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rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><table class="sidebar nomobile" style="width:16em"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Hong_Kong" title="Geography of Hong Kong">Geography of Hong Kong</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align: left"> <div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_places_in_Hong_Kong" title="List of places in Hong Kong">Areas (Neighbourhoods)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_buildings_and_structures_in_Hong_Kong" title="List of buildings and structures in Hong Kong">Buildings and structures</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tallest_buildings_in_Hong_Kong" title="List of tallest buildings in Hong Kong">Tallest buildings</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_towns_in_Hong_Kong" title="List of towns in Hong Kong">Cities and towns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_in_Hong_Kong" title="Conservation in Hong Kong">Conservation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Declared_monuments_of_Hong_Kong" title="Declared monuments of Hong Kong">Declared monuments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environment_of_Hong_Kong" title="Environment of Hong Kong">Environment</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Air_pollution_in_Hong_Kong" title="Air pollution in Hong Kong">Air pollution</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geology_of_Hong_Kong" title="Geology of Hong Kong">Geology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mountains,_peaks_and_hills_in_Hong_Kong" title="List of mountains, peaks and hills in Hong Kong">Mountains, peaks, and hills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_urban_public_parks_and_gardens_in_Hong_Kong" title="List of urban public parks and gardens in Hong Kong">Urban parks and gardens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plains_of_Hong_Kong" title="Plains of Hong Kong">Plains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_villages_in_Hong_Kong" title="List of villages in Hong Kong">Villages</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Water</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align: left"> <div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_bays_in_Hong_Kong" title="List of bays in Hong Kong">Bays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beaches_of_Hong_Kong" title="Beaches of Hong Kong">Beaches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_channels_in_Hong_Kong" title="List of channels in Hong Kong">Channels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_harbours_in_Hong_Kong" title="List of harbours in Hong Kong">Harbours</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_and_peninsulas_of_Hong_Kong" title="List of islands and peninsulas of Hong Kong">Islands and peninsulas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_reservoirs_of_Hong_Kong" title="List of reservoirs of Hong Kong">Reservoirs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marine_parks_in_Hong_Kong" title="Marine parks in Hong Kong">Marine parks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_and_nullahs_in_Hong_Kong" title="List of rivers and nullahs in Hong Kong">Rivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wetlands_of_Hong_Kong" title="Wetlands of Hong Kong">Wetlands</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Other Hong Kong topics</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Hong_Kong" title="Culture of Hong Kong">Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Hong_Kong" title="Economy of Hong Kong">Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Hong_Kong" title="Education in Hong Kong">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Hong_Kong" title="History of Hong Kong">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Hong_Kong" title="Politics of Hong Kong">Politics</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below"> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Hong_Kong" title="Portal:Hong Kong">Hong Kong Portal</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p><p>In the densely populated Hong Kong, waste is a complex issue.<sup id="cite_ref-Worldwide_Waste_Journal_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Worldwide_Waste_Journal-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The territory generates around 6.4 million tons of waste each year<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but is able to collect and process only a minimal portion of recyclable waste.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By 2019, its existing <a href="/wiki/Landfill" title="Landfill">landfills</a> are expected to be full.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Hong_Kong" title="Government of Hong Kong">The government</a> has introduced <a href="/wiki/Waste_management" title="Waste management">waste management</a> schemes and is working to educate the public on the subject. On the commercial side, producers are taking up measures to reduce waste. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Statistics">Statistics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waste_management_in_Hong_Kong&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Statistics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Hong Kong EPD (<a href="/wiki/Environmental_Protection_Department" title="Environmental Protection Department">Environmental Protection Department</a>) provides data and statistics about waste management.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Waste_management_process">Waste management process</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waste_management_in_Hong_Kong&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Waste management process"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In Hong Kong, wastes generated can be categorised as municipal <a href="/wiki/Solid_waste" class="mw-redirect" title="Solid waste">solid waste</a>, <a href="/wiki/Construction_and_demolition_waste" class="mw-redirect" title="Construction and demolition waste">construction and demolition waste</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chemical_waste" title="Chemical waste">chemical waste</a> and other special waste, including: <a href="/wiki/Clinical_waste" class="mw-redirect" title="Clinical waste">clinical waste</a>, <a href="/wiki/Carrion" title="Carrion">animal carcasses</a>, livestock waste, <a href="/wiki/Radioactive_waste" title="Radioactive waste">radioactive waste</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sewage_sludge" title="Sewage sludge">grease trap waste and waterworks/sewage sludges</a>. According to a 2016 report from <a href="/wiki/Waste_Atlas" title="Waste Atlas">Waste Atlas</a>, waste generation in Hong Kong is around 6.4 million <a href="/wiki/Tonnes" class="mw-redirect" title="Tonnes">tonnes</a> per year or 900 kg/cap/year.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>   </p><p>Wastes in Hong Kong are first collected from disposal bins to refuse transfer stations (RTS). After they are compacted and put in containers, they are delivered to disposal lands or recycling centers. </p><p>There are hundreds of collectors in the territory where wastes are located before transferring to refuse transfer stations.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are seven <a href="/w/index.php?title=Refuse_transfer_stations&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Refuse transfer stations (page does not exist)">refuse transfer stations</a> in the territory. They serve as centralised collection points for the transfer of waste to the strategic landfills.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Landfills">Landfills</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waste_management_in_Hong_Kong&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Landfills"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Operated by the EPD,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (March 2021)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> the landfill sites only accept garbage from Hong Kong. Thirteen of 16 landfills were closed from 1988 to 1996. Starting from 6 January 2016, the South East New Territories Landfill (SENT) will only receive construction waste.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers"><span title="The date of the event predicted near this tag has passed. (March 2021)">needs update</span></a></i>]</sup> Hong Kong has three strategic landfills in use. All are located in the <a href="/wiki/New_Territories" title="New Territories">New Territories</a>:<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Indeterminate_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Indeterminate-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Landfill </th> <th>Location </th> <th>Area (ha) </th> <th>Opened </th> <th>Capacity </th> <th>Status </th></tr> <tr> <td>West New Territories Landfill (WENT) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nim_Wan" title="Nim Wan">Nim Wan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tuen_Mun" title="Tuen Mun">Tuen Mun</a> </td> <td>110 </td> <td>1993 </td> <td>61 million m³ </td> <td>Active (Full by 2018/2019) </td></tr> <tr> <td>South East New Territories Landfill (SENT) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tseung_Kwan_O_New_Town" class="mw-redirect" title="Tseung Kwan O New Town">Tseung Kwan O</a> </td> <td>100 </td> <td>1994 </td> <td>43 </td> <td>Active (Full by ?) </td></tr> <tr> <td>North East New Territories Landfill (NENT) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ta_Kwu_Ling" title="Ta Kwu Ling">Ta Kwu Ling</a>, <a href="/wiki/North_District_(Hong_Kong)" class="mw-redirect" title="North District (Hong Kong)">North District</a> </td> <td>61 </td> <td>1995 </td> <td>35 </td> <td>Active (Full by 2016/2017) </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Closed_landfills">Closed landfills</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waste_management_in_Hong_Kong&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Closed landfills"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There are also 13 closed landfills.<sup id="cite_ref-sc.info.gov.hk_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sc.info.gov.hk-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The closed landfills are converted into facilities such as golf courses, multi-purpose grass pitches, rest gardens, and ecological parks. Greenhouse gases emitted from closed landfills are used for energy. The closed landfills are:<sup id="cite_ref-Indeterminate_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Indeterminate-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-sc.info.gov.hk_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sc.info.gov.hk-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Landfill </th> <th>Location </th> <th>Area (ha) </th> <th>Opened </th> <th>Capacity </th> <th>Status </th> <th>Rehab period </th> <th>Current use </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Gin_Drinkers_Bay" class="mw-redirect" title="Gin Drinkers Bay">Gin Drinkers Bay</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kwai_Chung" title="Kwai Chung">Kwai Chung</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kwai_Tsing_District" title="Kwai Tsing District">Kwai Tsing District</a> </td> <td>29 </td> <td>1960 </td> <td>3.5 million tonnes </td> <td>Closed </td> <td>1999–2000 </td> <td>now <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kwai_Chung_Park&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kwai Chung Park (page does not exist)">Kwai Chung Park</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ngau_Tam_Mei" title="Ngau Tam Mei">Ngau Tam Mei</a> </td> <td>Tam Mei, <a href="/wiki/Yuen_Long_District" title="Yuen Long District">Yuen Long District</a> </td> <td>2 </td> <td>1973 </td> <td>0.15 million tonnes </td> <td>Closed </td> <td>1999–2000 </td> <td>Green Belt </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Plover_Cove" title="Plover Cove">Plover Cove</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tai_Mei_Tuk" title="Tai Mei Tuk">Tai Mei Tuk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tai_Po_District" title="Tai Po District">Tai Po District</a> </td> <td>50 </td> <td>1973 </td> <td>15 million tonnes </td> <td>Closed </td> <td>1996–1997 </td> <td>golf driving range </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ma_Tso_Lung" title="Ma Tso Lung">Ma Tso Lung</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kwu_Tung" title="Kwu Tung">Kwu Tong</a>, <a href="/wiki/North_District,_Hong_Kong" title="North District, Hong Kong">North District</a> </td> <td>2 </td> <td>1976 </td> <td>0.2 million tonnes </td> <td>Closed </td> <td>1999–2000 </td> <td>recreation centre for <a href="/wiki/Tung_Wah_Group_of_Hospitals" title="Tung Wah Group of Hospitals">Tung Wah Group of Hospitals</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ngau_Chi_Wan" title="Ngau Chi Wan">Ngau Chi Wan</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Wong_Tai_Sin_District" title="Wong Tai Sin District">Wong Tai Sin District</a> </td> <td>8 </td> <td>1976 </td> <td>0.7 million tonnes </td> <td>Closed </td> <td>1997–1998 </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ngau_Chi_Wan_Park&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ngau Chi Wan Park (page does not exist)">Ngau Chi Wan Park</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sai_Tso_Wan_Recreation_Ground" title="Sai Tso Wan Recreation Ground">Sai Tso Wan</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kwun_Tong_District" title="Kwun Tong District">Kwun Tong District</a> </td> <td>9 </td> <td>1978 </td> <td>1.6 million tonnes </td> <td>Closed </td> <td>1997–1998 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sai_Tso_Wan_Recreation_Ground" title="Sai Tso Wan Recreation Ground">Sai Tso Wan Recreation Ground</a> opened in 2004 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siu_Lang_Shui&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siu Lang Shui (page does not exist)">Siu Lang Shui</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tuen_Mun" title="Tuen Mun">Castle Peak</a> </td> <td>12 </td> <td>1978 </td> <td>1.2 million tonnes </td> <td>Closed </td> <td>1999–2000 </td> <td>Green Belt </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Junk_Bay" title="Junk Bay">Junk Bay</a> Stage I </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tseung_Kwan_O_New_Town" class="mw-redirect" title="Tseung Kwan O New Town">Tseung Kwan O</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sai_Kung_District" title="Sai Kung District">Sai Kung District</a> </td> <td>68 </td> <td>1978 </td> <td>15.2 million tonnes </td> <td>Closed </td> <td>1997–1999 </td> <td>proposed site for football academy and driving range </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ma_Yau_Tong" title="Ma Yau Tong">Ma Yau Tong</a> West </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kwun_Tong" title="Kwun Tong">Kwun Tong</a> </td> <td>6 </td> <td>1979 </td> <td>6 million tonnes </td> <td>Closed </td> <td>1997–1998 </td> <td>planned recreation facilities </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ma_Yau_Tong" title="Ma Yau Tong">Ma Yau Tong</a> Central </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kwun_Tong" title="Kwun Tong">Kwun Tong</a> </td> <td>11 </td> <td>1981 </td> <td>1.0 million tonnes </td> <td>Closed </td> <td>1997–1998 </td> <td>future <a href="/wiki/Lam_Tin_Park" title="Lam Tin Park">Lam Tin Park</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pillar_Point,_Hong_Kong" class="mw-redirect" title="Pillar Point, Hong Kong">Pillar Point Valley</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tuen_Mun_District" title="Tuen Mun District">Tuen Mun District</a> </td> <td>38 </td> <td>1983 </td> <td>13 million tonnes </td> <td>Closed </td> <td>2004–2006 </td> <td>N/A </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Jordan_Valley,_Hong_Kong" title="Jordan Valley, Hong Kong">Jordan Valley</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kwun_Tong" title="Kwun Tong">Kwun Tong</a> </td> <td>11 </td> <td>1986 </td> <td>1.5 million tonnes </td> <td>Closed </td> <td>1997–1998 </td> <td>Jordan Valley Park, Opened 2010. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tseung_Kwan_O" title="Tseung Kwan O">Junk Bay</a> Stage II-III </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tseung_Kwan_O_New_Town" class="mw-redirect" title="Tseung Kwan O New Town">Tseung Kwan O</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sai_Kung_District" title="Sai Kung District">Sai Kung District</a> </td> <td>42 </td> <td>1988 </td> <td>12.6 million tonnes </td> <td>Closed </td> <td>1997–1999 </td> <td>temporary home for <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Air_Cadet_Corps" title="Hong Kong Air Cadet Corps">Hong Kong Air Cadet Corps</a> model plane training facilities </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Management_of_emissions_from_waste">Management of emissions from waste</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waste_management_in_Hong_Kong&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Management of emissions from waste"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The degradation of the organic components contained within waste generates both gaseous and liquid emissions. <a href="/wiki/Landfill_gas" title="Landfill gas">Landfill gas</a>, principally <a href="/wiki/Methane" title="Methane">methane</a> and <a href="/wiki/Carbon_dioxide" title="Carbon dioxide">carbon dioxide</a>, is formed once <a href="/wiki/Anaerobic_digestion" title="Anaerobic digestion">anaerobic</a> conditions are achieved within the landfill, and leachate is formed as liquids percolate through landfilled waste and pick up a cocktail of toxic and contaminating elements from the multiple waste fractions that comprise <a href="/wiki/Municipal_solid_waste" title="Municipal solid waste">Municipal Solid Waste</a>. Both can be harmful to human health and toxic to the environment.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Landfill gas is an important source of greenhouse gases that has been clearly shown to contribute to global warming,<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> whilst leachate can be an important source of local contamination, especially to waterways.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As Hong Kong is very close to the sea as well as to heavily built up areas, the control of emissions is of high importance.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Wherever possible, landfill gas is used as a fuel for the generation of power and, in Hong Kong, landfill gas is used to <a href="/wiki/Landfill_gas_utilization" title="Landfill gas utilization">generate electricity</a> and to provide power for the treatment of leachate produced from the landfilled waste.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The technology used for landfill gas management is well known throughout the world<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and includes on-site power generation, provision of heat for leachate treatment and off-site use as a source of natural <a href="/wiki/Biogas" title="Biogas">biogas</a> for feeding into the gas main.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Leachate is treated using landfill gas to provide heat for reducing the heavy loading of ammonia and ensuring that it can be released into the environment<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> according to strict criteria as specified by the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.epd.gov.hk/epd/english/top.html">Environmental Protection Department of Hong Kong</a>, and the process is employed at all three strategic landfill sites cited above.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="NGO_campaigns">NGO campaigns</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waste_management_in_Hong_Kong&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: NGO campaigns"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Friends_of_the_Earth">Friends of the Earth</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waste_management_in_Hong_Kong&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Friends of the Earth"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Friends_of_the_Earth_(HK)" title="Friends of the Earth (HK)">Friends of the Earth (HK)</a> is one of the local environmental groups in Hong Kong. One of its campaigns emphasises on setting up an all-inclusive recycling system.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Green_Power">Green Power</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waste_management_in_Hong_Kong&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Green Power"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Green_Power" title="Green Power">Green Power</a>, another local environmental organisation, has many activities related to waste control and management. Green Power organises an ongoing "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Zero_Waste_Action&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zero Waste Action (page does not exist)">Zero Waste Action</a>", aiming to reduce the waste the territory produces.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waste_management_in_Hong_Kong&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Air_pollution_in_Hong_Kong" title="Air pollution in Hong Kong">Air pollution in Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domestic_waste_management_in_Hong_Kong" title="Domestic waste management in Hong Kong">Domestic waste management in Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environment_of_Hong_Kong" title="Environment of Hong Kong">Environment of Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Food_waste_recycling_in_Hong_Kong" title="Food waste recycling in Hong Kong">Food waste recycling in Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sha_Tin_Sewage_Treatment_Works" title="Sha Tin Sewage Treatment Works">Sha Tin Sewage Treatment Works</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waste_management_in_Hong_Kong&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Worldwide_Waste_Journal-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Worldwide_Waste_Journal_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFLou2019" class="citation news cs1">Lou, Loretta (6 November 2019). "The Struggle for Sustainable Waste Management in Hong Kong: 1950s–2010s". <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Worldwide_Waste_Journal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Worldwide Waste Journal (page does not exist)">Worldwide Waste Journal</a></i>. Vol. 2. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.5334%2Fwwwj.40">10.5334/wwwj.40</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Worldwide+Waste+Journal&rft.atitle=The+Struggle+for+Sustainable+Waste+Management+in+Hong+Kong%3A+1950s%E2%80%932010s.&rft.volume=2&rft.date=2019-11-06&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.5334%2Fwwwj.40&rft.aulast=Lou&rft.aufirst=Loretta&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWaste+management+in+Hong+Kong" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cyberport.hk/campaign/arcade/DM/apr08/earthday/eco-expo.pdf"><i>Waste problem in Hong Kong</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110721085949/http://www.cyberport.hk/campaign/arcade/DM/apr08/earthday/eco-expo.pdf">archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 21 July 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 June</span> 2009</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Waste+problem+in+Hong+Kong&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cyberport.hk%2Fcampaign%2Farcade%2FDM%2Fapr08%2Fearthday%2Feco-expo.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWaste+management+in+Hong+Kong" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180131100609/https://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-hongkong-rubbish/hong-kong-drowning-in-waste-as-china-rubbish-ban-takes-toll-idUKKBN1FK0J9">"Hong Kong drowning in waste as China rubbish ban takes toll"</a>. <i>Reuters</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 March</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=epd.gov.hk&rft.atitle=Landfill+Gas+Utilization+%7C+Environmental+Protection+Department&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.epd.gov.hk%2Fepd%2Fenglish%2Fenvironmentinhk%2Fwaste%2Fprob_solutions%2Fmsw_lenchate.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWaste+management+in+Hong+Kong" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://waste-management-world.com/a/organics-group-completes-landfill-leachate-cleanup-plant-in-hong-kong">"Organics Group Completes Landfill Leachate Cleanup Plant in Hong Kong"</a>. <i>waste-management-world.com</i> (in German). 8 March 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 March</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=waste-management-world.com&rft.atitle=Organics+Group+Completes+Landfill+Leachate+Cleanup+Plant+in+Hong+Kong&rft.date=2019-03-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwaste-management-world.com%2Fa%2Forganics-group-completes-landfill-leachate-cleanup-plant-in-hong-kong&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWaste+management+in+Hong+Kong" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.epd.gov.hk/epd/english/environmentinhk/waste/prob_solutions/msw_lenchate.html">"Problems & Solutions | Environmental Protection Department"</a>. <i>epd.gov.hk</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 March</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=epd.gov.hk&rft.atitle=Problems+%26+Solutions+%7C+Environmental+Protection+Department&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.epd.gov.hk%2Fepd%2Fenglish%2Fenvironmentinhk%2Fwaste%2Fprob_solutions%2Fmsw_lenchate.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWaste+management+in+Hong+Kong" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061228032856/http://www.foe.org.hk/welcome/geten.asp?language=en">"Friends of the Earth (HK)"</a>. <i>www.foe.org.hk</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.foe.org.hk/welcome/geten.asp?language=en&id_path=1,%207,%2026,%203008,%203144—">the original</a> on 28 December 2006.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.foe.org.hk&rft.atitle=Friends+of+the+Earth+%28HK%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.foe.org.hk%2Fwelcome%2Fgeten.asp%3Flanguage%3Den%26id_path%3D1%2C%25207%2C%252026%2C%25203008%2C%25203144%E2%80%94&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWaste+management+in+Hong+Kong" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.greenpower.org.hk/gp/activities/e_activities_zerowaste.asp">"Green Power – Activities"</a>. <i>greenpower.org.hk</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080211191840/http://www.greenpower.org.hk/gp/activities/e_activities_zerowaste.asp">Archived</a> from the original on 11 February 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 April</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=greenpower.org.hk&rft.atitle=Green+Power+%E2%80%93+Activities&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.greenpower.org.hk%2Fgp%2Factivities%2Fe_activities_zerowaste.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWaste+management+in+Hong+Kong" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waste_management_in_Hong_Kong&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYim2001" class="citation book cs1">Yim, K.P (2001). "Settlements of old landfills in Hong Kong". In Ho, Ken K.S.; Li, K.S. (eds.). <i>Geotechnical Engineering: Meeting Society's Needs : Proceedings of the Fourteenth Southeast Asian Geotechnical Conference, Hong Kong, 10-14 December 2001</i>. Vol. 1. <a href="/wiki/CRC_Press" title="CRC Press">CRC Press</a>. pp. 249–266. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789058092502" title="Special:BookSources/9789058092502"><bdi>9789058092502</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Settlements+of+old+landfills+in+Hong+Kong&rft.btitle=Geotechnical+Engineering%3A+Meeting+Society%27s+Needs+%3A+Proceedings+of+the+Fourteenth+Southeast+Asian+Geotechnical+Conference%2C+Hong+Kong%2C+10-14+December+2001&rft.pages=249-266&rft.pub=CRC+Press&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=9789058092502&rft.aulast=Yim&rft.aufirst=K.P&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWaste+management+in+Hong+Kong" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waste_management_in_Hong_Kong&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output 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href="https://www.worldwidewastejournal.com/articles/10.5334/wwwj.40/">The Struggle for Sustainable Waste Management in Hong Kong: 1950s–2010s</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output 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.navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Waste" title="Template:Waste"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Waste" title="Template talk:Waste"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Waste" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Waste"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Biosolids,_waste,_and_waste_management" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Biosolids" title="Biosolids">Biosolids</a>, <a href="/wiki/Waste" title="Waste">waste</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Waste_management" title="Waste management">waste management</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_waste_types" title="List of waste types">Major types</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agricultural_wastewater_treatment" title="Agricultural wastewater treatment">Agricultural wastewater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biodegradable_waste" title="Biodegradable waste">Biodegradable waste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biomedical_waste" title="Biomedical waste">Biomedical waste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brown_waste" title="Brown waste">Brown waste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chemical_waste" title="Chemical waste">Chemical waste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Construction_waste" title="Construction waste">Construction waste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demolition_waste" title="Demolition waste">Demolition waste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electronic_waste" title="Electronic waste">Electronic waste</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Electronic_waste_by_country" title="Electronic waste by country">by country</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Food_waste" class="mw-redirect" title="Food waste">Food waste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_waste" title="Green waste">Green waste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hazardous_waste" title="Hazardous waste">Hazardous waste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waste_heat" title="Waste heat">Heat waste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Industrial_waste" title="Industrial waste">Industrial waste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Industrial_wastewater" class="mw-redirect" title="Industrial wastewater">Industrial wastewater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Litter" title="Litter">Litter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marine_debris" title="Marine debris">Marine debris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tailings" title="Tailings">Mining waste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipal_solid_waste" title="Municipal solid waste">Municipal solid waste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_defecation" title="Open defecation">Open defecation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Packaging_waste" title="Packaging waste">Packaging waste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-consumer_waste" title="Post-consumer waste">Post-consumer waste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radioactive_waste" title="Radioactive waste">Radioactive waste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scrap" title="Scrap">Scrap metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sewage" title="Sewage">Sewage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharps_waste" title="Sharps waste">Sharps waste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surface_runoff" title="Surface runoff">Surface runoff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toxic_waste" title="Toxic waste">Toxic waste</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bedrijfsafval.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Bedrijfsafval.jpg/120px-Bedrijfsafval.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Bedrijfsafval.jpg/180px-Bedrijfsafval.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Bedrijfsafval.jpg/240px-Bedrijfsafval.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2304" data-file-height="1728" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Processes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anaerobic_digestion" title="Anaerobic digestion">Anaerobic digestion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balefill" title="Balefill">Balefill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biodegradation" title="Biodegradation">Biodegradation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compost" title="Compost">Composting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durable_good" title="Durable good">Durable good</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecological_design" title="Ecological design">Ecological design</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garden_waste_dumping" title="Garden waste dumping">Garden waste dumping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Illegal_dumping" title="Illegal dumping">Illegal dumping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Incineration" title="Incineration">Incineration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Landfill" title="Landfill">Landfill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Landfill_mining" title="Landfill mining">Landfill mining</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mechanical_biological_treatment" title="Mechanical biological treatment">Mechanical biological treatment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Materials_recovery_facility" title="Materials recovery facility">Mechanical sorting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photodegradation" title="Photodegradation">Photodegradation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reclaimed_lumber" title="Reclaimed lumber">Reclaimed lumber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Recycling" title="Recycling">Recycling</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Appliance_recycling" title="Appliance recycling">appliance recycling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battery_recycling" title="Battery recycling">battery recycling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bottle_recycling" title="Bottle recycling">bottle recycling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fluorescent_lamp_recycling" title="Fluorescent lamp recycling">fluorescent lamp recycling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_recycling" title="Land recycling">land recycling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plastic_recycling" title="Plastic recycling">plastic recycling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Textile_recycling" title="Textile recycling">textile recycling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timber_recycling" title="Timber recycling">timber recycling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tire_recycling" title="Tire recycling">tire recycling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_heat_recycling" title="Water heat recycling">water heat recycling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_recycling_shower" title="Water recycling shower">water recycling shower</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Repurposing" title="Repurposing">Repurposing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resource_recovery" title="Resource recovery">Resource recovery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reusable_packaging" title="Reusable packaging">Reusable packaging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Right_to_repair" title="Right to repair">Right to repair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sewage_treatment" title="Sewage treatment">Sewage treatment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_mining" title="Urban mining">Urban mining</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waste_collection" title="Waste collection">Waste collection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waste_sorting" title="Waste sorting">Waste sorting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_waste_trade" title="Global waste trade">Waste trade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waste_treatment" title="Waste treatment">Waste treatment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waste-to-energy" title="Waste-to-energy">Waste-to-energy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Waste_by_country" title="Waste by country">Countries</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Waste_management_in_Afghanistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Waste management in Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waste_management_in_Albania" class="mw-redirect" title="Waste management in Albania">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waste_management_in_Armenia" title="Waste management in Armenia">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waste_management_in_Australia" title="Waste management in Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waste_management_in_Belgium" class="mw-redirect" title="Waste management in Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waste_management_in_Bangladesh" title="Waste management in Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_issues_in_Brazil#Waste" title="Environmental issues in Brazil">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waste_management_in_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" class="mw-redirect" title="Waste management in Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waste_management_in_Egypt" title="Waste management in Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waste_management_in_Georgia_(country)" class="mw-redirect" title="Waste management in Georgia (country)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waste_management_in_India#Solid_waste_policy" title="Waste management in India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waste_management_in_Israel" class="mw-redirect" title="Waste management in Israel">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waste_management_in_Japan" title="Waste management in Japan">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waste_management_in_Kazakhstan" title="Waste management in Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waste_in_New_Zealand" title="Waste in New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waste_management_in_Russia" title="Waste management in Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waste_management_in_South_Korea" title="Waste management in South Korea">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waste_management_in_Sri_Lanka" class="mw-redirect" title="Waste management in Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waste_management_in_Switzerland" title="Waste management in Switzerland">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waste_management_in_Syria" class="mw-redirect" title="Waste management in Syria">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waste_management_in_Tanzania" class="mw-redirect" title="Waste management in Tanzania">Tanzania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waste_management_in_Taiwan" title="Waste management in Taiwan">Taiwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waste_management_in_Thailand" title="Waste management in Thailand">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waste_management_in_Turkey" title="Waste management in Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waste_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Waste in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waste_in_the_United_States" title="Waste in the United States">United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Agreements</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bamako_Convention" title="Bamako Convention">Bamako Convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basel_Convention" title="Basel Convention">Basel Convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Directive_(European_Union)" title="Directive (European Union)">EU directives</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battery_Directive" title="Battery Directive">batteries</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battery_recycling" title="Battery recycling">Recycling</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waste_framework_directive" title="Waste framework directive">framework</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waste_Incineration_Directive" title="Waste Incineration Directive">incineration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Landfill_Directive" title="Landfill Directive">landfills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Restriction_of_Hazardous_Substances_Directive" title="Restriction of Hazardous Substances Directive">RoHS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/End_of_Life_Vehicles_Directive" title="End of Life Vehicles Directive">vehicles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_Waste_Water_Treatment_Directive" title="Urban Waste Water Treatment Directive">waste water</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waste_Electrical_and_Electronic_Equipment_Directive" title="Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment Directive">WEEE</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Convention_on_the_Prevention_of_Marine_Pollution_by_Dumping_of_Wastes_and_Other_Matter" title="London Convention on the Prevention of Marine Pollution by Dumping of Wastes and Other Matter">London Convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oslo_Dumping_Convention" title="Oslo Dumping Convention">Oslo Convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OSPAR_Convention" title="OSPAR Convention">OSPAR Convention</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Occupations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sanitation_worker" title="Sanitation worker">Sanitation worker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Street_sweeper" title="Street sweeper">Street sweeper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waste_collector" title="Waste collector">Waste collector</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waste_picker" title="Waste picker">Waste picker</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Ribbon_Commission_on_America%27s_Nuclear_Future" title="Blue Ribbon Commission on America's Nuclear Future">Blue Ribbon Commission on America's Nuclear Future</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China%27s_waste_import_ban" title="China's waste import ban">China's waste import ban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleaner_production" title="Cleaner production">Cleaner production</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Downcycling" title="Downcycling">Downcycling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eco-industrial_park" title="Eco-industrial park">Eco-industrial park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extended_producer_responsibility" title="Extended producer responsibility">Extended producer responsibility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High-level_radioactive_waste_management" title="High-level radioactive waste management">High-level radioactive waste management</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_waste_management" title="History of waste management">History of waste management</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Landfill_fire" title="Landfill fire">Landfill fire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sewage_regulation_and_administration" title="Sewage regulation and administration">Sewage regulation and administration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toxic_colonialism" title="Toxic colonialism">Toxic colonialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upcycling" title="Upcycling">Upcycling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waste_hierarchy" title="Waste hierarchy">Waste hierarchy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waste_management_law" title="Waste management law">Waste legislation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waste_minimisation" title="Waste minimisation">Waste minimisation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zero_waste" title="Zero waste">Zero waste</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Aegopodium_podagraria1_ies.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Aegopodium_podagraria1_ies.jpg/16px-Aegopodium_podagraria1_ies.jpg" decoding="async" width="16" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Aegopodium_podagraria1_ies.jpg/24px-Aegopodium_podagraria1_ies.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Aegopodium_podagraria1_ies.jpg/32px-Aegopodium_podagraria1_ies.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="700" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Environment" title="Portal:Environment">Environment portal</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Waste" title="Category:Waste">Category: Waste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_waste_management_articles" title="Index of waste management articles">Index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Waste_management_journals" title="Category:Waste management journals">Journals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Waste-related_lists" title="Category:Waste-related lists">Lists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Waste_organizations" title="Category:Waste organizations">Organizations</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Waste_management_in_Asia" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Asia_topic" title="Template:Asia topic"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Asia_topic" title="Template talk:Asia topic"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Asia_topic" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Asia topic"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Waste_management_in_Asia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Waste management in Asia</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states" title="List of sovereign states">Sovereign states</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Waste_management_in_Afghanistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Waste management in Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waste_management_in_Armenia" title="Waste management in Armenia">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waste_management_in_Azerbaijan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Waste management in Azerbaijan (page does not exist)">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waste_management_in_Bahrain&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Waste management in Bahrain (page does not exist)">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waste_management_in_Bangladesh" title="Waste management in Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waste_management_in_Bhutan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Waste management in Bhutan (page does not exist)">Bhutan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waste_management_in_Brunei&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Waste management in Brunei (page does not exist)">Brunei</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waste_management_in_Cambodia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Waste management in Cambodia (page does not exist)">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waste_management_in_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Waste management in China">China</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waste_management_in_Cyprus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Waste management in Cyprus (page does not exist)">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waste_management_in_East_Timor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Waste management in East Timor (page does not exist)">East Timor (Timor-Leste)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waste_management_in_Egypt" title="Waste management in Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waste_management_in_Georgia_(country)" class="mw-redirect" title="Waste management in Georgia (country)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waste_management_in_India" title="Waste management in India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waste_management_in_Indonesia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Waste management in Indonesia (page does not exist)">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waste_management_in_Iran&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Waste management in Iran (page does not exist)">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waste_management_in_Iraq&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Waste management in Iraq (page does not exist)">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waste_management_in_Israel" class="mw-redirect" title="Waste management in Israel">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waste_management_in_Japan" title="Waste management in Japan">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waste_management_in_Jordan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Waste management in Jordan (page does not exist)">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waste_management_in_Kazakhstan" title="Waste management in Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waste_management_in_North_Korea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Waste management in North Korea (page does not exist)">North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waste_management_in_South_Korea" title="Waste management in South Korea">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waste_management_in_Kuwait&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Waste management in Kuwait (page does not exist)">Kuwait</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waste_management_in_Kyrgyzstan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Waste management in Kyrgyzstan (page does not exist)">Kyrgyzstan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waste_management_in_Laos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Waste management in Laos (page does not exist)">Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waste_management_in_Lebanon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Waste management in Lebanon (page does not exist)">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waste_management_in_Malaysia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Waste management in Malaysia (page does not exist)">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waste_management_in_the_Maldives&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Waste management in the Maldives (page does not exist)">Maldives</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waste_management_in_Mongolia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Waste management in Mongolia (page does not exist)">Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waste_management_in_Myanmar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Waste management in Myanmar (page does not exist)">Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waste_management_in_Nepal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Waste management in Nepal (page does not exist)">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waste_management_in_Oman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Waste management in Oman (page does not exist)">Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waste_management_in_Pakistan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Waste management in Pakistan (page does not exist)">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waste_management_in_the_Philippines&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Waste management in the Philippines (page does not exist)">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waste_management_in_Qatar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Waste management in Qatar (page does not exist)">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waste_management_in_Russia" title="Waste management in Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waste_management_in_Saudi_Arabia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Waste management in Saudi Arabia (page does not exist)">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waste_management_in_Singapore&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Waste management in Singapore (page does not exist)">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waste_management_in_Sri_Lanka" class="mw-redirect" title="Waste management in Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waste_management_in_Syria" class="mw-redirect" title="Waste management in Syria">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waste_management_in_Tajikistan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Waste management in Tajikistan (page does not exist)">Tajikistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waste_management_in_Thailand" title="Waste management in Thailand">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waste_management_in_Turkey" title="Waste management in Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waste_management_in_Turkmenistan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Waste management in Turkmenistan (page does not exist)">Turkmenistan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waste_management_in_the_United_Arab_Emirates&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Waste management in the United Arab Emirates (page does not exist)">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waste_management_in_Uzbekistan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Waste management in Uzbekistan (page does not exist)">Uzbekistan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waste_management_in_Vietnam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Waste management in Vietnam (page does not exist)">Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waste_management_in_Yemen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Waste management in Yemen (page does not exist)">Yemen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_states_with_limited_recognition" title="List of states with limited recognition">States with<br />limited recognition</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waste_management_in_Abkhazia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Waste management in Abkhazia (page does not exist)">Abkhazia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waste_management_in_Northern_Cyprus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Waste management in Northern Cyprus (page does not exist)">Northern Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waste_management_in_the_State_of_Palestine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Waste management in the State of Palestine (page does not exist)">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waste_management_in_South_Ossetia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Waste management in South Ossetia (page does not exist)">South Ossetia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waste_management_in_Taiwan" title="Waste management in Taiwan">Taiwan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dependent_territory" title="Dependent territory">Dependencies</a> and<br />other territories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waste_management_in_the_British_Indian_Ocean_Territory&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Waste management in the British Indian Ocean Territory (page does not exist)">British Indian Ocean Territory</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waste_management_in_Christmas_Island&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Waste management in Christmas Island (page does not exist)">Christmas Island</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waste_management_in_the_Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Waste management in the Cocos (Keeling) Islands (page does not exist)">Cocos (Keeling) Islands</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waste_management_in_Macau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Waste management in Macau (page does not exist)">Macau</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Asia" title="Category:Asia">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img 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