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href="#Przykłady_grup_incertae_sedis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Przykłady grup <i>incertae sedis</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Przykłady_grup_incertae_sedis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Zobacz_też" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Zobacz_też"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Zobacz też</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Zobacz_też-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Przypisy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Przypisy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Przypisy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Przypisy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Spis treści" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Przełącz stan spisu treści" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Przełącz stan spisu treści</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Incertae sedis</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Przejdź do artykułu w innym języku. Treść dostępna w 46 językach" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-46" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">46 języków</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incertae_sedis" title="Incertae sedis – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Incertae sedis" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D8%B5%D9%86%D9%88%D9%81%D8%A9_%D8%BA%D9%8A%D8%B1_%D9%85%D8%AD%D8%AF%D8%AF%D8%A9" title="أصنوفة غير محددة – arabski" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="أصنوفة غير محددة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incertae_sedis" title="Incertae sedis – asturyjski" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Incertae sedis" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturyjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incertae_sedis" title="Incertae sedis – bułgarski" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Incertae sedis" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bułgarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incertae_sedis" title="Incertae sedis – bośniacki" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Incertae sedis" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bośniacki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incertae_sedis" title="Incertae sedis – kataloński" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Incertae sedis" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="kataloński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incertae_sedis" title="Incertae sedis – czeski" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Incertae sedis" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="czeski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incertae_sedis" title="Incertae sedis – niemiecki" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Incertae sedis" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="niemiecki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incertae_sedis" title="Incertae sedis – estoński" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Incertae sedis" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estoński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incertae_sedis" title="Incertae sedis – grecki" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Incertae sedis" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grecki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incertae_sedis" title="Incertae sedis – angielski" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Incertae sedis" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angielski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incertae_sedis" title="Incertae sedis – hiszpański" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Incertae sedis" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="hiszpański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incertae_sedis" title="Incertae sedis – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Incertae sedis" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incertae_sedis" title="Incertae sedis – baskijski" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Incertae sedis" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B7%D8%A8%D9%82%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%AF%DB%8C_%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%AE%D8%B5" title="طبقه‌بندی نامشخص – perski" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="طبقه‌بندی نامشخص" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incertae_sedis" title="Incertae sedis – francuski" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Incertae sedis" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francuski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incertae_sedis" title="Incertae sedis – irlandzki" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Incertae sedis" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandzki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incertae_sedis" title="Incertae sedis – galicyjski" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Incertae sedis" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicyjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incertae_sedis" title="Incertae sedis – koreański" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="Incertae sedis" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nesiguran_polo%C5%BEaj" title="Nesiguran položaj – chorwacki" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Nesiguran položaj" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="chorwacki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incertae_sedis" title="Incertae sedis – indonezyjski" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Incertae sedis" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonezyjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incertae_sedis" title="Incertae sedis – włoski" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Incertae sedis" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="włoski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%98%D7%A7%D7%A1%D7%95%D7%9F_%D7%9C%D7%9C%D7%90_%D7%9E%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%A8" title="טקסון ללא מקור – hebrajski" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="טקסון ללא מקור" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrajski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incertae_sedis" title="Incertae sedis – węgierski" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Incertae sedis" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="węgierski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%87%E0%B5%BB%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%BF_%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D" title="ഇൻസേടി സെഡിസ് – malajalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഇൻസേടി സെഡിസ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malajalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incertae_sedis" title="Incertae sedis – maltański" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Incertae sedis" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="maltański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incertae_sedis" title="Incertae sedis – malajski" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Incertae sedis" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incertae_sedis" title="Incertae sedis – niderlandzki" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Incertae sedis" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="niderlandzki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incertae_sedis" title="Incertae sedis – japoński" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="Incertae sedis" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japoński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incertae_sedis" title="Incertae sedis – norweski (bokmål)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Incertae sedis" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norweski (bokmål)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incertae_sedis" title="Incertae sedis – oksytański" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Incertae sedis" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="oksytański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incertae_sedis" title="Incertae sedis – dolnoniemiecki" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Incertae sedis" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="dolnoniemiecki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incertae_sedis" title="Incertae sedis – portugalski" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Incertae sedis" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incertae_sedis" title="Incertae sedis – rumuński" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Incertae sedis" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumuński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incertae_sedis" title="Incertae sedis – rosyjski" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Incertae sedis" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rosyjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incertae_sedis" title="Incertae sedis – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Incertae sedis" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incertae_sedis" title="Incertae sedis – słowacki" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Incertae sedis" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="słowacki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incertae_sedis" title="Incertae sedis – słoweński" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Incertae sedis" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="słoweński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B0%D1%98" title="Несигуран положај – serbski" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Несигуран положај" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incertae_sedis" title="Incertae sedis – serbsko-chorwacki" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Incertae sedis" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbsko-chorwacki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incertae_sedis" title="Incertae sedis – fiński" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Incertae sedis" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="fiński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incertae_sedis" title="Incertae sedis – szwedzki" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Incertae sedis" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="szwedzki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incertae_sedis" title="Incertae sedis – turecki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Incertae sedis" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turecki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incertae_sedis" title="Incertae sedis – ukraiński" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Incertae sedis" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukraiński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incertae_sedis" title="Incertae sedis – wietnamski" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Incertae sedis" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="wietnamski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E4%BD%8D%E6%9C%AA%E5%AE%9A" title="地位未定 – chiński" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="地位未定" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chiński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q235536#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edytuj linki pomiędzy wersjami językowymi" 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accesskey="g"><span>Element Wikidanych</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Narzędzia dla stron"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Wygląd"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Wygląd</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">przypnij</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">ukryj</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Z Wikipedii, wolnej encyklopedii</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="pl" dir="ltr"><p><b>Incertae sedis</b> lub <b>incertæ sedis</b> (<a href="/wiki/%C5%81acina" title="Łacina">łac.</a> „o niepewnej pozycji”) – termin używany w <a href="/wiki/Taksonomia" title="Taksonomia">taksonomii</a> do określenia <a href="/wiki/Takson" title="Takson">jednostki taksonomicznej</a>, której szersze <a href="/wiki/Pokrewie%C5%84stwo" title="Pokrewieństwo">pokrewieństwo</a> jest nieznane lub niezdefiniowane<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1">[1]</a></sup>. Czasami stosowane jest też określenie <i>sedis mutabilis</i>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Wyjaśnienie_terminu"><span id="Wyja.C5.9Bnienie_terminu"></span>Wyjaśnienie terminu</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Incertae_sedis&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Edytuj sekcję: Wyjaśnienie terminu" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edytuj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Incertae_sedis&action=edit&section=1" title="Edytuj kod źródłowy sekcji: Wyjaśnienie terminu"><span>edytuj kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Termin pochodzi z języka <a href="/wiki/%C5%81acina" title="Łacina">łacińskiego</a>, od słowa <i>sedes</i>, dosłownie „miejsce do siedzenia”<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a></sup>, w przenośni „położenie”. Wyrażenie jest w <a href="/wiki/Dope%C5%82niacz_(przypadek)" title="Dopełniacz (przypadek)">dopełniaczu</a>, więc nie ulega zmianie (grupa <i>incertae sedis</i>, grupy <i>incertae sedis</i>). </p><p>Wyrażenie określa niepewność dotyczącą interpretacji pokrewieństw, w odróżnieniu od wyrażeń takich jak <i><a href="/wiki/Nomen_dubium" title="Nomen dubium">nomen dubium</a></i> czy <a href="/w/index.php?title=%27%27species_inquirenda%27%27&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="''species inquirenda'' (strona nie istnieje)"><i>species inquirenda</i></a><span class="noprint link-interwiki" style="position:relative;top:-.4em; white-space: nowrap; font-size:x-small;"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3766304#sitelinks-wikipedia" class="extiw" title="d:Q3766304">(inne języki)</a></span>, odnoszących się do sytuacji w której nie ma pewności co do właściwego użycia nazwy ze względów <a href="/wiki/Nomenklatura_botaniczna" title="Nomenklatura botaniczna">nomenklatorycznych</a> (często chodzi o zaginięcie <a href="/wiki/Typ_nomenklatoryczny" title="Typ nomenklatoryczny">typu</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1">[1]</a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Przykłady_grup_incertae_sedis"><span id="Przyk.C5.82ady_grup_incertae_sedis"></span>Przykłady grup <i>incertae sedis</i></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Incertae_sedis&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Edytuj sekcję: Przykłady grup incertae sedis" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edytuj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Incertae_sedis&action=edit&section=2" title="Edytuj kod źródłowy sekcji: Przykłady grup incertae sedis"><span>edytuj kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Niepewność taksonomiczna może odnosić się do różnych rang klasyfikacyjnych. Na przykład <a href="/wiki/Chitinozoa" title="Chitinozoa">chitinozoa</a> (mikroskamieniałości <a href="/wiki/Paleozoik" title="Paleozoik">paleozoiczne</a>) interpretowane są czasem jako <a href="/wiki/Protisty" title="Protisty">protisty</a><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a></sup>, a czasem jako jaja <a href="/wiki/Zwierz%C4%99ta" title="Zwierzęta">zwierząt</a><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a></sup>; jest więc to niepewność na poziomie <a href="/wiki/Kr%C3%B3lestwo_(biologia)" title="Królestwo (biologia)">królestwa</a>. Natomiast Apertomeandrinidae są <a href="/wiki/Rodzina_(biologia)" title="Rodzina (biologia)">rodziną</a> <i>incertae sedis</i> w obrębie typu <a href="/wiki/Otwornice" title="Otwornice">otwornic</a> (niepewność na poziomie <a href="/wiki/Gromada_(biologia)" title="Gromada (biologia)">gromady</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a></sup>. Dla uściślenia poziomu niepewności używa się więc czasem dokładniejszych określeń, na przykład <i>incerti ordinis</i> (o niepewnej przynależności na poziomie <a href="/wiki/Rz%C4%85d_(biologia)" title="Rząd (biologia)">rzędu</a>), <i>incertae familiae</i> (o niepewnej przynależności na poziomie rodziny). </p><p>Innymi grupami <i>incertae sedis</i> są: </p> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Receptakulity&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Receptakulity (strona nie istnieje)">receptakulity</a><span class="noprint link-interwiki" style="position:relative;top:-.4em; white-space: nowrap; font-size:x-small;"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7302354#sitelinks-wikipedia" class="extiw" title="d:Q7302354">(inne języki)</a></span>;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tentakulity" title="Tentakulity">tentakulity</a>;</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thylacocephala&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thylacocephala (strona nie istnieje)">Thylacocephala</a><span class="noprint link-interwiki" style="position:relative;top:-.4em; white-space: nowrap; font-size:x-small;"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2430260#sitelinks-wikipedia" class="extiw" title="d:Q2430260">(inne języki)</a></span>;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vetulicolia" title="Vetulicolia">Vetulicolia</a>.</li></ul> <p>Szczególnie wiele taksonów <i>incertae sedis</i> znajduje się wśród grup wymarłych<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Zobacz_też"><span id="Zobacz_te.C5.BC"></span>Zobacz też</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Incertae_sedis&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Edytuj sekcję: Zobacz też" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edytuj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Incertae_sedis&action=edit&section=3" title="Edytuj kod źródłowy sekcji: Zobacz też"><span>edytuj kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lista_termin%C3%B3w_i_skr%C3%B3t%C3%B3w_w_nomenklaturze_biologicznej" title="Lista terminów i skrótów w nomenklaturze biologicznej">Lista terminów i skrótów w nomenklaturze biologicznej</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Przypisy">Przypisy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Incertae_sedis&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Edytuj sekcję: Przypisy" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edytuj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Incertae_sedis&action=edit&section=4" title="Edytuj kod źródłowy sekcji: Przypisy"><span>edytuj kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="do-not-make-smaller refsection"><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:0-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-1">b</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.iczn.org/the-code/the-code-online/?booksection=glossary&nfv=true"><i>The Code Online | International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature</i></a> [online], www.iczn.org<span class="accessdate"> [dostęp 2023-09-16]</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft.gengre=book&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.btitle=The+Code+Online+%7C+International+Commission+on+Zoological+Nomenclature&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.iczn.org%2Fthe-code%2Fthe-code-online%2F%3Fbooksection%3Dglossary%26nfv%3Dtrue" style="display:none"> </span>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book nourl"><span class="cite-name-before"><span class="cite-name-full">Irena</span><span class="cite-name-initials" title="Irena" style="display:none">I.</span> </span><span class="cite-lastname">Kazik-Zawadzka</span><span class="cite-name-after" style="display:none"> <span class="cite-name-full">Irena</span><span class="cite-name-initials" title="Irena">I.</span></span>, <span class="cite-name-before"><span class="cite-name-full">Marian</span><span class="cite-name-initials" title="Marian" style="display:none">M.</span> </span><span class="cite-lastname">Plezia</span><span class="cite-name-after" style="display:none"> <span class="cite-name-full">Marian</span><span class="cite-name-initials" title="Marian">M.</span></span> (red.), <i>Słownik łacińsko-polski.</i>, Wyd. 2 reprint, Warszawa: Wydaw. Naukowe PWN, 1998, <a href="/wiki/Specjalna:Ksi%C4%85%C5%BCki/9788301126001" title="Specjalna:Książki/9788301126001">ISBN <span class="isbn">978-83-01-12600-1</span></a><span class="accessdate"> [dostęp 2023-09-16]</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft.gengre=book&rft.isbn=978-83-01-12600-1&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.btitle=S%C5%82ownik+%C5%82aci%C5%84sko-polski.&rft.place=Warszawa&rft.pub=Wydaw.+Naukowe+PWN&rft.date=1998&rft.edition=Wyd.+2+reprint" style="display:none"> </span> <span class="lang-list">(<abbr title="Treść w języku łacińskim (Latina)">łac.</abbr> • <abbr title="Treść w języku polskim">pol.</abbr>)</span>.</cite><span class="problemy" aria-hidden="true" data-nosnippet=""> Brak numerów stron w książce</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal open-access doi pmid pmc"><span class="cite-name-before"><span class="cite-name-full">Yan</span><span class="cite-name-initials" title="Yan" style="display:none">Y.</span> </span><span class="cite-lastname">Liang</span><span class="cite-name-after" style="display:none"> <span class="cite-name-full">Yan</span><span class="cite-name-initials" title="Yan">Y.</span></span><span class="cite-at-al" title="Yan Liang, Joseph Bernardo, Daniel Goldman, Jaak Nõlvak, Peng Tang, Wenhui Wang, Olle Hints"> i inni</span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rspb.2019.1270"><i>Morphological variation suggests that chitinozoans may be fossils of individual microorganisms rather than metazoan eggs</i></a>, „Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences”, 286 (1908), <span title="14 sierpnia 2019">2019</span>, s. 20191270, <a href="/wiki/DOI_(identyfikator_cyfrowy)" title="DOI (identyfikator cyfrowy)">DOI</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1098%2Frspb.2019.1270">10.1098/rspb.2019.1270</a><span class="issn">, <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/0962-8452">0962-8452</a></span>, <a href="/wiki/PMID" title="PMID">PMID</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31362642">31362642</a>, <a href="/wiki/PMCID" title="PMCID">PMCID</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6710598/">PMC6710598</a><span class="accessdate"> [dostęp 2023-09-16]</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft.gengre=article&rft.atitle=Morphological+variation+suggests+that+chitinozoans+may+be+fossils+of+individual+microorganisms+rather+than+metazoan+eggs&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.date=2019-08-14&rft.issn=0962-8452&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Royal+Society+B%3A+Biological+Sciences&rft.volume=286&rft.edition=1908&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F31362642&rft_id=info%3Apmc%2F6710598&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1098%2Frspb.2019.1270&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Froyalsocietypublishing.org%2Fdoi%2F10.1098%2Frspb.2019.1270" style="display:none"> </span> <span class="lang-list">(<abbr title="Treść w języku angielskim (English)">ang.</abbr>)</span>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal doi"><span class="cite-name-before"><span class="cite-name-full">Sarah E.</span><span class="cite-name-initials" title="Sarah E." style="display:none">S.E.</span> </span><span class="cite-lastname">Gabbott</span><span class="cite-name-after" style="display:none"> <span class="cite-name-full">Sarah E.</span><span class="cite-name-initials" title="Sarah E.">S.E.</span></span>, <span class="cite-name-before"><span class="cite-name-full">Richard J.</span><span class="cite-name-initials" title="Richard J." style="display:none">R.J.</span> </span><span class="cite-lastname">Aldridge</span><span class="cite-name-after" style="display:none"> <span class="cite-name-full">Richard J.</span><span class="cite-name-initials" title="Richard J.">R.J.</span></span>, <span class="cite-name-before"><span class="cite-name-full">Johannes N.</span><span class="cite-name-initials" title="Johannes N." style="display:none">J.N.</span> </span><span class="cite-lastname">Theron</span><span class="cite-name-after" style="display:none"> <span class="cite-name-full">Johannes N.</span><span class="cite-name-initials" title="Johannes N.">J.N.</span></span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lyellcollection.org/doi/10.1144/gsjgs.155.3.0447"><i>Chitinozoan chains and cocoons from the Upper Ordovician Soom Shale lagerstätte, South Africa: implications for affinity</i></a>, „Journal of the Geological Society”, 155 (3), <span title="maj 1998">1998</span>, s. 447–452, <a href="/wiki/DOI_(identyfikator_cyfrowy)" title="DOI (identyfikator cyfrowy)">DOI</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1144%2Fgsjgs.155.3.0447">10.1144/gsjgs.155.3.0447</a><span class="issn">, <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/0016-7649">0016-7649</a></span><span class="accessdate"> [dostęp 2023-09-16]</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft.gengre=article&rft.atitle=Chitinozoan+chains+and+cocoons+from+the+Upper+Ordovician+Soom+Shale+lagerst%C3%A4tte%2C+South+Africa%3A+implications+for+affinity&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.date=1998-05&rft.issn=0016-7649&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Geological+Society&rft.volume=155&rft.edition=3&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1144%2Fgsjgs.155.3.0447&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lyellcollection.org%2Fdoi%2F10.1144%2Fgsjgs.155.3.0447" style="display:none"> </span> <span class="lang-list">(<abbr title="Treść w języku angielskim (English)">ang.</abbr>)</span>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.marinespecies.org/foraminifera/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=1567445"><i>Foraminifera - The World Foraminifera Database - Apertomeandrinidae Plotnikova, 1991 †</i></a> [online], www.marinespecies.org<span class="accessdate"> [dostęp 2023-09-16]</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft.gengre=book&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.btitle=Foraminifera+-+The+World+Foraminifera+Database+-+Apertomeandrinidae+Plotnikova%2C+1991%26nbsp%3B%26%238224%3B&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.marinespecies.org%2Fforaminifera%2Faphia.php%3Fp%3Dtaxdetails%26id%3D1567445" style="display:none"> </span>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book nourl"><span class="cite-name-before"><span class="cite-name-full">Antoni</span><span class="cite-name-initials" title="Antoni" style="display:none">A.</span> </span><span class="cite-lastname">Hoffman</span><span class="cite-name-after" style="display:none"> <span class="cite-name-full">Antoni</span><span class="cite-name-initials" title="Antoni">A.</span></span> (red.), <i>Problematic fossil taxa</i>, Oxford monographs on geology and geophysics, New York, NY: Oxford Univ. Press [u.a.], 1986, <a href="/wiki/Specjalna:Ksi%C4%85%C5%BCki/9780195039924" title="Specjalna:Książki/9780195039924">ISBN <span class="isbn">978-0-19-503992-4</span></a><span class="accessdate"> [dostęp 2023-09-16]</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft.gengre=book&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.btitle=Problematic+fossil+taxa&rft.isbn=978-0-19-503992-4&rft.place=New+York%2C+NY&rft.pub=Oxford+Univ.+Press+%5Bu.a.%5D&rft.date=1986" style="display:none"> </span>.</cite><span class="problemy" aria-hidden="true" data-nosnippet=""> Brak numerów stron w książce</span></span> </li> </ol></div></div></div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Źródło: „<a dir="ltr" href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Incertae_sedis&oldid=71282405">https://pl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Incertae_sedis&oldid=71282405</a>”</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Specjalna:Kategorie" title="Specjalna:Kategorie">Kategorie</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategoria:Taksonomia" title="Kategoria:Taksonomia">Taksonomia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategoria:Zwroty_%C5%82aci%C5%84skie" title="Kategoria:Zwroty łacińskie">Zwroty łacińskie</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategoria:Nomenklatura_biologiczna" title="Kategoria:Nomenklatura biologiczna">Nomenklatura biologiczna</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Ukryte kategorie: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategoria:Uniwersalny_szablon_cytowania_%E2%80%93_brak_strony" title="Kategoria:Uniwersalny szablon cytowania – brak strony">Uniwersalny szablon cytowania – brak strony</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategoria:Szablon_cytowania_u%C5%BCywa_p%C3%B3l_opisowych" title="Kategoria:Szablon cytowania używa pól opisowych">Szablon cytowania używa pól opisowych</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategoria:Artyku%C5%82y_z_propozycjami_t%C5%82umacze%C5%84" title="Kategoria:Artykuły z propozycjami tłumaczeń">Artykuły z propozycjami tłumaczeń</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Tę stronę ostatnio edytowano 17 wrz 2023, 09:51.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Tekst udostępniany na licencji <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.pl">Creative Commons: uznanie autorstwa, na tych samych warunkach</a>, z możliwością obowiązywania dodatkowych ograniczeń. 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