CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE HTML><html class="no-js " lang="en-SG"><head><meta charset="utf-8"/><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"/><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><link rel="preconnect" href="//assets.adobedtm.com"><link rel="preconnect" href="//www.googletagmanager.com"><link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//sstats.mt.com"><link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//cdn.debugbear.com"><link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//rum-agent.na-01.cloud.solarwinds.com"><link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//script.crazyegg.com"><meta name="shenma-site-verification" content="140c9c67b1f911e98261da9e4d8e8dc6_1631629856"/><meta name="google-site-verification" content="NoX-5JzGpA7sd9ND85tj0aKrJIE0NxnJ21FMiFPII-o"/><meta name="google-site-verification" content="XhXpaVIemfKRixn3TG2U4cvG-Q6AT8UmSR7BjX9Rvxw"/><meta name="copyright" content="Mettler-Toledo International Inc. all rights reserved"/><meta name="publisher" content="Mettler-Toledo International Inc. all rights reserved"/><meta name="author" content="Mettler-Toledo International Inc. all rights reserved"/><meta name="date" content="Feb 7, 2025"/><meta name="mt_template" content='mt/templates/applicationfamily2'/><meta name="liveperson" content="true"/><meta class="swiftype" name="geoscope" data-type="string" content="global"/><meta class="swiftype" name="tag-iwap-products" data-type="string" content="L1_AutochemProducts/Level_2_ALR_Calorimeters_RC1_LabMax"/><meta class="swiftype" name="tag-iwap-industries" data-type="string" content="level_1_chemical/level_1_chem_polymers"/><meta class="swiftype" name="tag-iwap-industries" data-type="string" content="level_1_pharma/level_2_pharma_pharma"/><meta class="swiftype" name="tag-iwap-products" data-type="string" content="L1_AutochemProducts/Level_2_ALR_Calorimeters_RC1_LabMax/Calorimeters-RC1-MultiMax/Reaction_Calorimeters_RC1e"/><meta class="swiftype" name="tag-iwap-products" data-type="string" content="L1_AutochemProducts/Level_2_ALR_Calorimeters_RC1_LabMax/EasyMax-Synthesis-Organic-Chemistry"/><meta class="swiftype" name="tag-iwap-industries" data-type="string" content="level_1_pharma/level_2_pharma_foodadditives"/><meta class="swiftype" name="tag-iwap-industries" data-type="string" content="level_1_chemical"/><meta class="swiftype" name="tag-iwap-products" data-type="string" content="L1_AutochemProducts/Level_2_ALR_Calorimeters_RC1_LabMax/Calorimeters-RC1-MultiMax"/><meta class="swiftype" name="tag-iwap-industries" data-type="string" content="level_1_pharma/level_2_pharma_biotech"/><meta class="swiftype" name="tag-iwap-industries" data-type="string" content="level_1_pharma/level_2_pharma_cosmetics"/><meta class="swiftype" name="tag-iwap-products" data-type="string" content="L1_AutochemProducts/L2_in-situSpectrocopy"/><meta class="swiftype" name="tag-iwap-products" data-type="string" content="L1_AutochemProducts/Level_2_ALR_Calorimeters_RC1_LabMax/Automated_Lab_Reactors-LabMax-Multi"/><meta class="swiftype" name="tag-iwap-industries" data-type="string" content="level_1_pharma"/><meta class="swiftype" name="tag-iwap-products" data-type="string" content="L1_AutochemProducts"/><meta class="swiftype" name="tag-iwap-products" data-type="string" content="L1_AutochemProducts/Level_2_ALR_Calorimeters_RC1_LabMax/Calorimeters-RC1-MultiMax/Reaction_Calorimeters_MultiMax"/><meta name="chat_tool" content="livePerson"><link rel="alternate" href="https://www.mt.com/content/au/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis.html" hreflang="en-AU"/><link rel="alternate" href="https://www.mt.com/content/at/de/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis.html" hreflang="de-AT"/><link rel="alternate" href="https://www.mt.com/content/be/fr/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis.html" hreflang="fr-BE"/><link rel="alternate" href="https://www.mt.com/content/be/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis.html" hreflang="en-BE"/><link rel="alternate" href="https://www.mt.com/content/ca/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis.html" hreflang="en-CA"/><link rel="alternate" href="https://www.mt.com/content/ca/fr/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis.html" hreflang="fr-CA"/><link rel="alternate" href="https://www.mt.com/content/dk/da/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis.html" hreflang="da-DK"/><link rel="alternate" href="https://www.mt.com/content/fr/fr/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis.html" hreflang="fr-FR"/><link rel="alternate" href="https://www.mt.com/content/de/de/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis.html" hreflang="de-DE"/><link rel="alternate" href="https://www.mt.com/content/de/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis.html" hreflang="en-DE"/><link rel="alternate" href="https://www.mt.com/content/br/pt/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis.html" hreflang="pt-BR"/><link rel="alternate" href="https://www.mt.com/content/id/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis.html" hreflang="en-ID"/><link rel="alternate" href="https://www.mt.com/content/my/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis.html" hreflang="en-MY"/><link rel="alternate" href="https://www.mt.com/content/hk/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis.html" hreflang="en-HK"/><link rel="alternate" href="https://www.mt.com/content/in/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis.html" hreflang="en-IN"/><link rel="alternate" href="https://www.mt.com/content/jp/ja/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis.html" hreflang="ja-JP"/><link rel="alternate" href="https://www.mt.com/content/kz/ru/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis.html" hreflang="ru-KZ"/><link rel="alternate" href="https://www.mt.com/content/mx/es/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis.html" hreflang="es-MX"/><link rel="alternate" href="https://www.mt.com/content/nz/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis.html" hreflang="en-NZ"/><link rel="alternate" href="https://www.mt.com/content/no/no/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis.html" hreflang="no-NO"/><link rel="alternate" href="https://www.mt.com/content/ph/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis.html" hreflang="en-PH"/><link rel="alternate" href="https://www.mt.com/content/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis.html" hreflang="en-SG"/><link rel="alternate" href="https://www.mt.com/content/kr/ko/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis.html" hreflang="ko-KR"/><link rel="alternate" href="https://www.mt.com/content/es/es/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis.html" hreflang="es-ES"/><link rel="alternate" href="https://www.mt.com/content/es/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis.html" hreflang="en-ES"/><link rel="alternate" href="https://www.mt.com/content/se/sv/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis.html" hreflang="sv-SE"/><link rel="alternate" href="https://www.mt.com/content/ch/de/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis.html" hreflang="de-CH"/><link rel="alternate" href="https://www.mt.com/content/ch/fr/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis.html" hreflang="fr-CH"/><link rel="alternate" href="https://www.mt.com/content/ch/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis.html" hreflang="en-CH"/><link rel="alternate" href="https://www.mt.com/content/gb/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis.html" hreflang="en-GB"/><link rel="alternate" href="https://www.mt.com/content/us/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis.html" hreflang="en-US"/><link rel="alternate" href="https://www.mt.com/content/vn/vi/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis.html" hreflang="vi-VN"/><link rel="alternate" href="https://www.mt.com/content/vn/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis.html" hreflang="en-VN"/><link rel="alternate" href="https://www.mt.com/content/int/ar/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis.html" hreflang="ar"/><meta name="keywords" content="chemical synthesis,what is chemical synthesis"><meta class="swiftype" data-type="string" name="keywords" content="chemical synthesis,what is chemical synthesis"><meta class="swiftype" data-type="string" name="description" content="Chemical synthesis occurs when two or more molecules are combined to form a product molecule that possesses specific properties."><meta name="theme-color" content="#1e489a"/><link rel="manifest" href="/manifest.json"><meta name="page-topic" content="AUTOCHEM-RA"/><meta name="robots" content="index,follow"/><link rel="canonical" href="https://www.mt.com/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis.html"/><meta property="og:image" content="https://www.mt.com/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/jcr:content/thumbnailImage/file"/><meta class="swiftype" name="image" data-type="enum" content="https://www.mt.com/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/jcr:content/thumbnailImage/file"/><meta class="swiftype" name="webp-image" data-type="enum" content="/content/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/jcr:content/thumbnailImage/file"/><meta name="verify-v1" content="rejy5ltjjseBFgaD2DQZNkQKqu0z7TYHB8vzVNZZCRA="/><meta name="y_key" content="e0c07531adf20f5a"/><meta name="y_key" content="2aaca8049030e6a4"/><meta name="y_key" content="ff4fabe1909b9699"/><meta name="y_key" content="ee82ccc887e46854"/><meta property="og:locale" content="en_SG"/><meta class="swiftype" name="locale" data-type="enum" content="en-SG"/><meta class="swiftype" name="page_language" data-type="string" content="en"/><meta class="swiftype" name="category" data-type="string" content="OTHER"/><meta class="swiftype" name="toppath" data-type="enum" content="/content/sg/en/home/applications"><meta class="swiftype" name="priority" data-type="integer" content="2"><meta property="og:type" content="website"/><meta property="og:title" content="Chemical Synthesis"/><meta class="swiftype" name="title" data-type="string" content="Chemical Synthesis"/><meta property="og:description" content="Chemical synthesis occurs when two or more molecules are combined to form a product molecule that possesses specific properties. There are numerous examples of chemical synthesis that results in..."/><meta property="og:url" content="https://www.mt.com/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis.html"/><meta name="hybris-cart-active" content="false"/><link rel="preload" href="/etc/designs/mt/widgets/shared/fonts/AvantGarde/AvantGardeforMTBdW05-Rg.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff" crossorigin><link media="all" rel="stylesheet" href="/etc/designs/mt/widgets/misc/mtsitegeneral.min-v54.css" type="text/css"><link media="all" rel="stylesheet" href="/etc/designs/mt/widgets/misc/mtsitetopcritical.min-v54.css" type="text/css"><link media="print" rel="stylesheet" href="/etc/designs/mt/widgets/misc/mtsitetopdefer.min-v54.css" type="text/css"><noscript><link media="all" rel="stylesheet" href="/etc/designs/mt/widgets/misc/mtsitetopdefer.min-v54.css" type="text/css"/></noscript><link media="(max-width: 1009px)" rel="stylesheet" href="/etc/designs/mt/widgets/misc/mtsitetopmobile.min-v54.css" type="text/css"><script defer src="/etc/designs/mt/widgets/shared/mtoverlay.min-v54.js"></script> <script src="/etc.clientlibs/clientlibs/granite/jquery.min-v54.js"></script> <script src="/etc.clientlibs/clientlibs/granite/utils.min-v54.js"></script> <script src="/etc.clientlibs/clientlibs/granite/jquery/granite.min-v54.js"></script> <script src="/etc.clientlibs/foundation/clientlibs/jquery.min-v54.js"></script> <script src="/etc.clientlibs/foundation/clientlibs/shared.min-v54.js"></script> <script src="/etc/designs/mt/widgets/shared/jquery-cookie.min-v54.js"></script> <script src="/etc/designs/mt/widgets/shared/jquery-imgload.min-v54.js"></script> <script src="/etc/designs/mt/widgets/shared/jquery-hashchange.min-v54.js"></script> <script src="/etc/designs/mt/widgets/shared/jquery-mousewheel.min-v54.js"></script> <script src="/etc/designs/mt/widgets/shared/mtjquerymods.min-v54.js"></script> <script src="/etc/designs/mt/widgets/misc/workerpool.min-v54.js"></script> <script src="/etc/designs/mt/widgets.min-v54.js"></script> <title>What is Chemical Synthesis?</title><link rel="icon" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon" href="/etc/designs/mt/favicon-v54.ico"/><link rel="shortcut icon" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon" href="/etc/designs/mt/favicon-v54.ico"/><link rel="publisher" href="https://plus.google.com/106385090050521362493"/><meta name="baidu-site-verification" content="e5AMRON8tx"/><meta name="bookings_enabled" content="false"><link href="/etc/designs/mt/docroot/images/icons/mt-icon-120x120px.png" rel="apple-touch-icon"/><link href="/etc/designs/mt/docroot/images/icons/mt-icon-152x152px.png" rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="152x152"/><link href="/etc/designs/mt/docroot/images/icons/mt-icon-152x152px.png" rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="152x152"/><link href="/etc/designs/mt/docroot/images/icons/mt-icon-167x167px.png" rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="167x167"/><link href="/etc/designs/mt/docroot/images/icons/mt-icon-180x180px.png" rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180"/><link href="/etc/designs/mt/docroot/images/icons/mt-icon-192x192px.png" rel="icon" sizes="192x192"/><link href="/etc/designs/mt/docroot/images/icons/mt-icon-128x128px.png" rel="icon" sizes="128x128"/><link href="/etc/designs/mt/docroot/images/icons/mt-icon-57x57px.png" rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="57x57"/><link href="/etc/designs/mt/docroot/images/icons/mt-icon-72x72px.png" rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="72x72"/><link href="/etc/designs/mt/docroot/images/icons/mt-icon-114x114px.png" rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="114x114"/><link href="/etc/designs/mt/docroot/images/icons/mt-icon-144x144px.png" rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="144x144"/><script src="/etc/designs/mt/widgets/cookies/appmeasurement-2-17-0.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.cookielaw.org/consent/0f50d288-04a7-47f2-a661-cc3977283c6b/OtAutoBlock.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.cookielaw.org/scripttemplates/otSDKStub.js" data-domain-script="0f50d288-04a7-47f2-a661-cc3977283c6b"></script> <script>function OptanonWrapper(){}</script> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({"gtm.start":new Date().getTime(),event:"gtm.js"});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!="dataLayer"?"&l="+l:"";j.async=true;j.src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id="+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,"script","dataLayer","GTM-P9BQ9HD");</script> <link rel="preload" as="script" href="/etc/designs/mt/widgets.cl.mt-cmp-cart.ep-v54.js"><link rel="preload" as="style" href="/etc/designs/mt/widgets.cl.mt-introtext.ep-v54.css"/></head><body class="body "><noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-P9BQ9HD" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript><div class="header" id="header_layer_wrapper"><header class="MTHeader mt_mobile_header applicationfamily2 " data-swiftype-index="false" data-onetrust-enabled="false" data-baidu-enabled="false" data-ds-chat-tool="livePerson" data-mobileseealltextlabel='See All'><div class="MTMainNav"><div class="MTMainNav__logo"><a id="logo_layer" href="/sg/en/home.html"><svg class="MTMainNav__logo__svg" width="177" height="20" viewBox="0 0 177 20" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M19.4624 19.7866V0.324219H28.8173V4.08766H23.5484V7.74357H28.7097V11.507H23.5484V16.0231H28.8173V19.7866H19.4624Z" fill="#004494"/><path d="M135.054 19.7866V0.324219H144.409V4.08766H139.14V7.74357H144.301V11.507H139.14V16.0231H144.409V19.7866H135.054Z" fill="#004494"/><path d="M62.9031 19.7866V0.324219H72.2579V4.08766H66.9891V7.74357H72.1504V11.507H66.9891V16.0231H72.2579V19.7866H62.9031Z" fill="#004494"/><path d="M36.9892 4.08766V19.7866H32.9031V4.08766H29.5698V0.324219H40.3225V4.08766H36.9892Z" fill="#004494"/><path d="M48.3871 4.08766V19.7866H44.3011V4.08766H40.9678V0.324219H51.7205V4.08766H48.3871Z" fill="#004494"/><path d="M52.7957 0.324219H56.8817V16.0231H61.7204V19.7866H52.7957V0.324219Z" fill="#004494"/><path d="M73.9784 0.324219H80.43C81.2902 0.324219 82.1504 0.539272 82.7956 0.861853C83.5483 1.18443 84.0859 1.61454 84.6235 2.25971C85.1612 2.79734 85.4838 3.4425 85.8063 4.19519C86.1289 4.94788 86.2364 5.70056 86.2364 6.56078C86.2364 7.09841 86.1289 7.63604 86.0214 8.2812C85.9139 8.92636 85.5913 9.46399 85.2687 9.8941C84.9461 10.4317 84.516 10.8619 83.9784 11.1844C83.4407 11.507 82.9031 11.8296 82.1504 11.8296L87.0967 19.6791H82.3655L78.0644 12.0446H77.9569V19.6791H73.8708V0.324219H73.9784ZM78.0644 8.92637H79.3547C80.2149 8.92637 80.8601 8.71131 81.2902 8.2812C81.7203 7.85109 81.9354 7.31346 81.9354 6.45325C81.9354 5.59303 81.7203 5.0554 81.2902 4.62529C80.8601 4.19519 80.2149 3.98013 79.3547 3.98013H78.0644V8.92637Z" fill="#004494"/><path d="M104.301 4.08766V19.7866H100.215V4.08766H96.8818V0.324219H107.635V4.08766H104.301Z" fill="#004494"/><path d="M107.742 10C107.742 8.49462 107.849 7.09677 108.172 5.91398C108.494 4.73118 108.924 3.65592 109.57 2.7957C110.215 1.93549 110.968 1.29032 111.828 0.752685C112.795 0.322577 113.763 0 115.054 0C116.236 0 117.312 0.21505 118.279 0.752685C119.14 1.18279 120 1.93549 120.537 2.7957C121.183 3.65592 121.613 4.73118 121.935 5.91398C122.258 7.09677 122.365 8.49462 122.365 10C122.365 11.5054 122.258 12.9032 121.935 14.086C121.613 15.3763 121.183 16.3441 120.537 17.2043C119.892 18.0645 119.14 18.7097 118.279 19.2473C117.312 19.6774 116.344 20 115.054 20C113.871 20 112.795 19.785 111.828 19.2473C110.86 18.8172 110.107 18.0645 109.57 17.2043C108.924 16.3441 108.494 15.2688 108.172 14.086C107.957 12.9032 107.742 11.5054 107.742 10ZM111.935 10C111.935 11.1828 112.043 12.1505 112.15 12.9032C112.258 13.6559 112.473 14.3011 112.688 14.8387C112.903 15.3763 113.226 15.6989 113.656 15.914C114.086 16.129 114.516 16.2366 115.054 16.2366C115.591 16.2366 116.021 16.129 116.451 15.914C116.881 15.6989 117.204 15.3763 117.419 14.8387C117.634 14.3011 117.849 13.6559 117.957 12.9032C118.064 12.1505 118.172 11.1828 118.172 10C118.172 8.81721 118.064 7.84947 117.957 7.09678C117.849 6.34409 117.634 5.69893 117.419 5.16129C117.204 4.62366 116.881 4.30108 116.451 4.08602C116.021 3.87097 115.591 3.76344 115.054 3.76344C114.516 3.76344 114.086 3.87097 113.656 4.08602C113.226 4.30108 112.903 4.62366 112.688 5.16129C112.473 5.69893 112.258 6.34409 112.15 7.09678C112.043 7.84947 111.935 8.81721 111.935 10Z" fill="#004494"/><path d="M124.301 0.324219H128.387V16.0231H133.226V19.7866H124.301V0.324219Z" fill="#004494"/><path d="M146.559 0.324219H152.688C153.979 0.324219 155.054 0.539269 156.022 1.0769C156.989 1.61454 157.742 2.2597 158.495 3.22744C159.14 4.08766 159.678 5.16293 160 6.34573C160.323 7.52853 160.538 8.81885 160.538 10.1092C160.538 11.3995 160.323 12.6898 160 13.8726C159.678 15.0554 159.14 16.1307 158.495 16.9909C157.85 17.8511 156.989 18.6038 156.022 19.0339C155.054 19.5715 153.979 19.7866 152.688 19.7866H146.559V0.324219ZM150.645 16.0231H152.688C153.226 16.0231 153.764 15.9156 154.194 15.593C154.624 15.2704 155.054 14.9479 155.269 14.4102C155.592 13.8726 155.807 13.2274 155.914 12.4748C156.022 11.7221 156.129 10.9694 156.129 10.0016C156.129 9.14142 156.022 8.2812 155.914 7.52852C155.807 6.77583 155.484 6.13066 155.269 5.59303C154.946 5.05539 154.624 4.6253 154.194 4.41024C153.764 4.08766 153.226 3.98013 152.688 3.98013H150.645V16.0231Z" fill="#004494"/><path d="M161.613 10C161.613 8.49462 161.721 7.09677 162.043 5.91398C162.366 4.73118 162.796 3.65592 163.441 2.7957C164.086 1.93549 164.839 1.29032 165.699 0.752685C166.667 0.322577 167.635 0 168.925 0C170.108 0 171.183 0.21505 172.151 0.752685C173.118 1.18279 173.871 1.93549 174.409 2.7957C175.054 3.65592 175.484 4.73118 175.807 5.91398C176.129 7.09677 176.237 8.49462 176.237 10C176.237 11.5054 176.129 12.9032 175.807 14.086C175.484 15.3763 175.054 16.3441 174.409 17.2043C173.764 18.0645 173.011 18.7097 172.151 19.2473C171.183 19.6774 170.215 20 168.925 20C167.742 20 166.667 19.785 165.699 19.2473C164.839 18.8172 163.979 18.0645 163.441 17.2043C162.796 16.3441 162.366 15.2688 162.043 14.086C161.721 12.9032 161.613 11.5054 161.613 10ZM165.807 10C165.807 11.1828 165.914 12.1505 166.022 12.9032C166.129 13.6559 166.344 14.3011 166.559 14.8387C166.774 15.3763 167.097 15.6989 167.527 15.914C167.957 16.129 168.387 16.2366 168.925 16.2366C169.462 16.2366 169.893 16.129 170.323 15.914C170.753 15.6989 171.075 15.3763 171.29 14.8387C171.506 14.3011 171.721 13.6559 171.828 12.9032C171.936 12.1505 172.043 11.1828 172.043 10C172.043 8.81721 171.936 7.84947 171.828 7.09678C171.721 6.34409 171.506 5.69893 171.29 5.16129C171.075 4.62366 170.753 4.30108 170.323 4.08602C169.893 3.87097 169.462 3.76344 168.925 3.76344C168.387 3.76344 167.957 3.87097 167.527 4.08602C167.097 4.30108 166.774 4.62366 166.559 5.16129C166.344 5.69893 166.129 6.34409 166.022 7.09678C165.807 7.84947 165.807 8.81721 165.807 10Z" fill="#004494"/><path d="M8.8172 12.5823L11.828 0.324219H17.6344V19.7866H13.6559V5.59303L10.4301 19.7866H7.31183L4.08602 5.59303V19.7866H0V0.324219H5.91398L8.8172 12.5823Z" fill="#004494"/></svg></a></div><nav class="MTMainNav__menu" id="main_navi_layer" data-mobilemenulabel="Menu" data-swiftype-index="false" data-page-template="applicationfamily2"><div class="navibar"><ul><li class="navibar_li main_nav_products_solutions" data-type="mega" data-id="products_solutions"><label class="navItem" data-level1-children-selector=".main_nav_products_solutions .mainNav_col1 .nav" data-level2-children-selector=".main_nav_products_solutions .mainNav_col2 .nav"><span>Products & Solutions</span></label><div class="mainNav_mega"><div class="mainNav_mega_spinner-wrap"><div class="mt-spinner-dark"></div></div><div class="error_message_container" style="display:none"><div class="error-description">There was an error retrieving our menu. Please reload the page.</div></div><div class="mainNav_mega_close"></div><div class="content"><div id="mainNav_products_solutions_col1" class="mainNav_col mainNav_col1"></div><div id="mainNav_products_solutions_col2" class="mainNav_col mainNav_col2"><div class="products"></div><div class="applications"></div><div class="service"></div></div><div id="mainNav_products_solutions_col3" class="mainNav_col mainNav_col3"></div></div></div></li><li class="navibar_li main_nav_ind_wrkpl"><label class="navItem" data-level1-children-selector=".main_nav_ind_wrkpl .level2 li"><span>Industries</span></label><div class="dropdown"><div class="mainNav_mega_spinner-wrap"><div class="mt-spinner-dark"></div></div><div class="error_message_container" style="display:none"><div class="error-description">There was an error retrieving our menu. Please reload the page.</div></div><div class="mainNav_mini_close"></div><div class="dropdown_content"><div class="dropdown_row"><div id="navibar_02_col_A" class="coloumn"><ul class="level2"></ul></div></div></div></div></li><li class="navibar_li main_nav_service_support" data-level1-children-selector=".main_nav_service_support .level2 li"><label class="navItem"><span id="navmenu_servicesandsupport_label">Services & Support</span></label><div class="dropdown"><div class="mainNav_mega_spinner-wrap"><div class="mt-spinner-dark"></div></div><div class="error_message_container" style="display:none"><div class="error-description">There was an error retrieving our menu. Please reload the page.</div></div><div class="mainNav_mini_close"></div><div class="dropdown_content"><div id="navibar_03_col_A" class="coloumn"><ul class="level2"></ul></div></div></div></li><li class="navibar_li main_nav_events_and_expertise"><label class="navItem"><span id="navmenu_eventsandexeprtise_label">Events & Expertise</span></label><div class="dropdown"><div class="mainNav_mega_spinner-wrap"><div class="mt-spinner-dark"></div></div><div class="error_message_container" style="display:none"><div class="error-description">There was an error retrieving our menu. Please reload the page.</div></div><div class="mainNav_mini_close"></div><div class="dropdown_content"><div id="navibar_04_col_A" class="coloumn"><ul class="level2"></ul></div></div></div></li><li class="navibar_li main_nav_about_us"><label class="navItem"><span id="navmenu_aboutus_label">About Us</span></label><div class="dropdown"><div class="mainNav_mega_spinner-wrap"><div class="mt-spinner-dark"></div></div><div class="error_message_container" style="display:none"><div class="error-description">There was an error retrieving our menu. Please reload the page.</div></div><div class="mainNav_mini_close"></div><div class="dropdown_content"><div id="navibar_05_col_A" class="coloumn"><ul class="level2"></ul></div></div></div></li><li class="navibar_li last main_nav_contact_us " style="cursor:pointer"><a class="navItem " href="/sg/en/home/site_content/contact_us.QVVUT0NIRU0tUkE.html">Contact Us</a></li></ul></div></nav><div id="searchform"><div class="search"><script defer src="/etc/designs/mt/widgets/misc/search.min-v54.js"></script> <div class="st-search-wrap" id="search-"><div class="kws_top"><form id="ks-form" data-go-search-path="/sg/en/home/search/Advanced_Search.html" data-swiftype-install-key="9_joUpzzELD9KWqJZcvE" data-locale="en-SG"><div class="mt_search_input_wrapper" data-showallresultslabel='Show all results' data-mobile-ks-placeholder='Search Products and Solutions…'><div class="mt_search_input-field"><label for="st-default-search-box" style="display:none;">Search</label><input type='text' class='st-default-search-input search-field' id="st-default-search-box" placeholder='Search...' disabled/><span class="input_icon-clear" style="display: none;"><i></i></span></div><div class="mt_search_input-suggestions"><h5 class="mt_search-suggestions-label">Search suggestions</h5><ul><li>ph meter</li><li>balance</li><li>conductivity</li><li>counting platform scale</li><li>ind570</li></ul></div></div></form><div class="kws_category_dropdown"><div class="kws_filter_desktop"><span id="kws-category-text"> All Categories </span><span class="kws_arrow_wrap"><i class="kws_arrow"></i></span></div><div class="kws_list_wrap"><ul class="kws_filter_list"><li data-search-category="ALL" data-triggers-search="true" data-retarget-ad-enabled="true">All Categories</li><li data-search-category="PRODUCTS" data-triggers-search="true" data-retarget-ad-enabled="true">Products</li><li data-search-category="SUPPORT" data-triggers-search="true" data-retarget-ad-enabled="false">Support</li><li data-search-category="EXPERTISE" data-triggers-search="true" data-retarget-ad-enabled="false">Expertise</li><li data-search-category="EVENTS_AND_WEBINARS" data-triggers-search="true" data-retarget-ad-enabled="false">Events & Webinars</li><li data-search-category="OTHER" data-triggers-search="true" data-retarget-ad-enabled="false">Other</li></ul></div></div><div class="kws_filter_mobile"><div class="kws_filter-toggle"><div class="filter-symbol"><div class="elipse-top-left"></div><div class="vector-top"></div><div class="elipse-bottom-right"></div><div class="vector-bottom"></div></div><div class="search-filter-label"> Filter <div class="kws-selected-filter-count hidden"></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="header_icon-close"><i></i></div><script type="module"> var wrapId = "search-"; var searchInstance = new Search({"id": wrapId}); </script> </div></div><div class="MTMainNav__icons top_meta_layer"><div class="header_search-icon disabled"><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 18 18" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path class="svgIcon--primary-blue" d="M12.5 11H11.71L11.43 10.73C12.41 9.59 13 8.11 13 6.5C13 2.91 10.09 0 6.5 0C2.91 0 0 2.91 0 6.5C0 10.09 2.91 13 6.5 13C8.11 13 9.59 12.41 10.73 11.43L11 11.71V12.5L16 17.49L17.49 16L12.5 11ZM6.5 11C4.01 11 2 8.99 2 6.5C2 4.01 4.01 2 6.5 2C8.99 2 11 4.01 11 6.5C11 8.99 8.99 11 6.5 11Z" fill="#004494"/></svg></div><div id="cnty_lang_placeholder"><div class="countrydropdown"><div class="head_cntylang meta_selection country" data-selectedcountrytitle="Singapore" data-contenthandlecountry="sg"><div class="meta_select select_country "><a href="javascript:void(0);" data-asi-country="true"><span class="countryFlag_globe-svg"><svg width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path class="svgIcon--primary-blue" d="M10 0C4.48 0 0 4.48 0 10C0 15.52 4.48 20 10 20C15.52 20 20 15.52 20 10C20 4.48 15.52 0 10 0ZM9 17.93C5.05 17.44 2 14.08 2 10C2 9.38 2.08 8.79 2.21 8.21L7 13V14C7 15.1 7.9 16 9 16V17.93ZM15.9 15.39C15.64 14.58 14.9 14 14 14H13V11C13 10.45 12.55 10 12 10H6V8H8C8.55 8 9 7.55 9 7V5H11C12.1 5 13 4.1 13 3V2.59C15.93 3.78 18 6.65 18 10C18 12.08 17.2 13.97 15.9 15.39Z" fill="#004494"/></svg></span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="login_reg_info" data-mt-login-href="/content/sg/en/home/registered_user_services/visitor_registration/loginsso.html"><div id="welcomeMsg" style="display: none;" data-mr-label="Mr." data-mrs-label="Mrs." data-ms-label="Ms." data-dr-label="Dr." data-prof-label="Prof.">Welcome, {mt:userTitle/} {mt:lastName/}</div><button id="loginLink" style="display: none;" class="loginIcon" aria-label="Login"><svg width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path class="svgIcon--primary-blue" d="M10 0C4.48 0 0 4.48 0 10C0 15.52 4.48 20 10 20C15.52 20 20 15.52 20 10C20 4.48 15.52 0 10 0ZM10 3C11.66 3 13 4.34 13 6C13 7.66 11.66 9 10 9C8.34 9 7 7.66 7 6C7 4.34 8.34 3 10 3ZM10 17.2C7.5 17.2 5.29 15.92 4 13.98C4.03 11.99 8 10.9 10 10.9C11.99 10.9 15.97 11.99 16 13.98C14.71 15.92 12.5 17.2 10 17.2Z" fill="#004494"/></svg><div class="loggedInUserLetter"><span></span></div></button><div class="login_reg_info-menu loggedOutMenu" style="display:none;"><ul><li><a href="/sg/en/home/registered_user_services/visitor_registration/loginsso.html" class="btn-action btn-primary loginLink_loginAnchor loginMenu_button">Login / Registration</a></li></ul></div><div class="login_reg_info-menu loggedInMenu" style="display:none;"><form id="logoutLink" action="/sg/en/home.html" method="get"><input type="hidden" name="formType" value="logout"><ul><li><a href="/sg/en/home/registered_user_services/profile-dashboard.html" class="meta logoutLink_editProfileAnchor">My mt.com</a></li><li><button onclick="logout();" class="meta logoutLink_logoutAnchor mt-btn-link">Logout</button></li></ul></form></div></div><div class="mt_mobile_header_nav"><button class="hamburger hamburger--collapse" type="button" aria-label="Toggle Navigation Menu"><span class="hamburger-box"><span class="hamburger-inner"></span></span></button></div></div></div><div class="mt_mobile_header_nav_dropdown"><div class="mainNav_mobileLoading_spinner-wrap" style="display:none;"><div class="mt-spinner-dark"></div></div><div class="mt_mobile_header_country_lang_wrap"><div class="mt_mobile_header_country"><div class="country_flag_"></div><div class="country_name"></div></div><div class="cs_language"></div></div></div></header><div class="cs_wrapper" style="display: none;" data-browsingcountryname="sg"><div class="cs_title"> Select Country <div class="header_icon-close"><i></i></div></div><div class="cs_content" data-labelerrorloadingdata='There was a problem loading country data. Please refresh the page and try again.'><div class="mt-spinner-dark"></div></div><div class="cs_language"></div></div><link rel="stylesheet" href="/etc.clientlibs/mt/components/content/header/clientlib-bookings.min-v54.css" type="text/css"><div class="mt_engagement" style="display: none;"><div class="mt_engagement__info"><div class="mt_engagement__info__header"><span class="mt_engagement__info__header__text"> Need assistance? </span><svg class="mt_engagement__info__btn--collapse" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g clip-path="url(#clip0_9361_17182)"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M11.4142 10L19.0405 2.37377L17.6263 0.959557L10 8.58578L2.37381 0.959557L0.959595 2.37377L8.58582 10L0.959595 17.6262L2.37381 19.0404L10 11.4142L17.6263 19.0404L19.0405 17.6262L11.4142 10Z" fill="#666666"/></g><defs><clipPath id="clip0_9361_17182"><rect width="20" height="20" fill="white"/></clipPath></defs></svg><svg class="mt_engagement__info__btn--expand" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M16.5 21L7.5 12L16.5 3" stroke="#666666" stroke-width="2"/></svg></div><span class="mt_engagement__info__body"> Our team is here to achieve your goals! Speak with our experts. </span></div><div class="mt_engagement__buttons"><div class="mt_chat livePerson" id="mt_chat" style="display:none;"><div class="mt_chat__icon"><svg class="mt_chat__icon--small" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M22.0803 8.46879H22.2435C23.2095 8.46879 24 9.2446 24 10.1927V13.3318C24 14.2799 23.2098 15.0557 22.2435 15.0557H22.0803C20.8488 18.6763 17.6478 21.4186 13.7295 22.0507C13.6008 22.4076 13.257 22.6667 12.8511 22.6667H11.1489C10.6347 22.6667 10.2147 22.2539 10.2147 21.7495V21.5988C10.2147 21.0941 10.6347 20.6819 11.1489 20.6819H12.8511C13.1439 20.6819 13.404 20.8188 13.5753 21.0276C17.0706 20.457 19.9296 18.0227 21.0555 14.8031C20.5452 14.5004 20.1993 13.956 20.1993 13.3318V10.1927C20.1993 9.56847 20.5452 9.02378 21.0555 8.7214C19.7643 5.02958 16.1943 2.36766 12 2.36766C7.8057 2.36766 4.2357 5.02958 2.9445 8.7214C3.4548 9.02378 3.8007 9.56847 3.8007 10.1927V13.3316C3.8007 14.2796 3.0108 15.0554 2.0445 15.0554H1.7565C0.7905 15.0554 0 14.2799 0 13.3316V10.1924C0 9.2446 0.7902 8.46879 1.7565 8.46879H1.9197C3.3285 4.32796 7.3134 1.33333 12 1.33333C16.6866 1.33333 20.6715 4.32796 22.0803 8.46879ZM11.925 18.9745C15.9014 18.9745 19.125 15.7908 19.125 11.8634C19.125 7.93607 15.9014 4.75231 11.925 4.75231C7.94851 4.75231 4.72496 7.93607 4.72496 11.8634C4.72496 13.6378 5.38298 15.2604 6.47115 16.5062L3.82497 18.9745H11.925ZM8.02501 11.2708H9.82501V13.0486H8.02501V11.2708ZM11.025 11.2708H12.825V13.0486H11.025V11.2708ZM15.825 11.2708H14.025V13.0486H15.825V11.2708Z" fill="white"/></svg><svg class="mt_chat__icon--lg" width="36" height="36" viewBox="0 0 36 36" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M33.1204 12.7032H33.3652C34.8142 12.7032 36 13.8669 36 15.289V19.9978C36 21.4198 34.8147 22.5836 33.3652 22.5836H33.1204C31.2732 28.0144 26.4717 32.1279 20.5942 33.0761C20.4012 33.6114 19.8855 34 19.2766 34H16.7233C15.952 34 15.322 33.3808 15.322 32.6243V32.3982C15.322 31.6412 15.952 31.0229 16.7233 31.0229H19.2766C19.7159 31.0229 20.106 31.2283 20.3629 31.5414C25.6059 30.6855 29.8944 27.034 31.5832 22.2046C30.8178 21.7506 30.299 20.934 30.299 19.9978V15.289C30.299 14.3527 30.8178 13.5357 31.5832 13.0821C29.6464 7.54436 24.2914 3.55149 18 3.55149C11.7085 3.55149 6.35355 7.54436 4.41675 13.0821C5.1822 13.5357 5.70105 14.3527 5.70105 15.289V19.9973C5.70105 21.4194 4.5162 22.5831 3.06675 22.5831H2.63475C1.18575 22.5831 0 21.4198 0 19.9973V15.2885C0 13.8669 1.1853 12.7032 2.63475 12.7032H2.87955C4.99275 6.49193 10.9701 2 18 2C25.0299 2 31.0072 6.49193 33.1204 12.7032ZM17.8875 28.4618C23.8522 28.4618 28.6875 23.6862 28.6875 17.7951C28.6875 11.9041 23.8522 7.12847 17.8875 7.12847C11.9228 7.12847 7.08749 11.9041 7.08749 17.7951C7.08749 20.4567 8.07451 22.8907 9.70678 24.7593L5.73749 28.4618L17.8875 28.4618ZM12.0375 16.9062H14.7375V19.5729H12.0375V16.9062ZM19.2375 16.9062V19.5729H16.5375V16.9062H19.2375ZM23.7375 16.9062H21.0375V19.5729H23.7375V16.9062Z" fill="white"/></svg><span class="mt_chat__icon__lbl"> Start Live Chat </span></div></div><div class="bookings" style="display:none;"><div class="bookings__icon"><svg class="bookings__icon--small" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><rect width="24" height="24" fill="white"/><path d="M8.25005 10.8V13.2H5.85005V10.8H8.25005ZM13.05 10.8V13.2H10.65V10.8H13.05ZM17.85 10.8V13.2H15.45V10.8H17.85ZM20.25 2.4C20.8866 2.4 21.497 2.65286 21.9471 3.10294C22.3972 3.55303 22.65 4.16348 22.65 4.8V21.6C22.65 22.2365 22.3972 22.847 21.9471 23.2971C21.497 23.7471 20.8866 24 20.25 24H3.45005C2.81353 24 2.20308 23.7471 1.75299 23.2971C1.30291 22.847 1.05005 22.2365 1.05005 21.6V4.8C1.05005 4.16348 1.30291 3.55303 1.75299 3.10294C2.20308 2.65286 2.81353 2.4 3.45005 2.4H4.65005V0H7.05005V2.4H16.65V0H19.05V2.4H20.25ZM20.25 21.6V8.4H3.45005V21.6H20.25ZM8.25005 15.6V18H5.85005V15.6H8.25005ZM13.05 15.6V18H10.65V15.6H13.05ZM17.85 15.6V18H15.45V15.6H17.85Z" fill="#004494"/></svg><svg class="bookings__icon--lg" width="32" height="32" viewBox="0 0 32 32" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><rect width="32" height="32" fill="white"/><path d="M11.0001 14.4V17.6H7.80006V14.4H11.0001ZM17.4001 14.4V17.6H14.2001V14.4H17.4001ZM23.8001 14.4V17.6H20.6001V14.4H23.8001ZM27.0001 3.2C27.8487 3.2 28.6627 3.53714 29.2628 4.13726C29.8629 4.73737 30.2001 5.55131 30.2001 6.4V28.8C30.2001 29.6487 29.8629 30.4626 29.2628 31.0627C28.6627 31.6629 27.8487 32 27.0001 32H4.60005C3.75136 32 2.93743 31.6629 2.33731 31.0627C1.7372 30.4626 1.40005 29.6487 1.40005 28.8V6.4C1.40005 5.55131 1.7372 4.73737 2.33731 4.13726C2.93743 3.53714 3.75136 3.2 4.60005 3.2H6.20006V0H9.40005V3.2H22.2001V0H25.4001V3.2H27.0001ZM27.0001 28.8V11.2H4.60005V28.8H27.0001ZM11.0001 20.8V24H7.80006V20.8H11.0001ZM17.4001 20.8V24H14.2001V20.8H17.4001ZM23.8001 20.8V24H20.6001V20.8H23.8001Z" fill="#004494"/></svg><span class="bookings__icon__lbl"> Schedule Online Consultation </span><a class="bookings__icon__btn" target="_blank" href=""></a></div></div><div class="edemo" style="display:none;"><div class="edemo__btn_template" style="display:none;"><svg class="edemo__icon--small" width="23" height="24" viewBox="0 0 23 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M0 0H22.4152V2.24152H21.2945V17.9322H13.9131L18.3962 22.4152L16.8114 24L11.2076 18.3962L5.60381 24L4.01905 22.4152L8.5021 17.9322H1.12076V2.24152H0V0ZM3.36229 2.24152V15.6907H19.053V2.24152H3.36229ZM8.9661 5.04343L14.1967 8.9661L8.9661 12.8888V5.04343Z" fill="#004494"/></svg><svg class="edemo__icon--lg" width="32" height="35" viewBox="0 0 32 35" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M0 0H32V3.2H30.4V25.6H19.8624L26.2624 32L24 34.2624L16 26.2624L8 34.2624L5.7376 32L12.1376 25.6H1.6V3.2H0V0ZM4.8 3.2V22.4H27.2V3.2H4.8ZM12.8 7.2L20.2672 12.8L12.8 18.4V7.2Z" fill="#004494"/></svg><span class="edemo__icon__lbl"> Request a Demo </span><a class="edemo__icon__btn" target="_blank" href=""></a></div></div></div></div><div class="mt_engagement__overlay" style="display:none;"></div><script src="/etc/designs/mt/widgets/cookies/referrer.min.js"></script> </div><div class="mt-stage"><div class="breadcrumb_layer breadcrumbs_under_nav" data-swiftype-index="false"><div itemprop="breadcrumb" class="breadcrumb_container"><a style="order:-1;" href="/sg/en/home.html" class="breadcrumb "> Home </a><a style="order:-2;" href="/sg/en/home/applications.html" class="breadcrumb "> By Application </a><a style="order:-3;" href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications.html" class="breadcrumb "> AutoChem Applications </a><span style="order:-4;" class="breadcrumb currentLocation"> Chemical Synthesis </span></div></div><script>$(function(){if($(window).width()<750){var bc=document.querySelector(".breadcrumb_container");if(isOverflown(bc)){bc.parentNode.classList.add("mobile-bc-overflow");bc.parentNode.classList.remove("mobile-no-bc-overflow");}else{bc.parentNode.classList.add("mobile-no-bc-overflow");bc.parentNode.classList.remove("mobile-bc-overflow");}bc.parentNode.classList.add("showMobileBreadcrumbs");}});</script> <div id="main_layer_max"><div id="frame_layer"><link rel="stylesheet" href="/etc/designs/mt/widgets/misc/mood.min-v54.css" type="text/css"><script src="/etc/designs/mt/widgets/misc/mood.min-v54.js"></script> <div id="mood_layer" class=""><div id="mood_image_container" class="mood_image_container noImage"><div class="mood_wrapper"><div class="moodspar parsys"></div></div><div id="mood_pagetitle" class="blue noImage mood_pagetitle_default"><div class="content"><h1>Chemical Synthesis</h1><h2>Producing Quality, Economically-Viable Molecules</h2></div></div></div></div><div id="content_layer"><div id="content_main"><div id="button_navi" class="button_navi clearfix fbaContext"><div class="applicationlinktofeedbacka feedbacka"><div id="feedbacka-jcr__content_applicationlinktofeedbacka" class="feedbacka_button"><form class="fb-a-button-wrapper moreinfo_btn translation-wrap" method="get" action="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis.fb.1.cs.html?abcl=1"><button class="fb-button-p5a btn-action btn-secondary resize-translated-button translation-wordbreak" data-swiftype-index="false" aria-label="Request Info"><span>Request Info</span></button></form><form class="fb-a-button-wrapper getquote_btn translation-wrap" method="get" action="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis.fb.1.c.11.html?abcl=2"><button class="fb-button-p5a btn-action btn-primary resize-translated-button translation-wordbreak" data-swiftype-index="false" aria-label="Get a Quote"><span>Get a Quote</span></button></form><script>MT(function(){MT(".fb-a-button-wrapper.buyOnline").css("display","inline-block");if(MT(".feedbacka .estore").length>0){MT(".feedbacka .getquote_btn").hide();}});</script> </div></div><div class="applicationlinktoform form"><link rel="stylesheet" href="/etc.clientlibs/mt/components/content/form/clientlib-base.min-v54.css" type="text/css"><script src="/etc.clientlibs/mt/components/content/form/clientlib-base.min-v54.js"></script> <div class="shared-button-info" data-country="sg" data-referringpage="\/applications\/L1_AutoChem_Applications\/L2_ReactionAnalysis" data-softoptin="true" data-subheading="Chemical Synthesis" data-productfamilylevel="2" data-productfamilyname="/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis" data-showacademictitle="false" data-showextension="true" data-showfaxnumber="false" data-showdepartment="false" data-showposition="false" data-showstate="false" data-requirestate="false" data-requirephonenumber="false" data-labelvalidationmsgphone="It appears your phone number is an invalid format for this country. Please double check it." data-labelvalidationmsgfilter="The following characters are not allowed:|" data-labelvalidationmsgrequired="Required Field" data-labelvalidationmsgnumber="Please enter a valid number." data-labelvalidationmsgemail="Your email address does not appear to be valid. Please make sure you have your correct email address." data-labelvalidationmsgmaxlength="Please enter at least {0} characters." data-labelvalidationmsgminlength="Please enter at least {0} characters." data-labelformrequesterror="Unfortunately we encountered an error. Please close this box and try again." data-labelvalidationmsgclicknext="Please click Next for more options" data-validationpostaltype="text" data-validationpostallength="0"></div><span class="projectDescriptionLabel_L2_ReactionAnalysis_applicationlinktoform" style="display:none"> Please describe your project. </span><button data-initiatedtype="requestquoteorinfo" data-buttonid="L2_ReactionAnalysis_applicationlinktoform" data-feedbackbuttonname="other:Request Quote or Info" data-formid="form_L2_ReactionAnalysis_applicationlinktoform" class="btn btn-primary btn-action form-modal-toggle btn-defaultQuoteInfo overlay-opener" data-resourcepath="/content/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/jcr:content/applicationlinktoform" data-hascustomrequiredfield="false" data-hasadditionalquoteoptions="true" data-swiftype-index="false" aria-label="Request Quote or Info"><span>Request Quote or Info</span></button><a class="callforquote btn btn-secondary btn-action" href="tel:" data-swiftype-index="false"><span><svg width="21" height="22" viewBox="0 0 21 22" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M1 0.75H7L8.5 6.75L4.75 8.25C6.17962 12.0623 9.18768 15.0704 13 16.5L14.5 12.75L20.5 14.25V20.25L18.0047 20.7491C14.7611 21.3978 11.3937 20.9468 8.43498 19.4675C5.55619 18.0281 3.22191 15.6938 1.78251 12.815C0.303165 9.85633 -0.147789 6.48894 0.500948 3.24526L1 0.75Z" fill="#004494"/></svg> Call for Quote </span></a><button data-initiatedtype="requestinfo" data-buttonid="L2_ReactionAnalysis_applicationlinktoform" data-feedbackbuttonname="other:Request Info" data-formid="form_L2_ReactionAnalysis_applicationlinktoform" class="btn btn-secondary btn-action form-modal-toggle btn-requestInfo moreinfo_btn overlay-opener" data-resourcepath="/content/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/jcr:content/applicationlinktoform" data-hascustomrequiredfield="false" data-hasadditionalquoteoptions="true" data-swiftype-index="false" aria-label="Request Info"><span>Request Info</span></button><button style="display:none" data-initiatedtype="requestinfo" data-selectedrequestcat="13" data-requestdemobtn="true" data-buttonid="L2_ReactionAnalysis_applicationlinktoform" data-feedbackbuttonname="other:Request a Demo" data-formid="form_L2_ReactionAnalysis_applicationlinktoform" class="btn btn-secondary btn-action form-modal-toggle btn-requestInfo btn-edemo moreinfo_btn overlay-opener" data-resourcepath="/content/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/jcr:content/applicationlinktoform" data-hascustomrequiredfield="false" data-hasadditionalquoteoptions="true" data-instructionstorecipient="MT_eDEMO" data-swiftype-index="false" aria-label="Request a Demo"><span>Request a Demo</span></button><var hidden="true" data-swiftype-name="cta" data-swiftype-type="string">/content/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis.fb.1.c.11.html</var><button data-initiatedtype="getaquote" data-selectedrequestcat="11" data-buttonid="L2_ReactionAnalysis_applicationlinktoform" data-feedbackbuttonname="other:Get a Quote" data-formid="form_L2_ReactionAnalysis_applicationlinktoform" class="btn btn-primary btn-action form-modal-toggle btn-getQuote overlay-opener" data-resourcepath="/content/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/jcr:content/applicationlinktoform" data-hascustomrequiredfield="false" data-hasadditionalquoteoptions="true" data-swiftype-index="false" data-isProductModelPageWithCart="false" aria-label="Get a Quote"><span>Get a Quote</span></button><script>MT(function(){if(MT(".form .estore").length>0){MT(".form .getquote_btn").hide();}});</script> </div></div><div class="applicationtabs p5tabs"><link rel="stylesheet" href="/etc/designs/mt/widgets/misc/p5.min-v54.css" type="text/css"><script src="/etc/designs/mt/widgets/misc/p5.min-v54.js"></script> <div class="p5tabs_singlePage"><div id="applicationtabs"><div class="introtext_wrapper"><div class="introtext_order_2" style="display:none;"><div class="seopar parsys"></div></div><div class="introtext_order_1"><div class="ptabs_wrapper "><ul class="ptabs" data-single-page="true"><li class="mt_ptab selected overviewaf " data-tab-name="overviewaf"><a href="#overviewaf">Overview</a></li><li class="mt_ptab applications " data-tab-name="applications"><a href="#applications">Applications</a></li><li class="mt_ptab publications " data-tab-name="publications"><a href="#publications">Publications</a></li><li class="mt_ptab productsolutions " data-tab-name="productsolutions"><a href="#productsolutions">Related Products</a></li><li class="mt_ptab custom5 hidden" data-tab-name="custom5"><a href="#custom5">More Information</a></li></ul><button type="button" class="MTtabs_overflow_left " aria-label="Previous Tab"><div class="MTtabs_overflow_arrow_outer"><div class="MTtabs_overflow_arrow_inner"><svg viewBox="0 0 18 18" role="presentation" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" style="height:16px;width:16px;display:block;fill:currentColor"><path d="m13.7 16.29a1 1 0 1 1 -1.42 1.41l-8-8a1 1 0 0 1 0-1.41l8-8a1 1 0 1 1 1.42 1.41l-7.29 7.29z" fill-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></div></div><div class="MTtabs_overflow_mask_left"></div></button><button type="button" class="MTtabs_overflow_right " aria-label="Next Tab"><div class="MTtabs_overflow_mask_right"></div><div class="MTtabs_overflow_arrow_outer"><div class="MTtabs_overflow_arrow_inner"><svg viewBox="0 0 18 18" role="presentation" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" style="height:16px;width:16px;display:block;fill:currentColor"><path d="m4.29 1.71a1 1 0 1 1 1.42-1.41l8 8a1 1 0 0 1 0 1.41l-8 8a1 1 0 1 1 -1.42-1.41l7.29-7.29z" fill-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></div></div></button></div><div class="ptab-content first-ptab-content overviewaf" data-tab-name="overviewaf" id="overviewaf"><div><div class="overviewafpar parsys"><div class="responsivefeaturecontent section"><script src="/etc/designs/mt/widgets/misc/responsivefeaturecontent.min-v54.js"></script> <style>#responsive-content-wrapper-2d70a590-9bf8-4e92-b533-9a5371b64767{position:relative;background-color:none;margin-top:10px;overflow:hidden;margin-bottom:4px;border:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-2d70a590-9bf8-4e92-b533-9a5371b64767:after{content:"";display:table;clear:both}#responsive-content-wrapper-2d70a590-9bf8-4e92-b533-9a5371b64767 .responsive-content-image{position:absolute;z-index:0;max-width:100%;right:0;margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-2d70a590-9bf8-4e92-b533-9a5371b64767 .responsive-content-image img{max-width:100%;height:auto}#responsive-content-wrapper-2d70a590-9bf8-4e92-b533-9a5371b64767 .mobile-image{display:none}#responsive-content-wrapper-2d70a590-9bf8-4e92-b533-9a5371b64767 .responsive-content-text-links{position:relative;z-index:2;background-color:transparent;width:45%;float:left;margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-2d70a590-9bf8-4e92-b533-9a5371b64767 .responsive-content-text-wrap{padding:15px;text-align:initial}#responsive-content-wrapper-2d70a590-9bf8-4e92-b533-9a5371b64767 .responsive-content-text-wrap .text{padding:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-2d70a590-9bf8-4e92-b533-9a5371b64767 .repsponsive-content-link-wrap{padding:0 15px}#responsive-content-wrapper-2d70a590-9bf8-4e92-b533-9a5371b64767 .repsponsive-content-link-wrap .feedbackb{padding:0 0 15px 0}#responsive-content-wrapper-2d70a590-9bf8-4e92-b533-9a5371b64767 .responsive-content-title{font-size:1.66rem;line-height:normal;font-weight:bold}#responsive-content-wrapper-2d70a590-9bf8-4e92-b533-9a5371b64767 .responsive-content-subtitle{margin-top:0;font-size:1.5rem;line-height:normal;font-weight:normal;color:#a0a0a0}#responsive-content-wrapper-2d70a590-9bf8-4e92-b533-9a5371b64767.subtle .responsive-content-text-wrap,#responsive-content-wrapper-2d70a590-9bf8-4e92-b533-9a5371b64767.subtle .responsive-content-text-wrap p,#responsive-content-wrapper-2d70a590-9bf8-4e92-b533-9a5371b64767.subtle .responsive-content-text-wrap ul,#responsive-content-wrapper-2d70a590-9bf8-4e92-b533-9a5371b64767.subtle .responsive-content-text-wrap ol{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.5rem}#responsive-content-wrapper-2d70a590-9bf8-4e92-b533-9a5371b64767.subtle .responsive-content-text-wrap ul,#responsive-content-wrapper-2d70a590-9bf8-4e92-b533-9a5371b64767.subtle .responsive-content-text-wrap ol{margin-left:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-2d70a590-9bf8-4e92-b533-9a5371b64767.prominent .responsive-content-title{font-size:3rem;line-height:3rem}#responsive-content-wrapper-2d70a590-9bf8-4e92-b533-9a5371b64767.prominent .responsive-content-subtitle{font-size:1.5rem;line-height:1.75rem}#responsive-content-wrapper-2d70a590-9bf8-4e92-b533-9a5371b64767 .responsive-content-text-wrap p:first-child{margin-top:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-2d70a590-9bf8-4e92-b533-9a5371b64767 .responsive-content-text-wrap p:last-child{margin-bottom:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-2d70a590-9bf8-4e92-b533-9a5371b64767 .text-light .responsive-content-title,#responsive-content-wrapper-2d70a590-9bf8-4e92-b533-9a5371b64767 .text-light .responsive-content-text-wrap p{color:#fff}#responsive-content-wrapper-2d70a590-9bf8-4e92-b533-9a5371b64767{background:0;background:-moz-linear-gradient(none,none,#fff);background:-webkit-linear-gradient(none,none,#fff);background:-o-linear-gradient(none,none,#fff);background:-ms-linear-gradient(none,none,#fff)}#responsive-content-wrapper-2d70a590-9bf8-4e92-b533-9a5371b64767 .responsive-content-video{position:absolute;z-index:1;right:0;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-2d70a590-9bf8-4e92-b533-9a5371b64767 .simplelinklist{margin-top:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-2d70a590-9bf8-4e92-b533-9a5371b64767 .simplelinklist ul li{font-size:1rem}.mt_direction_right_to_left .responsive-content-text-wrap{text-align:right!important}@media(max-width:768px){#responsive-content-wrapper-2d70a590-9bf8-4e92-b533-9a5371b64767{min-height:0!important;height:100%;overflow:hidden;margin:4px 2px 0 2px}#responsive-content-wrapper-2d70a590-9bf8-4e92-b533-9a5371b64767 .show-on-mobile{display:block}#responsive-content-wrapper-2d70a590-9bf8-4e92-b533-9a5371b64767 .hide-on-mobile,#responsive-content-wrapper-2d70a590-9bf8-4e92-b533-9a5371b64767 .responsive-content-image .imageGradient{display:none}#responsive-content-wrapper-2d70a590-9bf8-4e92-b533-9a5371b64767 .responsive-content-text-links,#responsive-content-wrapper-2d70a590-9bf8-4e92-b533-9a5371b64767 .responsive-content-image,#responsive-content-wrapper-2d70a590-9bf8-4e92-b533-9a5371b64767 .responsive-content-video{position:relative;float:none;clear:both;width:auto;box-sizing:border-box;margin-top:15px;margin-bottom:15px;margin-right:15px;margin-left:15px}#responsive-content-wrapper-2d70a590-9bf8-4e92-b533-9a5371b64767 .responsive-content-text-links{margin-top:15px;margin-bottom:15px;margin-right:15px;margin-left:15px}#responsive-content-wrapper-2d70a590-9bf8-4e92-b533-9a5371b64767 .responsive-content-text-wrap{text-align:initial}#responsive-content-wrapper-2d70a590-9bf8-4e92-b533-9a5371b64767 .responsive-content-image{text-align:center;margin-top:15px;margin-right:0;margin-left:0;margin-bottom:15px}#responsive-content-wrapper-2d70a590-9bf8-4e92-b533-9a5371b64767 .text-light .responsive-content-title,#responsive-content-wrapper-2d70a590-9bf8-4e92-b533-9a5371b64767 .text-light .responsive-content-text-wrap p{color:#666}#responsive-content-wrapper-2d70a590-9bf8-4e92-b533-9a5371b64767 .responsive-content-title{margin-top:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-2d70a590-9bf8-4e92-b533-9a5371b64767 .repsponsive-content-link-wrap .simplelinklist a.white-link,#responsive-content-wrapper-2d70a590-9bf8-4e92-b533-9a5371b64767 .repsponsive-content-link-wrap .simplelinklist a.white-link:hover{color:#004494;text-decoration:none}}</style><div class="responsive-content-wrapper subtle image-top" id="responsive-content-wrapper-2d70a590-9bf8-4e92-b533-9a5371b64767" style="min-height:315px;"><div class="responsive-content-video "><div class="multimedia multimediareference"><script type="text/javascript">hideEditBar=true;</script> <div class="embeddedvideo"><link rel="stylesheet" href="/etc/designs/mt/widgets/misc/embeddedvideo.min-v54.css" type="text/css"><script defer src="/etc/designs/mt/widgets/misc/embeddedvideo.min-v54.js"></script> <div class="embeddedVideo" data-advanced-option="false" data-has-preview-image="true" data-video-id="yrxErHLFU_M" data-component-id="-2120782796"><h3 class="mediaLabel hide "></h3><div id="mediaContainerWrapper_-2120782796" style="max-width: 560px; width: 100%"><div class="mediaContainer embeddedVideoPreloading" data-external-url="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yrxErHLFU_M&list=PLKhuagfVLPzQGWGg8ksvOWhelZIZWcFZ2" id="mediaContainer_-2120782796" style="width: 560px; height:315px" data-advanced-option="false" data-width="560" data-height="315" data-video-id="yrxErHLFU_M"><button class="mt-btn-link" id="mediaVideoButton_-2120782796" rel="nofollow"><div class="mediaPreviewImage"><picture><img loading="lazy" loading="lazy" src="/sg/en/multimedia/content/product-organizations/autochem/modern-synthesis-lab/_jcr_content/multiMediaPar/embeddedvideo/previewImage.webImage.file.png" height="315" width="100%" id="previewImage_-2120782796"></picture><span class="mediaVideoIcon"></span></div></button></div></div><div class="clear_all"></div><div class="mediaDescription hide" style="max-width: 560px;width:100%;"></div></div></div></div></div><div class="responsive-content-text-links "><div class="responsive-content-text-wrap"><h2 class="responsive-content-title">What is Chemical Synthesis?</h2><div class="text"><p>Chemical synthesis describes the physico-chemical transformation that occurs when two or more simpler molecules combine in a controlled fashion to produce a more complex chemical product. Often chemical synthesis is far more complex than A+B = C, and mixtures can occur containing product(s) and by-products.</p><p>Chemical synthesis is employed in the development of all commercially important products in pharmaceutical, polymer, fine and bulk chemical industries. The success of a chemical synthesis, which is defined as producing the target molecule with the correct economies and quality, is related to a efficient use of reactants and reagent via a thorough understanding and control of reaction variables. </p></div></div></div></div></div><div class="responsivefeaturecontent section"><style>#responsive-content-wrapper-9cbc03a1-3a5d-44ef-97bc-00f72ce69fb0{position:relative;background-color:none;margin-top:0;overflow:hidden;margin-bottom:4px;border:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-9cbc03a1-3a5d-44ef-97bc-00f72ce69fb0:after{content:"";display:table;clear:both}#responsive-content-wrapper-9cbc03a1-3a5d-44ef-97bc-00f72ce69fb0 .responsive-content-image{position:absolute;z-index:0;max-width:100%;right:0;margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-9cbc03a1-3a5d-44ef-97bc-00f72ce69fb0 .responsive-content-image img{max-width:100%;height:auto}#responsive-content-wrapper-9cbc03a1-3a5d-44ef-97bc-00f72ce69fb0 .mobile-image{display:none}#responsive-content-wrapper-9cbc03a1-3a5d-44ef-97bc-00f72ce69fb0 .responsive-content-text-links{position:relative;z-index:2;background-color:transparent;width:90%;float:left;margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-9cbc03a1-3a5d-44ef-97bc-00f72ce69fb0 .responsive-content-text-wrap{padding:15px;text-align:initial}#responsive-content-wrapper-9cbc03a1-3a5d-44ef-97bc-00f72ce69fb0 .responsive-content-text-wrap .text{padding:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-9cbc03a1-3a5d-44ef-97bc-00f72ce69fb0 .repsponsive-content-link-wrap{padding:0 15px}#responsive-content-wrapper-9cbc03a1-3a5d-44ef-97bc-00f72ce69fb0 .repsponsive-content-link-wrap .feedbackb{padding:0 0 15px 0}#responsive-content-wrapper-9cbc03a1-3a5d-44ef-97bc-00f72ce69fb0 .responsive-content-title{font-size:1.66rem;line-height:normal;font-weight:bold}#responsive-content-wrapper-9cbc03a1-3a5d-44ef-97bc-00f72ce69fb0 .responsive-content-subtitle{margin-top:0;font-size:1.5rem;line-height:normal;font-weight:normal;color:#a0a0a0}#responsive-content-wrapper-9cbc03a1-3a5d-44ef-97bc-00f72ce69fb0.subtle .responsive-content-text-wrap,#responsive-content-wrapper-9cbc03a1-3a5d-44ef-97bc-00f72ce69fb0.subtle .responsive-content-text-wrap p,#responsive-content-wrapper-9cbc03a1-3a5d-44ef-97bc-00f72ce69fb0.subtle .responsive-content-text-wrap ul,#responsive-content-wrapper-9cbc03a1-3a5d-44ef-97bc-00f72ce69fb0.subtle .responsive-content-text-wrap ol{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.5rem}#responsive-content-wrapper-9cbc03a1-3a5d-44ef-97bc-00f72ce69fb0.subtle .responsive-content-text-wrap ul,#responsive-content-wrapper-9cbc03a1-3a5d-44ef-97bc-00f72ce69fb0.subtle .responsive-content-text-wrap ol{margin-left:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-9cbc03a1-3a5d-44ef-97bc-00f72ce69fb0.prominent .responsive-content-title{font-size:3rem;line-height:3rem}#responsive-content-wrapper-9cbc03a1-3a5d-44ef-97bc-00f72ce69fb0.prominent .responsive-content-subtitle{font-size:1.5rem;line-height:1.75rem}#responsive-content-wrapper-9cbc03a1-3a5d-44ef-97bc-00f72ce69fb0 .responsive-content-text-wrap p:first-child{margin-top:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-9cbc03a1-3a5d-44ef-97bc-00f72ce69fb0 .responsive-content-text-wrap p:last-child{margin-bottom:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-9cbc03a1-3a5d-44ef-97bc-00f72ce69fb0 .text-light .responsive-content-title,#responsive-content-wrapper-9cbc03a1-3a5d-44ef-97bc-00f72ce69fb0 .text-light .responsive-content-text-wrap p{color:#fff}#responsive-content-wrapper-9cbc03a1-3a5d-44ef-97bc-00f72ce69fb0{background:0;background:-moz-linear-gradient(none,none,#fff);background:-webkit-linear-gradient(none,none,#fff);background:-o-linear-gradient(none,none,#fff);background:-ms-linear-gradient(none,none,#fff)}#responsive-content-wrapper-9cbc03a1-3a5d-44ef-97bc-00f72ce69fb0 .responsive-content-video{position:absolute;z-index:1;left:0;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:500px;margin-right:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-9cbc03a1-3a5d-44ef-97bc-00f72ce69fb0 .simplelinklist{margin-top:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-9cbc03a1-3a5d-44ef-97bc-00f72ce69fb0 .simplelinklist ul li{font-size:1rem}.mt_direction_right_to_left .responsive-content-text-wrap{text-align:right!important}@media(max-width:768px){#responsive-content-wrapper-9cbc03a1-3a5d-44ef-97bc-00f72ce69fb0{min-height:0!important;height:100%;overflow:hidden;margin:4px 2px 0 2px}#responsive-content-wrapper-9cbc03a1-3a5d-44ef-97bc-00f72ce69fb0 .show-on-mobile{display:block}#responsive-content-wrapper-9cbc03a1-3a5d-44ef-97bc-00f72ce69fb0 .hide-on-mobile,#responsive-content-wrapper-9cbc03a1-3a5d-44ef-97bc-00f72ce69fb0 .responsive-content-image .imageGradient{display:none}#responsive-content-wrapper-9cbc03a1-3a5d-44ef-97bc-00f72ce69fb0 .responsive-content-text-links,#responsive-content-wrapper-9cbc03a1-3a5d-44ef-97bc-00f72ce69fb0 .responsive-content-image,#responsive-content-wrapper-9cbc03a1-3a5d-44ef-97bc-00f72ce69fb0 .responsive-content-video{position:relative;float:none;clear:both;width:auto;box-sizing:border-box;margin-top:15px;margin-bottom:15px;margin-right:15px;margin-left:15px}#responsive-content-wrapper-9cbc03a1-3a5d-44ef-97bc-00f72ce69fb0 .responsive-content-text-links{margin-top:15px;margin-bottom:15px;margin-right:15px;margin-left:15px}#responsive-content-wrapper-9cbc03a1-3a5d-44ef-97bc-00f72ce69fb0 .responsive-content-text-wrap{text-align:initial}#responsive-content-wrapper-9cbc03a1-3a5d-44ef-97bc-00f72ce69fb0 .responsive-content-image{text-align:center;margin-top:15px;margin-right:0;margin-left:0;margin-bottom:15px}#responsive-content-wrapper-9cbc03a1-3a5d-44ef-97bc-00f72ce69fb0 .text-light .responsive-content-title,#responsive-content-wrapper-9cbc03a1-3a5d-44ef-97bc-00f72ce69fb0 .text-light .responsive-content-text-wrap p{color:#666}#responsive-content-wrapper-9cbc03a1-3a5d-44ef-97bc-00f72ce69fb0 .responsive-content-title{margin-top:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-9cbc03a1-3a5d-44ef-97bc-00f72ce69fb0 .repsponsive-content-link-wrap .simplelinklist a.white-link,#responsive-content-wrapper-9cbc03a1-3a5d-44ef-97bc-00f72ce69fb0 .repsponsive-content-link-wrap .simplelinklist a.white-link:hover{color:#004494;text-decoration:none}}</style><div class="responsive-content-wrapper subtle image-top" id="responsive-content-wrapper-9cbc03a1-3a5d-44ef-97bc-00f72ce69fb0" style="min-height:0px;"><div class="responsive-content-text-links "><div class="responsive-content-text-wrap"><h2 class="responsive-content-title">Modern Chemical Synthesis</h2><h3 class="responsive-content-subtitle"><strong>Comprehensive Understanding and Control</strong></h3><div class="text"><p>Modern chemical synthesis is responsible for all of the manufactured organic- and inorganic-based products that are developed to benefit civilization. Modern chemical synthesis requires that processes are well-understood, well-controlled, and produce results that meet economic, quality and safety objectives, while at the same time minimizing environmental impact.</p><p>Modern chemical synthesis employs sophisticated hardware and software to ensure the fundamental objectives of quality, safety, and yield are met. These tools extend from chemical development, where an understanding of reaction kinetics, thermodynamics, and the effect of reaction variables is fully characterized, to manufacturing where quality control and process stability are the keys to economic success. </p></div></div></div></div></div><div class="responsivefeaturecontent section"><style>#responsive-content-wrapper-57ab8600-b6ce-414b-94a0-fa2e90b87caf{position:relative;background-color:none;margin-top:0;overflow:hidden;margin-bottom:4px;border:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-57ab8600-b6ce-414b-94a0-fa2e90b87caf:after{content:"";display:table;clear:both}#responsive-content-wrapper-57ab8600-b6ce-414b-94a0-fa2e90b87caf .responsive-content-image{position:absolute;z-index:0;max-width:100%;right:0;margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-57ab8600-b6ce-414b-94a0-fa2e90b87caf .responsive-content-image img{max-width:100%;height:auto}#responsive-content-wrapper-57ab8600-b6ce-414b-94a0-fa2e90b87caf .mobile-image{display:none}#responsive-content-wrapper-57ab8600-b6ce-414b-94a0-fa2e90b87caf .responsive-content-text-links{position:relative;z-index:2;background-color:transparent;width:90%;float:left;margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-57ab8600-b6ce-414b-94a0-fa2e90b87caf .responsive-content-text-wrap{padding:15px;text-align:initial}#responsive-content-wrapper-57ab8600-b6ce-414b-94a0-fa2e90b87caf .responsive-content-text-wrap .text{padding:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-57ab8600-b6ce-414b-94a0-fa2e90b87caf .repsponsive-content-link-wrap{padding:0 15px}#responsive-content-wrapper-57ab8600-b6ce-414b-94a0-fa2e90b87caf .repsponsive-content-link-wrap .feedbackb{padding:0 0 15px 0}#responsive-content-wrapper-57ab8600-b6ce-414b-94a0-fa2e90b87caf .responsive-content-title{font-size:1.66rem;line-height:normal;font-weight:bold}#responsive-content-wrapper-57ab8600-b6ce-414b-94a0-fa2e90b87caf .responsive-content-subtitle{margin-top:0;font-size:1.5rem;line-height:normal;font-weight:normal;color:#a0a0a0}#responsive-content-wrapper-57ab8600-b6ce-414b-94a0-fa2e90b87caf.subtle .responsive-content-text-wrap,#responsive-content-wrapper-57ab8600-b6ce-414b-94a0-fa2e90b87caf.subtle .responsive-content-text-wrap p,#responsive-content-wrapper-57ab8600-b6ce-414b-94a0-fa2e90b87caf.subtle .responsive-content-text-wrap ul,#responsive-content-wrapper-57ab8600-b6ce-414b-94a0-fa2e90b87caf.subtle .responsive-content-text-wrap ol{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.5rem}#responsive-content-wrapper-57ab8600-b6ce-414b-94a0-fa2e90b87caf.subtle .responsive-content-text-wrap ul,#responsive-content-wrapper-57ab8600-b6ce-414b-94a0-fa2e90b87caf.subtle .responsive-content-text-wrap ol{margin-left:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-57ab8600-b6ce-414b-94a0-fa2e90b87caf.prominent .responsive-content-title{font-size:3rem;line-height:3rem}#responsive-content-wrapper-57ab8600-b6ce-414b-94a0-fa2e90b87caf.prominent .responsive-content-subtitle{font-size:1.5rem;line-height:1.75rem}#responsive-content-wrapper-57ab8600-b6ce-414b-94a0-fa2e90b87caf .responsive-content-text-wrap p:first-child{margin-top:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-57ab8600-b6ce-414b-94a0-fa2e90b87caf .responsive-content-text-wrap p:last-child{margin-bottom:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-57ab8600-b6ce-414b-94a0-fa2e90b87caf .text-light .responsive-content-title,#responsive-content-wrapper-57ab8600-b6ce-414b-94a0-fa2e90b87caf .text-light .responsive-content-text-wrap p{color:#fff}#responsive-content-wrapper-57ab8600-b6ce-414b-94a0-fa2e90b87caf{background:0;background:-moz-linear-gradient(none,none,#fff);background:-webkit-linear-gradient(none,none,#fff);background:-o-linear-gradient(none,none,#fff);background:-ms-linear-gradient(none,none,#fff)}#responsive-content-wrapper-57ab8600-b6ce-414b-94a0-fa2e90b87caf .responsive-content-video{position:absolute;z-index:1;left:0;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-57ab8600-b6ce-414b-94a0-fa2e90b87caf .simplelinklist{margin-top:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-57ab8600-b6ce-414b-94a0-fa2e90b87caf .simplelinklist ul li{font-size:1rem}.mt_direction_right_to_left .responsive-content-text-wrap{text-align:right!important}@media(max-width:768px){#responsive-content-wrapper-57ab8600-b6ce-414b-94a0-fa2e90b87caf{min-height:0!important;height:100%;overflow:hidden;margin:4px 2px 0 2px}#responsive-content-wrapper-57ab8600-b6ce-414b-94a0-fa2e90b87caf .show-on-mobile{display:block}#responsive-content-wrapper-57ab8600-b6ce-414b-94a0-fa2e90b87caf .hide-on-mobile,#responsive-content-wrapper-57ab8600-b6ce-414b-94a0-fa2e90b87caf .responsive-content-image .imageGradient{display:none}#responsive-content-wrapper-57ab8600-b6ce-414b-94a0-fa2e90b87caf .responsive-content-text-links,#responsive-content-wrapper-57ab8600-b6ce-414b-94a0-fa2e90b87caf .responsive-content-image,#responsive-content-wrapper-57ab8600-b6ce-414b-94a0-fa2e90b87caf .responsive-content-video{position:relative;float:none;clear:both;width:auto;box-sizing:border-box;margin-top:15px;margin-bottom:15px;margin-right:15px;margin-left:15px}#responsive-content-wrapper-57ab8600-b6ce-414b-94a0-fa2e90b87caf .responsive-content-text-links{margin-top:15px;margin-bottom:15px;margin-right:15px;margin-left:15px}#responsive-content-wrapper-57ab8600-b6ce-414b-94a0-fa2e90b87caf .responsive-content-text-wrap{text-align:initial}#responsive-content-wrapper-57ab8600-b6ce-414b-94a0-fa2e90b87caf .responsive-content-image{text-align:center;margin-top:15px;margin-right:0;margin-left:0;margin-bottom:15px}#responsive-content-wrapper-57ab8600-b6ce-414b-94a0-fa2e90b87caf .text-light .responsive-content-title,#responsive-content-wrapper-57ab8600-b6ce-414b-94a0-fa2e90b87caf .text-light .responsive-content-text-wrap p{color:#666}#responsive-content-wrapper-57ab8600-b6ce-414b-94a0-fa2e90b87caf .responsive-content-title{margin-top:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-57ab8600-b6ce-414b-94a0-fa2e90b87caf .repsponsive-content-link-wrap .simplelinklist a.white-link,#responsive-content-wrapper-57ab8600-b6ce-414b-94a0-fa2e90b87caf .repsponsive-content-link-wrap .simplelinklist a.white-link:hover{color:#004494;text-decoration:none}}</style><div class="responsive-content-wrapper subtle image-top" id="responsive-content-wrapper-57ab8600-b6ce-414b-94a0-fa2e90b87caf" style="min-height:0px;"><div class="responsive-content-text-links "><div class="responsive-content-text-wrap"><h2 class="responsive-content-title">Chemical Synthesis Laboratory</h2><h3 class="responsive-content-subtitle"><strong>Beyond the Round Bottom Flask</strong></h3><div class="text"><p>The chemical synthesis lab has undergone significant changes in fairly recent years. The classic analog tools of chemical synthesis, such as round bottom flasks, heating mantles, cooling baths, stirring devices are rapidly being replaced by precise, digitally controlled synthesis technology such as automated laboratory reactors that result in far more reproducible reaction control.</p><p>The manner in which chemistry is performed is changing, as well. Classical chemical batch reactions are being replaced by continuous flow reactions that offer better yield, higher quality and safer reactions. In support of these new approaches to performing chemical synthesis, analytical equipment in the chemical synthesis lab has also changed. Offline, manual, wet chemical, and chromatography methods are rapidly giving way to online or inline real-time analysis. This direction of moving away from single point, offline measurement to data-rich, real-time analysis, supports one of the major trends in modern chemical synthesis – <a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_PAT/quality-by-design.html" target="_blank">Quality by Design</a> (QbD). </p></div></div></div></div></div><div class="responsivefeaturecontent section"><style>#responsive-content-wrapper-89a6b129-5fc8-4cee-a504-c69b7aa5be9d{position:relative;background-color:none;margin-top:0;overflow:hidden;margin-bottom:4px;border:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-89a6b129-5fc8-4cee-a504-c69b7aa5be9d:after{content:"";display:table;clear:both}#responsive-content-wrapper-89a6b129-5fc8-4cee-a504-c69b7aa5be9d .responsive-content-image{position:absolute;z-index:0;max-width:100%;right:0;margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-89a6b129-5fc8-4cee-a504-c69b7aa5be9d .responsive-content-image img{max-width:100%;height:auto}#responsive-content-wrapper-89a6b129-5fc8-4cee-a504-c69b7aa5be9d .mobile-image{display:none}#responsive-content-wrapper-89a6b129-5fc8-4cee-a504-c69b7aa5be9d .responsive-content-text-links{position:relative;z-index:2;background-color:transparent;width:90%;float:left;margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-89a6b129-5fc8-4cee-a504-c69b7aa5be9d .responsive-content-text-wrap{padding:15px;text-align:initial}#responsive-content-wrapper-89a6b129-5fc8-4cee-a504-c69b7aa5be9d .responsive-content-text-wrap .text{padding:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-89a6b129-5fc8-4cee-a504-c69b7aa5be9d .repsponsive-content-link-wrap{padding:0 15px}#responsive-content-wrapper-89a6b129-5fc8-4cee-a504-c69b7aa5be9d .repsponsive-content-link-wrap .feedbackb{padding:0 0 15px 0}#responsive-content-wrapper-89a6b129-5fc8-4cee-a504-c69b7aa5be9d .responsive-content-title{font-size:1.66rem;line-height:normal;font-weight:bold}#responsive-content-wrapper-89a6b129-5fc8-4cee-a504-c69b7aa5be9d .responsive-content-subtitle{margin-top:0;font-size:1.5rem;line-height:normal;font-weight:normal;color:#a0a0a0}#responsive-content-wrapper-89a6b129-5fc8-4cee-a504-c69b7aa5be9d.subtle .responsive-content-text-wrap,#responsive-content-wrapper-89a6b129-5fc8-4cee-a504-c69b7aa5be9d.subtle .responsive-content-text-wrap p,#responsive-content-wrapper-89a6b129-5fc8-4cee-a504-c69b7aa5be9d.subtle .responsive-content-text-wrap ul,#responsive-content-wrapper-89a6b129-5fc8-4cee-a504-c69b7aa5be9d.subtle .responsive-content-text-wrap ol{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.5rem}#responsive-content-wrapper-89a6b129-5fc8-4cee-a504-c69b7aa5be9d.subtle .responsive-content-text-wrap ul,#responsive-content-wrapper-89a6b129-5fc8-4cee-a504-c69b7aa5be9d.subtle .responsive-content-text-wrap ol{margin-left:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-89a6b129-5fc8-4cee-a504-c69b7aa5be9d.prominent .responsive-content-title{font-size:3rem;line-height:3rem}#responsive-content-wrapper-89a6b129-5fc8-4cee-a504-c69b7aa5be9d.prominent .responsive-content-subtitle{font-size:1.5rem;line-height:1.75rem}#responsive-content-wrapper-89a6b129-5fc8-4cee-a504-c69b7aa5be9d .responsive-content-text-wrap p:first-child{margin-top:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-89a6b129-5fc8-4cee-a504-c69b7aa5be9d .responsive-content-text-wrap p:last-child{margin-bottom:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-89a6b129-5fc8-4cee-a504-c69b7aa5be9d .text-light .responsive-content-title,#responsive-content-wrapper-89a6b129-5fc8-4cee-a504-c69b7aa5be9d .text-light .responsive-content-text-wrap p{color:#fff}#responsive-content-wrapper-89a6b129-5fc8-4cee-a504-c69b7aa5be9d{background:0;background:-moz-linear-gradient(none,none,#fff);background:-webkit-linear-gradient(none,none,#fff);background:-o-linear-gradient(none,none,#fff);background:-ms-linear-gradient(none,none,#fff)}#responsive-content-wrapper-89a6b129-5fc8-4cee-a504-c69b7aa5be9d .responsive-content-video{position:absolute;z-index:1;left:0;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-89a6b129-5fc8-4cee-a504-c69b7aa5be9d .simplelinklist{margin-top:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-89a6b129-5fc8-4cee-a504-c69b7aa5be9d .simplelinklist ul li{font-size:1rem}.mt_direction_right_to_left .responsive-content-text-wrap{text-align:right!important}@media(max-width:768px){#responsive-content-wrapper-89a6b129-5fc8-4cee-a504-c69b7aa5be9d{min-height:0!important;height:100%;overflow:hidden;margin:4px 2px 0 2px}#responsive-content-wrapper-89a6b129-5fc8-4cee-a504-c69b7aa5be9d .show-on-mobile{display:block}#responsive-content-wrapper-89a6b129-5fc8-4cee-a504-c69b7aa5be9d .hide-on-mobile,#responsive-content-wrapper-89a6b129-5fc8-4cee-a504-c69b7aa5be9d .responsive-content-image .imageGradient{display:none}#responsive-content-wrapper-89a6b129-5fc8-4cee-a504-c69b7aa5be9d .responsive-content-text-links,#responsive-content-wrapper-89a6b129-5fc8-4cee-a504-c69b7aa5be9d .responsive-content-image,#responsive-content-wrapper-89a6b129-5fc8-4cee-a504-c69b7aa5be9d .responsive-content-video{position:relative;float:none;clear:both;width:auto;box-sizing:border-box;margin-top:15px;margin-bottom:15px;margin-right:15px;margin-left:15px}#responsive-content-wrapper-89a6b129-5fc8-4cee-a504-c69b7aa5be9d .responsive-content-text-links{margin-top:15px;margin-bottom:15px;margin-right:15px;margin-left:15px}#responsive-content-wrapper-89a6b129-5fc8-4cee-a504-c69b7aa5be9d .responsive-content-text-wrap{text-align:initial}#responsive-content-wrapper-89a6b129-5fc8-4cee-a504-c69b7aa5be9d .responsive-content-image{text-align:center;margin-top:15px;margin-right:0;margin-left:0;margin-bottom:15px}#responsive-content-wrapper-89a6b129-5fc8-4cee-a504-c69b7aa5be9d .text-light .responsive-content-title,#responsive-content-wrapper-89a6b129-5fc8-4cee-a504-c69b7aa5be9d .text-light .responsive-content-text-wrap p{color:#666}#responsive-content-wrapper-89a6b129-5fc8-4cee-a504-c69b7aa5be9d .responsive-content-title{margin-top:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-89a6b129-5fc8-4cee-a504-c69b7aa5be9d .repsponsive-content-link-wrap .simplelinklist a.white-link,#responsive-content-wrapper-89a6b129-5fc8-4cee-a504-c69b7aa5be9d .repsponsive-content-link-wrap .simplelinklist a.white-link:hover{color:#004494;text-decoration:none}}</style><div class="responsive-content-wrapper subtle image-top" id="responsive-content-wrapper-89a6b129-5fc8-4cee-a504-c69b7aa5be9d" style="min-height:0px;"><div class="responsive-content-text-links "><div class="responsive-content-text-wrap"><h2 class="responsive-content-title">Chemical Synthesis Technologies</h2><div class="text"><p>Modern chemical synthesis in both lab and production requires advanced technologies that meet the new requirements of quality, safety, and productivity. <a href="/sg/en/home/products/L1_AutochemProducts/chemical-synthesis-reactor-systems/EasyMax-Synthesis-Reactor.html" _rte_href="/sg/en/home/products/L1_AutochemProducts/chemical-synthesis-reactor-systems/EasyMax-Synthesis-Reactor.html" target="_blank">EasyMax</a><a href="/sg/en/home/products/L1_AutochemProducts/chemical-synthesis-reactor-systems.html" target="_blank" _rte_href="/sg/en/home/products/L1_AutochemProducts/chemical-synthesis-reactor-systems.html">chemical synthesis reactor</a>, often equipped with calorimetric capability, is used in pharmaceutical and chemical development laboratories to optimize reaction variables, for faster scale-up, for measuring reaction thermodynamics and to ensure process safety. The automated laboratory reactor is a superior technology to support <a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/design-of-experiments-doe.html" target="_blank" _rte_href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/design-of-experiments-doe.html">Design of Experiment (DoE) applications</a> and other methods that mathematically relate experimental parameters and performance.</p><p>When particle size, form, and distribution are crucial, EasyViewer and ParticleTrack <a href="/sg/en/home/products/L1_AutochemProducts/particle-size-analyzers.html" target="_blank" _rte_href="/sg/en/home/products/L1_AutochemProducts/particle-size-analyzers.html">particle size analyzers</a> are often used in conjunction with EasyMax. When offline testing is required,  EasySampler automatically removes a reaction sample at pre-selected times and quench/dilutes it under reaction conditions for HPLC or other analyses.  EasySampler operates unattended 24/7 and does not interrupt the reaction or affect reaction conditions.  For real-time, in situ analysis, <a href="/sg/en/home/products/L1_AutochemProducts/ftir-and-raman-spectrometers/ftir-spectrometers.html" target="_blank" _rte_href="/sg/en/home/products/L1_AutochemProducts/ftir-and-raman-spectrometers/ftir-spectrometers.html">ReactIR</a> and <a href="/sg/en/home/products/L1_AutochemProducts/ftir-and-raman-spectrometers/raman-spectrometers.html" target="_blank" _rte_href="/sg/en/home/products/L1_AutochemProducts/ftir-and-raman-spectrometers/raman-spectrometers.html">Raman spectrometer</a> measurements are used for determining reaction kinetics, overall reaction progress, and to support proposed reaction mechanisms.  These spectroscopic technologies provide a critical analytical data stream in both batch and continuous flow applications. </p></div></div></div></div></div><div class="responsivefeaturecontent section"><style>#responsive-content-wrapper-b5a4f7fb-8b8f-456d-a26e-f25769ea9660{position:relative;background-color:none;margin-top:0;overflow:hidden;margin-bottom:4px;border:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-b5a4f7fb-8b8f-456d-a26e-f25769ea9660:after{content:"";display:table;clear:both}#responsive-content-wrapper-b5a4f7fb-8b8f-456d-a26e-f25769ea9660 .responsive-content-image{position:absolute;z-index:0;max-width:100%;right:0;margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-b5a4f7fb-8b8f-456d-a26e-f25769ea9660 .responsive-content-image img{max-width:100%;height:auto}#responsive-content-wrapper-b5a4f7fb-8b8f-456d-a26e-f25769ea9660 .mobile-image{display:none}#responsive-content-wrapper-b5a4f7fb-8b8f-456d-a26e-f25769ea9660 .responsive-content-text-links{position:relative;z-index:2;background-color:transparent;width:90%;float:left;margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-b5a4f7fb-8b8f-456d-a26e-f25769ea9660 .responsive-content-text-wrap{padding:15px;text-align:initial}#responsive-content-wrapper-b5a4f7fb-8b8f-456d-a26e-f25769ea9660 .responsive-content-text-wrap .text{padding:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-b5a4f7fb-8b8f-456d-a26e-f25769ea9660 .repsponsive-content-link-wrap{padding:0 15px}#responsive-content-wrapper-b5a4f7fb-8b8f-456d-a26e-f25769ea9660 .repsponsive-content-link-wrap .feedbackb{padding:0 0 15px 0}#responsive-content-wrapper-b5a4f7fb-8b8f-456d-a26e-f25769ea9660 .responsive-content-title{font-size:1.66rem;line-height:normal;font-weight:bold}#responsive-content-wrapper-b5a4f7fb-8b8f-456d-a26e-f25769ea9660 .responsive-content-subtitle{margin-top:0;font-size:1.5rem;line-height:normal;font-weight:normal;color:#a0a0a0}#responsive-content-wrapper-b5a4f7fb-8b8f-456d-a26e-f25769ea9660.subtle .responsive-content-text-wrap,#responsive-content-wrapper-b5a4f7fb-8b8f-456d-a26e-f25769ea9660.subtle .responsive-content-text-wrap p,#responsive-content-wrapper-b5a4f7fb-8b8f-456d-a26e-f25769ea9660.subtle .responsive-content-text-wrap ul,#responsive-content-wrapper-b5a4f7fb-8b8f-456d-a26e-f25769ea9660.subtle .responsive-content-text-wrap ol{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.5rem}#responsive-content-wrapper-b5a4f7fb-8b8f-456d-a26e-f25769ea9660.subtle .responsive-content-text-wrap ul,#responsive-content-wrapper-b5a4f7fb-8b8f-456d-a26e-f25769ea9660.subtle .responsive-content-text-wrap ol{margin-left:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-b5a4f7fb-8b8f-456d-a26e-f25769ea9660.prominent .responsive-content-title{font-size:3rem;line-height:3rem}#responsive-content-wrapper-b5a4f7fb-8b8f-456d-a26e-f25769ea9660.prominent .responsive-content-subtitle{font-size:1.5rem;line-height:1.75rem}#responsive-content-wrapper-b5a4f7fb-8b8f-456d-a26e-f25769ea9660 .responsive-content-text-wrap p:first-child{margin-top:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-b5a4f7fb-8b8f-456d-a26e-f25769ea9660 .responsive-content-text-wrap p:last-child{margin-bottom:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-b5a4f7fb-8b8f-456d-a26e-f25769ea9660 .text-light .responsive-content-title,#responsive-content-wrapper-b5a4f7fb-8b8f-456d-a26e-f25769ea9660 .text-light .responsive-content-text-wrap p{color:#fff}#responsive-content-wrapper-b5a4f7fb-8b8f-456d-a26e-f25769ea9660{background:0;background:-moz-linear-gradient(none,none,#fff);background:-webkit-linear-gradient(none,none,#fff);background:-o-linear-gradient(none,none,#fff);background:-ms-linear-gradient(none,none,#fff)}#responsive-content-wrapper-b5a4f7fb-8b8f-456d-a26e-f25769ea9660 .responsive-content-video{position:absolute;z-index:1;left:0;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-b5a4f7fb-8b8f-456d-a26e-f25769ea9660 .simplelinklist{margin-top:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-b5a4f7fb-8b8f-456d-a26e-f25769ea9660 .simplelinklist ul li{font-size:1rem}.mt_direction_right_to_left .responsive-content-text-wrap{text-align:right!important}@media(max-width:768px){#responsive-content-wrapper-b5a4f7fb-8b8f-456d-a26e-f25769ea9660{min-height:0!important;height:100%;overflow:hidden;margin:4px 2px 0 2px}#responsive-content-wrapper-b5a4f7fb-8b8f-456d-a26e-f25769ea9660 .show-on-mobile{display:block}#responsive-content-wrapper-b5a4f7fb-8b8f-456d-a26e-f25769ea9660 .hide-on-mobile,#responsive-content-wrapper-b5a4f7fb-8b8f-456d-a26e-f25769ea9660 .responsive-content-image .imageGradient{display:none}#responsive-content-wrapper-b5a4f7fb-8b8f-456d-a26e-f25769ea9660 .responsive-content-text-links,#responsive-content-wrapper-b5a4f7fb-8b8f-456d-a26e-f25769ea9660 .responsive-content-image,#responsive-content-wrapper-b5a4f7fb-8b8f-456d-a26e-f25769ea9660 .responsive-content-video{position:relative;float:none;clear:both;width:auto;box-sizing:border-box;margin-top:15px;margin-bottom:15px;margin-right:15px;margin-left:15px}#responsive-content-wrapper-b5a4f7fb-8b8f-456d-a26e-f25769ea9660 .responsive-content-text-links{margin-top:15px;margin-bottom:15px;margin-right:15px;margin-left:15px}#responsive-content-wrapper-b5a4f7fb-8b8f-456d-a26e-f25769ea9660 .responsive-content-text-wrap{text-align:initial}#responsive-content-wrapper-b5a4f7fb-8b8f-456d-a26e-f25769ea9660 .responsive-content-image{text-align:center;margin-top:15px;margin-right:0;margin-left:0;margin-bottom:15px}#responsive-content-wrapper-b5a4f7fb-8b8f-456d-a26e-f25769ea9660 .text-light .responsive-content-title,#responsive-content-wrapper-b5a4f7fb-8b8f-456d-a26e-f25769ea9660 .text-light .responsive-content-text-wrap p{color:#666}#responsive-content-wrapper-b5a4f7fb-8b8f-456d-a26e-f25769ea9660 .responsive-content-title{margin-top:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-b5a4f7fb-8b8f-456d-a26e-f25769ea9660 .repsponsive-content-link-wrap .simplelinklist a.white-link,#responsive-content-wrapper-b5a4f7fb-8b8f-456d-a26e-f25769ea9660 .repsponsive-content-link-wrap .simplelinklist a.white-link:hover{color:#004494;text-decoration:none}}</style><div class="responsive-content-wrapper subtle image-top" id="responsive-content-wrapper-b5a4f7fb-8b8f-456d-a26e-f25769ea9660" style="min-height:0px;"><div class="responsive-content-text-links "><div class="responsive-content-text-wrap"><h2 class="responsive-content-title">Factors Influencing Chemical Synthesis</h2><div class="text"><ul><li><b>Quality of Reactants, Reagents, and Catalysts </b>– The quality of starting materials and stable sources/vendors of those materials is key to successful, reproducible <a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/synthesis-reactions.html" _rte_href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/synthesis-reactions.html" target="_blank">synthesis reactions and processes</a>.<br><br></li><li><b>Reaction Conditions </b>– Since <a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/synthesis-reactions.html" _rte_href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/synthesis-reactions.html">chemical synthesis reactions</a> are sensitive to parameters such as reaction temperature, pressure, agitation rate and dosing rate, precise and accurate control of these variables is crucial to a successful outcome. EasyMax provides automated parameter control, accuracy, and precision of reaction variables.<br><br></li><li><b>Reaction Equipment</b> – In the pharmaceutical industry, most chemical syntheses are performed in batch mode, but <a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/continuous.html" _rte_href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/continuous.html">continuous flow processes</a> are becoming increasingly more frequent. The bulk chemical industry has used continuous flow processes for years. ReactIR in-situ analysis supports both batch and continuous flow syntheses. The physical configuration of EasyMax reactors are an improvement over the classic round bottom flask due to surface area and agitation efficiency considerations<br><br></li><li><b>Reaction Kinetics</b> – A thorough understanding of reaction rates are crucial to ensure optimized product yield and minimum by-products. Through data-rich experiments, in-situ analyses via ReactIR and ReactRaman simplify and speed the measurement of kinetic factors in synthesis reactions, as well as provides support for proposed reaction mechanisms.  When off-line analysis is preferable, EasySampler automatically removes a sample from the reaction mixture at pre-selected times and quench/dilutes it for HPLC or other analyses. EasySampler removes the sample without interrupting the synthesis or disturbing reaction conditions. <br><br></li><li><b>Product Isolation/Purity</b> – Though advanced separation techniques are a mainstay for product isolation and purity, a thorough understanding of the effect of reaction variables to reduce the presence of impurities that may be difficult to separate for product is important. By optimizing reaction variables, ReactIR with EasyMax aid impurity reduction. As equally important, a thorough understanding and control of crystallization via ParticleTrack and EasyViewer technology is critical to ensuring purity and ease of isolating desired products.<br><br></li><li><b>Safety</b> – Commercially-important chemical synthesis requires lab-to-plant protocols that provide both optimized yield, acceptable impurity profiles, and safe operation. ReactIR advances reaction scale-up by elucidating the effects of reaction variables on overall chemical synthesis performance. Calorimetry ensures safe reactions from screening, through scale-up to process by measuring heats of reaction. ReactIR minimizes exposure of scientists and technicians to toxic chemicals and potentially hazardous reactions by eliminating grab sampling for offline analysis. When offline analysis is required, EasySampler provides automated, in-situ sampling and dilution of samples for HPLC, eliminating worker exposure.</li></ul></div></div></div></div></div><div class="responsivefeaturecontent section"><style>#responsive-content-wrapper-48a33ac4-1cb1-4f96-b676-49ecbc5d536f{position:relative;background-color:none;margin-top:0;overflow:hidden;margin-bottom:4px;border:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-48a33ac4-1cb1-4f96-b676-49ecbc5d536f:after{content:"";display:table;clear:both}#responsive-content-wrapper-48a33ac4-1cb1-4f96-b676-49ecbc5d536f .responsive-content-image{position:absolute;z-index:0;max-width:100%;right:0;margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-48a33ac4-1cb1-4f96-b676-49ecbc5d536f .responsive-content-image img{max-width:100%;height:auto}#responsive-content-wrapper-48a33ac4-1cb1-4f96-b676-49ecbc5d536f .mobile-image{display:none}#responsive-content-wrapper-48a33ac4-1cb1-4f96-b676-49ecbc5d536f .responsive-content-text-links{position:relative;z-index:2;background-color:transparent;width:50%;float:left;margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-48a33ac4-1cb1-4f96-b676-49ecbc5d536f .responsive-content-text-wrap{padding:15px;text-align:initial}#responsive-content-wrapper-48a33ac4-1cb1-4f96-b676-49ecbc5d536f .responsive-content-text-wrap .text{padding:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-48a33ac4-1cb1-4f96-b676-49ecbc5d536f .repsponsive-content-link-wrap{padding:0 15px}#responsive-content-wrapper-48a33ac4-1cb1-4f96-b676-49ecbc5d536f .repsponsive-content-link-wrap .feedbackb{padding:0 0 15px 0}#responsive-content-wrapper-48a33ac4-1cb1-4f96-b676-49ecbc5d536f .responsive-content-title{font-size:1.66rem;line-height:normal;font-weight:bold}#responsive-content-wrapper-48a33ac4-1cb1-4f96-b676-49ecbc5d536f .responsive-content-subtitle{margin-top:0;font-size:1.5rem;line-height:normal;font-weight:normal;color:#a0a0a0}#responsive-content-wrapper-48a33ac4-1cb1-4f96-b676-49ecbc5d536f.subtle .responsive-content-text-wrap,#responsive-content-wrapper-48a33ac4-1cb1-4f96-b676-49ecbc5d536f.subtle .responsive-content-text-wrap p,#responsive-content-wrapper-48a33ac4-1cb1-4f96-b676-49ecbc5d536f.subtle .responsive-content-text-wrap ul,#responsive-content-wrapper-48a33ac4-1cb1-4f96-b676-49ecbc5d536f.subtle .responsive-content-text-wrap ol{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.5rem}#responsive-content-wrapper-48a33ac4-1cb1-4f96-b676-49ecbc5d536f.subtle .responsive-content-text-wrap ul,#responsive-content-wrapper-48a33ac4-1cb1-4f96-b676-49ecbc5d536f.subtle .responsive-content-text-wrap ol{margin-left:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-48a33ac4-1cb1-4f96-b676-49ecbc5d536f.prominent .responsive-content-title{font-size:3rem;line-height:3rem}#responsive-content-wrapper-48a33ac4-1cb1-4f96-b676-49ecbc5d536f.prominent .responsive-content-subtitle{font-size:1.5rem;line-height:1.75rem}#responsive-content-wrapper-48a33ac4-1cb1-4f96-b676-49ecbc5d536f .responsive-content-text-wrap p:first-child{margin-top:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-48a33ac4-1cb1-4f96-b676-49ecbc5d536f .responsive-content-text-wrap p:last-child{margin-bottom:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-48a33ac4-1cb1-4f96-b676-49ecbc5d536f .text-light .responsive-content-title,#responsive-content-wrapper-48a33ac4-1cb1-4f96-b676-49ecbc5d536f .text-light .responsive-content-text-wrap p{color:#fff}#responsive-content-wrapper-48a33ac4-1cb1-4f96-b676-49ecbc5d536f{background:0;background:-moz-linear-gradient(none,none,#fff);background:-webkit-linear-gradient(none,none,#fff);background:-o-linear-gradient(none,none,#fff);background:-ms-linear-gradient(none,none,#fff)}#responsive-content-wrapper-48a33ac4-1cb1-4f96-b676-49ecbc5d536f .responsive-content-video{position:absolute;z-index:1;left:0;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:500px;margin-right:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-48a33ac4-1cb1-4f96-b676-49ecbc5d536f .simplelinklist{margin-top:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-48a33ac4-1cb1-4f96-b676-49ecbc5d536f .simplelinklist ul li{font-size:1rem}.mt_direction_right_to_left .responsive-content-text-wrap{text-align:right!important}@media(max-width:768px){#responsive-content-wrapper-48a33ac4-1cb1-4f96-b676-49ecbc5d536f{min-height:0!important;height:100%;overflow:hidden;margin:4px 2px 0 2px}#responsive-content-wrapper-48a33ac4-1cb1-4f96-b676-49ecbc5d536f .show-on-mobile{display:block}#responsive-content-wrapper-48a33ac4-1cb1-4f96-b676-49ecbc5d536f .hide-on-mobile,#responsive-content-wrapper-48a33ac4-1cb1-4f96-b676-49ecbc5d536f .responsive-content-image .imageGradient{display:none}#responsive-content-wrapper-48a33ac4-1cb1-4f96-b676-49ecbc5d536f .responsive-content-text-links,#responsive-content-wrapper-48a33ac4-1cb1-4f96-b676-49ecbc5d536f .responsive-content-image,#responsive-content-wrapper-48a33ac4-1cb1-4f96-b676-49ecbc5d536f .responsive-content-video{position:relative;float:none;clear:both;width:auto;box-sizing:border-box;margin-top:15px;margin-bottom:15px;margin-right:15px;margin-left:15px}#responsive-content-wrapper-48a33ac4-1cb1-4f96-b676-49ecbc5d536f .responsive-content-text-links{margin-top:15px;margin-bottom:15px;margin-right:15px;margin-left:15px}#responsive-content-wrapper-48a33ac4-1cb1-4f96-b676-49ecbc5d536f .responsive-content-text-wrap{text-align:initial}#responsive-content-wrapper-48a33ac4-1cb1-4f96-b676-49ecbc5d536f .responsive-content-image{text-align:center;margin-top:15px;margin-right:0;margin-left:0;margin-bottom:15px}#responsive-content-wrapper-48a33ac4-1cb1-4f96-b676-49ecbc5d536f .text-light .responsive-content-title,#responsive-content-wrapper-48a33ac4-1cb1-4f96-b676-49ecbc5d536f .text-light .responsive-content-text-wrap p{color:#666}#responsive-content-wrapper-48a33ac4-1cb1-4f96-b676-49ecbc5d536f .responsive-content-title{margin-top:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-48a33ac4-1cb1-4f96-b676-49ecbc5d536f .repsponsive-content-link-wrap .simplelinklist a.white-link,#responsive-content-wrapper-48a33ac4-1cb1-4f96-b676-49ecbc5d536f .repsponsive-content-link-wrap .simplelinklist a.white-link:hover{color:#004494;text-decoration:none}}</style><div class="responsive-content-wrapper subtle image-top" id="responsive-content-wrapper-48a33ac4-1cb1-4f96-b676-49ecbc5d536f" style="min-height:364px;"><div class="responsive-content-image "><picture><source srcset="/dam/autochem/applications/chemical-process-development/chemical-synthesis-worksation-492x364.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/cq5dam.web.320.320.webp" media="(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 320px)" type="image/webp"><source srcset="/dam/autochem/applications/chemical-process-development/chemical-synthesis-worksation-492x364.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/cq5dam.web.320.640.jpeg" media="(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 320px)" type="image/jpeg"><source srcset="/dam/autochem/applications/chemical-process-development/chemical-synthesis-worksation-492x364.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/cq5dam.web.480.480.webp" media="(min-width: 321px) and (max-width: 480px)" type="image/webp"><source srcset="/dam/autochem/applications/chemical-process-development/chemical-synthesis-worksation-492x364.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/cq5dam.web.480.800.jpeg" media="(min-width: 321px) and (max-width: 480px)" type="image/jpeg"><source srcset="/dam/autochem/applications/chemical-process-development/chemical-synthesis-worksation-492x364.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.webp" media="(min-width: 481px) and (max-width: 640px)" type="image/webp"><source srcset="/dam/autochem/applications/chemical-process-development/chemical-synthesis-worksation-492x364.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.webp" media="(min-width: 641px) and (max-width: 800px)" type="image/webp"><source srcset="/dam/autochem/applications/chemical-process-development/chemical-synthesis-worksation-492x364.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.webp" media="(min-width: 801px)" type="image/webp"><img loading="lazy" src="/dam/autochem/applications/chemical-process-development/chemical-synthesis-worksation-492x364.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/cq5dam.web.1280.1280.jpeg" alt="chemical synthesis workstation" title="chemical synthesis workstation"></picture></div><div class="responsive-content-text-links "><div class="responsive-content-text-wrap"><h2 class="responsive-content-title">Better Chemical Synthesis</h2><h3 class="responsive-content-subtitle"><strong>Comprehensive, Fit-for-Purpose Technology to Advance Chemical Synthesis</strong></h3><div class="text"><ul><li><a href="/sg/en/home/products/L1_AutochemProducts/chemical-synthesis-reactor-systems/" target="_blank" _rte_href="/sg/en/home/products/L1_AutochemProducts/chemical-synthesis-reactor-systems/">Chemical Reactors</a> - for precise, automated control of reaction parameters<br><br></li><li><a href="/sg/en/home/products/L1_AutochemProducts/ftir-and-raman-spectrometers/ftir-spectrometers.html" _rte_href="/sg/en/home/products/L1_AutochemProducts/ftir-and-raman-spectrometers/ftir-spectrometers.html" target="_blank">ReactIR</a> and <a href="/sg/en/home/products/L1_AutochemProducts/ftir-and-raman-spectrometers/raman-spectrometers.html" _rte_href="/sg/en/home/products/L1_AutochemProducts/ftir-and-raman-spectrometers/raman-spectrometers.html" target="_blank">ReactRaman</a> Spectrometers – real-time tracking and profiling of key reaction species as a function of reaction time to aid kinetics and mechanistic investigations<br><br></li><li>EasySampler – <a href="/sg/en/home/products/L1_AutochemProducts/automated-sampling-systems.html" target="_blank" _rte_href="/sg/en/home/products/L1_AutochemProducts/automated-sampling-systems.html">automated sampling</a> of reactions when offline analysis is required<br><br></li><li><a href="/sg/en/home/products/L1_AutochemProducts/particle-size-analyzers.html" target="_blank" _rte_href="/sg/en/home/products/L1_AutochemProducts/particle-size-analyzers.html">Particle Size Analyzers</a> – in situ monitoring and measurement of crystals, particles, and <a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_Crystallization.html" target="_blank" _rte_href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_Crystallization.html">crystallization processes</a></li></ul><p>Individually, or as an integrated chemical workstation, provides critical support for better <a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/synthesis-reactions.html" target="_blank" _rte_href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/synthesis-reactions.html">synthesis reactions</a>.</p></div></div></div></div></div><div class="responsivefeaturecontent section"><style>#responsive-content-wrapper-bd748f86-aa8e-4ab1-b4b7-3ef52e4427fe{position:relative;background-color:none;margin-top:0;overflow:hidden;margin-bottom:4px;border:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-bd748f86-aa8e-4ab1-b4b7-3ef52e4427fe:after{content:"";display:table;clear:both}#responsive-content-wrapper-bd748f86-aa8e-4ab1-b4b7-3ef52e4427fe .responsive-content-image{position:absolute;z-index:0;max-width:100%;right:0;margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-bd748f86-aa8e-4ab1-b4b7-3ef52e4427fe .responsive-content-image img{max-width:100%;height:auto}#responsive-content-wrapper-bd748f86-aa8e-4ab1-b4b7-3ef52e4427fe .mobile-image{display:none}#responsive-content-wrapper-bd748f86-aa8e-4ab1-b4b7-3ef52e4427fe .responsive-content-text-links{position:relative;z-index:2;background-color:transparent;width:50%;float:left;margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-bd748f86-aa8e-4ab1-b4b7-3ef52e4427fe .responsive-content-text-wrap{padding:15px;text-align:initial}#responsive-content-wrapper-bd748f86-aa8e-4ab1-b4b7-3ef52e4427fe .responsive-content-text-wrap .text{padding:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-bd748f86-aa8e-4ab1-b4b7-3ef52e4427fe .repsponsive-content-link-wrap{padding:0 15px}#responsive-content-wrapper-bd748f86-aa8e-4ab1-b4b7-3ef52e4427fe .repsponsive-content-link-wrap .feedbackb{padding:0 0 15px 0}#responsive-content-wrapper-bd748f86-aa8e-4ab1-b4b7-3ef52e4427fe .responsive-content-title{font-size:1.66rem;line-height:normal;font-weight:bold}#responsive-content-wrapper-bd748f86-aa8e-4ab1-b4b7-3ef52e4427fe .responsive-content-subtitle{margin-top:0;font-size:1.5rem;line-height:normal;font-weight:normal;color:#a0a0a0}#responsive-content-wrapper-bd748f86-aa8e-4ab1-b4b7-3ef52e4427fe.subtle .responsive-content-text-wrap,#responsive-content-wrapper-bd748f86-aa8e-4ab1-b4b7-3ef52e4427fe.subtle .responsive-content-text-wrap p,#responsive-content-wrapper-bd748f86-aa8e-4ab1-b4b7-3ef52e4427fe.subtle .responsive-content-text-wrap ul,#responsive-content-wrapper-bd748f86-aa8e-4ab1-b4b7-3ef52e4427fe.subtle .responsive-content-text-wrap ol{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.5rem}#responsive-content-wrapper-bd748f86-aa8e-4ab1-b4b7-3ef52e4427fe.subtle .responsive-content-text-wrap ul,#responsive-content-wrapper-bd748f86-aa8e-4ab1-b4b7-3ef52e4427fe.subtle .responsive-content-text-wrap ol{margin-left:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-bd748f86-aa8e-4ab1-b4b7-3ef52e4427fe.prominent .responsive-content-title{font-size:3rem;line-height:3rem}#responsive-content-wrapper-bd748f86-aa8e-4ab1-b4b7-3ef52e4427fe.prominent .responsive-content-subtitle{font-size:1.5rem;line-height:1.75rem}#responsive-content-wrapper-bd748f86-aa8e-4ab1-b4b7-3ef52e4427fe .responsive-content-text-wrap p:first-child{margin-top:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-bd748f86-aa8e-4ab1-b4b7-3ef52e4427fe .responsive-content-text-wrap p:last-child{margin-bottom:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-bd748f86-aa8e-4ab1-b4b7-3ef52e4427fe .text-light .responsive-content-title,#responsive-content-wrapper-bd748f86-aa8e-4ab1-b4b7-3ef52e4427fe .text-light .responsive-content-text-wrap p{color:#fff}#responsive-content-wrapper-bd748f86-aa8e-4ab1-b4b7-3ef52e4427fe{background:0;background:-moz-linear-gradient(none,none,#fff);background:-webkit-linear-gradient(none,none,#fff);background:-o-linear-gradient(none,none,#fff);background:-ms-linear-gradient(none,none,#fff)}#responsive-content-wrapper-bd748f86-aa8e-4ab1-b4b7-3ef52e4427fe .responsive-content-video{position:absolute;z-index:1;left:0;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:500px;margin-right:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-bd748f86-aa8e-4ab1-b4b7-3ef52e4427fe .simplelinklist{margin-top:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-bd748f86-aa8e-4ab1-b4b7-3ef52e4427fe .simplelinklist ul li{font-size:1rem}.mt_direction_right_to_left .responsive-content-text-wrap{text-align:right!important}@media(max-width:768px){#responsive-content-wrapper-bd748f86-aa8e-4ab1-b4b7-3ef52e4427fe{min-height:0!important;height:100%;overflow:hidden;margin:4px 2px 0 2px}#responsive-content-wrapper-bd748f86-aa8e-4ab1-b4b7-3ef52e4427fe .show-on-mobile{display:block}#responsive-content-wrapper-bd748f86-aa8e-4ab1-b4b7-3ef52e4427fe .hide-on-mobile,#responsive-content-wrapper-bd748f86-aa8e-4ab1-b4b7-3ef52e4427fe .responsive-content-image .imageGradient{display:none}#responsive-content-wrapper-bd748f86-aa8e-4ab1-b4b7-3ef52e4427fe .responsive-content-text-links,#responsive-content-wrapper-bd748f86-aa8e-4ab1-b4b7-3ef52e4427fe .responsive-content-image,#responsive-content-wrapper-bd748f86-aa8e-4ab1-b4b7-3ef52e4427fe .responsive-content-video{position:relative;float:none;clear:both;width:auto;box-sizing:border-box;margin-top:15px;margin-bottom:15px;margin-right:15px;margin-left:15px}#responsive-content-wrapper-bd748f86-aa8e-4ab1-b4b7-3ef52e4427fe .responsive-content-text-links{margin-top:15px;margin-bottom:15px;margin-right:15px;margin-left:15px}#responsive-content-wrapper-bd748f86-aa8e-4ab1-b4b7-3ef52e4427fe .responsive-content-text-wrap{text-align:initial}#responsive-content-wrapper-bd748f86-aa8e-4ab1-b4b7-3ef52e4427fe .responsive-content-image{text-align:center;margin-top:15px;margin-right:0;margin-left:0;margin-bottom:15px}#responsive-content-wrapper-bd748f86-aa8e-4ab1-b4b7-3ef52e4427fe .text-light .responsive-content-title,#responsive-content-wrapper-bd748f86-aa8e-4ab1-b4b7-3ef52e4427fe .text-light .responsive-content-text-wrap p{color:#666}#responsive-content-wrapper-bd748f86-aa8e-4ab1-b4b7-3ef52e4427fe .responsive-content-title{margin-top:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-bd748f86-aa8e-4ab1-b4b7-3ef52e4427fe .repsponsive-content-link-wrap .simplelinklist a.white-link,#responsive-content-wrapper-bd748f86-aa8e-4ab1-b4b7-3ef52e4427fe .repsponsive-content-link-wrap .simplelinklist a.white-link:hover{color:#004494;text-decoration:none}}</style><div class="responsive-content-wrapper subtle image-top" id="responsive-content-wrapper-bd748f86-aa8e-4ab1-b4b7-3ef52e4427fe" style="min-height:320px;"><div class="responsive-content-image "><picture><img loading="lazy" src="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/_jcr_content/applicationtabs/overviewafpar/standalonemoodimage__1046017087/image.webImage.file.png" alt="reaction calorimeters" title="reaction calorimeters"></picture></div><div class="responsive-content-text-links "><div class="responsive-content-text-wrap"><div class="text"><p><a href="/sg/en/home/products/L1_AutochemProducts.html" target="_blank" _rte_href="/sg/en/home/products/L1_AutochemProducts.html">Process Development and Scale-up workstations</a> provide thermodynamic data in real time, the ability to investigate the impact of changing conditions on heat and mass transfer and support studies related to concentrations, temperature, or kinetics. <a href="/sg/en/home/products/L1_AutochemProducts/reaction-calorimeters/RC1mx-Reaction-Calorimeter.html" target="_blank" _rte_href="/sg/en/home/products/L1_AutochemProducts/reaction-calorimeters/RC1mx-Reaction-Calorimeter.html">Reaction calorimeters</a> allow researchers to measure heat generated by a reaction and to control the reaction based on heat output. The control of the relevant parameters including additions can be automated and pre-programmed, so experiments can be safely run while recording all reaction parameters, 24 hours a day. The individual steps of the process of the polymerization reaction together with the experimental data are continuously recorded and stored securely making them available for evaluation and interpretation. Due to the safe, highly accurate, and precise measurement and control, the number of experiments required is reduced – making scale-up efficient.</p></div></div></div></div></div><div class="responsivefeaturecontent section"><style>#responsive-content-wrapper-713da94a-1b7b-4327-be9c-8adc62c1da4c{position:relative;background-color:none;margin-top:0;overflow:hidden;margin-bottom:4px;border:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-713da94a-1b7b-4327-be9c-8adc62c1da4c:after{content:"";display:table;clear:both}#responsive-content-wrapper-713da94a-1b7b-4327-be9c-8adc62c1da4c .responsive-content-image{position:absolute;z-index:0;max-width:100%;right:0;margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-713da94a-1b7b-4327-be9c-8adc62c1da4c .responsive-content-image img{max-width:100%;height:auto}#responsive-content-wrapper-713da94a-1b7b-4327-be9c-8adc62c1da4c .mobile-image{display:none}#responsive-content-wrapper-713da94a-1b7b-4327-be9c-8adc62c1da4c .responsive-content-text-links{position:relative;z-index:2;background-color:transparent;width:45%;float:left;margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-713da94a-1b7b-4327-be9c-8adc62c1da4c .responsive-content-text-wrap{padding:15px;text-align:initial}#responsive-content-wrapper-713da94a-1b7b-4327-be9c-8adc62c1da4c .responsive-content-text-wrap .text{padding:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-713da94a-1b7b-4327-be9c-8adc62c1da4c .repsponsive-content-link-wrap{padding:0 15px}#responsive-content-wrapper-713da94a-1b7b-4327-be9c-8adc62c1da4c .repsponsive-content-link-wrap .feedbackb{padding:0 0 15px 0}#responsive-content-wrapper-713da94a-1b7b-4327-be9c-8adc62c1da4c .responsive-content-title{font-size:1.66rem;line-height:normal;font-weight:bold}#responsive-content-wrapper-713da94a-1b7b-4327-be9c-8adc62c1da4c .responsive-content-subtitle{margin-top:0;font-size:1.5rem;line-height:normal;font-weight:normal;color:#a0a0a0}#responsive-content-wrapper-713da94a-1b7b-4327-be9c-8adc62c1da4c.subtle .responsive-content-text-wrap,#responsive-content-wrapper-713da94a-1b7b-4327-be9c-8adc62c1da4c.subtle .responsive-content-text-wrap p,#responsive-content-wrapper-713da94a-1b7b-4327-be9c-8adc62c1da4c.subtle .responsive-content-text-wrap ul,#responsive-content-wrapper-713da94a-1b7b-4327-be9c-8adc62c1da4c.subtle .responsive-content-text-wrap ol{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.5rem}#responsive-content-wrapper-713da94a-1b7b-4327-be9c-8adc62c1da4c.subtle .responsive-content-text-wrap ul,#responsive-content-wrapper-713da94a-1b7b-4327-be9c-8adc62c1da4c.subtle .responsive-content-text-wrap ol{margin-left:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-713da94a-1b7b-4327-be9c-8adc62c1da4c.prominent .responsive-content-title{font-size:3rem;line-height:3rem}#responsive-content-wrapper-713da94a-1b7b-4327-be9c-8adc62c1da4c.prominent .responsive-content-subtitle{font-size:1.5rem;line-height:1.75rem}#responsive-content-wrapper-713da94a-1b7b-4327-be9c-8adc62c1da4c .responsive-content-text-wrap p:first-child{margin-top:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-713da94a-1b7b-4327-be9c-8adc62c1da4c .responsive-content-text-wrap p:last-child{margin-bottom:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-713da94a-1b7b-4327-be9c-8adc62c1da4c .text-light .responsive-content-title,#responsive-content-wrapper-713da94a-1b7b-4327-be9c-8adc62c1da4c .text-light .responsive-content-text-wrap p{color:#fff}#responsive-content-wrapper-713da94a-1b7b-4327-be9c-8adc62c1da4c{background:0;background:-moz-linear-gradient(none,none,#fff);background:-webkit-linear-gradient(none,none,#fff);background:-o-linear-gradient(none,none,#fff);background:-ms-linear-gradient(none,none,#fff)}#responsive-content-wrapper-713da94a-1b7b-4327-be9c-8adc62c1da4c .responsive-content-video{position:absolute;z-index:1;right:0;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-713da94a-1b7b-4327-be9c-8adc62c1da4c .simplelinklist{margin-top:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-713da94a-1b7b-4327-be9c-8adc62c1da4c .simplelinklist ul li{font-size:1rem}.mt_direction_right_to_left .responsive-content-text-wrap{text-align:right!important}@media(max-width:768px){#responsive-content-wrapper-713da94a-1b7b-4327-be9c-8adc62c1da4c{min-height:0!important;height:100%;overflow:hidden;margin:4px 2px 0 2px}#responsive-content-wrapper-713da94a-1b7b-4327-be9c-8adc62c1da4c .show-on-mobile{display:block}#responsive-content-wrapper-713da94a-1b7b-4327-be9c-8adc62c1da4c .hide-on-mobile,#responsive-content-wrapper-713da94a-1b7b-4327-be9c-8adc62c1da4c .responsive-content-image .imageGradient{display:none}#responsive-content-wrapper-713da94a-1b7b-4327-be9c-8adc62c1da4c .responsive-content-text-links,#responsive-content-wrapper-713da94a-1b7b-4327-be9c-8adc62c1da4c .responsive-content-image,#responsive-content-wrapper-713da94a-1b7b-4327-be9c-8adc62c1da4c .responsive-content-video{position:relative;float:none;clear:both;width:auto;box-sizing:border-box;margin-top:15px;margin-bottom:15px;margin-right:15px;margin-left:15px}#responsive-content-wrapper-713da94a-1b7b-4327-be9c-8adc62c1da4c .responsive-content-text-links{margin-top:15px;margin-bottom:15px;margin-right:15px;margin-left:15px}#responsive-content-wrapper-713da94a-1b7b-4327-be9c-8adc62c1da4c .responsive-content-text-wrap{text-align:initial}#responsive-content-wrapper-713da94a-1b7b-4327-be9c-8adc62c1da4c .responsive-content-image{text-align:center;margin-top:15px;margin-right:0;margin-left:0;margin-bottom:15px}#responsive-content-wrapper-713da94a-1b7b-4327-be9c-8adc62c1da4c .text-light .responsive-content-title,#responsive-content-wrapper-713da94a-1b7b-4327-be9c-8adc62c1da4c .text-light .responsive-content-text-wrap p{color:#666}#responsive-content-wrapper-713da94a-1b7b-4327-be9c-8adc62c1da4c .responsive-content-title{margin-top:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-713da94a-1b7b-4327-be9c-8adc62c1da4c .repsponsive-content-link-wrap .simplelinklist a.white-link,#responsive-content-wrapper-713da94a-1b7b-4327-be9c-8adc62c1da4c .repsponsive-content-link-wrap .simplelinklist a.white-link:hover{color:#004494;text-decoration:none}}</style><div class="responsive-content-wrapper subtle image-top" id="responsive-content-wrapper-713da94a-1b7b-4327-be9c-8adc62c1da4c" style="min-height:315px;"><div class="responsive-content-video "><div class="multimedia multimediareference"><script type="text/javascript">hideEditBar=true;</script> <div class="embeddedvideo_f95d embeddedvideo"><div class="embeddedVideo" data-advanced-option="false" data-has-preview-image="true" data-video-id="CCSdW56anew" data-component-id="463384876"><h3 class="mediaLabel hide "></h3><div id="mediaContainerWrapper_463384876" style="max-width: 435px; width: 100%"><div class="mediaContainer embeddedVideoPreloading" data-external-url="https://youtu.be/CCSdW56anew" id="mediaContainer_463384876" style="width: 435px; height:315px" data-advanced-option="false" data-width="435" data-height="315" data-video-id="CCSdW56anew"><button class="mt-btn-link" id="mediaVideoButton_463384876" rel="nofollow"><div class="mediaPreviewImage"><picture><img loading="lazy" loading="lazy" src="/dam/AutoChem_Media_Library/AutoChem_img.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/cq5dam.web.1280.1280.jpeg" height="315" width="100%" id="previewImage_463384876"></picture><span class="mediaVideoIcon"></span></div></button></div></div><div class="clear_all"></div><div class="mediaDescription hide" style="max-width: 435px;width:100%;"></div></div></div></div></div><div class="responsive-content-text-links "><div class="responsive-content-text-wrap"><h2 class="responsive-content-title">Inline Sampling of Chemical Synthesis</h2><div class="text"><p><a href="/sg/en/home/products/L1_AutochemProducts/automated-sampling-systems.html" _rte_href="/sg/en/home/products/L1_AutochemProducts/automated-sampling-systems.html" target="_blank">EasySampler</a> provides representative samples over the entire reaction. Accurate, reproducible, and representative samples provide high-quality HPLC results. This makes it easy to study reaction kinetics and develop <a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/Impurity-Profiling-of-Chemical-Reactions.html" target="_blank" _rte_href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/Impurity-Profiling-of-Chemical-Reactions.html">impurity profiles</a>, even from heterogeneous mixtures, air- and moisture-sensitive reactions, and reactions under pressurize and toxic conditions. At user-defined time points, EasySampler automatically captures reaction samples, quenches samples immediately and at reaction conditions, and finally dilutes the sample to a user-specified concentration. </p></div></div></div></div></div><div class="responsivefeaturecontent section"><style>#responsive-content-wrapper-22a2a4f7-216a-4310-87f8-45b79f58545e{position:relative;background-color:none;margin-top:0;overflow:hidden;margin-bottom:4px;border:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-22a2a4f7-216a-4310-87f8-45b79f58545e:after{content:"";display:table;clear:both}#responsive-content-wrapper-22a2a4f7-216a-4310-87f8-45b79f58545e .responsive-content-image{position:absolute;z-index:0;max-width:100%;right:0;margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-22a2a4f7-216a-4310-87f8-45b79f58545e .responsive-content-image img{max-width:100%;height:auto}#responsive-content-wrapper-22a2a4f7-216a-4310-87f8-45b79f58545e .mobile-image{display:none}#responsive-content-wrapper-22a2a4f7-216a-4310-87f8-45b79f58545e .responsive-content-text-links{position:relative;z-index:2;background-color:transparent;width:45%;float:left;margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-22a2a4f7-216a-4310-87f8-45b79f58545e .responsive-content-text-wrap{padding:15px;text-align:initial}#responsive-content-wrapper-22a2a4f7-216a-4310-87f8-45b79f58545e .responsive-content-text-wrap .text{padding:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-22a2a4f7-216a-4310-87f8-45b79f58545e .repsponsive-content-link-wrap{padding:0 15px}#responsive-content-wrapper-22a2a4f7-216a-4310-87f8-45b79f58545e .repsponsive-content-link-wrap .feedbackb{padding:0 0 15px 0}#responsive-content-wrapper-22a2a4f7-216a-4310-87f8-45b79f58545e .responsive-content-title{font-size:1.66rem;line-height:normal;font-weight:bold}#responsive-content-wrapper-22a2a4f7-216a-4310-87f8-45b79f58545e .responsive-content-subtitle{margin-top:0;font-size:1.5rem;line-height:normal;font-weight:normal;color:#a0a0a0}#responsive-content-wrapper-22a2a4f7-216a-4310-87f8-45b79f58545e.subtle .responsive-content-text-wrap,#responsive-content-wrapper-22a2a4f7-216a-4310-87f8-45b79f58545e.subtle .responsive-content-text-wrap p,#responsive-content-wrapper-22a2a4f7-216a-4310-87f8-45b79f58545e.subtle .responsive-content-text-wrap ul,#responsive-content-wrapper-22a2a4f7-216a-4310-87f8-45b79f58545e.subtle .responsive-content-text-wrap ol{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.5rem}#responsive-content-wrapper-22a2a4f7-216a-4310-87f8-45b79f58545e.subtle .responsive-content-text-wrap ul,#responsive-content-wrapper-22a2a4f7-216a-4310-87f8-45b79f58545e.subtle .responsive-content-text-wrap ol{margin-left:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-22a2a4f7-216a-4310-87f8-45b79f58545e.prominent .responsive-content-title{font-size:3rem;line-height:3rem}#responsive-content-wrapper-22a2a4f7-216a-4310-87f8-45b79f58545e.prominent .responsive-content-subtitle{font-size:1.5rem;line-height:1.75rem}#responsive-content-wrapper-22a2a4f7-216a-4310-87f8-45b79f58545e .responsive-content-text-wrap p:first-child{margin-top:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-22a2a4f7-216a-4310-87f8-45b79f58545e .responsive-content-text-wrap p:last-child{margin-bottom:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-22a2a4f7-216a-4310-87f8-45b79f58545e .text-light .responsive-content-title,#responsive-content-wrapper-22a2a4f7-216a-4310-87f8-45b79f58545e .text-light .responsive-content-text-wrap p{color:#fff}#responsive-content-wrapper-22a2a4f7-216a-4310-87f8-45b79f58545e{background:0;background:-moz-linear-gradient(none,none,#fff);background:-webkit-linear-gradient(none,none,#fff);background:-o-linear-gradient(none,none,#fff);background:-ms-linear-gradient(none,none,#fff)}#responsive-content-wrapper-22a2a4f7-216a-4310-87f8-45b79f58545e .responsive-content-video{position:absolute;z-index:1;left:0;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:500px;margin-right:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-22a2a4f7-216a-4310-87f8-45b79f58545e .simplelinklist{margin-top:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-22a2a4f7-216a-4310-87f8-45b79f58545e .simplelinklist ul li{font-size:1rem}.mt_direction_right_to_left .responsive-content-text-wrap{text-align:right!important}@media(max-width:768px){#responsive-content-wrapper-22a2a4f7-216a-4310-87f8-45b79f58545e{min-height:0!important;height:100%;overflow:hidden;margin:4px 2px 0 2px}#responsive-content-wrapper-22a2a4f7-216a-4310-87f8-45b79f58545e .show-on-mobile{display:block}#responsive-content-wrapper-22a2a4f7-216a-4310-87f8-45b79f58545e .hide-on-mobile,#responsive-content-wrapper-22a2a4f7-216a-4310-87f8-45b79f58545e .responsive-content-image .imageGradient{display:none}#responsive-content-wrapper-22a2a4f7-216a-4310-87f8-45b79f58545e .responsive-content-text-links,#responsive-content-wrapper-22a2a4f7-216a-4310-87f8-45b79f58545e .responsive-content-image,#responsive-content-wrapper-22a2a4f7-216a-4310-87f8-45b79f58545e .responsive-content-video{position:relative;float:none;clear:both;width:auto;box-sizing:border-box;margin-top:15px;margin-bottom:15px;margin-right:15px;margin-left:15px}#responsive-content-wrapper-22a2a4f7-216a-4310-87f8-45b79f58545e .responsive-content-text-links{margin-top:15px;margin-bottom:15px;margin-right:15px;margin-left:15px}#responsive-content-wrapper-22a2a4f7-216a-4310-87f8-45b79f58545e .responsive-content-text-wrap{text-align:initial}#responsive-content-wrapper-22a2a4f7-216a-4310-87f8-45b79f58545e .responsive-content-image{text-align:center;margin-top:15px;margin-right:0;margin-left:0;margin-bottom:15px}#responsive-content-wrapper-22a2a4f7-216a-4310-87f8-45b79f58545e .text-light .responsive-content-title,#responsive-content-wrapper-22a2a4f7-216a-4310-87f8-45b79f58545e .text-light .responsive-content-text-wrap p{color:#666}#responsive-content-wrapper-22a2a4f7-216a-4310-87f8-45b79f58545e .responsive-content-title{margin-top:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-22a2a4f7-216a-4310-87f8-45b79f58545e .repsponsive-content-link-wrap .simplelinklist a.white-link,#responsive-content-wrapper-22a2a4f7-216a-4310-87f8-45b79f58545e .repsponsive-content-link-wrap .simplelinklist a.white-link:hover{color:#004494;text-decoration:none}}</style><div class="responsive-content-wrapper subtle image-top" id="responsive-content-wrapper-22a2a4f7-216a-4310-87f8-45b79f58545e" style="min-height:388px;"><div class="responsive-content-image "><picture><source srcset="/dam/autochem/applications/chemical-process-development/spectrometers-chemical-synthesis.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/cq5dam.web.320.320.webp" media="(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 320px)" type="image/webp"><source srcset="/dam/autochem/applications/chemical-process-development/spectrometers-chemical-synthesis.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/cq5dam.web.320.640.jpeg" media="(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 320px)" type="image/jpeg"><source srcset="/dam/autochem/applications/chemical-process-development/spectrometers-chemical-synthesis.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/cq5dam.web.480.480.webp" media="(min-width: 321px) and (max-width: 480px)" type="image/webp"><source srcset="/dam/autochem/applications/chemical-process-development/spectrometers-chemical-synthesis.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/cq5dam.web.480.800.jpeg" media="(min-width: 321px) and (max-width: 480px)" type="image/jpeg"><source srcset="/dam/autochem/applications/chemical-process-development/spectrometers-chemical-synthesis.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.webp" media="(min-width: 481px) and (max-width: 640px)" type="image/webp"><source srcset="/dam/autochem/applications/chemical-process-development/spectrometers-chemical-synthesis.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.webp" media="(min-width: 641px) and (max-width: 800px)" type="image/webp"><source srcset="/dam/autochem/applications/chemical-process-development/spectrometers-chemical-synthesis.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.webp" media="(min-width: 801px)" type="image/webp"><img loading="lazy" src="/dam/autochem/applications/chemical-process-development/spectrometers-chemical-synthesis.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/cq5dam.web.1280.1280.jpeg" alt="Spectrometers for Chemical Synthesis" title="Spectrometers for Chemical Synthesis"></picture></div><div class="responsive-content-text-links "><div class="responsive-content-text-wrap"><h2 class="responsive-content-title">Enhance Understanding of Chemical Synthesis with In-Situ Spectroscopy</h2><div class="text"><p>The infrared spectrometer for real-time monitoring of chemical reactions directly in the reaction vessel or flow reactor. Gain in-depth information about reaction kinetics, mechanism and pathways.</p><ul><li>Develop real-time trending profiles for key reaction species: reactants, intermediates, products, by-products<br><br></li><li>Obtain data-rich information for traditional kinetic analysis or Reaction Progress Kinetics Analysis (RPKA) methods<br><br></li><li>Monitor reactions where removing a sample for offline analysis is difficult, impossible or undesirable – low temperature, elevated temperature/pressure, viscous, toxic reagents, highly energetic reactions, air/moisture sensitive, transient intermediates<br><br></li><li>Investigate key stages of a reaction or process such as reaction start, induction period, accumulation, conversion, endpoint. Detect reaction stalling or upset.</li></ul></div></div></div></div></div><div class="responsivefeaturecontent section"><style>#responsive-content-wrapper-138d0bb8-4d04-4403-b824-1712eb67cc71{position:relative;background-color:none;margin-top:0;overflow:hidden;margin-bottom:4px;border:solid 1px #e6e6e6}#responsive-content-wrapper-138d0bb8-4d04-4403-b824-1712eb67cc71:after{content:"";display:table;clear:both}#responsive-content-wrapper-138d0bb8-4d04-4403-b824-1712eb67cc71 .responsive-content-image{position:absolute;z-index:0;max-width:100%;right:0;margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-138d0bb8-4d04-4403-b824-1712eb67cc71 .responsive-content-image img{max-width:100%;height:auto}#responsive-content-wrapper-138d0bb8-4d04-4403-b824-1712eb67cc71 .mobile-image{display:none}#responsive-content-wrapper-138d0bb8-4d04-4403-b824-1712eb67cc71 .responsive-content-text-links{position:relative;z-index:2;background-color:transparent;width:90%;float:left;margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-138d0bb8-4d04-4403-b824-1712eb67cc71 .responsive-content-text-wrap{padding:15px;text-align:initial}#responsive-content-wrapper-138d0bb8-4d04-4403-b824-1712eb67cc71 .responsive-content-text-wrap .text{padding:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-138d0bb8-4d04-4403-b824-1712eb67cc71 .repsponsive-content-link-wrap{padding:0 15px}#responsive-content-wrapper-138d0bb8-4d04-4403-b824-1712eb67cc71 .repsponsive-content-link-wrap .feedbackb{padding:0 0 15px 0}#responsive-content-wrapper-138d0bb8-4d04-4403-b824-1712eb67cc71 .responsive-content-title{font-size:1.66rem;line-height:normal;font-weight:bold}#responsive-content-wrapper-138d0bb8-4d04-4403-b824-1712eb67cc71 .responsive-content-subtitle{margin-top:0;font-size:1.5rem;line-height:normal;font-weight:normal;color:#a0a0a0}#responsive-content-wrapper-138d0bb8-4d04-4403-b824-1712eb67cc71.subtle .responsive-content-text-wrap,#responsive-content-wrapper-138d0bb8-4d04-4403-b824-1712eb67cc71.subtle .responsive-content-text-wrap p,#responsive-content-wrapper-138d0bb8-4d04-4403-b824-1712eb67cc71.subtle .responsive-content-text-wrap ul,#responsive-content-wrapper-138d0bb8-4d04-4403-b824-1712eb67cc71.subtle .responsive-content-text-wrap ol{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.5rem}#responsive-content-wrapper-138d0bb8-4d04-4403-b824-1712eb67cc71.subtle .responsive-content-text-wrap ul,#responsive-content-wrapper-138d0bb8-4d04-4403-b824-1712eb67cc71.subtle .responsive-content-text-wrap ol{margin-left:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-138d0bb8-4d04-4403-b824-1712eb67cc71.prominent .responsive-content-title{font-size:3rem;line-height:3rem}#responsive-content-wrapper-138d0bb8-4d04-4403-b824-1712eb67cc71.prominent .responsive-content-subtitle{font-size:1.5rem;line-height:1.75rem}#responsive-content-wrapper-138d0bb8-4d04-4403-b824-1712eb67cc71 .responsive-content-text-wrap p:first-child{margin-top:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-138d0bb8-4d04-4403-b824-1712eb67cc71 .responsive-content-text-wrap p:last-child{margin-bottom:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-138d0bb8-4d04-4403-b824-1712eb67cc71 .text-light .responsive-content-title,#responsive-content-wrapper-138d0bb8-4d04-4403-b824-1712eb67cc71 .text-light .responsive-content-text-wrap p{color:#fff}#responsive-content-wrapper-138d0bb8-4d04-4403-b824-1712eb67cc71{background:0;background:-moz-linear-gradient(none,none,#fff);background:-webkit-linear-gradient(none,none,#fff);background:-o-linear-gradient(none,none,#fff);background:-ms-linear-gradient(none,none,#fff)}#responsive-content-wrapper-138d0bb8-4d04-4403-b824-1712eb67cc71 .responsive-content-video{position:absolute;z-index:1;left:0;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-138d0bb8-4d04-4403-b824-1712eb67cc71 .simplelinklist{margin-top:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-138d0bb8-4d04-4403-b824-1712eb67cc71 .simplelinklist ul li{font-size:1rem}.mt_direction_right_to_left .responsive-content-text-wrap{text-align:right!important}@media(max-width:768px){#responsive-content-wrapper-138d0bb8-4d04-4403-b824-1712eb67cc71{min-height:0!important;height:100%;overflow:hidden;margin:4px 2px 0 2px}#responsive-content-wrapper-138d0bb8-4d04-4403-b824-1712eb67cc71 .show-on-mobile{display:block}#responsive-content-wrapper-138d0bb8-4d04-4403-b824-1712eb67cc71 .hide-on-mobile,#responsive-content-wrapper-138d0bb8-4d04-4403-b824-1712eb67cc71 .responsive-content-image .imageGradient{display:none}#responsive-content-wrapper-138d0bb8-4d04-4403-b824-1712eb67cc71 .responsive-content-text-links,#responsive-content-wrapper-138d0bb8-4d04-4403-b824-1712eb67cc71 .responsive-content-image,#responsive-content-wrapper-138d0bb8-4d04-4403-b824-1712eb67cc71 .responsive-content-video{position:relative;float:none;clear:both;width:auto;box-sizing:border-box;margin-top:15px;margin-bottom:15px;margin-right:15px;margin-left:15px}#responsive-content-wrapper-138d0bb8-4d04-4403-b824-1712eb67cc71 .responsive-content-text-links{margin-top:15px;margin-bottom:15px;margin-right:15px;margin-left:15px}#responsive-content-wrapper-138d0bb8-4d04-4403-b824-1712eb67cc71 .responsive-content-text-wrap{text-align:initial}#responsive-content-wrapper-138d0bb8-4d04-4403-b824-1712eb67cc71 .responsive-content-image{text-align:center;margin-top:15px;margin-right:0;margin-left:0;margin-bottom:15px}#responsive-content-wrapper-138d0bb8-4d04-4403-b824-1712eb67cc71 .text-light .responsive-content-title,#responsive-content-wrapper-138d0bb8-4d04-4403-b824-1712eb67cc71 .text-light .responsive-content-text-wrap p{color:#666}#responsive-content-wrapper-138d0bb8-4d04-4403-b824-1712eb67cc71 .responsive-content-title{margin-top:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-138d0bb8-4d04-4403-b824-1712eb67cc71 .repsponsive-content-link-wrap .simplelinklist a.white-link,#responsive-content-wrapper-138d0bb8-4d04-4403-b824-1712eb67cc71 .repsponsive-content-link-wrap .simplelinklist a.white-link:hover{color:#004494;text-decoration:none}}</style><div class="responsive-content-wrapper subtle image-top" id="responsive-content-wrapper-138d0bb8-4d04-4403-b824-1712eb67cc71" style="min-height:0px;"><div class="responsive-content-text-links "><div class="responsive-content-text-wrap"><h2 class="responsive-content-title">Featured Article: Chemical Synthesis – Catalysis</h2><h3 class="responsive-content-subtitle"><strong>Kinetic and Mechanistic Insights</strong></h3><div class="text"><p><b>Niklas O. Thiel, Benyapa Kaewmee, Trung Tran Ngoc, Johannes F. Teichert, “A Simple Nickel Catalyst Enables Broad E-Selective Alkyne Semihydrogenation,” Chem. Euro J.</b><br><br>The authors use nickel catalyst [NiI<sub>2</sub>] and 1,1'bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene (dppf)] to perform <i>E</i>-selective alkyne semihydrogenations on a range of substrates with a variety of aryl and alkyl substitution patterns. They show that this commercially available nickel catalyst enables the <i>E</i>‐selective alkyne semihydrogenation of a broad range of substituted alkynes.</p><p> ReactIR measurements performed under 30 bar H<sub>2</sub> provided kinetic data and support for proposed mechanism. Initially Z-selective alkyne semihydrogenation occurs as the reaction vessel is warming. Formation of E-stilbene is observed when the temperature reaches 80C after 90 minutes, and after several hours the E-stilbene is the major product. The ReactIR data suggests that two different mechanisms occur. The first mechanism leads to the Z-selective alkyne semihydrogenation; the second is a Z to E isomerization mechanism, associated with Ni hydride intermediates. </p></div></div></div></div></div><div class="responsivefeaturecontent section"><style>#responsive-content-wrapper-519ad9b2-853e-4b61-852b-cbea8b5cca90{position:relative;background-color:none;margin-top:0;overflow:hidden;margin-bottom:4px;border:solid 1px #e6e6e6}#responsive-content-wrapper-519ad9b2-853e-4b61-852b-cbea8b5cca90:after{content:"";display:table;clear:both}#responsive-content-wrapper-519ad9b2-853e-4b61-852b-cbea8b5cca90 .responsive-content-image{position:absolute;z-index:0;max-width:100%;right:0;margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-519ad9b2-853e-4b61-852b-cbea8b5cca90 .responsive-content-image img{max-width:100%;height:auto}#responsive-content-wrapper-519ad9b2-853e-4b61-852b-cbea8b5cca90 .mobile-image{display:none}#responsive-content-wrapper-519ad9b2-853e-4b61-852b-cbea8b5cca90 .responsive-content-text-links{position:relative;z-index:2;background-color:transparent;width:90%;float:left;margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-519ad9b2-853e-4b61-852b-cbea8b5cca90 .responsive-content-text-wrap{padding:15px;text-align:initial}#responsive-content-wrapper-519ad9b2-853e-4b61-852b-cbea8b5cca90 .responsive-content-text-wrap .text{padding:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-519ad9b2-853e-4b61-852b-cbea8b5cca90 .repsponsive-content-link-wrap{padding:0 15px}#responsive-content-wrapper-519ad9b2-853e-4b61-852b-cbea8b5cca90 .repsponsive-content-link-wrap .feedbackb{padding:0 0 15px 0}#responsive-content-wrapper-519ad9b2-853e-4b61-852b-cbea8b5cca90 .responsive-content-title{font-size:1.66rem;line-height:normal;font-weight:bold}#responsive-content-wrapper-519ad9b2-853e-4b61-852b-cbea8b5cca90 .responsive-content-subtitle{margin-top:0;font-size:1.5rem;line-height:normal;font-weight:normal;color:#a0a0a0}#responsive-content-wrapper-519ad9b2-853e-4b61-852b-cbea8b5cca90.subtle .responsive-content-text-wrap,#responsive-content-wrapper-519ad9b2-853e-4b61-852b-cbea8b5cca90.subtle .responsive-content-text-wrap p,#responsive-content-wrapper-519ad9b2-853e-4b61-852b-cbea8b5cca90.subtle .responsive-content-text-wrap ul,#responsive-content-wrapper-519ad9b2-853e-4b61-852b-cbea8b5cca90.subtle .responsive-content-text-wrap ol{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.5rem}#responsive-content-wrapper-519ad9b2-853e-4b61-852b-cbea8b5cca90.subtle .responsive-content-text-wrap ul,#responsive-content-wrapper-519ad9b2-853e-4b61-852b-cbea8b5cca90.subtle .responsive-content-text-wrap ol{margin-left:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-519ad9b2-853e-4b61-852b-cbea8b5cca90.prominent .responsive-content-title{font-size:3rem;line-height:3rem}#responsive-content-wrapper-519ad9b2-853e-4b61-852b-cbea8b5cca90.prominent .responsive-content-subtitle{font-size:1.5rem;line-height:1.75rem}#responsive-content-wrapper-519ad9b2-853e-4b61-852b-cbea8b5cca90 .responsive-content-text-wrap p:first-child{margin-top:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-519ad9b2-853e-4b61-852b-cbea8b5cca90 .responsive-content-text-wrap p:last-child{margin-bottom:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-519ad9b2-853e-4b61-852b-cbea8b5cca90 .text-light .responsive-content-title,#responsive-content-wrapper-519ad9b2-853e-4b61-852b-cbea8b5cca90 .text-light .responsive-content-text-wrap p{color:#fff}#responsive-content-wrapper-519ad9b2-853e-4b61-852b-cbea8b5cca90{background:0;background:-moz-linear-gradient(none,none,#fff);background:-webkit-linear-gradient(none,none,#fff);background:-o-linear-gradient(none,none,#fff);background:-ms-linear-gradient(none,none,#fff)}#responsive-content-wrapper-519ad9b2-853e-4b61-852b-cbea8b5cca90 .responsive-content-video{position:absolute;z-index:1;left:0;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-519ad9b2-853e-4b61-852b-cbea8b5cca90 .simplelinklist{margin-top:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-519ad9b2-853e-4b61-852b-cbea8b5cca90 .simplelinklist ul li{font-size:1rem}.mt_direction_right_to_left .responsive-content-text-wrap{text-align:right!important}@media(max-width:768px){#responsive-content-wrapper-519ad9b2-853e-4b61-852b-cbea8b5cca90{min-height:0!important;height:100%;overflow:hidden;margin:4px 2px 0 2px}#responsive-content-wrapper-519ad9b2-853e-4b61-852b-cbea8b5cca90 .show-on-mobile{display:block}#responsive-content-wrapper-519ad9b2-853e-4b61-852b-cbea8b5cca90 .hide-on-mobile,#responsive-content-wrapper-519ad9b2-853e-4b61-852b-cbea8b5cca90 .responsive-content-image .imageGradient{display:none}#responsive-content-wrapper-519ad9b2-853e-4b61-852b-cbea8b5cca90 .responsive-content-text-links,#responsive-content-wrapper-519ad9b2-853e-4b61-852b-cbea8b5cca90 .responsive-content-image,#responsive-content-wrapper-519ad9b2-853e-4b61-852b-cbea8b5cca90 .responsive-content-video{position:relative;float:none;clear:both;width:auto;box-sizing:border-box;margin-top:15px;margin-bottom:15px;margin-right:15px;margin-left:15px}#responsive-content-wrapper-519ad9b2-853e-4b61-852b-cbea8b5cca90 .responsive-content-text-links{margin-top:15px;margin-bottom:15px;margin-right:15px;margin-left:15px}#responsive-content-wrapper-519ad9b2-853e-4b61-852b-cbea8b5cca90 .responsive-content-text-wrap{text-align:initial}#responsive-content-wrapper-519ad9b2-853e-4b61-852b-cbea8b5cca90 .responsive-content-image{text-align:center;margin-top:15px;margin-right:0;margin-left:0;margin-bottom:15px}#responsive-content-wrapper-519ad9b2-853e-4b61-852b-cbea8b5cca90 .text-light .responsive-content-title,#responsive-content-wrapper-519ad9b2-853e-4b61-852b-cbea8b5cca90 .text-light .responsive-content-text-wrap p{color:#666}#responsive-content-wrapper-519ad9b2-853e-4b61-852b-cbea8b5cca90 .responsive-content-title{margin-top:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-519ad9b2-853e-4b61-852b-cbea8b5cca90 .repsponsive-content-link-wrap .simplelinklist a.white-link,#responsive-content-wrapper-519ad9b2-853e-4b61-852b-cbea8b5cca90 .repsponsive-content-link-wrap .simplelinklist a.white-link:hover{color:#004494;text-decoration:none}}</style><div class="responsive-content-wrapper subtle image-top" id="responsive-content-wrapper-519ad9b2-853e-4b61-852b-cbea8b5cca90" style="min-height:0px;"><div class="responsive-content-text-links "><div class="responsive-content-text-wrap"><h2 class="responsive-content-title">Featured Article: Chemical Synthesis – Polymers</h2><h3 class="responsive-content-subtitle"><strong>Investigate Kinetics and Optimize Reaction Variables</strong></h3><div class="text"><p><b>Wen Tian, Rongrong Hu, and Ben Zhong Tang, “One-Pot Multicomponent Tandem Reactions and Polymerizations for Step-Economic Synthesis of Structure-Controlled Pyrimidine Derivatives and Poly(pyrimidine)s”, Macromolecules 2018, 51, 9749−9757.</b></p><p>The researchers report the development of one-pot multicomponent tandem polymerization reactions (MCTP) that enable the synthesis of conjugated poly(pyrimidine)s with specific properties. They show that the polymerizations are performed using a diyne, guanidine HCl, DMSO and O<sub>2 </sub>in the presence of CuCl, Cs<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub> and N,N,N’,N’-tetramethylethylenediamine.</p><p>In situ FTIR experiments provided data for determining reaction kinetics and MCPT reaction time optimization parameters. ReactIR tracks key species in MCTP of P1 (under air) and P2 (under nitrogen) as a function of time. In the former, band at 1662 cm-1 increases due to formation of carbonyl group; in the latter band at 1662 cm-2 decreases since a carbonyl functionality is not present.</p></div></div></div></div></div><div class="responsivefeaturecontent section"><style>#responsive-content-wrapper-1bbf1ea6-5e57-42af-8bd8-1e12cc7fc157{position:relative;background-color:none;margin-top:0;overflow:hidden;margin-bottom:4px;border:solid 1px #e6e6e6}#responsive-content-wrapper-1bbf1ea6-5e57-42af-8bd8-1e12cc7fc157:after{content:"";display:table;clear:both}#responsive-content-wrapper-1bbf1ea6-5e57-42af-8bd8-1e12cc7fc157 .responsive-content-image{position:absolute;z-index:0;max-width:100%;right:0;margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-1bbf1ea6-5e57-42af-8bd8-1e12cc7fc157 .responsive-content-image img{max-width:100%;height:auto}#responsive-content-wrapper-1bbf1ea6-5e57-42af-8bd8-1e12cc7fc157 .mobile-image{display:none}#responsive-content-wrapper-1bbf1ea6-5e57-42af-8bd8-1e12cc7fc157 .responsive-content-text-links{position:relative;z-index:2;background-color:transparent;width:90%;float:left;margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-1bbf1ea6-5e57-42af-8bd8-1e12cc7fc157 .responsive-content-text-wrap{padding:15px;text-align:initial}#responsive-content-wrapper-1bbf1ea6-5e57-42af-8bd8-1e12cc7fc157 .responsive-content-text-wrap .text{padding:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-1bbf1ea6-5e57-42af-8bd8-1e12cc7fc157 .repsponsive-content-link-wrap{padding:0 15px}#responsive-content-wrapper-1bbf1ea6-5e57-42af-8bd8-1e12cc7fc157 .repsponsive-content-link-wrap .feedbackb{padding:0 0 15px 0}#responsive-content-wrapper-1bbf1ea6-5e57-42af-8bd8-1e12cc7fc157 .responsive-content-title{font-size:1.66rem;line-height:normal;font-weight:bold}#responsive-content-wrapper-1bbf1ea6-5e57-42af-8bd8-1e12cc7fc157 .responsive-content-subtitle{margin-top:0;font-size:1.5rem;line-height:normal;font-weight:normal;color:#a0a0a0}#responsive-content-wrapper-1bbf1ea6-5e57-42af-8bd8-1e12cc7fc157.subtle .responsive-content-text-wrap,#responsive-content-wrapper-1bbf1ea6-5e57-42af-8bd8-1e12cc7fc157.subtle .responsive-content-text-wrap p,#responsive-content-wrapper-1bbf1ea6-5e57-42af-8bd8-1e12cc7fc157.subtle .responsive-content-text-wrap ul,#responsive-content-wrapper-1bbf1ea6-5e57-42af-8bd8-1e12cc7fc157.subtle .responsive-content-text-wrap ol{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.5rem}#responsive-content-wrapper-1bbf1ea6-5e57-42af-8bd8-1e12cc7fc157.subtle .responsive-content-text-wrap ul,#responsive-content-wrapper-1bbf1ea6-5e57-42af-8bd8-1e12cc7fc157.subtle .responsive-content-text-wrap ol{margin-left:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-1bbf1ea6-5e57-42af-8bd8-1e12cc7fc157.prominent .responsive-content-title{font-size:3rem;line-height:3rem}#responsive-content-wrapper-1bbf1ea6-5e57-42af-8bd8-1e12cc7fc157.prominent .responsive-content-subtitle{font-size:1.5rem;line-height:1.75rem}#responsive-content-wrapper-1bbf1ea6-5e57-42af-8bd8-1e12cc7fc157 .responsive-content-text-wrap p:first-child{margin-top:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-1bbf1ea6-5e57-42af-8bd8-1e12cc7fc157 .responsive-content-text-wrap p:last-child{margin-bottom:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-1bbf1ea6-5e57-42af-8bd8-1e12cc7fc157 .text-light .responsive-content-title,#responsive-content-wrapper-1bbf1ea6-5e57-42af-8bd8-1e12cc7fc157 .text-light .responsive-content-text-wrap p{color:#fff}#responsive-content-wrapper-1bbf1ea6-5e57-42af-8bd8-1e12cc7fc157{background:0;background:-moz-linear-gradient(none,none,#fff);background:-webkit-linear-gradient(none,none,#fff);background:-o-linear-gradient(none,none,#fff);background:-ms-linear-gradient(none,none,#fff)}#responsive-content-wrapper-1bbf1ea6-5e57-42af-8bd8-1e12cc7fc157 .responsive-content-video{position:absolute;z-index:1;left:0;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-1bbf1ea6-5e57-42af-8bd8-1e12cc7fc157 .simplelinklist{margin-top:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-1bbf1ea6-5e57-42af-8bd8-1e12cc7fc157 .simplelinklist ul li{font-size:1rem}.mt_direction_right_to_left .responsive-content-text-wrap{text-align:right!important}@media(max-width:768px){#responsive-content-wrapper-1bbf1ea6-5e57-42af-8bd8-1e12cc7fc157{min-height:0!important;height:100%;overflow:hidden;margin:4px 2px 0 2px}#responsive-content-wrapper-1bbf1ea6-5e57-42af-8bd8-1e12cc7fc157 .show-on-mobile{display:block}#responsive-content-wrapper-1bbf1ea6-5e57-42af-8bd8-1e12cc7fc157 .hide-on-mobile,#responsive-content-wrapper-1bbf1ea6-5e57-42af-8bd8-1e12cc7fc157 .responsive-content-image .imageGradient{display:none}#responsive-content-wrapper-1bbf1ea6-5e57-42af-8bd8-1e12cc7fc157 .responsive-content-text-links,#responsive-content-wrapper-1bbf1ea6-5e57-42af-8bd8-1e12cc7fc157 .responsive-content-image,#responsive-content-wrapper-1bbf1ea6-5e57-42af-8bd8-1e12cc7fc157 .responsive-content-video{position:relative;float:none;clear:both;width:auto;box-sizing:border-box;margin-top:15px;margin-bottom:15px;margin-right:15px;margin-left:15px}#responsive-content-wrapper-1bbf1ea6-5e57-42af-8bd8-1e12cc7fc157 .responsive-content-text-links{margin-top:15px;margin-bottom:15px;margin-right:15px;margin-left:15px}#responsive-content-wrapper-1bbf1ea6-5e57-42af-8bd8-1e12cc7fc157 .responsive-content-text-wrap{text-align:initial}#responsive-content-wrapper-1bbf1ea6-5e57-42af-8bd8-1e12cc7fc157 .responsive-content-image{text-align:center;margin-top:15px;margin-right:0;margin-left:0;margin-bottom:15px}#responsive-content-wrapper-1bbf1ea6-5e57-42af-8bd8-1e12cc7fc157 .text-light .responsive-content-title,#responsive-content-wrapper-1bbf1ea6-5e57-42af-8bd8-1e12cc7fc157 .text-light .responsive-content-text-wrap p{color:#666}#responsive-content-wrapper-1bbf1ea6-5e57-42af-8bd8-1e12cc7fc157 .responsive-content-title{margin-top:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-1bbf1ea6-5e57-42af-8bd8-1e12cc7fc157 .repsponsive-content-link-wrap .simplelinklist a.white-link,#responsive-content-wrapper-1bbf1ea6-5e57-42af-8bd8-1e12cc7fc157 .repsponsive-content-link-wrap .simplelinklist a.white-link:hover{color:#004494;text-decoration:none}}</style><div class="responsive-content-wrapper subtle image-top" id="responsive-content-wrapper-1bbf1ea6-5e57-42af-8bd8-1e12cc7fc157" style="min-height:0px;"><div class="responsive-content-text-links "><div class="responsive-content-text-wrap"><h2 class="responsive-content-title">Featured Article: Chemical Synthesis – Pharmaceutical Intermediate</h2><h3 class="responsive-content-subtitle"><strong>Improved Process Understanding</strong></h3><div class="text"><p><b>Kallakuri Suparna Rao, Frédéric St-Jean, and Archana Kumar, “Quantitation of a Ketone Enolization and a Vinyl Sulfonate Stereoisomer Formation Using Inline IR Spectroscopy and Modeling”, Org. Process Res. Dev. 2019, 23, 945−951.</b></p><p>The authors report using ReactIR to study the formation of an important vinyl sulfonate intermediate in an API, which has an acyclic tetrasubstituted all-carbon oleﬁn. Via univariate and multivariate modeling, the in situ ReactIR data enabled real-time monitoring of the consumption and quantitative conversion of the ketone, the formation of the metal enolates, as well as quantitation of a minor stereoisomer in a product mixture of tetrasubstituted vinyl sulfonate stereoisomers. The models were validated using IR data acquired over a range of experimental conditions</p><p>To optimize the quantitative results, the ReactIR probe was used in combination with an EasyMax automated lab reactor in order to ensure precise control over parameters such as temperature, stirring rate and reaction time.</p></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="ptab-content applications" data-tab-name="applications" id="applications"><h3 class="ptabs_accordion_header simple-accordion_header simple-accordion_header-large"><span class="accordion_expander simple-accordion_icon"></span>Applications</h3><div class="ptab-content-body"><h3>Synthetic Organic Chemistry Applications</h3><div class="mask"></div><div class="overview_content"><div class="afapplicationspar parsys"><div class="productfamilycomparison section"><link rel="stylesheet" href="/etc/designs/mt/widgets/misc/productfamilycomparison.min-v54.css" type="text/css"><script src="/etc/designs/mt/widgets/misc/productfamilycomparison.min-v54.js"></script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/etc/designs/mt/widgets/misc/linklist.min-v54.css" type="text/css"><div class="productFamilyComparison blockLayout" data-see-more-label="Read more"><div class="link_blocks"><div class="link_block" data-productpage="/content/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/Controlling-Residual-Isocyanate.html"><div class="link_image"><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/Controlling-Residual-Isocyanate.html" data-width="300"><picture><source srcset="/dam/product_organizations/autochem/isocyanate2016/Isocyanate_Thumb.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/cq5dam.web.240.480.jpeg" media="(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 320px)" type="image/jpeg"><img loading="lazy" src="/dam/product_organizations/autochem/isocyanate2016/Isocyanate_Thumb.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/cq5dam.web.1280.1280.jpeg" alt="Control Residual Isocyanate" title="Control Residual Isocyanate"></picture></a></div><div class="link_info"><h3 class="link_title"><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/Controlling-Residual-Isocyanate.html"> Isocyanate Reactions </a></h3><div class="link_description familyDescription"><span class="link_description_text"> Isocyanates are critical building blocks for high performance polyurethane-based polymers that make up coatings, foams, adhesives, elastomers, and insulation. Concerns over exposure to residual isocya... </span><span class='text-collapse-see-more'>...<br></span><a class='text-collapse-link text-collapse-see-more' data-see-more-label="Read more" data-see-less-label="See less"><span class='collapse-arrow collapse-arrow-down'></span><span class="collapse_see_more_lbl"></span></a></div></div><div class="mobile_cta" style="display:none"><div class="familyMobile_bottomRow"><div class="familyMobile_seeDetails"><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/Controlling-Residual-Isocyanate.html"> See details </a></div><div class="familyMobile_feedbackButtons"><div class="image-feedback"><form class="fb-a-button-wrapper moreinfo_btn familyMobile_requestInfo" method="get" action="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/Controlling-Residual-Isocyanate.fb.1.cs.13.html"><button data-href="/content/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/Controlling-Residual-Isocyanate.fb.1.cs.13.html" class="fb-button-p5a blue small" data-swiftype-index="false"> Request Info </button></form></div></div><div class="familyMobile_tabNavigation"><ul><li><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/Controlling-Residual-Isocyanate.html">Overview</a></li><li><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/Controlling-Residual-Isocyanate.html#applications">Applications</a></li><li><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/Controlling-Residual-Isocyanate.html#publications">Publications</a></li><li><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/Controlling-Residual-Isocyanate.html#productsolutions">Related Products</a></li></ul></div><div class="familyMobile_seeLess"><a class="text-collapse-link text-collapse-see-less"><span class="collapse-arrow collapse-arrow-up"></span>See less</a></div></div></div></div><div class="link_block" data-productpage="/content/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/L2_Polymerization.html"><div class="link_image"><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/L2_Polymerization.html" data-width="300"><picture><source srcset="/dam/product_organizations/autochem/polymer/Measuring-Polymerization-Reactions-Thumb.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/cq5dam.web.240.240.webp" media="(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 320px)" type="image/webp"><source srcset="/dam/product_organizations/autochem/polymer/Measuring-Polymerization-Reactions-Thumb.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/cq5dam.web.240.480.jpeg" media="(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 320px)" type="image/jpeg"><source srcset="/dam/product_organizations/autochem/polymer/Measuring-Polymerization-Reactions-Thumb.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.webp" media="(min-width: 321px) and (max-width: 480px)" type="image/webp"><source srcset="/dam/product_organizations/autochem/polymer/Measuring-Polymerization-Reactions-Thumb.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.webp" media="(min-width: 481px) and (max-width: 640px)" type="image/webp"><source srcset="/dam/product_organizations/autochem/polymer/Measuring-Polymerization-Reactions-Thumb.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.webp" media="(min-width: 641px) and (max-width: 800px)" type="image/webp"><source srcset="/dam/product_organizations/autochem/polymer/Measuring-Polymerization-Reactions-Thumb.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.webp" media="(min-width: 801px)" type="image/webp"><img loading="lazy" src="/dam/product_organizations/autochem/polymer/Measuring-Polymerization-Reactions-Thumb.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/cq5dam.web.1280.1280.jpeg" alt="Measuring Polymerization Reactions" title="Measuring Polymerization Reactions"></picture></a></div><div class="link_info"><h3 class="link_title"><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/L2_Polymerization.html"> Polymerization Reactions </a></h3><div class="link_description familyDescription"><span class="link_description_text"> Polymerization reaction measurement is crucial to produce material that meets requirements, including Immediate understanding, accurate and reproducible, Improved safety. </span><span class='text-collapse-see-more'>...<br></span><a class='text-collapse-link text-collapse-see-more' data-see-more-label="Read more" data-see-less-label="See less"><span class='collapse-arrow collapse-arrow-down'></span><span class="collapse_see_more_lbl"></span></a></div></div><div class="mobile_cta" style="display:none"><div class="familyMobile_bottomRow"><div class="familyMobile_seeDetails"><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/L2_Polymerization.html"> See details </a></div><div class="familyMobile_feedbackButtons"><div class="image-feedback"><form class="fb-a-button-wrapper moreinfo_btn familyMobile_requestInfo" method="get" action="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/L2_Polymerization.fb.1.cs.13.html"><button data-href="/content/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/L2_Polymerization.fb.1.cs.13.html" class="fb-button-p5a blue small" data-swiftype-index="false"> Request Info </button></form></div></div><div class="familyMobile_tabNavigation"><ul><li><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/L2_Polymerization.html">Overview</a></li><li><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/L2_Polymerization.html#applications">Applications</a></li><li><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/L2_Polymerization.html#publications">Publications</a></li><li><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/L2_Polymerization.html#productsolutions">Related Products</a></li></ul></div><div class="familyMobile_seeLess"><a class="text-collapse-link text-collapse-see-less"><span class="collapse-arrow collapse-arrow-up"></span>See less</a></div></div></div></div><div class="link_block" data-productpage="/content/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/Impurity-Profiling-of-Chemical-Reactions.html"><div class="link_image"><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/Impurity-Profiling-of-Chemical-Reactions.html" data-width="300"><picture><img loading="lazy" src="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/Impurity-Profiling-of-Chemical-Reactions/_jcr_content/thumbnailImage.webImage.file.png" alt="Impurity Profiling of Chemical Reactions" title="Impurity Profiling of Chemical Reactions"></picture></a></div><div class="link_info"><h3 class="link_title"><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/Impurity-Profiling-of-Chemical-Reactions.html"> Impurity Profiling of Chemical Reactions </a></h3><div class="link_description familyDescription"><span class="link_description_text"> Impurity profiling aims at identification and subsequent quantification of specific components present at low levels, usually less than 1% and ideally lower than 0.1 %. </span><span class='text-collapse-see-more'>...<br></span><a class='text-collapse-link text-collapse-see-more' data-see-more-label="Read more" data-see-less-label="See less"><span class='collapse-arrow collapse-arrow-down'></span><span class="collapse_see_more_lbl"></span></a></div></div><div class="mobile_cta" style="display:none"><div class="familyMobile_bottomRow"><div class="familyMobile_seeDetails"><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/Impurity-Profiling-of-Chemical-Reactions.html"> See details </a></div><div class="familyMobile_feedbackButtons"><div class="image-feedback"><form class="fb-a-button-wrapper moreinfo_btn familyMobile_requestInfo" method="get" action="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/Impurity-Profiling-of-Chemical-Reactions.fb.1.cs.13.html"><button data-href="/content/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/Impurity-Profiling-of-Chemical-Reactions.fb.1.cs.13.html" class="fb-button-p5a blue small" data-swiftype-index="false"> Request Info </button></form></div></div><div class="familyMobile_tabNavigation"><ul><li><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/Impurity-Profiling-of-Chemical-Reactions.html">Overview</a></li><li><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/Impurity-Profiling-of-Chemical-Reactions.html#publications">Publications</a></li><li><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/Impurity-Profiling-of-Chemical-Reactions.html#productsolutions">Related Products</a></li></ul></div><div class="familyMobile_seeLess"><a class="text-collapse-link text-collapse-see-less"><span class="collapse-arrow collapse-arrow-up"></span>See less</a></div></div></div></div><div class="link_block" data-productpage="/content/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/Grignard_application.html"><div class="link_image"><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/Grignard_application.html" data-width="300"><picture><source srcset="/dam/0autochem/grignard-reaction.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/cq5dam.web.240.240.webp" media="(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 320px)" type="image/webp"><source srcset="/dam/0autochem/grignard-reaction.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/cq5dam.web.240.480.jpeg" media="(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 320px)" type="image/jpeg"><source srcset="/dam/0autochem/grignard-reaction.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.webp" media="(min-width: 321px) and (max-width: 480px)" type="image/webp"><source srcset="/dam/0autochem/grignard-reaction.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.webp" media="(min-width: 481px) and (max-width: 640px)" type="image/webp"><source srcset="/dam/0autochem/grignard-reaction.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.webp" media="(min-width: 641px) and (max-width: 800px)" type="image/webp"><source srcset="/dam/0autochem/grignard-reaction.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.webp" media="(min-width: 801px)" type="image/webp"><img loading="lazy" src="/dam/0autochem/grignard-reaction.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/cq5dam.web.1280.1280.jpeg" alt="Grignard Reaction Mechanisms" title="Grignard Reaction Mechanisms"></picture></a></div><div class="link_info"><h3 class="link_title"><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/Grignard_application.html"> Grignard Reaction Mechanisms </a></h3><div class="link_description familyDescription"><span class="link_description_text"> Grignard reactions are one of the most important reaction classes in organic chemistry. Grignard reactions are useful for forming carbon-carbon bonds. Grignard reactions form alcohols from ketones and... </span><span class='text-collapse-see-more'>...<br></span><a class='text-collapse-link text-collapse-see-more' data-see-more-label="Read more" data-see-less-label="See less"><span class='collapse-arrow collapse-arrow-down'></span><span class="collapse_see_more_lbl"></span></a></div></div><div class="mobile_cta" style="display:none"><div class="familyMobile_bottomRow"><div class="familyMobile_seeDetails"><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/Grignard_application.html"> See details </a></div><div class="familyMobile_feedbackButtons"><div class="image-feedback"><form class="fb-a-button-wrapper moreinfo_btn familyMobile_requestInfo" method="get" action="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/Grignard_application.fb.1.cs.13.html"><button data-href="/content/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/Grignard_application.fb.1.cs.13.html" class="fb-button-p5a blue small" data-swiftype-index="false"> Request Info </button></form></div></div><div class="familyMobile_tabNavigation"><ul><li><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/Grignard_application.html">Overview</a></li><li><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/Grignard_application.html#applications">Applications</a></li><li><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/Grignard_application.html#publications">Publications</a></li><li><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/Grignard_application.html#productsolutions">Related Products</a></li></ul></div><div class="familyMobile_seeLess"><a class="text-collapse-link text-collapse-see-less"><span class="collapse-arrow collapse-arrow-up"></span>See less</a></div></div></div></div><div class="link_block" data-productpage="/content/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/Reaction_Analysis_Hydrogenation.html"><div class="link_image"><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/Reaction_Analysis_Hydrogenation.html" data-width="300"><picture><source srcset="/dam/product_organizations/autochem/hydrogenation/Hydrogenations-Reactions-Monitoring.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/cq5dam.web.240.240.webp" media="(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 320px)" type="image/webp"><source srcset="/dam/product_organizations/autochem/hydrogenation/Hydrogenations-Reactions-Monitoring.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/cq5dam.web.240.480.jpeg" media="(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 320px)" type="image/jpeg"><source srcset="/dam/product_organizations/autochem/hydrogenation/Hydrogenations-Reactions-Monitoring.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.webp" media="(min-width: 321px) and (max-width: 480px)" type="image/webp"><source srcset="/dam/product_organizations/autochem/hydrogenation/Hydrogenations-Reactions-Monitoring.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.webp" media="(min-width: 481px) and (max-width: 640px)" type="image/webp"><source srcset="/dam/product_organizations/autochem/hydrogenation/Hydrogenations-Reactions-Monitoring.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.webp" media="(min-width: 641px) and (max-width: 800px)" type="image/webp"><source srcset="/dam/product_organizations/autochem/hydrogenation/Hydrogenations-Reactions-Monitoring.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.webp" media="(min-width: 801px)" type="image/webp"><img loading="lazy" src="/dam/product_organizations/autochem/hydrogenation/Hydrogenations-Reactions-Monitoring.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/cq5dam.web.1280.1280.jpeg" alt="Hydrogenation Reactions" title="Hydrogenation Reactions"></picture></a></div><div class="link_info"><h3 class="link_title"><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/Reaction_Analysis_Hydrogenation.html"> Hydrogenation Reactions </a></h3><div class="link_description familyDescription"><span class="link_description_text"> Hydrogenation reactions are used in the manufacturing of both bulk and fine chemicals for reducing multiple bonds to single bonds. Catalysts are typically used to promote these reactions and reaction... </span><span class='text-collapse-see-more'>...<br></span><a class='text-collapse-link text-collapse-see-more' data-see-more-label="Read more" data-see-less-label="See less"><span class='collapse-arrow collapse-arrow-down'></span><span class="collapse_see_more_lbl"></span></a></div></div><div class="mobile_cta" style="display:none"><div class="familyMobile_bottomRow"><div class="familyMobile_seeDetails"><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/Reaction_Analysis_Hydrogenation.html"> See details </a></div><div class="familyMobile_feedbackButtons"><div class="image-feedback"><form class="fb-a-button-wrapper moreinfo_btn familyMobile_requestInfo" method="get" action="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/Reaction_Analysis_Hydrogenation.fb.1.cs.13.html"><button data-href="/content/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/Reaction_Analysis_Hydrogenation.fb.1.cs.13.html" class="fb-button-p5a blue small" data-swiftype-index="false"> Request Info </button></form></div></div><div class="familyMobile_tabNavigation"><ul><li><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/Reaction_Analysis_Hydrogenation.html">Overview</a></li><li><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/Reaction_Analysis_Hydrogenation.html#publications">Publications</a></li><li><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/Reaction_Analysis_Hydrogenation.html#productsolutions">Related Products</a></li></ul></div><div class="familyMobile_seeLess"><a class="text-collapse-link text-collapse-see-less"><span class="collapse-arrow collapse-arrow-up"></span>See less</a></div></div></div></div><div class="link_block" data-productpage="/content/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/Highly_Reactive_Chemistry.html"><div class="link_image"><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/Highly_Reactive_Chemistry.html" data-width="93"><picture><img loading="lazy" src="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/Highly_Reactive_Chemistry/_jcr_content/thumbnailImage.webImage.file.png" alt="Highly Reactive Chemistries" title="Highly Reactive Chemistries"></picture></a></div><div class="link_info"><h3 class="link_title"><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/Highly_Reactive_Chemistry.html"> Highly Reactive Chemistries </a></h3><div class="link_description familyDescription"><span class="link_description_text"> Highly reactive chemistry is a terminology used to describe chemical reactions that are particularly challenging to handle and develop due to the potentially hazardous and/or energetic nature of the r... </span><span class='text-collapse-see-more'>...<br></span><a class='text-collapse-link text-collapse-see-more' data-see-more-label="Read more" data-see-less-label="See less"><span class='collapse-arrow collapse-arrow-down'></span><span class="collapse_see_more_lbl"></span></a></div></div><div class="mobile_cta" style="display:none"><div class="familyMobile_bottomRow"><div class="familyMobile_seeDetails"><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/Highly_Reactive_Chemistry.html"> See details </a></div><div class="familyMobile_feedbackButtons"><div class="image-feedback"><form class="fb-a-button-wrapper moreinfo_btn familyMobile_requestInfo" method="get" action="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/Highly_Reactive_Chemistry.fb.1.cs.13.html"><button data-href="/content/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/Highly_Reactive_Chemistry.fb.1.cs.13.html" class="fb-button-p5a blue small" data-swiftype-index="false"> Request Info </button></form></div></div><div class="familyMobile_tabNavigation"><ul><li><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/Highly_Reactive_Chemistry.html">Overview</a></li><li><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/Highly_Reactive_Chemistry.html#publications">Publications</a></li></ul></div><div class="familyMobile_seeLess"><a class="text-collapse-link text-collapse-see-less"><span class="collapse-arrow collapse-arrow-up"></span>See less</a></div></div></div></div><div class="link_block" data-productpage="/content/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/Reaction-Analysis_High_Pressure.html"><div class="link_image"><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/Reaction-Analysis_High_Pressure.html" data-width="93"><picture><img loading="lazy" src="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/Reaction-Analysis_High_Pressure/_jcr_content/thumbnailImage.webImage.file.png" alt="High Pressure Reactions" title="High Pressure Reactions"></picture></a></div><div class="link_info"><h3 class="link_title"><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/Reaction-Analysis_High_Pressure.html"> High Pressure Reactions </a></h3><div class="link_description familyDescription"><span class="link_description_text"> Many processes require reactions to be run under high pressure. Working under pressure is challenging and collecting samples for offline analysis is difficult and time consuming. A change in pressure... </span><span class='text-collapse-see-more'>...<br></span><a class='text-collapse-link text-collapse-see-more' data-see-more-label="Read more" data-see-less-label="See less"><span class='collapse-arrow collapse-arrow-down'></span><span class="collapse_see_more_lbl"></span></a></div></div><div class="mobile_cta" style="display:none"><div class="familyMobile_bottomRow"><div class="familyMobile_seeDetails"><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/Reaction-Analysis_High_Pressure.html"> See details </a></div><div class="familyMobile_feedbackButtons"><div class="image-feedback"><form class="fb-a-button-wrapper moreinfo_btn familyMobile_requestInfo" method="get" action="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/Reaction-Analysis_High_Pressure.fb.1.cs.13.html"><button data-href="/content/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/Reaction-Analysis_High_Pressure.fb.1.cs.13.html" class="fb-button-p5a blue small" data-swiftype-index="false"> Request Info </button></form></div></div><div class="familyMobile_tabNavigation"><ul><li><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/Reaction-Analysis_High_Pressure.html">Overview</a></li><li><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/Reaction-Analysis_High_Pressure.html#publications">Publications</a></li><li><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/Reaction-Analysis_High_Pressure.html#productsolutions">Related Products</a></li></ul></div><div class="familyMobile_seeLess"><a class="text-collapse-link text-collapse-see-less"><span class="collapse-arrow collapse-arrow-up"></span>See less</a></div></div></div></div><div class="link_block" data-productpage="/content/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/Halogenations.html"><div class="link_image"><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/Halogenations.html" data-width="0"><picture><img loading="lazy" src="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/Halogenations/_jcr_content/thumbnailImage.webImage.file.png" alt="Halogenation Reactions" title="Halogenation Reactions"></picture></a></div><div class="link_info"><h3 class="link_title"><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/Halogenations.html"> Halogenation Reactions </a></h3><div class="link_description familyDescription"><span class="link_description_text"> Halogenation occurs when one of more fluorine, chlorine, bromine, or iodine atoms replace one or more hydrogen atoms in an organic compound. Depending on the specific halogen, the nature of the substr... </span><span class='text-collapse-see-more'>...<br></span><a class='text-collapse-link text-collapse-see-more' data-see-more-label="Read more" data-see-less-label="See less"><span class='collapse-arrow collapse-arrow-down'></span><span class="collapse_see_more_lbl"></span></a></div></div><div class="mobile_cta" style="display:none"><div class="familyMobile_bottomRow"><div class="familyMobile_seeDetails"><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/Halogenations.html"> See details </a></div><div class="familyMobile_feedbackButtons"><div class="image-feedback"><form class="fb-a-button-wrapper moreinfo_btn familyMobile_requestInfo" method="get" action="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/Halogenations.fb.1.cs.13.html"><button data-href="/content/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/Halogenations.fb.1.cs.13.html" class="fb-button-p5a blue small" data-swiftype-index="false"> Request Info </button></form></div></div><div class="familyMobile_tabNavigation"><ul><li><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/Halogenations.html">Overview</a></li><li><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/Halogenations.html#applications">Applications</a></li><li><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/Halogenations.html#publications">Publications</a></li></ul></div><div class="familyMobile_seeLess"><a class="text-collapse-link text-collapse-see-less"><span class="collapse-arrow collapse-arrow-up"></span>See less</a></div></div></div></div><div class="link_block" data-productpage="/content/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/Catalytic-Reactions.html"><div class="link_image"><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/Catalytic-Reactions.html" data-width="300"><picture><source srcset="/dam/AutoChem_Media_Library/Catalytic-Reactions.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/cq5dam.web.240.240.webp" media="(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 320px)" type="image/webp"><source srcset="/dam/AutoChem_Media_Library/Catalytic-Reactions.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/cq5dam.web.240.480.jpeg" media="(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 320px)" type="image/jpeg"><source srcset="/dam/AutoChem_Media_Library/Catalytic-Reactions.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.webp" media="(min-width: 321px) and (max-width: 480px)" type="image/webp"><source srcset="/dam/AutoChem_Media_Library/Catalytic-Reactions.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.webp" media="(min-width: 481px) and (max-width: 640px)" type="image/webp"><source srcset="/dam/AutoChem_Media_Library/Catalytic-Reactions.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.webp" media="(min-width: 641px) and (max-width: 800px)" type="image/webp"><source srcset="/dam/AutoChem_Media_Library/Catalytic-Reactions.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.webp" media="(min-width: 801px)" type="image/webp"><img loading="lazy" src="/dam/AutoChem_Media_Library/Catalytic-Reactions.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/cq5dam.web.1280.1280.jpeg" alt="Catalytic Reactions" title="Catalytic Reactions"></picture></a></div><div class="link_info"><h3 class="link_title"><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/Catalytic-Reactions.html"> Catalyzed Reactions </a></h3><div class="link_description familyDescription"><span class="link_description_text"> Catalysts create an alternative path to increase the speed and outcome of a reaction, so a thorough understanding of the reaction kinetics is important. Not only does that provide information about th... </span><span class='text-collapse-see-more'>...<br></span><a class='text-collapse-link text-collapse-see-more' data-see-more-label="Read more" data-see-less-label="See less"><span class='collapse-arrow collapse-arrow-down'></span><span class="collapse_see_more_lbl"></span></a></div></div><div class="mobile_cta" style="display:none"><div class="familyMobile_bottomRow"><div class="familyMobile_seeDetails"><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/Catalytic-Reactions.html"> See details </a></div><div class="familyMobile_feedbackButtons"><div class="image-feedback"><form class="fb-a-button-wrapper moreinfo_btn familyMobile_requestInfo" method="get" action="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/Catalytic-Reactions.fb.1.cs.13.html"><button data-href="/content/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/Catalytic-Reactions.fb.1.cs.13.html" class="fb-button-p5a blue small" data-swiftype-index="false"> Request Info </button></form></div></div><div class="familyMobile_tabNavigation"><ul><li><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/Catalytic-Reactions.html">Overview</a></li></ul></div><div class="familyMobile_seeLess"><a class="text-collapse-link text-collapse-see-less"><span class="collapse-arrow collapse-arrow-up"></span>See less</a></div></div></div></div><div class="link_block" data-productpage="/content/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/synthesis-reactions.html"><div class="link_image"><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/synthesis-reactions.html" data-width="300"><picture><source srcset="/dam/autochem/applications/synthesis-reactions/synthesis-reaction-thumbnail-300x185.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/cq5dam.web.240.240.webp" media="(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 320px)" type="image/webp"><source srcset="/dam/autochem/applications/synthesis-reactions/synthesis-reaction-thumbnail-300x185.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/cq5dam.web.240.480.jpeg" media="(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 320px)" type="image/jpeg"><source srcset="/dam/autochem/applications/synthesis-reactions/synthesis-reaction-thumbnail-300x185.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.webp" media="(min-width: 321px) and (max-width: 480px)" type="image/webp"><source srcset="/dam/autochem/applications/synthesis-reactions/synthesis-reaction-thumbnail-300x185.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.webp" media="(min-width: 481px) and (max-width: 640px)" type="image/webp"><source srcset="/dam/autochem/applications/synthesis-reactions/synthesis-reaction-thumbnail-300x185.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.webp" media="(min-width: 641px) and (max-width: 800px)" type="image/webp"><source srcset="/dam/autochem/applications/synthesis-reactions/synthesis-reaction-thumbnail-300x185.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.webp" media="(min-width: 801px)" type="image/webp"><img loading="lazy" src="/dam/autochem/applications/synthesis-reactions/synthesis-reaction-thumbnail-300x185.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/cq5dam.web.1280.1280.jpeg" alt="synthesis reactions" title="synthesis reactions"></picture></a></div><div class="link_info"><h3 class="link_title"><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/synthesis-reactions.html"> Synthesis Reactions </a></h3><div class="link_description familyDescription"><span class="link_description_text"> A synthesis reaction is a chemical process in which simple elements or compounds combine to form a more complex product. It is represented by the equation: A + B → AB. </span><span class='text-collapse-see-more'>...<br></span><a class='text-collapse-link text-collapse-see-more' data-see-more-label="Read more" data-see-less-label="See less"><span class='collapse-arrow collapse-arrow-down'></span><span class="collapse_see_more_lbl"></span></a></div></div><div class="mobile_cta" style="display:none"><div class="familyMobile_bottomRow"><div class="familyMobile_seeDetails"><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/synthesis-reactions.html"> See details </a></div><div class="familyMobile_feedbackButtons"><div class="image-feedback"><form class="fb-a-button-wrapper moreinfo_btn familyMobile_requestInfo" method="get" action="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/synthesis-reactions.fb.1.cs.13.html"><button data-href="/content/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/synthesis-reactions.fb.1.cs.13.html" class="fb-button-p5a blue small" data-swiftype-index="false"> Request Info </button></form></div></div><div class="familyMobile_tabNavigation"><ul><li><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/synthesis-reactions.html">Overview</a></li><li><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/synthesis-reactions.html#applications">Applications</a></li><li><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/synthesis-reactions.html#publications">Publications</a></li><li><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/synthesis-reactions.html#productsolutions">Related Products</a></li></ul></div><div class="familyMobile_seeLess"><a class="text-collapse-link text-collapse-see-less"><span class="collapse-arrow collapse-arrow-up"></span>See less</a></div></div></div></div><div class="link_block" data-productpage="/content/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/design-of-experiments-doe.html"><div class="link_image"><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/design-of-experiments-doe.html" data-width="75"><picture><source srcset="/dam/0autochem/Design-of-Experiments-DoE.png/_jcr_content/renditions/cq5dam.web.240.240.webp" media="(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 320px)" type="image/webp"><source srcset="/dam/0autochem/Design-of-Experiments-DoE.png/_jcr_content/renditions/original.webp" media="(min-width: 321px) and (max-width: 480px)" type="image/webp"><source srcset="/dam/0autochem/Design-of-Experiments-DoE.png/_jcr_content/renditions/original.webp" media="(min-width: 481px) and (max-width: 640px)" type="image/webp"><source srcset="/dam/0autochem/Design-of-Experiments-DoE.png/_jcr_content/renditions/original.webp" media="(min-width: 641px) and (max-width: 800px)" type="image/webp"><source srcset="/dam/0autochem/Design-of-Experiments-DoE.png/_jcr_content/renditions/original.webp" media="(min-width: 801px)" type="image/webp"><img loading="lazy" src="/dam/0autochem/Design-of-Experiments-DoE.png/_jcr_content/renditions/cq5dam.web.1280.1280.png" alt="Design of Experiments (DoE)" title="Design of Experiments (DoE)"></picture></a></div><div class="link_info"><h3 class="link_title"><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/design-of-experiments-doe.html"> Design of Experiments (DoE) Studies </a></h3><div class="link_description familyDescription"><span class="link_description_text"> Design of Experiments (DoE) requires experiments to be conducted under well-controlled and reproducible conditions in chemical process optimization. Chemical synthesis reactors are designed to perform... </span><span class='text-collapse-see-more'>...<br></span><a class='text-collapse-link text-collapse-see-more' data-see-more-label="Read more" data-see-less-label="See less"><span class='collapse-arrow collapse-arrow-down'></span><span class="collapse_see_more_lbl"></span></a></div></div><div class="mobile_cta" style="display:none"><div class="familyMobile_bottomRow"><div class="familyMobile_seeDetails"><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/design-of-experiments-doe.html"> See details </a></div><div class="familyMobile_feedbackButtons"><div class="image-feedback"><form class="fb-a-button-wrapper moreinfo_btn familyMobile_requestInfo" method="get" action="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/design-of-experiments-doe.fb.1.cs.13.html"><button data-href="/content/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/design-of-experiments-doe.fb.1.cs.13.html" class="fb-button-p5a blue small" data-swiftype-index="false"> Request Info </button></form></div></div><div class="familyMobile_tabNavigation"><ul><li><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/design-of-experiments-doe.html">Overview</a></li><li><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/design-of-experiments-doe.html#productsolutions">Related Products</a></li></ul></div><div class="familyMobile_seeLess"><a class="text-collapse-link text-collapse-see-less"><span class="collapse-arrow collapse-arrow-up"></span>See less</a></div></div></div></div><div class="link_block" data-productpage="/content/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/reaction-mechanisms.html"><div class="link_image"><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/reaction-mechanisms.html" data-width="0"><picture><img loading="lazy" src="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/reaction-mechanisms/_jcr_content/thumbnailImage.webImage.file.png" alt="Reaction Mechanism Pathway" title="Reaction Mechanism Pathway"></picture></a></div><div class="link_info"><h3 class="link_title"><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/reaction-mechanisms.html"> Reaction Mechanisms & Pathway </a></h3><div class="link_description familyDescription"><span class="link_description_text"> Reaction mechanisms describe the successive steps at the molecular level that take place in a chemical reaction. Reaction mechanisms cannot be proven, but rather postulated based on empirical experime... </span><span class='text-collapse-see-more'>...<br></span><a class='text-collapse-link text-collapse-see-more' data-see-more-label="Read more" data-see-less-label="See less"><span class='collapse-arrow collapse-arrow-down'></span><span class="collapse_see_more_lbl"></span></a></div></div><div class="mobile_cta" style="display:none"><div class="familyMobile_bottomRow"><div class="familyMobile_seeDetails"><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/reaction-mechanisms.html"> See details </a></div><div class="familyMobile_feedbackButtons"><div class="image-feedback"><form class="fb-a-button-wrapper moreinfo_btn familyMobile_requestInfo" method="get" action="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/reaction-mechanisms.fb.1.cs.13.html"><button data-href="/content/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/reaction-mechanisms.fb.1.cs.13.html" class="fb-button-p5a blue small" data-swiftype-index="false"> Request Info </button></form></div></div><div class="familyMobile_tabNavigation"><ul><li><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/reaction-mechanisms.html">Overview</a></li><li><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/reaction-mechanisms.html#applications">Applications</a></li><li><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/reaction-mechanisms.html#publications">Publications</a></li><li><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/reaction-mechanisms.html#productsolutions">Related Products</a></li></ul></div><div class="familyMobile_seeLess"><a class="text-collapse-link text-collapse-see-less"><span class="collapse-arrow collapse-arrow-up"></span>See less</a></div></div></div></div><div class="link_block" data-productpage="/content/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/organometallic-synthesis.html"><div class="link_image"><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/organometallic-synthesis.html" data-width="300"><picture><source srcset="/dam/0autochem/organometallic-synthesis.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/cq5dam.web.240.240.webp" media="(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 320px)" type="image/webp"><source srcset="/dam/0autochem/organometallic-synthesis.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/cq5dam.web.240.480.jpeg" media="(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 320px)" type="image/jpeg"><source srcset="/dam/0autochem/organometallic-synthesis.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.webp" media="(min-width: 321px) and (max-width: 480px)" type="image/webp"><source srcset="/dam/0autochem/organometallic-synthesis.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.webp" media="(min-width: 481px) and (max-width: 640px)" type="image/webp"><source srcset="/dam/0autochem/organometallic-synthesis.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.webp" media="(min-width: 641px) and (max-width: 800px)" type="image/webp"><source srcset="/dam/0autochem/organometallic-synthesis.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.webp" media="(min-width: 801px)" type="image/webp"><img loading="lazy" src="/dam/0autochem/organometallic-synthesis.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/cq5dam.web.1280.1280.jpeg" alt="Organometallic Synthesis" title="Organometallic Synthesis"></picture></a></div><div class="link_info"><h3 class="link_title"><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/organometallic-synthesis.html"> Organometallic Synthesis and Chemistry </a></h3><div class="link_description familyDescription"><span class="link_description_text"> Organometallic Synthesis, or Organometallic Chemistry, refers to the process of creating organometallic compounds, and is among the most researched areas in chemistry. Organometallic compounds are fre... </span><span class='text-collapse-see-more'>...<br></span><a class='text-collapse-link text-collapse-see-more' data-see-more-label="Read more" data-see-less-label="See less"><span class='collapse-arrow collapse-arrow-down'></span><span class="collapse_see_more_lbl"></span></a></div></div><div class="mobile_cta" style="display:none"><div class="familyMobile_bottomRow"><div class="familyMobile_seeDetails"><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/organometallic-synthesis.html"> See details </a></div><div class="familyMobile_feedbackButtons"><div class="image-feedback"><form class="fb-a-button-wrapper moreinfo_btn familyMobile_requestInfo" method="get" action="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/organometallic-synthesis.fb.1.cs.13.html"><button data-href="/content/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/organometallic-synthesis.fb.1.cs.13.html" class="fb-button-p5a blue small" data-swiftype-index="false"> Request Info </button></form></div></div><div class="familyMobile_tabNavigation"><ul><li><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/organometallic-synthesis.html">Overview</a></li><li><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/organometallic-synthesis.html#applications">Applications</a></li><li><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/organometallic-synthesis.html#publications">Publications</a></li><li><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/organometallic-synthesis.html#productsolutions">Related Products</a></li></ul></div><div class="familyMobile_seeLess"><a class="text-collapse-link text-collapse-see-less"><span class="collapse-arrow collapse-arrow-up"></span>See less</a></div></div></div></div><div class="link_block" data-productpage="/content/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/oligonucleotide-synthesis.html"><div class="link_image"><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/oligonucleotide-synthesis.html" data-width="0"><picture><img loading="lazy" src="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/oligonucleotide-synthesis/_jcr_content/thumbnailImage.webImage.file.png" alt="Oligonucleotide Synthesis" title="Oligonucleotide Synthesis"></picture></a></div><div class="link_info"><h3 class="link_title"><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/oligonucleotide-synthesis.html"> Oligonucleotide Synthesis </a></h3><div class="link_description familyDescription"><span class="link_description_text"> Oligonucleotide synthesis is the chemical process by which nucleotides are specifically linked to form a product of desired sequenced. </span><span class='text-collapse-see-more'>...<br></span><a class='text-collapse-link text-collapse-see-more' data-see-more-label="Read more" data-see-less-label="See less"><span class='collapse-arrow collapse-arrow-down'></span><span class="collapse_see_more_lbl"></span></a></div></div><div class="mobile_cta" style="display:none"><div class="familyMobile_bottomRow"><div class="familyMobile_seeDetails"><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/oligonucleotide-synthesis.html"> See details </a></div><div class="familyMobile_feedbackButtons"><div class="image-feedback"><form class="fb-a-button-wrapper moreinfo_btn familyMobile_requestInfo" method="get" action="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/oligonucleotide-synthesis.fb.1.cs.13.html"><button data-href="/content/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/oligonucleotide-synthesis.fb.1.cs.13.html" class="fb-button-p5a blue small" data-swiftype-index="false"> Request Info </button></form></div></div><div class="familyMobile_tabNavigation"><ul><li><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/oligonucleotide-synthesis.html">Overview</a></li><li><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/oligonucleotide-synthesis.html#applications">Oligonucleotide Synthesis Applications</a></li><li><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/oligonucleotide-synthesis.html#publications">Publications</a></li><li><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/oligonucleotide-synthesis.html#productsolutions">Related Products</a></li></ul></div><div class="familyMobile_seeLess"><a class="text-collapse-link text-collapse-see-less"><span class="collapse-arrow collapse-arrow-up"></span>See less</a></div></div></div></div><div class="link_block" data-productpage="/content/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/alkylation-reactions.html"><div class="link_image"><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/alkylation-reactions.html" data-width="300"><picture><img loading="lazy" src="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/alkylation-reactions/_jcr_content/thumbnailImage.webImage.file.png" alt="What is Alkylation?" title="What is Alkylation?"></picture></a></div><div class="link_info"><h3 class="link_title"><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/alkylation-reactions.html"> Alkylation Reactions </a></h3><div class="link_description familyDescription"><span class="link_description_text"> Alkylation is the process by when an alkyl group is added to a substrate molecule. Alkylation reactions are a widely used technique in organic chemistry. </span><span class='text-collapse-see-more'>...<br></span><a class='text-collapse-link text-collapse-see-more' data-see-more-label="Read more" data-see-less-label="See less"><span class='collapse-arrow collapse-arrow-down'></span><span class="collapse_see_more_lbl"></span></a></div></div><div class="mobile_cta" style="display:none"><div class="familyMobile_bottomRow"><div class="familyMobile_seeDetails"><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/alkylation-reactions.html"> See details </a></div><div class="familyMobile_feedbackButtons"><div class="image-feedback"><form class="fb-a-button-wrapper moreinfo_btn familyMobile_requestInfo" method="get" action="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/alkylation-reactions.fb.1.cs.13.html"><button data-href="/content/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/alkylation-reactions.fb.1.cs.13.html" class="fb-button-p5a blue small" data-swiftype-index="false"> Request Info </button></form></div></div><div class="familyMobile_tabNavigation"><ul><li><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/alkylation-reactions.html">Overview</a></li><li><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/alkylation-reactions.html#productsolutions">Related Products</a></li></ul></div><div class="familyMobile_seeLess"><a class="text-collapse-link text-collapse-see-less"><span class="collapse-arrow collapse-arrow-up"></span>See less</a></div></div></div></div><div class="link_block" data-productpage="/content/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/epoxides.html"><div class="link_image"><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/epoxides.html" data-width="300"><picture><img loading="lazy" src="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/epoxides/_jcr_content/thumbnailImage.webImage.file.png" alt="Epoxides" title="Epoxides"></picture></a></div><div class="link_info"><h3 class="link_title"><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/epoxides.html"> Epoxides </a></h3><div class="link_description familyDescription"><span class="link_description_text"> This page outlines what epoxides are, how they are synthesized and technology to track reaction progression, including kinetics and key mechanisms. </span><span class='text-collapse-see-more'>...<br></span><a class='text-collapse-link text-collapse-see-more' data-see-more-label="Read more" data-see-less-label="See less"><span class='collapse-arrow collapse-arrow-down'></span><span class="collapse_see_more_lbl"></span></a></div></div><div class="mobile_cta" style="display:none"><div class="familyMobile_bottomRow"><div class="familyMobile_seeDetails"><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/epoxides.html"> See details </a></div><div class="familyMobile_feedbackButtons"><div class="image-feedback"><form class="fb-a-button-wrapper moreinfo_btn familyMobile_requestInfo" method="get" action="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/epoxides.fb.1.cs.13.html"><button data-href="/content/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/epoxides.fb.1.cs.13.html" class="fb-button-p5a blue small" data-swiftype-index="false"> Request Info </button></form></div></div><div class="familyMobile_tabNavigation"><ul><li><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/epoxides.html">Overview</a></li></ul></div><div class="familyMobile_seeLess"><a class="text-collapse-link text-collapse-see-less"><span class="collapse-arrow collapse-arrow-up"></span>See less</a></div></div></div></div><div class="link_block" data-productpage="/content/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/suzuki-coupling-cross-coupling-reactions.html"><div class="link_image"></div><div class="link_info"><h3 class="link_title"><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/suzuki-coupling-cross-coupling-reactions.html"> Suzuki Cross-Coupling Reactions Mechanisms </a></h3><div class="link_description familyDescription"><span class="link_description_text"> The Suzuki and related cross-coupling reactions use transition metal catalysts, such as palladium complexes, to form C-C bonds between alkyl and aryl halides with various organic compounds. </span><span class='text-collapse-see-more'>...<br></span><a class='text-collapse-link text-collapse-see-more' data-see-more-label="Read more" data-see-less-label="See less"><span class='collapse-arrow collapse-arrow-down'></span><span class="collapse_see_more_lbl"></span></a></div></div><div class="mobile_cta" style="display:none"><div class="familyMobile_bottomRow"><div class="familyMobile_seeDetails"><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/suzuki-coupling-cross-coupling-reactions.html"> See details </a></div><div class="familyMobile_feedbackButtons"><div class="image-feedback"><form class="fb-a-button-wrapper moreinfo_btn familyMobile_requestInfo" method="get" action="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/suzuki-coupling-cross-coupling-reactions.fb.1.cs.13.html"><button data-href="/content/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/suzuki-coupling-cross-coupling-reactions.fb.1.cs.13.html" class="fb-button-p5a blue small" data-swiftype-index="false"> Request Info </button></form></div></div><div class="familyMobile_tabNavigation"><ul><li><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/suzuki-coupling-cross-coupling-reactions.html">Overview</a></li><li><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/suzuki-coupling-cross-coupling-reactions.html#applications">Applications</a></li><li><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/suzuki-coupling-cross-coupling-reactions.html#publications">Publications</a></li></ul></div><div class="familyMobile_seeLess"><a class="text-collapse-link text-collapse-see-less"><span class="collapse-arrow collapse-arrow-up"></span>See less</a></div></div></div></div><div class="link_block" data-productpage="/content/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/lithiation-organolithium-reactions.html"><div class="link_image"><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/lithiation-organolithium-reactions.html" data-width="0"><picture><img loading="lazy" src="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/lithiation-organolithium-reactions/_jcr_content/thumbnailImage.webImage.file.png" alt="Lithiation Organolithium Reactions" title="Lithiation Organolithium Reactions"></picture></a></div><div class="link_info"><h3 class="link_title"><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/lithiation-organolithium-reactions.html"> Lithiation and Organolithium Reactions </a></h3><div class="link_description familyDescription"><span class="link_description_text"> Lithiation and organolithium reactions are key in the development of complex pharmaceutical compounds; organolithium compounds also act as initiators in certain polymerization reactions. </span><span class='text-collapse-see-more'>...<br></span><a class='text-collapse-link text-collapse-see-more' data-see-more-label="Read more" data-see-less-label="See less"><span class='collapse-arrow collapse-arrow-down'></span><span class="collapse_see_more_lbl"></span></a></div></div><div class="mobile_cta" style="display:none"><div class="familyMobile_bottomRow"><div class="familyMobile_seeDetails"><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/lithiation-organolithium-reactions.html"> See details </a></div><div class="familyMobile_feedbackButtons"><div class="image-feedback"><form class="fb-a-button-wrapper moreinfo_btn familyMobile_requestInfo" method="get" action="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/lithiation-organolithium-reactions.fb.1.cs.13.html"><button data-href="/content/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/lithiation-organolithium-reactions.fb.1.cs.13.html" class="fb-button-p5a blue small" data-swiftype-index="false"> Request Info </button></form></div></div><div class="familyMobile_tabNavigation"><ul><li><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/lithiation-organolithium-reactions.html">Overview</a></li><li><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/lithiation-organolithium-reactions.html#applications">Applications</a></li><li><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/lithiation-organolithium-reactions.html#publications">Publications</a></li><li><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/lithiation-organolithium-reactions.html#productsolutions">Related Products</a></li></ul></div><div class="familyMobile_seeLess"><a class="text-collapse-link text-collapse-see-less"><span class="collapse-arrow collapse-arrow-up"></span>See less</a></div></div></div></div><div class="link_block" data-productpage="/content/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/c-h-activation-reactions.html"><div class="link_image"></div><div class="link_info"><h3 class="link_title"><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/c-h-activation-reactions.html"> C-H Activation Reactions </a></h3><div class="link_description familyDescription"><span class="link_description_text"> C-H bond activation is a series of mechanistic processes by which stable carbon-hydrogen bonds in organic compounds are cleaved. </span><span class='text-collapse-see-more'>...<br></span><a class='text-collapse-link text-collapse-see-more' data-see-more-label="Read more" data-see-less-label="See less"><span class='collapse-arrow collapse-arrow-down'></span><span class="collapse_see_more_lbl"></span></a></div></div><div class="mobile_cta" style="display:none"><div class="familyMobile_bottomRow"><div class="familyMobile_seeDetails"><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/c-h-activation-reactions.html"> See details </a></div><div class="familyMobile_feedbackButtons"><div class="image-feedback"><form class="fb-a-button-wrapper moreinfo_btn familyMobile_requestInfo" method="get" action="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/c-h-activation-reactions.fb.1.cs.13.html"><button data-href="/content/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/c-h-activation-reactions.fb.1.cs.13.html" class="fb-button-p5a blue small" data-swiftype-index="false"> Request Info </button></form></div></div><div class="familyMobile_tabNavigation"><ul><li><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/c-h-activation-reactions.html">Overview</a></li><li><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/c-h-activation-reactions.html#productsolutions">Related Products</a></li></ul></div><div class="familyMobile_seeLess"><a class="text-collapse-link text-collapse-see-less"><span class="collapse-arrow collapse-arrow-up"></span>See less</a></div></div></div></div><div class="link_block" data-productpage="/content/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/organocatalysis.html"><div class="link_image"><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/organocatalysis.html" data-width="0"><picture><img loading="lazy" src="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/organocatalysis/_jcr_content/thumbnailImage.webImage.file.png" alt="Organocatalysis" title="Organocatalysis"></picture></a></div><div class="link_info"><h3 class="link_title"><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/organocatalysis.html"> Organocatalysis </a></h3><div class="link_description familyDescription"><span class="link_description_text"> Organocatalysis refers to the employment of particular organic molecules to speed up chemical reactions through catalytic activation. </span><span class='text-collapse-see-more'>...<br></span><a class='text-collapse-link text-collapse-see-more' data-see-more-label="Read more" data-see-less-label="See less"><span class='collapse-arrow collapse-arrow-down'></span><span class="collapse_see_more_lbl"></span></a></div></div><div class="mobile_cta" style="display:none"><div class="familyMobile_bottomRow"><div class="familyMobile_seeDetails"><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/organocatalysis.html"> See details </a></div><div class="familyMobile_feedbackButtons"><div class="image-feedback"><form class="fb-a-button-wrapper moreinfo_btn familyMobile_requestInfo" method="get" action="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/organocatalysis.fb.1.cs.13.html"><button data-href="/content/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/organocatalysis.fb.1.cs.13.html" class="fb-button-p5a blue small" data-swiftype-index="false"> Request Info </button></form></div></div><div class="familyMobile_tabNavigation"><ul><li><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/organocatalysis.html">Overview</a></li><li><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/organocatalysis.html#applications">Applications</a></li><li><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/organocatalysis.html#publications">Publications</a></li></ul></div><div class="familyMobile_seeLess"><a class="text-collapse-link text-collapse-see-less"><span class="collapse-arrow collapse-arrow-up"></span>See less</a></div></div></div></div><div class="link_block" data-productpage="/content/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/continuous-stirred-tank-reactor-cstr.html"><div class="link_image"><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/continuous-stirred-tank-reactor-cstr.html" data-width="300"><picture><source srcset="/dam/autochem/applications/cstr-continuous-stirred-tank-reactor/cstr-thumb.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/cq5dam.web.240.240.webp" media="(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 320px)" type="image/webp"><source srcset="/dam/autochem/applications/cstr-continuous-stirred-tank-reactor/cstr-thumb.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/cq5dam.web.240.480.jpeg" media="(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 320px)" type="image/jpeg"><source srcset="/dam/autochem/applications/cstr-continuous-stirred-tank-reactor/cstr-thumb.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.webp" media="(min-width: 321px) and (max-width: 480px)" type="image/webp"><source srcset="/dam/autochem/applications/cstr-continuous-stirred-tank-reactor/cstr-thumb.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.webp" media="(min-width: 481px) and (max-width: 640px)" type="image/webp"><source srcset="/dam/autochem/applications/cstr-continuous-stirred-tank-reactor/cstr-thumb.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.webp" media="(min-width: 641px) and (max-width: 800px)" type="image/webp"><source srcset="/dam/autochem/applications/cstr-continuous-stirred-tank-reactor/cstr-thumb.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/original.webp" media="(min-width: 801px)" type="image/webp"><img loading="lazy" src="/dam/autochem/applications/cstr-continuous-stirred-tank-reactor/cstr-thumb.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/cq5dam.web.1280.1280.jpeg" alt="Continuous Stirred Tank Reactors CSTR" title="Continuous Stirred Tank Reactors CSTR"></picture></a></div><div class="link_info"><h3 class="link_title"><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/continuous-stirred-tank-reactor-cstr.html"> Continuous Stirred Tank Reactors (CSTRs) </a></h3><div class="link_description familyDescription"><span class="link_description_text"> A continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) is a vessel in which reagents and reactants flow into a reactor, while the reaction product exits the vessel. </span><span class='text-collapse-see-more'>...<br></span><a class='text-collapse-link text-collapse-see-more' data-see-more-label="Read more" data-see-less-label="See less"><span class='collapse-arrow collapse-arrow-down'></span><span class="collapse_see_more_lbl"></span></a></div></div><div class="mobile_cta" style="display:none"><div class="familyMobile_bottomRow"><div class="familyMobile_seeDetails"><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/continuous-stirred-tank-reactor-cstr.html"> See details </a></div><div class="familyMobile_feedbackButtons"><div class="image-feedback"><form class="fb-a-button-wrapper moreinfo_btn familyMobile_requestInfo" method="get" action="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/continuous-stirred-tank-reactor-cstr.fb.1.cs.13.html"><button data-href="/content/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/continuous-stirred-tank-reactor-cstr.fb.1.cs.13.html" class="fb-button-p5a blue small" data-swiftype-index="false"> Request Info </button></form></div></div><div class="familyMobile_tabNavigation"><ul><li><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/continuous-stirred-tank-reactor-cstr.html">Overview</a></li><li><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/continuous-stirred-tank-reactor-cstr.html#applications">Industry Applications</a></li><li><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/continuous-stirred-tank-reactor-cstr.html#publications">Related Resources</a></li><li><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/continuous-stirred-tank-reactor-cstr.html#productsolutions">Citations and References</a></li><li><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/continuous-stirred-tank-reactor-cstr.html#custom5">FAQs</a></li></ul></div><div class="familyMobile_seeLess"><a class="text-collapse-link text-collapse-see-less"><span class="collapse-arrow collapse-arrow-up"></span>See less</a></div></div></div></div><div class="link_block" data-productpage="/content/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/click-chemistry-tools-click-reactions.html"><div class="link_image"><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/click-chemistry-tools-click-reactions.html" data-width="300"><picture><source srcset="/dam/autochem/applications/click-chemistry/click-chemistry-tools-click-reactions-thumbnail-300x185.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/cq5dam.web.240.240.webp" media="(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 320px)" type="image/webp"><source srcset="/dam/autochem/applications/click-chemistry/click-chemistry-tools-click-reactions-thumbnail-300x185.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/cq5dam.web.240.480.jpeg" media="(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 320px)" type="image/jpeg"><img loading="lazy" src="/dam/autochem/applications/click-chemistry/click-chemistry-tools-click-reactions-thumbnail-300x185.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/cq5dam.web.1280.1280.jpeg" alt="click chemistry tools for click reactions" title="click chemistry tools for click reactions"></picture></a></div><div class="link_info"><h3 class="link_title"><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/click-chemistry-tools-click-reactions.html"> Click Reactions and Click Chemistry Tools </a></h3><div class="link_description familyDescription"><span class="link_description_text"> Click reactions refer to chemical reactions that meet the criteria of click chemistry. Click reactions are typically fast, high-yielding, and occur under mild conditions, making them ideal for a varie... </span><span class='text-collapse-see-more'>...<br></span><a class='text-collapse-link text-collapse-see-more' data-see-more-label="Read more" data-see-less-label="See less"><span class='collapse-arrow collapse-arrow-down'></span><span class="collapse_see_more_lbl"></span></a></div></div><div class="mobile_cta" style="display:none"><div class="familyMobile_bottomRow"><div class="familyMobile_seeDetails"><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/click-chemistry-tools-click-reactions.html"> See details </a></div><div class="familyMobile_feedbackButtons"><div class="image-feedback"><form class="fb-a-button-wrapper moreinfo_btn familyMobile_requestInfo" method="get" action="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/click-chemistry-tools-click-reactions.fb.1.cs.13.html"><button data-href="/content/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/click-chemistry-tools-click-reactions.fb.1.cs.13.html" class="fb-button-p5a blue small" data-swiftype-index="false"> Request Info </button></form></div></div><div class="familyMobile_tabNavigation"><ul><li><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/click-chemistry-tools-click-reactions.html">Overview</a></li><li><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/click-chemistry-tools-click-reactions.html#applications">Click Reaction Examples in Industry</a></li><li><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/click-chemistry-tools-click-reactions.html#publications">Citations and References</a></li><li><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/click-chemistry-tools-click-reactions.html#custom5">FAQs</a></li></ul></div><div class="familyMobile_seeLess"><a class="text-collapse-link text-collapse-see-less"><span class="collapse-arrow collapse-arrow-up"></span>See less</a></div></div></div></div><div class="link_block" data-productpage="/content/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/hydroformylation-oxo-process.html"><div class="link_image"><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/hydroformylation-oxo-process.html" data-width="300"><picture><source srcset="/dam/autochem/applications/hydroformylation-oxo-process/hydroformylation-reaction-300x185.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/cq5dam.web.240.240.webp" media="(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 320px)" type="image/webp"><source srcset="/dam/autochem/applications/hydroformylation-oxo-process/hydroformylation-reaction-300x185.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/cq5dam.web.240.480.jpeg" media="(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 320px)" type="image/jpeg"><img loading="lazy" src="/dam/autochem/applications/hydroformylation-oxo-process/hydroformylation-reaction-300x185.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/cq5dam.web.1280.1280.jpeg" alt="hydroformylation reaction example" title="hydroformylation reaction example"></picture></a></div><div class="link_info"><h3 class="link_title"><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/hydroformylation-oxo-process.html"> Hydroformylation (Oxo Process) </a></h3><div class="link_description familyDescription"><span class="link_description_text"> Hydroformylation, also known as oxo synthesis, is a chemical reaction involving the addition of carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen (H₂) to an unsaturated compound, typically an alkene or alkyne. The re... </span><span class='text-collapse-see-more'>...<br></span><a class='text-collapse-link text-collapse-see-more' data-see-more-label="Read more" data-see-less-label="See less"><span class='collapse-arrow collapse-arrow-down'></span><span class="collapse_see_more_lbl"></span></a></div></div><div class="mobile_cta" style="display:none"><div class="familyMobile_bottomRow"><div class="familyMobile_seeDetails"><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/hydroformylation-oxo-process.html"> See details </a></div><div class="familyMobile_feedbackButtons"><div class="image-feedback"><form class="fb-a-button-wrapper moreinfo_btn familyMobile_requestInfo" method="get" action="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/hydroformylation-oxo-process.fb.1.cs.13.html"><button data-href="/content/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/hydroformylation-oxo-process.fb.1.cs.13.html" class="fb-button-p5a blue small" data-swiftype-index="false"> Request Info </button></form></div></div><div class="familyMobile_tabNavigation"><ul><li><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/hydroformylation-oxo-process.html">Overview</a></li><li><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/hydroformylation-oxo-process.html#applications">Application Examples</a></li><li><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/hydroformylation-oxo-process.html#publications">Citations and References</a></li><li><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/hydroformylation-oxo-process.html#productsolutions">Related Products</a></li><li><a href="/sg/en/home/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis/hydroformylation-oxo-process.html#custom5">More Information</a></li></ul></div><div class="familyMobile_seeLess"><a class="text-collapse-link text-collapse-see-less"><span class="collapse-arrow collapse-arrow-up"></span>See less</a></div></div></div></div><div class="link_block"></div></div></div></div><div class="matchingblockpush section"><link rel="stylesheet" href="/etc/designs/mt/widgets/misc/tabnavigation.min-v54.css" type="text/css"><div id="mb_applicationtabsafapplicationspar_3" class="matching_block_wrapper matching_box mb_gridLayout" data-swiftype-index="false"><input type="hidden" name="mbTabItemsCount" value="1"/><div class="tab_navigation_mb title">White Papers</div><div class="center"><div class="content accordion_blue_grey layout_ mb_gridLayout"><div class="mbItemGrid"><div class="mbItemWrapper rowLevel_2"><div class="mbItem"><div class="image"><a href="/sg/en/home/library/white-papers/automated-reactors/Innovative-Techniques-to-Synthesize-Breakthrough-Molecule.html"><img loading="lazy" src="/dam/direct-upload/smallImage/library/white-papers/automated-reactors/Innovative-Techniques-to-Synthesize-Breakthrough-Molecule/innovative-tech-syn-brk-mole-300x300.png/_jcr_content/renditions/cq5dam.web.1280.1280.png" align="right" alt="Techniques to Synthesize Breakthrough Molecules" title="Techniques to Synthesize Breakthrough Molecules"/></a><div class="itemInfo"><div class="mbItemTitle"><a href="/sg/en/home/library/white-papers/automated-reactors/Innovative-Techniques-to-Synthesize-Breakthrough-Molecule.html"> Techniques to Synthesize Breakthrough Molecules </a></div><div class="description hyphenate"><a class="noStyle" href="/sg/en/home/library/white-papers/automated-reactors/Innovative-Techniques-to-Synthesize-Breakthrough-Molecule.html"> Advances in organic chemistry allow researchers to expand R&D of molecules and optimize process conditions. A new white paper presents 4 case studies... </a></div><div class="feedback_wrapper"><form method="get" action="/sg/en/home/library/white-papers/automated-reactors/Innovative-Techniques-to-Synthesize-Breakthrough-Molecule.fb.lpLeftPar.feedbackbinclude.html"><button class="fb-button-p5a btn-action btn-primary" aria-label="Download White Paper"><span>Download White Paper</span></button></form></div></div></div></div></div><div class="mbVerticalSeparator rowLevel_2"></div><div class="mbItemWrapper rowLevel_2"><div class="mbItem"><div class="image"><a href="/sg/en/home/library/white-papers/automated-reactors/Modern-Synthesis-Lab.html"><img loading="lazy" src="/dam/autochem/library/whitepaper/modern-synthesis-lab/mod-syn-lab-300x300.png/_jcr_content/renditions/cq5dam.web.1280.1280.png" align="right" alt="The Modern Synthesis Lab" title="The Modern Synthesis Lab"/></a><div class="itemInfo"><div class="mbItemTitle"><a href="/sg/en/home/library/white-papers/automated-reactors/Modern-Synthesis-Lab.html"> The Modern Synthesis Lab </a></div><div class="description hyphenate"><a class="noStyle" href="/sg/en/home/library/white-papers/automated-reactors/Modern-Synthesis-Lab.html"> This white paper discusses a new toolbox specifically designed for chemists that expands experimental options, automates tedious tasks and captures hi... </a></div><div class="feedback_wrapper"><form method="get" action="/sg/en/home/library/white-papers/automated-reactors/Modern-Synthesis-Lab.fb.lpLeftPar.feedbackb.html"><button class="fb-button-p5a btn-action btn-primary" aria-label="Download White Paper"><span>Download White Paper</span></button></form></div></div></div></div></div><div class="mbItemWrapper rowLevel_3"><div class="mbItem"><div class="mbItemTitle"><a href="/sg/en/home/library/white-papers/automated-reactors/metal-catalyze.html"> Metal Catalyzed Transformations Using In-Situ Spectroscopy </a></div><div class="image"><a href="/sg/en/home/library/white-papers/automated-reactors/metal-catalyze.html"><img loading="lazy" src="/dam/autochem/thank-you-pages/teaser-images/metal-catalyzed-transformations-thumb-300x300.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/cq5dam.web.1280.1280.jpeg" align="right" alt="Metal Catalyzed Transformations Using In-Situ Spectroscopy" title="Metal Catalyzed Transformations Using In-Situ Spectroscopy"/></a><div class="itemInfo"><div class="description hyphenate"><a class="noStyle" href="/sg/en/home/library/white-papers/automated-reactors/metal-catalyze.html"> This white paper reviews recent advances in organic chemistry using chemical reaction monitoring. </a></div><div class="feedback_wrapper"><form method="get" action="/sg/en/home/library/white-papers/automated-reactors/metal-catalyze.fb.leftheaderpar.feedbackbinclude.html"><button class="fb-button-p5a btn-action btn-primary" aria-label="Download White Paper"><span>Download White Paper</span></button></form></div></div></div></div></div><div class="mbVerticalSeparator rowLevel_3"></div><div class="mbItemWrapper rowLevel_3"><div class="mbItem"><div class="mbItemTitle"><a href="/sg/en/home/library/white-papers/automated-reactors/In-Situ-Monitoring-of-Chemical-Reactions-White-Paper.html"> In-Situ Monitoring of Chemical Reactions </a></div><div class="image"><a href="/sg/en/home/library/white-papers/automated-reactors/In-Situ-Monitoring-of-Chemical-Reactions-White-Paper.html"><img loading="lazy" src="/dam/direct-upload/thumbnails/library/white-papers/automated-reactors/In-Situ-Monitoring-of-Chemical-Reactions-White-Paper/insitu-mon-chem-reac-300x300.png/_jcr_content/renditions/cq5dam.web.1280.1280.png" align="right" alt="in situ monitoring of chemical reactions" title="in situ monitoring of chemical reactions"/></a><div class="itemInfo"><div class="description hyphenate"><a class="noStyle" href="/sg/en/home/library/white-papers/automated-reactors/In-Situ-Monitoring-of-Chemical-Reactions-White-Paper.html"> In-situ reaction monitoring using spectroscopy enables scientists to see what is happening in their chemistry while it reacts and allows for immediate... </a></div><div class="feedback_wrapper"><form method="get" action="/sg/en/home/library/white-papers/automated-reactors/In-Situ-Monitoring-of-Chemical-Reactions-White-Paper.fb.leftheaderpar.feedbackbinclude.html"><button class="fb-button-p5a btn-action btn-primary" aria-label="Download White Paper"><span>Download White Paper</span></button></form></div></div></div></div></div><div class="mbVerticalSeparator rowLevel_3"></div><div class="mbItemWrapper rowLevel_3"><div class="mbItem"><div class="mbItemTitle"><a href="/sg/en/home/library/white-papers/automated-reactors/Process-FTIR-For-Safe-Operation-of-Sodium-Borohydride-Reduction.html"> Sodium Borohydride Reduction </a></div><div class="image"><a href="/sg/en/home/library/white-papers/automated-reactors/Process-FTIR-For-Safe-Operation-of-Sodium-Borohydride-Reduction.html"><img loading="lazy" src="/dam/non-indexed/po/autochem/whitepapers/process-ftir-safe-operation-sodium-borohydride-reduction/sodium-borohydrideWP--thumb-300x300.png/_jcr_content/renditions/cq5dam.web.1280.1280.png" align="right" alt="sodium borohydride reduction white paper" title="sodium borohydride reduction white paper"/></a><div class="itemInfo"><div class="description hyphenate"><a class="noStyle" href="/sg/en/home/library/white-papers/automated-reactors/Process-FTIR-For-Safe-Operation-of-Sodium-Borohydride-Reduction.html"> John O'Reilly of Roche Ireland discusses sustainable Process Analytical Technology (PAT) system using Process FTIR for the safe operation of a sodium... </a></div><div class="feedback_wrapper"><form method="get" action="/sg/en/home/library/white-papers/automated-reactors/Process-FTIR-For-Safe-Operation-of-Sodium-Borohydride-Reduction.fb.lpLeftPar.feedbackbinclude.html"><button class="fb-button-p5a btn-action btn-primary" aria-label="Download the White Paper"><span>Download the White Paper</span></button></form></div></div></div></div></div><div class="mbItemWrapper rowLevel_3"><div class="mbItem"><div class="mbItemTitle"><a href="/sg/en/home/library/white-papers/automated-reactors/Real-Time-Monitoring-Tandem-Hydroformylation-Hydrogenation.html"> Tandem Hydroformylation/Hydrogenation of Alkenes </a></div><div class="image"><a href="/sg/en/home/library/white-papers/automated-reactors/Real-Time-Monitoring-Tandem-Hydroformylation-Hydrogenation.html"><img loading="lazy" src="/dam/autochem/applications/hydroformylation-oxo-process/tandem-hydroformylation-hydrogenation-300x300.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/cq5dam.web.1280.1280.jpeg" align="right" alt="tandem hydroformylation hydrogenation" title="tandem hydroformylation hydrogenation"/></a><div class="itemInfo"><div class="description hyphenate"><a class="noStyle" href="/sg/en/home/library/white-papers/automated-reactors/Real-Time-Monitoring-Tandem-Hydroformylation-Hydrogenation.html"> Real time, in-situ mid-FTIR reaction monitoring leads to a greater understanding of catalyst activity and robustness. Researchers at the University of... </a></div><div class="feedback_wrapper"><form method="get" action="/sg/en/home/library/white-papers/automated-reactors/Real-Time-Monitoring-Tandem-Hydroformylation-Hydrogenation.fb.leftheaderpar.feedbackbinclude.html"><button class="fb-button-p5a btn-action btn-primary" aria-label="Download White Paper"><span>Download White Paper</span></button></form></div></div></div></div></div><div class="mbVerticalSeparator rowLevel_3"></div><div class="mbItemWrapper rowLevel_3"><div class="mbItem"><div class="mbItemTitle"><a href="/sg/en/home/library/white-papers/automated-reactors/Exothermic-Chemistry-Grignard-Reaction-Scale-Up.html"> Grignard Reaction Scale-up – 4 Steps to Control Development </a></div><div class="image"><a href="/sg/en/home/library/white-papers/automated-reactors/Exothermic-Chemistry-Grignard-Reaction-Scale-Up.html"><img loading="lazy" src="/sg/en/home/library/white-papers/automated-reactors/Exothermic-Chemistry-Grignard-Reaction-Scale-Up/_jcr_content/thumbnailImage.webImage.file.png" align="right" alt="Grignard Reaction Scale-up" title="Grignard Reaction Scale-up"/></a><div class="itemInfo"><div class="description hyphenate"><a class="noStyle" href="/sg/en/home/library/white-papers/automated-reactors/Exothermic-Chemistry-Grignard-Reaction-Scale-Up.html"> Exothermic chemical reactions pose inherent risks – especially during scale-up. Published studies from top chemical and pharmaceutical companies show... </a></div><div class="feedback_wrapper"><form method="get" action="/sg/en/home/library/white-papers/automated-reactors/Exothermic-Chemistry-Grignard-Reaction-Scale-Up.fb.mainpar.feedbackbinclude.html"><button class="fb-button-p5a btn-action btn-primary" aria-label="Request More Information"><span>Request More Information</span></button></form></div></div></div></div></div><div class="mbVerticalSeparator rowLevel_3"></div><div class="mbItemWrapper rowLevel_3"><div class="mbItem"><div class="mbItemTitle"><a href="/sg/en/home/library/white-papers/automated-reactors/continuous-reaction-optimization-experiments-rapid-analysis.html"> Rapid Analysis of Continuous Reaction Optimization Experiments </a></div><div class="image"><a href="/sg/en/home/library/white-papers/automated-reactors/continuous-reaction-optimization-experiments-rapid-analysis.html"><img loading="lazy" src="/dam/Newsroom/WhitePapers/Continuous-reaction-optimization-experiments_Thumbnail.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/cq5dam.web.1280.1280.jpeg" align="right" alt="Rapid Analysis of Continuous Reaction Optimization Experiments" title="Rapid Analysis of Continuous Reaction Optimization Experiments"/></a><div class="itemInfo"><div class="description hyphenate"><a class="noStyle" href="/sg/en/home/library/white-papers/automated-reactors/continuous-reaction-optimization-experiments-rapid-analysis.html"> The white paper - Rapid Analysis of Continuous Reaction Optimization Experiments - discusses how to optimize chemical reactions. </a></div><div class="feedback_wrapper"><form method="get" action="/sg/en/home/library/white-papers/automated-reactors/continuous-reaction-optimization-experiments-rapid-analysis.fb.leftheaderpar.feedbackbinclude.html"><button class="fb-button-p5a btn-action btn-primary" aria-label="Download White Paper"><span>Download White Paper</span></button></form></div></div></div></div></div><div class="mbItemWrapper rowLevel_3"><div class="mbItem"><div class="mbItemTitle"><a href="/sg/en/home/library/white-papers/automated-reactors/3-reaction-monitoring-studies.html"> 3 Reaction Monitoring Case Studies </a></div><div class="image"><a href="/sg/en/home/library/white-papers/automated-reactors/3-reaction-monitoring-studies.html"><img loading="lazy" src="/dam/0autochem/reaction-monitoring-case-studies.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/cq5dam.web.1280.1280.jpeg" align="right" alt="3 Reaction Monitoring Case Studies" title="3 Reaction Monitoring Case Studies"/></a><div class="itemInfo"><div class="description hyphenate"><a class="noStyle" href="/sg/en/home/library/white-papers/automated-reactors/3-reaction-monitoring-studies.html"> In this whitepaper, three case studies carried out at GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) demonstrate how probe-based and real-time FTIR instrumentation helped to c... </a></div><div class="feedback_wrapper"><form method="get" action="/sg/en/home/library/white-papers/automated-reactors/3-reaction-monitoring-studies.fb.leftheaderpar.feedbackb.html"><button class="fb-button-p5a btn-action btn-primary" aria-label="Get the White Paper Now"><span>Get the White Paper Now</span></button></form></div></div></div></div></div><div class="mbVerticalSeparator rowLevel_3"></div><div class="mbItemWrapper rowLevel_3"><div class="mbItem"><div class="mbItemTitle"><a href="/sg/en/home/library/white-papers/automated-reactors/Modern-Synthesis-Lab.html"> The Modern Synthesis Lab </a></div><div class="image"><a href="/sg/en/home/library/white-papers/automated-reactors/Modern-Synthesis-Lab.html"><img loading="lazy" src="/dam/autochem/library/whitepaper/modern-synthesis-lab/mod-syn-lab-300x300.png/_jcr_content/renditions/cq5dam.web.1280.1280.png" align="right" alt="The Modern Synthesis Lab" title="The Modern Synthesis Lab"/></a><div class="itemInfo"><div class="description hyphenate"><a class="noStyle" href="/sg/en/home/library/white-papers/automated-reactors/Modern-Synthesis-Lab.html"> This white paper discusses a new toolbox specifically designed for chemists that expands experimental options, automates tedious tasks and captures hi... </a></div><div class="feedback_wrapper"><form method="get" action="/sg/en/home/library/white-papers/automated-reactors/Modern-Synthesis-Lab.fb.lpLeftPar.feedbackb.html"><button class="fb-button-p5a btn-action btn-primary" aria-label="Download White Paper"><span>Download White Paper</span></button></form></div></div></div></div></div><div class="mbVerticalSeparator rowLevel_3"></div><div class="mbItemWrapper rowLevel_3"><div class="mbItem"><div class="mbItemTitle"><a href="/sg/en/home/library/white-papers/automated-reactors/chemical-reaction-profiling.html"> Chemical Reaction Profiling: A Review </a></div><div class="image"><a href="/sg/en/home/library/white-papers/automated-reactors/chemical-reaction-profiling.html"><img loading="lazy" src="/dam/0autochem/WP_ReactionProfiling.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/cq5dam.web.1280.1280.jpeg" align="right" alt="Chemical Reaction Profiling: A Review" title="Chemical Reaction Profiling: A Review"/></a><div class="itemInfo"><div class="description hyphenate"><a class="noStyle" href="/sg/en/home/library/white-papers/automated-reactors/chemical-reaction-profiling.html"> This white paper, In Situ Reaction Profiling: A Literature Review, reviews 20 examples from academic institutions that utilize in situ FTIR Spectrosco... </a></div><div class="feedback_wrapper"><form method="get" action="/sg/en/home/library/white-papers/automated-reactors/chemical-reaction-profiling.fb.leftheaderpar.feedbackb_copy_copy.html"><button class="fb-button-p5a btn-action btn-primary" aria-label="Download the Paper Now"><span>Download the Paper Now</span></button></form></div></div></div></div></div><div class="mbItemWrapper rowLevel_3"><div class="mbItem"><div class="mbItemTitle"><a href="/sg/en/home/library/white-papers/automated-reactors/Reaction-Insight-From-Every-Experiment.html"> Reaction Insight from Every Experiment </a></div><div class="image"><a href="/sg/en/home/library/white-papers/automated-reactors/Reaction-Insight-From-Every-Experiment.html"><img loading="lazy" src="/dam/non-indexed/po/autochem/whitepapers/reaction-insights-for-every-experiment/reac-insight-every-reac-300x300.png/_jcr_content/renditions/cq5dam.web.1280.1280.png" align="right" alt="Reaction Insight from Every Experiment" title="Reaction Insight from Every Experiment"/></a><div class="itemInfo"><div class="description hyphenate"><a class="noStyle" href="/sg/en/home/library/white-papers/automated-reactors/Reaction-Insight-From-Every-Experiment.html"> This paper presents five examples taken from recent journal articles in which HPLC alone was not sufficient to provide the insight scientists needed.... </a></div><div class="feedback_wrapper"><form method="get" action="/sg/en/home/library/white-papers/automated-reactors/Reaction-Insight-From-Every-Experiment.fb.leftheaderpar.feedbackb_copy.html"><button class="fb-button-p5a btn-action btn-primary" aria-label="Download Now"><span>Download Now</span></button></form></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="mbSeparator"></div></div><div class="matchingblockpush section"><div id="mb_applicationtabsafapplicationspar_6" class="matching_block_wrapper matching_box mb_gridLayout" data-swiftype-index="false"><input type="hidden" name="mbTabItemsCount" value="1"/><div class="tab_navigation_mb title">Webinars</div><div class="center"><div class="content accordion_blue_grey layout_ mb_gridLayout"><div class="mbItemGrid"><div class="mbItemWrapper rowLevel_2"><div class="mbItem"><div class="image"><a href="/sg/en/home/library/on-demand-webinars/automated-reactors/Hydrogenation-and-High-Pressure-Reaction-Monitoring.html"><img loading="lazy" src="/sg/en/home/library/on-demand-webinars/automated-reactors/Hydrogenation-and-High-Pressure-Reaction-Monitoring/_jcr_content/thumbnailImage.webImage.file.png" align="right" alt="Hydrogenation Under High Pressure" title="Hydrogenation Under High Pressure"/></a><div class="itemInfo"><div class="mbItemTitle"><a href="/sg/en/home/library/on-demand-webinars/automated-reactors/Hydrogenation-and-High-Pressure-Reaction-Monitoring.html"> Hydrogenation and High Pressure Reaction Monitoring </a></div><div class="description hyphenate"><a class="noStyle" href="/sg/en/home/library/on-demand-webinars/automated-reactors/Hydrogenation-and-High-Pressure-Reaction-Monitoring.html"> This presentation discusses the implementation of Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) reaction monitoring technology to provide knowledge and understand... </a></div><div class="feedback_wrapper"><form method="get" action="/sg/en/home/library/on-demand-webinars/automated-reactors/Hydrogenation-and-High-Pressure-Reaction-Monitoring.fb.lpLeftPar.feedbackb.html"><button class="fb-button-p5a btn-action btn-primary" aria-label="View the Webinar Now"><span>View the Webinar Now</span></button></form></div></div></div></div></div><div class="mbVerticalSeparator rowLevel_2"></div><div class="mbItemWrapper rowLevel_2"><div class="mbItem"><div class="image"><a href="/sg/en/home/library/on-demand-webinars/automated-reactors/intensification-process-safety.html"><img loading="lazy" src="/sg/en/home/library/on-demand-webinars/automated-reactors/intensification-process-safety/_jcr_content/thumbnailImage.webImage.file.png" align="right" alt="Impact of Process Intensification on Process Safety" title="Impact of Process Intensification on Process Safety"/></a><div class="itemInfo"><div class="mbItemTitle"><a href="/sg/en/home/library/on-demand-webinars/automated-reactors/intensification-process-safety.html"> Impact of Process Intensification on Process Safety </a></div><div class="description hyphenate"><a class="noStyle" href="/sg/en/home/library/on-demand-webinars/automated-reactors/intensification-process-safety.html"> This presentation discusses how Nalas Engineering safely handles high energy materials and hazardous chemistry. </a></div><div class="feedback_wrapper"><form method="get" action="/sg/en/home/library/on-demand-webinars/automated-reactors/intensification-process-safety.fb.lpLeftPar.feedbackb.html"><button class="fb-button-p5a btn-action btn-primary" aria-label="View the Presentation Now"><span>View the Presentation Now</span></button></form></div></div></div></div></div><div class="mbItemWrapper rowLevel_3"><div class="mbItem"><div class="mbItemTitle"><a href="/sg/en/home/library/on-demand-webinars/automated-reactors/Rationalizing-Unusual-Kinetics-in-C-H-Activations.html"> Rationalizing Unusual Kinetics in C-H Activations </a></div><div class="image"><a href="/sg/en/home/library/on-demand-webinars/automated-reactors/Rationalizing-Unusual-Kinetics-in-C-H-Activations.html"><img loading="lazy" src="/sg/en/home/library/on-demand-webinars/automated-reactors/Rationalizing-Unusual-Kinetics-in-C-H-Activations/_jcr_content/thumbnailImage.webImage.file.png" align="right" alt="Reaction Kinetics Progress Analysis Ryan Baxter" title="Reaction Kinetics Progress Analysis Ryan Baxter"/></a><div class="itemInfo"><div class="description hyphenate"><a class="noStyle" href="/sg/en/home/library/on-demand-webinars/automated-reactors/Rationalizing-Unusual-Kinetics-in-C-H-Activations.html"> This webinar explores a graphical analysis approach to rationalize unusual kinetics in C-H activations. The Reaction Progress Kinetic Analysis (RPKA)... </a></div><div class="feedback_wrapper"><form method="get" action="/sg/en/home/library/on-demand-webinars/automated-reactors/Rationalizing-Unusual-Kinetics-in-C-H-Activations.fb.lpLeftPar.feedbackb.html"><button class="fb-button-p5a btn-action btn-primary" aria-label="View the Webinar Now"><span>View the Webinar Now</span></button></form></div></div></div></div></div><div class="mbVerticalSeparator rowLevel_3"></div><div class="mbItemWrapper rowLevel_3"><div class="mbItem"><div class="mbItemTitle"><a href="/sg/en/home/library/on-demand-webinars/automated-reactors/Hydrogenation-and-High-Pressure-Reaction-Monitoring.html"> Hydrogenation and High Pressure Reaction Monitoring </a></div><div class="image"><a href="/sg/en/home/library/on-demand-webinars/automated-reactors/Hydrogenation-and-High-Pressure-Reaction-Monitoring.html"><img loading="lazy" src="/sg/en/home/library/on-demand-webinars/automated-reactors/Hydrogenation-and-High-Pressure-Reaction-Monitoring/_jcr_content/thumbnailImage.webImage.file.png" align="right" alt="Hydrogenation Under High Pressure" title="Hydrogenation Under High Pressure"/></a><div class="itemInfo"><div class="description hyphenate"><a class="noStyle" href="/sg/en/home/library/on-demand-webinars/automated-reactors/Hydrogenation-and-High-Pressure-Reaction-Monitoring.html"> This presentation discusses the implementation of Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) reaction monitoring technology to provide knowledge and understand... </a></div><div class="feedback_wrapper"><form method="get" action="/sg/en/home/library/on-demand-webinars/automated-reactors/Hydrogenation-and-High-Pressure-Reaction-Monitoring.fb.lpLeftPar.feedbackb.html"><button class="fb-button-p5a btn-action btn-primary" aria-label="View the Webinar Now"><span>View the Webinar Now</span></button></form></div></div></div></div></div><div class="mbVerticalSeparator rowLevel_3"></div><div class="mbItemWrapper rowLevel_3"><div class="mbItem"><div class="mbItemTitle"><a href="/sg/en/home/library/on-demand-webinars/automated-reactors/lonza.html"> DoE to Peptide Synthesis </a></div><div class="image"><a href="/sg/en/home/library/on-demand-webinars/automated-reactors/lonza.html"><img loading="lazy" src="/sg/en/home/library/on-demand-webinars/automated-reactors/lonza/_jcr_content/thumbnailImage.webImage.file.png" align="right" alt="DoE to Peptide Synthesis" title="DoE to Peptide Synthesis"/></a><div class="itemInfo"><div class="description hyphenate"><a class="noStyle" href="/sg/en/home/library/on-demand-webinars/automated-reactors/lonza.html"> Learn how Design of Experiments (DoE) is applied to chemical synthesis at Lonza Peptide. </a></div><div class="feedback_wrapper"><form method="get" action="/sg/en/home/library/on-demand-webinars/automated-reactors/lonza.fb.lpLeftPar.feedbackb.html"><button class="fb-button-p5a btn-action btn-primary" aria-label="Watch Free Webinar"><span>Watch Free Webinar</span></button></form></div></div></div></div></div><div class="mbItemWrapper rowLevel_3"><div class="mbItem"><div class="mbItemTitle"><a href="/sg/en/home/library/on-demand-webinars/automated-reactors/new-radical-reactions-enabled-by-in-situ-reaction-monitoring.html"> New Radical Reactions Enabled by In Situ Reaction Monitoring </a></div><div class="image"><a href="/sg/en/home/library/on-demand-webinars/automated-reactors/new-radical-reactions-enabled-by-in-situ-reaction-monitoring.html"><img loading="lazy" src="/dam/0autochem/BaxterJan23_webinar_thumb_.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/cq5dam.web.1280.1280.jpeg" align="right" alt="New Radical Reactions Enabled by In Situ Reaction Monitoring" title="New Radical Reactions Enabled by In Situ Reaction Monitoring"/></a><div class="itemInfo"><div class="description hyphenate"><a class="noStyle" href="/sg/en/home/library/on-demand-webinars/automated-reactors/new-radical-reactions-enabled-by-in-situ-reaction-monitoring.html"> Presented by Professor Ryan Baxter of the University of California-Merced, this on-demand webinar discusses research that involved new radical reactio... </a></div><div class="feedback_wrapper"><form method="get" action="/sg/en/home/library/on-demand-webinars/automated-reactors/new-radical-reactions-enabled-by-in-situ-reaction-monitoring.fb.lpLeftPar.feedbackb.html"><button class="fb-button-p5a btn-action btn-primary" aria-label="View the Presentation Now"><span>View the Presentation Now</span></button></form></div></div></div></div></div><div class="mbVerticalSeparator rowLevel_3"></div><div class="mbItemWrapper rowLevel_3"><div class="mbItem"><div class="mbItemTitle"><a href="/sg/en/home/library/on-demand-webinars/automated-reactors/process-development-and-kinetic-understanding.html"> Process Development and Kinetic Understanding </a></div><div class="image"><a href="/sg/en/home/library/on-demand-webinars/automated-reactors/process-development-and-kinetic-understanding.html"><img loading="lazy" src="/dam/0autochem/Moschetta_thumb_.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/cq5dam.web.1280.1280.jpeg" align="right" alt="Process Development and Kinetic Understanding" title="Process Development and Kinetic Understanding"/></a><div class="itemInfo"><div class="description hyphenate"><a class="noStyle" href="/sg/en/home/library/on-demand-webinars/automated-reactors/process-development-and-kinetic-understanding.html"> Presented by Eric Moschetta, this on-demand webinar describes how AbbVie built a robust kinetic model to understand a late-stage API process </a></div><div class="feedback_wrapper"><form method="get" action="/sg/en/home/library/on-demand-webinars/automated-reactors/process-development-and-kinetic-understanding.fb.lpLeftPar.feedbackb.html"><button class="fb-button-p5a btn-action btn-primary" aria-label="View the Presentation Now"><span>View the Presentation Now</span></button></form></div></div></div></div></div><div class="mbVerticalSeparator rowLevel_3"></div><div class="mbItemWrapper rowLevel_3"><div class="mbItem"><div class="mbItemTitle"><a href="/sg/en/home/library/on-demand-webinars/automated-reactors/Development-of-an-Alkylation-Reaction.html"> Development of an Alkylation Reaction </a></div><div class="image"><a href="/sg/en/home/library/on-demand-webinars/automated-reactors/Development-of-an-Alkylation-Reaction.html"><img loading="lazy" src="/sg/en/home/library/on-demand-webinars/automated-reactors/Development-of-an-Alkylation-Reaction/_jcr_content/thumbnailImage.webImage.file.png" align="right" alt="Alkylation Reaction Development" title="Alkylation Reaction Development"/></a><div class="itemInfo"><div class="description hyphenate"><a class="noStyle" href="/sg/en/home/library/on-demand-webinars/automated-reactors/Development-of-an-Alkylation-Reaction.html"> Kevin Stone discusses how Merck Chemical Engineering Research & Development (CERD) leverages process fingerprinting tools in the development of an Alk... </a></div><div class="feedback_wrapper"><form method="get" action="/sg/en/home/library/on-demand-webinars/automated-reactors/Development-of-an-Alkylation-Reaction.fb.lpLeftPar.feedbackb.html"><button class="fb-button-p5a btn-action btn-primary" aria-label="View the Webinar Now"><span>View the Webinar Now</span></button></form></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="mbSeparator"></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="ptab-content publications" data-tab-name="publications" id="publications"><h3 class="ptabs_accordion_header simple-accordion_header simple-accordion_header-large"><span class="accordion_expander simple-accordion_icon"></span>Publications</h3><div class="ptab-content-body"><h3>Publications on Synthetic Organic Chemistry</h3><div class="mask"></div><div class="publicationsblockpar parsys"><div class="responsivefeaturecontent section"><style>#responsive-content-wrapper-8be7f633-ca54-49c1-9ab1-92b8c41a025e{position:relative;background-color:none;margin-top:0;overflow:hidden;margin-bottom:4px;border:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-8be7f633-ca54-49c1-9ab1-92b8c41a025e:after{content:"";display:table;clear:both}#responsive-content-wrapper-8be7f633-ca54-49c1-9ab1-92b8c41a025e .responsive-content-image{position:absolute;z-index:0;max-width:100%;right:0;margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-8be7f633-ca54-49c1-9ab1-92b8c41a025e .responsive-content-image img{max-width:100%;height:auto}#responsive-content-wrapper-8be7f633-ca54-49c1-9ab1-92b8c41a025e .mobile-image{display:none}#responsive-content-wrapper-8be7f633-ca54-49c1-9ab1-92b8c41a025e .responsive-content-text-links{position:relative;z-index:2;background-color:transparent;width:90%;float:left;margin-top:0;margin-right:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-8be7f633-ca54-49c1-9ab1-92b8c41a025e .responsive-content-text-wrap{padding:15px;text-align:initial}#responsive-content-wrapper-8be7f633-ca54-49c1-9ab1-92b8c41a025e .responsive-content-text-wrap .text{padding:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-8be7f633-ca54-49c1-9ab1-92b8c41a025e .repsponsive-content-link-wrap{padding:0 15px}#responsive-content-wrapper-8be7f633-ca54-49c1-9ab1-92b8c41a025e .repsponsive-content-link-wrap .feedbackb{padding:0 0 15px 0}#responsive-content-wrapper-8be7f633-ca54-49c1-9ab1-92b8c41a025e .responsive-content-title{font-size:1.66rem;line-height:normal;font-weight:bold}#responsive-content-wrapper-8be7f633-ca54-49c1-9ab1-92b8c41a025e .responsive-content-subtitle{margin-top:0;font-size:1.5rem;line-height:normal;font-weight:normal;color:#a0a0a0}#responsive-content-wrapper-8be7f633-ca54-49c1-9ab1-92b8c41a025e.subtle .responsive-content-text-wrap,#responsive-content-wrapper-8be7f633-ca54-49c1-9ab1-92b8c41a025e.subtle .responsive-content-text-wrap p,#responsive-content-wrapper-8be7f633-ca54-49c1-9ab1-92b8c41a025e.subtle .responsive-content-text-wrap ul,#responsive-content-wrapper-8be7f633-ca54-49c1-9ab1-92b8c41a025e.subtle .responsive-content-text-wrap ol{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.5rem}#responsive-content-wrapper-8be7f633-ca54-49c1-9ab1-92b8c41a025e.subtle .responsive-content-text-wrap ul,#responsive-content-wrapper-8be7f633-ca54-49c1-9ab1-92b8c41a025e.subtle .responsive-content-text-wrap ol{margin-left:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-8be7f633-ca54-49c1-9ab1-92b8c41a025e.prominent .responsive-content-title{font-size:3rem;line-height:3rem}#responsive-content-wrapper-8be7f633-ca54-49c1-9ab1-92b8c41a025e.prominent .responsive-content-subtitle{font-size:1.5rem;line-height:1.75rem}#responsive-content-wrapper-8be7f633-ca54-49c1-9ab1-92b8c41a025e .responsive-content-text-wrap p:first-child{margin-top:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-8be7f633-ca54-49c1-9ab1-92b8c41a025e .responsive-content-text-wrap p:last-child{margin-bottom:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-8be7f633-ca54-49c1-9ab1-92b8c41a025e .text-light .responsive-content-title,#responsive-content-wrapper-8be7f633-ca54-49c1-9ab1-92b8c41a025e .text-light .responsive-content-text-wrap p{color:#fff}#responsive-content-wrapper-8be7f633-ca54-49c1-9ab1-92b8c41a025e{background:0;background:-moz-linear-gradient(none,none,#fff);background:-webkit-linear-gradient(none,none,#fff);background:-o-linear-gradient(none,none,#fff);background:-ms-linear-gradient(none,none,#fff)}#responsive-content-wrapper-8be7f633-ca54-49c1-9ab1-92b8c41a025e .responsive-content-video{position:absolute;z-index:1;left:0;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;margin-right:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-8be7f633-ca54-49c1-9ab1-92b8c41a025e .simplelinklist{margin-top:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-8be7f633-ca54-49c1-9ab1-92b8c41a025e .simplelinklist ul li{font-size:1rem}.mt_direction_right_to_left .responsive-content-text-wrap{text-align:right!important}@media(max-width:768px){#responsive-content-wrapper-8be7f633-ca54-49c1-9ab1-92b8c41a025e{min-height:0!important;height:100%;overflow:hidden;margin:4px 2px 0 2px}#responsive-content-wrapper-8be7f633-ca54-49c1-9ab1-92b8c41a025e .show-on-mobile{display:block}#responsive-content-wrapper-8be7f633-ca54-49c1-9ab1-92b8c41a025e .hide-on-mobile,#responsive-content-wrapper-8be7f633-ca54-49c1-9ab1-92b8c41a025e .responsive-content-image .imageGradient{display:none}#responsive-content-wrapper-8be7f633-ca54-49c1-9ab1-92b8c41a025e .responsive-content-text-links,#responsive-content-wrapper-8be7f633-ca54-49c1-9ab1-92b8c41a025e .responsive-content-image,#responsive-content-wrapper-8be7f633-ca54-49c1-9ab1-92b8c41a025e .responsive-content-video{position:relative;float:none;clear:both;width:auto;box-sizing:border-box;margin-top:15px;margin-bottom:15px;margin-right:15px;margin-left:15px}#responsive-content-wrapper-8be7f633-ca54-49c1-9ab1-92b8c41a025e .responsive-content-text-links{margin-top:15px;margin-bottom:15px;margin-right:15px;margin-left:15px}#responsive-content-wrapper-8be7f633-ca54-49c1-9ab1-92b8c41a025e .responsive-content-text-wrap{text-align:initial}#responsive-content-wrapper-8be7f633-ca54-49c1-9ab1-92b8c41a025e .responsive-content-image{text-align:center;margin-top:15px;margin-right:0;margin-left:0;margin-bottom:15px}#responsive-content-wrapper-8be7f633-ca54-49c1-9ab1-92b8c41a025e .text-light .responsive-content-title,#responsive-content-wrapper-8be7f633-ca54-49c1-9ab1-92b8c41a025e .text-light .responsive-content-text-wrap p{color:#666}#responsive-content-wrapper-8be7f633-ca54-49c1-9ab1-92b8c41a025e .responsive-content-title{margin-top:0}#responsive-content-wrapper-8be7f633-ca54-49c1-9ab1-92b8c41a025e .repsponsive-content-link-wrap .simplelinklist a.white-link,#responsive-content-wrapper-8be7f633-ca54-49c1-9ab1-92b8c41a025e .repsponsive-content-link-wrap .simplelinklist a.white-link:hover{color:#004494;text-decoration:none}}</style><div class="responsive-content-wrapper subtle image-top" id="responsive-content-wrapper-8be7f633-ca54-49c1-9ab1-92b8c41a025e" style="min-height:0px;"><div class="responsive-content-text-links "><div class="responsive-content-text-wrap"><h2 class="responsive-content-title">Chemical Synthesis in Peer-Reviewed Publications</h2><div class="text"><ul><li>Si-min Yu, William K. Snavely, Raghunath V. Chaudhari, Bala Subramaniam, “Butadiene hydroformylation to adipaldehyde with Rh-based catalysts: Insights into ligand effects”, Mol.Catal., 2020, 484, 110721.</li><li>Ryan Nouch, Simon Woodward, Darren Willcox, David Robinson, William Lewis, "Mechanistic-Insight-Driven Rate Enhancement of Asymmetric Copper-Catalyzed 1,4-Addition of Dialkylzinc Reagents to Enones”, Organometallics 2020, March 3, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00005.</li><li>Reni Grauke, Rahel Schepper, Jabor Rabeah , Roland Schoch, Ursula Bentrup, Matthias Bauer, Angelika Brückner, “Impact of Al Activators on Structure and Catalytic Performance of Cr Catalysts in Homogeneous Ethylene Oligomerization – A Multitechnique in situ/operando Study”, 23 October 2019, https://doi.org/10.1002/cctc.201901441.</li><li>Drew M. Hood, Ryan A. Johnson, Alex E. Carpenter, Jarod M. Younker, David J. Vinyard, George G. Stanley, “Highly active cationic cobalt(II) hydroformylation catalysts”, Science, 2020, 367(6477), 542-548.</li><li>Anne-Marie Dechert-Schmitt, Michelle R. Garnsey, Hanna M. Wisniewska, James I. Murray, Taegyo Lee, Daniel W. Kung, Neal Sach, and Donna G. Blackmond, “Highly Modular Synthesis of 1,2-Diketones via Multicomponent Coupling Reactions of Isocyanides as CO Equivalents”, ACS Catal. 2019, 9, 4508−4515.</li><li>Michaela Wernik, Peter Poechlauer, Christoph Schmoelzer, Doris Dallinger, C. Oliver Kappe, “Design and Optimization of a Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor Cascade for Membrane-Based Diazomethane Production: Synthesis of α‑Chloroketones”, Org. Process Res. Dev. 2019, 23, 1359−1368.</li><li>Kori A. Andrea, Francesca M. Kerton, “Triarylborane-Catalyzed Formation of Cyclic Organic Carbonates and Polycarbonates”, ACS Catal., 2019, 9, pp 1799–1809.</li><li>Thibault E. Schmid, Carine Robert, Vincent Richard, Sumesh K. Raman, Vincent Guérineau, Christophe M. Thomas, “Aluminum‐Catalyzed One‐Pot Synthesis of Polyester‐b‐Polypeptide Block Copolymers by Ring‐Opening Polymerization”, Macromol. Chem. and Phys., 2019, <u><a href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/toc/15213935/2019/220/14" _rte_href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/toc/15213935/2019/220/14">220(14</a></u>), https://doi.org/10.1002/macp.201900040.</li><li>Niklas O. Thiel, Benyapa Kaewmee, Trung Tran Ngoc, Johannes F. Teichert, “A Simple Nickel Catalyst Enables Broad E-Selective Alkyne Semihydrogenation”, ChemRxiv, 23/08/2019 doi.org/10.26434/chemrxiv.9715955.v1.</li><li>Jeanne Masson-Makdissi, Young Jin Jang, Liher Prieto, Mark S. Taylor, Mark Lautens, “Rhodium-Catalyzed Tandem Isomerization−Allylation: From Diallyl Carbonates to α‑Quaternary Aldehydes”, ACS Catal. 2019, 9, 11808−11812.</li></ul></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="ptab-content productsolutions" data-tab-name="productsolutions" id="productsolutions"><h3 class="ptabs_accordion_header simple-accordion_header simple-accordion_header-large"><span class="accordion_expander simple-accordion_icon"></span>Related Products</h3><div class="ptab-content-body"><h3>Synthetic Organic Chemistry Tools</h3><div class="mask"></div><div id="ptab_products_data"><div class="afproductspar parsys"><div class="linklist section"><script src="/etc/designs/mt/widgets/misc/linklist.min-v54.js"></script> <div class="main_content_layer linklist_main_content_layer"><div class="link_blocks"><div class="link_block"><div class="link_image"><a href="/sg/en/home/products/L1_AutochemProducts/automated-sampling-systems.html"><img loading="lazy" alt="easysampler automatic sampling system" title="easysampler automatic sampling system" src="/dam/direct-upload/smallImage/products/L1_AutochemProducts/automated-sampling-systems/easysampler-thumb-300x185.png/_jcr_content/renditions/cq5dam.web.1280.1280.png"/></a></div><div class="link_info"><h3 class="link_title"><a href="/sg/en/home/products/L1_AutochemProducts/automated-sampling-systems.html">Automated Sampling Systems</a></h3><div class="link_description"> Take reliable analytical samples inline, quench in situ, and dilute for reproducible analytical samples from almost any chemical reaction. </div></div></div><div class="link_block"><div class="link_image"><a href="/sg/en/home/products/L1_AutochemProducts/chemical-synthesis-reactor-systems.html"><img loading="lazy" alt="chemical synthesis reactor workstation" title="chemical synthesis reactor workstation" src="/dam/autochem/products/chemical-synthesis-reactors/chemical-synthesis-reactors.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/cq5dam.web.1280.1280.jpeg"/></a></div><div class="link_info"><h3 class="link_title"><a href="/sg/en/home/products/L1_AutochemProducts/chemical-synthesis-reactor-systems.html">Chemical Synthesis Reactors</a></h3><div class="link_description"> Increase productivity in your lab with chemical synthesis reactors featuring built-in automation tools. </div></div></div><div class="link_block"><div class="link_image"><a href="/sg/en/home/products/L1_AutochemProducts/ftir-and-raman-spectrometers.html"><img loading="lazy" alt="ftir and raman spectrometers" title="ftir and raman spectrometers" src="/dam/non-indexed/po/autochem/products/ftir-and-raman-spectrometers/ftir-raman-spectrometers-300x185v2.png/_jcr_content/renditions/cq5dam.web.1280.1280.png"/></a></div><div class="link_info"><h3 class="link_title"><a href="/sg/en/home/products/L1_AutochemProducts/ftir-and-raman-spectrometers.html">FTIR and Raman Spectrometers</a></h3><div class="link_description"> In-situ FTIR and Raman spectrometers enable real-time monitoring to provide critical information to optimize chemical compounds. </div></div></div><div class="link_block"><div class="link_image"><a href="/sg/en/home/products/L1_AutochemProducts/scale-up-systems.html"><img loading="lazy" alt="scale up systems chemical reaction modeling" title="scale up systems chemical reaction modeling" src="/dam/direct-upload/smallImage/products/L1_AutochemProducts/scale-up-systems/scaleup-thumb-300x185.png/_jcr_content/renditions/cq5dam.web.1280.1280.png"/></a></div><div class="link_info"><h3 class="link_title"><a href="/sg/en/home/products/L1_AutochemProducts/scale-up-systems.html">Scale‑up Suite</a></h3><div class="link_description"> The world’s leading process development and scale-up software for scientists and engineers. </div></div></div><div class="link_block"><div class="link_image"><a href="/sg/en/home/products/L1_AutochemProducts/reaction-calorimeters.html"><img loading="lazy" alt="reaction calorimeters" title="reaction calorimeters" src="/dam/direct-upload/smallImage/products/L1_AutochemProducts/reaction-calorimeters/reactioncalorimeter-thumbnail.png/_jcr_content/renditions/cq5dam.web.1280.1280.png"/></a></div><div class="link_info"><h3 class="link_title"><a href="/sg/en/home/products/L1_AutochemProducts/reaction-calorimeters.html">Reaction Calorimeters</a></h3><div class="link_description"> Reaction calorimeters measure the amount of energy released or absorbed by a chemical or physical reaction in chemical and pharmaceutical development. </div></div></div><div class="link_block"><div class="link_image"><a href="/sg/en/home/products/L1_AutochemProducts/particle-size-analyzers.html"><img loading="lazy" alt="in line particle size analyzers" title="in line particle size analyzers" src="/dam/direct-upload/thumbnails/products/L1_AutochemProducts/particle-size-analyzers/particle-size-analyzer-closeup-300x185.png/_jcr_content/renditions/cq5dam.web.1280.1280.png"/></a></div><div class="link_info"><h3 class="link_title"><a href="/sg/en/home/products/L1_AutochemProducts/particle-size-analyzers.html">Particle Size Analyzers</a></h3><div class="link_description"> Understand, optimize, and control particles and droplets in real time with in-situ particle size analyzers. </div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div id="p5tabs_unstick"></div></div></div></div></div><script type="text/javascript">if(window.location.href.indexOf("/zh/")>-1){$(function(){init_p5Tabs();});}else{$(window).load(function(){init_p5Tabs();});}function init_p5Tabs(){var PTabsFlat_applicationtabs=new PTabsFlat({isSticky:true,horizontalScroller:"ul",id:"applicationtabs",bodyClass:"p5tabs_singlePage"});PTabsFlat_applicationtabs.init();var $accessoriesElem=$(".productmodel .mt_ptab.accessories");var $consumablesElem=$(".productmodel .mt_ptab.consumables");var $softwareElem=$(".productmodel .mt_ptab.software");if($accessoriesElem.length>0||$consumablesElem.length>0||$softwareElem.length>0){PTabsFlat_applicationtabs.checkFlatTabs($accessoriesElem,$consumablesElem,$softwareElem);}}</script> </div></div><div id="content_matching"><div class="matchingblockpar parsys"><div class="matchingblocktable section"><div class="mb_row_wrap"></div></div></div></div></div><div class="clear_all"></div></div></div><link rel="stylesheet" href="/etc/designs/mt/widgets/misc/mtsitefooter.min-v54.css" type="text/css"><footer id="footer_layer" class="footerLayer applicationfamily2"><div class="top_meta_layer mobile_country_selection"></div><div class="clear"></div><div class="inheritedFooterParsys parsys"><link rel="stylesheet" href="/etc/designs/mt/widgets/misc/columncontrolbase.min-v54.css" type="text/css"><link rel="stylesheet" href="/etc/designs/mt/widgets/misc/columncontrolcolumns/column-5.min-v54.css" type="text/css"><link rel="stylesheet" href="/etc/designs/mt/widgets/misc/columncontrolpadding/padding-10.min-v54.css" type="text/css"><div class="parsys_column colCtrl5-0 colctrl_grd_x_grey_light colctrl_bkd_grey_dark colctrl_padding_10"><div class="parsys_column colCtrl5-0-c0"><div class="parsys_col_inner"><div class="text parbase section"><p><b>Products & Solutions</b></p><hr/><p><a href="/sg/en/home/products/Laboratory_Weighing_Solutions.html">Laboratory Balances</a></p><p><a href="/sg/en/home/products/Industrial_Weighing_Solutions.html">Industrial Scales</a></p><p><a href="/sg/en/home/products/retail-weighing-scales.html">Retail Weighing Scales</a></p><p><a href="/sg/en/home/products/pipettes.html">Rainin Pipettes and Tips</a></p><p><a href="/sg/en/home/products/Laboratory_Analytics_Browse.html">Analytical Instruments</a></p><p><a href="/sg/en/home/products/L1_AutochemProducts.html">Automated Reactors and In Situ Analysis</a></p><p><a href="/sg/en/home/products/Process-Analytics.html">Process Analytics</a></p><p><a href="/sg/en/home/products/Product-Inspection_1.html">Inline Product Inspection</a></p><p><a href="/sg/en/home/products/Transport_and_Logistics_Solutions.html">Transport and Logistics</a></p></div></div></div><div class="parsys_column colCtrl5-0-c1"><div class="parsys_col_inner"><div class="text parbase section"><p><b>Services & Support</b></p><hr/><p><a href="/sg/en/home/service.html">Service Offerings</a></p><p><a href="/sg/en/home/prodreg/register.html">Product Registration</a></p><p><a href="/sg/en/home/service/support-and-repair/support.html">Technical Support</a><br/><br/> </p></div></div></div><div class="parsys_column colCtrl5-0-c2"><div class="parsys_col_inner"><div class="text parbase section"><p><b>Events & Expertise</b></p><hr/><p><a href="/sg/en/home/library.html">Expertise Library</a></p><div style="margin-left: 10.0px;"><p><a href="/sg/en/home/library/whitepapers-and-literature.html">Literature: White Papers, Guides, Brochures</a></p><p><a href="/sg/en/home/library/technical-documentation.html">Technical Documentation</a></p><p><a href="/sg/en/home/library/on-demand-webinars.html">On Demand Webinars</a></p><p><a href="/sg/en/home/library/videos.html">Videos</a></p></div><p><a href="/sg/en/home/events.html">Live Events</a></p><div style="margin-left: 10.0px;"><p><a href="/sg/en/home/events/seminars.html">Seminars & Training</a></p><p><a href="/sg/en/home/events/fairs.html">Trade Shows & Exhibitions</a></p><p><a href="/sg/en/home/events/live-webinars.html">Live Webinars</a><br/><br/></p><p> </p></div></div></div></div><div class="parsys_column colCtrl5-0-c3"><div class="parsys_col_inner"><div class="text parbase section"><p><b>About Us</b></p><hr/><p><a href="https://jobs.mt.com/">Jobs & Careers</a><br/><br/> METTLER TOLEDO</p><div style="margin-left: 10.0px;"><p><a href="/sg/en/home/microsites/sustainability.html">Sustainability</a></p><p><a href="/sg/en/home/site_content/aboutus/business_description.html">Business Description</a></p><p><a href="/sg/en/home/site_content/aboutus/digitalization.html">Digitalization</a></p><p><a href="/sg/en/home/site_content/aboutus/about-us-global-presence.html">Global Presence</a></p><p><a href="/sg/en/home/site_content/aboutus/innovation.html">Innovation & Quality</a></p><p><a href="/sg/en/home/site_content/aboutus/management.html">Management</a><br/></p></div><p><a href="/sg/en/home/site_content/investors.html">Investor Relations</a></p><p><a href="/sg/en/home/newsroom.html">Newsroom</a><br/></p></div></div></div><div class="parsys_column colCtrl5-0-c4"><div class="parsys_col_inner"><div class="text parbase section"><p><b>Quick Links</b></p><hr/><p><a href="/sg/en/home/site_content/contact_us.html">Contact Us</a></p><p><a href="/sg/en/home/search/Advanced_Search.html">Search</a><br/></p><p><a href="/sg/en/home/search/library.tabs.custom3.html">Document Finder</a></p><p><a href="/sg/en/home/search/Advanced_Search.html">Product Finder</a></p><p><a href="/sg/en/home/service.html">Service Finder</a><br/> <br/><a href="/sg/en/home/search/library.tabs.custom2.html#805314468(3=true&page=1)">Videos</a></p><p> </p><p> </p></div></div></div></div><div style="clear:both"></div></div><div class="footer"><div id="bottom_meta_layer"><p> © METTLER TOLEDO. All rights reserved. </p><ul><li><button id="ot-sdk-btn" class="ot-style-as-link ot-sdk-show-settings">Cookie Management</button></li><li><span class="divider">|</span><a href="/sg/en/home/site_content/legal.html" style="padding-left:5px;">Legal, Terms, Privacy</a></li><li><span class="divider">|</span><a href="/sg/en/home/site_content/contact_us.html" style="padding-left:5px;">Contact us</a></li><li><span class="divider">|</span><a href="/sg/en/home/site_map.html" style="padding-left:5px;">Site Map</a></li><li><span class="divider">|</span><a href="/sg/en/home/site_content/aboutus/about-us-global-presence.html" style="padding-left:5px;">Global Presence</a></li></ul></div><div class="footerLayer__footerBottom"><div class="footerBottom__logo"><picture><source srcset="/etc/designs/mt/widgets/shared/css/images/static/mt-footer-pyramid-logo_mobile.png" media="(max-width: 480px)"/><img loading="lazy" alt="METTLER TOLEDO" src="/etc/designs/mt/widgets/shared/css/images/static/mt-footer-pyramid-logo.png" width="315" height="200"/></picture></div></div><script>function footerPopup(url,height,width){window.open(url,"","height="+height+",width="+width+",scrollbars=yes,menubar=no,resizable=yes,titlebar=no,status=no,toolbar=no,menubar=no,location=no");}</script> </div></footer><div class="post-test-result"></div><script src="/etc/designs/mt/widgets/cookies/esbu.min.js"></script> <script src="/etc/designs/mt/widgets/cookies/kenshooid.v2.min.js"></script> <script src="/etc/designs/mt/widgets/cookies/prodhistory.min.js"></script> </div><div class="modal form-modal default" style="display:none;" data-swiftype-index="false"><div class="modal-overlay"></div><div class="modal-wrapper modal-transition"><div class="modal-header"><div class="modal-header-text"><h2 class="modal-heading"><span class="modal-heading-text modal-heading-default">Request Quote or Info</span><span style="display:none;" class="modal-heading-text modal-heading-quote">Get a Quote</span><span style="display:none;" class="modal-heading-text modal-heading-instant-quote">Instant Quote</span><span style="display:none;" class="modal-heading-text modal-heading-solution-info">Solution Information</span><span style="display:none;" class="modal-heading-text modal-heading-edemo">Request a Demo</span><em class="modal-subhead"></em></h2></div><button class="modal-close" aria-label="Close Modal"></button></div><div class="status"><p></p></div><div class="modal-body"></div></div></div><script src="/etc/designs/mt/widgets.cl.mt-cmp-cart.ep-v54.js" loading='defer'></script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/etc/designs/mt/widgets.cl.mt-introtext.ep-v54.css" type="text/css"/><script src="/etc/designs/mt/widgets.cl.mt-cmp-matchingblock.ec-v54.js" loading='defer'></script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/etc/designs/mt/widgets.cl.mt-cmp-matchingblock.ec-v54.css" type="text/css"/><script>var mt_site_data={currentCountry:"sg",optincountries:"de,be,fi,ru,pt,bg,dk,lt,lu,hr,lv,fr,hu,br,se,sg,sk,sl,gb,ie,ca,ee,il,ch,mt,is,al,cn,gr,it,my,es,at,au,cy,cz,pl,ro,nl",is_author:false,click_map:{enabled:false},exact_target:{enabled:true,base_url:"click.s6.exacttarget.com"},eloqua:{enabled:true},baidu:{enabled:true},liveperson:{enabled:true},onetrust:{enabled:true},google_places:{key:"AIzaSyDzgXthd6XI1iJKHm0zGgcl9p9gLAjrdAU"}};window.addEventListener("load",function(){setTimeout(function(){var responsiveContent_2d70a5909bf84e92b5339a5371b64767=new RFC("#responsive-content-wrapper-2d70a590-9bf8-4e92-b533-9a5371b64767");responsiveContent_2d70a5909bf84e92b5339a5371b64767.adjustHeight();},500);});window.addEventListener("load",function(){setTimeout(function(){var responsiveContent_9cbc03a13a5d44ef97bc00f72ce69fb0=new RFC("#responsive-content-wrapper-9cbc03a1-3a5d-44ef-97bc-00f72ce69fb0");responsiveContent_9cbc03a13a5d44ef97bc00f72ce69fb0.adjustHeight();},500);});window.addEventListener("load",function(){setTimeout(function(){var responsiveContent_57ab8600b6ce414b94a0fa2e90b87caf=new RFC("#responsive-content-wrapper-57ab8600-b6ce-414b-94a0-fa2e90b87caf");responsiveContent_57ab8600b6ce414b94a0fa2e90b87caf.adjustHeight();},500);});window.addEventListener("load",function(){setTimeout(function(){var responsiveContent_89a6b1295fc84ceea504c69b7aa5be9d=new RFC("#responsive-content-wrapper-89a6b129-5fc8-4cee-a504-c69b7aa5be9d");responsiveContent_89a6b1295fc84ceea504c69b7aa5be9d.adjustHeight();},500);});window.addEventListener("load",function(){setTimeout(function(){var responsiveContent_b5a4f7fb8b8f456da26ef25769ea9660=new RFC("#responsive-content-wrapper-b5a4f7fb-8b8f-456d-a26e-f25769ea9660");responsiveContent_b5a4f7fb8b8f456da26ef25769ea9660.adjustHeight();},500);});window.addEventListener("load",function(){setTimeout(function(){var responsiveContent_48a33ac41cb14f96b67649ecbc5d536f=new RFC("#responsive-content-wrapper-48a33ac4-1cb1-4f96-b676-49ecbc5d536f");responsiveContent_48a33ac41cb14f96b67649ecbc5d536f.adjustHeight();},500);});window.addEventListener("load",function(){setTimeout(function(){var responsiveContent_bd748f86aa8e4ab1b4b73ef52e4427fe=new RFC("#responsive-content-wrapper-bd748f86-aa8e-4ab1-b4b7-3ef52e4427fe");responsiveContent_bd748f86aa8e4ab1b4b73ef52e4427fe.adjustHeight();},500);});window.addEventListener("load",function(){setTimeout(function(){var responsiveContent_713da94a1b7b4327be9c8adc62c1da4c=new RFC("#responsive-content-wrapper-713da94a-1b7b-4327-be9c-8adc62c1da4c");responsiveContent_713da94a1b7b4327be9c8adc62c1da4c.adjustHeight();},500);});window.addEventListener("load",function(){setTimeout(function(){var responsiveContent_22a2a4f7216a431087f845b79f58545e=new RFC("#responsive-content-wrapper-22a2a4f7-216a-4310-87f8-45b79f58545e");responsiveContent_22a2a4f7216a431087f845b79f58545e.adjustHeight();},500);});window.addEventListener("load",function(){setTimeout(function(){var responsiveContent_138d0bb84d044403b8241712eb67cc71=new RFC("#responsive-content-wrapper-138d0bb8-4d04-4403-b824-1712eb67cc71");responsiveContent_138d0bb84d044403b8241712eb67cc71.adjustHeight();},500);});window.addEventListener("load",function(){setTimeout(function(){var responsiveContent_519ad9b2853e4b61852bcbea8b5cca90=new RFC("#responsive-content-wrapper-519ad9b2-853e-4b61-852b-cbea8b5cca90");responsiveContent_519ad9b2853e4b61852bcbea8b5cca90.adjustHeight();},500);});window.addEventListener("load",function(){setTimeout(function(){var responsiveContent_1bbf1ea65e5742af8bd81e12cc7fc157=new RFC("#responsive-content-wrapper-1bbf1ea6-5e57-42af-8bd8-1e12cc7fc157");responsiveContent_1bbf1ea65e5742af8bd81e12cc7fc157.adjustHeight();},500);});window.addEventListener("load",function(){setTimeout(function(){var responsiveContent_8be7f633ca5449c19ab192b8c41a025e=new RFC("#responsive-content-wrapper-8be7f633-ca54-49c1-9ab1-92b8c41a025e");responsiveContent_8be7f633ca5449c19ab192b8c41a025e.adjustHeight();},500);});</script> <div id="popup_overlay"></div><div id="popup"></div><link rel="stylesheet" href="/etc/designs/mt/widgets/misc/mtsticky.min-v54.css" type="text/css"><div id="MT_sticky_layer"><div class="top"></div><div class="bottom"></div></div><script>var mt_page_data=mt_page_data||{};mt_page_data.events="";mt_page_data.pageName="/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis";mt_page_data.languageCode="en";mt_page_data.isLoggedin="anonymous";mt_page_data.businessOwner="AUTOCHEM-RA";mt_page_data.rootBusinessOwner="AUTOCHEM";mt_page_data.contentCategorization="applicationfamily2";mt_page_data.commerceEventCountry="SG";mt_page_data.leadProductType="Instrument";mt_page_data.tagIWAPProducts="L1_AutochemProducts/L2_in-situSpectrocopy,L1_AutochemProducts/Level_2_ALR_Calorimeters_RC1_LabMax/Automated_Lab_Reactors-LabMax-Multi,L1_AutochemProducts/Level_2_ALR_Calorimeters_RC1_LabMax/Calorimeters-RC1-MultiMax/Reaction_Calorimeters_MultiMax,L1_AutochemProducts/Level_2_ALR_Calorimeters_RC1_LabMax/Calorimeters-RC1-MultiMax/Reaction_Calorimeters_RC1e,L1_AutochemProducts/Level_2_ALR_Calorimeters_RC1_LabMax/EasyMax-Synthesis-Organic-Chemistry";mt_page_data.tagIWAPIndustries="level_1_chemical/level_1_chem_polymers,level_1_pharma/level_2_pharma_biotech,level_1_pharma/level_2_pharma_cosmetics,level_1_pharma/level_2_pharma_foodadditives,level_1_pharma/level_2_pharma_pharma";mt_page_data.tagIWAPWorkplaces="level_1_engineering,level_1_res_dev_drugdicovery";mt_page_data.tagTopics="";mt_page_data.tagAudience="";mt_page_data["tagIWAP-i-codes"]="I0105,I0202,I0203,I0204,I0201";mt_page_data["tagIWAP-w-codes"]="W02,W01";mt_page_data["tagIWAP-a-codes"]="A0301";mt_page_data["tagIWAP-p-codes"]="P0302,P030104,P03010104,P03010102,P030102";mt_page_data.currency="SGD";</script> <div id="LP_Tag_Container" data-productfamilylevel="2" data-productfamilyname="/applications/L1_AutoChem_Applications/L2_ReactionAnalysis"></div><script>(function(){var data={"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"BreadcrumbList",itemListElement:[]};var currentUrl=window.location.href;var pathStartIndex=currentUrl.indexOf("home");var currentPath=currentUrl.substr(pathStartIndex,currentUrl.length);var pathList=currentPath.split("/");var baseUrl=currentUrl.substr(0,pathStartIndex);var index=1;var breadcrumbUrl=baseUrl;pathList.forEach(function(element){breadcrumbUrl=breadcrumbUrl+element.replace(".html","");var googleFormattedElementList=element.split("_");var googleFormattedElement=googleFormattedElementList.join(" ");var breacdrumbName=googleFormattedElement.charAt(0).toUpperCase()+googleFormattedElement.slice(1);var breadcrumb={"@type":"ListItem",position:index,item:{"@id":breadcrumbUrl+".html",name:breacdrumbName.replace(".html","")}};data.itemListElement.push(breadcrumb);breadcrumbUrl=breadcrumbUrl+"/";index=index+1;});var script=document.createElement("script");script.type="application/ld+json";script.innerHTML=JSON.stringify(data);document.body.appendChild(script);})(document);</script> <script src="//assets.adobedtm.com/fe1329cd99402871cb9d0ea6e5c03454e9a9ad1f/satelliteLib-177ebe3a0a33e5e514fcdd988fe563ff58703e89.js" data-ot-ignore></script> <script defer src="/etc/designs/mt/widgets/misc/mtmainnavigation.min-v54.js"></script> <script defer src="/etc/designs/mt/widgets/misc/datastore.min-v54.js"></script> <script defer src="/etc/designs/mt/widgets/misc/mtsitefooter.min-v54.js"></script> </body></html>