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<!DOCTYPE html> <html > <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/open_search.xml" title="Academia.edu"> <meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" name="viewport"> <meta name="google-site-verification" content="bKJMBZA7E43xhDOopFZkssMMkBRjvYERV-NaN4R6mrs"> <meta name="csrf-param" content="authenticity_token" /> <meta name="csrf-token" content="qiHQffNeDVMuxtx/xNML8Hl/Qb3wghRmDPuhlX4PTxj2JoL+171KfEg3jHmxt5T0p04ABvBghM+LFyOrS5AYFA==" /> <meta name="citation_title" content="A new fractal index to classify forest disturbance and anthropogenic change" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Ion Andronache" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary" /> <meta name="twitter:url" content="https://www.academia.edu/110287652/A_new_fractal_index_to_classify_forest_disturbance_and_anthropogenic_change" /> <meta name="twitter:title" content="A new fractal index to classify forest disturbance and anthropogenic change" /> <meta name="twitter:description" content="ContextDeforestation remains one of the most pressing threats to biodiversity. Characterizing the resulting forest loss and fragmentation efficiently from remotely sensed data therefore has strong practical implications. Data are often separately" /> <meta name="twitter:image" content="https://0.academia-photos.com/1960190/654631/17485915/s200_ion.andronache.jpg" /> <meta property="fb:app_id" content="2369844204" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.academia.edu/110287652/A_new_fractal_index_to_classify_forest_disturbance_and_anthropogenic_change" /> <meta property="og:title" content="A new fractal index to classify forest disturbance and anthropogenic change" /> <meta property="og:image" content="http://a.academia-assets.com/images/open-graph-icons/fb-paper.gif" /> <meta property="og:description" content="ContextDeforestation remains one of the most pressing threats to biodiversity. Characterizing the resulting forest loss and fragmentation efficiently from remotely sensed data therefore has strong practical implications. Data are often separately" /> <meta property="article:author" content="https://unibuc.academia.edu/IonAndronache" /> <meta name="description" content="ContextDeforestation remains one of the most pressing threats to biodiversity. Characterizing the resulting forest loss and fragmentation efficiently from remotely sensed data therefore has strong practical implications. Data are often separately" /> <title>(PDF) A new fractal index to classify forest disturbance and anthropogenic change | Ion Andronache - Academia.edu</title> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.academia.edu/110287652/A_new_fractal_index_to_classify_forest_disturbance_and_anthropogenic_change" /> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-5VKX33P2DS"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-5VKX33P2DS', { cookie_domain: 'academia.edu', send_page_view: false, }); gtag('event', 'page_view', { 'controller': "single_work", 'action': "show", 'controller_action': 'single_work#show', 'logged_in': 'false', 'edge': 'unknown', // Send nil if there is no A/B test bucket, in case some records get logged // with missing data - that way we can distinguish between the two cases. // ab_test_bucket should be of the form <ab_test_name>:<bucket> 'ab_test_bucket': null, }) </script> <script> var $controller_name = 'single_work'; var $action_name = "show"; var $rails_env = 'production'; var $app_rev = '49879c2402910372f4abc62630a427bbe033d190'; var $domain = 'academia.edu'; var $app_host = "academia.edu"; var $asset_host = "academia-assets.com"; var $start_time = new Date().getTime(); var $recaptcha_key = "6LdxlRMTAAAAADnu_zyLhLg0YF9uACwz78shpjJB"; var $recaptcha_invisible_key = "6Lf3KHUUAAAAACggoMpmGJdQDtiyrjVlvGJ6BbAj"; var $disableClientRecordHit = false; </script> <script> window.require = { config: function() { return function() {} } } </script> <script> window.Aedu = window.Aedu || {}; window.Aedu.hit_data = null; window.Aedu.serverRenderTime = new Date(1732359162000); window.Aedu.timeDifference = new Date().getTime() - 1732359162000; </script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"ScholarlyArticle","abstract":"ContextDeforestation remains one of the most pressing threats to biodiversity. Characterizing the resulting forest loss and fragmentation efficiently from remotely sensed data therefore has strong practical implications. Data are often separately analyzed for spatial fragmentation and disorder, but no existing metric simultaneously quantifies the shapes and arrangement of fragments. ObjectivesWe present a Fractal Fragmentation and Disorder Index (FFDI), which advances a previously developed fractal index by merging it with the Rényi information dimension. The FFDI is designed to work across spatial scales, and efficiently reports the fragmentation of images and spatial disorder of those fragments. MethodsWe validate the FFDI with four sets of synthetic Hierarchically Structured Random Map (HRM) multiscale images, characterized by increasing fragmentation and disorder but decreasing average size over multiple scales. We then apply the FFDI to the Global Land Analysis \u0026amp;amp; Discovery Glob...","author":[{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Person","name":"Ion Andronache"}],"contributor":[],"dateCreated":"2023-12-01","dateModified":"2023-12-01","datePublished":null,"headline":"A new fractal index to classify forest disturbance and anthropogenic change","inLanguage":"en","keywords":["Land Cover","Fractal","Root-Mean Square Error","Fractal Dimension","Root mean square error"],"locationCreated":null,"publication":null,"publisher":{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Organization","name":"Research Square Platform LLC"},"image":null,"thumbnailUrl":null,"url":"https://www.academia.edu/110287652/A_new_fractal_index_to_classify_forest_disturbance_and_anthropogenic_change","sourceOrganization":[{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"EducationalOrganization","name":"unibuc"}]}</script><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" 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"https://www.academia.edu/login?post_login_redirect_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F110287652%2FA_new_fractal_index_to_classify_forest_disturbance_and_anthropogenic_change%3Fauto%3Ddownload"; window.loswp.translateUrl = "https://www.academia.edu/login?post_login_redirect_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F110287652%2FA_new_fractal_index_to_classify_forest_disturbance_and_anthropogenic_change%3Fshow_translation%3Dtrue"; window.loswp.previewableAttachments = [{"id":108151486,"identifier":"Attachment_108151486","shouldShowBulkDownload":false}]; window.loswp.shouldDetectTimezone = true; window.loswp.shouldShowBulkDownload = true; window.loswp.showSignupCaptcha = false window.loswp.willEdgeCache = false; window.loswp.work = {"work":{"id":110287652,"created_at":"2023-12-01T04:47:54.284-08:00","from_world_paper_id":244496790,"updated_at":"2024-09-18T06:34:03.758-07:00","_data":{"abstract":"ContextDeforestation remains one of the most pressing threats to biodiversity. Characterizing the resulting forest loss and fragmentation efficiently from remotely sensed data therefore has strong practical implications. Data are often separately analyzed for spatial fragmentation and disorder, but no existing metric simultaneously quantifies the shapes and arrangement of fragments. ObjectivesWe present a Fractal Fragmentation and Disorder Index (FFDI), which advances a previously developed fractal index by merging it with the Rényi information dimension. The FFDI is designed to work across spatial scales, and efficiently reports the fragmentation of images and spatial disorder of those fragments. MethodsWe validate the FFDI with four sets of synthetic Hierarchically Structured Random Map (HRM) multiscale images, characterized by increasing fragmentation and disorder but decreasing average size over multiple scales. We then apply the FFDI to the Global Land Analysis \u0026 Discovery Glob...","publisher":"Research Square Platform LLC"},"document_type":"paper","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"A new fractal index to classify forest disturbance and anthropogenic change","broadcastable":true,"draft":null,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [1960190]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "full_page_mobile_sutd_modal"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loswp.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon';</script><script defer="" src="https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client"></script><div class="ds-loswp-container"><div class="ds-work-card--grid-container"><div class="ds-work-card--container js-loswp-work-card"><div class="ds-work-card--cover"><div class="ds-work-cover--wrapper"><div class="ds-work-cover--container"><button class="ds-work-cover--clickable js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"swp-splash-paper-cover","attachmentId":108151486,"attachmentType":"pdf"}"><img alt="First page of “A new fractal index to classify forest disturbance and anthropogenic change”" class="ds-work-cover--cover-thumbnail" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/108151486/mini_magick20231201-1-hlxcxj.png?1701434972" /><img alt="PDF Icon" class="ds-work-cover--file-icon" src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/single_work_splash/adobe.icon-574afd46eb6b03a77a153a647fb47e30546f9215c0ee6a25df597a779717f9ef.svg" /><div class="ds-work-cover--hover-container"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span><p>Download Free PDF</p></div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-container">Download Free PDF</div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-triangle"></div></button></div></div></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-information"><h1 class="ds-work-card--work-title">A new fractal index to classify forest disturbance and anthropogenic change</h1><div class="ds-work-card--work-authors ds-work-card--detail"><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="1960190" href="https://unibuc.academia.edu/IonAndronache"><img alt="Profile image of Ion Andronache" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/1960190/654631/17485915/s65_ion.andronache.jpg" />Ion Andronache</a></div><p class="ds-work-card--work-abstract ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-md">ContextDeforestation remains one of the most pressing threats to biodiversity. Characterizing the resulting forest loss and fragmentation efficiently from remotely sensed data therefore has strong practical implications. Data are often separately analyzed for spatial fragmentation and disorder, but no existing metric simultaneously quantifies the shapes and arrangement of fragments. ObjectivesWe present a Fractal Fragmentation and Disorder Index (FFDI), which advances a previously developed fractal index by merging it with the Rényi information dimension. The FFDI is designed to work across spatial scales, and efficiently reports the fragmentation of images and spatial disorder of those fragments. MethodsWe validate the FFDI with four sets of synthetic Hierarchically Structured Random Map (HRM) multiscale images, characterized by increasing fragmentation and disorder but decreasing average size over multiple scales. We then apply the FFDI to the Global Land Analysis & Discovery Glob...</p><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--work-card","attachmentId":108151486,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/110287652/A_new_fractal_index_to_classify_forest_disturbance_and_anthropogenic_change"}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--work-card","attachmentId":108151486,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/110287652/A_new_fractal_index_to_classify_forest_disturbance_and_anthropogenic_change"}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div></div><div data-auto_select="false" data-client_id="331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b" data-doc_id="108151486" data-landing_url="https://www.academia.edu/110287652/A_new_fractal_index_to_classify_forest_disturbance_and_anthropogenic_change" data-login_uri="https://www.academia.edu/registrations/google_one_tap" data-moment_callback="onGoogleOneTapEvent" id="g_id_onload"></div><div class="ds-top-related-works--grid-container"><div class="ds-related-content--container ds-top-related-works--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="100468460" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/100468460/A_new_fractal_index_to_classify_forest_fragmentation_and_disorder">A new fractal index to classify forest fragmentation and disorder</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="1960190" href="https://unibuc.academia.edu/IonAndronache">Ion Andronache</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Landscape Ecology</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Context Forest loss and fragmentation pose extreme threats to biodiversity. Their efficient characterization from remotely sensed data therefore has strong practical implications. Data are often separately analyzed for spatial fragmentation and disorder, but no existing metric simultaneously quantifies both the shape and arrangement of fragments. Objectives We present a fractal fragmentation and disorder index (FFDI), which advances a previously developed fractal index by merging it with the Rényi information dimension. The FFDI is designed to work across spatial scales, and to efficiently report both the fragmentation of images and their spatial disorder. Methods We validate the FFDI with 12,600 synthetic hierarchically structured random map (HRM) multiscale images, as well as several other categories of fractal and non-fractal test images (4880 images). We then apply the FFDI to satellite imagery of forest cover for 10 distinct regions of the Romanian Carpathian Mountains from 200...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"A new fractal index to classify forest fragmentation and disorder","attachmentId":101284545,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/100468460/A_new_fractal_index_to_classify_forest_fragmentation_and_disorder","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/100468460/A_new_fractal_index_to_classify_forest_fragmentation_and_disorder"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span 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href="https://www.academia.edu/51859885/Application_of_Fractal_and_Gray_Level_Co_Occurrence_Matrix_Indices_to_Assess_the_Forest_Dynamics_in_the_Curvature_Carpathians_Romania">Application of Fractal and Gray-Level Co-Occurrence Matrix Indices to Assess the Forest Dynamics in the Curvature Carpathians—Romania</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="34344862" href="https://anaivkovic.academia.edu/MarkoRadulovic">Marko Radulovic</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Sustainability</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The mountain ecosystems face significant damage from deforestation and environmental forest changes. 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Bergeron</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Landscape Ecology, 1994</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Fractal dimension estimates of a fragmented landscape: sources of variability","attachmentId":66755131,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/47837760/Fractal_dimension_estimates_of_a_fragmented_landscape_sources_of_variability","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/47837760/Fractal_dimension_estimates_of_a_fragmented_landscape_sources_of_variability"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="123234639" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/123234639/Evaluation_of_forest_loss_data_using_fractal_algorithms_case_study_Eastern_Carpathians_Romania">Evaluation of forest loss data using fractal algorithms: case study Eastern Carpathians–Romania</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="46057107" href="https://independent.academia.edu/TitusBazac">Titus Bazac</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Frontiers in forests and global change, 2024</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Logging causes the fragmentation of areas with direct implications for hydrological processes, landslides, or habitats. The assessment of this fragmentation process plays an important role in the planning of future logging, reconstruction, and protection measures for the whole ecosystem. The methodology used includes imaging techniques applying two fractal indices: the Fractal Fragmentation Index (FFI) and the Fractal Fragmentation and Disorder Index (FFDI). The results showed the annual evolution and disposition of deforested areas. Only 3% of deforestation resulted in the fragmentation and splitting of forest plots. The remaining 97% resulted in the reduction of existing compact stands without fragmentation. The method has many advantages in quantifying the spatial evolution of forests, estimating the capture of carbon emissions and establishing sustainability of bird and animal habitats. The analysis took place in the Eastern Carpathians, in Romania, in the time period of 2001-2022</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Evaluation of forest loss data using fractal algorithms: case study Eastern Carpathians–Romania","attachmentId":117745724,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/123234639/Evaluation_of_forest_loss_data_using_fractal_algorithms_case_study_Eastern_Carpathians_Romania","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/123234639/Evaluation_of_forest_loss_data_using_fractal_algorithms_case_study_Eastern_Carpathians_Romania"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="1132827" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/1132827/Korcak_dimension_as_a_novel_indicator_of_landscape_fragmentation_and_re_forestation">Korcak dimension as a novel indicator of landscape fragmentation and re-forestation</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="679165" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MarkusNeteler">Markus Neteler</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2010</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">In spatial ecology, habitat fragmentation is an important problem since its increase may create habitat remnants threatening species survival. There are several descriptors to characterize the processes leading to fragmentation. Some of them are model-dependent, while others suffer from the combined error of the perimeter and area measurements of the fragmented patches. In this article – using a theoretical model and a worked example – we would like to show that the Korcak-plot (and the corresponding fractal dimension, the Korcak-dimension) is not only a proper way to describe patchiness, but also applicable to detect secondary processes, like re-forestation, following the primary fragmentation.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Korcak dimension as a novel indicator of landscape fragmentation and re-forestation","attachmentId":51090692,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/1132827/Korcak_dimension_as_a_novel_indicator_of_landscape_fragmentation_and_re_forestation","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/1132827/Korcak_dimension_as_a_novel_indicator_of_landscape_fragmentation_and_re_forestation"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="40204140" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/40204140/Dynamics_of_forest_fragmentation_and_connectivity_Using_particle_and_fractal_Analysis">Dynamics of forest fragmentation and connectivity Using particle and fractal Analysis</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="1960190" href="https://unibuc.academia.edu/IonAndronache">Ion Andronache</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Scientific Reports, 2019</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">the ever decreasing area of forests has lead to environmental and economical challenges and has brought with it a renewed interest in developing methodologies that quantify the extent of deforestation and reforestation. in this study we analyzed the deforested areas of the Apuseni Mountains, which has been under economic pressure in recent years and resulted in widespread deforestation as a means of income. Deforested surface dynamics modeling was based on images contained in the Global forest Database, provided by the Department of Geographical Sciences at Maryland University between 2000 and 2014. The results of the image particle analysis and modelling were based on total Area (ha), count of patches and Average Size whereas deforested area distribution was based on the Local connected fractal Dimension, fractal fragmentation index and tug-of-War Lacunarity as indicators of forest fragmentation or heterogeneity. The major findings of the study indicated a reduction of the tree cover area by 3.8%, an increase in fragmentation of 17.7% and an increase in heterogeneity by 29%, while fractal connectivity decreased only by 0.1%. The fractal and particle analysis showed a clustering of forest loss areas with an average increase from 1.1 to 3.0 ha per loss site per year. in conclusion, the fractal and particle analysis provide a relevant methodological framework to further our understanding of the spatial effects of economic pressure on forestry. In view of its effect on climate, deforestation is athe threatening challenge for contemporary society. The major factors leading to the decline of forested areas include an expansion of agricultural land 1-4 , human settlements 5 , timber demand 6 , mining exploitations and population growth 7 leading to environmental and economic challenges in the long term. Therefore the aim of the local or regional authorities is to reduce deforestation and to regenerate the existing forests wherever possible due to their importance in supporting the biotic system, regional and global climate change, the preservation of atmospheric oxygen and carbon, conservation of biodiversity and benefits to local communities 6,8-12. Forest fragmentation is a major result of deforestation 13,14. It leads to habitat modification 15 , and subdivision of plant and animal populations. Thus, changes in species interactions occur 13,14 , leading to further tree mortality</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Dynamics of forest fragmentation and connectivity Using particle and fractal Analysis","attachmentId":60430152,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/40204140/Dynamics_of_forest_fragmentation_and_connectivity_Using_particle_and_fractal_Analysis","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/40204140/Dynamics_of_forest_fragmentation_and_connectivity_Using_particle_and_fractal_Analysis"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="56518963" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/56518963/Use_of_Fractal_Analysis_in_the_Evaluation_of_Deforested_Areas_in_Romania">Use of Fractal Analysis in the Evaluation of Deforested Areas in Romania</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="142934807" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MarianMarin23">Marian Marin</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Advances in Forest Management under Global Change [Working Title]</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Use of Fractal Analysis in the Evaluation of Deforested Areas in Romania","attachmentId":71866177,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/56518963/Use_of_Fractal_Analysis_in_the_Evaluation_of_Deforested_Areas_in_Romania","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/56518963/Use_of_Fractal_Analysis_in_the_Evaluation_of_Deforested_Areas_in_Romania"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--wrapper js-loswp-sticky-ctas hidden"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--grid-container"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":108151486,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":108151486,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div><div class="ds-below-fold--grid-container"><div class="ds-work--container js-loswp-embedded-document"><div class="attachment_preview" data-attachment="Attachment_108151486" style="display: none"><div class="js-scribd-document-container"><div class="scribd--document-loading js-scribd-document-loader" style="display: block;"><img alt="Loading..." src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/loaders/paper-load.gif" /><p>Loading Preview</p></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="scribd--no-preview-alert js-preview-unavailable"><p>Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. 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href="https://independent.academia.edu/Andr%C3%A9sTabares3">Andrés Tabares</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Entropy, 2021</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Local Fractal Connections to Characterize the Spatial Processes of Deforestation in the Ecuadorian Amazon","attachmentId":100636082,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/99587215/Local_Fractal_Connections_to_Characterize_the_Spatial_Processes_of_Deforestation_in_the_Ecuadorian_Amazon","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" 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No.03CH37477), 2003</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Fractal dimension of multiscale and multisource remote sensing data for characterising spatial complexity of urban landscapes","attachmentId":75612130,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/63058568/Fractal_dimension_of_multiscale_and_multisource_remote_sensing_data_for_characterising_spatial_complexity_of_urban_landscapes","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" 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ds2-5-body-xs">2017</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Fractal Statistical Structure of Global Forest Cover","attachmentId":77986055,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/67000962/Fractal_Statistical_Structure_of_Global_Forest_Cover","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/67000962/Fractal_Statistical_Structure_of_Global_Forest_Cover"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container 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