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Escalas curta e longa – Wikipédia, a enciclopédia livre

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class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Escalas curta e longa</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ir para um artigo noutra língua. Disponível em 33 línguas" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-33" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">33 línguas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kort_en_lang_skaalverdeling" title="Kort en lang skaalverdeling — africanês" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Kort en lang skaalverdeling" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="africanês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escales_numb%C3%A9riques_llarga_y_curtia" title="Escales numbériques llarga y curtia — asturiano" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Escales numbériques llarga y curtia" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duga_i_kratka_skala" title="Duga i kratka skala — bósnio" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Duga i kratka skala" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bósnio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escales_curta_i_llarga" title="Escales curta i llarga — catalão" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Escales curta i llarga" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalão" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kr%C3%A1tk%C3%A1_a_dlouh%C3%A1_%C5%A1k%C3%A1la" title="Krátká a dlouhá škála — checo" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Krátká a dlouhá škála" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="checo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Den_lange_og_den_korte_skala_for_store_tal" title="Den lange og den korte skala for store tal — dinamarquês" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Den lange og den korte skala for store tal" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dinamarquês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lange_und_kurze_Skala" title="Lange und kurze Skala — alemão" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Lange und kurze Skala" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemão" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="artigo bom"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Long_and_short_scales" title="Long and short scales — inglês" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Long and short scales" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vortoj_por_grandegaj_nombroj" title="Vortoj por grandegaj nombroj — esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Vortoj por grandegaj nombroj" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escalas_num%C3%A9ricas_larga_y_corta" title="Escalas numéricas larga y corta — espanhol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Escalas numéricas larga y corta" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espanhol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%82%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3%E2%80%8C%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%A8%D8%B2%D8%B1%DA%AF_%D9%88_%DA%A9%D9%88%DA%86%DA%A9_(%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%85_%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%DA%AF%D8%B0%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AF_%D8%A8%D8%B2%D8%B1%DA%AF)" title="مقیاس‌های بزرگ و کوچک (سیستم نامگذاری اعداد بزرگ) — persa" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مقیاس‌های بزرگ و کوچک (سیستم نامگذاری اعداد بزرگ)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Langi_og_stutti_talstigin_fyri_st%C3%B3r_t%C3%B8l" title="Langi og stutti talstigin fyri stór tøl — feroês" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Langi og stutti talstigin fyri stór tøl" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="feroês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89chelles_longue_et_courte" title="Échelles longue et courte — francês" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Échelles longue et courte" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%B6vid_%C3%A9s_hossz%C3%BA_sk%C3%A1la" title="Rövid és hosszú skála — húngaro" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Rövid és hosszú skála" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="húngaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B9%D5%BE%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%AB_%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%BE%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%B0%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A3%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Թվերի անվանման համակարգեր — arménio" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Թվերի անվանման համակարգեր" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skala_panjang_dan_skala_pendek" title="Skala panjang dan skala pendek — indonésio" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Skala panjang dan skala pendek" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonésio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scala_lunga_e_scala_corta" title="Scala lunga e scala corta — italiano" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Scala lunga e scala corta" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E6%B4%8B%E3%81%AE%E5%91%BD%E6%95%B0%E6%B3%95" title="西洋の命数法 — japonês" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="西洋の命数法" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scalae_longae_et_breves" title="Scalae longae et breves — latim" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Scalae longae et breves" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latim" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scalas_corta_e_longa" title="Scalas corta e longa — Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Scalas corta e longa" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trumpoji_ir_ilgoji_skal%C4%97s" title="Trumpoji ir ilgoji skalės — lituano" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Trumpoji ir ilgoji skalės" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%BE%D1%82_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC-%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Шот радам-влак — Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Шот радам-влак" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skala_panjang_dan_pendek" title="Skala panjang dan pendek — malaio" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Skala panjang dan pendek" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malaio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escalas_curta_e_longa" title="Escalas curta e longa — mirandês" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Escalas curta e longa" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="mirandês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korte_en_lange_schaal" title="Korte en lange schaal — neerlandês" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Korte en lange schaal" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Den_korte_og_den_lange_skalaen_for_store_tall" title="Den korte og den lange skalaen for store tall — norueguês bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Den korte og den lange skalaen for store tall" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norueguês bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%8B_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D1%87%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Системы наименования чисел — russo" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Системы наименования чисел" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Long_and_short_scales" title="Long and short scales — Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Long and short scales" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A5nga_och_korta_skalan_f%C3%B6r_stora_tal" title="Långa och korta skalan för stora tal — sueco" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Långa och korta skalan för stora tal" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="sueco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uzun_ve_k%C4%B1sa_%C3%B6l%C3%A7ekler" title="Uzun ve kısa ölçekler — turco" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Uzun ve kısa ölçekler" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D1%87%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Системи найменувань чисел — ucraniano" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Системи найменувань чисел" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraniano" 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style="color:#655900;font-weight:bold;">(Redirecionado de <u><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bilh%C3%B5es&amp;redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Bilhões">Bilhões</a></u>)</span></span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="pt" dir="ltr"><p>As <b>escalas curta e longa</b> são dois de vários <a href="/wiki/Sistema_de_numera%C3%A7%C3%A3o" title="Sistema de numeração">sistemas</a> usados em todo o mundo para nomenclatura de números grandes. A escala longa é usada em todos os <a href="/wiki/Comunidade_dos_Pa%C3%ADses_de_L%C3%ADngua_Portuguesa" title="Comunidade dos Países de Língua Portuguesa">países do mundo de língua portuguesa</a> exceto o Brasil<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span>[</span>nota 1<span>]</span></a></sup> e na maioria dos países da <a href="/wiki/Europa_continental" title="Europa continental">Europa continental</a> e da <a href="/wiki/Am%C3%A9rica_Latina" title="América Latina">América Latina</a>. A escala curta é usada no <a href="/wiki/Brasil" title="Brasil">Brasil</a> e na maioria dos países de <a href="/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_inglesa" title="Língua inglesa">língua inglesa</a> e <a href="/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_%C3%A1rabe" title="Língua árabe">árabe</a>. Em todos estes países, embora as denominações sejam quase sempre traduzidas para a língua local, os termos são muito semelhantes <a href="/wiki/Etimologicamente" class="mw-redirect" title="Etimologicamente">etimologicamente</a>. Algumas línguas, sobretudo na <a href="/wiki/%C3%81sia_Oriental" title="Ásia Oriental">Ásia Oriental</a> e <a href="/wiki/%C3%81sia_Meridional" title="Ásia Meridional">Meridional</a>, têm sistemas de nomenclatura de números grandes diferentes das escalas longa e curta.<sup id="cite_ref-Guitel1_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guitel1-3"><span>[</span>2<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Guitel2_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guitel2-4"><span>[</span>3<span>]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dd>A <b>escala longa</b> corresponde a um sistema de nomenclatura de números superiores a um <a href="/wiki/Milh%C3%A3o" title="Milhão">milhão</a> em que cada novo termo é 1&#160;000&#160;000 de vezes maior que o termo anterior. Por exemplo, um <i><a href="/wiki/1000000000000" class="mw-redirect" title="1000000000000">bilião</a></i> é equivalente a <i>um milhão de milhões</i> (10<sup>12</sup>); um <i>trilião</i> é equivalente a um milhão de biliões (10<sup>18</sup>), e assim por diante.<sup id="cite_ref-Guitel1_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guitel1-3"><span>[</span>2<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Guitel2_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guitel2-4"><span>[</span>3<span>]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> <dl><dd>A <b>escala curta</b> corresponde a um sistema de nomenclatura de números superiores a um milhão em que cada novo termo é 1&#160;000 vezes maior que o termo anterior. Por exemplo, <i><a href="/wiki/1000000000000" class="mw-redirect" title="1000000000000">bilião</a></i> ou <i>bilhão</i> é equivalente a <i>mil milhões</i> (10<sup>9</sup>), um <i>trilião</i> ou <i>trilhão</i> é equivalente a <i>mil biliões</i> (10<sup>12</sup>) e assim em diante.<sup id="cite_ref-Guitel1_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guitel1-3"><span>[</span>2<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Guitel2_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guitel2-4"><span>[</span>3<span>]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> <p>Para números naturais inferiores a mil milhões (&lt; 10<sup>9</sup>), as escalas são idênticas. Para números iguais ou superiores a um milhar de milhões (≥ 10<sup>9</sup>), as duas escalas divergem ao usar as mesmas palavras para diferentes valores. Esta semelhança é frequentemente origem de vários equívocos. </p><p>Os termos <i>escala curta</i> e <i>escala longa</i> foram introduzidos em 1975 pela matemática francesa <a href="/wiki/Genevi%C3%A8ve_Guitel" title="Geneviève Guitel">Geneviève Guitel</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Guitel1_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guitel1-3"><span>[</span>2<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Guitel2_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guitel2-4"><span>[</span>3<span>]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Comparação"><span id="Compara.C3.A7.C3.A3o"></span>Comparação</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Escalas_curta_e_longa&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=1" title="Editar secção: Comparação" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Escalas_curta_e_longa&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Comparação"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Em números iguais ou superiores a um milhar de milhões (≥ 10<sup>9</sup>), o mesmo valor numérico tem dois nomes diferentes, conforme está expresso na escala longa ou na escala curta. Da mesma forma, ao mesmo nome podem corresponder dois valores numéricos diferentes conforme está a ser usado nas escala curta ou longa. </p><p>Cada escala tem uma explicação lógica para atribuir o uso de diferentes denominações numéricas e valores dentro dessa escala. A lógica da escala curta tem por base as potências de mil, enquanto que a escala longa tem por base as potências de um milhão. Em ambas as escalas, o prefixo <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bi-&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Bi- (página não existe)">bi-</a> corresponde a "2", <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tri-&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Tri- (página não existe)">tri-</a> a "3" , etc. No entanto, só na escala longa é que os prefixos para além do milhão correspondem ao <a href="/wiki/Exponencia%C3%A7%C3%A3o" title="Exponenciação">expoente</a> real (de 1&#160;000&#160;000). </p><p>A escala longa utiliza a regra N, ou seja: 10<sup>6N</sup> = N-ilião, enquanto que a escala curta utiliza a regra n-1, ou seja: 10<sup>3n</sup> = (n-1)-ilião.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span>[</span>4<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Os prefixos usados nos nomes dos grandes números correspondem à designação latina, desta forma obtém-se o nome: n-ilião, substituindo n pelo nome em latim do número correspondente à potência.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span>[</span>5<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span>[</span>6<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span>[</span>7<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A tabela seguinte mostra a relação entre os valores numéricos e os nomes correspondentes nas duas escalas: </p> <table class="wikitable" style="width:100%;"> <tbody><tr style="text-align:left;"> <th rowspan="2" style="width:10%; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Nota%C3%A7%C3%A3o_cient%C3%ADfica" title="Notação científica">Notação científica</a> </th> <th rowspan="2" style="width:20%; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/N%C3%BAmero" title="Número">Decimal</a> </th> <th colspan="2">Escala curta </th> <th colspan="2">Escala longa </th></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:center; width:20%;">Nome </th> <th style="text-align:center; width:15%;">Lógica </th> <th style="text-align:center; width:21%;">Nome </th> <th style="text-align:center; width:14%;">Lógica </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Um" title="Um">10<sup>0</sup></a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td> <td>um</td> <td style="text-align:right;"> </td> <td>um</td> <td style="text-align:right;">1×1.000.000<sup><b>0</b></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Dez" title="Dez">10<sup>1</sup></a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">10 </td> <td>dez</td> <td style="text-align:right;"> </td> <td>dez</td> <td style="text-align:right;">10×1.000.000<sup><b>0</b></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Cem" class="mw-redirect" title="Cem">10<sup>2</sup></a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">100 </td> <td>cem</td> <td style="text-align:right;"> </td> <td>cem</td> <td style="text-align:right;">100×1.000.000<sup><b>0</b></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Mil" class="mw-redirect" title="Mil">10<sup>3</sup></a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1.000 </td> <td>mil</td> <td style="text-align:right;"> </td> <td>mil</td> <td style="text-align:right;">1000×1.000.000<sup><b>0</b></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Dez_mil" title="Dez mil">10<sup>4</sup></a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">10.000 </td> <td>dez mil</td> <td style="text-align:right;"> </td> <td>dez mil</td> <td style="text-align:right;">10.000×1.000.000<sup><b>0</b></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Cem_mil" class="mw-redirect" title="Cem mil">10<sup>5</sup></a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">100.000 </td> <td>cem mil</td> <td style="text-align:right;"> </td> <td>cem mil</td> <td style="text-align:right;">100.000×1.000.000<sup><b>0</b></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Um_milh%C3%A3o" class="mw-redirect" title="Um milhão">10<sup>6</sup></a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1.000.000 </td> <td>um milhão</td> <td style="text-align:right;">1×1.000×1.000<sup><b>1</b></sup></td> <td>um milhão</td> <td style="text-align:right;">1×1.000.000<sup><b>1</b></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Um_milh%C3%A3o" class="mw-redirect" title="Um milhão">10<sup>7</sup></a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">10.000.000 </td> <td>dez milhões </td> <td style="text-align:right;">10×1.000×1.000<sup><b>1</b></sup> </td> <td>dez milhões </td> <td style="text-align:right;">10×1.000.000<sup><b>1</b></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Um_milh%C3%A3o" class="mw-redirect" title="Um milhão">10<sup>8</sup></a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">100.000.000 </td> <td>cem milhões </td> <td style="text-align:right;">100×1.000×1.000<sup><b>1</b></sup> </td> <td>cem milhões </td> <td style="text-align:right;">100×1.000.000<sup><b>1</b></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1_000_000_000" title="1 000 000 000">10<sup>9</sup></a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1.000.000.000 </td> <td>um <b>bi</b>lhão</td> <td style="text-align:right;">1×1.000×1.000<sup><b>2</b></sup></td> <td>mil milhões</td> <td style="text-align:right;">1000×1.000.000<sup><b>1</b></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1_000_000_000_000" title="1 000 000 000 000">10<sup>12</sup></a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1.000.000.000.000 </td> <td>um <b>tri</b>lhão</td> <td style="text-align:right;">1×1.000×1.000<sup><b>3</b></sup></td> <td>um <b>bi</b>lião</td> <td style="text-align:right;">1×1.000.000<sup><b>2</b></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/1000000000000000" title="1000000000000000">10<sup>15</sup></a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1.000.000.000.000.000 </td> <td>um <b>quatr</b>ilhão</td> <td style="text-align:right;">1×1.000×1.000<sup><b>4</b></sup></td> <td>mil biliões</td> <td style="text-align:right;">1000×1.000.000<sup><b>2</b></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">10<sup>18</sup> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1.000.000.000.000.000.000 </td> <td>um <b>quint</b>ilhão ou um <b>quinqu</b>ilhão</td> <td style="text-align:right;">1×1.000×1.000<sup><b>5</b></sup></td> <td>um <b>tri</b>lião</td> <td style="text-align:right;">1×1.000.000<sup><b>3</b></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">10<sup>21</sup> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1.000.000.000.000.000.000.000 </td> <td>um <b>sext</b>ilhão</td> <td style="text-align:right;">1×1.000×1.000<sup><b>6</b></sup></td> <td>mil triliões</td> <td style="text-align:right;">1000×1.000.000<sup><b>3</b></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">10<sup>24</sup> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000 </td> <td>um <b>sept</b>ilhão</td> <td style="text-align:right;">1×1.000×1.000<sup><b>7</b></sup></td> <td>um <b>quatr</b>ilião</td> <td style="text-align:right;">1×1.000.000<sup><b>4</b></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">etc. </td> <td style="text-align:right;">etc. </td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;">Para passar de uma ordem denominada de magnitude à seguinte, multiplique por 1.000</td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;">Para passar de uma ordem denominada de magnitude à seguinte, multiplique por 1.000.000 </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>A tabela seguinte mostra a relação entre os nomes e os valores numéricos correspondentes nas duas escalas: </p> <table class="wikitable" style="width:100%;"> <tbody><tr style="text-align:left;"> <th rowspan="2" style="width:30%;">Nome </th> <th colspan="2">Escala curta </th> <th colspan="2">Escala longa </th></tr> <tr> <th style="width:20%; text-align:center;">Notação científica </th> <th style="width:15%; text-align:center;">Lógica </th> <th style="width:20%; text-align:center;">Notação científica </th> <th style="width:15%; text-align:center;">Lógica </th></tr> <tr> <td>milhão</td> <td style="text-align:center;">10<sup>6</sup></td> <td style="text-align:center;">1.000×1.000<sup><b>1</b></sup></td> <td style="text-align:center;">10<sup>6</sup></td> <td style="text-align:center;">1.000.000<sup><b>1</b></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>bi</b>lião ou bilhão</td> <td style="text-align:center;">10<sup>9</sup></td> <td style="text-align:center;">1.000×1.000<sup><b>2</b></sup></td> <td style="text-align:center;">10<sup>12</sup></td> <td style="text-align:center;">1.000.000<sup><b>2</b></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>tri</b>lião ou trilhão</td> <td style="text-align:center;">10<sup>12</sup></td> <td style="text-align:center;">1.000×1.000<sup><b>3</b></sup></td> <td style="text-align:center;">10<sup>18</sup></td> <td style="text-align:center;">1.000.000<sup><b>3</b></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>quatr</b>ilião ou quatrilhão</td> <td style="text-align:center;">10<sup>15</sup></td> <td style="text-align:center;">1.000×1.000<sup><b>4</b></sup></td> <td style="text-align:center;">10<sup>24</sup></td> <td style="text-align:center;">1.000.000<sup><b>4</b></sup> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>etc.</td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;">Para passar de uma ordem denominada de magnitude à seguinte, multiplique por 1.000</td> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;">Para passar de uma ordem denominada de magnitude à seguinte, multiplique por 1.000.000 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Utilização_atual"><span id="Utiliza.C3.A7.C3.A3o_atual"></span>Utilização atual</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Escalas_curta_e_longa&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=2" title="Editar secção: Utilização atual" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Escalas_curta_e_longa&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Utilização atual"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:World_map_of_long_and_short_scales.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/World_map_of_long_and_short_scales.svg/650px-World_map_of_long_and_short_scales.svg.png" decoding="async" width="650" height="342" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/World_map_of_long_and_short_scales.svg/975px-World_map_of_long_and_short_scales.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/World_map_of_long_and_short_scales.svg/1300px-World_map_of_long_and_short_scales.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="269" /></a><figcaption>Utilização das escalas curta e longa no mundo<br /> <div class="legend" style="-webkit-column-break-inside: avoid;page-break-inside: avoid;break-inside: avoid-column"><span class="legend-color" style="display:inline-block; width:1.1em; height:1.1em; margin:1px 0; border:1px solid black; background: #a1dab4; color:black; font-size:100%; text-align:center;">&#160;</span>&#160;escala longa</div> <div class="legend" style="-webkit-column-break-inside: avoid;page-break-inside: avoid;break-inside: avoid-column"><span class="legend-color" style="display:inline-block; width:1.1em; height:1.1em; margin:1px 0; border:1px solid black; background: #2c7fb8; color:black; font-size:100%; text-align:center;">&#160;</span>&#160;escala curta</div> <div class="legend" style="-webkit-column-break-inside: avoid;page-break-inside: avoid;break-inside: avoid-column"><span class="legend-color" style="display:inline-block; width:1.1em; height:1.1em; margin:1px 0; border:1px solid black; background: #41b6c4; color:black; font-size:100%; text-align:center;">&#160;</span>&#160;ambas as escalas</div> <div class="legend" style="-webkit-column-break-inside: avoid;page-break-inside: avoid;break-inside: avoid-column"><span class="legend-color" style="display:inline-block; width:1.1em; height:1.1em; margin:1px 0; border:1px solid black; background: #fffccc; color:black; font-size:100%; text-align:center;">&#160;</span>&#160;outros sistemas</div> <div class="legend" style="-webkit-column-break-inside: avoid;page-break-inside: avoid;break-inside: avoid-column"><span class="legend-color" style="display:inline-block; width:1.1em; height:1.1em; margin:1px 0; border:1px solid black; background: #253494; color:black; font-size:100%; text-align:center;">&#160;</span>&#160;sem dados (Burundi e Brunei)</div> </figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ver_também"><span id="Ver_tamb.C3.A9m"></span>Ver também</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Escalas_curta_e_longa&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=3" title="Editar secção: Ver também" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Escalas_curta_e_longa&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Ver também"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nota%C3%A7%C3%A3o_cient%C3%ADfica" title="Notação científica">Notação científica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nomes_dos_n%C3%BAmeros" class="mw-redirect" title="Nomes dos números">Nomes dos números</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N%C3%BAmero" title="Número">Número</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sistema_Internacional_de_Unidades#Prefixos_oficiais_do_SI" title="Sistema Internacional de Unidades">Prefixos do SIU</a></li></ul> <h2 id="Notas" style="cursor: help;" title="Esta seção foi configurada para não ser editável diretamente. Edite a página toda ou a seção anterior em vez disso.">Notas</h2> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Em <a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a> esta regra é determinada pela norma NP-18 de <b>1960</b> (<i>Nomenclatura dos grandes números</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span>[</span>1<span>]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;"></div> <h2 id="Referências" style="cursor: help;" title="Esta seção foi configurada para não ser editável diretamente. Edite a página toda ou a seção anterior em vez disso."><span id="Refer.C3.AAncias"></span>Referências</h2> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ciberduvidas.com/pergunta.php?id=2498">«Bilião»</a>. Ciberdúvidas da Língua Portuguesa. 18 de junho de 1998<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 5 de novembro de 2008</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AEscalas+curta+e+longa&amp;rft.btitle=Bili%C3%A3o&amp;rft.date=1998-06-18&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.pub=Ciberd%C3%BAvidas+da+L%C3ngua+Portuguesa&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ciberduvidas.com%2Fpergunta.php%3Fid%3D2498&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Guitel1-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-Guitel1_3-0">a</a></b></i></sup> <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-Guitel1_3-1">b</a></b></i></sup> <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-Guitel1_3-2">c</a></b></i></sup> <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-Guitel1_3-3">d</a></b></i></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"> <cite class="citation book">Guitel, Geneviève (1975). <i>Histoire comparée des numérations écrites</i> (em francês). Paris: Flammarion. pp.&#160;51–52. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Especial:Fontes_de_livros/978-2-08-211104-1" title="Especial:Fontes de livros/978-2-08-211104-1">978-2-08-211104-1</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AEscalas+curta+e+longa&amp;rft.aufirst=Genevi%C3%A8ve&amp;rft.aulast=Guitel&amp;rft.btitle=Histoire+compar%C3%A9e+des+num%C3%A9rations+%C3%A9crites&amp;rft.date=1975&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=978-2-08-211104-1&amp;rft.pages=51-52&amp;rft.place=Paris&amp;rft.pub=Flammarion&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Guitel2-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-Guitel2_4-0">a</a></b></i></sup> <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-Guitel2_4-1">b</a></b></i></sup> <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-Guitel2_4-2">c</a></b></i></sup> <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-Guitel2_4-3">d</a></b></i></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Guitel, Geneviève (1975). <i>Histoire comparée des numérations écrites</i> (em francês). Paris: Flammarion. pp.&#160;566–574 Chapter: "Les grands nombres en numération parlée (État actuel de la question)", <i>i.e. "The large numbers in oral numeration (Present state of the question)" </i>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Especial:Fontes_de_livros/978-2-08-211104-1" title="Especial:Fontes de livros/978-2-08-211104-1">978-2-08-211104-1</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AEscalas+curta+e+longa&amp;rft.aufirst=Genevi%C3%A8ve&amp;rft.aulast=Guitel&amp;rft.btitle=Histoire+compar%C3%A9e+des+num%C3%A9rations+%C3%A9crites&amp;rft.date=1975&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=978-2-08-211104-1&amp;rft.pages=566-574+Chapter%3A+%22Les+grands+nombres+en+num%C3%A9ration+parl%C3%A9e+%28%C3%89tat+actuel+de+la+question%29%22%2C+%27%27i.e.+%22The+large+numbers+in+oral+numeration+%28Present+state+of+the+question%29%22+%27%27&amp;rft.place=Paris&amp;rft.pub=Flammarion&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gazetadefisica.spf.pt/magazine/article/911/pdf">«O bilião e a nomenclatura dos grandes números»</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AEscalas+curta+e+longa&amp;rft.btitle=O+bili%C3%A3o+e+a+nomenclatura+dos+grandes+n%C3%BAmeros&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gazetadefisica.spf.pt%2Fmagazine%2Farticle%2F911%2Fpdf&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://phrontistery.info/numbers.html">«Numerical Adjectives, Greek and Latin Number Prefixes»</a>. <i>phrontistery.info</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 27 de maio de 2016</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AEscalas+curta+e+longa&amp;rft.atitle=Numerical+Adjectives%2C+Greek+and+Latin+Number+Prefixes&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=phrontistery.info&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fphrontistery.info%2Fnumbers.html&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.flip.pt/Duvidas-Linguisticas/Duvida-Linguistica/DID/1471">«FLiP - Dúvida Linguística»</a>. <i>www.flip.pt</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 27 de maio de 2016</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AEscalas+curta+e+longa&amp;rft.atitle=FLiP+-+D%C3%BAvida+Lingu%C3stica&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=www.flip.pt&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.flip.pt%2FDuvidas-Linguisticas%2FDuvida-Linguistica%2FDID%2F1471&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.isthe.com/chongo/tech/math/number/howhigh.html">«How high can you count?»</a>. <i>www.isthe.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 27 de maio de 2016</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AEscalas+curta+e+longa&amp;rft.atitle=How+high+can+you+count%3F&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=www.isthe.com&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.isthe.com%2Fchongo%2Ftech%2Fmath%2Fnumber%2Fhowhigh.html&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐7649cfcddd‐vhkv2 Cached time: 20241127121651 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.096 seconds Real time usage: 0.160 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 708/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 13427/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 379/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 8/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 9590/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.032/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 2697456/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 127.176 1 -total 49.83% 63.369 3 Predefinição:Referências 35.23% 44.804 2 Predefinição:Fmtn 31.21% 39.693 5 Predefinição:Citar_web 9.19% 11.689 2 Predefinição:Citar_livro 5.34% 6.788 1 Predefinição:Notas 4.84% 6.159 1 Predefinição:Nota_de_rodapé 4.13% 5.248 5 Predefinição:Legenda 1.73% 2.199 5 Predefinição:Trim 1.40% 1.786 2 Predefinição:Esconder_link_para_editar_seção --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key ptwiki:pcache:1051705:|#|:idhash:canonical and timestamp 20241127121651 and revision id 69057418. 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