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<div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Innhold</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">flytt til sidefeltet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">skjul</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Til toppen)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Historie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Historie"> <div 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class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referanser"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Referanser</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referanser-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kilder" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kilder"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Kilder</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kilder-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Innhold" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Innholdsfortegnelse" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Vis/skjul innholdsfortegnelsen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Vis/skjul innholdsfortegnelsen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Xhosa</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gå til en artikkel på et annet språk. Tilgjengelig på 48 språk" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-48" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">48 språk</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xhosaer" title="Xhosaer – norsk nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Xhosaer" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norsk nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xhosa" title="Xhosa – dansk" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Xhosa" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xhosa_(folk)" title="Xhosa (folk) – svensk" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Xhosa (folk)" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xhosas" title="Xhosas – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Xhosas" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86" title="كوسيون – arabisk" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كوسيون" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B0_(%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4)" title="Коса (народ) – belarusisk" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Коса (народ)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarusisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%85%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B0" title="Кхоса – bulgarsk" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Кхоса" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xhosa_(pobl)" title="Xhosa (pobl) – bretonsk" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Xhosa (pobl)" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretonsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xoses" title="Xoses – katalansk" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Xoses" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xhosov%C3%A9" title="Xhosové – tsjekkisk" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Xhosové" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tsjekkisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaxhosa" title="Vaxhosa – shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Vaxhosa" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xhosa_(pobl)" title="Xhosa (pobl) – walisisk" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Xhosa (pobl)" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="walisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xhosa_(Volk)" title="Xhosa (Volk) – tysk" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Xhosa (Volk)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CF%8C%CF%83%CE%B1" title="Κόσα – gresk" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Κόσα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="gresk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xhosa_people" title="Xhosa people – engelsk" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Xhosa people" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xhosa" title="Xhosa – spansk" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Xhosa" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kosoj" title="Kosoj – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Kosoj" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xhosa" title="Xhosa – baskisk" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Xhosa" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xhosa_(peuple)" title="Xhosa (peuple) – fransk" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Xhosa (peuple)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="fransk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pobo_xhosa" title="Pobo xhosa – galisisk" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Pobo xhosa" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%BD%94%EC%82%AC%EC%A1%B1" title="코사족 – koreansk" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="코사족" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xhosa" title="Xhosa – kroatisk" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Xhosa" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroatisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suku_Xhosa" title="Suku Xhosa – indonesisk" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Suku Xhosa" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/AmaXhosa" title="AmaXhosa – xhosa" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="AmaXhosa" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="xhosa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xhosa" title="Xhosa – italiensk" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Xhosa" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%A1%D7%94_(%D7%A7%D7%91%D7%95%D7%A6%D7%94_%D7%90%D7%AA%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%AA)" title="קוסה (קבוצה אתנית) – hebraisk" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קוסה (קבוצה אתנית)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebraisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosa_k%CA%8Bn%CA%8B%C5%8B" title="Sosa kʋnʋŋ – kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Sosa kʋnʋŋ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B0_(%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D2%9B)" title="Коса (халық) – kasakhisk" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Коса (халық)" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kasakhisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waxhosa" title="Waxhosa – swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Waxhosa" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BB%D3%93" title="Косавлӓ – vestmarisk" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Косавлӓ" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="vestmarisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lbe mw-list-item"><a href="https://lbe.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B0" title="Коса – lakisk" lang="lbe" hreflang="lbe" data-title="Коса" data-language-autonym="Лакку" data-language-local-name="lakisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лакку</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kosi" title="Kosi – latvisk" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Kosi" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="latvisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_Xhosa" title="Orang Xhosa – malayisk" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Orang Xhosa" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malayisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xhosa_(volk)" title="Xhosa (volk) – nederlandsk" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Xhosa (volk)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederlandsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B3%E3%82%B5%E4%BA%BA" title="コサ人 – japansk" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="コサ人" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xhosa" title="Xhosa – polsk" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Xhosa" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xossas" title="Xossas – portugisisk" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Xossas" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xhosa_(grup_etnic)" title="Xhosa (grup etnic) – rumensk" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Xhosa (grup etnic)" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B0_(%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4)" title="Коса (народ) – russisk" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Коса (народ)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xhosa_people" title="Xhosa people – enkel engelsk" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Xhosa people" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="enkel engelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B0_(%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B3%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0)" title="Коса (етничка група) – serbisk" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Коса (етничка група)" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xhosa" title="Xhosa – serbokroatisk" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Xhosa" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbokroatisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xhosat" title="Xhosat – finsk" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Xhosat" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B0_(%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4)" title="Коса (народ) – ukrainsk" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Коса (народ)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ng%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Di_Xhosa" title="Người Xhosa – vietnamesisk" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Người Xhosa" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%80w%E1%BB%8Dn_%E1%BA%B9%CC%80y%C3%A0_Xhosa" title="Àwọn ẹ̀yà Xhosa – joruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Àwọn ẹ̀yà Xhosa" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="joruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E8%96%A9%E4%BA%BA" title="科薩人 – kinesisk" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="科薩人" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kinesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jolma_Xhosa" title="Jolma Xhosa – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Jolma Xhosa" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q207996#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Rediger lenker til artikkelen på andre språk" class="wbc-editpage">Rediger lenker</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Navnerom"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Xhosa" title="Vis innholdssiden [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikkel</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Diskusjon:Xhosa" rel="discussion" class="mw-redirect" title="Diskusjon om innholdssiden [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Diskusjon</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Bytt språkvariant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">norsk bokmål</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Visninger"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Xhosa"><span>Les</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Xhosa&veaction=edit" title="Rediger siden [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Rediger</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Xhosa&action=edit" title="Rediger kildekoden for denne siden [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Rediger kilde</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Xhosa&action=history" title="Tidligere sideversjoner av denne siden [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Vis historikk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Sideverktøy"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Verktøy" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Verktøy</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Verktøy</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">flytt til sidefeltet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">skjul</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Flere alternativer" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Handlinger </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Xhosa"><span>Les</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Xhosa&veaction=edit" title="Rediger siden [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Rediger</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Xhosa&action=edit" title="Rediger kildekoden for denne siden [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Rediger kilde</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Xhosa&action=history"><span>Vis historikk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Generelt </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesial:Lenker_hit/Xhosa" title="Liste over alle wikisider som lenker hit [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Lenker hit</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesial:Relaterte_endringer/Xhosa" rel="nofollow" title="Siste endringer i sider som blir lenket fra denne siden [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Relaterte endringer</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=no" title="Last opp filer [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Last opp fil</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Xhosa&oldid=22225011" title="Permanent lenke til denne versjonen av siden"><span>Permanent lenke</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Xhosa&action=info" title="Mer informasjon om denne siden"><span>Sideinformasjon</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:Siteringshjelp&page=Xhosa&id=22225011&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informasjon om hvordan denne siden kan siteres"><span>Siter denne siden</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fno.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FXhosa"><span>Hent forkortet URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fno.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FXhosa"><span>Last ned QR-kode</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Skriv ut / eksporter </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:DownloadAsPdf&page=Xhosa&action=show-download-screen"><span>Last ned som PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Xhosa&printable=yes" title="Utskriftsvennlig versjon av denne siden [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Utskriftsvennlig versjon</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> På andre prosjekter </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Xhosa_people" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q207996" title="Lenke til koblet dataregisterelement [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata-element</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Sideverktøy"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Utseende"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Utseende</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">flytt til sidefeltet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">skjul</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Fra Wikipedia, den frie encyklopedi</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="nb" dir="ltr"><dl><dd><i>For språket, se <a href="/wiki/Xhosa_(spr%C3%A5k)" title="Xhosa (språk)">xhosa (språk)</a></i></dd></dl> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r24884810">.mw-parser-output .wb-edithandle{display:none;padding-left:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .wd-editable-show .wb-edithandle{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .wd-editable-hide .wb-edithandle{display:none}.mw-parser-output table.infoboks{float:right;border:1px solid #aaa;padding:3px;margin:0.5em 0em 1em 1em;background-color:#f9f9f9;color:black;vertical-align:top;text-align:left;font-size:88%}.mw-parser-output table.infoboks tr.overskrift th{text-align:center;font-weight:bold;font-size:larger;border:none}.mw-parser-output table.infoboks tr.bilde td{background-color:#fff;color:black;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;border:none}.mw-parser-output table.infoboks th{border-bottom:1px solid #ccc;text-align:center;padding-left:3px;padding-right:3px;padding-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output table.infoboks td{background-color:#efefef;color:black;border-bottom:1px solid #ccc;margin:0;padding:3px}.mw-parser-output table.infoboks tr.custom td{background:none;border:none}.mw-parser-output table.infoboks tr.rad th{text-align:left;font-weight:bold;border:none;padding-left:3px;padding-right:3px;padding-top:0.2em;padding-bottom:0.1em}.mw-parser-output table.infoboks tr.rad td{text-align:left;font-weight:normal;border:none;padding-left:3px;padding-right:3px;padding-top:0.2em;padding-bottom:0.1em;background-color:#f9f9f9}.mw-parser-output table.infoboks tr.rad td.center{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output table.infoboks tr.rad td.headercenter{text-align:center;font-weight:bold;border:none;padding-left:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-top:0.2em;padding-bottom:0.1em;background-color:#f9f9f9}.mw-parser-output table.infoboks tr.hode th{padding-left:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-top:0.2em;padding-bottom:0.1em}.mw-parser-output table.infoboks tr.bilde td{text-align:center;font-weight:normal;border:none;padding-left:3px;padding-right:3px;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0;background-color:#f9f9f9}.mw-parser-output table.infoboks tr.overskrift td{text-align:center;font-weight:bold;background-color:#eee;border:none;padding-left:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-top:0.2em;padding-bottom:0.1em}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.geografi tr.overskrift th{background-color:#f9f9f9;color:black}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.biografi tr.overskrift th{background-color:#f9f9f9;color:black}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.transport tr.overskrift th{background-color:#f9f9f9;color:black}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.bygning tr.overskrift th{background-color:#f9f9f9;color:black}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.infrastruktur tr.overskrift th{background-color:#f9f9f9;color:black}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.bred tr.overskrift td{font-size:larger}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.ekstrabred tr.overskrift td{font-size:larger}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.bordered tr.rad th{border-bottom:1px solid #ccc}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.bordered tr.rad td{border-bottom:1px solid #ccc}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r24884810"><table class="infobox infoboks biografi bordered bred"><tbody><tr class="hode overskrift"><th colspan="4">Xhosa</th></tr> <tr class="bilde" valign="top"><td colspan="4" class="sentrert"><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Nelson_Mandela.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Nelson_Mandela.jpg/250px-Nelson_Mandela.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="320" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/85/Nelson_Mandela.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="273" data-file-height="349" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Nelson_Mandela" title="Nelson Mandela">Nelson Mandela</a>, en kjent Xhosa<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23957101">.mw-parser-output .byline{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .byline .hidden{display:none}</style><div class="byline"></div></div></td></tr> <tr class="overskrift"><td colspan="4" class="center"><small>Antall</small></td></tr><tr class="rad"> <td colspan="4" class="center">7,9 millioner</td> </tr><tr class="overskrift"><td colspan="4" class="center"><small>Område</small></td></tr><tr class="rad"> <td colspan="4" class="centerr"><span class="flagg"><span><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/S%C3%B8r-Afrika" title="Sør-Afrika"><img alt="Sør-Afrikas flagg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/22px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/33px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/44px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/S%C3%B8r-Afrika" title="Sør-Afrika">Sør-Afrika</a> <br /> <span class="flagg"><span><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Lesotho" title="Lesotho"><img alt="Lesothos flagg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Flag_of_Lesotho.svg/22px-Flag_of_Lesotho.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Flag_of_Lesotho.svg/33px-Flag_of_Lesotho.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Flag_of_Lesotho.svg/44px-Flag_of_Lesotho.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Lesotho" title="Lesotho">Lesotho</a></td> </tr><tr class="overskrift"><td colspan="4" class="center"><small>Språk</small></td></tr><tr class="rad"> <td colspan="4" class="center"><a href="/wiki/Xhosa_(spr%C3%A5k)" title="Xhosa (språk)">Xhosa</a></td> </tr><tr class="overskrift"><td colspan="4" class="center"><small>Religion</small></td></tr><tr class="rad"> <td colspan="4" class="center"><a href="/wiki/Kristendom" title="Kristendom">Kristendom</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Afrikanske_religioner" class="mw-redirect" title="Afrikanske religioner">Afrikanske religioner</a></td> </tr><tr class="rad"><td colspan="4"><hr /><div class="sentrert"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Xhosa" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Xhosa">Xhosa på Commons</a></div></td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Xhosa</b> (uttales: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r19918143">.mw-parser-output .IPA{font-family:"DejaVu Sans","Arial Unicode MS","Lucida Sans Unicode","Lucida Grande","TITUS Cyberbit Basic","Code2000","MV Boli","MS Mincho","Arial",sans-serif;text-decoration:none!important}.mw-parser-output .IPA a:link,.mw-parser-output .IPA:visited{text-decoration:none!important}</style><span title="IPA-uttale" class="IPA">/ˈkǁʰoːsa/</span> (<span class="unicode audiolink"><a href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/72/Xhosa.ogg" class="internal" title="Xhosa.ogg">Audio</a></span> <span class="metadata audiolinkinfo"><small><sup><a href="/wiki/Hjelp:Multimedia" title="Hjelp:Multimedia">hjelp</a>•<a href="/wiki/Fil:Xhosa.ogg" title="Fil:Xhosa.ogg">info</a></sup></small></span>) er en <a href="/wiki/Afrika" title="Afrika">afrikansk</a> folkegruppe hovedsakelig tilhørende i de sørøstlige deler av <a href="/wiki/S%C3%B8r-Afrika" title="Sør-Afrika">Sør-Afrika</a>. Navnet xhosa sies å komme fra en legendarisk leder kalt uXhosa. Det sies at han skilte xhosafolket fra <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nguni&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nguni (ikke skrevet ennå)">ngunifolket</a> i begynnelsen av <a href="/wiki/1500-tallet" class="mw-redirect" title="1500-tallet">1500-tallet</a>. Xhosafolket kaller seg selv for <i>amaXhosa</i>, og sitt eget språk for <i>isiXhosa</i>. Omtrent 17,5 % av det sørafrikanske folk er av xhosa-opprinnelse. </p><p>En noe omstridt teori er at navnet kommer fra «khoikhoi» eller «sanspråk» i betydningen <i>rasende</i> eller <i>sinna</i>. Xhosa ville i så tilfelle kunne bli kalt det «rasende folket». </p><p>Xhosafolket drev tradisjonelt med <a href="/wiki/Jordbruk" class="mw-redirect" title="Jordbruk">jordbruk</a> og feavl. <a href="/wiki/Xhosa_(spr%C3%A5k)" title="Xhosa (språk)">isiXhosatalende</a> folk deles gjerne inn i undergrupper. De mest sentrale gruppene er fra øst: Xesibe, bhaca, mpondo, mpondomise, bomvana, thembu, gcaleka, rharhabe og fingo.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historie">Historie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Xhosa&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Rediger avsnitt: Historie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Xhosa&action=edit&section=1" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Historie"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Xhosafolket er en gruppe av ngunifolket, et bantutalende folk som trakk sørover fra de sentralafrikanske områdene. De slo seg ned i Kapp-provinsene, og hovedsakelig ble den østlige Kapp-provinsen, Zuurveld, xhosafolkets område. Her i områdene mot <a href="/wiki/Det_indiske_hav" class="mw-redirect" title="Det indiske hav">Det indiske hav</a> levde de for det meste av jorden. Xhosafolket var veletablert her før <a href="/wiki/Nederland" title="Nederland">nederlenderne</a> koloniserte de vestlige Kappområdene. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Xhosa-children.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Xhosa-children.JPG/200px-Xhosa-children.JPG" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Xhosa-children.JPG/300px-Xhosa-children.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Xhosa-children.JPG/400px-Xhosa-children.JPG 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>Xhosabarn ved <a href="/wiki/Transkei" title="Transkei">Transkei</a> med xhosahytter i bakgrunnen</figcaption></figure> <p>Den nederlandske Kapp-kolonien utvider sine områder og flytter grensen til <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gamtoos-elven&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gamtoos-elven (ikke skrevet ennå)">Gamtoos-elven</a> i <a href="/wiki/1770" title="1770">1770</a>, og videre til <i>Great Fish River</i> i <a href="/wiki/1778" title="1778">1778</a>. Året etter støter kolonibosettere og xhosafolket sammen ved elva. Dette ble xhosafolkets første grensekrig, og ytterligere åtte slag skulle følge. </p><p>Etter slagene ved Muizenberg (1795) og Blouberg (1806) tok <a href="/wiki/Storbritannia" title="Storbritannia">britene</a> over Kapp-provinsene. Dette gjorde at områdene ble enda mer presset for plass. I 1834 frigis slavene, men de påkreves fire års læretid. Samme året starter den sjette grensekrigen. Britene driver <a href="/wiki/Boer" class="mw-redirect" title="Boer">boerne</a> vekk, og de trekker mot nordøst. <a href="/wiki/Khoisan" title="Khoisan">Khoisanfolket</a> slår seg sammen med xhosafolket i <a href="/wiki/1852" title="1852">1852</a> og den åttende grensekrigen står ved eleven Kat. </p><p>I 1857 er kvinnen Nongqawuse leder for rharhabe-xhosa, og hun lytter til en xhosaprofet som spår at folket vil gjenvinne makt dersom de slaktet alle dyrene og ødela avlingene. Denne feilslåtte profetien medførte at tusenvis av xhosaer døde i hungersnød. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kultur">Kultur</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Xhosa&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Rediger avsnitt: Kultur" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Xhosa&action=edit&section=2" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Kultur"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:2008-02-09_Xhosa_women.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/2008-02-09_Xhosa_women.jpg/200px-2008-02-09_Xhosa_women.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/2008-02-09_Xhosa_women.jpg/300px-2008-02-09_Xhosa_women.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/2008-02-09_Xhosa_women.jpg/400px-2008-02-09_Xhosa_women.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a><figcaption>Xhosakvinner fremfører xhosamusikk i tradisjonelle drakter. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r23957101"><div class="byline"><span class="hidden"> </span>Foto: C. Hill, 2008 </div></figcaption></figure> <p>Xhosafolket er kjent som meget habile <a href="/wiki/Sang" title="Sang">sangere</a>, og det finnes stipendsystemer for talentfulle sangere som ønsker utdanning på de bedre skolene i Kapp-områdene. Det finnes internater i Cape Town der dyktige sangere får kost, losji og skolegang mot å synge i skolekoret. </p><p>Tradisjonell musikk benytter seg av <a href="/wiki/Tromme" title="Tromme">trommer</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rangle&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rangle (ikke skrevet ennå)">rangler</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fl%C3%B8yte" title="Fløyte">fløyter</a>, <a href="/wiki/Munnharpe" title="Munnharpe">munnharper</a> og ulike <a href="/wiki/Strenginstrument" class="mw-redirect" title="Strenginstrument">strenginstrumenter</a>. <a href="/wiki/Xylofon" title="Xylofon">Xylofoner</a> er et noe mer moderne innslag. Gruppesang med klapping, dans og plystring er vanlig. Ulike rituelle hendelser har gjerne sin sang, og en av de mest kjente sangene er en bryllupssang kalt <i>qongqongthwane</i>, eller <i>click song</i> (klikkesangen, der klikkingen refererer til xhosaspråkets tungeklikking. Sangen er gjort kjent internasjonalt av sangerinnen <a href="/wiki/Miriam_Makeba" title="Miriam Makeba">Miriam Makeba</a>. </p><p>Dans er sentralt, og kombineres naturlig med sang og musikk. Xhosadans kan være inspirert av dyr og fugler. Voldsomme kroppsutslag og høye spark er ikke uvanlig. Kraftig plystring kan kombineres med dansene. </p><p>Xhosafolket synes å være glade i sterke farger, og i motsetning til andre sørafrikanske folkeslag, maler de hyttene sine i sterke farger og gjerne i flotte mønster. Av tradisjonelt håndverk finnes <a href="/wiki/Perler" class="mw-redirect" title="Perler">perling</a> av smykker og figurer, <a href="/wiki/Veving" title="Veving">veving</a> og <a href="/wiki/Keramikk" title="Keramikk">keramikk</a>. Dette er hovedsakelig kvinnearbeid, mennene bedriver <a href="/wiki/Treskj%C3%A6ring" title="Treskjæring">treskjæring</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Betydningsfulle_xhosapersoner">Betydningsfulle xhosapersoner</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Xhosa&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Rediger avsnitt: Betydningsfulle xhosapersoner" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Xhosa&action=edit&section=3" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Betydningsfulle xhosapersoner"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nelson_Mandela" title="Nelson Mandela">Nelson Mandela</a>, tidligere president i Sør-Afrika.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thabo_Mbeki" title="Thabo Mbeki">Thabo Mbeki</a>, tidligere president i Sør-Afrika (1999–2008).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desmond_Tutu" title="Desmond Tutu">Desmond Tutu</a>, tidligere biskop og mottaker av Nobels fredspris.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miriam_Makeba" title="Miriam Makeba">Miriam Makeba</a>, <a href="/wiki/Grammy" class="mw-redirect" title="Grammy">Grammy</a>-vinnende sangerinne</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Wellington_Gqoba" title="William Wellington Gqoba">William Wellington Gqoba</a>, prest og dikter</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_Biko" title="Steve Biko">Steve Biko</a>, borgerrettighetsforkjemper</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referanser">Referanser</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Xhosa&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Rediger avsnitt: Referanser" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Xhosa&action=edit&section=4" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Referanser"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.everyculture.com/wc/Rwanda-to-Syria/Xhosa.html">everyculture.com Xhosa</a></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kilder">Kilder</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Xhosa&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Rediger avsnitt: Kilder" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Xhosa&action=edit&section=5" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Kilder"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Clicking with Xhosa (2005), Kirch, Beverly et.all. (<a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/0864866453" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0864866453</a>)</li> <li>Sør-Afrika, Gyldendals Reiseguider (2003), (<a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/8205323852" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 8205323852</a>)</li></ul> <p><br /> </p> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r24994932">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul 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class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only mw-watchlink" id="ca-watchstar-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="watch-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-star mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-star"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-ve-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="wikitext-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikiText mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-wikiText"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-editLock mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-editLock"></span> <span></span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-language"></span> <span>48 språk</span> </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbleAdd-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbleAdd-progressive"></span> <span>Nytt emne</span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-78657f6676-pznqt","wgBackendResponseTime":893,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.552","walltime":"0.672","ppvisitednodes":{"value":10817,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":18465,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":7583,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":16,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":7,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":11670,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":8,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 630.060 1 -total"," 69.27% 436.446 1 Mal:Infoboks_folk"," 68.79% 433.430 1 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