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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Government" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Government"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Government</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Government-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Non-members_attending_cabinet" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Non-members_attending_cabinet"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Non-members attending cabinet</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Non-members_attending_cabinet-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Term_of_office" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Term_of_office"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Term of office</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Term_of_office-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Caretaker_Government" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Caretaker_Government"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Caretaker Government</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Caretaker_Government-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Authority_and_powers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Authority_and_powers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Authority and powers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Authority_and_powers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Public_service" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Public_service"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Public service</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Public_service-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon 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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Civil_service"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3</span> <span>Civil service</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Civil_service-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Current_government_of_Ireland" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Current_government_of_Ireland"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Current government of Ireland</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Current_government_of_Ireland-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc 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Available in 19 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-19" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">19 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D9%83%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A9_%D8%A3%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7" title="حكومة أيرلندا – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="حكومة أيرلندا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Govern_d%27Irlanda" title="Govern d'Irlanda – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Govern d'Irlanda" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irische_Regierung" title="Irische Regierung – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Irische Regierung" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gobierno_de_Irlanda" title="Gobierno de Irlanda – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Gobierno de Irlanda" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irlandako_Gobernua" title="Irlandako Gobernua – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Irlandako Gobernua" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gouvernement_de_l%27Irlande" title="Gouvernement de l'Irlande – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Gouvernement de l'Irlande" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rialtas_na_h%C3%89ireann" title="Rialtas na hÉireann – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Rialtas na hÉireann" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goberno_irland%C3%A9s" title="Goberno irlandés – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Goberno irlandés" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pemerintah_Irlandia" title="Pemerintah Irlandia – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Pemerintah Irlandia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Governo_dell%27Irlanda" title="Governo dell'Irlanda – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Governo dell'Irlanda" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%9E%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%AA_%D7%90%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%9C%D7%A0%D7%93" title="ממשלת אירלנד – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ממשלת אירלנד" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pemerintah_Ireland" title="Pemerintah Ireland – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Pemerintah Ireland" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C" title="アイルランド政府 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アイルランド政府" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rz%C4%85d_Irlandii" title="Rząd Irlandii – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Rząd Irlandii" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Governo_da_Rep%C3%BAblica_da_Irlanda" title="Governo da República da Irlanda – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Governo da República da Irlanda" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%98%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Правительство Ирландии – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Правительство Ирландии" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Government_of_Ireland" title="Government of Ireland – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Government of Ireland" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%80%D1%8F%D0%B4_%D0%86%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%96%D1%97" title="Уряд Ірландії – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Уряд Ірландії" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%85%D8%AA_%D8%A2%D8%A6%D8%B1%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%88" title="حکومت آئرلینڈ – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="حکومت آئرلینڈ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1672817#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> 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dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Executive authority in the Republic of Ireland</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the cabinet of the Republic of Ireland. For the government in Northern Ireland, see <a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_Executive" title="Northern Ireland Executive">Northern Ireland Executive</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="border-top: 2px solid #006b54; border-bottom: 2px solid #006b54"><span class="fn org">Government of Ireland</span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><a href="/wiki/Irish_language" title="Irish language">Irish</a>: <i lang="ga">Rialtas na hÉireann</i></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div style="font-family: serif; font-size: 100%; font-weight: bold; text-transform: uppercase; line-height: 125%; color: black;"><a href="/wiki/Central_government" title="Central government"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334494">'"`UNIQ--templatestyles-00000005-QINU`"'</style><span class="tmp-color" style="color:black">Central government</span></a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Irish_Government_Logo.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Irish_Government_Logo.png/280px-Irish_Government_Logo.png" decoding="async" width="280" height="99" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Irish_Government_Logo.png/420px-Irish_Government_Logo.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Irish_Government_Logo.png/560px-Irish_Government_Logo.png 2x" data-file-width="1003" data-file-height="354" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef">Overview</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Established</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Adoption_of_the_Constitution_of_Ireland" title="Adoption of the Constitution of Ireland">29 December 1937</a>; 85 years ago</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Polity</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Unitary_parliamentary_republic" title="Unitary parliamentary republic">Unitary parliamentary republic</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Leader</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Taoiseach" title="Taoiseach">Taoiseach</a> (<a href="/wiki/Simon_Harris" title="Simon Harris">Simon Harris</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Appointed by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/President_of_Ireland" title="President of Ireland">President of Ireland</a> (<a href="/wiki/Michael_D_Higgins" class="mw-redirect" title="Michael D Higgins">Michael D Higgins</a>) on successful nomination from <a href="/wiki/D%C3%A1il_%C3%89ireann" title="Dáil Éireann">Dáil Éireann</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Ministries</th><td class="infobox-data">18<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Current_Government_of_Ireland">list</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Responsible to</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Oireachtas" title="Oireachtas">Oireachtas Éireann</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Annual budget</th><td class="infobox-data">€90.4 billion (2023)<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Government_Buildings" title="Government Buildings">Government Buildings</a>,<br /><a href="/wiki/Merrion_Street" title="Merrion Street">Merrion Street</a>,<br /><a href="/wiki/Dublin" title="Dublin">Dublin</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gov.ie/en/">www<wbr />.gov<wbr />.ie<wbr />/en<wbr />/</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output 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.mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile vcard"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><div class="adr"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Politics of the Republic of Ireland">Politics of the Republic of Ireland</a></div></th></tr><tr><th><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Ireland.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Coat of arms of Ireland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Coat_of_arms_of_Ireland.svg/100px-Coat_of_arms_of_Ireland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Coat_of_arms_of_Ireland.svg/150px-Coat_of_arms_of_Ireland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Coat_of_arms_of_Ireland.svg/200px-Coat_of_arms_of_Ireland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="830" /></a></span></th></tr><tr><th style="border-bottom: #aaa 1px solid"></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Ireland" title="Constitution of Ireland">Constitution</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amendments_to_the_Constitution_of_Ireland" title="Amendments to the Constitution of Ireland">Amendments</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)">Presidency</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left;"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><b><a href="/wiki/President_of_Ireland" title="President of Ireland">President</a></b></div> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><a href="/wiki/Michael_D._Higgins" title="Michael D. Higgins">Michael D. Higgins</a></div> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_State_(Ireland)" title="Council of State (Ireland)">Council of State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_Commission_(Ireland)" title="Presidential Commission (Ireland)">Presidential Commission</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Government</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left;"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><b><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_33rd_D%C3%A1il" title="Government of the 33rd Dáil">Cabinet</a></b></div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Taoiseach" title="Taoiseach">Taoiseach</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Simon_Harris" title="Simon Harris">Simon Harris</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/T%C3%A1naiste" title="Tánaiste">Tánaiste</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Miche%C3%A1l_Martin" title="Micheál Martin">Micheál Martin</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_State_(Ireland)" title="Department of State (Ireland)">Departments of State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_service_of_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Public service of the Republic of Ireland">Public Service</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Civil_Service_of_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Civil Service of the Republic of Ireland">Civil Service</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/State_Agencies_of_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="State Agencies of the Republic of Ireland">State Agencies</a></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attorney_General_of_Ireland" title="Attorney General of Ireland">Attorney General</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Rossa_Fanning" title="Rossa Fanning">Rossa Fanning</a></dd></dl></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Oireachtas" title="Oireachtas">Oireachtas</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%A1il_%C3%89ireann" title="Dáil Éireann">Dáil Éireann</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Ceann_Comhairle" title="Ceann Comhairle">Ceann Comhairle</a>: <a href="/wiki/Se%C3%A1n_%C3%93_Feargha%C3%ADl" title="Seán Ó Fearghaíl">Seán Ó Fearghaíl</a></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seanad_%C3%89ireann" title="Seanad Éireann">Seanad Éireann</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Cathaoirleach" title="Cathaoirleach">Cathaoirleach</a>: <a href="/wiki/Jerry_Buttimer" title="Jerry Buttimer">Jerry Buttimer</a></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinn_F%C3%A9in_Front_Bench" title="Sinn Féin Front Bench">Opposition</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Opposition_(Ireland)" title="Leader of the Opposition (Ireland)">Leader</a>: <a href="/wiki/Mary_Lou_McDonald" title="Mary Lou McDonald">Mary Lou McDonald</a></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Committees_of_the_Oireachtas" title="Committees of the Oireachtas">Committees</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Courts_of_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Courts of the Republic of Ireland">Courts</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Ireland" title="Supreme Court of Ireland">Supreme Court</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Chief_Justice_of_Ireland" title="Chief Justice of Ireland">Chief Justice</a>: <a href="/wiki/Donal_O%27Donnell" title="Donal O'Donnell">Donal O'Donnell</a></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Court_of_Appeal_(Ireland)" title="Court of Appeal (Ireland)">Court of Appeal</a> <dl><dd>President: <a href="/wiki/George_Birmingham" title="George Birmingham">George Birmingham</a></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Court_(Ireland)" title="High Court (Ireland)">High Court</a> <dl><dd>President: <a href="/wiki/David_Barniville" title="David Barniville">David Barniville</a></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_Criminal_Court" title="Special Criminal Court">Special Criminal Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circuit_Court_(Ireland)" title="Circuit Court (Ireland)">Circuit Court</a> <dl><dd>President: <a href="/wiki/Patricia_Ryan_(judge)" title="Patricia Ryan (judge)">Patricia Ryan</a></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/District_Court_(Ireland)" title="District Court (Ireland)">District Court</a> <dl><dd>President: <a href="/wiki/District_Court_(Ireland)#President_of_District_Court" title="District Court (Ireland)">Paul Kelly</a></dd></dl></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Elections in the Republic of Ireland">Elections</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%A1il_constituencies" title="Dáil constituencies">Constituencies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="List of political parties in the Republic of Ireland">Political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_D%C3%A1il_by-elections" title="List of Dáil by-elections">By-elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_Commission_(Ireland)" title="Electoral Commission (Ireland)">Electoral Commission</a></li> <li>Recent elections</li></ul> <table class="infobox" style="background-color: transparent; color: var( --color-base ); border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:50%;text-align:right;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">General</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;white-space:nowrap;"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/2016_Irish_general_election" title="2016 Irish general election">2016</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2020_Irish_general_election" title="2020 Irish general election">2020</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2024_Irish_general_election" title="2024 Irish general election">2024</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:50%;text-align:right;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Presidential</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;white-space:nowrap;"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/2004_Irish_presidential_election" title="2004 Irish presidential election">2004</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2011_Irish_presidential_election" title="2011 Irish presidential election">2011</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2018_Irish_presidential_election" title="2018 Irish presidential election">2018</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:50%;text-align:right;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Local</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;white-space:nowrap;"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/2014_Irish_local_elections" title="2014 Irish local elections">2014</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2019_Irish_local_elections" title="2019 Irish local elections">2019</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2024_Irish_local_elections" title="2024 Irish local elections">2024</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:50%;text-align:right;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">European</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;white-space:nowrap;"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election_in_Ireland" title="2014 European Parliament election in Ireland">2014</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_Ireland" title="2019 European Parliament election in Ireland">2019</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Ireland" title="2024 European Parliament election in Ireland">2024</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)">Administrative geography</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Counties_of_Ireland" title="Counties of Ireland">Counties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Local_government_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Local government in the Republic of Ireland">Local government</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Ireland" title="Foreign relations of Ireland">Foreign relations</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Ireland)" title="Department of Foreign Affairs (Ireland)">Department of Foreign Affairs</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Foreign_Affairs_(Ireland)" title="Minister for Foreign Affairs (Ireland)">Minister</a>: <a href="/wiki/Miche%C3%A1l_Martin" title="Micheál Martin">Micheál Martin</a></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_neutrality" title="Irish neutrality">Irish neutrality</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_of_Ireland" title="List of diplomatic missions of Ireland">Diplomatic missions of</a> / <a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_in_Ireland" title="List of diplomatic missions in Ireland">in Ireland</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Irish_nationality_law" title="Irish nationality law">Nationality law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_passport" title="Irish passport">Passport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visa_requirements_for_Irish_citizens" title="Visa requirements for Irish citizens">Visa requirements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visa_policy_of_Ireland" title="Visa policy of Ireland">Visa policy</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ireland%E2%80%93United_Kingdom_relations" title="Ireland–United Kingdom relations">Ireland–United Kingdom relations</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Northern_Ireland" title="Politics of Northern Ireland">Politics of Northern Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Good_Friday_Agreement" title="Good Friday Agreement">Good Friday Agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland%E2%80%93United_Kingdom_border" title="Republic of Ireland–United Kingdom border">Ireland–UK border</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brexit_and_the_Irish_border" title="Brexit and the Irish border">Brexit and the Irish border</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British%E2%80%93Irish_Council" title="British–Irish Council">British–Irish Council</a></li></ul></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australia%E2%80%93Ireland_relations" title="Australia–Ireland relations">Australia–Ireland relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ireland%E2%80%93New_Zealand_relations" title="Ireland–New Zealand relations">Ireland–New Zealand relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada%E2%80%93Ireland_relations" title="Canada–Ireland relations">Canada–Ireland relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ireland%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Ireland–United States relations">Ireland–United States relations</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_the_European_Union" title="Politics of the European Union">Politics of the European Union</a></li></ul> </div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below hlist"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Four_Provinces_Flag.svg/16px-Four_Provinces_Flag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Four_Provinces_Flag.svg/24px-Four_Provinces_Flag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Four_Provinces_Flag.svg/32px-Four_Provinces_Flag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1320" data-file-height="680" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Ireland" title="Portal:Ireland">Ireland portal</a></span></li></ul> <div class="hlist" style="text-align:center;font-weight:normal;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_political_science#Politics_by_region" title="Outline of political science">Other countries</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Politics_of_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Template:Politics of the Republic of Ireland"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Politics_of_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Template talk:Politics of the Republic of Ireland"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Politics_of_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Politics of the Republic of Ireland"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Government of Ireland</b> (<a href="/wiki/Irish_language" title="Irish language">Irish</a>: <i lang="ga">Rialtas na hÉireann</i>) is the <a href="/wiki/Executive_(government)" title="Executive (government)">executive authority</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland">Republic of Ireland</a>, headed by the <span title="Irish-language text"><span lang="ga" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Taoiseach" title="Taoiseach">Taoiseach</a></span></span>, the <a href="/wiki/Head_of_government" title="Head of government">head of government</a>. The government – also known as the <a href="/wiki/Cabinet_(government)" title="Cabinet (government)">cabinet</a> – is composed of <a href="/wiki/Minister_(government)" title="Minister (government)">ministers</a>, each of whom must be a member of the <span title="Irish-language text"><span lang="ga" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Oireachtas" title="Oireachtas">Oireachtas</a></span></span>, which consists of <span title="Irish-language text"><span lang="ga" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="/wiki/D%C3%A1il_%C3%89ireann" title="Dáil Éireann">Dáil Éireann</a></span></span> and <span title="Irish-language text"><span lang="ga" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Seanad_%C3%89ireann" title="Seanad Éireann">Seanad Éireann</a></span></span>. Most ministers have a <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/portfolio" class="extiw" title="wikt:portfolio">portfolio</a> of specific responsibilities such as <a href="/wiki/Department_of_State_(Ireland)" title="Department of State (Ireland)">departments</a> or <a href="/wiki/Government_policy" class="mw-redirect" title="Government policy">policy</a> areas, although ministers without portfolio can be appointed. </p><p>The Taoiseach must be <a href="/wiki/D%C3%A1il_vote_for_Taoiseach" title="Dáil vote for Taoiseach">nominated by the Dáil</a>, the house of representatives. Following the nomination of the <span title="Irish-language text"><span lang="ga" style="font-style: normal;">Dáil</span></span>, the <a href="/wiki/President_of_Ireland" title="President of Ireland">President of Ireland</a> appoints the <span title="Irish-language text"><span lang="ga" style="font-style: normal;">Taoiseach</span></span> to their role. The President also appoints members of the government, including the <span title="Irish-language text"><span lang="ga" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="/wiki/T%C3%A1naiste" title="Tánaiste">Tánaiste</a></span></span>, the deputy head of government, on the nomination of the <span title="Irish-language text"><span lang="ga" style="font-style: normal;">Taoiseach</span></span> and their approval by the <span title="Irish-language text"><span lang="ga" style="font-style: normal;">Dáil</span></span>. The government is dependent on the Oireachtas to pass <a href="/wiki/Primary_legislation" class="mw-redirect" title="Primary legislation">primary legislation</a> and as such, the government needs to command a majority in the <span title="Irish-language text"><span lang="ga" style="font-style: normal;">Dáil</span></span> in order to ensure support and confidence for budgets and government bills to pass. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/34th_Government_of_Ireland" class="mw-redirect" title="34th Government of Ireland">current government</a> entered office on 9 April 2024 with <a href="/wiki/Simon_Harris" title="Simon Harris">Simon Harris</a>, leader of <span title="Irish-language text"><span lang="ga" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Fine_Gael" title="Fine Gael">Fine Gael</a></span></span>, as <span title="Irish-language text"><span lang="ga" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Taoiseach" title="Taoiseach">Taoiseach</a></span></span>. The <span title="Irish-language text"><span lang="ga" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="/wiki/T%C3%A1naiste" title="Tánaiste">Tánaiste</a></span></span> is <a href="/wiki/Miche%C3%A1l_Martin" title="Micheál Martin">Micheál Martin</a>, leader of <span title="Irish-language text"><span lang="ga" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Fianna_F%C3%A1il" title="Fianna Fáil">Fianna Fáil</a></span></span>. It is a <a href="/wiki/Coalition_government" title="Coalition government">majority coalition</a> government of <span title="Irish-language text"><span lang="ga" style="font-style: normal;">Fianna Fáil</span></span>, <span title="Irish-language text"><span lang="ga" style="font-style: normal;">Fine Gael</span></span> and the <a href="/wiki/Green_Party_(Ireland)" title="Green Party (Ireland)">Green Party</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was formed after protracted government negotiations following a <a href="/wiki/2020_Irish_general_election" title="2020 Irish general election">general election</a> on 8 February 2020. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Government">Government</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Government_of_Ireland&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Government"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Membership of the cabinet is regulated by Article 28 of the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Ireland" title="Constitution of Ireland">Constitution of Ireland</a> and by the <a href="/wiki/Ministers_and_Secretaries_Acts" title="Ministers and Secretaries Acts">Ministers and Secretaries Acts 1924 to 2017</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ministers_act_1924_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ministers_act_1924-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Constitution requires the government to consist of between seven and fifteen members,<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> all of whom must be a member of the <a href="/wiki/Oireachtas" title="Oireachtas">Oireachtas</a>. </p><p>Since the formation of the <a href="/wiki/12th_Government_of_Ireland" class="mw-redirect" title="12th Government of Ireland">12th Government of Ireland</a> in 1966, all Irish cabinets have been formed with the constitutional maximum of fifteen ministers. The total sometimes falls below this number for brief periods following the resignation of individual ministers or the withdrawal of a party from a coalition. </p><p>No more than two members of the cabinet may be members of <span title="Irish-language text"><span lang="ga" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Seanad_%C3%89ireann" title="Seanad Éireann">Seanad Éireann</a></span></span>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> All other members of the cabinet must be members of <a href="/wiki/D%C3%A1il_%C3%89ireann" title="Dáil Éireann">Dáil Éireann</a>, the house of representatives. The <a href="/wiki/Taoiseach" title="Taoiseach">Taoiseach</a>, Tánaiste and <a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Finance_(Ireland)" title="Minister for Finance (Ireland)">Minister for Finance</a> must be members of the Dáil.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In practice, however, the members of the cabinet are invariably members of the Dáil. Since the adoption of the 1937 constitution, only two ministers have been appointed from the Seanad: <a href="/wiki/Se%C3%A1n_Moylan" title="Seán Moylan">Seán Moylan</a> who served in 1957 as <a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Agriculture,_Food_and_the_Marine" title="Minister for Agriculture, Food and the Marine">Minister for Agriculture</a> and <a href="/wiki/James_Dooge" title="James Dooge">James Dooge</a> who served as <a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Foreign_Affairs_(Ireland)" title="Minister for Foreign Affairs (Ireland)">Minister for Foreign Affairs</a> from 1981 to 1982.<sup id="cite_ref-otoole-dooney_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-otoole-dooney-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Connolly_(Irish_politician)" title="Joseph Connolly (Irish politician)">Joseph Connolly</a>, a member of the <a href="/wiki/Seanad_%C3%89ireann_(Irish_Free_State)" title="Seanad Éireann (Irish Free State)">Free State Seanad</a>, had served in the <a href="/wiki/Executive_Council_of_the_Irish_Free_State" title="Executive Council of the Irish Free State">Executive Council of the Irish Free State</a><sup id="cite_ref-otoole-dooney_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-otoole-dooney-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> from 1932 to 1933 as <a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Posts_and_Telegraphs" title="Minister for Posts and Telegraphs">Minister for Posts and Telegraphs</a>, and from 1933 to 1936 as <a href="/wiki/Minister_for_the_Environment,_Climate_and_Communications" title="Minister for the Environment, Climate and Communications">Minister for Lands and Fisheries</a>. </p><p>A member of the government in charge of a <a href="/wiki/Department_of_State_(Ireland)" title="Department of State (Ireland)">Department of State</a> is designated a minister of the Government (before 1977 this position was termed <i>Minister of State</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For distinction, <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_State_(Ireland)" title="Minister of State (Ireland)">Ministers of State</a> (known before 1977 as <a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_Secretaries" class="mw-redirect" title="Parliamentary Secretaries">Parliamentary Secretaries</a>) – informally called junior ministers – are not Ministers of the Government, but assist those Ministers in their Departments. A <a href="/wiki/Minister_without_portfolio#Ireland" title="Minister without portfolio">minister without portfolio</a> may be appointed to the Government who is not the head of a Department of State; this occurred during the period known in Ireland as <a href="/wiki/The_Emergency_(Ireland)" title="The Emergency (Ireland)">the Emergency</a> when <a href="/wiki/Frank_Aiken" title="Frank Aiken">Frank Aiken</a> served as <a href="/wiki/Minister_for_the_Co-ordination_of_Defensive_Measures" title="Minister for the Co-ordination of Defensive Measures">Minister for the Co-ordination of Defensive Measures</a> from 1939 until 1945.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The functions of government ministers are <a href="/wiki/Former_titles_of_Departments_of_State_(Ireland)" title="Former titles of Departments of State (Ireland)">frequently transferred between departments</a> during <a href="/wiki/Cabinet_reshuffle" title="Cabinet reshuffle">cabinet reshuffles</a> or after elections. On occasion, a department of state will cease to exist, its functions being transferred to another department. Such defunct ministerial positions include the Ministers for <a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Labour_(Ireland)" title="Minister for Labour (Ireland)">Labour</a>, <a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Posts_and_Telegraphs" title="Minister for Posts and Telegraphs">Posts and Telegraphs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Transport_(Ireland)" title="Minister for Transport (Ireland)">Public Service</a> and <a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Supplies" title="Minister for Supplies">Supplies</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Non-members_attending_cabinet">Non-members attending cabinet</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Government_of_Ireland&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Non-members attending cabinet"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Non-members have no voting rights at Cabinet but may otherwise participate fully, and normally receive circulated Cabinet papers on the same basis as a full member of Government. Votes are rare, however, with the cabinet usually following the Taoiseach or working by consensus. </p><p>The Government is advised by the <a href="/wiki/Attorney_General_of_Ireland" title="Attorney General of Ireland">Attorney General</a>, who is not formally a member of the Government, but who participates in cabinet meetings as part of their role as legal advisor to the Government. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_State_at_the_Department_of_the_Taoiseach" title="Minister of State at the Department of the Taoiseach">Chief Whip</a> may attend meetings of the cabinet, but is not a member of the Government.<sup id="cite_ref-juniorministers_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-juniorministers-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition, the Government can select other <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_State_(Ireland)" title="Minister of State (Ireland)">Ministers of State</a> who may attend cabinet meetings. Up to three Ministers of State who regularly attend cabinet meetings may receive an allowance.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This person is informally known as a "super junior minister".<sup id="cite_ref-juniorministers_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-juniorministers-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Currently <a href="/wiki/Jack_Chambers_(politician)" title="Jack Chambers (politician)">Jack Chambers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hildegarde_Naughton" title="Hildegarde Naughton">Hildegarde Naughton</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pippa_Hackett" title="Pippa Hackett">Pippa Hackett</a> are Ministers of State who attend cabinet.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Trinity_College_Dublin" title="Trinity College Dublin">Trinity College Dublin</a> law professor Oran Doyle has argued that this practice breaches <a href="/wiki/Seventeenth_Amendment_of_the_Constitution_of_Ireland" title="Seventeenth Amendment of the Constitution of Ireland">cabinet confidentiality as required by the Constitution</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Term_of_office">Term of office</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Government_of_Ireland&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Term of office"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A new government is formed by the Taoiseach appointed after each general election after receiving the <a href="/wiki/D%C3%A1il_vote_for_Taoiseach" title="Dáil vote for Taoiseach">nomination of the Dáil</a>. All members of the government are deemed to have resigned on the resignation of the Taoiseach. Therefore, a new government is appointed where there is a new Taoiseach within a single Dáil term. The Constitution allows a Dáil term of no more than seven years, but a shorter period may be specified by law; this has been set as a maximum of five years. The Taoiseach may at any time advise the President to <a href="/wiki/Dissolution_of_parliament" title="Dissolution of parliament">dissolve</a> the Dáil, prompting a new general election.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The President retains absolute discretion to refuse to grant a dissolution to a Taoiseach who has lost the confidence of the Dáil.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To date, no President has refused the request of a Taoiseach to dissolve the Dáil. </p><p>The Taoiseach must retain the confidence of Dáil Éireann to remain in office. If the Taoiseach ceases "to retain the support of a majority in Dáil Éireann", the Taoiseach must resign unless they seek a dissolution of the Dáil which is granted by the President. This applies only in cases of a <a href="/wiki/Confidence_motions_in_D%C3%A1il_%C3%89ireann" class="mw-redirect" title="Confidence motions in Dáil Éireann">motion of no confidence</a> or loss of supply (rejection of a budget), rather than the defeat of the government in other legislation or Dáil votes. </p><p>The Taoiseach can direct the President to <a href="/wiki/List_of_ministerial_resignations_and_terminations_of_appointment_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="List of ministerial resignations and terminations of appointment in the Republic of Ireland">dismiss or accept the resignation of individual ministers</a>. When the Taoiseach resigns, the entire Government is deemed to have resigned as a collective. However, in such a scenario, according to the Constitution, "the Taoiseach and the other members of the Government shall continue to carry on their duties until their successors shall have been appointed". </p><p>On the dissolution of Dáil Éireann, ministers are no longer members of the Oireachtas. However, the Constitution also provides that "the members of the Government in the office at the date of a dissolution of Dáil Éireann shall continue to hold office until their successors shall have been appointed".<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Caretaker_Government">Caretaker Government</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Government_of_Ireland&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Caretaker Government"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Where the resignation of the Taoiseach and government is not immediately followed by the appointment by the president of a new Taoiseach on the nomination of the Dáil, the outgoing government continues as a <a href="/wiki/Caretaker_government" title="Caretaker government">caretaker government</a> to "carry out their duties until their successors have been appointed". This has happened when no candidate was nominated for Taoiseach when the Dáil first assembled after a general election, or, on one occasion, where a Taoiseach had lost the confidence of the Dáil, but there was not a dissolution of the Dáil followed by a general election. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Date of resignation </th> <th>Taoiseach </th> <th>Caretaker government </th> <th>Date of new government </th> <th>Taoiseach </th> <th>Incoming government </th></tr> <tr> <td>26 June 1989<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Charles_Haughey" title="Charles Haughey">Charles Haughey</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/20th_Government_of_Ireland" class="mw-redirect" title="20th Government of Ireland">Fianna Fáil</a> </td> <td>12 July 1989<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>Charles Haughey </td> <td><a href="/wiki/21st_Government_of_Ireland" class="mw-redirect" title="21st Government of Ireland">Fianna Fáil–Progressive Democrats</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>14 December 1992<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Albert_Reynolds" title="Albert Reynolds">Albert Reynolds</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/22nd_Government_of_Ireland" class="mw-redirect" title="22nd Government of Ireland">Fianna Fáil</a> </td> <td>12 January 1993<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>Albert Reynolds </td> <td><a href="/wiki/23rd_Government_of_Ireland" class="mw-redirect" title="23rd Government of Ireland">Fianna Fáil–Labour</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>18 November 1994<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>Albert Reynolds </td> <td><a href="/wiki/23rd_Government_of_Ireland" class="mw-redirect" title="23rd Government of Ireland">Fianna Fáil</a> </td> <td>15 December 1994<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Bruton" title="John Bruton">John Bruton</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/24th_Government_of_Ireland" class="mw-redirect" title="24th Government of Ireland">Fine Gael–Labour–Democratic Left</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>10 March 2016<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Enda_Kenny" title="Enda Kenny">Enda Kenny</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_31st_D%C3%A1il" title="Government of the 31st Dáil">Fine Gael–Labour</a> </td> <td>6 May 2016<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>Enda Kenny </td> <td><a href="/wiki/30th_Government_of_Ireland" class="mw-redirect" title="30th Government of Ireland">Fine Gael–Independent</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>20 February 2020<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Leo_Varadkar" title="Leo Varadkar">Leo Varadkar</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/31st_Government_of_Ireland" class="mw-redirect" title="31st Government of Ireland">Fine Gael–Independent</a> </td> <td>27 June 2020<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Miche%C3%A1l_Martin" title="Micheál Martin">Micheál Martin</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/32nd_Government_of_Ireland" class="mw-redirect" title="32nd Government of Ireland">Fianna Fáil–Fine Gael–Green Party</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Authority_and_powers">Authority and powers</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Government_of_Ireland&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Authority and powers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Unlike the cabinets in other parliamentary systems, the Government is both the <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">de jure</i></span> and <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">de facto</i></span> executive authority in Ireland. In some other parliamentary regimes, the head of state is the nominal chief executive, though bound by convention to act on the advice of the cabinet. In Ireland, however, the Constitution explicitly vests executive authority in the Government, not the President. </p><p>The executive authority of the Government is subject to certain limitations. In particular: </p> <ul><li>The state may not <a href="/wiki/Declaration_of_war" title="Declaration of war">declare war</a>, or participate in a war, without the consent of the Dáil. In the case of "actual invasion", however, "the Government may take whatever steps they may consider necessary for the protection of the State".</li></ul> <p>Government ministers are collectively responsible for the actions of the government. Each minister is responsible for the actions of his or her department. Departments of State do not have legal personalities. Actions of departments are carried out under the title of ministers even, as is commonly the case when the minister has little knowledge of the details of these actions. This contradicts the rule in <a href="/wiki/Common_law" title="Common law">common law</a> that a person given a statutory power cannot delegate that power.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This leads to a phrase in correspondence by government departments, "the Minister has directed me to write", on letters or documents that the minister in question may never have seen. </p><p>If the Government, or any member of the government, should fail to fulfil its constitutional duties, it may be ordered to do so by a court of law, by a writ of <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la"><a href="/wiki/Mandamus" title="Mandamus">mandamus</a></i></span>. Ministers who fail to comply may, ultimately, be found to be in <a href="/wiki/Contempt_of_court" title="Contempt of court">contempt of court</a>, and even imprisoned. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Government_of_Ireland&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Prior to independence, the executive of the <a href="/wiki/Unilateral_declaration_of_independence" title="Unilateral declaration of independence">unilaterally declared</a> <a href="/wiki/Irish_Republic" title="Irish Republic">Irish Republic</a> was the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_D%C3%A1il_%C3%89ireann" title="Ministry of Dáil Éireann">Ministry of Dáil Éireann</a>. This was in operation from 1919 to 1922. After the approval of the <a href="/wiki/Anglo-Irish_Treaty" title="Anglo-Irish Treaty">Anglo-Irish Treaty</a> in January 1922, a <a href="/wiki/Provisional_Government_of_Ireland_(1922)" title="Provisional Government of Ireland (1922)">Provisional Government of Ireland</a> was established as the executive. The personnel of the Provisional Government overlapped with the Ministry of Dáil Éireann, but they were not identical. On the independence of the <a href="/wiki/Irish_Free_State" title="Irish Free State">Irish Free State</a> on 6 December 1922, both executives were succeeded by the <a href="/wiki/Executive_Council_of_the_Irish_Free_State" title="Executive Council of the Irish Free State">Executive Council of the Irish Free State</a>. On 29 December 1937, on the coming into force of the Constitution of Ireland, the Eighth Executive Council of the Irish Free State became the <a href="/wiki/1st_Government_of_Ireland" class="mw-redirect" title="1st Government of Ireland">First Government of Ireland</a>. </p><p>The detail and structure of the Government of Ireland has its legislative basis in the Ministers and Secretaries Act 1924; it has been amended on a number of occasions, and these may be cited together as the <a href="/wiki/Ministers_and_Secretaries_Acts" title="Ministers and Secretaries Acts">Ministers and Secretaries Acts 1924 to 2017</a> and are construed together as one Act. </p><p>All governments from 1989 to 2016 were <a href="/wiki/Coalition_government" title="Coalition government">coalitions</a> of two or more parties. The first coalition government was formed in 1948. The Taoiseach has almost always been the leader of the largest party in the coalition, with the exceptions of <a href="/wiki/John_A._Costello" title="John A. Costello">John A. Costello</a>, Taoiseach from 1948 to 1951 and from 1954 to 1957 (a member of <a href="/wiki/Fine_Gael" title="Fine Gael">Fine Gael</a> but not the party leader) and <a href="/wiki/Leo_Varadkar" title="Leo Varadkar">Leo Varadkar</a>, since 2022 (leader of Fine Gael, in a three-party coalition where Fianna Fáil is the largest party). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Public_service">Public service</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Government_of_Ireland&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Public service"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Public_service_of_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Public service of the Republic of Ireland">Public service of the Republic of Ireland</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gbuildings.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Gbuildings.jpg/220px-Gbuildings.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Gbuildings.jpg/330px-Gbuildings.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fc/Gbuildings.jpg 2x" data-file-width="350" data-file-height="262" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Government_Buildings" title="Government Buildings">Government Buildings</a> in Dublin.</figcaption></figure> <p>The public service in Ireland refers to the totality of <a href="/wiki/Public_administration" title="Public administration">public administration</a> in Ireland. As of Q3, 2016 the total number of employees in the Irish public service stands at 304,472 people. The <a href="/wiki/Department_of_Public_Expenditure,_National_Development_Plan_Delivery_and_Reform" title="Department of Public Expenditure, National Development Plan Delivery and Reform">Department of Public Expenditure, National Development Plan Delivery and Reform</a> defines the public service as comprising seven sectors: the <a href="/wiki/Civil_service_of_the_Republic_of_Ireland" class="mw-redirect" title="Civil service of the Republic of Ireland">Civil Service</a>, <a href="/wiki/Irish_Defence_Forces" class="mw-redirect" title="Irish Defence Forces">Defence Sector</a>, <a href="/wiki/Education_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Education in the Republic of Ireland">Education Sector</a>, <a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Healthcare in the Republic of Ireland">Health Sector</a>, <a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Law enforcement in the Republic of Ireland">Justice Sector</a>, <a href="/wiki/Local_government_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Local government in the Republic of Ireland">Local Authorities</a> and <a href="/wiki/State_Agencies_of_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="State Agencies of the Republic of Ireland">Non-Commercial State Agencies</a>; such as <a href="/wiki/Bord_Bia" title="Bord Bia">Bord Bia</a>, <a href="/wiki/IDA_Ireland" title="IDA Ireland">IDA Ireland</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Commission_for_Energy_Regulation" class="mw-redirect" title="Commission for Energy Regulation">Commission for Energy Regulation</a>. Commercial <a href="/wiki/State-sponsored_bodies_of_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="State-sponsored bodies of the Republic of Ireland">state-owned bodies</a> such as <a href="/wiki/RT%C3%89" title="RTÉ">RTÉ</a>, <a href="/wiki/ESB_Group" title="ESB Group">ESB Group</a> and <a href="/wiki/An_Post" title="An Post">An Post</a> are not considered part of the public service in Ireland. </p><p>The largest sector is the health sector with over 105,000 employees (largely in the <a href="/wiki/Health_Service_Executive" title="Health Service Executive">Health Service Executive</a>), followed by the education sector with approximately 98,450.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Public_service_employees">Public service employees</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Government_of_Ireland&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Public service employees"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Sector</th> <th>Employees </th></tr> <tr> <td>Civil Service</td> <td>37,523 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Defence Sector</td> <td>9,549 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Education Sector</td> <td>98,450 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Health Sector</td> <td>105,885 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Justice Sector</td> <td>13,261 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Local Authorities</td> <td>27,188 </td></tr> <tr> <td>NCSA</td> <td>12,616 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Total</td> <td>304,475 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Largest_single_public_sector_bodies_by_employees">Largest single public sector bodies by employees</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Government_of_Ireland&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Largest single public sector bodies by employees"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Agency/Body</th> <th>Employees </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Health_Service_Executive" title="Health Service Executive">Health Service Executive</a></td> <td>67,145 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Garda_S%C3%ADoch%C3%A1na" title="Garda Síochána">Garda Síochána</a></td> <td>13,261 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Defence_Forces_(Ireland)" title="Defence Forces (Ireland)">Irish Defence Forces</a></td> <td>9,549 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Revenue_Commissioners" title="Revenue Commissioners">Revenue Commissioners</a></td> <td>6,039 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Dublin_City_Council" title="Dublin City Council">Dublin City Council</a></td> <td>5,330 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Irish_Prison_Service" title="Irish Prison Service">Irish Prison Service</a></td> <td>3,247 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Civil_service">Civil service</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Government_of_Ireland&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Civil service"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Civil_service_of_the_Republic_of_Ireland" class="mw-redirect" title="Civil service of the Republic of Ireland">Civil service of the Republic of Ireland</a></div> <p>The civil service of Ireland consists of two broad components, the <i>Civil Service of the Government</i> and the <i>Civil Service of the State</i>. While this partition is largely theoretical, the two parts do have some fundamental operational differences. The civil service is expected to maintain political impartiality in its work, and some parts of it are entirely independent of Government decision making. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Current_government_of_Ireland">Current government of Ireland</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Government_of_Ireland&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Current government of Ireland"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/34th_government_of_Ireland" class="mw-redirect" title="34th government of Ireland">34th government of Ireland</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Simon_Harris" title="Simon Harris">Simon Harris</a> was nominated as Taoiseach by <a href="/wiki/D%C3%A1il_%C3%89ireann" title="Dáil Éireann">Dáil Éireann</a> on 9 April 2024 and appointed by the <a href="/wiki/President_of_Ireland" title="President of Ireland">president</a>. Harris proposed the nomination of the members of government, and after their approval by the Dáil, they were appointed by the president. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="6">Government ministers </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2">Office </th> <th>Name </th> <th colspan="2">Party </th></tr> <tr> <td><div class=""> <div style="width: 120px; height: 160px; overflow: hidden;"> <div style="position: relative; top: -0px; left: -5px; width: 125px"><div class="noresize"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Simon_Harris_at_the_Special_European_Council_-_2024_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Simon Harris at the Special European Council - 2024 (cropped).jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Simon_Harris_at_the_Special_European_Council_-_2024_%28cropped%29.jpg/125px-Simon_Harris_at_the_Special_European_Council_-_2024_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="125" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Simon_Harris_at_the_Special_European_Council_-_2024_%28cropped%29.jpg/188px-Simon_Harris_at_the_Special_European_Council_-_2024_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Simon_Harris_at_the_Special_European_Council_-_2024_%28cropped%29.jpg/250px-Simon_Harris_at_the_Special_European_Council_-_2024_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2572" data-file-height="3860" /></a></span></div></div> </div> </div> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Taoiseach" title="Taoiseach">Taoiseach</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Simon_Harris" title="Simon Harris">Simon Harris</a> </td> <td style="width: 2px; color:inherit; background-color: #6699FF;" data-sort-value="Fine Gael"> </td> <td scope="row" style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Fine_Gael" title="Fine Gael">Fine Gael</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><div class=""> <div style="width: 120px; height: 160px; overflow: hidden;"> <div style="position: relative; top: -0px; left: -0px; width: 120px"><div class="noresize"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Miche%C3%A1l_Martin_TD_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Micheál Martin TD (cropped).jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Miche%C3%A1l_Martin_TD_%28cropped%29.jpg/120px-Miche%C3%A1l_Martin_TD_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Miche%C3%A1l_Martin_TD_%28cropped%29.jpg/180px-Miche%C3%A1l_Martin_TD_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Miche%C3%A1l_Martin_TD_%28cropped%29.jpg/240px-Miche%C3%A1l_Martin_TD_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1410" data-file-height="1963" /></a></span></div></div> </div> </div> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/T%C3%A1naiste" title="Tánaiste">Tánaiste</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Foreign_Affairs_(Ireland)" title="Minister for Foreign Affairs (Ireland)">Minister for Foreign Affairs</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Defence_(Ireland)" title="Minister for Defence (Ireland)">Minister for Defence</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Miche%C3%A1l_Martin" title="Micheál Martin">Micheál Martin</a> </td> <td rowspan="2" style="width: 2px; color:inherit; background-color: #66BB66;" data-sort-value="Fianna Fáil"> </td> <td scope="row" rowspan="2" style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Fianna_F%C3%A1il" title="Fianna Fáil">Fianna Fáil</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><div class=""> <div style="width: 120px; height: 160px; overflow: hidden;"> <div style="position: relative; top: -0px; left: -0px; width: 120px"><div class="noresize"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Jack_Chambers,_15_July_2024_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Jack Chambers, 15 July 2024 (cropped).jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Jack_Chambers%2C_15_July_2024_%28cropped%29.jpg/120px-Jack_Chambers%2C_15_July_2024_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Jack_Chambers%2C_15_July_2024_%28cropped%29.jpg/180px-Jack_Chambers%2C_15_July_2024_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Jack_Chambers%2C_15_July_2024_%28cropped%29.jpg/240px-Jack_Chambers%2C_15_July_2024_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1621" data-file-height="2427" /></a></span></div></div> </div> </div> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Finance_(Ireland)" title="Minister for Finance (Ireland)">Minister for Finance</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jack_Chambers_(politician)" title="Jack Chambers (politician)">Jack Chambers</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><div class=""> <div style="width: 120px; height: 160px; overflow: hidden;"> <div style="position: relative; top: -0px; left: -10px; width: 140px"><div class="noresize"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Peter_Burke_politician.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Peter Burke politician.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Peter_Burke_politician.jpg/140px-Peter_Burke_politician.jpg" decoding="async" width="140" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Peter_Burke_politician.jpg/210px-Peter_Burke_politician.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Peter_Burke_politician.jpg/280px-Peter_Burke_politician.jpg 2x" data-file-width="340" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></div></div> </div> </div> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Enterprise,_Trade_and_Employment" title="Minister for Enterprise, Trade and Employment">Minister for Enterprise, Trade and Employment</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Peter_Burke_(politician)" title="Peter Burke (politician)">Peter Burke</a> </td> <td style="width: 2px; color:inherit; background-color: #6699FF;" data-sort-value="Fine Gael"> </td> <td scope="row" style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Fine_Gael" title="Fine Gael">Fine Gael</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><div class=""> <div style="width: 120px; height: 160px; overflow: hidden;"> <div style="position: relative; top: -0px; left: -0px; width: 120px"><div class="noresize"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Stephen_Donnelly_2016.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Stephen Donnelly 2016.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Stephen_Donnelly_2016.jpg/120px-Stephen_Donnelly_2016.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Stephen_Donnelly_2016.jpg/180px-Stephen_Donnelly_2016.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Stephen_Donnelly_2016.jpg/240px-Stephen_Donnelly_2016.jpg 2x" data-file-width="627" data-file-height="834" /></a></span></div></div> </div> </div> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Health_(Ireland)" title="Minister for Health (Ireland)">Minister for Health</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Donnelly" title="Stephen Donnelly">Stephen Donnelly</a> </td> <td rowspan="2" style="width: 2px; color:inherit; background-color: #66BB66;" data-sort-value="Fianna Fáil"> </td> <td scope="row" rowspan="2" style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Fianna_F%C3%A1il" title="Fianna Fáil">Fianna Fáil</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><div class=""> <div style="width: 120px; height: 160px; overflow: hidden;"> <div style="position: relative; top: -0px; left: -10px; width: 150px"><div class="noresize"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Norma_Foley.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Norma Foley.jpeg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Norma_Foley.jpeg/150px-Norma_Foley.jpeg" decoding="async" width="150" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Norma_Foley.jpeg/225px-Norma_Foley.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Norma_Foley.jpeg/300px-Norma_Foley.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="340" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></div></div> </div> </div> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Education_(Ireland)" title="Minister for Education (Ireland)">Minister for Education</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Norma_Foley" title="Norma Foley">Norma Foley</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><div class=""> <div style="width: 120px; height: 160px; overflow: hidden;"> <div style="position: relative; top: -0px; left: -0px; width: 120px"><div class="noresize"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Paschal_Donohoe,_March_2023_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Paschal Donohoe, March 2023 (cropped).jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Paschal_Donohoe%2C_March_2023_%28cropped%29.jpg/120px-Paschal_Donohoe%2C_March_2023_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Paschal_Donohoe%2C_March_2023_%28cropped%29.jpg/180px-Paschal_Donohoe%2C_March_2023_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Paschal_Donohoe%2C_March_2023_%28cropped%29.jpg/240px-Paschal_Donohoe%2C_March_2023_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1105" data-file-height="1473" /></a></span></div></div> </div> </div> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Public_Expenditure,_National_Development_Plan_Delivery_and_Reform" title="Minister for Public Expenditure, National Development Plan Delivery and Reform">Minister for Public Expenditure, National Development Plan Delivery and Reform</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Paschal_Donohoe" title="Paschal Donohoe">Paschal Donohoe</a> </td> <td style="width: 2px; color:inherit; background-color: #6699FF;" data-sort-value="Fine Gael"> </td> <td scope="row" style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Fine_Gael" title="Fine Gael">Fine Gael</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><div class=""> <div style="width: 120px; height: 160px; overflow: hidden;"> <div style="position: relative; top: -0px; left: -0px; width: 120px"><div class="noresize"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Darragh_O%27Brien,_December_2023_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Darragh O'Brien, December 2023 (cropped).jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Darragh_O%27Brien%2C_December_2023_%28cropped%29.jpg/120px-Darragh_O%27Brien%2C_December_2023_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Darragh_O%27Brien%2C_December_2023_%28cropped%29.jpg/180px-Darragh_O%27Brien%2C_December_2023_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Darragh_O%27Brien%2C_December_2023_%28cropped%29.jpg/240px-Darragh_O%27Brien%2C_December_2023_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="710" data-file-height="948" /></a></span></div></div> </div> </div> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Housing,_Local_Government_and_Heritage" title="Minister for Housing, Local Government and Heritage">Minister for Housing, Local Government and Heritage</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Darragh_O%27Brien" title="Darragh O'Brien">Darragh O'Brien</a> </td> <td rowspan="2" style="width: 2px; color:inherit; background-color: #66BB66;" data-sort-value="Fianna Fáil"> </td> <td scope="row" rowspan="2" style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Fianna_F%C3%A1il" title="Fianna Fáil">Fianna Fáil</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><div class=""> <div style="width: 120px; height: 160px; overflow: hidden;"> <div style="position: relative; top: -0px; left: -0px; width: 120px"><div class="noresize"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Charlie_McConalogue_Irish_Agriculture_Minister_-_USDA_photo_(52034112383).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Charlie McConalogue Irish Agriculture Minister - USDA photo (52034112383).jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Charlie_McConalogue_Irish_Agriculture_Minister_-_USDA_photo_%2852034112383%29.jpg/120px-Charlie_McConalogue_Irish_Agriculture_Minister_-_USDA_photo_%2852034112383%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Charlie_McConalogue_Irish_Agriculture_Minister_-_USDA_photo_%2852034112383%29.jpg/180px-Charlie_McConalogue_Irish_Agriculture_Minister_-_USDA_photo_%2852034112383%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Charlie_McConalogue_Irish_Agriculture_Minister_-_USDA_photo_%2852034112383%29.jpg/240px-Charlie_McConalogue_Irish_Agriculture_Minister_-_USDA_photo_%2852034112383%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2280" data-file-height="3420" /></a></span></div></div> </div> </div> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Agriculture,_Food_and_the_Marine" title="Minister for Agriculture, Food and the Marine">Minister for Agriculture, Food and the Marine</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Charlie_McConalogue" title="Charlie McConalogue">Charlie McConalogue</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><div class=""> <div style="width: 120px; height: 160px; overflow: hidden;"> <div style="position: relative; top: -0px; left: -0px; width: 120px"><div class="noresize"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Heather_Humphreys,_June_2019_01_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Heather Humphreys, June 2019 01 (cropped).jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Heather_Humphreys%2C_June_2019_01_%28cropped%29.jpg/120px-Heather_Humphreys%2C_June_2019_01_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Heather_Humphreys%2C_June_2019_01_%28cropped%29.jpg/180px-Heather_Humphreys%2C_June_2019_01_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Heather_Humphreys%2C_June_2019_01_%28cropped%29.jpg/240px-Heather_Humphreys%2C_June_2019_01_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1277" data-file-height="1700" /></a></span></div></div> </div> </div> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Social_Protection" title="Minister for Social Protection">Minister for Social Protection</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Rural_and_Community_Development" title="Minister for Rural and Community Development">Minister for Rural and Community Development</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Heather_Humphreys" title="Heather Humphreys">Heather Humphreys</a> </td> <td style="background-color: #6699FF;" rowspan="2"> </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Fine_Gael" title="Fine Gael">Fine Gael</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><div class=""> <div style="width: 120px; height: 160px; overflow: hidden;"> <div style="position: relative; top: -0px; left: -5px; width: 130px"><div class="noresize"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Patrick_O%27Donovan_2020.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Patrick O'Donovan 2020.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Patrick_O%27Donovan_2020.jpg/130px-Patrick_O%27Donovan_2020.jpg" decoding="async" width="130" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Patrick_O%27Donovan_2020.jpg/195px-Patrick_O%27Donovan_2020.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Patrick_O%27Donovan_2020.jpg/260px-Patrick_O%27Donovan_2020.jpg 2x" data-file-width="340" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></div></div> </div> </div> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Further_and_Higher_Education,_Research,_Innovation_and_Science" title="Minister for Further and Higher Education, Research, Innovation and Science">Minister for Further and Higher Education, Research, Innovation and Science</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Patrick_O%27Donovan" title="Patrick O'Donovan">Patrick O'Donovan</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><div class=""> <div style="width: 120px; height: 160px; overflow: hidden;"> <div style="position: relative; top: -0px; left: -0px; width: 120px"><div class="noresize"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Eamon_Ryan_2020_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Eamon Ryan 2020 (cropped).jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Eamon_Ryan_2020_%28cropped%29.jpg/120px-Eamon_Ryan_2020_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="178" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Eamon_Ryan_2020_%28cropped%29.jpg/180px-Eamon_Ryan_2020_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Eamon_Ryan_2020_%28cropped%29.jpg/240px-Eamon_Ryan_2020_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="448" data-file-height="664" /></a></span></div></div> </div> </div> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Minister_for_the_Environment,_Climate_and_Communications" title="Minister for the Environment, Climate and Communications">Minister for the Environment, Climate and Communications</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Transport_(Ireland)" title="Minister for Transport (Ireland)">Minister for Transport</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eamon_Ryan" title="Eamon Ryan">Eamon Ryan</a> </td> <td rowspan="3" style="width: 2px; color:inherit; background-color: #22AC6F;" data-sort-value="Green Party (Ireland)"> </td> <td scope="row" rowspan="3" style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Green_Party_(Ireland)" title="Green Party (Ireland)">Green</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><div class=""> <div style="width: 120px; height: 160px; overflow: hidden;"> <div style="position: relative; top: -0px; left: -15px; width: 150px"><div class="noresize"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Catherine_Martin_TD.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Catherine Martin TD.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Catherine_Martin_TD.jpg/150px-Catherine_Martin_TD.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Catherine_Martin_TD.jpg/225px-Catherine_Martin_TD.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Catherine_Martin_TD.jpg/300px-Catherine_Martin_TD.jpg 2x" data-file-width="340" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></div></div> </div> </div> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Tourism,_Culture,_Arts,_Gaeltacht,_Sport_and_Media" title="Minister for Tourism, Culture, Arts, Gaeltacht, Sport and Media">Minister for Tourism, Culture, Arts, Gaeltacht, Sport and Media</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Catherine_Martin_(politician)" title="Catherine Martin (politician)">Catherine Martin</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><div class=""> <div style="width: 120px; height: 160px; overflow: hidden;"> <div style="position: relative; top: -0px; left: -10px; width: 150px"><div class="noresize"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Roderic_O%27Gorman_(official_portrait)_2020.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Roderic O'Gorman (official portrait) 2020.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Roderic_O%27Gorman_%28official_portrait%29_2020.jpg/150px-Roderic_O%27Gorman_%28official_portrait%29_2020.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Roderic_O%27Gorman_%28official_portrait%29_2020.jpg/225px-Roderic_O%27Gorman_%28official_portrait%29_2020.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Roderic_O%27Gorman_%28official_portrait%29_2020.jpg/300px-Roderic_O%27Gorman_%28official_portrait%29_2020.jpg 2x" data-file-width="340" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></div></div> </div> </div> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Children,_Equality,_Disability,_Integration_and_Youth" title="Minister for Children, Equality, Disability, Integration and Youth">Minister for Children, Equality, Disability, Integration and Youth</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Roderic_O%27Gorman" title="Roderic O'Gorman">Roderic O'Gorman</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><div class=""> <div style="width: 120px; height: 160px; overflow: hidden;"> <div style="position: relative; top: -0px; left: -0px; width: 120px"><div class="noresize"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Helen_McEntee_in_2018.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Helen McEntee in 2018.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Helen_McEntee_in_2018.jpg/120px-Helen_McEntee_in_2018.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Helen_McEntee_in_2018.jpg/180px-Helen_McEntee_in_2018.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Helen_McEntee_in_2018.jpg/240px-Helen_McEntee_in_2018.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2428" data-file-height="3240" /></a></span></div></div> </div> </div> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Justice_(Ireland)" title="Minister for Justice (Ireland)">Minister for Justice</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Helen_McEntee" title="Helen McEntee">Helen McEntee</a> </td> <td style="width: 2px; color:inherit; background-color: #6699FF;" data-sort-value="Fine Gael"> </td> <td scope="row" style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Fine_Gael" title="Fine Gael">Fine Gael</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="6">Also attending cabinet </th></tr> <tr> <td><div class=""> <div style="width: 120px; height: 160px; overflow: hidden;"> <div style="position: relative; top: -0px; left: -10px; width: 140px"><div class="noresize"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hildegarde_Naughton_November_2018_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Hildegarde Naughton November 2018 (cropped).jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Hildegarde_Naughton_November_2018_%28cropped%29.jpg/140px-Hildegarde_Naughton_November_2018_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="140" height="187" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Hildegarde_Naughton_November_2018_%28cropped%29.jpg/210px-Hildegarde_Naughton_November_2018_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Hildegarde_Naughton_November_2018_%28cropped%29.jpg/280px-Hildegarde_Naughton_November_2018_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1116" data-file-height="1488" /></a></span></div></div> </div> </div> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_State_at_the_Department_of_the_Taoiseach" title="Minister of State at the Department of the Taoiseach">Government Chief Whip</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_State_at_the_Department_of_Education" title="Minister of State at the Department of Education">Minister of State at the Department of Education</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hildegarde_Naughton" title="Hildegarde Naughton">Hildegarde Naughton</a> </td> <td style="width: 2px; color:inherit; background-color: #6699FF;" data-sort-value="Fine Gael"> </td> <td scope="row" style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Fine_Gael" title="Fine Gael">Fine Gael</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><div class=""> <div style="width: 120px; height: 160px; overflow: hidden;"> <div style="position: relative; top: -0px; left: -10px; width: 140px"><div class="noresize"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Dara_Calleary,_November_2022_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Dara Calleary, November 2022 (cropped).jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Dara_Calleary%2C_November_2022_%28cropped%29.jpg/140px-Dara_Calleary%2C_November_2022_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="140" height="187" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Dara_Calleary%2C_November_2022_%28cropped%29.jpg/210px-Dara_Calleary%2C_November_2022_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Dara_Calleary%2C_November_2022_%28cropped%29.jpg/280px-Dara_Calleary%2C_November_2022_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1031" data-file-height="1375" /></a></span></div></div> </div> </div> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_State_at_the_Department_of_Enterprise,_Trade_and_Employment" title="Minister of State at the Department of Enterprise, Trade and Employment">Minister of State at the Department of Enterprise, Trade and Employment</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dara_Calleary" title="Dara Calleary">Dara Calleary</a> </td> <td style="width: 2px; color:inherit; background-color: #66BB66;" data-sort-value="Fianna Fáil"> </td> <td scope="row" style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Fianna_F%C3%A1il" title="Fianna Fáil">Fianna Fáil</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><div class=""> <div style="width: 120px; height: 160px; overflow: hidden;"> <div style="position: relative; top: -0px; left: -10px; width: 150px"><div class="noresize"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pippa_Hackett.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Pippa Hackett.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Pippa_Hackett.jpg/150px-Pippa_Hackett.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Pippa_Hackett.jpg/225px-Pippa_Hackett.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Pippa_Hackett.jpg/300px-Pippa_Hackett.jpg 2x" data-file-width="340" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></div></div> </div> </div> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_State_at_the_Department_of_Agriculture,_Food_and_the_Marine" title="Minister of State at the Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine">Minister of State at the Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pippa_Hackett" title="Pippa Hackett">Pippa Hackett</a> </td> <td style="width: 2px; color:inherit; background-color: #22AC6F;" data-sort-value="Green Party (Ireland)"> </td> <td scope="row" style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Green_Party_(Ireland)" title="Green Party (Ireland)">Green</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Government_of_Ireland&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Irish_cabinets_since_1919" title="Irish cabinets since 1919">Irish cabinets since 1919</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Politics of the Republic of Ireland">Politics of the Republic of Ireland</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Government_of_Ireland&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/cons/en/html#part3">"Constitution of Ireland, Article 13.1.1°"</a>. Irish Statute Book. 29 December 1937<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 January</span> 2023</span>. <q>The President shall, on the nomination of Dáil Éireann, appoint the Taoiseach, that is, the head of the Government or Prime Minister.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Constitution+of+Ireland%2C+Article+13.1.1%C2%B0&rft.pub=Irish+Statute+Book&rft.date=1937-12-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.irishstatutebook.ie%2Feli%2Fcons%2Fen%2Fhtml%23part3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGovernment+of+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gov.ie/en/help/departments/">"Departments"</a>. Government of Ireland. 19 December 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 January</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Departments&rft.pub=Government+of+Ireland&rft.date=2022-12-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gov.ie%2Fen%2Fhelp%2Fdepartments%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGovernment+of+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcGrath2022" class="citation web cs1">McGrath, Michael (27 September 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gov.ie/en/speech/e2483-statement-by-minister-mcgrath-on-budget-2023/">"Statement by Minister McGrath on Budget 2023"</a>. Government of Ireland<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 January</span> 2023</span>. <q>Overall, in 2023, I am providing €90.4 billion in public expenditure. €85.9 billion of this is core expenditure. This is facilitating a €5.8 billion expenditure budgetary package in 2023.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Statement+by+Minister+McGrath+on+Budget+2023&rft.pub=Government+of+Ireland&rft.date=2022-09-27&rft.aulast=McGrath&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gov.ie%2Fen%2Fspeech%2Fe2483-statement-by-minister-mcgrath-on-budget-2023%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGovernment+of+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThomas2020" class="citation news cs1">Thomas, Cónal (27 June 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thejournal.ie/fianna-fail-leader-micheal-martin-has-been-elected-taoiseach-5133786-Jun2020/">"Fianna Fáil leader Micheál Martin has been elected Taoiseach"</a>. <a href="/wiki/TheJournal.ie" title="TheJournal.ie">TheJournal.ie</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 June</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Fianna+F%C3%A1il+leader+Miche%C3%A1l+Martin+has+been+elected+Taoiseach&rft.date=2020-06-27&rft.aulast=Thomas&rft.aufirst=C%C3%B3nal&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thejournal.ie%2Ffianna-fail-leader-micheal-martin-has-been-elected-taoiseach-5133786-Jun2020%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGovernment+of+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ministers_act_1924-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ministers_act_1924_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/1924/en/act/pub/0016/sec0002.html">"Ministers and Secretaries Act, 1924 (Section 2 – Ministers to be corporations sole and to have certain powers.)"</a>. Attorney General of Ireland. 1924<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 January</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ministers+and+Secretaries+Act%2C+1924+%28Section+2+%E2%80%93+Ministers+to+be+corporations+sole+and+to+have+certain+powers.%29&rft.pub=Attorney+General+of+Ireland&rft.date=1924&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.irishstatutebook.ie%2F1924%2Fen%2Fact%2Fpub%2F0016%2Fsec0002.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGovernment+of+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Ireland" title="Constitution of Ireland">Constitution of Ireland</a>, <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Constitution_of_Ireland#THE_GOVERNMENT" class="extiw" title="s:Constitution of Ireland">Article 28.1</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Ireland" title="Constitution of Ireland">Constitution of Ireland</a>, <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Constitution_of_Ireland#THE_GOVERNMENT" class="extiw" title="s:Constitution of Ireland">Article 28.2.2</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Ireland" title="Constitution of Ireland">Constitution of Ireland</a>, <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Constitution_of_Ireland#THE_GOVERNMENT" class="extiw" title="s:Constitution of Ireland">Article 28.2.1</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-otoole-dooney-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-otoole-dooney_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-otoole-dooney_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFO'TooleDooney2009" class="citation book cs1">O'Toole, John; Dooney, Sean (24 July 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=EeX4AwAAQBAJ&pg=PT9"><i>Irish Government Today</i></a>. Gill & Macmillan Ltd. p. 9. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780717145522" title="Special:BookSources/9780717145522"><bdi>9780717145522</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Irish+Government+Today&rft.pages=9&rft.pub=Gill+%26+Macmillan+Ltd&rft.date=2009-07-24&rft.isbn=9780717145522&rft.aulast=O%27Toole&rft.aufirst=John&rft.au=Dooney%2C+Sean&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DEeX4AwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPT9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGovernment+of+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1977/act/28/section/4/enacted/en/html">"Ministers and Secretaries (Amendment) (No. 2) Act 1977 (Section 4 – Amendment of Interpretation Act 1937)"</a>. Attorney General of Ireland. 1977<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 June</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ministers+and+Secretaries+%28Amendment%29+%28No.+2%29+Act+1977+%28Section+4+%E2%80%93+Amendment+of+Interpretation+Act+1937%29&rft.pub=Attorney+General+of+Ireland&rft.date=1977&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.irishstatutebook.ie%2Feli%2F1977%2Fact%2F28%2Fsection%2F4%2Fenacted%2Fen%2Fhtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGovernment+of+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1939/act/36/section/4/enacted/en/html">"Ministers and Secretaries (Amendment) Act 1939 (Section 4 – Minister without portfolio)"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 January</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ministers+and+Secretaries+%28Amendment%29+Act+1939+%28Section+4+%E2%80%93+Minister+without+portfolio%29&rft.pub=Attorney+General+of+Ireland&rft.date=1939&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.irishstatutebook.ie%2Feli%2F1939%2Fact%2F36%2Fsection%2F4%2Fenacted%2Fen%2Fhtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGovernment+of+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-juniorministers-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-juniorministers_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-juniorministers_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121024160934/http://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/ireland/2011/0311/1224291883382.html">"The Appointments"</a>. <i>The Irish Times</i>. 11 March 2011. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 June</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=33rd+D%C3%A1il+elects+Miche%C3%A1l+Martin+as+new+Taoiseach&rft.date=2020-06-27&rft.aulast=McEnroe&rft.aufirst=Juno&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.irishexaminer.com%2Fbreakingnews%2Fireland%2Fwatch-micheal-martin-nominated-for-taoiseach-of-33rd-dail-1007831.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGovernment+of+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Devanney v. Shields</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bailii.org/ie/cases/IEHC/1997/167.html">[1997] IEHC 167</a>, [1998] 1 IR 230; [1998] 1 ILRM 81 (31 October 1997), <a href="/wiki/High_Court_(Ireland)" title="High Court (Ireland)">High Court</a> (Ireland)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="per_databank" class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://databank.per.gov.ie/Public_Service_Numbers.aspx?rep=SectorTrend">"Department of Public Expenditure & Reform – Databank – Public Service Numbers"</a>. <i>Department of Public Expenditure & Reform</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 January</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Department+of+Public+Expenditure+%26+Reform&rft.atitle=Department+of+Public+Expenditure+%26+Reform+%E2%80%93+Databank+%E2%80%93+Public+Service+Numbers&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdatabank.per.gov.ie%2FPublic_Service_Numbers.aspx%3Frep%3DSectorTrend&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGovernment+of+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Government_of_Ireland&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Government_of_Ireland" title="Template:Government of Ireland"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Government_of_Ireland" title="Template talk:Government of Ireland"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Government_of_Ireland" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Government of Ireland"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Government_of_Ireland" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Government of Ireland</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Political posts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Taoiseach" title="Taoiseach">Taoiseach <i>(prime minister)</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C3%A1naiste" title="Tánaiste">Tánaiste <i>(deputy prime minister)</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ministries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Agriculture,_Food_and_the_Marine" title="Minister for Agriculture, Food and the Marine">Agriculture, Food and the Marine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Children,_Equality,_Disability,_Integration_and_Youth" title="Minister for Children, Equality, Disability, Integration and Youth">Children, Equality, Disability, Integration and Youth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Defence_(Ireland)" title="Minister for Defence (Ireland)">Defence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Education_(Ireland)" title="Minister for Education (Ireland)">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Enterprise,_Trade_and_Employment" title="Minister for Enterprise, Trade and Employment">Enterprise, Trade and Employment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minister_for_the_Environment,_Climate_and_Communications" title="Minister for the Environment, Climate and Communications">Environment, Climate and Communications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Finance_(Ireland)" title="Minister for Finance (Ireland)">Finance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Foreign_Affairs_(Ireland)" title="Minister for Foreign Affairs (Ireland)">Foreign Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Further_and_Higher_Education,_Research,_Innovation_and_Science" title="Minister for Further and Higher Education, Research, Innovation and Science">Further and Higher Education, Research, Innovation and Science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Health_(Ireland)" title="Minister for Health (Ireland)">Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Housing,_Local_Government_and_Heritage" title="Minister for Housing, Local Government and Heritage">Housing, Local Government and Heritage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Justice_(Ireland)" title="Minister for Justice (Ireland)">Justice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Public_Expenditure,_National_Development_Plan_Delivery_and_Reform" title="Minister for Public Expenditure, National Development Plan Delivery and Reform">Public Expenditure, National Development Plan Delivery and Reform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Rural_and_Community_Development" title="Minister for Rural and Community Development">Rural and Community Development</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Social_Protection" title="Minister for Social Protection">Social Protection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Tourism,_Culture,_Arts,_Gaeltacht,_Sport_and_Media" title="Minister for Tourism, Culture, Arts, Gaeltacht, Sport and Media">Tourism, Culture, Arts, Gaeltacht, Sport and Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Transport_(Ireland)" title="Minister for Transport (Ireland)">Transport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former ministries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Minister_for_the_Co-ordination_of_Defensive_Measures" title="Minister for the Co-ordination of Defensive Measures">Co-ordination of Defensive Measures</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Economic_Affairs" title="Minister for Economic Affairs">Economic Affairs</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Fine_Arts" title="Minister for Fine Arts">Fine Arts</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Industries" title="Minister for Industries">Industries</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Labour_(Ireland)" title="Minister for Labour (Ireland)">Labour</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Posts_and_Telegraphs" title="Minister for Posts and Telegraphs">Posts and Telegraphs</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Publicity" title="Minister for Publicity">Publicity</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Supplies" title="Minister for Supplies">Supplies</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Irish_cabinets_since_1919" title="Irish cabinets since 1919">List of Governments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_State_at_the_Department_of_the_Taoiseach" title="Minister of State at the Department of the Taoiseach">Government Chief Whip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_female_cabinet_ministers_of_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="List of female cabinet ministers of the Republic of Ireland">Female cabinet ministers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_State_(Ireland)" title="Minister of State (Ireland)">Minister of State <i>(junior minister)</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_female_ministers_of_state_of_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="List of female ministers of state of the Republic of Ireland">Female Ministers of State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attorney_General_of_Ireland" title="Attorney General of Ireland">Attorney General</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Governments_of_Ireland" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Governments_of_Ireland" title="Template:Governments of Ireland"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Governments_of_Ireland" title="Template talk:Governments of Ireland"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Governments_of_Ireland" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Governments of Ireland"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Governments_of_Ireland" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Irish_cabinets_since_1919#Cabinets_since_1919" title="Irish cabinets since 1919">Governments of Ireland</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_D%C3%A1il_%C3%89ireann" title="Ministry of Dáil Éireann">Ministry of Dáil Éireann</a> (1919–1922)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_1st_D%C3%A1il#1st_ministry" title="Government of the 1st Dáil">Brugha</a></li> <li>De Valera <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_1st_D%C3%A1il#2nd_ministry" title="Government of the 1st Dáil">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_2nd_D%C3%A1il#3rd_ministry" title="Government of the 2nd Dáil">2</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_2nd_D%C3%A1il#4th_ministry" title="Government of the 2nd Dáil">Griffith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_3rd_D%C3%A1il#2nd_provisional_government_and_5th_ministry" title="Government of the 3rd Dáil">W. T. Cosgrave 1</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Provisional_Government_of_Ireland_(1922)" title="Provisional Government of Ireland (1922)">Provisional Government of Ireland</a> (1922)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_2nd_D%C3%A1il#1st_provisional_government" title="Government of the 2nd Dáil">Collins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_3rd_D%C3%A1il#2nd_provisional_government_and_5th_ministry" title="Government of the 3rd Dáil">W. T. Cosgrave 1</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Executive_Council_of_the_Irish_Free_State" title="Executive Council of the Irish Free State">Executive Council of the Irish Free State</a> (1922–1937)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>W. T. Cosgrave <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_3rd_D%C3%A1il#1st_executive_council_of_the_Irish_Free_State" title="Government of the 3rd Dáil">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_4th_D%C3%A1il" title="Government of the 4th Dáil">3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_5th_D%C3%A1il" title="Government of the 5th Dáil">4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_6th_D%C3%A1il#4th_executive_council_of_the_Irish_Free_State" title="Government of the 6th Dáil">5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_6th_D%C3%A1il#5th_executive_council_of_the_Irish_Free_State" title="Government of the 6th Dáil">6</a></li></ul></li> <li>De Valera <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_7th_D%C3%A1il" title="Government of the 7th Dáil">3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_8th_D%C3%A1il" title="Government of the 8th Dáil">4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_9th_D%C3%A1il#8th_executive_council_of_the_Irish_Free_State" title="Government of the 9th Dáil">5</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Government of Ireland</a> (1937–present)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>De Valera <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_9th_D%C3%A1il#1st_government_of_Ireland" title="Government of the 9th Dáil">6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_10th_D%C3%A1il" title="Government of the 10th Dáil">7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_11th_D%C3%A1il" title="Government of the 11th Dáil">8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_12th_D%C3%A1il" title="Government of the 12th Dáil">9</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_13th_D%C3%A1il" title="Government of the 13th Dáil">Costello 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_14th_D%C3%A1il" title="Government of the 14th Dáil">De Valera 10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_15th_D%C3%A1il" title="Government of the 15th Dáil">Costello 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_16th_D%C3%A1il#8th_government_of_Ireland" title="Government of the 16th Dáil">De Valera 11</a></li> <li>Lemass <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_16th_D%C3%A1il#9th_government_of_Ireland" title="Government of the 16th Dáil">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_17th_D%C3%A1il" title="Government of the 17th Dáil">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_18th_D%C3%A1il#11th_government_of_Ireland" title="Government of the 18th Dáil">3</a></li></ul></li> <li>Lynch <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_18th_D%C3%A1il#12th_government_of_Ireland" title="Government of the 18th Dáil">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_19th_D%C3%A1il" title="Government of the 19th Dáil">2</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_20th_D%C3%A1il" title="Government of the 20th Dáil">L. Cosgrave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_21st_D%C3%A1il#15th_government_of_Ireland" title="Government of the 21st Dáil">Lynch 3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_21st_D%C3%A1il#16th_government_of_Ireland" title="Government of the 21st Dáil">Haughey 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_22nd_D%C3%A1il" title="Government of the 22nd Dáil">FitzGerald 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_23rd_D%C3%A1il" title="Government of the 23rd Dáil">Haughey 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_24th_D%C3%A1il" title="Government of the 24th Dáil">FitzGerald 2</a></li> <li>Haughey <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_25th_D%C3%A1il" title="Government of the 25th Dáil">3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_26th_D%C3%A1il#21st_government_of_Ireland" title="Government of the 26th Dáil">4</a></li></ul></li> <li>Reynolds <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_26th_D%C3%A1il#22nd_government_of_Ireland" title="Government of the 26th Dáil">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/23rd_government_of_Ireland" title="23rd government of Ireland">2</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/24th_government_of_Ireland" title="24th government of Ireland">Bruton</a></li> <li>Ahern <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_28th_D%C3%A1il" title="Government of the 28th Dáil">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_29th_D%C3%A1il" title="Government of the 29th Dáil">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_30th_D%C3%A1il#27th_government_of_Ireland" title="Government of the 30th Dáil">3</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_30th_D%C3%A1il#28th_government_of_Ireland" title="Government of the 30th Dáil">Cowen</a></li> <li>Kenny <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_31st_D%C3%A1il" title="Government of the 31st Dáil">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_32nd_D%C3%A1il#30th_government_of_Ireland" title="Government of the 32nd Dáil">2</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_32nd_D%C3%A1il#31st_government_of_Ireland" title="Government of the 32nd Dáil">Varadkar 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_33rd_D%C3%A1il#32nd_government_of_Ireland" title="Government of the 33rd Dáil">Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_33rd_D%C3%A1il#33rd_government_of_Ireland" title="Government of the 33rd Dáil">Varadkar 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_33rd_D%C3%A1il#34th_government_of_Ireland" title="Government of the 33rd Dáil">Harris</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Formation, confidence and resignations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%A1il_vote_for_Taoiseach" title="Dáil vote for Taoiseach">Dáil vote for Taoiseach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Confidence_motions_in_D%C3%A1il_%C3%89ireann" class="mw-redirect" title="Confidence motions in Dáil Éireann">Confidence motions in Dáil Éireann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ministerial_resignations_and_terminations_of_appointment_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="List of ministerial resignations and terminations of appointment in the Republic of Ireland">Resignation and sackings of ministers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Departments_of_State_of_Ireland" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Irish_Government_Departments" title="Template:Irish Government Departments"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Irish_Government_Departments" title="Template talk:Irish Government Departments"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Irish_Government_Departments" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Irish Government Departments"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Departments_of_State_of_Ireland" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Department_of_State_(Ireland)" title="Department of State (Ireland)">Departments of State of Ireland</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Agriculture,_Food_and_the_Marine" title="Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine">Agriculture, Food and the Marine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Children,_Equality,_Disability,_Integration_and_Youth" title="Department of Children, Equality, Disability, Integration and Youth">Children, Equality, Disability, Integration and Youth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Defence_(Ireland)" title="Department of Defence (Ireland)">Defence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Education_(Ireland)" title="Department of Education (Ireland)">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Enterprise,_Trade_and_Employment" title="Department of Enterprise, Trade and Employment">Enterprise, Trade and Employment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_the_Environment,_Climate_and_Communications" title="Department of the Environment, Climate and Communications">Environment, Climate and Communications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Finance_(Ireland)" title="Department of Finance (Ireland)">Finance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Ireland)" title="Department of Foreign Affairs (Ireland)">Foreign Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Further_and_Higher_Education,_Research,_Innovation_and_Science" title="Department of Further and Higher Education, Research, Innovation and Science">Further and Higher Education, Research, Innovation and Science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Health_(Ireland)" title="Department of Health (Ireland)">Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Housing,_Local_Government_and_Heritage" title="Department of Housing, Local Government and Heritage">Housing, Local Government and Heritage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Justice_(Ireland)" title="Department of Justice (Ireland)">Justice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Public_Expenditure,_National_Development_Plan_Delivery_and_Reform" title="Department of Public Expenditure, National Development Plan Delivery and Reform">Public Expenditure, National Development Plan Delivery and Reform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Rural_and_Community_Development" title="Department of Rural and Community Development">Rural and Community Development</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Social_Protection" title="Department of Social Protection">Social Protection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_the_Taoiseach" title="Department of the Taoiseach">Taoiseach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Tourism,_Culture,_Arts,_Gaeltacht,_Sport_and_Media" title="Department of Tourism, Culture, Arts, Gaeltacht, Sport and Media">Tourism, Culture, Arts, Gaeltacht, Sport and Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Transport_(Ireland)" title="Department of Transport (Ireland)">Transport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Former_titles_of_Departments_of_State_(Ireland)" title="Former titles of Departments of State (Ireland)">Former titles of Departments</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="British–Irish_Council" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:British-Irish_Council" title="Template:British-Irish Council"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:British-Irish_Council" title="Template talk:British-Irish Council"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:British-Irish_Council" title="Special:EditPage/Template:British-Irish Council"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="British–Irish_Council" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/British%E2%80%93Irish_Council" title="British–Irish Council">British–Irish Council</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/Good_Friday_Agreement" title="Good Friday Agreement">Good Friday Agreement</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;">Member jurisdictions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bailiwick_of_Guernsey" title="Bailiwick of Guernsey">Guernsey</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Isle_of_Man" title="Isle of Man">Isle of Man</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jersey" title="Jersey">Jersey</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland" title="Northern Ireland">Northern Ireland</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland">Scotland</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Wales" title="Wales">Wales</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;">Member bodies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Government of the United Kingdom">Government of the United Kingdom</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Government of Ireland</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Policy_%26_Resources_Committee" title="Policy & Resources Committee">Policy and Resources Committee of Guernsey</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Isle_of_Man_Government" title="Isle of Man Government">Isle of Man Government</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Jersey" title="Government of Jersey">Government of Jersey</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_Executive" title="Northern Ireland Executive">Northern Ireland Executive</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Government" title="Scottish Government">Scottish Government</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Welsh_Government" title="Welsh Government">Welsh Government</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;">Work areas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Demography" title="Demography">Demography</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/EHealth" title="EHealth">eHealth</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Environmental_policy" title="Environmental policy">Environment</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Minority_language" title="Minority language">Indigenous, minority and lesser-used languages</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Knowledge_economy" title="Knowledge economy">Knowledge economy</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Substance_abuse" title="Substance abuse">Misuse of drugs</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Social_exclusion#Social_inclusion" title="Social exclusion">Social inclusion</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tourism" title="Tourism">Tourism</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Transport" title="Transport">Transport</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;">Representatives of states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Prime Minister of the United Kingdom">Prime Minister of the United Kingdom</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Taoiseach" title="Taoiseach">Taoiseach</a> (of Ireland)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Policy_and_Resources_Committee_of_Guernsey" title="President of the Policy and Resources Committee of Guernsey">President of the Policy and Resources Committee of Guernsey</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Chief_Minister_of_the_Isle_of_Man" class="mw-redirect" title="Chief Minister of the Isle of Man">Chief Minister of the Isle of Man</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Chief_Minister_of_Jersey" title="Chief Minister of Jersey">Chief Minister of Jersey</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/First_Minister_and_deputy_First_Minister_of_Northern_Ireland" class="mw-redirect" title="First Minister and deputy First Minister of Northern Ireland">First Minister and deputy First Minister of Northern Ireland</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/First_Minister_of_Scotland" title="First Minister of Scotland">First Minister of Scotland</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/First_Minister_of_Wales" title="First Minister of Wales">First Minister of Wales</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Governments_of_Europe" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Europe_topic" title="Template:Europe topic"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Europe_topic" title="Template talk:Europe topic"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Europe_topic" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Europe topic"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Governments_of_Europe" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Governments of Europe</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sovereign states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Albania" class="mw-redirect" title="Government of Albania">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Andorra" class="mw-redirect" title="Government of Andorra">Andorra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Armenia" title="Government of Armenia">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Austria" title="Government of Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Azerbaijan" class="mw-redirect" title="Government of Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Belarus" title="Government of Belarus">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Belgium" class="mw-redirect" title="Government of Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" class="mw-redirect" title="Government of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Bulgaria" title="Government of Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Croatia" title="Government of Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Cyprus" class="mw-redirect" title="Government of Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_Czech_Republic" title="Government of the Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Denmark" class="mw-redirect" title="Government of Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Estonia" title="Government of Estonia">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Finland" class="mw-redirect" title="Government of Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_France" title="Government of France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Georgia_(country)" title="Government of Georgia (country)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Germany" class="mw-redirect" title="Government of Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Greece" title="Government of Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Hungary" title="Government of Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Iceland" class="mw-redirect" title="Government of Iceland">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_Republic_of_Ireland" class="mw-redirect" title="Government of the Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Italy" title="Government of Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Kazakhstan" title="Government of Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Latvia" title="Government of Latvia">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Liechtenstein" class="mw-redirect" title="Government of Liechtenstein">Liechtenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Lithuania" title="Government of Lithuania">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Luxembourg" class="mw-redirect" title="Government of Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Malta" title="Government of Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Moldova" title="Government of Moldova">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Monaco" class="mw-redirect" title="Government of Monaco">Monaco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Montenegro" title="Government of Montenegro">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_Netherlands" class="mw-redirect" title="Government of the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_North_Macedonia" class="mw-redirect" title="Government of North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Norway" class="mw-redirect" title="Government of Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Poland" class="mw-redirect" title="Government of Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Portugal" title="Government of Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Romania" title="Government of Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Russia" title="Government of Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_San_Marino" class="mw-redirect" title="Government of San Marino">San Marino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Serbia" title="Government of Serbia">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Slovakia" title="Government of Slovakia">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Slovenia" title="Government of Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Spain" title="Government of Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Sweden" title="Government of Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Switzerland" class="mw-redirect" title="Government of Switzerland">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Turkey" title="Government of Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Ukraine" title="Government of Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Government of the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Vatican_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Government of Vatican City">Vatican City</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">States with limited<br />recognition</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Abkhazia" class="mw-redirect" title="Government of Abkhazia">Abkhazia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Kosovo" title="Government of Kosovo">Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Northern_Cyprus" class="mw-redirect" title="Government of Northern Cyprus">Northern Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_South_Ossetia" title="Government of South Ossetia">South Ossetia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Transnistria" title="Government of Transnistria">Transnistria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dependencies and<br />other entities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_%C3%85land" title="Government of Åland">Åland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_Faroe_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Government of the Faroe Islands">Faroe Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Gibraltar" title="Government of Gibraltar">Gibraltar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Guernsey" class="mw-redirect" title="Government of Guernsey">Guernsey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_Isle_of_Man" class="mw-redirect" title="Government of the Isle of Man">Isle of Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Jersey" title="Government of Jersey">Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Svalbard" class="mw-redirect" title="Government of Svalbard">Svalbard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other entities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_European_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="Government of the European Union">European Union</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1672817#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1672817#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1672817#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000403716733">ISNI</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Ireland_topics" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ireland_topics" title="Template:Ireland topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ireland_topics" title="Template talk:Ireland topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ireland_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ireland topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Ireland_topics" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Ireland" title="Ireland">Ireland</a> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Ireland-related_topics" title="List of Ireland-related topics">topics</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland">Republic of Ireland</a> <a href="/wiki/Outline_of_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Outline of the Republic of Ireland">topics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland" title="Northern Ireland">Northern Ireland</a> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Northern_Ireland%E2%80%93related_topics" title="List of Northern Ireland–related topics">topics</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="History" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Ireland" title="History of Ireland">History</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.25em"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Irish_history" title="Timeline of Irish history">Timeline</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_Ireland" title="Prehistoric Ireland">Prehistory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protohistory_of_Ireland" title="Protohistory of Ireland">Protohistory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Ireland_(400%E2%80%93800)" class="mw-redirect" title="History of Ireland (400–800)">Early history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaelic_Ireland" title="Gaelic Ireland">Gaelic Ireland</a> / <a href="/wiki/Lordship_of_Ireland" title="Lordship of Ireland">Lordship of Ireland</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Ireland_(800%E2%80%931169)" class="mw-redirect" title="History of Ireland (800–1169)">800–1169</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Ireland_(1169%E2%80%931536)" title="History of Ireland (1169–1536)">1169–1536</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Ireland" title="Kingdom of Ireland">Kingdom of Ireland</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Ireland_(1536%E2%80%931691)" title="History of Ireland (1536–1691)">1536–1691</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Ireland_(1691%E2%80%931800)" title="History of Ireland (1691–1800)">1691–1800</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_of_Great_Britain_and_Ireland" title="United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland">United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Ireland_(1801%E2%80%931923)" title="History of Ireland (1801–1923)">1801–1923</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Republic" title="Irish Republic">Irish Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Ireland_(1921%E2%80%931922)" title="Southern Ireland (1921–1922)">Southern Ireland (1921–1922)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland" title="Northern Ireland">Northern Ireland</a> (1921–present)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Northern_Ireland" title="History of Northern Ireland">since 1922</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Free_State" title="Irish Free State">Irish Free State (1922–1937)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="History of the Republic of Ireland">Ireland (since 1922)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.25em">Events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tara_(Ireland)" title="Battle of Tara (Ireland)">Battles of Tara</a> / <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Glenmama" title="Battle of Glenmama">Glenmama</a> / <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Clontarf" title="Battle of Clontarf">Clontarf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Norman_invasion_of_Ireland" title="Anglo-Norman invasion of Ireland">Norman invasion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruce_campaign_in_Ireland" title="Bruce campaign in Ireland">Bruce campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Death" title="Black Death">Black Death</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tudor_conquest_of_Ireland" title="Tudor conquest of Ireland">Tudor conquest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desmond_Rebellions" title="Desmond Rebellions">Desmond Rebellions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Armada_in_Ireland" title="Spanish Armada in Ireland">Spanish Armada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nine_Years%27_War_(Ireland)" title="Nine Years' War (Ireland)">Tyrone's Rebellion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flight_of_the_Earls" title="Flight of the Earls">Flight of the Earls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plantation_of_Ulster" title="Plantation of Ulster">Plantation of Ulster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Rebellion_of_1641" title="Irish Rebellion of 1641">1641 Rebellion</a> / <a href="/wiki/Irish_Confederate_Wars" title="Irish Confederate Wars">Confederate War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cromwellian_conquest_of_Ireland" title="Cromwellian conquest of Ireland">Cromwellian conquest</a> / <a href="/wiki/Act_for_the_Settlement_of_Ireland_1652" title="Act for the Settlement of Ireland 1652">Settlement of 1652</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Williamite_War_in_Ireland" title="Williamite War in Ireland">Williamite War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penal_laws_(Ireland)" title="Penal laws (Ireland)">Penal Laws</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Famine_(1740%E2%80%931741)" title="Irish Famine (1740–1741)">First Great Famine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Rebellion_of_1798" title="Irish Rebellion of 1798">1798 Rebellion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acts_of_Union_1800" title="Acts of Union 1800">Act of Union (1800)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_rebellion_of_1803" title="Irish rebellion of 1803">1803 Rebellion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tithe_War" title="Tithe War">Tithe War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Famine_(Ireland)" title="Great Famine (Ireland)">Second Great Famine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_War" title="Land War">Land War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fenian_Rising" title="Fenian Rising">Fenian Rising</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dublin_lock-out" title="Dublin lock-out">Dublin lock-out</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Ireland_Act_1914" title="Government of Ireland Act 1914">Home Rule crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Easter_Rising" title="Easter Rising">Easter Rising</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_War_of_Independence" title="Irish War of Independence">War of Independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Irish_Treaty" title="Anglo-Irish Treaty">Anglo-Irish Treaty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Civil_War" title="Irish Civil War">Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Emergency_(Ireland)" title="The Emergency (Ireland)">The Emergency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_campaign_(Irish_Republican_Army)" title="Northern campaign (Irish Republican Army)">IRA Northern Campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Border_campaign_(Irish_Republican_Army)" title="Border campaign (Irish Republican Army)">IRA Border Campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Troubles" title="The Troubles">The Troubles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_peace_process" title="Northern Ireland peace process">Peace process</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Economy of the Republic of Ireland">Economy of the Republic of Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celtic_Tiger" title="Celtic Tiger">Celtic Tiger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-2008_Irish_economic_downturn" title="Post-2008 Irish economic downturn">Post-2008 Irish economic downturn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-2008_Irish_banking_crisis" title="Post-2008 Irish banking crisis">Post-2008 Irish banking crisis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.25em">Other topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_conflicts_in_Ireland" title="List of conflicts in Ireland">List of conflicts in Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ancient_Celtic_peoples_and_tribes#Goidels_/_Gaels_/_Hibernians" title="List of ancient Celtic peoples and tribes">List of Irish tribes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Irish_kingdoms" title="List of Irish kingdoms">List of Irish kingdoms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_High_Kings_of_Ireland" title="List of High Kings of Ireland">List of High Kings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaelic_Ireland#Dress" title="Gaelic Ireland">Gaelic clothing and fashion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="List of World Heritage Sites in the Republic of Ireland">List of World Heritage Sites in the Republic of Ireland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Geography" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Ireland" title="Geography of Ireland">Geography</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.25em">Natural</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Ireland" title="Climate of Ireland">Climate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_change_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Climate change in the Republic of Ireland">Climate change</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coastal_landforms_of_Ireland" title="Coastal landforms of Ireland">Coastline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extreme_points_of_Ireland" title="Extreme points of Ireland">Extreme points</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fauna_of_Ireland" title="Fauna of Ireland">Fauna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Ireland" title="List of islands of Ireland">Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_loughs_of_Ireland" title="List of loughs of Ireland">Loughs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_mountains_in_Ireland" title="Lists of mountains in Ireland">Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rivers_of_Ireland" title="Rivers of Ireland">Rivers</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_Ireland" title="List of rivers of Ireland">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_national_parks_of_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="List of national parks of the Republic of Ireland">List of national parks of the Republic of Ireland</a> / <a href="/wiki/National_parks_of_the_United_Kingdom#National_parks_in_Northern_Ireland" title="National parks of the United Kingdom">in Northern Ireland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.25em">Human</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_Ireland" title="Architecture of Ireland">Architecture</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_buildings_in_Ireland" title="List of buildings in Ireland">Notable buildings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tallest_structures_in_Ireland" title="List of tallest structures in Ireland">Tallest buildings and structures</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_status_in_Ireland" title="City status in Ireland">Cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Counties_of_Ireland" title="Counties of Ireland">Counties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Demographics of the Republic of Ireland">Demographics of the Republic of Ireland</a> / <a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Northern_Ireland" title="Demographics of Northern Ireland">of Northern Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ports_in_Ireland" title="List of ports in Ireland">Ports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Ireland" title="Provinces of Ireland">Provinces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland%E2%80%93United_Kingdom_border" title="Republic of Ireland–United Kingdom border">ROI–UK border</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_towns_in_Ireland" title="Lists of towns in Ireland">Towns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Tourism in the Republic of Ireland">Tourism in the Republic of Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tourist_attractions_in_Ireland" title="List of tourist attractions in Ireland">Tourist attractions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Ireland" title="Transport in Ireland">Transport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Politics" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Politics of the Republic of Ireland">Politics</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.25em">Ideologies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Irish_nationalism" title="Irish nationalism">Nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_republicanism" title="Irish republicanism">Republicanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulster_loyalism" title="Ulster loyalism">Ulster loyalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unionism_in_Ireland" title="Unionism in Ireland">Unionism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.25em"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Politics of the Republic of Ireland">Republic of Ireland</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Ireland" title="Constitution of Ireland">Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Economy of the Republic of Ireland">Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Education in the Republic of Ireland">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Ireland" title="Foreign relations of Ireland">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Government</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Local_government_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Local government in the Republic of Ireland">local</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Law of the Republic of Ireland">Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in the Republic of Ireland">LGBT rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oireachtas" title="Oireachtas"><i>Oireachtas</i> <span style="font-size:85%;">parliament</span></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%A1il_%C3%89ireann" title="Dáil Éireann"><i>Dáil Éireann</i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(lower house)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seanad_%C3%89ireann" title="Seanad Éireann"><i>Seanad Éireann</i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(upper house)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Ireland" title="President of Ireland">President</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxation_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Taxation in the Republic of Ireland">Taxation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.25em"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Northern_Ireland" title="Politics of Northern Ireland">Northern Ireland</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_Assembly" title="Northern Ireland Assembly">Assembly</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/D%27Hondt_method" title="D'Hondt method">D'Hondt method</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Northern_Ireland" title="Economy of Northern Ireland">Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Northern_Ireland" title="Education in Northern Ireland">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_Executive" title="Northern Ireland Executive">Government</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Local_government_in_Northern_Ireland" title="Local government in Northern Ireland">local</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Northern_Ireland" title="LGBT rights in Northern Ireland">LGBT rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_peace_process" title="Northern Ireland peace process">Peace process</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Culture" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Ireland" title="Culture of Ireland">Culture</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.25em"><a href="/wiki/Irish_cuisine" title="Irish cuisine">Cuisine</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Food</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Irish_dishes" title="List of Irish dishes">List of dishes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barmbrack" title="Barmbrack">Barmbrack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bacon_and_cabbage" title="Bacon and cabbage">Bacon and cabbage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boxty" title="Boxty">Boxty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Champ_(food)" title="Champ (food)">Champ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coddle" title="Coddle">Coddle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colcannon" title="Colcannon">Colcannon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drisheen" title="Drisheen">Drisheen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Full_breakfast#Ireland" title="Full breakfast">Irish fry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skirts_and_kidneys" title="Skirts and kidneys">Skirts and kidneys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soda_bread" title="Soda bread">Soda bread</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spice_bag" title="Spice bag">Spice Bag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_stew" title="Irish stew">Stew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3-in-1_(fast_food_dish)" title="3-in-1 (fast food dish)">Three-in-One</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Drinks</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Irish_coffee" title="Irish coffee">Coffee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_cream" title="Irish cream">Cream</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guinness" title="Guinness">Guinness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Mist" title="Irish Mist">Mist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poit%C3%ADn" title="Poitín">Poitín</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_breakfast_tea" title="Irish breakfast tea">Tea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_whiskey" title="Irish whiskey">Whiskey</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.25em"><a href="/wiki/Irish_dance" title="Irish dance">Dance</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jig" title="Jig">Jig</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sean-n%C3%B3s_dance" title="Sean-nós dance">Sean-nós</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_set_dancing" title="Irish set dancing">Set dancing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_stepdance" title="Irish stepdance">Stepdance</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.25em">Festivals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Imbolc" title="Imbolc">Imbolc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Patrick%27s_Day" title="Saint Patrick's Day">Saint Patrick's Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beltane" title="Beltane">Bealtaine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Twelfth" title="The Twelfth">The Twelfth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lughnasadh" title="Lughnasadh">Lúnasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rose_of_Tralee_(festival)" title="Rose of Tralee (festival)">Rose of Tralee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samhain" title="Samhain">Samhain</a> / <a href="/wiki/Halloween" title="Halloween">Halloween</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wren_Day" title="Wren Day">Wren Day</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.25em"><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Ireland" title="Languages of Ireland">Languages</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hiberno-English" title="Hiberno-English">Hiberno-English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_language" title="Irish language">Irish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shelta" title="Shelta">Shelta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulster_Scots_dialect" title="Ulster Scots dialect">Ulster Scots</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.25em"><a href="/wiki/Irish_literature" title="Irish literature">Literature</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Irish_annals" title="Irish annals">Annals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_prose_fiction" title="Irish prose fiction">Fiction</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Modern_literature_in_Irish" title="Modern literature in Irish">Gaeilge</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_poetry" title="Irish poetry">Poetry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_theatre" title="Irish theatre">Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triads_of_Ireland" title="Triads of Ireland">Triads</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.25em"><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Ireland" title="Music of Ireland">Music</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Irish_ballads" title="List of Irish ballads">Ballads</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/C%C3%A8ilidh" title="Cèilidh">Céilí</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_traditional_music" title="Irish traditional music">Folk music</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Irish_traditional_music_session" title="Irish traditional music session">session</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Irish_musical_instruments" title="Category:Irish musical instruments">Instruments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_music_in_Ireland" title="Rock music in Ireland">Rock music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Irish_singing" title="Traditional Irish singing">Traditional singing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.25em"><a href="/wiki/Irish_mythology" title="Irish mythology">Mythology</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Irish_mythology#Mythological_cycle" title="Irish mythology">Cycles</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mythological_Cycle" title="Mythological Cycle">Mythological</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fenian_Cycle" title="Fenian Cycle">Fenian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulster_Cycle" title="Ulster Cycle">Ulster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cycles_of_the_Kings" title="Cycles of the Kings">Kings</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Aos_S%C3%AD" title="Aos Sí">Aos Sí</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Echtra" title="Echtra">Echtrai</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Immram" title="Immram">Immrama</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tuatha_D%C3%A9_Danann" title="Tuatha Dé Danann">Tuatha Dé Danann</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Firbolg" class="mw-redirect" title="Firbolg">Firbolg</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fomorians" title="Fomorians">Fomorians</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Irish_legendary_creatures" title="Category:Irish legendary creatures">Legendary creatures</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.25em"><a href="/wiki/Irish_people" title="Irish people">People</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Irish_people" title="Irish people">Irish people</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Irish_people" title="List of Irish people">List of Irish people</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_diaspora" title="Irish diaspora">Irish diaspora</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Irish_people" title="Anglo-Irish people">Anglo-Irish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaels" title="Gaels">Gaels</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gaelic_Ireland" title="Gaelic Ireland">Gaelic Ireland</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Normans_in_Ireland" title="Normans in Ireland">Hiberno-Normans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Travellers" title="Irish Travellers">Travellers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulster_Scots_people" title="Ulster Scots people">Ulster Scots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yola_people" title="Yola people">Yola</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Immigration_to_the_Republic_of_Ireland" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Immigration_to_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Template:Immigration to the Republic of Ireland"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Immigration_to_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Template talk:Immigration to the Republic of Ireland"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Immigration_to_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Immigration to the Republic of Ireland"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Immigration_to_the_Republic_of_Ireland" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_the_Republic_of_Ireland#Immigration" title="Demographics of the Republic of Ireland">Immigration to the Republic of Ireland</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Americans_in_Ireland" title="Americans in Ireland">Americans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazilians_in_Ireland" title="Brazilians in Ireland">Brazilians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_people_in_Ireland" title="Chinese people in Ireland">Chinese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filipinos_in_Ireland" title="Filipinos in Ireland">Filipinos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithuanians_in_Ireland" title="Lithuanians in Ireland">Lithuanians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nigerians_in_Ireland" title="Nigerians in Ireland">Nigerians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Asian_people_in_Ireland" class="mw-redirect" title="South Asian people in Ireland">South Asians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_minority_in_Ireland" title="Polish minority in Ireland">Poles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_people_in_Ireland" title="Romani people in Ireland">Romani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Ireland" title="Turks in Ireland">Turks</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Demographics of the Republic of Ireland">Demographics of the Republic of Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Naturalisation_and_Immigration_Service" title="Irish Naturalisation and Immigration Service">Irish Naturalisation and Immigration Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stamp_4" title="Stamp 4">Stamp 4</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.25em"><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_Ireland" title="Sport in Ireland">Sport</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Association_football_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Association football in the Republic of Ireland">Association football in the Republic of Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Association_football_in_Northern_Ireland" title="Association football in Northern Ireland">Association football in Northern Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camogie" title="Camogie">Camogie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaelic_football" title="Gaelic football">Gaelic football</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaelic_handball" title="Gaelic handball">Gaelic handball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurling" title="Hurling">Hurling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_martial_arts" title="Irish martial arts">Martial arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_road_bowling" title="Irish road bowling">Road bowling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rounders" title="Rounders">Rounders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rugby_union_in_Ireland" title="Rugby union in Ireland">Rugby union</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.25em"><a href="/wiki/Category:National_symbols_of_Ireland" title="Category:National symbols of Ireland">Symbols</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brigid%27s_cross" title="Brigid's cross">Brighid's Cross</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Celtic_harp" title="Celtic harp">Cláirseach</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armorial_of_Ireland" title="Armorial of Ireland">County coats of arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_flags_of_Ireland" title="List of flags of Ireland">Flags</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_flags_issue" title="Northern Ireland flags issue">Northern Ireland flags issue</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Wolfhound" title="Irish Wolfhound">Irish Wolfhound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Ireland" title="Coat of arms of Ireland">National coat of arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Hand_of_Ulster" title="Red Hand of Ulster">Red Hand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shamrock" title="Shamrock">Shamrock</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.25em">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Irish_calendar" title="Irish calendar">Calendar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_castles_in_Ireland" title="List of castles in Ireland">Castles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Ireland" title="Cinema of Ireland">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="List of World Heritage Sites in the Republic of Ireland">Heritage Sites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_historic_houses_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="List of historic houses in the Republic of Ireland">Historic houses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_Ireland" title="Homelessness in Ireland">Homelessness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_media_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Mass media in the Republic of Ireland">Mass media (Republic)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_monastic_houses_in_Ireland" title="List of monastic houses in Ireland">Monastic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_name" title="Irish name">Names</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_names_in_Ireland" title="Place names in Ireland">Place names</a> / <a href="/wiki/List_of_Irish_place_names_in_other_countries" title="List of Irish place names in other countries">outside Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Prostitution in the Republic of Ireland">Prostitution (Republic)</a> / <a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Northern_Ireland" title="Prostitution in Northern Ireland">in Northern Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Public holidays in the Republic of Ireland">Public holidays in the Republic of Ireland</a> / <a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_the_United_Kingdom#Dates_in_England,_Northern_Ireland,_and_Wales" title="Public holidays in the United Kingdom">in Northern Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_pub" title="Irish pub">Public houses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Squatting_in_Ireland" title="Squatting in Ireland">Squatting</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td 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