climate change is pushing a decent life and even survival beyond reach for many</strong>. That’s a stark injustice, compounded by the fact that countries and communities with the most limited means are mostly those who have contributed little to causing climate change. Most greenhouse gas emissions have come from wealthier countries. Poorer nations, with fewer factories and cars and household appliances burning fossil fuels, have historically emitted only a small share of the total.</p> <p>The original 1992 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change set the stage for climate justice by embracing a landmark principle: <a href="https://unfccc.int/news/the-explainer-the-paris-agreement">common but differentiated responsibilities</a>. It requires everyone to act on climate change. But justice demands that <strong>those who have contributed more to the problem assume a greater responsibility for solving it</strong>. Heavy emitters have to act first and fast in cutting pollution. Justice also depends on wealthier nations providing finance to countries with more limited means so they can keep up with enormous financial burdens as climate change accelerates.</p> <p>In many respects, <strong>climate finance, when it is sufficient and invested in the right ways</strong>, is a path to climate justice. How can it happen? </p> <p> </p> <h2>1. Setting a new goal for climate finance</h2> <p>In 2009, developed countries agreed on <a href="https://www.un.org/sites/un2.un.org/files/climate_finance_report.pdf">mobilizing $100 billion</a> a year for developing countries to adapt to climate change and cut greenhouse gas emissions. This included fund flowing through bilateral, regional and multilateral channels, as well private funds, through a variety of mechanisms, such as grants, loans and even insurance.</p> <p>In 2022, developed countries met this goal for the first time, providing a total of <a href="https://www.oecd.org/en/topics/sub-issues/climate-finance-and-the-usd-100-billion-goal.html">$115.9 billion in climate finance</a> for developing countries. However, only a small share of the total went to low-income countries and only about a quarter to Africa. Loans made up the largest funding category, mainly going to middle-income countries. </p> <p>At the UN climate change conference in Paris in 2015, <strong>governments decided to set a New Collective Quantified Goal on climate finance prior to 2025</strong>, amounting to at least $100 billion per year and taking into account the needs and priorities of developing countries. This new goal is meant to be adopted at COP29 in Azerbaijan in November 2024.</p> <p>The new finance goal would channel greater funds towards urgently needed climate action in <a href="https://www.wri.org/insights/vulnerable-countries-cop29-climate-action">developing countries</a>. It would support low-carbon, climate-resilient solutions in energy, transport and agriculture for instance, and should enable developing countries to step up their climate ambitions in the next round of <a href="https://www.wri.org/insights/next-ndcs-5-point-plan">national climate plans</a>, which are due in 2025.</p> <p>The scale of finance needed is significant. Estimates say that emerging markets and developing countries, excluding China, need close to <a href="https://www.lse.ac.uk/granthaminstitute/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/A-Climate-Finance-Framework-IHLEG-Report-2-SUMMARY.pdf">$2.4 trillion a year by 2030</a> to meet climate goals. That is four times what is currently invested. Of this amount, about $1 trillion per year will need to come from international sources of finance, both public and private.</p> <p> </p> <h2>2. Doubling finance for countries to adapt to climate impacts</h2> <p>While every country needs to work towards net-zero emissions, each country and community also must adapt to climate change. Adaptation is the foremost priority in countries with lower emissions and acute vulnerability to climate fallout, as is the case for many small island developing States and least developed countries. Building storm-resistant housing, planting drought-tolerant crops, installing reliable water supplies and investing in social safety nets are among many adaptation essentials.</p> <p><strong>With half the world’s population now living in the climate “danger zone,” where people are 15 times more likely to die from climate impacts, the Secretary-General has called for doubling finance for adaptation</strong>. It must be equitably distributed in ways that do not impose additional constraints. Concerningly, over <a href="https://www.wri.org/insights/adaptation-finance-explained">60 per cent of adaptation finance involves loans</a> instead of grants, a share that has been rising. </p> <p><strong>Climate adaptation is becoming more expensive as the magnitude of climate change sets in</strong>. Countries may need to spend up to $387 billion a year by 2030, and significantly more by 2050, according to the <a href="https://www.unep.org/resources/adaptation-gap-report-2023">United Nations Environment Programme</a>. </p> <p>Despite these needs, and despite pledges made at COP26 in Glasgow to double adaptation finance to around $40 billion per year by 2025, <a href="https://www.oecd.org/en/topics/sub-issues/climate-finance-and-the-usd-100-billion-goal.html">adaptation finance</a> reached only $32.4 billion in 2022. <a href="https://wedocs.unep.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.11822/43865/AGR23_ESEN.pdf?sequence=8">Adaptation finance needs</a> are about 10–18 times as large as current international public adaptation finance flows.</p> <p> </p>  <h2>3. Reforming the World Bank and other development banks to make them fit-for-purpose</h2> <p>The current system of lending money to countries for climate and sustainable development is broken. <strong>The Secretary-General has referred to the international financial system as “short-sighted, crisis-prone, and bear(ing) no relation to the economic reality of today,” noting that it was created before climate change even existed</strong>.</p> <p>The <a href="https://press.un.org/en/2024/ga12641.doc.htm">Pact for the Future</a>, adopted by world leaders in September 2024, presents the most detailed agreement ever at the United Nations on the need to reform the international financial architecture so that it better represents and serves developing countries.</p> <p><strong>Injustices in the international financial system have profound impacts</strong>. Even if many countries want to invest in climate action that benefits the world as a whole, many cannot afford to do so. Currently, 52 developing countries are suffering <a href="https://www.un.org/sites/un2.un.org/files/our-common-agenda-policy-brief-international-finance-architecture-en.pdf">severe debt problems</a>. They are home to 40 per cent of all people living in extreme poverty; half of them are among the world’s most climate-vulnerable nations.</p> <p><strong><a href="https://www.un.org/sites/un2.un.org/files/our-common-agenda-policy-brief-international-finance-architecture-en.pdf">High financing costs</a> largely drive unsustainable national debt burdens</strong>. Even before the recent surge in interest rates, least developed countries borrowing from international capital markets faced rates of up to 8 per cent compared to 1 per cent in many wealthier countries. When it comes to climate finance, this can translate into heavy costs beyond what climate action already requires. In 2019-2020, <a href="https://www.climatepolicyinitiative.org/publication/global-landscape-of-climate-finance-2021/">over 60 per cent of climate finance entailed borrowing funds</a>, or around $384 billion. Only $47 billion came with low cost or concessional interest rates. No-cost grant finance was only $36 billion.</p> <p>The Secretary-General has called for reforming the international financial system to <strong>make climate and development finance more affordable and adequate</strong>, and positioned to combat the scale of the climate crisis. He has urged an <a href="https://www.un.org/en/sdg-stimulus">SDG Stimulus</a> that would boost financing for sustainable development by at least $500 billion per year. The Secretary-General and the Prime Minister of Barbados have joined forces under the <a href="https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/blog/2023/04/press-release-with-clock-ticking-for-the-sdgs-un-chief-and-barbados-prime-minister-call-for-urgent-action-to-transform-broken-global-financial-system/#:~:text=In%20July%202022%2C%20Prime%20Minister,transformation%20of%20the%20financial%20system">Bridgetown Initiative</a>, which advocates channeling billions from the International Monetary Fund, multilateral development banks and the SDG Stimulus Plan to developing nations, and mobilizing over $1.5 trillion annually in private-sector green investments.</p> <p> </p> <h2>4. Mobilizing finance for loss and damage </h2> <p>Funds for adaptation help prepare for and lessen climate impacts. Yet <strong><a href="https://www.un.org/en/climatechange/adelle-thomas-loss-and-damage">loss and damage are inevitable</a>, and disproportionately and unfairly experienced by vulnerable developing countries</strong>. Prolonged heat waves, desertification, ocean acidification and extreme events, such as bushfires and crop failures, are already happening and will become worse over time, destroying infrastructure and sapping struggling economies. Some countries will lose large portions of land to sea level rise.</p> <p><strong>Finance specifically dedicated to loss and damage helps pay for climate-related impacts that happen even if countries adapt and prepare well in advance</strong>. It can draw on various financial tools. The Secretary-General has proposed taxes on windfall fossil fuel profits as one option. Debt swaps, where existing debt is forgiven so that funds can be used for climate responses, offer another alternative.</p> <p>In 2022, <strong>UN climate talks agreed to create a <a href="https://www.unep.org/news-and-stories/story/what-you-need-know-about-cop27-loss-and-damage-fund">Loss and Damage Fund</a></strong>. In 2023, countries set the loss and damage fund in motion, hosted by the World Bank and with <a href="https://unfccc.int/process-and-meetings/bodies/funds-and-financial-entities/loss-and-damage-fund-joint-interim-secretariat/pledges-to-the-loss-and-damage-fund">pledges of almost $700 million</a> starting to fill the fund. </p> <p><strong>Now developed countries must put forth much more finance to fill the fund</strong>. A 2023 <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-023-41888-1">analysis</a> found that, between 2000 and 2019, the world suffered at least $2.8 trillion in <a href="https://www.unep.org/topics/climate-action/loss-and-damage/about-loss-and-damage">loss and damage from climate change</a> – costing around $16 million per hour. </p> <p>The UN Secretary-General has described action on loss and damage as a matter of <a href="https://news.un.org/en/story/2022/11/1130247">international solidarity and climate justice</a>. </p> <p> </p> <div class="embed-responsive embed-responsive-16by9" style="text-align: center;"><iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/64N0hplcDL8?si=eHoCR4FeRwNdhNem" title="YouTube video player"></iframe></div> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong><a href="https://www.youtube.com/embed/64N0hplcDL8?si=eHoCR4FeRwNdhNem">Loss & Damage Fund : Why does it matter?</a></strong></p> <p> </p> <h2>5. Protecting all people from climate disasters with early warning systems by 2027</h2> <p>When disasters loom, <strong>early warning systems save lives</strong>. Yet only half of countries have them. As hazardous weather and climate events intensify, the Secretary-General has launched a drive to cover everyone <a href="https://unfccc.int/news/un-early-warning-systems-must-protect-everyone-within-five-years">by 2027 at the latest</a>. This is more feasible than ever since 75 per cent of people have a mobile phone and 95 per cent can access the Internet. It is also more needed. Disasters have increased five-fold over the last 50 years, causing an average loss of 115 lives and $202 million in losses every day.</p> <p><strong>Early warning systems not only uphold human rights to life and safety but are also highly cost-effective</strong>. The <a href="https://gca.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/GlobalCommission_Report_FINAL.pdf">Global Commission on Adaptation</a> estimated that a 24-hour notice of an impending disaster can reduce damage by 30 per cent. Investing $800 million in such systems in developing countries would prevent losses of $3 to $16 billion annually.</p> <p>With that in mind, the <a href="https://www.un.org/en/climatechange/early-warnings-for-all">Early Warnings for All</a> initiative advocates spending $3.1 billion from 2023 to 2027 to achieve universal coverage. <strong>That’s equivalent to just 50 cents per person a year</strong>. To marshal rapid action, the United Nations is partnering with the Red Cross, civil society, tech companies, donor governments, development banks and the insurance sector.</p> <p> </p> </div> </div>   <div class="col-lg-4 col-lg-offset-1 topmargin-sm">  <div class="topmargin leftmargin-sm rightmargin-sm"><a href="https://www.un.org/en/climatechange/why-finance-climate-action"><img alt="climate finance report" src="https://www.un.org/sites/un2.un.org/files/field/image/finance-climate-action.jpg"></a> <h3 class="heading-border block"><a href="https://www.un.org/en/climatechange/why-finance-climate-action">Why finance climate action?</a></h3> <p style="margin-top: 10px;">Climate action requires significant investment, but its value is immense: a livable climate. Countries around the world are showing how climate finance can improve people’s lives and prospects for the planet.</p> <p><a class="view-more-link" href="https://www.un.org/en/climatechange/why-finance-climate-action">Read more</a></p> </div>   <div class="topmargin leftmargin-sm rightmargin-sm"> <a href="https://www.un.org/en/climatechange/climate-adaptation"><img alt="photocomposition: a piece of land with city, cars and houses inside of a dome, protected by a wave coming from the left of the side of the image" src="https://www.un.org/sites/un2.un.org/files/adaptation-side-panel.jpg"></a> <h3 class="heading-border block"><a href="https://www.un.org/en/climatechange/climate-adaptation">Adaptation</a></h3> <p style="margin-top: 10px;">What is climate adaptation? Why is it so important for every country? Find out how we can protect lives and livelihoods as the climate changes.</p> <p><a class="view-more-link" href="https://www.un.org/en/climatechange/climate-adaptation">Read more</a></p> </div>  <div class="topmargin leftmargin-sm rightmargin-sm"> <a href="https://www.un.org/en/climatechange/mafalda-duarte-climate-finance-catalyses-change"><img alt="Mafalda Duarte, CEO of the Climate Investment Funds" src="https://www.un.org/sites/un2.un.org/files/mafalda-cover.jpg"></a> <h3 class="heading-border block"><a href="https://www.un.org/en/climatechange/mafalda-duarte-climate-finance-catalyses-change">Mafalda Duarte: Climate finance catalyses change</a></h3> <p style="margin-top: 10px;">Mafalda Duarte, CEO of the Climate Investment Funds, spoke about how public climate finance catalyses change and why successful climate action depends fundamentally on social inclusion.</p> <p><a class="view-more-link" href="https://www.un.org/en/climatechange/mafalda-duarte-climate-finance-catalyses-change">Read full interview</a></p> </div>   <div class="topmargin leftmargin-sm rightmargin-sm"> <a href="https://www.un.org/en/climatechange/mark-carney-investing-net-zero-climate-solutions-creates-value-and-rewards"><img alt="Mark Carney Portrait" src="https://www.un.org/sites/un2.un.org/files/field/image/markcarney-interview.jpg"></a> <h3 class="heading-border block"><a href="https://www.un.org/en/climatechange/mark-carney-investing-net-zero-climate-solutions-creates-value-and-rewards">Mark Carney: Investing in net-zero climate solutions creates value and rewards</a></h3> <p style="margin-top: 10px;">UN Special Envoy on Climate Action and Finance Mark Carney spoke about how private finance is increasingly aligned behind achieving net-zero greenhouse gas emissions. He underlined that people everywhere should keep up the pressure in calling for climate action.</p> <p><a class="view-more-link" href="https://www.un.org/en/climatechange/mark-carney-investing-net-zero-climate-solutions-creates-value-and-rewards">Read full interview</a></p> </div>  <div class="topmargin leftmargin-sm rightmargin-sm"> <a href="https://www.un.org/en/climatechange/adelle-thomas-loss-and-damage"><img alt="Dr. Adelle Thomas" src="https://www.un.org/sites/un2.un.org/files/styles/large-article-image-style-16-9/public/field/image/2022/10/tw_adellethomas_frontpage.jpg"></a> <h3 class="heading-border block"><a href="https://www.un.org/en/climatechange/adelle-thomas-loss-and-damage">Loss and damage: A moral imperative to act</a></h3> <p style="margin-top: 10px;">Dr. Adelle Thomas, a lead author of the IPCC’s 2022 report on Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability, sheds light on what loss and damage mean for vulnerable populations exposed to the worsening climate impacts, and the growing imperative to act.</p> <p><a class="view-more-link" href="https://www.un.org/en/climatechange/adelle-thomas-loss-and-damage">Read full interview</a></p> </div>  <div class="topmargin leftmargin-sm rightmargin-sm"> <a href="https://www.un.org/en/climatechange/early-warnings-for-all"><img alt="photocomposition: a storm on the background and an antenna to capture the weather information" src="https://www.un.org/sites/un2.un.org/files/tw_early-warnings.jpg"></a> <h3 class="heading-border block"><a href="https://www.un.org/en/climatechange/early-warnings-for-all">Early warnings for all</a></h3> <p style="margin-top: 10px;">Early warnings to predict floods, droughts, storms and other weather extremes are a proven, cost-effective way to save lives and livelihoods. But a third of the world’s people are still not covered by such systems.</p> <p><a class="view-more-link" href="https://www.un.org/en/climatechange/early-warnings-for-all">Read more</a></p> </div>  <div class="topmargin leftmargin-sm rightmargin-sm"> <a href="https://www.un.org/en/actnow/ten-actions-economy"><img alt="photocomposition: act now written in the middle of the sustainable development goals color wheel" src="https://www.un.org/sites/un2.un.org/files/actnow-rightbanner.jpg"></a> <h3 class="heading-border block"><a href="https://www.un.org/en/actnow/ten-actions-economy">Act for a Better Economy</a></h3> <p style="margin-top: 10px;">ActNow is the United Nations campaign to inspire people to act for the Sustainable Development Goals. Learn how you can take action for a better economy next time you make a purchase, cast a vote or even perform a household task.</p> <p><a class="view-more-link" href="https://www.un.org/en/actnow">Read more</a></p> </div> </div> </div> </div></div></div> </div> </div> </section> </section> </section> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div id="sharing_widget" class="col-sm-12 bottommargin">  <div class="a2a_kit a2a_kit_size_32 a2a_default_style"> <a class="a2a_dd" href="https://www.addtoany.com/share"></a> <a class="a2a_button_facebook"></a> <a class="a2a_button_x"></a> <a class="a2a_button_email"></a> <a class="a2a_button_whatsapp"></a> </div> <script async src="https://static.addtoany.com/menu/page.js"></script>  </div> </div> </div>  <div class="section section-fluid home-footer gray-bg"> <div class="container"> <div class="row topmargin"> <div class="divider"></div> </div> <div class="row"><div class="col-md-3"> <section class="region region-footer-1"> <div class="block block-menu"> <h4 class="font-bold">Facts and figures</h4> <ul class="menu nav"> <li class="leaf"> <a href="https://www.un.org/en/climatechange/what-is-climate-change">What is climate change?</a> </li> <li class="leaf"> <a href="https://www.un.org/en/climatechange/science/causes-effects-climate-change">Causes and effects </a> </li> <li class="leaf"> <a href="https://www.un.org/en/climatechange/science/mythbusters">Myth busters</a> </li> <li class="leaf"> <a href="https://www.un.org/en/climatechange/reports">Reports</a> </li> <li class="leaf"> <a href="https://www.un.org/en/climatechange/science/key-findings">Fast facts</a> </li> </ul> </div> </section></div><div class="col-md-3"> <section class="region region-footer-1"> <div class="block block-menu"> <h4 class="font-bold">Cutting emissions</h4> <ul class="menu nav"> <li class="leaf"> <a href="https://www.un.org/en/climatechange/net-zero-coalition">Explaining net zero </a> </li> <li class="leaf"> <a 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class="leaf"> <a href="https://www.un.org/en/climatechange/voices-of-change">Youth voices</a> </li> </ul> </div> </section></div> </div> <div class="row"><div class="col-md-3"> <section class="region region-footer-1"> <div class="block block-menu"> <h4 class="font-bold">Financing climate action</h4> <ul class="menu nav"> <li class="leaf"> <a href="https://www.un.org/en/climatechange/raising-ambition/climate-finance">Finance and justice</a> </li> <li class="leaf"> <a href="https://www.un.org/en/climatechange/adelle-thomas-loss-and-damage">Loss and damage </a> </li> <li class="leaf"> <a href="https://www.un.org/sites/un2.un.org/files/climate_finance_report.pdf" class="pdf-link">$100 billion commitment </a> </li> <li class="leaf"> <a href="https://www.un.org/en/climatechange/why-finance-climate-action">Why finance climate action</a> </li> </ul> </div> </section></div><div class="col-md-3"> <section class="region region-footer-1"> <div class="block block-menu"> <h4 class="font-bold">Explainers</h4> <ul class="menu nav"> <li class="leaf"> <a href="https://www.un.org/en/climatechange/science/climate-issues/health">Health </a> </li> <li class="leaf"> <a href="https://www.un.org/en/climatechange/science/climate-issues/food">Food</a> </li> <li class="leaf"> <a href="https://www.un.org/en/climatechange/science/climate-issues/biodiversity">Biodiversity</a> </li> <li class="leaf"> <a href="https://www.un.org/en/climatechange/science/climate-issues/ocean">Ocean</a> </li> <li class="leaf"> <a href="https://www.un.org/en/climatechange/science/climate-issues/water">Water</a> </li> <li class="leaf"> <a href="https://www.un.org/en/climatechange/science/climate-issues/land">Land</a> </li> <li class="leaf"> <a href="https://www.un.org/en/climatechange/science/climate-issues/greenwashing">Greenwashing</a> </li> <li class="leaf"> <a href="https://www.un.org/en/climatechange/science/climate-issues/human-security">Human Security </a> </li> <li class="leaf"> <a 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