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class="vheadingv"><b>Verse</b><a href="/bsb/1_samuel/1.htm" class="clickchap" style="color:#001320" title="Click any translation name for full chapter">  (Click for Chapter)</a></div><div id="par"><span class="versiontext"><a href="/niv/1_samuel/1.htm">New International Version</a></span><br />Because the LORD had closed Hannah&#8217s womb, her rival kept provoking her in order to irritate her.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nlt/1_samuel/1.htm">New Living Translation</a></span><br />So Peninnah would taunt Hannah and make fun of her because the LORD had kept her from having children.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/esv/1_samuel/1.htm">English Standard Version</a></span><br />And her rival used to provoke her grievously to irritate her, because the LORD had closed her womb.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/bsb/1_samuel/1.htm">Berean Standard Bible</a></span><br />Because the LORD had closed Hannah’s womb, her rival would provoke her viciously to taunt her.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/kjv/1_samuel/1.htm">King James Bible</a></span><br />And her adversary also provoked her sore, for to make her fret, because the LORD had shut up her womb.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nkjv/1_samuel/1.htm">New King James Version</a></span><br />And her rival also provoked her severely, to make her miserable, because the LORD had closed her womb.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb_/1_samuel/1.htm">New American Standard Bible</a></span><br />Her rival, moreover, would provoke her bitterly to irritate her, because the LORD had closed her womb.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb/1_samuel/1.htm">NASB 1995</a></span><br />Her rival, however, would provoke her bitterly to irritate her, because the LORD had closed her womb.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb77/1_samuel/1.htm">NASB 1977 </a></span><br />Her rival, however, would provoke her bitterly to irritate her, because the LORD had closed her womb.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lsb/1_samuel/1.htm">Legacy Standard Bible </a></span><br />Her rival, however, would provoke her bitterly to irritate her because Yahweh had closed her womb.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/amp/1_samuel/1.htm">Amplified Bible</a></span><br />Hannah’s rival provoked her bitterly, to irritate <i>and</i> embarrass her, because the LORD had left her childless.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/csb/1_samuel/1.htm">Christian Standard Bible</a></span><br />Her rival would taunt her severely just to provoke her, because the LORD had kept Hannah from conceiving.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/hcsb/1_samuel/1.htm">Holman Christian Standard Bible</a></span><br />Her rival would taunt her severely just to provoke her, because the LORD had kept Hannah from conceiving. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/asv/1_samuel/1.htm">American Standard Version</a></span><br />And her rival provoked her sore, to make her fret, because Jehovah had shut up her womb.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/cev/1_samuel/1.htm">Contemporary English Version</a></span><br />Peninnah liked to make Hannah feel miserable about not having any children, <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/erv/1_samuel/1.htm">English Revised Version</a></span><br />And her rival provoked her sore, for to make her fret, because the LORD had shut up her womb.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/gwt/1_samuel/1.htm">GOD'S WORD® Translation</a></span><br />Because the LORD had made her unable to have children, her rival [Peninnah] tormented her endlessly in order to make her miserable.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/gnt/1_samuel/1.htm">Good News Translation</a></span><br />Peninnah, her rival, would torment and humiliate her, because the LORD had kept her childless. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/isv/1_samuel/1.htm">International Standard Version</a></span><br />Her rival would provoke her severely so that she complained loudly because the LORD had closed her womb. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/msb/1_samuel/1.htm">Majority Standard Bible</a></span><br />Because the LORD had closed Hannah?s womb, her rival would provoke her viciously to taunt her.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/net/1_samuel/1.htm">NET Bible</a></span><br />Her rival wife used to upset her and make her worry, for the LORD had not enabled her to have children.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nheb/1_samuel/1.htm">New Heart English Bible</a></span><br />And because the LORD kept her from conceiving, her rival used to taunt her severely, to irritate her. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/wbt/1_samuel/1.htm">Webster's Bible Translation</a></span><br />And her adversary also provoked her greatly, to make her fret, because the LORD had made her barren.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/web/1_samuel/1.htm">World English Bible</a></span><br />Her rival provoked her severely, to irritate her, because Yahweh had shut up her womb. <div class="vheading2"><b>Literal Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lsv/1_samuel/1.htm">Literal Standard Version</a></span><br />and her rival has also provoked her greatly, so as to make her tremble, for YHWH has shut up her womb.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/ylt/1_samuel/1.htm">Young's Literal Translation</a></span><br /> and her adversity hath also provoked her greatly, so as to make her tremble, for Jehovah hath shut up her womb.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/slt/1_samuel/1.htm">Smith's Literal Translation</a></span><br />Being grieved, her distress grieved her so that she was moved because Jehovah shut up about her womb.<div class="vheading2"><b>Catholic Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/drb/1_samuel/1.htm">Douay-Rheims Bible</a></span><br />Her rival also afflicted her, and troubled her exceedingly, insomuch that she upbraided her, that the Lord had shut up her womb: <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/cpdv/1_samuel/1.htm">Catholic Public Domain Version</a></span><br />And her rival afflicted her and vehemently distressed her, to a great extent, for she rebuked her that the Lord had closed her womb.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nabre/1_samuel/1.htm">New American Bible</a></span><br />Her rival, to upset her, would torment her constantly, since the LORD had closed her womb.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nrsvce/1_samuel/1.htm">New Revised Standard Version</a></span><br />Her rival used to provoke her severely, to irritate her, because the LORD had closed her womb.<div class="vheading2"><b>Translations from Aramaic</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lamsa/1_samuel/1.htm">Lamsa Bible</a></span><br />And her rival also taunted her sorely to make her fret because the LORD had shut up her womb.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/hpbt/1_samuel/1.htm">Peshitta Holy Bible Translated</a></span><br />And his rival wife was provoking her also to anger, so that she would grieve her because LORD JEHOVAH had shut in the face of her womb<div class="vheading2"><b>OT Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/jps/1_samuel/1.htm">JPS Tanakh 1917</a></span><br />And her rival vexed her sore, to make her fret, because the LORD had shut up her womb.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/sep/1_samuel/1.htm">Brenton Septuagint Translation</a></span><br />For the Lord gave her no child in her affliction, and according to the despondency of her affliction; and she was dispirited on this account, that the Lord shut up her womb so as not to give her a child.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/parallel/1_samuel/1-6.htm">Additional Translations ...</a></span></div></div></div><div id="centbox"><div class="padcent"><a name="audio" id="audio"></a><div class="vheadingv"><b>Audio Bible</b></div><iframe width="100%" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/H8oQfYUMRZg?start=56" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen></iframe><span class="p"><br /><br /><br /></span><div class="vheadingv"><b>Context</b></div><span class="hdg"><a href="/bsb/1_samuel/1.htm">Elkanah and His Wives</a></span><br>…<span class="reftext">5</span>But to Hannah he would give a double portion, for he loved her even though the LORD had closed her womb. <span class="reftext">6</span><span class="highl"><a href="/hebrew/3588.htm" title="3588: kî- (Conj) -- That, for, when. ">Because</a> <a href="/hebrew/3068.htm" title="3068: Yah·weh (N-proper-ms) -- The proper name of the God of Israel. From hayah; self-Existent or Eternal; Jehovah, Jewish national name of God.">the LORD</a> <a href="/hebrew/5462.htm" title="5462: sā·ḡar (V-Qal-Perf-3ms) -- To shut, close. A primitive root; to shut up; figuratively, to surrender.">had closed</a> <a href="/hebrew/1157.htm" title="1157: bə·‘aḏ (Prep) -- From ad with prepositional prefix; in up to or over against; generally at, beside, among, behind, for, etc."></a> <a href="/hebrew/7358.htm" title="7358: raḥ·māh (N-msc:: 3fs) -- Womb. From racham; the womb.">Hannah’s womb,</a> <a href="/hebrew/6869.htm" title="6869: ṣā·rā·ṯāh (N-fsc:: 3fs) -- Tightness, a female rival. Feminine of tsar; tightness; transitively, a female rival.">her rival</a> <a href="/hebrew/1571.htm" title="1571: gam- (Conj) -- Also, moreover, yea. "></a> <a href="/hebrew/5668.htm" title="5668: ba·‘ă·ḇūr (Prep-b:: N-ms) -- Or rabur; passive participle of abar; properly, crossed, i.e. transit; used only adverbially, on account of, in order that."></a> <a href="/hebrew/7481.htm" title="7481: har·rə·‘i·māh (V-Hifil-Inf:: 3fs) -- To thunder. A primitive root; to tumble, i.e. Be violently agitated; specifically, to crash; figuratively, to irritate.">would provoke her</a> <a href="/hebrew/3707.htm" title="3707: wə·ḵi·‘ă·sat·tāh (Conj-w:: V-Piel-ConjPerf-3fs:: 3fs) -- To be vexed or angry. A primitive root; to trouble; by implication, to grieve, rage, be indignant.">and taunt her</a> <a href="/hebrew/3708.htm" title="3708: ka·‘as (N-ms) -- Vexation, anger. Or kaoas; from ka'ac; vexation.">viciously.</a> </span><span class="reftext">7</span>And this went on year after year. Whenever Hannah went up to the house of the LORD, her rival taunted her until she wept and would not eat.…<div class="cred"><a href="//berean.bible">Berean Standard Bible</a> · <a href="//berean.bible/downloads.htm">Download</a></div><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a name="crossref" id="crossref"></a><div class="vheading">Cross References</div><div id="crf"><span class="crossverse"><a href="/genesis/30-1.htm">Genesis 30:1</a></span><br />When Rachel saw that she was not bearing any children for Jacob, she envied her sister. “Give me children, or I will die!” she said to Jacob.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/genesis/16-4.htm">Genesis 16:4-5</a></span><br />And he slept with Hagar, and she conceived. But when Hagar realized that she was pregnant, she began to despise her mistress. / Then Sarai said to Abram, “May the wrong done to me be upon you! I delivered my servant into your arms, and ever since she saw that she was pregnant, she has treated me with contempt. May the LORD judge between you and me.”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/genesis/29-31.htm">Genesis 29:31</a></span><br />When the LORD saw that Leah was unloved, He opened her womb; but Rachel was barren.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/genesis/30-22.htm">Genesis 30:22-23</a></span><br />Then God remembered Rachel. He listened to her and opened her womb, / and she conceived and gave birth to a son. “God has taken away my shame,” she said.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/deuteronomy/7-14.htm">Deuteronomy 7:14</a></span><br />You will be blessed above all peoples; among you there will be no barren man or woman or livestock.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/judges/13-2.htm">Judges 13:2-3</a></span><br />Now there was a man from Zorah named Manoah, from the clan of the Danites, whose wife was barren and had no children. / The angel of the LORD appeared to the woman and said to her, “It is true that you are barren and have no children; but you will conceive and give birth to a son.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/psalms/113-9.htm">Psalm 113:9</a></span><br />He settles the barren woman in her home as a joyful mother to her children. Hallelujah!<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/psalms/127-3.htm">Psalm 127:3</a></span><br />Children are indeed a heritage from the LORD, and the fruit of the womb is His reward.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/psalms/128-3.htm">Psalm 128:3</a></span><br />Your wife will be like a fruitful vine flourishing within your house, your sons like olive shoots sitting around your table.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/isaiah/54-1.htm">Isaiah 54:1</a></span><br />“Shout for joy, O barren woman, who bears no children; break forth in song and cry aloud, you who have never travailed; because more are the children of the desolate woman than of her who has a husband,” says the LORD.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/luke/1-7.htm">Luke 1:7</a></span><br />But they had no children, because Elizabeth was barren, and they were both well along in years.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/luke/1-25.htm">Luke 1:25</a></span><br />“The Lord has done this for me. In these days He has shown me favor and taken away my disgrace among the people.”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/luke/1-36.htm">Luke 1:36</a></span><br />Look, even Elizabeth your relative has conceived a son in her old age, and she who was called barren is in her sixth month.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/luke/1-46.htm">Luke 1:46-48</a></span><br />Then Mary said: “My soul magnifies the Lord, / and my spirit rejoices in God my Savior! / For He has looked with favor on the humble state of His servant. From now on all generations will call me blessed.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/romans/9-9.htm">Romans 9:9</a></span><br />For this is what the promise stated: “At the appointed time I will return, and Sarah will have a son.”</div><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a name="tsk" id="tsk"><div class="vheading">Treasury of Scripture</div><p class="tsk2">And her adversary also provoked her sore, for to make her fret, because the LORD had shut up her womb.</p><p class="hdg">adversary</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/leviticus/18-18.htm">Leviticus 18:18</a></b></br> Neither shalt thou take a wife to her sister, to vex <i>her</i>, to uncover her nakedness, beside the other in her life <i>time</i>.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/job/6-14.htm">Job 6:14</a></b></br> To him that is afflicted pity <i>should be shewed</i> from his friend; but he forsaketh the fear of the Almighty.</p><p class="hdg">provoked her [heb] angered her </p><div class="vheading">Jump to Previous</div><a href="/deuteronomy/32-27.htm">Adversary</a> <a href="/judges/10-14.htm">Adversity</a> <a href="/1_samuel/1-5.htm">Barren</a> <a href="/ruth/1-20.htm">Bitterly</a> <a href="/1_samuel/1-5.htm">Closed</a> <a href="/ruth/3-12.htm">However</a> <a href="/ephesians/6-4.htm">Irritate</a> <a href="/ruth/2-23.htm">Kept</a> <a href="/ruth/4-10.htm">Order</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/32-30.htm">Possible</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/32-21.htm">Provoke</a> <a href="/judges/2-12.htm">Provoked</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/32-19.htm">Provoking</a> <a href="/leviticus/18-18.htm">Rival</a> <a href="/1_samuel/1-5.htm">Shut</a> <a href="/judges/21-2.htm">Sore</a> <a href="/judges/10-9.htm">Sorely</a> <a href="/judges/8-12.htm">Tremble</a> <a href="/1_samuel/1-5.htm">Used</a> <a href="/judges/16-16.htm">Vexed</a> <a href="/1_samuel/1-4.htm">Wife</a> <a href="/1_samuel/1-5.htm">Womb</a><div class="vheading2">Jump to Next</div><a href="/1_samuel/2-32.htm">Adversary</a> <a href="/2_samuel/4-9.htm">Adversity</a> <a href="/1_samuel/2-5.htm">Barren</a> <a href="/1_samuel/1-10.htm">Bitterly</a> <a href="/1_kings/6-4.htm">Closed</a> <a href="/1_samuel/2-25.htm">However</a> <a href="/ephesians/6-4.htm">Irritate</a> <a href="/1_samuel/1-7.htm">Kept</a> <a href="/1_samuel/4-2.htm">Order</a> <a href="/1_samuel/16-2.htm">Possible</a> <a href="/1_samuel/1-7.htm">Provoke</a> <a href="/1_samuel/1-7.htm">Provoked</a> <a href="/1_kings/14-9.htm">Provoking</a> <a href="/1_samuel/1-7.htm">Rival</a> <a href="/1_samuel/6-10.htm">Shut</a> <a href="/1_samuel/1-10.htm">Sore</a> <a href="/1_samuel/1-15.htm">Sorely</a> <a href="/1_samuel/16-4.htm">Tremble</a> <a href="/1_samuel/1-7.htm">Used</a> <a href="/1_samuel/1-7.htm">Vexed</a> <a href="/1_samuel/1-19.htm">Wife</a> <a href="/job/1-21.htm">Womb</a><div class="vheading2">1 Samuel 1</div><span class="reftext">1. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/1_samuel/1-1.htm">Elkanah, a Levite, having two wives, worships yearly at Shiloh</a></span><br><span class="reftext">4. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/1_samuel/1-4.htm">He cherishes Hannah, though barren, and provoked by Peninnah</a></span><br><span class="reftext">9. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/1_samuel/1-9.htm">Hannah in grief prays for a child</a></span><br><span class="reftext">12. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/1_samuel/1-12.htm">Eli first rebuking her, afterwards blesses her</a></span><br><span class="reftext">19. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/1_samuel/1-19.htm">Hannah, having born Samuel, stays at home till he is weaned</a></span><br><span class="reftext">24. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/1_samuel/1-24.htm">She presents him, according to her vow, to the Lord</a></span><br></div></div><div id="mdd"><div align="center"><div class="bot2"><table align="center" width="100%"><tr><td><div align="center"> <script id="3d27ed63fc4348d5b062c4527ae09445"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=51ce25d5-1a8c-424a-8695-4bd48c750f35&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script> <script id="b817b7107f1d4a7997da1b3c33457e03"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=cb0edd8b-b416-47eb-8c6d-3cc96561f7e8&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-2'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-0' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-3'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-1' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div><br /><br />  <div align="center" id='div-gpt-ad-1531425649696-0'> </div><br /><br /> <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display:inline-block;width:200px;height:200px" data-ad-client="ca-pub-3753401421161123" data-ad-slot="3592799687"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> <br /><br /> </div> </td></tr></table></div></div></div><div id="combox"><div class="padcom"><a name="study" id="study"></a><div class="vheading"><table width="100%"><tr><td width="99%" valign="top"><a href="/study/1_samuel/1.htm">Study Bible</a></td><td width="1%" valign="top"><a href="/study/1_samuel/" title="Book Summary and Study">Book ◦</a> <a href="/study/chapters/1_samuel/1.htm" title="Chapter summary and Study">Chapter </a></tr></table></div><b>Because the LORD had closed Hannah’s womb</b><br>This phrase highlights the belief in divine sovereignty over human circumstances, particularly in matters of fertility. In ancient Israel, children were seen as a blessing from God, and barrenness was often viewed as a sign of divine disfavor or a test of faith. The Bible frequently records instances where God intervenes in matters of childbirth, such as with Sarah (<a href="/genesis/21.htm">Genesis 21:1-2</a>) and Rachel (<a href="/genesis/30-22.htm">Genesis 30:22-24</a>). The closing of Hannah's womb serves as a backdrop for God's eventual miraculous intervention, emphasizing His power and timing. It also sets the stage for the birth of Samuel, a significant prophet in Israel's history, who would anoint the first two kings of Israel.<p><b>her rival would provoke her viciously</b><br>Hannah's rival, Peninnah, is described as provoking her, which reflects the cultural and familial tensions that could arise from polygamous marriages. In the ancient Near East, a woman's status was often tied to her ability to bear children, particularly sons. Peninnah's provocations may have stemmed from jealousy or a desire to assert her own status within the household. This dynamic is reminiscent of other biblical stories of rivalry between women, such as Leah and Rachel (<a href="/genesis/30.htm">Genesis 30:1-8</a>). The use of the word "viciously" underscores the intensity of the emotional pain and social pressure Hannah faced.<p><b>to taunt her</b><br>The act of taunting highlights the personal and emotional suffering Hannah endured. This taunting was not just a personal attack but also a public humiliation, as childlessness was a visible and socially significant issue. The narrative invites readers to empathize with Hannah's plight and her perseverance in faith despite her circumstances. This theme of enduring faith in the face of adversity is echoed in other biblical figures, such as Job, who remained faithful despite severe trials (<a href="/job/1-21.htm">Job 1:21-22</a>). Hannah's response to her situation, turning to God in prayer, foreshadows the New Testament teaching of casting all anxieties on God (<a href="/1_peter/5-7.htm">1 Peter 5:7</a>).<div class="vheading2">Persons / Places / Events</div>1. <b><a href="/topical/h/hannah.htm">Hannah</a></b><br>A devout woman who was deeply loved by her husband Elkanah but was barren. Her account is central to the opening chapters of 1 Samuel.<br><br>2. <b><a href="/topical/p/peninnah.htm">Peninnah</a></b><br>Elkanah's other wife, who had children. She is described as Hannah's rival and often provoked Hannah due to her barrenness.<br><br>3. <b><a href="/topical/e/elkanah.htm">Elkanah</a></b><br>The husband of both Hannah and Peninnah. He is portrayed as a caring husband, especially towards Hannah.<br><br>4. <b><a href="/topical/s/shiloh.htm">Shiloh</a></b><br>The religious center where the tabernacle was located during this period. It is where Elkanah and his family went to worship and sacrifice to the LORD.<br><br>5. <b><a href="/topical/t/the_lord.htm">The LORD</a></b><br>The sovereign God of Israel, who, according to the text, had closed Hannah's womb, setting the stage for the events that follow.<div class="vheading2">Teaching Points</div><b><a href="/topical/g/god's_sovereignty_in_our_circumstances.htm">God's Sovereignty in Our Circumstances</a></b><br>Recognize that God is in control, even in difficult situations. Hannah's barrenness was not outside of God's plan, and He used it for a greater purpose.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/r/responding_to_provocation_with_faith.htm">Responding to Provocation with Faith</a></b><br>Hannah's response to Peninnah's taunts was not retaliation but turning to God in prayer. This teaches us to handle adversity with faith and prayer.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/t/the_power_of_persistent_prayer.htm">The Power of Persistent Prayer</a></b><br>Hannah's account encourages believers to persist in prayer, trusting that God hears and will respond in His timing.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/u/understanding_god's_timing.htm">Understanding God's Timing</a></b><br>God's timing is perfect, even when it seems delayed. Hannah's eventual blessing of a child came at the right time for God's purposes.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/d/dealing_with_rivalry_and_jealousy.htm">Dealing with Rivalry and Jealousy</a></b><br>The account highlights the destructive nature of rivalry and jealousy, urging believers to seek peace and understanding in relationships.<div class="vheading2">Lists and Questions</div><a href="/top10/lessons_from_1_samuel_1.htm">Top 10 Lessons from 1 Samuel 1</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/elkanah's_polygamy_vs._later_monogamy.htm">How does Elkanah’s polygamous marriage in 1 Samuel 1:2 align or conflict with later biblical teachings on monogamy? </a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/why_allow_concubines_in_the_bible.htm">Why did God permit concubines in the Bible?</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/does_hannah's_story_conflict_with_medicine.htm">Does attributing Hannah's childlessness and eventual conception to divine intervention (1 Samuel 1:5, 19-20) conflict with modern medical understanding?</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/why_did_hannah_conceive_after_infertility.htm">How can Hannah's sudden pregnancy in 1 Samuel 1:5, 20 be explained given her long-term infertility?</a><a name="commentary" id="commentary"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/ellicott/1_samuel/1.htm">Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers</a></div>(6) <span class= "bld">And her adversary also provoked her sore.</span>--Jealousy, grief, anger, malice, the many bitter fruits of this way of living, so different to God's original appointment, here show themselves. The one sin of polygamy poisons the whole home life of the family, in all other respects apparently a quiet, Godfearing, orderly household.<p><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/pulpit/1_samuel/1.htm">Pulpit Commentary</a></div><span class="cmt_sub_title">Verses 6, 7, 8.</span> - <span class="cmt_word">Her adversary also provoked her sore.</span> The pleasure of this domestic festival was spoiled by the discord of the wives. Peninnah, triumphant in her fruitfulness, is yet Hannah's adversary, because, in spite of her barrenness, she has the larger portion of the husband's love; while Hannah is so sorely vexed at the taunts of her rival, that she weeps from sheer vexation. In vain Elkanah tries to give her comfort. The husband really is not "better than ten sons," for the joy of motherhood is quite distinct from that of conjugal affection, and especially to a Hebrew woman, who had special hopes from which she was cut off by barrenness. In ver. 7 there is a strange confusion of subject, owing to the first verb having been read as an active instead of a passive. It should be, "And so it happened year by year: when she (Hannah) went up to the house of Jehovah she (Peninnah) thus provoked her, and she wept and did not eat." It must be remembered that the Hebrews had no written vowels, but only consonants; the vowels were added in Christian times, many centuries after the coming of our Lord, and represent the traditional manner of reading of one great Jewish school. They are to be treated with the greatest respect, because as a rule they give us a sense confirmed by the best authorities; but they are human, and form no part of Holy Scripture. The ancient versions, the Septuagint, the Syriac, and the Vulgate, which are all three older than the Masoretic vowels, translate, "And so she (Peninnah) did year by year;" but this requires a slight change of the consonants. <p> <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/commentaries/1_samuel/1-6.htm">Parallel Commentaries ...</a></span><span class="p"><br /><br /><br /></span><a name="lexicon" id="lexicon"></a><div class="vheading">Hebrew</div><span class="word">Because</span><br /><span class="heb">כִּֽי־</span> <span class="translit">(kî-)</span><br /><span class="parse">Conjunction<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3588.htm">Strong's 3588: </a> </span><span class="str2">A relative conjunction</span><br /><br /><span class="word">the LORD</span><br /><span class="heb">יְהוָ֖ה</span> <span class="translit">(Yah·weh)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - proper - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3068.htm">Strong's 3068: </a> </span><span class="str2">LORD -- the proper name of the God of Israel</span><br /><br /><span class="word">had closed</span><br /><span class="heb">סָגַ֥ר</span> <span class="translit">(sā·ḡar)</span><br /><span class="parse">Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_5462.htm">Strong's 5462: </a> </span><span class="str2">To shut up, to surrender</span><br /><br /><span class="word">[Hannah's] womb,</span><br /><span class="heb">רַחְמָֽהּ׃</span> <span class="translit">(raḥ·māh)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - masculine singular construct | third person feminine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_7358.htm">Strong's 7358: </a> </span><span class="str2">The womb </span><br /><br /><span class="word">her rival</span><br /><span class="heb">צָֽרָתָהּ֙</span> <span class="translit">(ṣā·rā·ṯāh)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - feminine singular construct | third person feminine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_6869.htm">Strong's 6869: </a> </span><span class="str2">Tightness, a female rival</span><br /><br /><span class="word">would provoke her</span><br /><span class="heb">הַרְּעִמָ֑הּ</span> <span class="translit">(har·rə·‘i·māh)</span><br /><span class="parse">Verb - Hifil - Infinitive construct | third person feminine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_7481.htm">Strong's 7481: </a> </span><span class="str2">To tumble, be violently agitated, to crash, to irritate</span><br /><br /><span class="word">and taunt her</span><br /><span class="heb">וְכִֽעֲסַ֤תָּה</span> <span class="translit">(wə·ḵi·‘ă·sat·tāh)</span><br /><span class="parse">Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Conjunctive perfect - third person feminine singular | third person feminine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3707.htm">Strong's 3707: </a> </span><span class="str2">To trouble, to grieve, rage, be indignant</span><br /><br /><span class="word">severely.</span><br /><span class="heb">כַּ֔עַס</span> <span class="translit">(ka·‘as)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3708.htm">Strong's 3708: </a> </span><span class="str2">Vexation, anger</span><br /><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><div class="vheading">Links</div><a href="/niv/1_samuel/1-6.htm">1 Samuel 1:6 NIV</a><br /><a href="/nlt/1_samuel/1-6.htm">1 Samuel 1:6 NLT</a><br /><a href="/esv/1_samuel/1-6.htm">1 Samuel 1:6 ESV</a><br /><a href="/nasb/1_samuel/1-6.htm">1 Samuel 1:6 NASB</a><br /><a href="/kjv/1_samuel/1-6.htm">1 Samuel 1:6 KJV</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="//bibleapps.com/1_samuel/1-6.htm">1 Samuel 1:6 BibleApps.com</a><br /><a href="//bibliaparalela.com/1_samuel/1-6.htm">1 Samuel 1:6 Biblia Paralela</a><br /><a href="//holybible.com.cn/1_samuel/1-6.htm">1 Samuel 1:6 Chinese Bible</a><br /><a href="//saintebible.com/1_samuel/1-6.htm">1 Samuel 1:6 French Bible</a><br /><a href="/catholic/1_samuel/1-6.htm">1 Samuel 1:6 Catholic Bible</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/1_samuel/1-6.htm">OT History: 1 Samuel 1:6 Her rival provoked her sore to make (1Sa iSam 1 Sam i sa) </a></div></div></td></tr></table></div><div id="left"><a href="/1_samuel/1-5.htm" onmouseover='lft.src="/leftgif.png"' onmouseout='lft.src="/left.png"' title="1 Samuel 1:5"><img src="/left.png" name="lft" border="0" alt="1 Samuel 1:5" /></a></div><div id="right"><a href="/1_samuel/1-7.htm" onmouseover='rght.src="/rightgif.png"' onmouseout='rght.src="/right.png"' title="1 Samuel 1:7"><img src="/right.png" name="rght" border="0" alt="1 Samuel 1:7" /></a></div><div id="botleft"><a href="#" onmouseover='botleft.src="/botleftgif.png"' onmouseout='botleft.src="/botleft.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botleft.png" name="botleft" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="botright"><a href="#" onmouseover='botright.src="/botrightgif.png"' onmouseout='botright.src="/botright.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botright.png" name="botright" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="bot"><iframe width="100%" height="1500" scrolling="no" src="/botmenubhnew2.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></div></td></tr></table></div></body></html>