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Pozivamo vas da joj se priključite.\u003C/td\u003E\u003C/tr\u003E\u003C/tbody\u003E\u003C/table\u003E\n\u003Clink rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r42423318\" /\u003E\u003Ctable class=\"plainlinks fmbox fmbox-system\" role=\"presentation\" style=\"border:1px solid #008100; width:100%; background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)\"\u003E\u003Ctbody\u003E\u003Ctr\u003E\u003Ctd class=\"mbox-image\"\u003E\u003Cspan class=\"mw-default-size\" typeof=\"mw:File/Frameless\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"/wiki/Datoteka:Flag_of_the_Romani_people.svg\" class=\"mw-file-description\"\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_the_Romani_people.svg/60px-Flag_of_the_Romani_people.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"60\" height=\"40\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_the_Romani_people.svg/120px-Flag_of_the_Romani_people.svg.png 1.5x\" data-file-width=\"900\" data-file-height=\"600\" /\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/td\u003E\u003Ctd class=\"mbox-text\"\u003EUskoro počinje \u003Ca href=\"/wiki/Wikipedija:Ure%C4%91iva%C4%8Dki_maraton_povodom_Me%C4%91unarodnog_dana_Roma_2025.\" title=\"Wikipedija:Uređivački maraton povodom Međunarodnog dana Roma 2025.\"\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"color:#008100;\"\u003EUređivački maraton povodom Međunarodnog dana Roma\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/a\u003E.\u003C/td\u003E\u003C/tr\u003E\u003C/tbody\u003E\u003C/table\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E";}}());</script></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Sajt"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Sadržaj" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Sadržaj</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">premjesti na bočnu traku</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">sakrij</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Početak</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Biografija" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Biografija"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Biografija</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Biografija-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Uključi/isključi podsekciju Biografija</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Biografija-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Mladost" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mladost"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Mladost</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mladost-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Život_u_egzilu" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Život_u_egzilu"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Život u egzilu</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Život_u_egzilu-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-"Zaokret_iz_Salerna"_i_atentat_na_njega" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#"Zaokret_iz_Salerna"_i_atentat_na_njega"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>"Zaokret iz Salerna" i atentat na njega</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-"Zaokret_iz_Salerna"_i_atentat_na_njega-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1950te_i_1960te_godine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1950te_i_1960te_godine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>1950te i 1960te godine</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1950te_i_1960te_godine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Smrt_i_ostavšina" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Smrt_i_ostavšina"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Smrt i ostavšina</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Smrt_i_ostavšina-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kritike_nakon_smrti" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kritike_nakon_smrti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>Kritike nakon smrti</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kritike_nakon_smrti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Napomene" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Napomene"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Napomene</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Napomene-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliografija" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografija"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Bibliografija</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliografija-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sadržaj" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Sadržaj" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Prikaži/sakrij sadržaj" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Prikaži/sakrij sadržaj</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Palmiro Togliatti</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Prijedi na druge jezične varijante članka. Dostupno je na 43 jezika" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-43" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">43 jezika</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%88_%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%8A" title="بالميرو تولياتي — Arapski" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بالميرو تولياتي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arapski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%88_%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%89" title="بالميرو تولياتى — Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="بالميرو تولياتى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%8F%D1%86%D1%96" title="Пальміра Тальяці — Beloruski" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Пальміра Тальяці" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Beloruski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE_%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Палмиро Толяти — Bugarski" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Палмиро Толяти" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bugarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palmiro_Togliatti" title="Palmiro Togliatti — Katalonski" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Palmiro Togliatti" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%B1%DB%86_%D8%AA%DB%86%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%8C" title="پالمیرۆ تۆلیاتی — centralnokurdski" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="پالمیرۆ تۆلیاتی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="centralnokurdski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palmiro_Togliatti" title="Palmiro Togliatti — Češki" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Palmiro Togliatti" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Češki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palmiro_Togliatti" title="Palmiro Togliatti — Danski" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Palmiro Togliatti" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palmiro_Togliatti" title="Palmiro Togliatti — Nemački" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Palmiro Togliatti" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Nemački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%BC%CE%AF%CF%81%CE%BF_%CE%A4%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%AC%CF%84%CE%B9" title="Παλμίρο Τολιάτι — Grčki" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Παλμίρο Τολιάτι" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Grčki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palmiro_Togliatti" title="Palmiro Togliatti — Engleski" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Palmiro Togliatti" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engleski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palmiro_Togliatti" title="Palmiro Togliatti — Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Palmiro Togliatti" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palmiro_Togliatti" title="Palmiro Togliatti — Španski" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Palmiro Togliatti" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Španski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palmiro_Togliatti" title="Palmiro Togliatti — Estonski" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Palmiro Togliatti" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palmiro_Togliatti" title="Palmiro Togliatti — Baskijski" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Palmiro Togliatti" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%88_%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%8C" title="پالمیرو تولیاتی — Persijski" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پالمیرو تولیاتی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palmiro_Togliatti" title="Palmiro Togliatti — Finski" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Palmiro Togliatti" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palmiro_Togliatti" title="Palmiro Togliatti — Francuski" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Palmiro Togliatti" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Francuski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%9C%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%95_%D7%98%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%90%D7%98%D7%99" title="פלמירו טוליאטי — Hebrejski" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פלמירו טוליאטי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrejski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palmiro_Togliatti" title="Palmiro Togliatti — Mađarski" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Palmiro Togliatti" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Mađarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8A%D5%A1%D5%AC%D5%B4%D5%AB%D6%80%D5%B8_%D5%8F%D5%B8%D5%AC%D5%B5%D5%A1%D5%BF%D5%AB" title="Պալմիրո Տոլյատի — Jermenski" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Պալմիրո Տոլյատի" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Jermenski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palmiro_Togliatti" title="Palmiro Togliatti — Indonezijski" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Palmiro Togliatti" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonezijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palmiro_Togliatti" title="Palmiro Togliatti — Islandski" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Palmiro Togliatti" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Islandski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palmiro_Togliatti" title="Palmiro Togliatti — Italijanski" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Palmiro Togliatti" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italijanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%91%E3%83%AB%E3%83%9F%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AD%E3%83%BB%E3%83%88%E3%83%AA%E3%82%A2%E3%83%83%E3%83%86%E3%82%A3" title="パルミーロ・トリアッティ — Japanski" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="パルミーロ・トリアッティ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%8C%94%EB%AF%B8%EB%A1%9C_%ED%86%A8%EB%A6%AC%EC%95%84%ED%8B%B0" title="팔미로 톨리아티 — Korejski" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="팔미로 톨리아티" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korejski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palmiro_Togliatti" title="Palmiro Togliatti — Malajski" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Palmiro Togliatti" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malajski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palmiro_Togliatti" title="Palmiro Togliatti — Holandski" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Palmiro Togliatti" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Holandski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palmiro_Togliatti" title="Palmiro Togliatti — Norveški bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Palmiro Togliatti" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norveški bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AA%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%8B_%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%80" title="ਪਾਮੀਰੋ ਤੋਗਲਿਆਤੀ — Pandžabski" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਪਾਮੀਰੋ ਤੋਗਲਿਆਤੀ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Pandžabski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palmiro_Togliatti" title="Palmiro Togliatti — Poljski" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Palmiro Togliatti" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Poljski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palmiro_Togliatti" title="Palmiro Togliatti — Portugalski" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Palmiro Togliatti" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palmiro_Togliatti" title="Palmiro Togliatti — Rumunski" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Palmiro Togliatti" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rumunski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%8F%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B8,_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE" title="Тольятти, Пальмиро — Ruski" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Тольятти, Пальмиро" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Ruski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palmiro_Togliatti" title="Palmiro Togliatti — Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Palmiro Togliatti" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palmiro_Togliatti" title="Palmiro Togliatti — Slovenački" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Palmiro Togliatti" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE_%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%99%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Палмиро Тољати — Srpski" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Палмиро Тољати" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Srpski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palmiro_Togliatti" title="Palmiro Togliatti — Švedski" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Palmiro Togliatti" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Švedski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palmiro_Togliatti" title="Palmiro Togliatti — Tagalski" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Palmiro Togliatti" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palmiro_Togliatti" title="Palmiro Togliatti — Turski" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Palmiro Togliatti" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%80%D0%BE_%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%8F%D1%82%D1%82%D1%96" title="Пальміро Тольятті — Ukrajinski" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Пальміро Тольятті" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrajinski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palmiro_Togliatti" title="Palmiro Togliatti — Vijetnamski" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Palmiro Togliatti" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vijetnamski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B8%95%E5%B0%94%E7%B1%B3%E7%BD%97%C2%B7%E9%99%B6%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%9A%E8%92%82" title="帕尔米罗·陶里亚蒂 — Kineski" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="帕尔米罗·陶里亚蒂" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q310158#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Uredite jezičke veze" class="wbc-editpage">Uredi veze</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Imenski prostori"> <div 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data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Alati</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">premjesti na bočnu traku</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">sakrij</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Više mogućnosti" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Radnje </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a 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href="/wiki/Posebno:%C5%A0to_vodi_ovdje/Palmiro_Togliatti" title="Pogledajte listu svih stranica koje vode ovamo [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Šta vodi ovamo</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Posebno:Povezane_izmjene/Palmiro_Togliatti" rel="nofollow" title="Prelistajte nedavne izmjene stranica koje su povezane s ovom [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Povezane izmjene</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palmiro_Togliatti&oldid=42387713" title="Nabavite trajnu vezu do ove verzije stranice"><span>Trajna veza</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palmiro_Togliatti&action=info" title="Pronađite više informacija o ovoj stranici"><span>Podaci o stranici</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:Citiraj&page=Palmiro_Togliatti&id=42387713&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Saznajte kako da citirate ovu stranicu"><span>Citiraj 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.wikitable.plainrowheaders th[scope=rowgroup]{font-weight:normal;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .wikitable td ul,.mw-parser-output .wikitable td ol,.mw-parser-output .wikitable td dl{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output table.mw-hiero-table td{vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .infobox .entete{height:45px;vertical-align:middle}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard" style="width:22em"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><span class="fn">Palmiro Togliatti</span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-S99208,_Berlin,_III._SED-Parteitag.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-S99208%2C_Berlin%2C_III._SED-Parteitag.jpg/250px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-S99208%2C_Berlin%2C_III._SED-Parteitag.jpg" decoding="async" width="148" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-S99208%2C_Berlin%2C_III._SED-Parteitag.jpg/330px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-S99208%2C_Berlin%2C_III._SED-Parteitag.jpg 2x" data-file-width="504" data-file-height="746" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Palmiro Togliatti za govornicom</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Rođenje</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/26._mart" class="mw-redirect" title="26. mart">26. mart</a> <a href="/wiki/1893" class="mw-redirect" title="1893">1893</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Genova" title="Genova">Genova</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kraljevina_Italija" title="Kraljevina Italija">Kraljevina Italija</a><br /></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Smrt</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/21._august" class="mw-redirect" title="21. august">21. august</a> <a href="/wiki/1964" class="mw-redirect" title="1964">1964</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Jalta" title="Jalta">Jalta</a>, <a href="/wiki/SSSR" class="mw-redirect" title="SSSR">SSSR</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Nacionalnost</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Talijani" class="mw-redirect" title="Talijani">talijan</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Zanimanje</th><td class="infobox-data role"><a href="/wiki/Politika" title="Politika">političar</a>, talijanski ministar pravosuđa</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Palmiro Togliatti</b> (<a href="/wiki/Genova" title="Genova">Genova</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kraljevina_Italija" title="Kraljevina Italija">Kraljevina Italija</a>, <a href="/wiki/26._mart" class="mw-redirect" title="26. mart">26. mart</a> <a href="/wiki/1893" class="mw-redirect" title="1893">1893</a>. — <a href="/wiki/Jalta" title="Jalta">Jalta</a>, <a href="/wiki/SSSR" class="mw-redirect" title="SSSR">SSSR</a>, <a href="/wiki/21._august" class="mw-redirect" title="21. august">21. august</a> <a href="/wiki/1964" class="mw-redirect" title="1964">1964</a>) bio je <a href="/wiki/Talijani" class="mw-redirect" title="Talijani">talijanski</a> <a href="/wiki/Politika" title="Politika">političar</a> jedan od legendarnih vođa <a href="/wiki/Komunisti%C4%8Dka_partija_Italije" title="Komunistička partija Italije">Komunističke partije Italije</a> od <a href="/wiki/1927" class="mw-redirect" title="1927">1927</a> do svoje smrti <a href="/wiki/1964" class="mw-redirect" title="1964">1964</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biografija">Biografija</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palmiro_Togliatti&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Uredi odjeljak Biografija" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palmiro_Togliatti&action=edit&section=1" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Biografija"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mladost">Mladost</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palmiro_Togliatti&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Uredi odjeljak Mladost" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palmiro_Togliatti&action=edit&section=2" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Mladost"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Togliatti je rođen u obitelji srednje klase iz <a href="/wiki/Genova" title="Genova">Genove</a>, već u ranoj mladosti (<a href="/wiki/1914" class="mw-redirect" title="1914">1914</a>) postao je član <a href="/w/index.php?title=Talijanska_socijalisti%C4%8Dka_partija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Talijanska socijalistička partija (stranica ne postoji)">Talijanske socijalističke partije</a>. Studirao je pravo koje je završio u novembru <a href="/wiki/1915" class="mw-redirect" title="1915">1915</a>. Kad je Italija ušla u <a href="/wiki/Prvi_svjetski_rat" title="Prvi svjetski rat">Prvi svjetski rat</a> prijavio se kao dobrovoljac u crveni križ i otišao na front, ali je zbog oboljenja na plućima poslat na oporavak kući. Nakon toga se pred kraj rata pridružio <a href="/wiki/Marksizam" title="Marksizam">marksističkoj</a> grupi iz <a href="/wiki/Torino" title="Torino">Torina</a> okupljenoj oko <a href="/wiki/Antonio_Gramsci" title="Antonio Gramsci">Antonija Gramscija</a> i časopisa <i>L'Ordine Nuovo</i> , u kojem je radio kao mentor i tutor mlađim suradnicima. Togliatti je bio jedan od utemeljitelja <a href="/wiki/Komunisti%C4%8Dka_partija_Italije" title="Komunistička partija Italije">Komunističke partije Italije</a> (kasnije <a href="/wiki/Talijanska_komunisti%C4%8Dka_partija" class="mw-redirect" title="Talijanska komunistička partija">Talijanske komunističke partije PCI</a>). Nakon što je <a href="/wiki/Fa%C5%A1izam" title="Fašizam">fašistički</a> režim <a href="/wiki/Benito_Mussolini" title="Benito Mussolini">Benita Mussolinija</a> zatvorio njihova tadašnjeg lidera <a href="/wiki/Antonio_Gramsci" title="Antonio Gramsci">Gramscija</a> partijsko vodstvo preuzeo je Palmiro Togliatti, koji je ostao lider talijanskih komunista sve do svoje smrti, on je bio i direktor partijskog lista <i>Il Comunista</i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Život_u_egzilu"><span id=".C5.BDivot_u_egzilu"></span>Život u egzilu</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palmiro_Togliatti&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Uredi odjeljak Život u egzilu" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palmiro_Togliatti&action=edit&section=3" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Život u egzilu"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kad je rad komunističke partije zabranjen <a href="/wiki/1926" class="mw-redirect" title="1926">1926</a>, Togliatti je bio jedan od rijetkih komunističkih lidera koji nije bio uhapšen jer je u to vrijeme bio na zasjedanju <a href="/wiki/Kominterna" title="Kominterna">Kominterne</a> u <a href="/wiki/Moskva" title="Moskva">Moskvi</a>. Togliatti je nastavio upravljati partijom iz egzila, - tako je krajem 1920-ih i 1930-ih, organizirao tajne kongrese Komunističke partije Italije u <a href="/wiki/Lyon" title="Lyon">Lyonu</a> (<a href="/wiki/1926" class="mw-redirect" title="1926">1926</a>) i <a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ln" title="Köln">Kölnu</a> (<a href="/wiki/1931" class="mw-redirect" title="1931">1931</a>). Od <a href="/wiki/1927" class="mw-redirect" title="1927">1927</a> postao je <a href="/w/index.php?title=Generalni_sekretar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Generalni sekretar (stranica ne postoji)">Generalni sekretar</a> partije. </p><p>Od <a href="/wiki/1935" class="mw-redirect" title="1935">1935</a> je član sekretarijata <a href="/wiki/Kominterna" title="Kominterna">Kominterne</a>, u kojem djeluje pod <i><a href="/wiki/Pseudonim" title="Pseudonim">pseudonimom</a></i> <i>Ercole Ercoli</i>. Za vrijeme, <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0panjolski_gra%C4%91anski_rat" class="mw-redirect" title="Španjolski građanski rat">Španjolskog građanskog rata</a> - <a href="/wiki/1937" class="mw-redirect" title="1937">1937</a>, posvetio se uklanjanju <a href="/wiki/Anarhizam" title="Anarhizam">anarhista</a> i <a href="/wiki/Lav_Trocki" title="Lav Trocki">trockista</a> iz rukovodstva <a href="/wiki/Katalonija" title="Katalonija">katalonskih</a> komunista (navodno po direktivi <a href="/wiki/Josif_Staljin" title="Josif Staljin">Josifa Staljina</a>). Po povratku iz rata uhapšen je <a href="/wiki/1939" class="mw-redirect" title="1939">1939</a> u <a href="/wiki/Francuska" title="Francuska">Francuskoj</a> ali je ubrzo pušten, nakon toga sklonio se u <a href="/wiki/Sovjetski_savez" class="mw-redirect" title="Sovjetski savez">Sovjetski savez</a> u kojem je za <a href="/wiki/Drugi_svjetski_rat" title="Drugi svjetski rat">Drugog svjetskog rata</a>, radio kao radio reporter za Italiju, pozivajući Talijane na otpor <a href="/wiki/Tre%C4%87i_rajh" class="mw-redirect" title="Treći rajh">Trećem rajhu</a> i <a href="/wiki/Talijanska_Socijalna_Republika" class="mw-redirect" title="Talijanska Socijalna Republika">Talijanskoj Socijalnoj Republici</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id=""Zaokret_iz_Salerna"_i_atentat_na_njega"><span id=".22Zaokret_iz_Salerna.22_i_atentat_na_njega"></span>"Zaokret iz Salerna" i atentat na njega</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palmiro_Togliatti&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Uredi odjeljak "Zaokret iz Salerna" i atentat na njega" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palmiro_Togliatti&action=edit&section=4" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka "Zaokret iz Salerna" i atentat na njega"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>U Italiju se vratio <a href="/wiki/1944" class="mw-redirect" title="1944">1944</a>, pod njegovim rukovođenjem PCI se odlučio za tadašnji povijesni - <i>zaokret iz Salerna</i>, - koji je značio da se i talijanski komunisti pridružuju <a href="/wiki/Demokracija" class="mw-redirect" title="Demokracija">demokratskoj proceduri</a> u formiranju nove <a href="/wiki/Italija" title="Italija">Republike Italije</a>, i odbacuju oružanu borbu kao sredstvo za pobjedu socijalizma. Unatoč mnogim protestima iz vlastitih redova, - da time partije skreće udesno i da se moraju razoružati i mnogi partizani iz redova talijanskih komunista koji su bili pripadnici - Garibaldijevih brigada. Poslije toga Togliatti je izabran za <a href="/wiki/Ministar" title="Ministar">ministra</a> pravosuđa - što je i bio u jednom vrlo kratkom periodu. </p><p>Nakon toga bio je ministar bez portfelja u vladi generala <a href="/wiki/Pietro_Badoglio" title="Pietro Badoglio">Pietra Badoglia</a>, te nakon toga čak i podpredsjednik u vladi <a href="/wiki/Alcide_De_Gasperi" title="Alcide De Gasperi">De Gasperija</a> <a href="/wiki/1945" class="mw-redirect" title="1945">1945</a>. Tada je unatoč protivljenju velikog dijela vlastitog članstva glasao da Lateranski ugovor postane dio talijanskog ustava. Na talijanskim općim izborima <a href="/wiki/1946" class="mw-redirect" title="1946">1946</a>, njegovi komunisti (PCI) dobili su 19% glasova i 104 poslanička mjesta u parlamentu. </p><p>Komunistički ministri su istjerani iz vlade za vrijeme <i>majske krize iz <a href="/wiki/1947" class="mw-redirect" title="1947">1947</a></i> (Demokršćanima je naglo padala popularnost). Istog mjeseca desilo se to isto i u Francuskoj gdje je dotadašnji član tripartitne koalicije (<i>Tripartisme</i>), komunistički vođa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Maurice_Thorez&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maurice Thorez (stranica ne postoji)">Maurice Thorez</a>, istjeran iz koalicione vlade Paula Ramadiera zajedno sa četvoro ostalih komunističkih ministara. Francuski komunisti (PCF) u to poslijeratno vrijeme bili su neobično snažni, na izborima održanim novembru <a href="/wiki/1946" class="mw-redirect" title="1946">1946</a> osvojili su 28.6% i bez njih je bilo nemoguće sastviti vladu, - zato su i uzeti u tripartitnu koaliciju. </p><p>Togliatti je vodio talijanske komuniste (ali i ostalu ljevicu) na prvim slobodnim <a href="/wiki/Parlament" title="Parlament">parlamentarnim</a> izborima nakon <a href="/wiki/Drugi_svjetski_rat" title="Drugi svjetski rat">Drugog svjetskog rata</a> u Italiji <a href="/wiki/1948" class="mw-redirect" title="1948">1948</a>, koji su po mnogočemu bili sudbonosni za Italiju - i odredili njenu sudbinu za više slijedećih decenija.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> U vrlo tijesnoj i neizvjesnoj borbi, izgubio je od <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kr%C5%A1%C4%87anska_Demokracija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kršćanska Demokracija (stranica ne postoji)">Kršćanskih demokrata (Democrazia Cristiana -DC)</a>. Iza Kršćanskih demokrata stajale su <a href="/wiki/SAD" class="mw-redirect" title="SAD">Sjedinjene Američke Države</a>, koje su ih pomagale na bezbroj načina dok su Togliattija u pravom <a href="/wiki/Hladni_rat" title="Hladni rat">hladnoratovskom</a> maniru prikazivali kao neprijatelja.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> U tim izborima imala je veliku tajnu ulogu i tek osnovana <a href="/wiki/CIA" title="CIA">CIA</a>. Koalicija lijevih stranaka, - Narodni demokratski front (Fronte Democratico Popolare per la libertà, la pace, il lavoro), komunisti i socijalisti uspjeli su dobiti 31% glasova, pobijedili su Demokršćani sa 48.5% glasova. Taj odnos se u Italiji nije mijenjao sve do <a href="/wiki/1996" class="mw-redirect" title="1996">1996</a>, iako je ljevica na lokalnim izborima pobjeđivala u brojnim pokrajinama i gradovima. Jedini značajni iskorak iz tog začaranog kruga zbio se <a href="/wiki/1978" class="mw-redirect" title="1978">1978</a> kada su komunisti vođeni - <a href="/w/index.php?title=Enrico_Berlinguer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Enrico Berlinguer (stranica ne postoji)">Enricom Berlinguerom</a> pristali na historijski kompromis i htjeli ući u vladu, ali to je spriječeno ubistvom <a href="/wiki/Aldo_Moro" title="Aldo Moro">Alda Mora</a> iste godine. </p><p>Na Togliattija je izvršen <a href="/wiki/Atentat" title="Atentat">atentat</a> <a href="/wiki/14._jul" class="mw-redirect" title="14. jul">14. jula</a> <a href="/wiki/1948" class="mw-redirect" title="1948">1948</a>, on je pogođen tri puta iz neposredne blizine pištoljem<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, dok se zajedno sa stranačkim kolegom Nilde Iottijem penjao u talijanski parlament na Montecitoriju. Teške rane koje je zadobio od posljedica ranjavanja, - dovele su do toga da mu je život par dana visio o koncu. To je diglo cijelu talijansku ljevicu na noge, - najveći talijanski sindikat Generalna konfederacija rada (CGIL) organizarala je generalni štrajk koji je potpuno paralizirao zemlju i doveo Italiju u tešku političku krizu.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1950te_i_1960te_godine">1950te i 1960te godine</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palmiro_Togliatti&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Uredi odjeljak 1950te i 1960te godine" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palmiro_Togliatti&action=edit&section=5" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka 1950te i 1960te godine"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:The_Soviet_Union_1964_CPA_3099_stamp_(Commemoration_of_Palmiro_Togliatti_(1893-1964),_Italian_politician_and_leader_of_the_Italian_Communist_Party._Portrait).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/The_Soviet_Union_1964_CPA_3099_stamp_%28Commemoration_of_Palmiro_Togliatti_%281893-1964%29%2C_Italian_politician_and_leader_of_the_Italian_Communist_Party._Portrait%29.jpg/180px-thumbnail.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="252" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/The_Soviet_Union_1964_CPA_3099_stamp_%28Commemoration_of_Palmiro_Togliatti_%281893-1964%29%2C_Italian_politician_and_leader_of_the_Italian_Communist_Party._Portrait%29.jpg/270px-thumbnail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/The_Soviet_Union_1964_CPA_3099_stamp_%28Commemoration_of_Palmiro_Togliatti_%281893-1964%29%2C_Italian_politician_and_leader_of_the_Italian_Communist_Party._Portrait%29.jpg/360px-thumbnail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="637" data-file-height="891" /></a><figcaption>Portret Palmira Togliattija na sovjetskoj marci</figcaption></figure> <p>Nakon toga Palmiro je nastavio voditi talijanske komuniste (PCI), koji su pod njegovim vodstvom postali druga talijanska partija po snazi, i najsnažnija komunistička partija koja nije bila na vlasti u cijeloj <a href="/wiki/Evropa" title="Evropa">Evropi</a>. Iako je dakle stalno bila u opoziciji na nacionalnoj razini, Talijanska komunistička partija je za Togliattijevog života, preuzela i imala vlast na lokalnoj i regionalnoj razini u mnogim dijelovima Italije - i bila moćni politički faktor. </p><p>Togliatti je od <a href="/wiki/1953" class="mw-redirect" title="1953">1953</a>, pokrenuo je kampanju za promjenu izbornog zakona, - kojeg je nazvao <b>zakonom obmane i prijevare</b>, jer se talijanska politička scena - nakon prvih izbora zacementirala, stalno mijenjanje izbornih pravila trebalo je po njemu omogućiti Kršćanskoj demokraciji da zadrži parlamentarnu većinu i vlast. Na kraju se izborni zakon pokazao kao nebitan za Kršćanske demokrate, - jer su komunisti (PCI) te godine na izborima dobili samo 22,6% glasova, te su Demokršćani ukinuli tadašnji izborni zakon, u novembru <a href="/wiki/1953" class="mw-redirect" title="1953">1953</a>. </p><p>Unatoč njegovim navodno vrlo bliskim odnosima sa liderima <a href="/wiki/SSSR" class="mw-redirect" title="SSSR">SSSR</a>, Togliattijev ugled kao vođe talijanskih komunista ostao je neokrnjen i nakon <a href="/wiki/Historija_Ma%C4%91arske#Revolucija_1956._i_„gulaš_komunizam“" title="Historija Mađarske">Mađarske revolucije iz 1956</a> i kasnije sovjetske intervencije. Iako je ta intervencija izazvala velike potrese unutar lijevih partija. </p><p>On je i nakon tih događaja razvijao svoju policentričnu teoriju razvoja komunističkih partija - <b>jedinstvo u različitosti</b>, tako da su talijanski komunisti nastavili rasti po popularnosti, - na izborima <a href="/wiki/1963" class="mw-redirect" title="1963">1963</a> dobili su čak 25.2%, no i to im nije bilo dovoljno za pobjedu na nacionalnoj razini. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Smrt_i_ostavšina"><span id="Smrt_i_ostav.C5.A1ina"></span>Smrt i ostavšina</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palmiro_Togliatti&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Uredi odjeljak Smrt i ostavšina" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palmiro_Togliatti&action=edit&section=6" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Smrt i ostavšina"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Togliatti je umro od izljeva krvi u mozak za vrijeme boravka na <a href="/wiki/Jalta" title="Jalta">Jalti</a>, on je došao u posjet <a href="/wiki/SSSR" class="mw-redirect" title="SSSR">SSSRu</a> podržati izbor <a href="/wiki/Leonid_Bre%C5%BEnjev" title="Leonid Brežnjev">Leonida Brežnjeva</a> za generalnog sekretara <a href="/w/index.php?title=Komunisti%C4%8Dka_partija_SSSR-a&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Komunistička partija SSSR-a (stranica ne postoji)">Komunističke partije SSSR-a</a> nakon ostavke dotadašnjeg sekretara <a href="/wiki/Nikita_Hru%C5%A1%C4%8Dov" title="Nikita Hruščov">Nikite Hruščova</a> zajedno sa stranačkim kolegom Nilde Iottijem. Nakon smrti na poziciji generalnog sekretara talijanskih komunista naslijedio ga je njegov miljenik <a href="/w/index.php?title=Enrico_Berlinguer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Enrico Berlinguer (stranica ne postoji)">Enrico Berlinguer</a>, koji je kasnije odbacio puno toga od Togliattijeve političke ostavštine i ideologije. </p><p>Sovjeti su po njegovu imenu prezvali dotadašnji grad Stavropolj na Volgi u <a href="/wiki/Toljati" title="Toljati">Toljati (Тольятти)</a> u kojem je bilo sjedište poduzeća AutoVAZ koje je proizvodilo automobile <a href="/wiki/Lada_Samara" title="Lada Samara">Lada</a> u koperaciji sa talijanskim <a href="/wiki/Fiat" title="Fiat">Fiatom</a>. Do rata u BiH '92-'95 jedna sarajevska ulica je nosila ime Palmira Toljatija. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kritike_nakon_smrti">Kritike nakon smrti</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palmiro_Togliatti&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Uredi odjeljak Kritike nakon smrti" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palmiro_Togliatti&action=edit&section=7" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Kritike nakon smrti"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Togliattija su nakon smrti kritizirali brojni talijanski historičari, posebno zbog njegove uloge u <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0panjolski_gra%C4%91anski_rat" class="mw-redirect" title="Španjolski građanski rat">Španjolskom građanskom ratu</a> i uloge za <a href="/wiki/Drugi_svjetski_rat" title="Drugi svjetski rat">Drugog svjetskog rata</a>. Po njima je Togliatti dozvolio <a href="/wiki/Josif_Staljin" title="Josif Staljin">Josifu Staljinu</a> da između <a href="/wiki/1942" class="mw-redirect" title="1942">1942</a>-<a href="/wiki/1943" class="mw-redirect" title="1943">1943</a> smakne brojne talijanske političare koji su tada živjeli u <a href="/wiki/SSSR" class="mw-redirect" title="SSSR">SSSRu</a>, kao i brojne <a href="/wiki/Rat" title="Rat">ratne</a> zarobljenike, za što su pronašli dokaze u tajnim arhivima po <a href="/wiki/Moskva" title="Moskva">Moskvi</a> i nekim pismima koje je Palmiro slao Vincenzu Biancu u Italiju.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Drugi značajan razlog njegovi moderni kritičari pronašli su u Togliattijevoj bezgraničnoj podršci <a href="/wiki/Josip_Broz_Tito" title="Josip Broz Tito">Titu</a> i tadašnjoj Jugoslaviji, - koja je nasilno protjerala brojne Talijane i zauzela nakon rata dijelove koji su dotad bili sastavni dijelovi Italije. Togliattiju su zamjerali i to što je olako prošao preko sovjetske intervencije u Mađarskoj 1956, po mjerilima tih kritičara Togliatti je provodio <a href="/wiki/Nicolo_Machiavelli" class="mw-redirect" title="Nicolo Machiavelli">machiavelističku</a> politiku - u kojoj nije birao sredstva da njegova politička opcija pobijedi.<br /> Unatoč svim modernim kritičarima Togliattija ipak većina ozbiljnih talijanskih analitičara drži za jednog od najznačajnijih talijanskih političara i jednog od stvaraoca moderne Italije i njena ustava. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Napomene">Napomene</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palmiro_Togliatti&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Uredi odjeljak Napomene" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palmiro_Togliatti&action=edit&section=8" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Napomene"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r42389381">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jcgi.pathfinder.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,798374,00.html">How to Hang On (Time, 19. april 1948.)</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span title=" since October 2022" style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedija:Mrtvi_eksterni_linkovi" title="Wikipedija:Mrtvi eksterni linkovi">mrtav link</a></i>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jcgi.pathfinder.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,798522,00.html">The Battle Continues (Time, 3. maj 1948.)</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span title=" since August 2021" style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedija:Mrtvi_eksterni_linkovi" title="Wikipedija:Mrtvi eksterni linkovi">mrtav link</a></i>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">U tekstu <i>Storia d Italia</i> (DeAgostini 1991), tvrdi se da je atentator na njega - Pallante ispalio samo dva hitca na njega. Taj događaj je ekraniziran u filmu Dina Risija <i>Težak život</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jcgi.pathfinder.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,887830,00.html">Blood on the Cobblestones (Time, 26. jula 1948.</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span title=" since August 2021" style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedija:Mrtvi_eksterni_linkovi" title="Wikipedija:Mrtvi eksterni linkovi">mrtav link</a></i>]</span></sup>,</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111002222200/http://www.cuneense.it/letteratogliatti.htm">„La lettera di Palmiro Togliatti a Vincenzo Bianco”</a>. Arhivirano iz <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cuneense.it/letteratogliatti.htm">originala</a> na datum 2011-10-02<span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno 2010-09-25</span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=La+lettera+di+Palmiro+Togliatti+a+Vincenzo+Bianco&rft.atitle=&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fweb.archive.org%2Fweb%2F20111002222200%2Fhttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.cuneense.it%2Fletteratogliatti.htm&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Palmiro_Togliatti"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ragionpolitica.it/testo.1207.palmiro_togliatti_prigionieri_italiani_guerra.html">Palmiro Togliatti e i prigionieri italiani di guerra in Russia</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografija">Bibliografija</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palmiro_Togliatti&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Uredi odjeljak Bibliografija" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palmiro_Togliatti&action=edit&section=9" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Bibliografija"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="infobox sisterproject" style="width: 300px"> <div style="float: left;"><figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Palmiro_Togliatti" title="commons:Category:Palmiro Togliatti"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div style="margin-left: 20px;"><i><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Palmiro_Togliatti" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Palmiro Togliatti">Palmiro Togliatti</a></b></i> na <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Glavna_stranica_-_%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" class="extiw" title="commons:Glavna stranica - Главна страница">Wikimedijinoj ostavi</a> </div> </div> <ul><li>Aldo Agosti, Palmiro Togliatti. Torino, UTET 1996 <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/88-02-04930-0" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/88-02-04930-0">88-02-04930-0</a></li> <li>Giorgio Bocca, Palmiro Togliatti. Milano, Mondadori 1997 <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/88-04-34446-6" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/88-04-34446-6">88-04-34446-6</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles nomobile"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r41348688">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output 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