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class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_af.wikipedia.org&uselang=af" class=""><span>Skenkings</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:SkepRekening&returnto=Islamitiese+seksualiteitswette&returntoquery=printable%3Dyes" title="U word aangemoedig om 'n gebruiker te skep en aan te meld, hoewel dit nie verpligtend is nie." class=""><span>Skep gebruiker</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item 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[o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Meld aan</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Meer opsies" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Persoonlike gereedskap" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Persoonlike gereedskap</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_af.wikipedia.org&uselang=af"><span>Skenkings</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:SkepRekening&returnto=Islamitiese+seksualiteitswette&returntoquery=printable%3Dyes" title="U word aangemoedig om 'n gebruiker te skep en aan te meld, hoewel dit nie verpligtend is nie."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Skep gebruiker</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:Teken_in&returnto=Islamitiese+seksualiteitswette&returntoquery=printable%3Dyes" title="U word aangemoedig om aan te meld. Dit is egter nie verpligtend nie. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Meld aan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Bladsye vir uitgemelde redakteurs <a href="/wiki/Hulp:Inleiding" aria-label="Leer meer oor redigering"><span>leer meer</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Mybydrae" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Bydraes</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Mybespreking" title="Bespreking oor bydraes van hierdie IP-adres [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Bespreking</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div 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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">skuif na kantbalk</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">versteek</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inleiding</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Puberteit" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Puberteit"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Puberteit</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Puberteit-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Besnydenis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Besnydenis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Besnydenis</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Besnydenis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fatsoenlikheid" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fatsoenlikheid"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Fatsoenlikheid</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fatsoenlikheid-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Seks_in_die_huwelik" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Seks_in_die_huwelik"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Seks in die huwelik</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Seks_in_die_huwelik-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Wissel Seks in die huwelik subafdeling</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Seks_in_die_huwelik-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Sekstegnieke" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sekstegnieke"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Sekstegnieke</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sekstegnieke-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Seksuele_verpligtinge" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Seksuele_verpligtinge"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Seksuele verpligtinge</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Seksuele_verpligtinge-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Owerspel_en_ontug" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Owerspel_en_ontug"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Owerspel en ontug</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Owerspel_en_ontug-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Wissel Owerspel en ontug subafdeling</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Owerspel_en_ontug-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Prostitusie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prostitusie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Prostitusie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prostitusie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Homoseksualiteit" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Homoseksualiteit"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Homoseksualiteit</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Homoseksualiteit-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Orale_seks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Orale_seks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Orale seks</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Orale_seks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Verkragting" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Verkragting"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.4</span> <span>Verkragting</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Verkragting-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reiniging_en_higiëne" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reiniging_en_higiëne"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Reiniging en higiëne</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reiniging_en_higiëne-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Masturbasie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Masturbasie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Masturbasie</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Masturbasie-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Wissel Masturbasie subafdeling</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Masturbasie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Nagtelike_storting" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nagtelike_storting"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Nagtelike storting</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nagtelike_storting-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geboortebeperking" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geboortebeperking"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Geboortebeperking</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geboortebeperking-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Aborsie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aborsie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Aborsie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Aborsie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Verwysings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Verwysings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Verwysings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Verwysings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Eksterne_skakels" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eksterne_skakels"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Eksterne skakels</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eksterne_skakels-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Inhoud" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Wissel die inhoudsopgawe" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Wissel die inhoudsopgawe</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Islamitiese seksualiteitswette</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gaan na 'n artikel in 'n ander taal. Beskikbaar in 21 tale" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-21" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">21 tale</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%82%D9%87_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%AD" title="فقه النكاح – Arabies" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="فقه النكاح" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0ntim_m%C3%BCnasib%C9%99tl%C9%99r_haqq%C4%B1nda_%C4%B0slami_normalar" title="İntim münasibətlər haqqında İslami normalar – Azerbeidjans" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="İntim münasibətlər haqqında İslami normalar" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbeidjans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BC_%D0%BC%D3%A9%D0%BD%D3%99%D1%81%D3%99%D0%B1%D3%99%D1%82%D1%82%D3%99%D1%80" title="Исламда интим мөнәсәбәттәр – Baskir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Исламда интим мөнәсәбәттәр" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Baskir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%87_%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%8C%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE" title="ইসলামে যৌনতা – Bengaals" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ইসলামে যৌনতা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengaals" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexuality_in_Islam" title="Sexuality in Islam – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Sexuality in Islam" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%AC%D9%86%D8%B3%DB%8C_%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85" title="تمایلات جنسی در اسلام – Persies" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="تمایلات جنسی در اسلام" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seksuaalisuus_ja_islam" title="Seksuaalisuus ja islam – Fins" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Seksuaalisuus ja islam" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fins" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8C%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="इस्लामिक यौन न्यायशास्त्र – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="इस्लामिक यौन न्यायशास्त्र" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seks_dalam_Islam" title="Seks dalam Islam – Indonesies" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Seks dalam Islam" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A4%E3%82%B9%E3%83%A9%E3%83%BC%E3%83%A0%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E3%81%AE%E6%80%A7%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96" title="イスラーム世界の性文化 – Japannees" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="イスラーム世界の性文化" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japannees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B4%D0%B0%D2%93%D1%8B_%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D2%9B_%D3%A9%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%80_%D3%99%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%B1%D1%96" title="Исламдағы жыныстық өмір әдебі – Kazaks" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Исламдағы жыныстық өмір әдебі" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zayend%C3%AEt%C3%AE_di_%C3%AEslam%C3%AA_de" title="Zayendîtî di îslamê de – Koerdies" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Zayendîtî di îslamê de" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Koerdies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seks_dalam_Islam" title="Seks dalam Islam – Maleis" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Seks dalam Islam" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Maleis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF_%D9%86%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%AD_%D9%81%D9%82%D9%87" title="د نکاح فقه – Pasjtoe" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="د نکاح فقه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pasjtoe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D1%8B_%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85_%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B2_%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5" title="Нормы интимных отношений в исламе – Russies" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Нормы интимных отношений в исламе" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sex_in_Islam" title="Sex in Islam – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Sex in Islam" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%8A%D1%91%D1%80%D2%B3%D0%BE%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%82%D2%B3%D0%BE%D0%B8_%D1%88%D0%B0%D2%B3%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BD%D3%A3_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BC" title="Меъёрҳои муносибатҳои шаҳвонӣ дар Ислом – Tadjiks" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Меъёрҳои муносибатҳои шаҳвонӣ дар Ислом" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tadjiks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jyns_gatna%C5%9Fygy%C5%88_kadalary_(Yslam)" title="Jyns gatnaşygyň kadalary (Yslam) – Turkmeens" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Jyns gatnaşygyň kadalary (Yslam)" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0slam%27da_cinsellik" title="İslam'da cinsellik – Turks" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="İslam'da cinsellik" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%96_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B8_%D0%B2_%D1%96%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%96" title="Сексуальні приписи в ісламі – Oekraïens" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Сексуальні приписи в ісламі" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Oekraïens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islomda_jinsiy_aloqa" title="Islomda jinsiy aloqa – Oezbeeks" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Islomda jinsiy aloqa" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Oezbeeks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1974389#sitelinks-wikipedia" 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Dateer asseblief jou blaaierboekmerke op en gebruik asseblief eerder die verstekblaaierdrukfunksie.</div></div><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="af" dir="ltr"><p><b>Islamitiese seksualiteitswette</b> is die regswetenskap oor <a href="/wiki/Seks" title="Seks">seksualiteit</a> in <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a>, soos grootliks voorgeskryf in die <a href="/wiki/Koran" title="Koran">Koran</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hadit" title="Hadit">hadit</a> (mededelings van <a href="/wiki/Mohammed" title="Mohammed">Mohammed</a>) en <a href="/wiki/Fatwa" title="Fatwa">fatwa</a> (beslissings deur Islamitiese godsdiensleiers). Dit beperk seks tot ’n huweliksdaad tussen ’n man en vrou. Hoewel die meeste tradisies <a href="/wiki/Selibaat" title="Selibaat">selibaat</a> ontmoedig, moedig almal streng kuisheid en fatsoenlikheid aan met betrekking tot enige verhouding tussen die twee geslagte. Die sensitiwiteit vir die verskille tussen die geslagte en fatsoenlikheid buite die huwelik kan gesien word in belangrike aspekte van die Islam, soos voorskrifte vir kleredrag en die skeiding tussen mans en vroue. </p><p>Hoewel die verbod op seks buite die huwelik streng is, is seks self nie ’n taboe onderwerp nie.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Daar is egter selfs ná die troue beperkings: ’n Man mag nie seks met sy vrou hê terwyl sy <a href="/wiki/Menstruasie" title="Menstruasie">menstrueer</a> of vir ’n tydperk ná die geboorte van ’n kind nie. <a href="/wiki/Anale_seks" title="Anale seks">Anale seks</a> is ook ’n sonde. Dade en gedrag soos <a href="/wiki/Aborsie" title="Aborsie">aborsie</a> (buiten om mediese redes) en <a href="/wiki/Homoseksualiteit" title="Homoseksualiteit">homoseksualiteit</a> word verbied; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Geboortebeperking&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Geboortebeperking (bladsy bestaan nie)">geboortebeperking</a> is toelaatbaar. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Puberteit">Puberteit</h2></div> <p><i>Baligh</i> of <i>boeloegh</i> (<a href="/wiki/Arabies" title="Arabies">Arabies</a>: بالغ of بُلوغ) verwys na iemand wat <a href="/wiki/Puberteit" title="Puberteit">puberteit</a> bereik het en ten volle aanspreeklik is onder <a href="/wiki/Sjaria" title="Sjaria">sjaria</a>. </p><p>Wat die huwelik betref, hou <i>baligh</i> verband met die Arabiese regsterm <i>hatta toetika'l-ridjal</i>, wat beteken ’n huwelik mag nie plaasvind voordat ’n meisie fisiek gereed is om <a href="/wiki/Seks" title="Seks">seksuele omgang</a> te hê nie. Andersins beteken dit die bereiking van seksuele rypheid, deur onder meer menstruasie. Dié twee ouderdomme kan saamval, maar nie noodwendig nie. Net wanneer ’n aparte fase bekend as <i>roesjd</i>, of intellektuele rypheid om na jou eie belange om te sien, bereik word, kan ’n meisie haar bruidsprys ontvang.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>’n Seun kan sy puberteit bereik vanaf die ouderdom van 12 maanjare (11 jaar en 8 maande) en sal as volgroei beskou word op 15 maanjare (14 jaar, 6 maande en 22 dae) as daar geen tekens van rypheid te bespeur is nie. Tekens van volgroeidheid vir ’n seun is onder meer <a href="/wiki/Nat_droom" class="mw-redirect" title="Nat droom">nat drome</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ejakulasie" title="Ejakulasie">ejakulasie</a> en om ’n vrou swanger te maak. ’n Meisie kan vanaf 9 maanjare (sowat 8 jaar en 8 maande) rypheid bereik en word op 15 maanjare (14 jaar, 6 maande en 22 dae) as volgroei beskou as daar geen tekens van rypheid is nie. Tekens van volgroeidheid sluit in menstruasie, nat drome en <a href="/wiki/Swangerskap" title="Swangerskap">swangerskap</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Besnydenis">Besnydenis</h2></div> <p><i>Hitan</i>, <i>khitan</i> of <i>hatna</i> (Arabies: ختان, ختنة) is die term vir die <a href="/wiki/Besnydenis" title="Besnydenis">besnydenis</a> van Moslemseuns.<sup id="cite_ref-bbc_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bbc-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In sommige dele van die wêreld, soos <a href="/wiki/Indonesi%C3%AB" title="Indonesië">Indonesië</a> en <a href="/wiki/Maleisi%C3%AB" title="Maleisië">Maleisië</a>, kan dit ook verwys na <a href="/wiki/Vroulike_genitale_verminking" title="Vroulike genitale verminking">vroulike genitale verminking</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-khitān_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-khitān-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Die Koran self noem nie besnydenis nie. Volgens sommige haditgeskrifte is dit deel van ’n lys praktyke wat bekend is as <i>fitra</i> (die handelinge van ’n beskaafde mens). Abu Hurayra, ’n metgesel van Mohammed, word aangehaal waar hy sê: "Vyf dinge is <i>fitra</i>: besnydenis, die skeer van skaamhare met ’n skeermes, die knip van die snor, die knip van die naels en die pluk van hare onder die armholtes" (volgens die hadit van Sahih al-Bukhari en Sahih Muslim). Dit word dus van die begin van die Islam af as ’n godsdiensgebruik beskou, al word dit nie in die Koran genoem nie. </p><p>Daar is ook haditgeskrifte wat nie besnydenis as deel van <i>fitra</i> noem nie.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ’n Ander hadit van Sahih Muslim noem 10 dinge, maar besnydenis is nie een daarvan nie.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Volgens sommige tradisies is Mohammed sonder ’n <a href="/wiki/Voorhuid" title="Voorhuid">voorhuid</a> gebore, terwyl ander glo sy oupa Abdul-Muttalib het hom laat besny toe hy sewe dae oud was.<sup id="cite_ref-bbc_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bbc-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Baie van sy vroeë dissipels is besny as simbool van hul opname in die opkomende Islamgemeenskap. Islamgeleerdes verskil oor die noodsaaklikheid van besnydenis. Sommige meen dit is hoogs aanbevelenswaardig, maar nie verpligtend nie. Ander sien dit as verpligtend vir alle Moslems.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Islamitiese bronne noem nie ’n sekere tyd vir besnydenis nie. Dit hang af van die familie, streek of land. Sommige geleerdes meen egter ouers moet hul seun voor die ouderdom van 10 laat besny.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Die verkose ouderdom is gewoonlik sewe jaar, maar sommige Moslems laat dit so vroeg as sewe dae ná die geboorte doen en ander so laat as die begin van puberteit.<sup id="cite_ref-bbc_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bbc-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Islamgeleerdes verskil daaroor of dit ook gedoen moet word nadat iemand hom tot die Islam bekeer het.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Fatsoenlikheid">Fatsoenlikheid</h2></div> <p>Islam lê groot klem op die begrippe betaamlikheid en fatsoenlikheid – beide binne en buite die huwelik. In sommige haditgeskrifte word laasgenoemde beskryf as "deel van geloof".<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dit word ook vereis in die interaksie tussen lede van die teenoorgestelde geslag, en soms ook dieselfde geslag. Die voorskrifte vir kleredrag is deel daarvan.<sup id="cite_ref-Marital_privacy_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Marital_privacy-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In die Koran word fatsoenlikheid hoofsaaklik in die <a href="/wiki/Soera" title="Soera">soera</a> "Die Lig" beskryf, onder meer: </p> <blockquote class="templatequote"><div>"Sê aan die gelowige mans dat hulle nie moet staar nie, maar <i>hulle oë</i> moet neerslaan, en dat hulle hul geslagsdrifte moet beheer. Dit is pasliker vir hulle. Voorwaar, Allah is Bewus van wat hulle doen. En sê aan die gelowige vroue dat hulle húl oë moet neerslaan en hulle geslagsdrifte moet beheer, en nie hulle skoonheid tentoonstel nie, behalwe wat geoorloof is om sigbaar te bly. En laat ’n deel van hulle hooftooisels hul borste bedek. En laat hulle hul skoonheid nie vertoon nie, behalwe aan hul eggenote, of vaders, of die vaders van hul eggenote, of hulle seuns, of die seuns van hulle eggenote, of hulle broers of die seuns van hulle broers, of die seuns van hulle susters, of hulle vroue; of hulle slawe, of manlike bediendes wat geen geslagsdrang het nie; of die kinders wat nog niks van die naaktheid van vroue weet nie. En laat hulle nie met hul voete stamp nie, sodat die skoonheid wat hulle bedek nie blootgestel sal word nie. En bekeer julle almal tot Allah, o gelowiges, sodat julle mag slaag. En tree in die huwelik met die onverbondenes onder julle, en diegene wat geskik is onder julle manlike slawe en julle vroulike slawe. Indien hulle behoeftig is, sal Allah hulle uit Sy oorvloed voorsien. En Allah is Barmhartig, Alleswetend. En laat hulle wat geen huweliksmaat kan vind nie, hulself kuis hou totdat Allah hulle uit Sy oorvloed van gebrek vrystel. En diegene onder julle slawe wat ’n akte van vrystelling verlang, voorsien hulle daarvan as julle iets goeds in hulle opmerk, en gee hulle van die rykdom van Allah wat Hy julle geskenk het. En dwing julle slavinne nie tot ontug as hulle verlang om kuis te bly, om die verganklike goedere van hierdie wêreld se lewe te soek nie. Maar indien iemand hulle dwing, dan sal Allah ná die dwang vir hulle Vergewensgesind, Barmhartig wees." <p>– Koran, Soetra 24:30-33 </p> </div></blockquote> <p>In die hadit Sunan Abu Dawood staan: </p> <blockquote class="templatequote"><div>Vertel deur Muawiah ibn Haydah. “Ek het gesê: Apostel van Allah, vir wie moet ons ons private dele versteek en vir wie kan ons dit wys? Hy het geantwoord: Versteek jou private dele behalwe vir jou vrou en vir wie jou regterhand besit (slawemeisies, byvroue). Ek vra toe: Apostel van Allah, en as mense saam vergader? Hy het geantwoord: As dit binne jou mag is, sal niemand daarna kyk nie; dan moet jy probeer dat niemand daarna kan kyk nie. Ek vra toe: Apostel van Allah, en as een van ons alleen is? Hy het geantwoord: Allah is meer geregtig as mense tot beskaamdheid (voel skamer voor Allah as voor mense)." <p>– Sunan Abu Dawood, 31:4006 </p> </div></blockquote> <p>Daar staan ook: </p> <blockquote class="templatequote"><div>Vertel deur Abu Said Khudri. Die profeet het gesê: "’n Man moenie na die private dele van ’n ander man kyk nie, en ’n vrou moenie na die private dele van ’n ander vrou kyk nie. ’n Man moenie saam met ’n ander man onder een bedekking lê sonder onderklere aan nie; en ’n vrou moenie saam met ’n ander vrou onder een bedekking lê sonder onderklere aan nie." <p>– Sunan Abu Dawood, 31:4007, 4008 </p> </div></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Seks_in_die_huwelik">Seks in die huwelik</h2></div> <p>Volgens die Islamitiese reg wettig ’n huwelik seksuele omgang tussen ’n man en vrou. ’n Huwelik is nie beperk tot platoniese vriendskap of net vir voortplanting nie. Seks in die huwelik word aangemoedig in Islam, deels omdat dit ’n manier is om wettig uiting aan ’n mens se seksdrange te gee.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Uitgebreide riglyne word egter vir seks gegee; daar is bronne in beide die Koran en hadit wat mense se welsyn en hul seksinstink bevorder. In soera 2, Die Egskeiding, word seks binne die huwelik openlik aanbeveel: "Maar as hulle gereinig is (ná die <a href="/wiki/Maandstonde" class="mw-redirect" title="Maandstonde">maandstonde</a>), gaan dan in by hulle soos Allah julle beveel het" (vers 222).<sup id="cite_ref-Ahlul_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ahlul-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Die Koran sê ook: "Voorspoedig inderdaad is die gelowiges, wat … hulle geslagsdrifte beteuel, behalwe in die aanwesigheid van hulle vroue of dié wat hulle regterhande besit, want dan sal hulle sekerlik nie verwyt kan word nie" (soera 23:5-6). Ook haditbronne beveel die huwelik aan. Die Wasaelush Shia haal Mohammed aan waar hy gesê het: "O, julle jong mans! Ek beveel die huwelik vir julle aan" (vol. 14, bl. 25).<sup id="cite_ref-Ahlul_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ahlul-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sekstegnieke">Sekstegnieke</h3></div> <p>Een van die terreine in die Islamitiese seksualiteitswette waar nie baie beperkings geld nie, is die besprekings van sekstegnieke. Feitlik alles oor sekstegnieke in die Islam kom uit haditgeskrifte. Klem word daarop gelê dat "die man en vrou heeltemal vry moet voel tydens wedersydse stimulasie bekend as voorspel". Geen werklike beperkings word gestel op voorspel- of sekstegnieke nie, ook wat betref wedersydse <a href="/wiki/Masturbasie" title="Masturbasie">masturbasie</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Een tegniek wat oor die algemeen verbied word, is <a href="/wiki/Anale_seks" title="Anale seks">anale seks</a>. Allah sê in die Koran: "Julle vrouens is vir julle ’n akker; gaan daarom na julle akkers soos dit jul betaam, en stuur vir julself <i>goeie dade</i> vooruit. En kom jul plig teenoor Allah na, en weet dat julle Hom sal ontmoet. En verkondig ’n blye tyding aan die gelowiges" (soera 2:223). Die woord "akker" dui daarop dat net vaginale seks toelaatbaar is in Islam, want dit is hier waar kinders verwek word. Die semen word in die akker geplant net soos saad in die grond. </p><p>Alle Moslemse juriste stem saam dat anale seks <i><a href="/wiki/Garaam" class="mw-redirect" title="Garaam">garaam</a></i> (verbode) is, soos een hadit dit reguit stel: "Moenie anale seks met vroue hê nie" (volgens Ahmad, At-Tirmidhi, An-Nasa'i, en Ibn Majah). Volgens Ahmad het Mohammed ook gesê: "Vervloek is hy … wat seks met ’n vrou deur haar agterste opening het," en "Allah is nie te skaam om julle die waarheid te vertel nie: Moenie in die anus seks met jul vroue hê nie." </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Seksuele_verpligtinge">Seksuele verpligtinge</h3></div> <p>In Islam moet die man seksuele omgang met sy vrou hê op ’n manier wat haar bevredig, solank dit nie fisiek vir hom nadelig is of hom daarvan weerhou om ’n verdienste in te bring nie. Die man is verplig om sy vrou op ’n goedhartige en redelike manier te behandel. Deel daarvan is seksuele omgang, wat hy met haar moet hê. Volgens die meeste geleerdes mag mans nie vir langer as vier maande sonder seks bly nie, maar ander meen daar is nie ’n tydsbeperking nie.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Net so moet ’n vrou ook nie seks van haar man weerhou nie, tensy sy menstrueer, siek is op so ’n manier dat seks vir haar nadelig sal wees of daar gevas word.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As sy sonder rede weier, is sy vervloek.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Volgens Abu Hurayrah het die profeet gesê: "As ’n man sy vrou na sy bed toe roep en sy weier om te kom, vervloek die engele haar tot die oggend aanbreek" (al-Bukhari, 3065; Muslim, 1436). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Owerspel_en_ontug">Owerspel en ontug</h2></div> <p>Nes seks binne die huwelik aangemoedig word, is daar ook regsmenings oor seksuele verhoudings buite die huwelik. Groter beperkinge word hier gestel. Verder word dié tekste in die Koran bevestig. Volgens soera 24:2-3 is seks buiten met ’n huweliksmaat of byvrou <i>zina</i> (ontug). Dit lui ongetroude manlike en vroulike egbrekers moet 100 strafhoue kry, en daarna mag hulle net met ander egbrekers of met nie-Moslems trou; getroude egbrekers moet gestenig word.<sup id="cite_ref-Suad_2007_531_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Suad_2007_531-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Een sekspraktyk buite die huwelik wat wel wettig is, is omgang tussen ’n man en ’n ongetroude vroulike slaaf wat hy besit. Malik ibn Anas haal ’n geskrif aan waarin Umar b. al-Khattab gesê het as ’n vroulike slaaf die lewe skenk aan haar meester se kind, word die slaaf ’n <i>umm walad</i> (moeder van ’n kind; byvrou).<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Daar is ook wette wat bepaal met wie ’n man nie seks mag hê nie. Soera 4:23-24 noem moeders, dogters, susters en stiefsusters, vaders se susters, die dogters van broers en susters, soogmoeders, moeders van vroue, die vroue van seuns en vroue wat reeds getroud is. </p><p>Tye wanneer enige seks verbode is, is: </p> <ul><li>Tydens menstruasie;<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_28-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Vir 40 dae ná ’n kind se geboorte;</li> <li>Bedags tydens <a href="/wiki/Ramadan" title="Ramadan">Ramadan</a> (dus wanneer gevas word);</li> <li>Op bedevaarte, wanneer Moslems in die gewyde toestand <a href="/wiki/Ihram" title="Ihram">ihram</a> is. Huwelike wat tydens ’n bedevaart voltrek word, is onwettig.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Prostitusie">Prostitusie</h3></div> <p>’n Vers in die Koran lui: "En dwing julle slavinne nie tot ontug as hulle verlang om kuis te bly, om die verganklike goedere van hierdie wêreld se lewe te soek nie. Maar indien iemand hulle dwing, dan sal Allah ná die dwang vir hulle Vergewensgesind, Barmhartig wees." (Soera 24:33) </p><p>Mohammed het prostitusie (seks in ruil vir geld) verbied. Dit is <i>garaam</i> en enige Moslem wat dit doen, moet gestenig word. Om slawe aan te hou vir seksuele doeleindes is egter nie as prostitusie beskou nie en dit was algemeen tydens die Arabiese slawehandel in die <a href="/wiki/Middeleeue" title="Middeleeue">Middeleeue</a> en vroeë moderne tyd, toe vroue en meisies van die <a href="/wiki/Kaukasus" title="Kaukasus">Kaukasus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Afrika" title="Afrika">Afrika</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sentraal-Asi%C3%AB" title="Sentraal-Asië">Sentraal-Asië</a> en <a href="/wiki/Europa" title="Europa">Europa</a> gevang en in die <a href="/wiki/Arabiese_w%C3%AAreld" title="Arabiese wêreld">Arabiese wêreld</a> as byvroue in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Harem&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Harem (bladsy bestaan nie)">harems</a> aangehou is.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ibn Battuta vertel verskeie kere dat hy vroulike slawe gekoop of gekry het.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Volgens <a href="/wiki/Sjiisme" class="mw-redirect" title="Sjiisme">Sjiitiese</a> Moslems het Mohammed tydelike huwelike (<i>nikah mut‘ah</i>) goedgekeur en dit is dikwels gebruik as ’n wettige dekmantel vir sekswerkers.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Soennisme" class="mw-redirect" title="Soennisme">Soennitiese</a> Moslems, wat die grootste deel van Moslems uitmaak, glo dié praktyk is opgehef en eindelik verbied deur óf Mohammed óf een van sy opvolgers, <a href="/wiki/Omar" title="Omar">Omar</a>. Albei groepe beskou prostitusie as sondig en verbode. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Homoseksualiteit">Homoseksualiteit</h3></div> <p>In die Islam is ’n streng verbod op <a href="/wiki/Homoseksualiteit" title="Homoseksualiteit">homoseksualiteit</a><sup id="cite_ref-IslamQA_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IslamQA-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> na aanleiding van die verhaal van <a href="/wiki/Lot" class="mw-redirect" title="Lot">Lot</a>, soos vertel in byvoorbeeld soera 7:80-84, 26:165-166, 11:69-83, 29:28-35 van die Koran.<sup id="cite_ref-adang_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-adang-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-somwr_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-somwr-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Die volgende vers is regstreeks aan Mohammed en sy volgelinge gerig: </p> <blockquote class="templatequote"><div>En Lot <i>het Ons gestuur</i> toe hy aan sy volk gesê het: Julle verrig gruwels soos niemand ter wêreld vóór julle nog verrig het nie. Waarlik, julle benader mans met wellus in plaas van vroue. Julle is ’n volk wat die perke oorskry. <p>– Koran, Soera 7:80-81 </p> </div></blockquote> <p>’n Ander vers lui: </p> <blockquote class="templatequote"><div>En as twee van julle daaraan skuldig is, straf albei; en indien hulle berou het en hulself verbeter, laat hulle dan met rus. Voorwaar, Allah is Berouaanvarend, Genadevol. <p>– Koran, Soera 4:16 </p> </div></blockquote> <p>Volgens hadit is homoseksualiteit <i>zina</i> en strafbaar met die dood. Abu Dawud sê byvoorbeeld:<sup id="cite_ref-somwr_35-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-somwr-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-mohelawa_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mohelawa-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "Vertel deur Abdullah ibn Abbas: Die Profeet het gesê: As jy enigiemand kry wat doen wat Lot se mense gedoen het, maak dood die een wat dit gedoen het, en die een aan wie dit gedoen is" (Sunan Abu Dawood, 38:4447). </p><p>Al die belangrike Islamitiese skole keur homoseksualiteit af.<sup id="cite_ref-IslamQA_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IslamQA-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Volgens die Islam is dit ’n onnatuurlike versoeking en ’n oortreding van die natuurlike rol en doel van die seksdaad.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Die meeste Islamitiese juriste glo daar moet swaar strawwe wees soos die dood en lystraf,<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> terwyl ander nie saamstem nie<sup id="cite_ref-Moosa_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Moosa-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> en glo geen straf sal as doeltreffende reinigingsmiddel dien nie en daarom is ’n aardse straf nie wenslik nie.<sup id="cite_ref-Moosa_41-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Moosa-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Die debat oor homoseksualiteit het hoofsaaklik betrekking op dade tussen mans. Seks tussen vroue is nie <i>zina</i> nie, maar wel ’n sonde.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sommige Islamitiese juriste beskou seksuele omgang as net moontlik vir iemand met ’n <a href="/wiki/Penis" title="Penis">fallus</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-Omar_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Omar-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> dit het dus net betrekking op gevalle waar selfs net die <a href="/wiki/Eikel" title="Eikel">punt van die fallus</a> in die opening van ’n maat gesteek word.<sup id="cite_ref-Omar_43-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Omar-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Omdat vroue nie fallusse het nie en dus nie omgang met mekaar kan hê nie, kan hulle nie <i>zina</i> pleeg nie.<sup id="cite_ref-Omar_43-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Omar-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Orale_seks">Orale seks</h3></div> <p>In Islam word <a href="/wiki/Orale_seks" title="Orale seks">orale seks</a> beskou as <i>makruh tahrimi</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> of hoogs onwenslik; dit geld vir enige daad waar die mond en tong in aanraking kom met geslagsdele.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Moulana_Ismail_Desai_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Moulana_Ismail_Desai-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Daar is baie redes, maar veral die kwessies fatsoenlikheid en reinheid.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Die mees algemene argument daarteen<sup id="cite_ref-Moulana_Ismail_Desai_46-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Moulana_Ismail_Desai-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is dat die mond en tong gebruik word om uit die Koran aan te haal en te bid.<sup id="cite_ref-rem_allah_1_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rem_allah_1-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Oor die status van genitale afskeidings word gedabatteer; sommige beskou dit as onrein en ander nie. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Verkragting">Verkragting</h3></div> <p>Verkragting word deur die Islam verbied. Dit word beskryf as buite-egtelike omgang deur die mag van vrees, en sluit enige daaropvolgende fisieke of geestelike beserings in. Volgens Islamitiese wette is dit <i>hirabah</i>, dus ’n "geweldsmisdaad wat wanorde veroorsaak". ’n Soortgelyke misdaad is byvoorbeeld kaping omdat dit mense bang maak om uit te gaan of dat hulle hul besittings deur geweld sal verloor. Ander skole beskou dit as <i>zina</i> omdat dit "gedwonge owerspel" is. In die <a href="/wiki/Sjaria" title="Sjaria">Sjaria</a> is verkragting met steniging strafbaar.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reiniging_en_higiëne"><span id="Reiniging_en_higi.C3.ABne"></span>Reiniging en higiëne</h2></div> <p>Ná seksuele omgang waar <a href="/wiki/Penetrasie" class="mw-redirect" title="Penetrasie">penetrasie</a> of <a href="/wiki/Ejakulasie" title="Ejakulasie">ejakulasie</a> plaasgevind het, moet mans en vroue albei ’n rituele wassing bekend as <i>ghusl</i> ondergaan om rein te word voor hulle weer bid.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Ghusl</i> vereis skoon, reuklose water wat nie vir ’n vorige ritueel gebruik is nie en begin met die verklaring van die voorneme van reinheid en aanbidding.<sup id="cite_ref-Esposito_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Esposito-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Elke deel van die liggaam word in <i>ghusl</i> gewas.<sup id="cite_ref-Esposito_51-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Esposito-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Masturbasie">Masturbasie</h2></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Masturbasie" title="Masturbasie">Masturbasie</a> is oor die algemeen <i>makruh</i> en <i>garaam</i> in Islam. Daar is egter verskeie menings oor die toelaatbaarheid daarvan. Die Koran word beskou as vaag oor die saak. Ook hadit neem nie ’n duidelike standpunt in nie. Daarom wissel menings oor masturbasie in ’n groot mate.<sup id="cite_ref-oxfordislamicstudies.com_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oxfordislamicstudies.com-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Volgens alDin Tarbiyyah is dit toelaatbaar as dit uit noodsaaklikheid gedoen word.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hy keur dit ook goed vir soldate wat ver van hul vroue af is as ’n manier om kuis te bly. Volgens Ahmed ibn Hanbal is dit toelaatbaar vir gevangenes, reisigers asook mans en vroue wat sukkel om ’n huweliksmaat te kry.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Daar was nog altyd die beskouing dat masturbasie die kleinste van twee sondes is (teenoor ontug).<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Regsgeleerdes onderskei dus tussen mense wat uit noodsaaklikheid masturbeer en dié wat seks kan hê maar steeds masturbeer om hul wellus te bevredig.<sup id="cite_ref-oxfordislamicstudies.com_52-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oxfordislamicstudies.com-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nagtelike_storting">Nagtelike storting</h3></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Nagtelike_storting" title="Nagtelike storting">Nagtelike storting</a> word nie as ’n sonde beskou nie. Wanneer iemand in Ramadan of andersins vas, word dit gewoonlik as ’n verbreking van die vas beskou as hy doelbewus ejakuleer (tydens óf masturbasie óf seksuele omgang). Nagtelike storting is ’n uitsondering. Mans moet hulle egter steeds was voor enige godsdiensritueel mag plaasvind omdat ejakulasie ’n mens tydelik onrein maak.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geboortebeperking">Geboortebeperking</h2></div> <p>Die Koran bevat nie ’n vers spesifiek oor geboortebeperking nie. Moslems raadpleeg hadit oor die saak. Mohammed se metgesel Jabir noem in ’n geskrif ’n man wat vir die profeet gevra het: "Ek het ’n slawemeisie, en ons het haar as ’n diensmeisie nodig. Ek het seks met haar gehad en is bang sy raak swanger." Mohammed het geantwoord: ″Pas <a href="/wiki/Coitus_interruptus" title="Coitus interruptus">coitus interruptus</a> toe met haar as jy wil, want sy sal ontvang wat vooraf vir haar bepaal is.″<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Die onttrekkingsmetode van geboortebeperking is dus toelaatbaar.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Islamitiese regsgeleerdes gebruik afleiding om te bepaal dat ander vorme van geboortebeperking (byvoorbeeld die gebruik van <a href="/wiki/Kondoom" title="Kondoom">kondome</a>) dus ook aanvaarbaar is.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Aborsie">Aborsie</h2></div> <p>Islamitiese skole het verskillende menings oor <a href="/wiki/Aborsie" title="Aborsie">aborsie</a>, hoewel die meeste dit ontmoedig.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dit word egter in sekere omstandighede toegelaat, soos wanneer die ma se gesondheid erg benadeel word. As die aborsie nodig is om haar lewe te red, stem Moslems oor die algemeen saam dat haar lewe voorkeur kry.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In so ’n geval is die dokter se oordeel belangriker as dié van die regsgeleerde. </p><p>Aborsies omdat die swangerskap onbeplan of onwenslik is, word gewoonlik as <i>garaam</i> (verbode) beskou. Die Koran verbied aborsie uit vrees vir armoede: "Vermoor nie jul kinders vanweë jul armoede nie – Ons versorg julle en hulle" (soera 6:151), en "Moenie julle kinders doodmaak uit vrees vir armoede nie – Ons is dié wat húlle sowel as julle van die nodige voorsien. Voorwaar, om hulle dood te maak is ’n groot sonde" (soera 17:31). Moslems se opinie oor aborsie word ook deur hadit en die mening van godsdiens- en regsgeleerdes bepaal. In Islam word geglo die fetus word ná vier maande ’n lewende siel.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Aborsie is ná dié punt ontoelaatbaar. Baie Islamitiese denkers erken daar is uitsonderings op dié reël. Die Amerikaanse filosoof en akademikus Azizah Y. al-Hibri sê "die meeste Moslem-geleerdes laat aborsie toe, maar verskil oor in watter stadium van fetusontwikkeling dit verbode raak."<sup id="cite_ref-USAToday_63-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USAToday-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Die Amerikaanse Islamitiese geleerde Sherman Jackson sê "hoewel aborsie, selfs in die eerste trimester, verbode is volgens ’n minderheid regsgeleerdes, word dit nie beskou as ’n oortreding waarvoor daar kriminele of selfs burgerlike sanksies is nie". Moslems moet dus nie aborsiebeperkings steun wat nie deur die Islamitiese reg onderskryf word nie.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Die meeste Moslemgeleerdes meen ’n kind wat in ’n verkragting verwek word, is ’n menslike wese nes enige ander en dieselfde wette geld hier (’n aborsie is toelaatbaar voor die ouderdom van vier maande of as dit die ma se lewe bedreig).<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sommige geleerdes meen ook ’n aborsie is aanvaarbaar wanneer die baba siek is op ’n manier wat die versorging moeilik sal maak vir die ouers (soos fisieke gebreke of geestelike gestremdheid).<sup id="cite_ref-VRC_66-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-VRC-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Verwysings">Verwysings</h2></div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-count references-column-count-3" style="-moz-column-count: 3; -webkit-column-count: 3; column-count: 3; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r2205490">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:12px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite id="CITEREFDr._Shahid_Athar" class="citation web cs1">Dr. Shahid Athar. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.islam-usa.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=289&Itemid=301">"Sex education, teenage pregnancy, sex in Islam and marriage"</a>. /www.islam-usa.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">13 Junie</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sex+education%2C+teenage+pregnancy%2C+sex+in+Islam+and+marriage&rft.pub=%2Fwww.islam-usa.com&rft.au=Dr.+Shahid+Athar&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.islam-usa.com%2Findex.php%3Foption%3Dcom_content%26view%3Darticle%26id%3D289%26Itemid%3D301&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AIslamitiese+seksualiteitswette" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150317145545/http://myummah.co.za/site/2008/03/15/sunnah-of-the-wedding-night/">"Sunnah of the wedding night"</a>. Geargiveer vanaf <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://myummah.co.za/site/2008/03/15/sunnah-of-the-wedding-night/">die oorspronklike</a> op 17 Maart 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">3 Oktober</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sunnah+of+the+wedding+night&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmyummah.co.za%2Fsite%2F2008%2F03%2F15%2Fsunnah-of-the-wedding-night%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AIslamitiese+seksualiteitswette" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Masud, <i>Islamic Legal Interpretation, Muftis and Their Fatwas</i>, Harvard University Press, 1996</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bbc-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-bbc_4-0">4,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-bbc_4-1">4,1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-bbc_4-2">4,2</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/islam/islamethics/malecircumcision.shtml">"Circumcision of boys"</a>. <i>Religion & ethics—Islam</i> (in Engels). BBC. 24 Maart 2006. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191102170005/http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/islam/islamethics/malecircumcision.shtml">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 2 November 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">29 Julie</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Religion+%26+ethics%E2%80%94Islam&rft.atitle=Circumcision+of+boys&rft.date=2006-03-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Freligion%2Freligions%2Fislam%2Fislamethics%2Fmalecircumcision.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AIslamitiese+seksualiteitswette" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-khitān-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-khitān_5-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/316661/khitan">khitān</a> Encyclopedia Britannica (2009)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theislamicmonthly.com/a-tiny-cut-female-circumcision-in-south-east-asia/#_edn4">“A Tiny Cut”: Female Circumcision in South East Asia</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181215071630/http://www.theislamicmonthly.com/a-tiny-cut-female-circumcision-in-south-east-asia/#_edn4">Geargiveer</a> 15 Desember 2018 op <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <i>The Islamic Monthly</i> (12 Maart 2013)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Sahih al-Bukhari 5890, Boek 77, Hadit 107, <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://sunnah.com/bukhari/77/107">http://sunnah.com/bukhari/77/107</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Sahih Muslim 261a, Boek 2, Hadit 71, <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://sunnah.com/muslim/2/71">http://sunnah.com/muslim/2/71</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Al-Halabi, Ali Ibn-Burhan-al-Din. Alsirah al-halabiyyah. Vol. 1 Beirut: Al-maktabah al-islamiyyah. (n.d.): 54-5</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080213004023/http://www.islamonline.net/servlet/Satellite?pagename=IslamOnline-English-Ask_Scholar%2FFatwaE%2FFatwaE">"Medical Ethics of Male Circumcision"</a> (in Engels). Web.archive.org. 30 Mei 2010. Geargiveer vanaf <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.islamonline.net/servlet/Satellite?pagename=IslamOnline-English-Ask_Scholar/FatwaE/FatwaE&cid=1119503545032">die oorspronklike</a> op 13 Februarie 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">20 Mei</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Medical+Ethics+of+Male+Circumcision&rft.pub=Web.archive.org&rft.date=2010-05-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.islamonline.net%2Fservlet%2FSatellite%3Fpagename%3DIslamOnline-English-Ask_Scholar%2FFatwaE%2FFatwaE%26cid%3D1119503545032&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AIslamitiese+seksualiteitswette" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180305040205/http://www.islamicvoice.com/may.2000/dialogue.htm">"Circumcision"</a> (in Engels). Islamicvoice.com. 28 Maart 2000. Geargiveer vanaf <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.islamicvoice.com/may.2000/dialogue.htm">die oorspronklike</a> op 5 Maart 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">20 Mei</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Circumcision&rft.pub=Islamicvoice.com&rft.date=2000-03-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.islamicvoice.com%2Fmay.2000%2Fdialogue.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AIslamitiese+seksualiteitswette" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151217175325/http://convertingtoislam.com/circum.html">"Male circumcision – the Islamic View"</a> (in Engels). Convertingtoislam.com. Geargiveer vanaf <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://convertingtoislam.com/circum.html">die oorspronklike</a> op 17 Desember 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">4 Februarie</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Male+circumcision+%E2%80%93+the+Islamic+View&rft.pub=Convertingtoislam.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fconvertingtoislam.com%2Fcircum.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AIslamitiese+seksualiteitswette" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101227151507/http://islamicinvitationcentre.com/FAQ/converts/FAQ_converts.html#Anchor-34662circumcision">"Is Circumcision obligatory after conversion?"</a>. Islamicinvitationcentre.com. Geargiveer vanaf <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.islamicinvitationcentre.com/FAQ/converts/FAQ_converts.html#Anchor-34662circumcision">die oorspronklike</a> op 27 Desember 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">20 Mei</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Is+Circumcision+obligatory+after+conversion%3F&rft.pub=Islamicinvitationcentre.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.islamicinvitationcentre.com%2FFAQ%2Fconverts%2FFAQ_converts.html%23Anchor-34662circumcision&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AIslamitiese+seksualiteitswette" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120716152023/http://qa.sunnipath.com/issue_view.asp?HD=1&ID=1731&CATE=115">"Considering Converting: Is it necessary to be circumcised?"</a>. Qa.sunnipath.com. 3 Julie 2005. Geargiveer vanaf <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://qa.sunnipath.com/issue_view.asp?HD=1&ID=1731&CATE=115">die oorspronklike</a> op 16 Julie 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">20 Mei</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Considering+Converting%3A+Is+it+necessary+to+be+circumcised%3F&rft.pub=Qa.sunnipath.com&rft.date=2005-07-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fqa.sunnipath.com%2Fissue_view.asp%3FHD%3D1%26ID%3D1731%26CATE%3D115&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AIslamitiese+seksualiteitswette" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120716180532/http://qa.sunnipath.com/issue_view.asp?id=13339&hd=3&cate=0&t=rss">"Circumcision for Converts"</a>. Qa.sunnipath.com. 21 Maart 2007. Geargiveer vanaf <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://qa.sunnipath.com/issue_view.asp?id=13339&hd=3&cate=0&t=rss">die oorspronklike</a> op 16 Julie 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">20 Mei</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Circumcision+for+Converts&rft.pub=Qa.sunnipath.com&rft.date=2007-03-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fqa.sunnipath.com%2Fissue_view.asp%3Fid%3D13339%26hd%3D3%26cate%3D0%26t%3Drss&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AIslamitiese+seksualiteitswette" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190822084644/http://www.40hadithnawawi.com/index.php/the-hadiths/hadith-20">"Hadith 20 :: Modesty is from Faith"</a> (in Engels). 40hadithnawawi.com. Geargiveer vanaf <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://40hadithnawawi.com/index.php/the-hadiths/hadith-20">die oorspronklike</a> op 22 Augustus 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">27 Julie</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hadith+20+%3A%3A+Modesty+is+from+Faith&rft.pub=40hadithnawawi.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2F40hadithnawawi.com%2Findex.php%2Fthe-hadiths%2Fhadith-20&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AIslamitiese+seksualiteitswette" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Marital_privacy-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Marital_privacy_17-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.quran.mu/marital-privacy-in-islam.html">"Marital privacy in Islam"</a> (in Engels). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191031173603/http://www.quran.mu/marital-privacy-in-islam.html">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 31 Oktober 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">1 Desember</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Marital+privacy+in+Islam&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.quran.mu%2Fmarital-privacy-in-islam.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AIslamitiese+seksualiteitswette" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-18">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://islamqa.info/en/138101">"What is the appropriate age to teach children sex education?"</a> (in Engels). islamqa.info. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180619063056/https://islamqa.info/en/138101">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 19 Junie 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">27 November</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=What+is+the+appropriate+age+to+teach+children+sex+education%3F&rft.pub=islamqa.info&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fislamqa.info%2Fen%2F138101&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AIslamitiese+seksualiteitswette" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-19">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://islamqa.info/en/5560">"Etiquette of intimate relations"</a>. <i>Sheikh Muhammed Salih Al-Munajjid</i> (in Engels). islamqa.info. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180619112942/https://islamqa.info/en/5560">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 19 Junie 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">24 Julie</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sheikh+Muhammed+Salih+Al-Munajjid&rft.atitle=Etiquette+of+intimate+relations&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fislamqa.info%2Fen%2F5560&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AIslamitiese+seksualiteitswette" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-20">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.zawaj.com/articles/sex_and_marriage_q-and-a.html">"Sex & Marriage in Islam"</a> (in Engels). zawaj.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191027062349/http://www.zawaj.com/articles/sex_and_marriage_q-and-a.html">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 27 Oktober 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">24 Julie</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sex+%26+Marriage+in+Islam&rft.pub=zawaj.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.zawaj.com%2Farticles%2Fsex_and_marriage_q-and-a.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AIslamitiese+seksualiteitswette" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-21">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.al-islam.org/islamic-marriage-syed-athar-husain-sh-rizvi/importance-marriage-islam">"Importance of Marriage in Islam"</a> (in Engels). Al-Islam.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170427063439/https://www.al-islam.org/islamic-marriage-syed-athar-husain-sh-rizvi/importance-marriage-islam">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 27 April 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">24 Julie</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Importance+of+Marriage+in+Islam&rft.pub=Al-Islam.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.al-islam.org%2Fislamic-marriage-syed-athar-husain-sh-rizvi%2Fimportance-marriage-islam&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AIslamitiese+seksualiteitswette" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ahlul-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Ahlul_22-0">22,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Ahlul_22-1">22,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131003204430/http://www.al-islam.org/marriage-handbook/3.htm">"Importance of Marriage in Islam"</a> (in Engels). Geargiveer vanaf <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.al-islam.org/marriage-handbook/3.htm">die oorspronklike</a> op 3 Oktober 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">28 April</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Importance+of+Marriage+in+Islam&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.al-islam.org%2Fmarriage-handbook%2F3.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AIslamitiese+seksualiteitswette" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-23">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://islamqa.info/en/826">"Masturbation between husband and wife"</a>. <i>Muhammad Saalih al-Munajjid</i> (in Engels). islamqa.info. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180619113234/https://islamqa.info/en/826">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 19 Junie 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">2 Augustus</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Muhammad+Saalih+al-Munajjid&rft.atitle=Masturbation+between+husband+and+wife&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fislamqa.info%2Fen%2F826&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AIslamitiese+seksualiteitswette" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-24">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Ibn Qudaamah, Malik, Al-Mughni, 7/30, Al-Jassaas, Ahkaam al-Qur’aan, 1/374, Shaykh al-Islam, Al-Ikhtiyaaraat al-Fiqhiyyah, bl. 246.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-25">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://islamqa.info/en/9602">"Her husband has strong desire; what should she do?"</a>. <i>Muhammad Saalih al-Munajjid</i> (in Engels). islamqa.info. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180707172334/https://islamqa.info/en/9602">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 7 Julie 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">2 Augustus</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Muhammad+Saalih+al-Munajjid&rft.atitle=Her+husband+has+strong+desire%3B+what+should+she+do%3F&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fislamqa.info%2Fen%2F9602&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AIslamitiese+seksualiteitswette" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-26">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">al-Fataawa al-Islamiyyah, 3/145, 146, Kashf al-Qinaa’, 5/189, Al-Muhalla, 10/40, Kashf al-Qinaa’, 5/189</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Suad_2007_531-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Suad_2007_531_27-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFSuad2007" class="citation book cs1">Suad, Joseph (2007). <i>Encyclopedia of Women and Islamic Cultures</i>. Boston: Brill, Leiden. p. 531.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Women+and+Islamic+Cultures&rft.place=Boston&rft.pages=531&rft.pub=Brill%2C+Leiden&rft.date=2007&rft.aulast=Suad&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AIslamitiese+seksualiteitswette" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceA-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_28-0">28,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_28-1">28,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFSuad2007" class="citation book cs1">Suad, Joseph (2007). <i>Encyclopedia</i>. Boston: Brill, Leiden. p. 531.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia&rft.place=Boston&rft.pages=531&rft.pub=Brill%2C+Leiden&rft.date=2007&rft.aulast=Suad&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AIslamitiese+seksualiteitswette" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-29">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFWheeler" class="citation web cs1">Wheeler, Brannon. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?id=GALE%7CCX3403500093&v=2.1&u=nysl_ce_colgul&it=r&p=GVRL&sw=w">"Encyclopedia of Islam and the Muslim World"</a>. Macmillan Reference USA<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">3 Mei</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Islam+and+the+Muslim+World&rft.pub=Macmillan+Reference+USA&rft.aulast=Wheeler&rft.aufirst=Brannon&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgo.galegroup.com%2Fps%2Fi.do%3Fid%3DGALE%257CCX3403500093%26v%3D2.1%26u%3Dnysl_ce_colgul%26it%3Dr%26p%3DGVRL%26sw%3Dw&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AIslamitiese+seksualiteitswette" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-30">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/islam/history/slavery_7.shtml">Islam and slavery: Sexual slavery</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-31">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sfusd.k12.ca.us/schwww/sch618/Ibn_Battuta/Slavery.html">Insights into the concept of Slavery</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091122171200/http://www.sfusd.k12.ca.us/schwww/sch618/ibn_battuta/Slavery.html">Geargiveer</a> 22 November 2009 op <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. San Francisco Unified School District.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-32">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFİlkkaracan2008" class="citation book cs1">İlkkaracan, Pınar (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=pnGwP9-FhxYC&pg=PA36&dq#v=onepage&q=&f=false"><i>Deconstructing sexuality in the Middle East: challenges and discourses</i></a>. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. p. 36. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/0-7546-7235-2" title="Spesiaal:Boekbronne/0-7546-7235-2"><bdi>0-7546-7235-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Deconstructing+sexuality+in+the+Middle+East%3A+challenges+and+discourses&rft.pages=36&rft.pub=Ashgate+Publishing%2C+Ltd.&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=0-7546-7235-2&rft.aulast=%C4%B0lkkaracan&rft.aufirst=P%C4%B1nar&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DpnGwP9-FhxYC%26pg%3DPA36%26dq%23v%3Donepage%26q%3D%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AIslamitiese+seksualiteitswette" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-IslamQA-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-IslamQA_33-0">33,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-IslamQA_33-1">33,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFMuhammed_Salih_Al-Munajjid" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Muhammed Salih Al-Munajjid. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://islamqa.info/en/10050">"Why does Islam forbid lesbianism and homosexuality?"</a> (in Engels). Islamqa.info. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180402000043/https://islamqa.info/en/10050">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 2 April 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">9 Mei</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Why+does+Islam+forbid+lesbianism+and+homosexuality%3F&rft.pub=Islamqa.info&rft.au=Muhammed+Salih+Al-Munajjid&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fislamqa.info%2Fen%2F10050&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AIslamitiese+seksualiteitswette" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-adang-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-adang_34-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Camilla Adang (2003), Ibn Hazam on Homosexuality, Al Qantara, Vol. 25, No. 1, ble. 5-31</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-somwr-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-somwr_35-0">35,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-somwr_35-1">35,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Stephen O. Murray en Will Roscoe (1997), Islamic Homosexualities: Culture, History, and Literature, <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/9780814774687" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-8147-7468-7</a>, New York University Press, ble. 88-94</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-36">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFMichaelson2011" class="citation book cs1">Michaelson, Jay (2011). <i>God Vs. Gay? The Religious Case for Equality</i>. Boston: Beacon Press. pp. 68–69. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/978-0-8070-0159-2" title="Spesiaal:Boekbronne/978-0-8070-0159-2"><bdi>978-0-8070-0159-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=God+Vs.+Gay%3F+The+Religious+Case+for+Equality&rft.place=Boston&rft.pages=68-69&rft.pub=Beacon+Press&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-0-8070-0159-2&rft.aulast=Michaelson&rft.aufirst=Jay&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AIslamitiese+seksualiteitswette" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-mohelawa-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-mohelawa_37-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Mohamed S. El-Awa (1993), Punishment In Islamic Law, American Trust Publications, <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/9780892591428" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-89259-142-8</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-38">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">See, for example, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://thetruereligion.org/modules/wfsection/article.php?articleid=45">this website</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-39">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.alinaam.org.za/library/homos.htm">"Homosexuality in the Light of Islam"</a>, 20 September 2003</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-40">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFMuhammed_Salih_Al-Munajjid" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Muhammed Salih Al-Munajjid. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://islamqa.info/en/38622">"The punishment for homosexuality"</a> (in Engels). Islamqa.info. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180907194220/https://islamqa.info/en/38622">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 7 September 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">9 Mei</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+punishment+for+homosexuality&rft.pub=Islamqa.info&rft.au=Muhammed+Salih+Al-Munajjid&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fislamqa.info%2Fen%2F38622&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AIslamitiese+seksualiteitswette" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Moosa-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Moosa_41-0">41,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Moosa_41-1">41,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFMoosa" class="citation web cs1">Moosa, Ebrahim. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?id=GALE%7CCX3403500144&v=2.1&u=nysl_ce_colgul&it=r&p=GVRL&sw=w">"Encyclopedia of Islam and the Muslim World"</a>. Macmillan Reference USA.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Islam+and+the+Muslim+World&rft.pub=Macmillan+Reference+USA&rft.aulast=Moosa&rft.aufirst=Ebrahim&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgo.galegroup.com%2Fps%2Fi.do%3Fid%3DGALE%257CCX3403500144%26v%3D2.1%26u%3Dnysl_ce_colgul%26it%3Dr%26p%3DGVRL%26sw%3Dw&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AIslamitiese+seksualiteitswette" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-42">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.islamqa.com/en/ref/21058">Islamqa.com</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Omar-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Omar_43-0">43,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Omar_43-1">43,1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Omar_43-2">43,2</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFOmar" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Omar, Sara. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/article/opr/t349/e0010">"The Oxford Encyclopedia of Islam and Law"</a> (in Engels). Oxford Islamic Studies Online. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191027103159/http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/article/opr/t349/e0010">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 27 Oktober 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">3 Mei</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Encyclopedia+of+Islam+and+Law&rft.pub=Oxford+Islamic+Studies+Online&rft.aulast=Omar&rft.aufirst=Sara&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxfordislamicstudies.com%2Farticle%2Fopr%2Ft349%2Fe0010&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AIslamitiese+seksualiteitswette" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-44">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://askthescholar.com/question-details.aspx?qstID=1750">"Ask The Scholar: What is meant by makruh?"</a>. <i>Shaik Ahmad Kutty</i> (in Engels). Ahmad Kutty. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190402152629/https://askthescholar.com/question-details.aspx%3FqstID%3D1750">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 2 April 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">7 Julie</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Shaik+Ahmad+Kutty&rft.atitle=Ask+The+Scholar%3A+What+is+meant+by+makruh%3F&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Faskthescholar.com%2Fquestion-details.aspx%3FqstID%3D1750&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AIslamitiese+seksualiteitswette" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-45">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.central-mosque.com/fiqh/OralSexInIslam.htm">"Oral Sex in Islam"</a>. <i>The Majlis</i>. Vol. 6 No. 8: JamiatKZN, Central-Mosque.com. 14 Junie 2003<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">7 Julie</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Majlis&rft.atitle=Oral+Sex+in+Islam&rft.date=2003-06-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.central-mosque.com%2Ffiqh%2FOralSexInIslam.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AIslamitiese+seksualiteitswette" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Sjabloon:Cite_web" title="Sjabloon:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: AS1-onderhoud: plek (<a href="/wiki/Kategorie:AS1-onderhoud:_plek" title="Kategorie:AS1-onderhoud: plek">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Moulana_Ismail_Desai-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Moulana_Ismail_Desai_46-0">46,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Moulana_Ismail_Desai_46-1">46,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.askimam.org/public/question_detail/21483#_ftnref1">"Are partners allowed to lick each other's private parts?"</a>. <i>Mawlana Saeed Ahmed Golaub</i> (in Engels). Moulana Ismail Desai. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191027075920/http://www.askimam.org/public/question_detail/21483#_ftnref1">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 27 Oktober 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">9 Oktober</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Mawlana+Saeed+Ahmed+Golaub&rft.atitle=Are+partners+allowed+to+lick+each+other%E2%80%99s+private+parts%3F&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.askimam.org%2Fpublic%2Fquestion_detail%2F21483%23_ftnref1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AIslamitiese+seksualiteitswette" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-47">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFHajj_Gibril" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Hajj Gibril. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.livingislam.org/fiqhi/fiqha_e92.html#2">"Questions On Sexuality, Oral sex"</a>. <i>Living Islam</i> (in Engels). GF Haddad. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200327215428/https://www.livingislam.org/fiqhi/fiqha_e92.html">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 27 Maart 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">7 Julie</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Living+Islam&rft.atitle=Questions+On+Sexuality%2C+Oral+sex&rft.au=Hajj+Gibril&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.livingislam.org%2Ffiqhi%2Ffiqha_e92.html%232&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AIslamitiese+seksualiteitswette" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-rem_allah_1-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-rem_allah_1_48-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREF'Alî_Abd-ur-Rahmân_al-Hudhaifî2001" class="citation web cs1">'Alî Abd-ur-Rahmân al-Hudhaifî (4 Mei 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120415032643/http://www.islaam.net/main/display.php?id=391&category=134">"Remembrance of Allaah"</a>. <i>Islamic Network</i>. Islamic Network. Geargiveer vanaf <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.islaam.net/main/display.php?id=391&category=134">die oorspronklike</a> op 15 April 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">7 Julie</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Islamic+Network.&rft.atitle=Remembrance+of+Allaah&rft.date=2001-05-04&rft.au=%27Al%C3%AE+Abd-ur-Rahm%C3%A2n+al-Hudhaif%C3%AE&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.islaam.net%2Fmain%2Fdisplay.php%3Fid%3D391%26category%3D134&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AIslamitiese+seksualiteitswette" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-49">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Jami` at-Tirmidhi, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sunnah.com/tirmidhi/17">17:37</a>, Sunan Abu Dawood, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunan_Abu_Dawood" class="extiw" title="en:Sunan Abu Dawood">38:4366</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-50">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFAli2006" class="citation book cs1">Ali, Kecia (2006). <i>Sexual Ethics and Islam: feminist reflections on Qur'an, hadith, and jurisprudence</i>. Oxford: Oneworld.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sexual+Ethics+and+Islam%3A+feminist+reflections+on+Qur%27an%2C+hadith%2C+and+jurisprudence&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Oneworld&rft.date=2006&rft.aulast=Ali&rft.aufirst=Kecia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AIslamitiese+seksualiteitswette" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Esposito-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Esposito_51-0">51,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Esposito_51-1">51,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFEsposito" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Esposito, John. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/article/opr/t243/e4">"Oxford Islamic Studies Online"</a> (in Engels). Oxford University Press. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191027103154/http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/article/opr/t243/e4">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 27 Oktober 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">3 Mei</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Oxford+Islamic+Studies+Online&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.aulast=Esposito&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxfordislamicstudies.com%2Farticle%2Fopr%2Ft243%2Fe4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AIslamitiese+seksualiteitswette" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-oxfordislamicstudies.com-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-oxfordislamicstudies.com_52-0">52,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-oxfordislamicstudies.com_52-1">52,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFOmar" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Omar, Sara. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/article/opr/t349/e0011">"Oxford Islamic Studies Online"</a> (in Engels). Oxford University Press. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200407235531/http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/article/opr/t349/e0011">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 7 April 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Oxford+Islamic+Studies+Online&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.aulast=Omar&rft.aufirst=Sara&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxfordislamicstudies.com%2Farticle%2Fopr%2Ft349%2Fe0011&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AIslamitiese+seksualiteitswette" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-53">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Islam, Gender, and Social Change – Page 28, Yvonne Yazbeck Haddad, John L. Esposito – 1998</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-54">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">The New Arab Man: Emergent Masculinities, Technologies, and Islam in the Middle East, p 168, Marcia C. Inhorn – 2012</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-55">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFInhorn2007" class="citation journal cs1">Inhorn, Marcia (2007). "Masturbation, Semen Collection and Men's IVF Experiences: Anxieties in". <i>Body & Society</i>. <b>13</b> (37).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Body+%26+Society&rft.atitle=Masturbation%2C+Semen+Collection+and+Men%27s+IVF+Experiences%3A+Anxieties+in&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=37&rft.date=2007&rft.aulast=Inhorn&rft.aufirst=Marcia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AIslamitiese+seksualiteitswette" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-56">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://islamqa.info/en/9208">http://islamqa.info/en/9208</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-57">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFSachedina1990" class="citation journal cs1">Sachedina, Zulie (1990). "Islam, Procreation and the Law". <i>International Family Planning Perspectives</i>. <b>16</b> (3).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Family+Planning+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Islam%2C+Procreation+and+the+Law&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=3&rft.date=1990&rft.aulast=Sachedina&rft.aufirst=Zulie&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AIslamitiese+seksualiteitswette" class="Z3988"></span> Besoek op 3 Mei 2013</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-58">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFAli2006" class="citation book cs1">Ali, Kecia (2006). <i>Sexual ethics and Islam: feminist reflections on Qur'an, hadith, and jurisprudence</i>. Oxford: Oneworld.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sexual+ethics+and+Islam%3A+feminist+reflections+on+Qur%27an%2C+hadith%2C+and+jurisprudence&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Oneworld&rft.date=2006&rft.aulast=Ali&rft.aufirst=Kecia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AIslamitiese+seksualiteitswette" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-59">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFEsposito" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Esposito, John. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/article/opr/t125/e358">"Oxford Islamic Studies Online"</a> (in Engels). Oxford University Press. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191009130130/http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/article/opr/t125/e358">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 9 Oktober 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Oxford+Islamic+Studies+Online&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.aulast=Esposito&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxfordislamicstudies.com%2Farticle%2Fopr%2Ft125%2Fe358&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AIslamitiese+seksualiteitswette" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-60">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFSachedina1990" class="citation journal cs1">Sachedina, Zulie (1990). "Islam, Procreation and the Law". <i>International Family Planning Perspectives</i>. <b>16</b> (3): 111.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Family+Planning+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Islam%2C+Procreation+and+the+Law&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=111&rft.date=1990&rft.aulast=Sachedina&rft.aufirst=Zulie&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AIslamitiese+seksualiteitswette" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-61">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFBowen2003" class="citation book cs1">Bowen, Donna Lee (2003). "Contemporary Muslim Ethics of Abortion". In Brockopp, Jonathan E. (red.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=agqtUUoOgQoC&PA=88"><i>Islamic ethics of life: abortion, war, and euthanasia</i></a>. University of South Carolina Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Contemporary+Muslim+Ethics+of+Abortion&rft.btitle=Islamic+ethics+of+life%3A+abortion%2C+war%2C+and+euthanasia&rft.pub=University+of+South+Carolina+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.aulast=Bowen&rft.aufirst=Donna+Lee&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DagqtUUoOgQoC%26PA%3D88&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AIslamitiese+seksualiteitswette" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-62">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">"<i>(The matter of the Creation of) a human being is put together in the womb of the mother in forty days, and then he becomes a clot of thick blood for a similar period, and then a piece of flesh for a similar period. Then Allah sends an angel who is ordered to write four things...then the soul is breathed into him</i>" – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.usc.edu/org/cmje/religious-texts/hadith/bukhari/054-sbt.php#004.054.430">Sahih al-Bukhari, 4:54:430</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140828004318/http://www.usc.edu/org/cmje/religious-texts/hadith/bukhari/054-sbt.php#004.054.430">Geargiveer</a> 28 Augustus 2014 op <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-USAToday-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-USAToday_63-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFEhrich2006" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Ehrich, Tom (13 Augustus 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.usatoday.com/news/opinion/editorials/2006-08-13-forum-abortion_x.htm">"Where does God stand on abortion?"</a>. <i>USA Today</i> (in Engels). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120627035106/http://www.usatoday.com/news/opinion/editorials/2006-08-13-forum-abortion_x.htm">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 27 Junie 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">11 Oktober</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=USA+Today&rft.atitle=Where+does+God+stand+on+abortion%3F&rft.date=2006-08-13&rft.aulast=Ehrich&rft.aufirst=Tom&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.usatoday.com%2Fnews%2Fopinion%2Feditorials%2F2006-08-13-forum-abortion_x.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AIslamitiese+seksualiteitswette" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-64">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFJackson2005" class="citation book cs1">Jackson, Sherman A. (2005). "Blackamerica, Immigrant Islam, and the Dominant Culture". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=nprKYM8sleYC&pg=PA151#v=onepage&q&f=false"><i>Islam and the Blackamerican: Looking Toward the Third Resurrection</i></a>. Oxford, VK: Oxford University Press. p. 151.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Blackamerica%2C+Immigrant+Islam%2C+and+the+Dominant+Culture&rft.btitle=Islam+and+the+Blackamerican%3A+Looking+Toward+the+Third+Resurrection&rft.place=Oxford%2C+VK&rft.pages=151&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2005&rft.aulast=Jackson&rft.aufirst=Sherman+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DnprKYM8sleYC%26pg%3DPA151%23v%3Donepage%26q%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AIslamitiese+seksualiteitswette" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-65">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://islamqa.info/en/131275">"Her foetus died after 66 days gestation and was miscarried after 100 days. Is her bleeding nifaas?"</a> (in Engels). Islamqa.info. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180619112940/https://islamqa.info/en/131275">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 19 Junie 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">24 Julie</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Her+foetus+died+after+66+days+gestation+and+was+miscarried+after+100+days.+Is+her+bleeding+nifaas%3F&rft.pub=Islamqa.info&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fislamqa.info%2Fen%2F131275&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AIslamitiese+seksualiteitswette" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-VRC-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-VRC_66-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFRispler-Chaim2003" class="citation book cs1">Rispler-Chaim, Vardit (2003). "The Right Not To Be Born: Abortion of the Disadvantaged Fetus in Contemporary Fatwas". In Brockopp, Jonathan E. (red.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=agqtUUoOgQoC&PA=88"><i>Islamic ethics of life: abortion, war, and euthanasia</i></a>. University of South Carolina Press. pp. 87–88.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Right+Not+To+Be+Born%3A+Abortion+of+the+Disadvantaged+Fetus+in+Contemporary+Fatwas&rft.btitle=Islamic+ethics+of+life%3A+abortion%2C+war%2C+and+euthanasia&rft.pages=87-88&rft.pub=University+of+South+Carolina+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.aulast=Rispler-Chaim&rft.aufirst=Vardit&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DagqtUUoOgQoC%26PA%3D88&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AIslamitiese+seksualiteitswette" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eksterne_skakels">Eksterne skakels</h2></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.religiousrules.com/Islampurity06bath.htm">"Sexual impurity and ritual bathing (<i>ghusl</i>)"</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/article/opr/t125/e2139?_hi=1&_pos=2">Artikel oor seksualiteit in Oxford Islamic Studies Online</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.islamfortoday.com/ruqaiyyah03.htm">Article, "Turning Sex into Sadaqa", op Islam for Today</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180504013712/http://www.islamfortoday.com/ruqaiyyah03.htm">Geargiveer</a> 4 Mei 2018 op <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.brandeis.edu/projects/fse/muslim/mus-index.html">FSE-projek, afdeling "Muslim Sexual Ethics"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20051201010701/http://www.brandeis.edu/projects/fse/muslim/mus-index.html">Geargiveer</a> 1 Desember 2005 op <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Crystal_txt.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Crystal_txt.png/15px-Crystal_txt.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Crystal_txt.png/23px-Crystal_txt.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Crystal_txt.png/30px-Crystal_txt.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></a></span> Hierdie artikel is vertaal uit die <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_sexual_jurisprudence" class="extiw" title="en:Islamic sexual jurisprudence">Engelse Wikipedia</a></li></ul> <div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Normdata_frameless_&#124;text-top_&#124;10px_&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata_&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1974389&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" 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