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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> <html> <head> <title>The Political Graveyard: Michigan: Secretaries of State</title> <meta name="description" content="A database of political history and cemeteries, with brief biographical entries for 320,919 U.S. political figures, living and dead, from the 1700s to the present."> <meta name="keywords" content="political biography history genealogy cemeteries politics candidates congress senators legislators governors politicians biographies ancestors mayors birthplace geography elections"> <meta name="author" content="Lawrence Kestenbaum"> <script type="text/javascript"> var _gaq = _gaq || []; _gaq.push(['_setAccount', 'UA-7383562-1']); _gaq.push(['_trackPageview']); (function() { var ga = document.createElement('script'); ga.type = 'text/javascript'; ga.async = true; ga.src = ('https:' == document.location.protocol ? 'https://ssl' : 'https://www') + '.google-analytics.com/ga.js'; var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(ga, s); })(); </script> </head> <body bgcolor="#FFFFDD" text="#000000" link="#cc0000" alink="#ff0000" vlink="#760000"> <style type="text/css"> p {font-family:georgia,garamond,serif} td {font-family:georgia,garamond,serif} A:link {text-decoration: none} A:visited {text-decoration: none} A:active {text-decoration: none} A:hover {text-decoration: underline} </style> <p align=center style="font-size:28pt; font-family:garamond,serif"> <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">PoliticalGraveyard.com</span><br> <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/index.html" border=0> <img src="https://politicalgraveyard.com/images/tpgmain6.gif" width=450 height=216 border=0 alt="The Political Graveyard: A Database of American History"></a><br> Michigan: Secretaries of State</p> <table width=100%> <td align="center" valign="center"> <script type="text/javascript"> </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js"> </script> </td></table> <table width=100%><tr><td valign="top"> <hr> <p> <b>Michigan Secretaries of State, 1835-2018</b> <i>(May be incomplete!)</i><br> <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/prichard-primrose.html#694.21.30">Kintzing Prichette</a> 1835-38 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/manners-manning.html#175.32.13">Randolph Manning</a> 1838-40 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/rowland.html#042.87.43">Thomas Rowland</a> 1840-42 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/eldridge.html#849.53.80">Robert P. Eldridge</a> 1842-46 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/whittemore.html#816.91.64">Gideon O. Whittemore</a> 1846-48 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/peck.html#136.48.33">George W. Peck</a> 1848-50 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/redd-redwood.html#418.53.49">George Redfield</a> 1850 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/taylor2.html#928.20.39">Charles H. Taylor</a> 1850-52 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/graves.html#681.31.32">William Graves</a> 1853-54 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/mckinney.html#142.55.16">John McKinney</a> 1855-58 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/isaac-iverson.html#097.97.55">Nelson G. Isbell</a> 1859-60 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/porter5.html#872.02.79">James P. Porter</a> 1861-66 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/sparling-spellman.html#444.35.24">Oliver L. Spaulding</a> 1867-70 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/strickler-strom.html#145.03.34">Daniel Striker</a> 1871-74 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/holden.html#051.25.52">Ebenezer G. D. Holden</a> 1875-78 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/jenkinson-jenning.html#938.21.27">William Jenney</a> 1879-82 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/comte-conditt.html#886.18.25">Harry A. Conant</a> 1883-86 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/osburn-ostrowski.html#723.20.02">Gilbert R. Osmun</a> 1887-90 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/somervell-souter.html#579.17.44">Daniel E. Soper</a> 1891 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/blackdon-blackstone.html#893.51.52">Robert R. Blacker</a> 1891-92 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/jex-johansen.html#725.99.48">John W. Jochim</a> 1893-94 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/gardner.html#684.64.49">Washington Gardner</a> 1894-98 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/stearns.html#013.81.11">Justus S. Stearns</a> 1899-1900 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/warner-warnock.html#820.69.76">Fred M. Warner</a> 1901-04 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/prescott.html#111.03.09">George A. Prescott</a> 1905-08 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/martina-martinelli.html#026.78.58">Frederick C. Martindale</a> 1909-14 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/vaughan.html#190.50.49">Coleman C. Vaughan</a> 1915-20 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/dehart-deland.html#365.90.96">Charles J. DeLand</a> 1921-26 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/haggerty.html#386.06.85">John S. Haggerty</a> 1927-30 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/fitzgerald.html#528.17.44">Frank D. Fitzgerald</a> 1931-34 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/brown2.html#057.67.51">Clarke W. Brown</a> 1934 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/atwood.html#294.69.17">Orville E. Atwood</a> 1935-36 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/case.html#100.54.26">Leon D. Case</a> 1937-38 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/kelly4.html#915.31.46">Harry F. Kelly</a> 1939-42 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/dickman-diket.html#256.90.33">Herman H. Dignan</a> 1943-46 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/alexandre-allee.html#822.46.33">Frederick M. Alger, Jr.</a> 1947-52 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/cleage-clemente.html#052.42.26">Owen J. Cleary</a> 1953-54 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/hare-harju.html#596.18.80">James M. Hare</a> 1955-70 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/austin.html#027.08.76">Richard H. Austin</a> 1971-94 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/miller2.html#173.31.38">Candice S. Miller</a> 1995-2002 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/lance-landoe.html#783.53.91">Terri Lynn Land</a> 2003-10 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/johnson7.html#338.74.49">Ruth Johnson</a> 2011-18 <p> <b>Events and Candidates</b> <i>(may be incomplete!)</i><br> <li> 1858: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/king5.html#553.15.94">Jonathan P. King</a> (Dem), defeated. <li> 1880: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/crosse-crowe.html#335.16.96">Ira D. Crouse</a>, defeated. <li> 1886 Nov 2: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/osburn-ostrowski.html#723.20.02">Gilbert R. Osmun</a> (Rep), elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/w-waddy.html#987.69.38">Philip B. Wachtel</a> (Fusion), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/evans5.html#217.11.97">John Evans</a> (Prohibition), defeated. <li> 1890: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/gardner.html#684.64.49">Washington Gardner</a> (Rep), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/palmer-parillo.html#525.46.14">Edwin S. Palmiter</a> (Prohibition), defeated. <li> 1894 Mar 20: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/gardner.html#684.64.49">Washington Gardner</a>, appointed. <li> 1898 Nov 8: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/stearns.html#013.81.11">Justus S. Stearns</a> (Rep), elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/lockwood.html#977.38.89">Leroy E. Lockwood</a> (Dem & People's & Union Silver), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/sweet.html#811.30.93">John Sweet</a> (Prohibition), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/boothby-borunda.html#881.39.92">Jonas M. Borough</a> (People's), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/freye-frimodig.html#034.37.14">Peter Friesema, Jr.</a> (Socialist Labor), defeated. <li> 1902: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/donovan.html#770.08.76">John Donovan</a> (Dem), defeated. <li> 1904 Nov 8: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/bakewell-baldus.html#243.15.71">James B. Balch</a> (Dem), defeated. <li> 1906 Nov 6: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/prescott.html#111.03.09">George A. Prescott</a> (Rep), elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/devine.html#724.73.03">Patrick J. Devine</a> (Dem), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/white6.html#082.96.81">Leroy H. White</a> (Prohibition), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/wilcoxon-wiles.html#245.09.39">William Wilen</a> (Socialist), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/hitchens-hoag.html#497.23.72">William Hoag</a> (Socialist Labor), defeated. <li> 1908: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/mcdonald.html#685.27.11">Francis T. McDonald</a> (Dem), defeated. <li> 1910 Nov 8: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/martina-martinelli.html#026.78.58">Frederick C. Martindale</a> (Rep), elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/peterson.html#502.39.35">Adolph W. Peterson</a> (Dem), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/sherman.html#942.45.91">George H. Sherman</a> (Socialist), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/youngblood-yulee.html#271.75.55">George A. Youngs</a> (Prohibition), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/goulden-gradison.html#041.77.98">Thomas J. Grabuski</a> (Socialist Labor), defeated. <li> 1912: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/batcheller-bateman.html#884.21.22">Howard H. Batdorff</a> (Progressive), defeated. <li> 1912 Nov 5: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/bakewell-baldus.html#243.15.71">James B. Balch</a> (Dem), defeated. <li> 1914: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/batcheller-bateman.html#884.21.22">Howard H. Batdorff</a> (Progressive), defeated. <li> 1916 Nov 7: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/vaughan.html#190.50.49">Coleman C. Vaughan</a> (Rep), elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/halstad-hamill.html#236.94.79">Frank R. Hamburger</a> (Dem), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/heathman-hedlund.html#892.71.29">Harvey A. Hedden</a> (Socialist), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/wood1.html#613.89.89">Andrew Wood</a> (Prohibition), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/bosa-bouckaert.html#231.46.46">Theodore Bossie</a> (Socialist Labor), defeated. <li> 1918 Nov 5: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/vaughan.html#190.50.49">Coleman C. Vaughan</a> (Rep), elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/masone-masten.html#779.68.09">Gerrit Masselink</a> (Dem), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/tazewell-temmey.html#124.49.58">Loren B. Teal</a> (Socialist), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/holbrook.html#313.75.70">Marshall D. Holbrook</a> (Prohibition), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/cunningham.html#445.12.86">Logan M. Cunningham</a> (Socialist Labor), defeated. <li> 1920: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/donovon-dorilus.html#892.54.48">Catherine D. Doran</a> (Dem), defeated. <li> 1922 Nov 7: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/dehart-deland.html#365.90.96">Charles J. DeLand</a> (Rep), elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/porter5.html#653.20.64">Jessie C. Porter</a> (Dem), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/wood1.html#613.89.89">Andrew Wood</a> (Prohibition), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/dilweg-dionysius.html#159.89.29">Paul Dinger</a> (Socialist Labor), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/stewart4.html#755.77.09">Ida R. Stewart</a> (Socialist), defeated. <li> 1926 Nov 2: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/haggerty.html#386.06.85">John S. Haggerty</a> (Rep), elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/donovon-dorilus.html#892.54.48">Catherine D. Doran</a> (Dem), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/castleberry-catone.html#791.66.73">Libbie Catherman</a> (Prohibition), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/campbell4.html#955.52.92">George M. Campbell</a> (Socialist), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/verna-vigorito.html#817.08.36">Sarah Victor</a> (Workers), defeated. <li> 1928 Nov 6: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/haggerty.html#386.06.85">John S. Haggerty</a> (Rep), elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/brentano-brewington.html#502.33.21">Willis M. Brewer</a> (Dem), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/berl-berrien.html#757.94.17">Joseph Bernstein</a> (Socialist), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/rushern-russel.html#348.22.91">Elva Rushton</a> (Workers), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/renaud-republican.html#433.48.99">Charles S. Rennells</a> (Prohibition), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/cunningham.html#445.12.86">Logan M. Cunningham</a> (Socialist Labor), defeated. <li> 1930 Nov 4: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/fitzgerald.html#528.17.44">Frank D. Fitzgerald</a> (Rep), elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/abbott.html#019.83.50">Burnett J. Abbott</a> (Dem), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/yatron-yontes.html#128.95.44">Alice Yonik</a> (Workers), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/bell.html#187.42.56">Hallen M. Bell</a> (Socialist), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/castleberry-catone.html#791.66.73">Libbie Catherman</a> (Prohibition), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/southall-spain.html#636.19.03">Harold E. Southern</a> (Socialist Labor), defeated. <li> 1932: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/abbott.html#019.83.50">Burnett J. Abbott</a> (Dem), defeated. <li> 1934: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/wilson4.html#109.07.82">Guy M. Wilson</a> (Dem), defeated. <li> 1934 Nov 15: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/fitzgerald.html#528.17.44">Frank D. Fitzgerald</a>, resigned. <li> 1936 Nov 3: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/case.html#100.54.26">Leon D. Case</a> (Dem), elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/atwood.html#294.69.17">Orville E. Atwood</a> (Rep), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/seeligson-selby.html#836.02.73">Jean Seidel</a> (Socialist), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/schenk-schissler.html#017.39.01">Milton E. Scherer</a> (Farmer-Labor), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/gehant-geoghan.html#270.27.92">Joseph Geminder</a> (Communist), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/micheau-middleswarth.html#729.59.64">John Michoff</a> (Socialist Labor), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/slaughter.html#224.02.73">Jay W. Slaughter</a> (Socialist Labor), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/fitch.html#797.25.26">Roscoe Conkling Fitch</a> (American), defeated. <li> 1938 Nov 8: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/kelly4.html#915.31.46">Harry F. Kelly</a> (Rep), elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/case.html#100.54.26">Leon D. Case</a> (Dem), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/seeligson-selby.html#836.02.73">Jean Seidel</a> (Socialist), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/hardy.html#732.81.07">Ray M. Hardy</a> (Constitutional Democratic), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/slate-slattery.html#783.73.86">Thomas F. Slater</a> (Socialist Labor), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/brown5.html#752.40.96">James M. Brown</a> (Commonwealth), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/emest-engle.html#017.53.81">Edna S. Emmett</a> (American), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/goulden-gradison.html#226.95.47">France Gover</a> (Protestants United), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/callahan.html#066.57.54">Sheri M. Callahan</a> (Square Deal), defeated. <li> 1940 Nov 5: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/kelly4.html#915.31.46">Harry F. Kelly</a> (Rep), elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/capozzi-carew.html#607.65.54">Leo V. Card</a> (Dem), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/piercecchi-pierse.html#236.16.32">Lawrence Piercey</a> (Socialist), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/kuhne-kurthy.html#317.15.69">Ida Kuivinen</a> (Communist), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/buffum-bulloch.html#550.62.69">Harold W. Bugbee</a> (Prohibition), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/odem-oestreicher.html#350.12.93">Clayton O'Donohue</a> (Socialist Labor), defeated. <li> 1942 Nov 3: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/dickman-diket.html#256.90.33">Herman H. Dignan</a> (Rep), elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/evar-everel.html#623.99.21">Maurice C. Eveland</a> (Dem), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/marshall.html#019.53.22">Olla K. Marshall</a> (Prohibition), defeated. <li> 1944 Nov 7: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/dickman-diket.html#256.90.33">Herman H. Dignan</a> (Rep), elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/koraleski-kouzoff.html#547.61.28">Arthur A. Koscinski</a> (Dem), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/wells.html#906.66.38">John Mason Wells</a> (Prohibition), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/busha-butkowski.html#073.18.57">Louis Busker</a> (Socialist), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/doi-donahower.html#945.70.71">Bernard A. Doman</a> (America First), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/silsbee-simmonds.html#940.58.82">James Sim</a> (Socialist Labor), defeated. <li> 1946 Nov 5: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/alexandre-allee.html#822.46.33">Frederick M. Alger, Jr.</a> (Rep), elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/bankson-barbosa.html#802.24.33">Joseph L. Bannigan</a> (Dem), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/wells.html#906.66.38">John Mason Wells</a> (Prohibition), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/walbridge.html#895.19.56">William Walbridge</a> (Socialist Labor), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/berry.html#175.19.73">Abner W. Berry</a> (Communist), defeated. <li> 1948 Nov 2: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/alexandre-allee.html#822.46.33">Frederick M. Alger, Jr.</a> (Rep), elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/fowles-fox.html#137.31.61">Noel P. Fox</a> (Dem), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/barretto-barrows.html#853.81.29">Roberta Barrow</a> (Progressive), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/muncell-murdoch.html#654.69.19">E. Harold Munn</a> (Prohibition), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/king4.html#094.31.73">Helen King</a> (Socialist), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/silsbee-simmonds.html#940.58.82">James Sim</a> (Socialist Labor), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/yadkin-yarrow.html#242.58.30">William H. Yancey</a> (Socialist Workers), defeated. <li> 1950 Nov 7: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/alexandre-allee.html#822.46.33">Frederick M. Alger, Jr.</a> (Rep), elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/hart.html#153.85.65">Philip A. Hart</a> (Dem), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/lind-lindquist.html#332.66.40">Harold A. Lindahl</a> (Prohibition), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/travis.html#893.84.07">Robert Travis</a> (Progressive), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/mills.html#248.48.99">Albert Mills</a> (Socialist Labor), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/yadkin-yarrow.html#242.58.30">William H. Yancey</a> (Socialist Workers), defeated. <li> 1952 Nov 4: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/cleage-clemente.html#052.42.26">Owen J. Cleary</a> (Rep), elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/mcallister.html#488.83.80">Robert S. McAllister</a> (Dem), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/shorten-shuja.html#835.63.75">William C. Shortt</a> (Prohibition), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/glenn.html#943.52.93">Virginia Glenn</a> (Progressive), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/schwartz.html#447.93.15">Charles Schwartz</a> (Socialist Labor), defeated. <li> 1954 Nov 2: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/hare-harju.html#596.18.80">James M. Hare</a> (Dem), elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/cleage-clemente.html#052.42.26">Owen J. Cleary</a> (Rep), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/davis4.html#116.13.60">Gladys T. Davis</a> (Prohibition), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/schwartz.html#447.93.15">Charles Schwartz</a> (Socialist Labor), defeated. <li> 1956 Nov 6: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/hare-harju.html#596.18.80">James M. Hare</a> (Dem), elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/martin5.html#194.71.96">John B. Martin, Jr.</a> (Rep), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/kenton-kerns.html#090.88.13">Mary M. Kenworthy</a> (Prohibition), defeated. <li> 1958 Nov 4: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/hare-harju.html#596.18.80">James M. Hare</a> (Dem), elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/pittsford-platzek.html#544.86.00">Raymond A. Plank</a> (Rep), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/halstad-hamill.html#922.30.21">Alfred T. Halsted</a> (Prohibition), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/schwartz.html#447.93.15">Charles Schwartz</a> (Socialist Labor), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/hillings-hinerman.html#501.70.38">Robert Himmel, Jr.</a> (Socialist Workers), defeated. <li> 1960 Nov 8: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/hare-harju.html#596.18.80">James M. Hare</a> (Dem), elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/kraschel-kreutzer.html#334.64.52">William E. Kreger</a> (Rep), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/doi-donahower.html#300.82.21">Larry Dolinski</a> (Socialist Workers), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/halstad-hamill.html#922.30.21">Alfred T. Halsted</a> (Prohibition), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/schwartz.html#447.93.15">Charles Schwartz</a> (Socialist Labor), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/underwood.html#269.43.32">Hubert P. Underwood</a> (Independent American), defeated. <li> 1962 Nov 6: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/hare-harju.html#596.18.80">James M. Hare</a> (Dem), elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/stilgenbauer-stockslager.html#019.69.85">Norman O. Stockmeyer</a> (Rep), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/bent-bentnall.html#047.06.10">W. Clifford Bentley</a> (Socialist Labor), defeated. <li> 1964 Nov 3: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/hare-harju.html#596.18.80">James M. Hare</a> (Dem), elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/green7.html#152.50.64">Allison Green</a> (Rep), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/cohen.html#124.05.66">Loy A. Cohen</a> (Freedom Now), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/garrett.html#119.76.46">Jan Garrett</a> (Socialist Workers), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/muncell-murdoch.html#484.90.85">Ralph W. Muncy</a> (Socialist Labor), defeated. <li> 1966 Nov 8: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/hare-harju.html#596.18.80">James M. Hare</a> (Dem), elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/washington.html#201.00.27">George A. Washington</a> (Rep), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/trippe-trumbo.html#443.38.35">Frank Troha</a> (Socialist Labor), defeated. <li> 1970 Nov 3: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/austin.html#027.08.76">Richard H. Austin</a> (Dem), elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/lockwood.html#915.26.78">Emil Lockwood</a> (Rep), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/miles.html#036.84.05">Robert E. Miles</a> (American Independent), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/hawkins.html#691.34.17">John Hawkins</a> (Socialist Workers), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/trippe-trumbo.html#443.38.35">Frank Troha</a> (Socialist Labor), defeated. <li> 1974 Nov 5: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/austin.html#027.08.76">Richard H. Austin</a> (Dem), elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/bedelle-beebe.html#645.36.18">N. Lorraine Beebe</a> (Rep), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/kribbs-krzycki.html#295.27.26">Henry W. Kroes, Jr.</a> (American Independent), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/mcclure.html#986.51.52">James F. McClure</a> (Human Rights), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/lee7.html#399.00.17">Robert G. Lee</a> (Conservative), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/frothingham-frusher.html#278.37.12">Rachele Fruit</a> (Socialist Workers), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/crowell.html#643.16.57">Judith S. Crowell</a> (U.S. Labor), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/mottashed-moultin.html#270.77.51">John Gill Motzer</a> (Socialist Labor), defeated. <li> 1978 Nov 7: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/austin.html#027.08.76">Richard H. Austin</a> (Dem), elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/larrazolo-larsen.html#773.53.88">Melvin L. Larsen</a> (Rep), defeated. <li> 1986: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/yatron-yontes.html#502.41.90">Weldon O. Yeager</a> (Rep), defeated. <li> 1990 Nov 6: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/austin.html#027.08.76">Richard H. Austin</a> (Dem), elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/miller5.html#978.35.56">Judy Miller</a> (Rep), defeated. <li> 1994 Nov 8: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/miller2.html#173.31.38">Candice S. Miller</a> (Rep), elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/austin.html#027.08.76">Richard H. Austin</a> (Dem), defeated. <li> 1998 Nov 3: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/miller2.html#173.31.38">Candice S. Miller</a> (Rep), elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/parks.html#284.97.51">Mary Lou Parks</a> (Dem), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/spencer.html#457.03.70">Perry K. Spencer</a> (Reform), defeated. <li> 2002 Nov 5: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/lance-landoe.html#783.53.91">Terri Lynn Land</a> (Rep), elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/hollowell-holmer.html#843.29.90">Melvin Hollowell</a> (Dem), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/zebb-ziegenheim.html#401.83.18">Ray Ziarno</a> (Green), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/comte-conditt.html#558.97.87">Charles F. Conces</a> (U.S. Taxpayers), defeated. <li> 2006 Nov 7: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/lance-landoe.html#783.53.91">Terri Lynn Land</a> (Rep), elected. <li> 2010 Nov 2: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/johnson7.html#338.74.49">Ruth Johnson</a> (Rep), elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/benson.html#894.06.21">Jocelyn Benson</a> (Dem), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/bola-bonbright.html#609.66.20">Scotty Boman</a> (Libertarian), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/galbreath-gall.html#839.74.05">Robert J. Gale</a> (U.S. Taxpayers), defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/lanigan-larkey.html#652.10.67">John Anthony La Pietra</a> (Green), defeated. </td> <td width=180 align="center" valign="center"> <script type="text/javascript"> </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js"> </script> </td></tr></table> <table width=100%> <td align="center" valign="center"> <script type="text/javascript"> </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js"> </script> </td></table> <table width=100%> <tr><td align="center"><span style="font-size:20pt;"> <span style="font-family:garamond,serif"> <i>"Enjoy the hospitable entertainment of a political graveyard."</i></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:8pt;">Henry L. Clinton, Apollo Hall, New York City, February 3, 1872</span></td> <td><a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/"> <img src="https://politicalgraveyard.com/images/tpgsub.gif" width=450 height=71 align="right" border=0 alt="The Political Graveyard"></a></td></tr></table> <br clear="all"> <table width=100% cellpadding=2> <tr><td colspan=3><span style="font-size:10pt;"> <b><a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/index.html">The Political Graveyard</a></b> is a web site about U.S. political history and cemeteries. Founded in 1996, it is the Internet's most comprehensive free source for American political biography, listing 320,919 politicians, living and dead.</span></td></tr> <tr><td colspan=3><span style="font-size:8pt;"> </span></td></tr> <tr><td width=32 align="right" valign="top"> </td> <td valign="top"><span style="font-size:8pt;"> <img src="rd.gif" width=10 height=10> The coverage of this site includes (1) the President, Vice President, members of Congress, elected state and territorial officeholders in all fifty states, the District of Columbia, and U.S. territories; and the chief elected official, typically the mayor, of qualifying municipalities; (2) candidates at election, including primaries, for any of the above; (3) all federal judges and all state appellate judges; (4) certain federal officials, including the federal cabinet, diplomatic chiefs of mission, consuls, U.S. district attorneys, collectors of customs and internal revenue, members of major federal commissions; and political appointee (pre-1969) postmasters of qualifying communities; (5) state and national political party officials, including delegates, alternate delegates, and other participants in national party nominating conventions; (6) Americans who served as "honorary" consuls for other nations before 1950. Note: municipalities or communities "qualify", for Political Graveyard purposes, if they have at least half a million person-years of history, inclusive of predecessor, successor, and merged entities.</span></td> <td width=100 align="right" valign="top"> </td></tr> <tr><td width=32 align="right" valign="top"> </td> <td valign="top"><span style="font-size:8pt;"> <img src="rd.gif" width=10 height=10> The listings are <b>incomplete</b>; development of the database is a continually ongoing project.</span></td> <td width=100 align="right" valign="top"> </td></tr> <tr><td width=32 align="right" valign="top"> </td> <td valign="top"><span style="font-size:8pt;"> <img src="rd.gif" width=10 height=10> Information on this page — and on all other pages of this site — is believed to be accurate, but is <b>not</b> guaranteed. Users are advised to check with other sources before relying on any information here.</span></td> <td width=100 align="right" valign="top"> </td></tr> <tr><td width=32 align="right" valign="top"> </td> <td valign="top"><span style="font-size:8pt;"> <img src="rd.gif" width=10 height=10> The official URL for this page is: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/MI/ofc/sos.html">https://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/MI/ofc/sos.html</a>.</span></td> <td width=100 align="right" valign="top"> </td></tr> <tr><td width=32 align="right" valign="top"> </td> <td valign="top"><span style="font-size:8pt;"> <img src="rd.gif" width=10 height=10> Links to this or any other Political Graveyard page are welcome, but specific page addresses may sometimes change as the site develops.</span></td> <td width=100 align="right" valign="top"> </td></tr> <tr><td width=32 align="right" valign="top"> </td> <td valign="top"><span style="font-size:8pt;"> <img src="rd.gif" width=10 height=10> If you are searching for a specific named individual, try the <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/alpha/index.html">alphabetical index of politicians</a>.</span></td> <td width=100 align="right" valign="top"> </td></tr> <tr><td colspan=3 align="left" valign="top"><span style="font-size:10pt;"> <b>Copyright notices:</b> (1) Facts are not subject to copyright; see <a href="https://www.law.cornell.edu/copyright/cases/499_US_340.htm">Feist v. Rural Telephone</a>. (2) Politician portraits displayed on this site are 70-pixel-wide monochrome thumbnail images, which I believe to constitute <b>fair use</b> under applicable copyright law. Where possible, each image is linked to its online source. However, requests from owners of copyrighted images to delete them from this site are honored. (3) Original material, programming, selection and arrangement are © 1996-2023 Lawrence Kestenbaum. (4) This work is also licensed for free non-commercial re-use, with attribution, under a <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/">Creative Commons License</a>.</span></td></tr> <tr><td colspan=3 align="left" valign="top"><span style="font-size:10pt;"> <b>Site information:</b> The Political Graveyard is created and maintained by <b>Lawrence Kestenbaum</b>, who is solely responsible for its structure and content. — The mailing address is <b>The Political Graveyard, P.O. Box 2563, Ann Arbor MI 48106.</b> — This site is hosted by <b><a href="https://www.hdl.com">HDL</a></b>. — The Political Graveyard opened on <b>July 1, 1996</b>; the last full revision was done on <b>March 8, 2023</b>. </span></td></tr> </table> <hr> <table align="center" cellpadding=5><tr> <td align="center" valign="center"> <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/"><img alt="Creative Commons License" border="0" src="https://creativecommons.org/images/public/somerights.gif" width=88 height=31></a></td> <td align="center" valign="center"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/politicalgraveyard" target="_TOP" title="The Political Graveyard"><img src="https://badge.facebook.com/badge/40475596932.4982.1015512377.png" width="120" height="84" style="border: 0px;" /></a></td> <td align="center" valign="center"><a href="https://www.twitter.com/polgraveyard"> <img src="https://twitter-badges.s3.amazonaws.com/follow_us-a.png" border=0 alt="Follow polgraveyard on Twitter"/></a></td> <td align="center" valign="center"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/redirect?tag=thepoliticalg-20&path=subst/home/home.html"> <img src="https://politicalgraveyard.com/images/a150X70b.gif" border=0 alt="[Amazon.com]" align="center"></a></td> </tr></table> </body> </html>