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href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lunigiana" title="Lunigiana – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Lunigiana" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lunigiana" title="Lunigiana – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Lunigiana" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lunigiana" title="Lunigiana – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Lunigiana" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lunigiana" title="Lunigiana – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Lunigiana" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lunigiana" title="Lunigiana – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Lunigiana" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lunigiana" title="Lunigiana – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Lunigiana" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lunigiana" title="Lunigiana – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" 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width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Pontremoli.JPG/375px-Pontremoli.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Pontremoli.JPG/500px-Pontremoli.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>View of Lunigiana between <a href="/wiki/Filattiera" title="Filattiera">Filattiera</a> and <a href="/wiki/Aulla" title="Aulla">Aulla</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lunigiana_(1).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Lunigiana_%281%29.svg/250px-Lunigiana_%281%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="233" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Lunigiana_%281%29.svg/375px-Lunigiana_%281%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Lunigiana_%281%29.svg/500px-Lunigiana_%281%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="860" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption>Map of the municipalities that make up Lunigiana</figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>Lunigiana</b> (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">pronounced</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="it-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Italian" title="Help:IPA/Italian">[luniˈdʒaːna]</a></span>) or <b>Lunesana</b> is a historical territory of <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a>, which today falls within the provinces of <a href="/wiki/Massa_Carrara" class="mw-redirect" title="Massa Carrara">Massa Carrara</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tuscany" title="Tuscany">Tuscany</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Province_of_La_Spezia" title="Province of La Spezia">La Spezia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Liguria" title="Liguria">Liguria</a>. Its borders derive from the ancient Roman settlement, later the medieval <a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Luni" class="mw-redirect" title="Diocese of Luni">diocese of Luni</a>, which no longer exists. </p><p>Lunigiana, a mountainous region dissected by the <a href="/wiki/Magra" title="Magra">Magra</a> river, covers an area which runs from the <a href="/wiki/Apennine_Mountains" title="Apennine Mountains">Apennines</a> to the Mediterranean Sea, now belongs in part to <a href="/wiki/Tuscany" title="Tuscany">Tuscany</a> and in part to <a href="/wiki/Liguria" title="Liguria">Liguria</a>. It takes its name from <a href="/wiki/Luni,_Italy" title="Luni, Italy">Luni</a>, a Roman town, perhaps pre-dated by an <a href="/wiki/Etruscan_civilization" title="Etruscan civilization">Etruscan</a> settlement, which became the principal urban center on the northern Tuscan coast. Some contend that the name Luni refers to the Moon, a celestial body whose beauty is made all the more attractive when framed by the white-peaked <a href="/wiki/Apuan_Alps" title="Apuan Alps">Apuan Alps</a> and high <a href="/wiki/Apennine_Mountains" title="Apennine Mountains">Apennine Mountains</a>. Others maintain, though little or no evidence exists, that the region was populated by those who worshiped the Moon. As if to unite history and myth, the symbol of contemporary Lunigiana is a crescent moon held in the claw of a bear. </p><p>The earliest recorded inhabitants of this region may have been the <a href="/wiki/Apuani" title="Apuani">Apuani</a> (from which is derived the name of the Apuan mountain chain), an ancient Ligurian people, as well as <a href="/wiki/Etruscans" class="mw-redirect" title="Etruscans">Etruscans</a> who may have inhabited towns along the coast and even the hamlets near in-land trade routes. Curiously, while evidence of both Roman and later Medieval settlements are ample, the wondrously appealing <a href="/wiki/Stele" title="Stele">stele</a>, late pre-historic and <a href="/wiki/Bronze_Age" title="Bronze Age">Bronze Age</a> stone statues which have been found in large numbers in this part of Tuscany, remain the symbol of this ancient land. They are the first expression of the art and, perhaps, of the religious beliefs of the peoples that inhabited northern Tuscany from the Bronze Age to start of the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Empire" title="Roman Empire">Roman Empire</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Castles">Castles</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lunigiana&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Castles"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During the <a href="/wiki/Middle_Ages" title="Middle Ages">Middle Ages</a>, there were 160 castles in Lunigiana, only thirty of which have reached our times in a good state of preservation; others, such as the castle of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Agnino&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Agnino (page does not exist)">Agnino</a> di <a href="/wiki/Fivizzano" title="Fivizzano">Fivizzano</a>, have fallen into ruin. It was in these castles that <a href="/wiki/Dante" class="mw-redirect" title="Dante">Dante</a> found respite during his stay in Lunigiana. The historical origins of these castles date back to times when the <a href="/wiki/Lombards" title="Lombards">Lombards</a> dominated most of the <a href="/wiki/Pianura_Padana" class="mw-redirect" title="Pianura Padana">Pianura Padana</a> and, seeking an outlet on the Ligurian/Tuscan coast, they found in the <a href="/wiki/Cisa_Pass" title="Cisa Pass">Cisa Pass</a> and the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cerreto_Pass&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cerreto Pass (page does not exist)">Cerreto Pass</a>, near the town of Fivizzano, the easiest ways to cross the Apennines. </p><p>During ancient times, when the settlement of <a href="/wiki/Luni,_Italy" title="Luni, Italy">Luni</a>, founded by the <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Rome" title="Ancient Rome">Romans</a> in 177 BC, (today a site of significant Roman ruins and a modern museum) was a flourishing city and harbour, the Romans had already built solid defensive posts along the <a href="/wiki/Via_Aurelia" title="Via Aurelia">Via Aurelia</a>, a major road which linked up central Italy to Lunigiana and from Lunigiana to both the coastal road through <a href="/wiki/Liguria" title="Liguria">Liguria</a> and to <a href="/wiki/Gaul" title="Gaul">Gaul</a> (modern France) and across the Apennines into what is now the <a href="/wiki/Province_of_Reggio_Emilia" title="Province of Reggio Emilia">province of Reggio Emilia</a>. Upon significant sections of this Roman road, the Lombards would later build the <a href="/wiki/Via_Francigena" title="Via Francigena">Via Francigena</a>, for the control of which there were bloody and ferocious struggles among the local nobility, concerned with the maintenance of their dominion and <a href="/wiki/Fiefdoms" class="mw-redirect" title="Fiefdoms">fiefdoms</a>, as well as between the states of <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Pisa" title="Republic of Pisa">Pisa</a> and <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Lucca" title="Republic of Lucca">Lucca</a> and, later still, between <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Florence" title="Republic of Florence">Florence</a>, <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Milan" title="Duchy of Milan">Milan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Genoa" title="Republic of Genoa">Genoa</a>. </p><p>The most important castles in Lunigiana, including <a href="/w/index.php?title=La_Verrucola&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="La Verrucola (page does not exist)">La Verrucola</a>, the famous castle of Fivizzano formerly inhabited by the late artist <a href="/wiki/Pietro_Cascella" title="Pietro Cascella">Pietro Cascella</a>, and the castle of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Piagnaro&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Piagnaro (page does not exist)">Piagnaro</a> in <a href="/wiki/Pontremoli" title="Pontremoli">Pontremoli</a>, the Rocca of <a href="/wiki/Villafranca_in_Lunigiana" title="Villafranca in Lunigiana">Villafranca</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Malaspina_family" title="Malaspina family">Malaspina</a> castle in the city of <a href="/wiki/Massa,_Tuscany" title="Massa, Tuscany">Massa</a> and the fortified village of <a href="/wiki/Filetto" title="Filetto">Filetto</a>, had been built as a result of these monumental struggles for control of Lunigiana. Moreover, when the Malaspina (one of the leading Lunigianese dynasties during the Middle Ages) played an import part in both the local politics of Lunigiana and the politics of northern Italy, they built a great number of castles, which were used as residences and fortifications by which several branches of the dynasty defended the territory. </p><p>Some scholars contend that with the growth of flourishing branches of the Malaspina dynasty, the inheritance of Lunigianese feudal territories by the ever contesting large and small branches of the family eventually brought about a diminution of individual holdings causing, in the end, the parceling of fiefdoms into increasingly smaller estates, all of which needed to be protected through the building of castles and other stone fortifications. Thus, through the centuries, many large and small (now picturesque) castles were built in Lunigiana, but at the cost of weakening the overall power of the family at each generation. </p><p>As a region which controls the passage from <a href="/wiki/Tuscany" title="Tuscany">Tuscany</a> to the northern territories of <a href="/wiki/Lombardy" title="Lombardy">Lombardy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Parma" title="Parma">Parma</a>, as well as from Tuscany to the eastern lands of Liguria and across the Apennines into Reggio Emilia, Lunigiana was fought over for centuries in countless wars which pitted the native feudal dynasties against one another. Then, in order to gain control of this strategic region, Luccans fought Pisans, Pisa struggled with Genoese, Milanese struck out against the Modense and Florentines made war on them all. While the Genoese were able to gain control of <a href="/wiki/La_Spezia" title="La Spezia">La Spezia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lerici" title="Lerici">Lerici</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sarzana" title="Sarzana">Sarzana</a> and much of the littoral coast all the way from the <a href="/wiki/Cinque_Terre" title="Cinque Terre">Cinque Terre</a> to ancient Luni itself, the Milanese took more northern parts of Lunigiana. Meanwhile, some northeastern Lunigianese towns came under the control of either Parma or <a href="/wiki/Modena" title="Modena">Modena</a>. Nevertheless, the most strategic parts of ancient Lunigiana began to come under the control of the Florentine state in the early 15th century. By the second half of that century, Tuscan possession of most of Lunigiana was secured with the incorporation of Fivizzano and its vast territory into the Tuscan state. With <a href="/wiki/Italian_unification" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian unification">Italian unification</a> in the mid-nineteenth century, most of Lunigiana, though divided for centuries among the contesting duchies and city-states of northern Italy, came into the new <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy_(1861%E2%80%931946)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)">Kingdom of Italy</a> as part of Tuscany proper. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lunigiana&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Caterina Rapetti, <i>Accanto al camino. Diavoli stolti e contadini astuti nelle favole della Lunigiana</i>, illustrations of <a href="/wiki/Davide_Danti" title="Davide Danti">Davide Danti</a>, Milano, Edizioni dell'Arco 2007, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px 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.cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/88-7876-096-X" title="Special:BookSources/88-7876-096-X">88-7876-096-X</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lunigiana&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/40px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/60px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/80px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikivoyage has a travel guide for <i><b><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Lunigiana#Q657832" class="extiw" title="wikivoyage:Lunigiana">Lunigiana</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050223091303/http://www.provincia.ms.it/">Massa Carrara province portal</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.terredilunigiana.com/eng/">Terre di Lunigiana</a> Lunigiana guide</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.comune.aulla.ms.it/">[1]</a> comune portal</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.comune.fivizzano.ms.it/">[2]</a> comune portal</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.comune.pontremoli.ms.it/">[3]</a> comune portal</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.comuni-italiani.it/045/lista.html">[4]</a> list of the communes of Massa Carrara</li></ul> <p><span class="metadata coord-missing"></span> </p> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul 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.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Malaspina" style="padding:3px"><table 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title="Special:EditPage/Template:Malaspina"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Malaspina" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Malaspina_family" title="Malaspina family">Malaspina</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dynastic<br />lines</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Main_branch" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:13.2em;text-align:left;">Main branch</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Obertenghi" title="Obertenghi">Obertenghi</a> (<a href="/wiki/Adalberto_the_Margrave" title="Adalberto the Margrave">Adalberto the Margrave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oberto_I" title="Oberto I">Oberto I</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otbert_II,_Margrave_of_Milan" class="mw-redirect" title="Otbert II, Margrave of Milan">Oberto II (Margrave of Milan)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Malaspina" title="Albert Malaspina">Albert Malaspina</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:13.2em;text-align:left;">Sub-branches</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Malaspina_family#The_Spino_Fiorito_branch_of_the_family" title="Malaspina family">Malaspina dello Spino Fiorito</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Opizzo_Malaspina" title="Opizzo Malaspina">Opizzo Malaspina</a></li></ul></li></ul> <dl><dd></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Malaspina_family#Spino_Secco_branch" title="Malaspina family">Malaspina dello Spino Secco</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Conrad_Malaspina_(The_Old)" class="mw-redirect" title="Conrad Malaspina (The Old)">Conrad Malaspina (The Old)</a></li></ul></li></ul> <dl><dd></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cybo-Malaspina" class="mw-redirect" title="Cybo-Malaspina">Cybo-Malaspina</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="8" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_the_House_of_Malaspina_(Spino_Secco)_(1).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Coat_of_arms_of_the_House_of_Malaspina_%28Spino_Secco%29_%281%29.svg/110px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_House_of_Malaspina_%28Spino_Secco%29_%281%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="137" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Coat_of_arms_of_the_House_of_Malaspina_%28Spino_Secco%29_%281%29.svg/165px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_House_of_Malaspina_%28Spino_Secco%29_%281%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Coat_of_arms_of_the_House_of_Malaspina_%28Spino_Secco%29_%281%29.svg/220px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_House_of_Malaspina_%28Spino_Secco%29_%281%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="165" data-file-height="205" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_the_House_of_Malaspina_(Spino_Fiorito)_(1).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Coat_of_arms_of_the_House_of_Malaspina_%28Spino_Fiorito%29_%281%29.svg/110px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_House_of_Malaspina_%28Spino_Fiorito%29_%281%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="137" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Coat_of_arms_of_the_House_of_Malaspina_%28Spino_Fiorito%29_%281%29.svg/165px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_House_of_Malaspina_%28Spino_Fiorito%29_%281%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Coat_of_arms_of_the_House_of_Malaspina_%28Spino_Fiorito%29_%281%29.svg/220px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_House_of_Malaspina_%28Spino_Fiorito%29_%281%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="165" data-file-height="205" /></a></span> <br /><small><i>Sum Mala Spina Malis Sum Bona Spina Bonis</i></small></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:13.2em;text-align:left;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marquise_of_Fosdinovo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marquise of Fosdinovo (page does not exist)">Marquise of Fosdinovo</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spinetta_Malaspina" title="Spinetta Malaspina">Spinetta Malaspina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galeotto_I_Malaspina" title="Galeotto I Malaspina">Galeotto I Malaspina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabriele_I_Malaspina" title="Gabriele I Malaspina">Gabriele I Malaspina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spinetta_II_Malaspina" title="Spinetta II Malaspina">Spinetta II Malaspina</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antonio_Alberico_I_Malaspina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Antonio Alberico I Malaspina (page does not exist)">Antonio Alberico I Malaspina</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Giacomo_I_Malaspina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Giacomo I Malaspina (page does not exist)">Giacomo I Malaspina</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gabriele_II_Malaspina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gabriele II Malaspina (page does not exist)">Gabriele II Malaspina</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lorenzo_Malaspina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lorenzo Malaspina (page does not exist)">Lorenzo Malaspina</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Galeotto_II_Malaspina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Galeotto II Malaspina (page does not exist)">Galeotto II Malaspina</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Giuseppe_Malaspina_(nobile)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Giuseppe Malaspina (nobile) (page does not exist)">Giuseppe Malaspina (nobile)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andrea_Malaspina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andrea Malaspina (page does not exist)">Andrea Malaspina</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Giacomo_II_Malaspina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Giacomo II Malaspina (page does not exist)">Giacomo II Malaspina</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pasquale_Malaspina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pasquale Malaspina (page does not exist)">Pasquale Malaspina</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ippolito_Malaspina_(Marchese_di_Fosdinovo)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ippolito Malaspina (Marchese di Fosdinovo) (page does not exist)">Ippolito Malaspina (Marchese di Fosdinovo)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carlo_Francesco_Agostino_Malaspina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carlo Francesco Agostino Malaspina (page does not exist)">Carlo Francesco Agostino Malaspina</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gabriele_III_Malaspina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gabriele III Malaspina (page does not exist)">Gabriele III Malaspina</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carlo_Emanuele_Malaspina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carlo Emanuele Malaspina (page does not exist)">Carlo Emanuele Malaspina</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:13.2em;text-align:left;">Lords of Massa and Carrara</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antonio_Alberico_I_Malaspina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Antonio Alberico I Malaspina (page does not exist)">Antonio Alberico I Malaspina</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Giacomo_I_Malaspina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Giacomo I Malaspina (page does not exist)">Giacomo I Malaspina</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antonio_Alberico_II_Malaspina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Antonio Alberico II Malaspina (page does not exist)">Antonio Alberico II Malaspina</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:13.2em;text-align:left;">Marquises of Massa and lords of Carrara</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antonio_Alberico_II_Malaspina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Antonio Alberico II Malaspina (page does not exist)">Antonio Alberico II Malaspina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ricciarda_Malaspina" title="Ricciarda Malaspina">Ricciarda Malaspina</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:13.2em;text-align:left;">Sovereigns of Massa and Carrara</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antonio_Alberico_II_Malaspina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Antonio Alberico II Malaspina (page does not exist)">Antonio Alberico II Malaspina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ricciarda_Malaspina" title="Ricciarda Malaspina">Ricciarda Malaspina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giulio_Cybo" title="Giulio Cybo">Giulio Cybo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alberico_I_Cybo-Malaspina" title="Alberico I Cybo-Malaspina">Alberico I Cybo-Malaspina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlo_I_Cybo-Malaspina" title="Carlo I Cybo-Malaspina">Carlo I Cybo-Malaspina</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alberico_II_Cybo-Malaspina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alberico II Cybo-Malaspina (page does not exist)">Alberico II Cybo-Malaspina</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carlo_II_Cybo-Malaspina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carlo II Cybo-Malaspina (page does not exist)">Carlo II Cybo-Malaspina</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alberico_III_Cybo-Malaspina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alberico III Cybo-Malaspina (page does not exist)">Alberico III Cybo-Malaspina</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alderano_I_Cybo-Malaspina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alderano I Cybo-Malaspina (page does not exist)">Alderano I Cybo-Malaspina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Teresa_Cybo-Malaspina" title="Maria Teresa Cybo-Malaspina">Maria Teresa Cybo-Malaspina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Beatrice_d%27Este,_Duchess_of_Massa" title="Maria Beatrice d'Este, Duchess of Massa">Maria Beatrice d'Este (1750-1829)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:13.2em;text-align:left;">Consorts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Giovanna_Novella_Malaspina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Giovanna Novella Malaspina (page does not exist)">Giovanna Novella Malaspina</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marcella_Malaspina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marcella Malaspina (page does not exist)">Marcella Malaspina</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:13.2em;text-align:left;">Saints</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:13.2em;text-align:left;">Cardinlas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:13.2em;text-align:left;">Bishops and Archbishops</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bernab%C3%B2_Malaspina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bernabò Malaspina (page does not exist)">Bernabò Malaspina</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aragonio_Malaspina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aragonio Malaspina (page does not exist)">Aragonio Malaspina</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Barnaba_Malaspina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Barnaba Malaspina (page does not exist)">Barnaba Malaspina</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gabriele_Malaspina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gabriele Malaspina (page does not exist)">Gabriele Malaspina</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gherardino_Malaspina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gherardino Malaspina (page does not exist)">Gherardino Malaspina</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:13.2em;text-align:left;">Military-men and Warlords</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Malaspina" title="Albert Malaspina">Albert Malaspina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alessandro_Malaspina" class="mw-redirect" title="Alessandro Malaspina">Alessandro Malaspina</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bernab%C3%B2_Malaspina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bernabò Malaspina (page does not exist)">Bernabò Malaspina</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ippolito_Malaspina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ippolito Malaspina (page does not exist)">Ippolito Malaspina</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Obizzo_Malaspina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Obizzo Malaspina (page does not exist)">Obizzo Malaspina</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moroello_Malaspina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Moroello Malaspina (page does not exist)">Moroello Malaspina</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Architecture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:13.2em;text-align:left;">Palaces</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palazzo_Boldieri-Malaspina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Palazzo Boldieri-Malaspina (page does not exist)">Palazzo Boldieri-Malaspina</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palazzo_Cybo_Malaspina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Palazzo Cybo Malaspina (page does not exist)">Palazzo Cybo Malaspina</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palazzo_Dessilani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Palazzo Dessilani (page does not exist)">Palazzo Dessilani</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palazzo_Ducale_(Massa)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Palazzo Ducale (Massa) (page does not exist)">Palazzo Ducale (Massa)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palazzo_Malaspina" class="mw-redirect" title="Palazzo Malaspina">Palazzo Malaspina</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palazzo_Venerosi_Pesciolini&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Palazzo Venerosi Pesciolini (page does not exist)">Palazzo Venerosi Pesciolini</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:13.2em;text-align:left;">Castles and Forts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castello_del_Dego&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Castello del Dego (page does not exist)">Castello del Dego</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castello_di_Agnino&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Castello di Agnino (page does not exist)">Castello di Agnino</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castello_di_Ameglia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Castello di Ameglia (page does not exist)">Castello di Ameglia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castello_di_Arcola&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Castello di Arcola (page does not exist)">Castello di Arcola</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castello_di_Bastia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Castello di Bastia (page does not exist)">Castello di Bastia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castello_di_Calice_al_Cornoviglio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Castello di Calice al Cornoviglio (page does not exist)">Castello di Calice al Cornoviglio</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castello_di_Casarasco&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Castello di Casarasco (page does not exist)">Castello di Casarasco</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castello_di_Castel_del_Piano&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Castello di Castel del Piano (page does not exist)">Castello di Castel del Piano</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castello_di_Codiponte&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Castello di Codiponte (page does not exist)">Castello di Codiponte</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castello_di_Comano&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Castello di Comano (page does not exist)">Castello di Comano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castello_di_Compiano" class="mw-redirect" title="Castello di Compiano">Castello di Compiano</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castello_di_Grondola&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Castello di Grondola (page does not exist)">Castello di Grondola</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castello_di_Groppo_San_Pietro&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Castello di Groppo San Pietro (page does not exist)">Castello di Groppo San Pietro</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castello_di_Isola_del_Cantone&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Castello di Isola del Cantone (page does not exist)">Castello di Isola del Cantone</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castello_di_Levanto&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Castello di Levanto (page does not exist)">Castello di Levanto</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castello_di_Lusuolo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Castello di Lusuolo (page does not exist)">Castello di Lusuolo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castello_di_Madrignano&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Castello di Madrignano (page does not exist)">Castello di Madrignano</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castello_di_Malgrate&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Castello di Malgrate (page does not exist)">Castello di Malgrate</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castello_di_Moneta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Castello di Moneta (page does not exist)">Castello di Moneta</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castello_di_Montechiaro_(Fivizzano)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Castello di Montechiaro (Fivizzano) (page does not exist)">Castello di Montechiaro (Fivizzano)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castello_di_Montechiaro_(Rivergaro)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Castello di Montechiaro (Rivergaro) (page does not exist)">Castello di Montechiaro (Rivergaro)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castello_di_Montemassi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Castello di Montemassi (page does not exist)">Castello di Montemassi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castello_di_Oramala&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Castello di Oramala (page does not exist)">Castello di Oramala</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castello_di_Regnano&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Castello di Regnano (page does not exist)">Castello di Regnano</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castello_di_Rivalta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Castello di Rivalta (page does not exist)">Castello di Rivalta</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castello_di_Santo_Stefano_d%27Aveto&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Castello di Santo Stefano d'Aveto (page does not exist)">Castello di Santo Stefano d'Aveto</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castello_di_Sassalbo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Castello di Sassalbo (page does not exist)">Castello di Sassalbo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castello_di_Scaldasole&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Castello di Scaldasole (page does not exist)">Castello di Scaldasole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castle_of_Serravalle" title="Castle of Serravalle">Castle of Serravalle</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castello_di_Suvero&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Castello di Suvero (page does not exist)">Castello di Suvero</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castello_di_Torriglia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Castello di Torriglia (page does not exist)">Castello di Torriglia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castello_di_Varsi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Castello di Varsi (page does not exist)">Castello di Varsi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castello_di_Viano&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Castello di Viano (page does not exist)">Castello di Viano</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castello_Malaspina_(Fosdinovo)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Castello Malaspina (Fosdinovo) (page does not exist)">Castello Malaspina (Fosdinovo)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castello_Malaspina_di_Varzi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Castello Malaspina di Varzi (page does not exist)">Castello Malaspina di Varzi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castello_Malaspiniano_(Bobbio)" class="mw-redirect" title="Castello Malaspiniano (Bobbio)">Castello Malaspiniano (Bobbio)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fortezza_della_Brunella&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fortezza della Brunella (page does not exist)">Fortezza della Brunella</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fortezza_della_Verrucola&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fortezza della Verrucola (page does not exist)">Fortezza della Verrucola</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fortezza_delle_Verrucole&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fortezza delle Verrucole (page does not exist)">Fortezza delle Verrucole</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rocca_Malaspina_(Massa)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rocca Malaspina (Massa) (page does not exist)">Rocca Malaspina (Massa)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Torre_di_Castruccio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Torre di Castruccio (page does not exist)">Torre di Castruccio</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:13.2em;text-align:left;">Villas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Villa_di_Agnano&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Villa di Agnano (page does not exist)">Villa di Agnano</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Villa_la_Rinchiostra&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Villa la Rinchiostra (page does not exist)">Villa la Rinchiostra</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Villa_Malaspina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Villa Malaspina (page does not exist)">Villa Malaspina</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Villa_Massoni&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Villa Massoni (page does not exist)">Villa Massoni</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:13.2em;text-align:left;">Altro</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Patrons</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:13.2em;text-align:left;">Painters, Scolptures and Architects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:13.2em;text-align:left;">Poets</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Raimbaut_de_Vaqueiras" title="Raimbaut de Vaqueiras">Raimbaut de Vaqueiras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guilhem_de_la_Tor" title="Guilhem de la Tor">Guilhem de la Tor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dante_Alighieri" title="Dante Alighieri">Dante Alighieri</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:13.2em;text-align:left;">Philosofers and Humanists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:13.2em;text-align:left;">Scientists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:13.2em;text-align:left;">Musicians</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Resting places</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chiesa_di_San_Remigio_(Fosdinovo)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chiesa di San Remigio (Fosdinovo) (page does not exist)">Chiesa di San Remigio (Fosdinovo)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massa_Cathedral" title="Massa Cathedral">Massa Cathedral</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Heraldy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Institutions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Massa_and_Carrara" title="Duchy of Massa and Carrara">Duchy of Massa and Carrara</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marchesato_di_Fosdinovo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marchesato di Fosdinovo (page does not exist)">Marchesato di Fosdinovo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marchesato_di_Tresana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marchesato di Tresana (page does not exist)">Marchesato di Tresana</a></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Lunigiana</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castelli_lunigianesi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Castelli lunigianesi (page does not exist)">Castelli lunigianesi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pace_di_Castelnuovo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pace di Castelnuovo (page does not exist)">Pace di Castelnuovo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" 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class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh2017004258">United States</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lunigiana&oldid=1258407692">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lunigiana&oldid=1258407692</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Lunigiana" 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