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class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Noter" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Noter"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Noter</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Noter-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vidare_läsning" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vidare_läsning"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Vidare läsning</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vidare_läsning-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Externa_länkar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Externa_länkar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Externa länkar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Externa_länkar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Innehåll" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Växla innehållsförteckningen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Växla innehållsförteckningen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Al fresco</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gå till en artikel på ett annat språk. Tillgänglig på 73 språk" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-73" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">73 språk</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fresko" title="Fresko – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Fresko" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fresko" title="Fresko – schweizertyska" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Fresko" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="schweizertyska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%B1_%D8%AC%D8%B5%D9%8A" title="تصوير جصي – arabiska" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="تصوير جصي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freska" title="Freska – azerbajdzjanska" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Freska" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbajdzjanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AB%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8B" title="ফ্রেস্কো – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ফ্রেস্কো" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Фрэска – belarusiska" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Фрэска" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarusiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Фрэска – belarusiska (tarasjkevitsa)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Фрэска" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="belarusiska (tarasjkevitsa)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81" title="Стенопис – bulgariska" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Стенопис" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgariska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freska" title="Freska – bosniska" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Freska" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pintura_al_fresc" title="Pintura al fresc – katalanska" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Pintura al fresc" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freska" title="Freska – tjeckiska" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Freska" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tjeckiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fresko" title="Fresko – danska" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Fresko" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fresko" title="Fresko – tyska" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Fresko" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tyska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fresko" title="Fresko – estniska" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Fresko" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estniska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9D%CF%89%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%B3%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%86%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Νωπογραφία – grekiska" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Νωπογραφία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grekiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fresco" title="Fresco – engelska" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Fresco" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engelska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fresco" title="Fresco – spanska" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Fresco" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fresko" title="Fresko – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Fresko" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fresko" title="Fresko – baskiska" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Fresko" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%B3%DA%A9%D9%88" title="فرسکو – persiska" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="فرسکو" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fresque" title="Fresque – franska" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Fresque" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fresc" title="Fresc – friulianska" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Fresc" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="friulianska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freasc%C3%B3" title="Freascó – iriska" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Freascó" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="iriska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fresco" title="Fresco – galiciska" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Fresco" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiciska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%94%84%EB%A0%88%EC%8A%A4%EC%BD%94" title="프레스코 – koreanska" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="프레스코" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%96%D6%80%D5%A5%D5%BD%D5%AF%D5%B8" title="Ֆրեսկո – armeniska" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ֆրեսկո" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeniska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freska" title="Freska – kroatiska" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Freska" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroatiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fresko" title="Fresko – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Fresko" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fresko" title="Fresko – indonesiska" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Fresko" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freska" title="Freska – isländska" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Freska" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="isländska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affresco" title="Affresco – italienska" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Affresco" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italienska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%A1%D7%A7%D7%95" title="פרסקו – hebreiska" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פרסקו" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A4%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%A1%E1%83%99%E1%83%90" title="ფრესკა – georgiska" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ფრესკა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Фреска – kazakiska" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Фреска" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazakiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mchoro_wa_ukutani" title="Mchoro wa ukutani – swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Mchoro wa ukutani" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Фреска – kirgiziska" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Фреска" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgiziska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opus_tectorium" title="Opus tectorium – latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Opus tectorium" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freska" title="Freska – lettiska" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Freska" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lettiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freskemolerei" title="Freskemolerei – luxemburgiska" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Freskemolerei" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxemburgiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freska" title="Freska – litauiska" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Freska" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litauiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fresco" title="Fresco – limburgiska" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Fresco" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburgiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fresk%C3%B3" title="Freskó – ungerska" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Freskó" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungerska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81" title="Фрескопис – makedonska" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Фрескопис" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%83%D9%88" title="الفريسكو – egyptisk arabiska" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="الفريسكو" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="egyptisk arabiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fresco_(schilderterm)" title="Fresco (schilderterm) – nederländska" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Fresco (schilderterm)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederländska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%83%AC%E3%82%B9%E3%82%B3" title="フレスコ – japanska" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="フレスコ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freskomaleri" title="Freskomaleri – norskt bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Freskomaleri" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norskt bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freskom%C3%A5leri" title="Freskomåleri – nynorska" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Freskomåleri" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="nynorska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fresca" title="Fresca – occitanska" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Fresca" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fresk" title="Fresk – polska" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Fresk" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afresco" title="Afresco – portugisiska" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Afresco" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugisiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fresc%C4%83" title="Frescă – rumänska" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Frescă" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumänska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Фреска – rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Фреска" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Фреска – ryska" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Фреска" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ryska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Фреска – jakutiska" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Фреска" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="jakutiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fr%C3%A4sko" title="Fräsko – saterfrisiska" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Fräsko" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="saterfrisiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afresku" title="Afresku – albanska" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Afresku" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fresco" title="Fresco – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Fresco" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freska" title="Freska – slovakiska" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Freska" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovakiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freska" title="Freska – slovenska" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Freska" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovenska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%DB%8E%D8%B3%DA%A9%DB%86" title="فرێسکۆ – centralkurdiska" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="فرێسکۆ" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="centralkurdiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Фреска – serbiska" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Фреска" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freska" title="Freska – serbokroatiska" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Freska" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbokroatiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fresko" title="Fresko – finska" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Fresko" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fresco" title="Fresco – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Fresco" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%88_%E0%AE%93%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="சுதை ஓவியம் – tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="சுதை ஓவியம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asugnalus" title="Asugnalus – kabyliska" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Asugnalus" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="kabyliska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fresk" title="Fresk – turkiska" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Fresk" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turkiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Фреска – ukrainska" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Фреска" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%ADch_h%E1%BB%8Da" title="Bích họa – vietnamesiska" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Bích họa" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B9%BF%E5%A3%81%E7%94%BB" title="湿壁画 – wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="湿壁画" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%BF%95%E5%A3%81%E7%95%AB" title="濕壁畫 – kantonesiska" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="濕壁畫" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%BF%95%E5%A3%81%E7%95%AB" title="濕壁畫 – kinesiska" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="濕壁畫" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kinesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q134194#sitelinks-wikipedia" 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<button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">dölj</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Från Wikipedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="sv" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Pompeiii.Europa.iFresco.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Pompeiii.Europa.iFresco.jpg/190px-Pompeiii.Europa.iFresco.jpg" decoding="async" width="190" height="248" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dd/Pompeiii.Europa.iFresco.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="268" data-file-height="350" /></a><figcaption><i>Europa och tjuren</i>, fresk i <a href="/wiki/Pompeji" title="Pompeji">Pompeji</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:%22The_School_of_Athens%22_by_Raffaello_Sanzio_da_Urbino.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/%22The_School_of_Athens%22_by_Raffaello_Sanzio_da_Urbino.jpg/190px-%22The_School_of_Athens%22_by_Raffaello_Sanzio_da_Urbino.jpg" decoding="async" width="190" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/%22The_School_of_Athens%22_by_Raffaello_Sanzio_da_Urbino.jpg/285px-%22The_School_of_Athens%22_by_Raffaello_Sanzio_da_Urbino.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/%22The_School_of_Athens%22_by_Raffaello_Sanzio_da_Urbino.jpg/380px-%22The_School_of_Athens%22_by_Raffaello_Sanzio_da_Urbino.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3820" data-file-height="2964" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/Skolan_i_Aten" title="Skolan i Aten">Skolan i Aten</a> (Scuola di Atene)</i><br />Fresk (1509–1511) av <a href="/wiki/Rafael_(konstn%C3%A4r)" title="Rafael (konstnär)">Rafael</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Michelangelo_-_Fresco_of_the_Last_Judgement.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Michelangelo_-_Fresco_of_the_Last_Judgement.jpg/190px-Michelangelo_-_Fresco_of_the_Last_Judgement.jpg" decoding="async" width="190" height="226" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Michelangelo_-_Fresco_of_the_Last_Judgement.jpg/285px-Michelangelo_-_Fresco_of_the_Last_Judgement.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Michelangelo_-_Fresco_of_the_Last_Judgement.jpg/380px-Michelangelo_-_Fresco_of_the_Last_Judgement.jpg 2x" data-file-width="660" data-file-height="786" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Yttersta_domen_(Michelangelo)" title="Yttersta domen (Michelangelo)">Yttersta domen</a>, från 1534–1541, i <a href="/wiki/Sixtinska_kapellet" title="Sixtinska kapellet">Sixtinska kapellet</a> i <a href="/wiki/Vatikanstaten" title="Vatikanstaten">Vatikanen</a>, fresk av <a href="/wiki/Michelangelo" title="Michelangelo">Michelangelo</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Sofia_kyrka_inne_2010a.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Sofia_kyrka_inne_2010a.jpg/190px-Sofia_kyrka_inne_2010a.jpg" decoding="async" width="190" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Sofia_kyrka_inne_2010a.jpg/285px-Sofia_kyrka_inne_2010a.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Sofia_kyrka_inne_2010a.jpg/380px-Sofia_kyrka_inne_2010a.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2823" data-file-height="2001" /></a><figcaption>Fresk av <a href="/wiki/Hilding_Linnqvist" title="Hilding Linnqvist">Hilding Linnqvist</a> i <a href="/wiki/Sofia_kyrka" title="Sofia kyrka">Sofia kyrka</a> i Stockholm</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Al fresco</b>-målning, även <i>affresco</i> eller <i>freskoteknik</i>, är <a href="/wiki/Muralm%C3%A5lning" title="Muralmålning">muralmålning</a> utförd på färsk, fortfarande fuktig <a href="/wiki/Kalkputs" class="mw-redirect" title="Kalkputs">kalkputs</a>. Termen <i>al fresco</i> kommer från <a href="/wiki/Italienska" title="Italienska">italienskan</a>, med samma betydelse, och direktöversätts till <i>"på det färska"</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dess motsats är <i><a href="/wiki/Al_secco" title="Al secco">al secco</a></i>, eller <i>seccoteknik</i>, där kalkputsen först har fått härda, eller torka. </p><p>Med freskoteknik används pulvriserat <a href="/wiki/F%C3%A4rgpigment" class="mw-redirect" title="Färgpigment">färgpigment</a> blandat med vatten, som målas direkt på fuktig, nylagd kalkputs. Den rena freskotekniken, även kallad <i><b>buon fresco</b></i>, är den mest hållbara tekniken. Underlaget byggs först upp med ett par lager kalkputs över hela ytan. Det lager man målar på, kallat <i>intonaco</i>, är en extra fin puts, som stryks ut över just det område man avser klara av under dagen, kallat <i>giornata</i>, eftersom målningen inte kan ändras efter det att putsen härdat. </p><p>Med freskotekniken kommer pigmentpartiklarna att omges av de kristaller som bildas av kalken när den härdar, vilket ger ett mer hållbart resultat än vid seccoteknik. Hållbarheten förutsätter dock att pigmenten är kalkäkta, det vill säga klarar av kalkens basiska miljö. </p><p><b>Mezzo fresco</b> (ungefär <i>halvfärskt</i>) är en variant av freskotekniken, där intonacon, kalkputsunderlaget man målar på, har kommit längre i härdningen än vid buon fresco och bara har en liten fuktighet kvar. När pigmenten stryks på kommer de därmed inte lika långt in i putsen, vilket ger en annan effekt.<sup id="cite_ref-ngScotland_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ngScotland-2"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-corkFresco_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-corkFresco-3"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> En viktig fördel med mezzo frescco-tekniken är att den ger konstnären längre tid. Större partier kan då färdigställas samtidigt, så att man får en mer sammanhållen målning utan skarvar.<sup id="cite_ref-context_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-context-4"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Metoden blev populär under <a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A4ssansen" title="Renässansen">renässansen</a> och vid början av 1600-talet hade den i stort sett ersatt buon fresco.<sup id="cite_ref-context_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-context-4"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-corkFresco_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-corkFresco-3"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historik">Historik</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Al_fresco&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Redigera avsnitt: Historik" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Al_fresco&action=edit&section=1" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Historik"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Freskomålning förekom inom <a href="/wiki/Egeisk_kultur" title="Egeisk kultur">egeisk kultur</a> och senare i <a href="/wiki/Etruskisk_konst" title="Etruskisk konst">etruskisk konst</a>, liksom i <a href="/wiki/Antikens_Grekland" title="Antikens Grekland">antikens Grekland</a> och i <a href="/wiki/Romerska_riket" title="Romerska riket">romerska riket</a>, där väggmålningar i <a href="/wiki/Pompeji" title="Pompeji">Pompeji</a> utgör exempel.<sup id="cite_ref-Grove_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Grove-5"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>I Europa dominerade freskotekniken på många håll under <a href="/wiki/Medeltiden" title="Medeltiden">medeltiden</a>, särskilt under <a href="/wiki/Romansk_stil" title="Romansk stil">romansk</a> tid. I Norden ses bevarade romanska freskomålningar främst i kyrkor från tidig <a href="/wiki/Medeltida_kyrkom%C3%A5lningar_i_Danmark" title="Medeltida kyrkomålningar i Danmark">dansk medeltid</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-kalkmalerier_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kalkmalerier-6"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Söder om <a href="/wiki/Alperna" title="Alperna">Alperna</a> fortsatte freskotekniken att dominera även under den senare medeltiden, medan man i nordligare områden i allmänhet gick över till seccoteknik under <a href="/wiki/Gotik" title="Gotik">gotiken</a>, från mitten av 1200-talet.<sup id="cite_ref-np_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-np-8"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-kalkmalerier_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kalkmalerier-6"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Wienberg_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wienberg-9"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Under 1900-talet togs al fresco-tekniken upp i Sverige av bland andra <a href="/wiki/Hilding_Linnqvist" title="Hilding Linnqvist">Hilding Linnqvist</a> och <a href="/wiki/Sven_Erixson" title="Sven Erixson">Sven Erixson</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Freskomålare_i_urval"><span id="Freskom.C3.A5lare_i_urval"></span>Freskomålare i urval</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Al_fresco&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Redigera avsnitt: Freskomålare i urval" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Al_fresco&action=edit&section=2" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Freskomålare i urval"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r54800189">.mw-parser-output .mall-kolumner2{column-width:16em;column-count:3}.mw-parser-output .mall-kolumner2.med-bredd{column-count:auto}.mw-parser-output .mall-kolumner2>:first-child{margin-top:0}</style> <div class="mall-kolumner2 utan-bredd med-antal" style="column-count:3;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fra_Angelico" title="Fra Angelico">Fra Angelico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giotto_di_Bondone" title="Giotto di Bondone">Giotto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michelangelo" title="Michelangelo">Michelangelo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elof_Risebye" title="Elof Risebye">Elof Risebye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diego_Rivera" title="Diego Rivera">Diego Rivera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rafael_(konstn%C3%A4r)" title="Rafael (konstnär)">Rafael</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pietro_da_Cortona" title="Pietro da Cortona">Pietro da Cortona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piero_della_Francesca" title="Piero della Francesca">Piero della Francesca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandro_Botticelli" title="Sandro Botticelli">Sandro Botticelli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torsten_Billman" title="Torsten Billman">Torsten Billman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Larsson" title="Carl Larsson">Carl Larsson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prins_Eugen" class="mw-redirect" title="Prins Eugen">Prins Eugen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sven_Erixson" title="Sven Erixson">Sven Erixson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hilding_Linnqvist" title="Hilding Linnqvist">Hilding Linnqvist</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Se_även"><span id="Se_.C3.A4ven"></span>Se även</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Al_fresco&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Redigera avsnitt: Se även" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Al_fresco&action=edit&section=3" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Se även"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stucco_lustro" title="Stucco lustro">Stucco lustro</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Källor"><span id="K.C3.A4llor"></span>Källor</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Al_fresco&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Redigera avsnitt: Källor" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Al_fresco&action=edit&section=4" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Källor"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Kalkmålning i <a href="/wiki/Bonniers_lexikon" title="Bonniers lexikon">Bonniers lexikon</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Noter">Noter</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Al_fresco&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Redigera avsnitt: Noter" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Al_fresco&action=edit&section=5" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Noter"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://svenska.se/saob/?id=A_0787-0267.Py55&pz=7">alfresko</a>, Svenska Akademiens ordbok. Läst 25 maj 2021.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ngScotland-2"><a href="#cite_ref-ngScotland_2-0">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nationalgalleries.org/art-and-artists/glossary-terms/fresco">Fresco</a>, National Galleries of Scotland. Läst 11 maj 2021.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-corkFresco-3">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-corkFresco_3-0"><small>a</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-corkFresco_3-1"><small>b</small></a>] <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.visual-arts-cork.com/painting/fresco.htm">Fresco Painting</a>, <i>visual-arts-cork.com</i>. Läst 11 maj 2021.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-context-4">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-context_4-0"><small>a</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-context_4-1"><small>b</small></a>] <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://artincontext.org/fresco-painting/#Mezzo_Fresco_Painting_Techniques">Fresco Painting – A Close Look at Fresco Art, Paintings, and Techniques</a>, <i>Art in Context</i>, 11 maj 2021.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Grove-5"><a href="#cite_ref-Grove_5-0">^</a> <span class="reference-text">Gerald W. R. Ward (red.), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.se/books?id=mkJfbdTS--UC&pg=PA735&lpg=PA735">The Grove Encyclopedia of Materials and Techniques in Art: Wall painting</a>, Oxford University Press, 2008. Läst 25 maj 2021.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-kalkmalerier-6">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-kalkmalerier_6-0"><small>a</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kalkmalerier_6-1"><small>b</small></a>] <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kalkmalerier.dk/page.php?page=Kalkmalerier">Lidt om kalkmalerier</a>, <i>Kalkmalerier.dk</i> Läst 25 maj 2021.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a> <span class="reference-text">Pia Bengtsson Melin. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kulturarvsdata.se/raa/fornvannen/html/2013_249">Nyframtagna romanska målningar i Marka kyrka i Västergötland</a>, <i>Fornvännen</i> 2013, s. 249-256. Läst 25 maj 2021.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-np-8"><a href="#cite_ref-np_8-0">^</a> <span class="reference-text">George O'Hanlon (1 juni 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.naturalpigments.com/artist-materials/history-technique-fresco-painting/">History and Technique of Fresco Painting</a>, Natural Pigments. Läst 25 maj 2021.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Wienberg-9"><a href="#cite_ref-Wienberg_9-0">^</a> <span class="reference-text">Jes Wienberg (1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://portal.research.lu.se/portal/sv/publications/den-gotiske-labyrint(7d299691-9588-4f7a-a0d1-5f86e5794d1a).html">Den gotiske labyrint: Middelalderen og kirkerne i Danmark</a>, Lunds universitet, Almqvist & Wiksell, <a href="/wiki/Special:Bokk%C3%A4llor/91-22-01555-8" title="Special:Bokkällor/91-22-01555-8">ISBN 91-22-01555-8</a>. Läst 25 maj 2021.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vidare_läsning"><span id="Vidare_l.C3.A4sning"></span>Vidare läsning</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Al_fresco&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Redigera avsnitt: Vidare läsning" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Al_fresco&action=edit&section=6" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Vidare läsning"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Erik Lindholm: <i>Kalkmålningsteknik: al fresco, <a href="/wiki/Al_secco" title="Al secco">al secco</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stucco_lustro" title="Stucco lustro">stucco lustro</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sgraffito" title="Sgraffito">sgraffito</a></i>, Kungliga Konsthögskolan, Stockholm 1992</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Externa_länkar"><span id="Externa_l.C3.A4nkar"></span>Externa länkar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Al_fresco&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Redigera avsnitt: Externa länkar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Al_fresco&action=edit&section=7" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Externa länkar"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/15px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/23px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> Wikimedia Commons har media som rör <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Frescos" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Frescos">Al fresco</a>.<div class="interProject commons" style="display:none;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Frescos" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Frescos">Bilder & media</a></div></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Hämtad från ”<a dir="ltr" href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Al_fresco&oldid=54620291">https://sv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Al_fresco&oldid=54620291</a>”</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kategorier" title="Wikipedia:Kategorier">Kategorier</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Konsttermer" title="Kategori:Konsttermer">Konsttermer</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:M%C3%A5leritekniker" title="Kategori:Måleritekniker">Måleritekniker</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Italienska_ord_och_uttryck" title="Kategori:Italienska ord och uttryck">Italienska ord och uttryck</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Sidan redigerades senast den 16 april 2024 kl. 13.21.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Wikipedias text är tillgänglig under licensen <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.sv">Creative Commons Erkännande-dela-lika 4.0 Unported</a>. 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