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href="#Use_of_land_mines_as_a_means_of_war"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Use of land mines as a means of war</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Use_of_land_mines_as_a_means_of_war-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Shelling_of_civilian_areas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Shelling_of_civilian_areas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Shelling of civilian areas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Shelling_of_civilian_areas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_abuses_of_non-combatants" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_abuses_of_non-combatants"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Other abuses of non-combatants</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_abuses_of_non-combatants-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> 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id="toc-Crimes_against_international_humanitarian_law-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Execution_of_prisoners_of_war" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Execution_of_prisoners_of_war"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.1</span> <span>Execution of prisoners of war</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Execution_of_prisoners_of_war-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Murder_and_torture_of_injured_soldiers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Murder_and_torture_of_injured_soldiers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.2</span> <span>Murder and torture of injured soldiers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Murder_and_torture_of_injured_soldiers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lootings_and_beatings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" 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vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Other</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Other-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Other subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Other-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Allegations_of_Human_rights_watch_groups_falsifying_claims" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Allegations_of_Human_rights_watch_groups_falsifying_claims"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Allegations of Human rights watch groups falsifying claims</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Allegations_of_Human_rights_watch_groups_falsifying_claims-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Murder_of_guest_workers_and_black_Libyans" 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Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Human_rights_violations_during_the_Libyan_civil_war_(2011)" title="Special:EditPage/Human rights violations during the Libyan civil war (2011)">improve this article</a> if you can.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">April 2011</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p><p>The outbreak of the <a href="/wiki/2011_Libyan_Civil_War" class="mw-redirect" title="2011 Libyan Civil War">Libyan Civil War</a> was followed by accusations of <a href="/wiki/Human_rights" title="Human rights">human rights</a> violations by rebel forces opposed to <a href="/wiki/Muammar_Gaddafi" title="Muammar Gaddafi">Muammar Gaddafi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Libyan_Army_(1951%E2%80%932011)" title="Libyan Army (1951–2011)">Gaddafi's armed forces</a>, and <a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</a>. The alleged violations include <a href="/wiki/Rape" title="Rape">rape</a>, <a href="/wiki/Extrajudicial_killing" title="Extrajudicial killing">extrajudicial killings</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ethnic_cleansing" title="Ethnic cleansing">ethnic cleansing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Misconduct" title="Misconduct">misconduct</a> and bombings of civilians.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Libyan_Armed_Forces">Libyan Armed Forces</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Human_rights_violations_during_the_Libyan_civil_war_(2011)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Libyan Armed Forces"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Claims_of_systematic_shooting_at_protesters">Claims of systematic shooting at protesters</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Human_rights_violations_during_the_Libyan_civil_war_(2011)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Claims of systematic shooting at protesters"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Luis_Moreno_Ocampo" title="Luis Moreno Ocampo">Luis Moreno Ocampo</a>, chief prosecutor of the <a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Court" title="International Criminal Court">International Criminal Court</a>, estimated that between 500 and 700 people were killed by Gaddafi's security forces in February 2011, before the rebels even took up arms. "Shooting at protesters was systematic," Moreno-Ocampo stated, discussing the Libyan government's response to the initial anti-government demonstrations.<sup id="cite_ref-NYT_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Libyan government denied that they ordered killings of demonstrators in the early days of the uprising. They said that soldiers acted in self-defense as they were attacked by mobs.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Moreno-Ocampo further stated that during the conflict, "War crimes are apparently committed as a matter of policy" by forces loyal to Gaddafi.<sup id="cite_ref-NYT_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This is further supported by claims of Human Rights Watch, that 10 protesters, who had already agreed to lay down arms, were executed by a government paramilitary group in <a href="/wiki/Bani_Walid" title="Bani Walid">Bani Walid</a> in May.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In June 2011, an investigation carried out by <a href="/wiki/Amnesty_International" title="Amnesty International">Amnesty International</a> claimed that allegations of use of anti-aircraft guns against crowds lack evidence, noting that rebels at times appeared to have made false claims or manufactured evidence. The used cartridges after protesters were shot at "came from Kalashnikovs or similar calibre weapons". According to the Amnesty investigation, "there is no proof of mass killing of civilians on the scale of Syria or Yemen", adding that in Bengazi 100 to 110 people were killed, and in Baida 59 to 64 people were killed. Most of these were probably protesters, and some might have had weapons.<sup id="cite_ref-amnesty_investigation_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-amnesty_investigation-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>However, in a later report from Amnesty International it was found that "al-Gaddafi forces committed serious violations of international humanitarian law (IHL), including war crimes, and gross human rights violations,which point to the commission of crimes against humanity. They deliberately killed and injured scores of unarmed protesters; subjected perceived opponents and critics to enforced disappearance and torture and other ill- treatment; and arbitrarily detained scores of civilians. They launched indiscriminate attacks and attacks targeting civilians in their efforts to regain control of Misratah and territory in the east. They launched artillery, mortar and rocket attacks against residential areas. They used inherently indiscriminate weapons such as anti-personnel land mines and cluster bombs,including in residential areas."<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In July 2011, <a href="/wiki/Saif_al-Islam_Gaddafi" title="Saif al-Islam Gaddafi">Saif al-Islam Gaddafi</a> had an interview with <i><a href="/wiki/RT_(TV_Network)" class="mw-redirect" title="RT (TV Network)">Russia Today</a></i>, where he denied the ICC's allegations that he or his father ordered the killing of civilian protesters. He contended that as he was not a member of the government or the military, he therefore had no authority to give such orders. According to Saif, he made recorded calls to General <a href="/wiki/Abdul_Fatah_Younis" title="Abdul Fatah Younis">Abdul Fatah Younis</a> (who later defected to the rebel forces) to request that force not be used against protesters, to which Younis responded that they were attacking a military site, where surprised guards fired in self-defense.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Allegations_of_mass_rape">Allegations of mass rape</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Human_rights_violations_during_the_Libyan_civil_war_(2011)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Allegations of mass rape"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/2011_Libyan_rape_allegations" title="2011 Libyan rape allegations">2011 Libyan rape allegations</a></div> <p>A Libyan psychologist, <a href="/wiki/Seham_Sergiwa" title="Seham Sergiwa">Seham Sergiwa</a>, conducted a survey of refugees in <a href="/wiki/Tunisia" title="Tunisia">Tunisia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a> to document the trauma of the civil war. Nearly 300 women were reported to have been raped by Gaddafi's forces. The real number could be much higher, considering the stigma attached to rape victims in Libyan society. Every single woman in the survey who admitted to being raped said they were raped by loyalist soldiers or militiamen.<sup id="cite_ref-CNN_LibCivWar_rape_details_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CNN_LibCivWar_rape_details-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a> <a href="/wiki/War_crime" title="War crime">war-crimes expert</a> <a href="/wiki/M._Cherif_Bassiouni" title="M. Cherif Bassiouni">M. Cherif Bassiouni</a>, <a href="/wiki/Human_Rights_Watch" title="Human Rights Watch">Human Rights Watch</a> (HRW), <a href="/wiki/Doctors_Without_Borders" class="mw-redirect" title="Doctors Without Borders">Doctors Without Borders</a> and <a href="/wiki/Amnesty_International" title="Amnesty International">Amnesty International</a> stated that they found no evidence of systematic rape conducted by the Libyan government. Amnesty International's Donatella Rovera said that the Benghazi rebels had knowingly made false claims or manufactured evidence, quoting one example of pristine boxes of <a href="/wiki/Viagra" class="mw-redirect" title="Viagra">Viagra</a> that the rebels said were found inside a totally burned out tank belonging to Gaddafi's troops. This raised serious doubts about the claim that Gaddafi handed out Viagra to his soldiers to enable them to rape more efficiently.<sup id="cite_ref-amnesty_investigation_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-amnesty_investigation-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Physicians_for_Human_Rights" title="Physicians for Human Rights">Physicians for Human Rights</a> (PHR) collected testimony of eyewitness who reported that pro-Gaddafi forces transformed an elementary school into a detention site where they raped women and girls as young as 14 years old.<sup id="cite_ref-Witness_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Witness-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> PHR also reports of honor killings that occurred in response to these rapes.<sup id="cite_ref-Witness_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Witness-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Use_of_land_mines_as_a_means_of_war">Use of land mines as a means of war</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Human_rights_violations_during_the_Libyan_civil_war_(2011)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Use of land mines as a means of war"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Human_Rights_Watch" title="Human Rights Watch">Human Rights Watch</a> has confirmed claims of rebels, that pro-Gaddafi forces used <a href="/wiki/Land_mine" title="Land mine">land mines</a> frequently during the conflict. It found them on at least six different locations in Libya, mostly on frontlines of the Gaddafi forces. Among these land mines are not only anti-tank mines, but also anti-personnel mines, which can permanently pose a threat to civilians.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Shelling_of_civilian_areas">Shelling of civilian areas</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Human_rights_violations_during_the_Libyan_civil_war_(2011)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Shelling of civilian areas"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Gaddafi forces have been accused by human-rights groups of shelling towns with heavy weapons, risking civilian lives indiscriminately. The most accusations refer to the <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Misrata" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege of Misrata">siege of Misrata</a>, accusing Gaddafi forces of targeting hospitals and civilian areas, also using internationally outlawed cluster bombs of Spanish production as ammunition, having risked the lives of civilians.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_abuses_of_non-combatants">Other abuses of non-combatants</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Human_rights_violations_during_the_Libyan_civil_war_(2011)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Other abuses of non-combatants"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A Human Rights Watch report documents the "unlawful occupation and terror of hospital staff" by pro-Government forces in Yafran in the western mountains, risking the lives of the patients and terrifying the staff contrary to international law.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In August 2011, Physicians for Human Rights released a report documenting severe violations of human rights and evidence of war crimes and possible crimes against humanity in Misrata. Findings included that Qaddafi forces used civilians as human shields, attacked ambulances bearing the <a href="/wiki/Red_Crescent" class="mw-redirect" title="Red Crescent">Red Crescent</a>, destroyed religious buildings, and intentionally starved civilians. In the same report, PHR gave evidence to violations of <a href="/wiki/Medical_neutrality" title="Medical neutrality">medical neutrality</a>, such as attacks on medical facilities, medical transport, and medical workers.<sup id="cite_ref-Witness_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Witness-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Documents which obtained by The Guardian's sister newspaper <a href="/wiki/The_Observer" title="The Observer">The Observer</a> also revealed that Gaddafi's senior generals had ordered bombarding and forced starvation in the city of <a href="/wiki/Misrata" title="Misrata">Misrata</a>, as well as the killing and rape of many of its people.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Anti-Gaddafi_forces">Anti-Gaddafi forces</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Human_rights_violations_during_the_Libyan_civil_war_(2011)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Anti-Gaddafi forces"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Crimes_against_international_humanitarian_law">Crimes against international humanitarian law</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Human_rights_violations_during_the_Libyan_civil_war_(2011)&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Crimes against international humanitarian law"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Execution_of_prisoners_of_war">Execution of prisoners of war</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Human_rights_violations_during_the_Libyan_civil_war_(2011)&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Execution of prisoners of war"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A group of 15 to 22 Libyan army soldiers captured in <a href="/wiki/Derna,_Libya" title="Derna, Libya">Derna</a> were reportedly executed in the neighboring village of Martuba. 20 kilometres (12 miles)<sup id="cite_ref-Globe_and_Mail_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Globe_and_Mail-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to a widely circulated story, the men were claimed to have been "executed by their own officers for disobeying orders".<sup id="cite_ref-Globe_and_Mail_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Globe_and_Mail-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Another group of 15 African mercenaries were publicly executed by hanging in front of the <a href="/wiki/Bayda,_Libya" title="Bayda, Libya">Bayda</a> courthouse.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Murder_and_torture_of_injured_soldiers">Murder and torture of injured soldiers</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Human_rights_violations_during_the_Libyan_civil_war_(2011)&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Murder and torture of injured soldiers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 17 February, the Bayda hospital admitted two injured men, one of darker complexion and the other of olive complexion. The men were accused of fighting against the rebels and being mercenaries. A hospital doctor claimed that the black man was murdered and hung by an angry mob that had gathered around the hospital. The other injured man was reportedly beaten, shot and returned to the emergency room.<sup id="cite_ref-Globe_and_Mail_20-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Globe_and_Mail-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lootings_and_beatings">Lootings and beatings</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Human_rights_violations_during_the_Libyan_civil_war_(2011)&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Lootings and beatings"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In four towns in the western mountains captured in June by the opposition, HRW noticed looting of private property and beatings of alleged Gaddafi sympathizers by rebel forces. The <a href="/wiki/National_Transitional_Council" title="National Transitional Council">National Transitional Council</a> (NTC) then pledged to hold responsible the causers of the attacks and to prevent such abuses in the future.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Killing_of_civilians">Killing of civilians</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Human_rights_violations_during_the_Libyan_civil_war_(2011)&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Killing of civilians"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sirte_(2011)" title="Battle of Sirte (2011)">Battle of Sirte</a>, the rebels were accused of killing civilians, including men, women, and children, while there were also reports of the rebels harassing and stealing from the locals. According to one resident, "The rebels are worse than rats. NATO is the same as <a href="/wiki/Osama_bin_Laden" title="Osama bin Laden">Osama bin Laden</a>." According to another local woman, "We lived in democracy under Muammar Gaddafi, he was not a dictator. I lived in freedom, Libyan women had full human rights. It isn't that we need Muammar Gaddafi again, but we want to live just as we did before." A local elderly woman stated "They are killing our children. Why are they doing this? For what? Life was good before!"<sup id="cite_ref-telegraph_sirte_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-telegraph_sirte-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="NATO_airstrikes">NATO airstrikes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Human_rights_violations_during_the_Libyan_civil_war_(2011)&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: NATO airstrikes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 9 August, the Libyan government claimed that 85 civilians were killed in <a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</a> airstrikes on the village of Majer near <a href="/wiki/Zliten" title="Zliten">Zliten</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A NATO spokesman said that they were targeting four buildings in which nine vehicles were destroyed and that government claim "<i>was not corroborated by available factual information at the site</i>".<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Libyan government declared three days of national mourning. Reporters were later taken to a hospital where they saw at least 30 dead bodies, including the bodies of at least two young children. The Libyan government claimed that the bodies of others killed in the airstrikes were taken to other hospitals. Neither of these claims were independently verified,<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> although some media outlets came to the conclusion that it seemed more credible than usual that something tragic happened due to the presence of at least 14 bodies at one hospital, including an infant.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other">Other</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Human_rights_violations_during_the_Libyan_civil_war_(2011)&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Other"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Allegations_of_Human_rights_watch_groups_falsifying_claims">Allegations of Human rights watch groups falsifying claims</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Human_rights_violations_during_the_Libyan_civil_war_(2011)&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Allegations of Human rights watch groups falsifying claims"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Some journalists have accused human-rights organizations of falsifying<sup id="cite_ref-RDW_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RDW-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> claims, that Gaddafi was using mercenaries from other parts of Africa to attack protesters,<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Among the sources pointing to the existence of mercenaries are the claims by Gaddafi's former Chief of Protocol <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nouri_Al_Mismari&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nouri Al Mismari (page does not exist)">Nouri Al Mismari</a>, who has claimed the presence of mercenaries from countries such as Chad, Niger, and Mali.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Murder_of_guest_workers_and_black_Libyans">Murder of guest workers and black Libyans</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Human_rights_violations_during_the_Libyan_civil_war_(2011)&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Murder of guest workers and black Libyans"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Chad" title="Government of Chad">Chadian government</a> called on coalition forces to protect its citizens in rebel-held areas in Libya. It claimed that dozens had been accused and executed for allegedly being mercenaries in the pay of Gaddafi.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A <a href="/wiki/Turkish_people" title="Turkish people">Turkish</a> oil worker reported witnessing the murder of 70 to 80 Sudanese and Chadian guest workers with pruning shears and axes by Libyans who accused them of being Gaddafi mercenaries.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>HRW's Peter Bouckaert visited Bayda where 156 supposed mercenaries were being held captive. He reported that these men were actually black Libyans from Southern Libya. He argued that the support of the black southern Libyans for the Gaddafi regime was explainable, as Gaddafi fought to counter discrimination against them in Libyan society. In the same interview, Bouckaert also said that those 156 individuals were released by the rebels less than two weeks after being captured.<sup id="cite_ref-RDW_28-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RDW-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Killings of unarmed migrant workers by insurgents have been described. On 18 April, a British reporter who had just arrived at Benghazi by sea from <a href="/wiki/Misrata" title="Misrata">Misrata</a> described the sufferings of large numbers of migrant workers trapped in Misrata in a broadcast on <a href="/wiki/BBC_Radio_4" title="BBC Radio 4">BBC Radio 4</a>. After mentioning casualties during government forces attack he said about the migrant workers that "…some have also died in clashes with the, err, rebel fighters. They were protesting about the conditions, demanding that they should be repatriated and on a couple of occasions <i>this has led to the rebels opening fire and, err, people dying</i>."<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Human_rights_violations_during_the_Libyan_civil_war_(2011)&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_violations_during_the_Gaddafi_regime" title="Human rights violations during the Gaddafi regime">Human rights violations during the Gaddafi regime</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Human_rights_violations_during_the_Libyan_civil_war_(2011)&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259569809">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Libya.svg/32px-Flag_of_Libya.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Libya.svg/48px-Flag_of_Libya.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Libya.svg/64px-Flag_of_Libya.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="480" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Libya" title="Portal:Libya">Libya 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center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFShabi2012" class="citation news cs1">Shabi, Rachel (19 January 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/africa/nato-accused-of-war-crimes-in-libya-6291566.html">"Nato accused of war crimes in Libya"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Independent" title="The Independent">The Independent</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 August</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Chad+Says+Citizens+Abused+in+Rebel-Held+Libya&rft.date=2011-04-04&rft.au=Staff&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Faf.reuters.com%2Farticle%2FtopNews%2FidAFJOE73303S20110404&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHuman+rights+violations+during+the+Libyan+civil+war+%282011%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFQuist-Arcton,_Ofeibea2011" class="citation web cs1">Quist-Arcton, Ofeibea (25 February 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.npr.org/2011/02/25/134065767/-African-Migrants-Say-They-Face-Hostility-From-Libyans">"In Libya, African Migrants Say They Face Hostility"</a>. <a href="/wiki/NPR" title="NPR">NPR</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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.navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Libyan_civil_war_(2011)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Libyan_Civil_War_(2011)" title="Template:Libyan Civil War (2011)"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Libyan_Civil_War_(2011)" title="Template talk:Libyan Civil War (2011)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Libyan_Civil_War_(2011)" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Libyan Civil War (2011)"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Libyan_civil_war_(2011)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Libyan_civil_war_(2011)" title="Libyan civil war (2011)">Libyan civil war (2011)</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li>Part of the <a href="/wiki/Arab_Spring" title="Arab Spring">Arab Spring</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_First_Libyan_Civil_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Timeline of the First Libyan Civil War">Timeline</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_2011_Libyan_Civil_War_before_military_intervention" title="Timeline of the 2011 Libyan Civil War before military intervention">15 February–18 March</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_2011_Libyan_Civil_War_and_military_intervention_(19_March_%E2%80%93_May)" title="Timeline of the 2011 Libyan Civil War and military intervention (19 March – May)">19 March–31 May</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_2011_Libyan_Civil_War_and_military_intervention_(June_%E2%80%93_15_August)" title="Timeline of the 2011 Libyan Civil War and military intervention (June – 15 August)">June–15 August</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_2011_Libyan_Civil_War_and_military_intervention_(16_August_%E2%80%93_23_October)" title="Timeline of the 2011 Libyan Civil War and military intervention (16 August – 23 October)">16 August–23 October</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left">Forces</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Gaddafi_forces" title="Anti-Gaddafi forces">Opposition</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Liberation_Army_(Libya)" title="National Liberation Army (Libya)">National Liberation Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_Libyan_Air_Force" title="Free Libyan Air Force">Free Libyan Air Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Conference_for_the_Libyan_Opposition" title="National Conference for the Libyan Opposition">NCLO</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armed_Forces_of_the_Libyan_Arab_Jamahiriya" title="Armed Forces of the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya">Armed Forces of the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Libyan_Army_(1951%E2%80%932011)" title="Libyan Army (1951–2011)">Libyan Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libyan_Air_Force" title="Libyan Air Force">Libyan Air Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libyan_Navy" title="Libyan Navy">Libyan Navy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Guard_Corps" title="Revolutionary Guard Corps">Revolutionary Guard Corps</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left"><a href="/wiki/Category:Battles_of_the_Libyan_civil_war_(2011)" title="Category:Battles of the Libyan civil war (2011)">Battles</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;text-align: left;background-color: #eee;"><a href="/wiki/Cyrenaica" title="Cyrenaica">Cyrenaica</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bayda" title="Battle of Bayda">Battle of Bayda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Battle_of_Benghazi" title="First Battle of Benghazi">First Battle of Benghazi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Battle_of_Brega" title="First Battle of Brega">First Battle of Brega</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ra%27s_Lanuf" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Ra's Lanuf">Battle of Ra's Lanuf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bin_Jawad" title="Battle of Bin Jawad">Battle of Bin Jawad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_Brega" title="Second Battle of Brega">Second Battle of Brega</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ajdabiya" title="Battle of Ajdabiya">Battle of Ajdabiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_Benghazi" title="Second Battle of Benghazi">Second Battle of Benghazi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Gulf_of_Sidra_offensive" title="First Gulf of Sidra offensive">First Gulf of Sidra offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Battle_of_Brega" title="Third Battle of Brega">Third Battle of Brega</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Brega%E2%80%93Ajdabiya_road" title="Battle of Brega–Ajdabiya road">Battle of Brega–Ajdabiya road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyrenaican_desert_campaign" title="Cyrenaican desert campaign">Cyrenaica campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourth_Battle_of_Brega" title="Fourth Battle of Brega">Fourth Battle of Brega</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ra%27s_Lanuf_raid" class="mw-redirect" title="Ra's Lanuf raid">Ra's Lanuf raid</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;text-align: left;background-color: #eee;"><a href="/wiki/Fezzan" title="Fezzan">Fezzan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2011_Sabha_clashes" title="2011 Sabha clashes">Sabha clashes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fezzan_campaign" title="Fezzan campaign">Fezzan campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sabha" title="Battle of Sabha">Battle of Sabha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghadames_raid" class="mw-redirect" title="Ghadames raid">Ghadames raid</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;text-align: left;background-color: #eee;"><a href="/wiki/Tripolitania" title="Tripolitania">Tripolitania</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tripoli_protests_and_clashes_(February_2011)" title="Tripoli protests and clashes (February 2011)">First Tripoli clashes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Misrata_(2011)" title="Battle of Misrata (2011)">Battle of Misrata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Battle_of_Zawiya" title="First Battle of Zawiya">First Battle of Zawiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_Nafusa_Mountains_Campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="2011 Nafusa Mountains Campaign">Nafusa Mountain Campaign</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Wazzin" title="Battle of Wazzin">Battle of Wazzin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Gharyan" title="Battle of Gharyan">Battle of Gharyan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Misrata_frontline" title="Battle of the Misrata frontline">Battle of the Misrata frontline</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zliten_uprising" title="Zliten uprising">Zliten uprising</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Zliten" title="Battle of Zliten">Battle of Zliten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tawergha" title="Battle of Tawergha">Battle of Tawergha</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zawiya_skirmish" title="Zawiya skirmish">Zawiya skirmish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_Msallata_clashes" title="2011 Msallata clashes">Msallata clashes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_Libyan_rebel_coastal_offensive" title="2011 Libyan rebel coastal offensive">Rebel coastal offensive</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_Zawiya" title="Second Battle of Zawiya">Second Battle of Zawiya</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_Ras_Ajdir_clashes" title="2011 Ras Ajdir clashes">Ras Ajdir clashes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tripoli_(2011)" title="Battle of Tripoli (2011)">Battle of Tripoli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Gulf_of_Sidra_offensive" title="Second Gulf of Sidra offensive">Second Gulf of Sidra offensive</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sirte_(2011)" title="Battle of Sirte (2011)">Battle of Sirte</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bani_Walid" title="Battle of Bani Walid">Battle of Bani Walid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tripoli_clashes_(mid-October_2011)" title="Tripoli clashes (mid-October 2011)">Second Tripoli clashes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left"><a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</a> operations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Operation_Ellamy" title="Operation Ellamy">Operation Ellamy</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Op%C3%A9ration_Harmattan" title="Opération Harmattan">Opération Harmattan</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Operation_Mobile" title="Operation Mobile">Operation Mobile</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Operation_Odyssey_Dawn" title="Operation Odyssey Dawn">Operation Odyssey Dawn</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Operation_Unified_Protector" title="Operation Unified Protector">Operation Unified Protector</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left"><a href="/wiki/Category:People_of_the_Libyan_civil_war_(2011)" title="Category:People of the Libyan civil war (2011)">People</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;text-align: left;background-color: #eee;">Anti-Gaddafi</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mustafa_Abdul_Jalil" title="Mustafa Abdul Jalil">Mustafa Abdul Jalil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahmoud_Jibril" title="Mahmoud Jibril">Mahmoud Jibril</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Fatah_Younis" title="Abdul Fatah Younis">Abdul Fatah Younis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khalifa_Haftar" title="Khalifa Haftar">Khalifa Haftar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdelhakim_Belhadj" class="mw-redirect" title="Abdelhakim Belhadj">Abdelhakim Belhadj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali_al-Sallabi" title="Ali al-Sallabi">Ali al-Sallabi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Hafiz_Ghoga" title="Abdul Hafiz Ghoga">Abdul Hafiz Ghoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suleiman_Mahmoud" title="Suleiman Mahmoud">Suleiman Mahmoud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omar_El-Hariri" title="Omar El-Hariri">Omar El-Hariri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohammed_Ali_Madani" title="Mohammed Ali Madani">Mohammed Ali Madani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mustafa_Bin_Dardef" title="Mustafa Bin Dardef">Mustafa Bin Dardef</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamid_Hassy" title="Hamid Hassy">Hamid Hassy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daou_al-Salhine_al-Jadak" title="Daou al-Salhine al-Jadak">Daou al-Salhine al-Jadak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jalal_al-Digheily" title="Jalal al-Digheily">Jalal al-Digheily</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali_Tarhouni" title="Ali Tarhouni">Ali Tarhouni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdel_Moneim_al-Houni" title="Abdel Moneim al-Houni">Abdel Moneim al-Houni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali_Zeidan" title="Ali Zeidan">Ali Zeidan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdurrahim_El-Keib" title="Abdurrahim El-Keib">Abdurrahim El-Keib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osama_al-Juwaili" title="Osama al-Juwaili">Osama al-Juwaili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmed_al-Senussi" title="Ahmed al-Senussi">Ahmed al-Senussi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hussein_Darbouk" title="Hussein Darbouk">Hussein Darbouk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fathi_Terbil" title="Fathi Terbil">Fathi Terbil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali_Attalah_Obeidi" title="Ali Attalah Obeidi">Ali Attalah Obeidi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahdi_al-Harati" title="Mahdi al-Harati">Mahdi al-Harati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khalid_Shahmah" title="Khalid Shahmah">Khalid Shahmah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yousef_Mangoush" title="Yousef Mangoush">Yousef Mangoush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Oweis" title="Abu Oweis">Abu Oweis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdullah_Naker" title="Abdullah Naker">Abdullah Naker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ismail_al-Salabi" title="Ismail al-Salabi">Ismail al-Salabi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sadiq_Al-Ghariani" title="Sadiq Al-Ghariani">Sadiq Al-Ghariani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seham_Sergiwa" title="Seham Sergiwa">Seham Sergiwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fathi_Bashagha" title="Fathi Bashagha">Fathi Bashagha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mustafa_A._G._Abushagur" title="Mustafa A. G. Abushagur">Mustafa A. G. Abushagur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmed_Omar_Bani" title="Ahmed Omar Bani">Ahmed Omar Bani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Mahdi_Al-Barghathi" title="Al-Mahdi Al-Barghathi">Al-Mahdi Al-Barghathi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salwa_Bughaighis" title="Salwa Bughaighis">Salwa Bughaighis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdel-Hakim_al-Hasidi" title="Abdel-Hakim al-Hasidi">Abdel-Hakim al-Hasidi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kais_al-Hilali" title="Kais al-Hilali">Kais al-Hilali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali_Abd-al-Aziz_al-Isawi" title="Ali Abd-al-Aziz al-Isawi">Ali Abd-al-Aziz al-Isawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohammed_Magariaf" title="Mohammed Magariaf">Mohammed Magariaf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohammed_Najm" title="Mohammed Najm">Mohammed Najm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mehdi_Mohammed_Zeyo" title="Mehdi Mohammed Zeyo">Mehdi Mohammed Zeyo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahmoud_al-Werfalli" title="Mahmoud al-Werfalli">Mahmoud al-Werfalli</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;text-align: left;background-color: #eee;">Pro-Gaddafi</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Muammar_Gaddafi" title="Muammar Gaddafi">Muammar Gaddafi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abu-Bakr_Yunis_Jabr" title="Abu-Bakr Yunis Jabr">Abu-Bakr Yunis Jabr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saif_al-Islam_Gaddafi" title="Saif al-Islam Gaddafi">Saif al-Islam Gaddafi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khamis_Gaddafi" title="Khamis Gaddafi">Khamis Gaddafi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mutassim_Gaddafi" title="Mutassim Gaddafi">Mutassim Gaddafi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Saadi_Gaddafi" title="Al-Saadi Gaddafi">Al-Saadi Gaddafi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ayesha_Gaddafi" title="Ayesha Gaddafi">Ayesha Gaddafi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdullah_Senussi" title="Abdullah Senussi">Abdullah Senussi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali_Sharif_al-Rifi" title="Ali Sharif al-Rifi">Ali Sharif al-Rifi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moussa_Ibrahim" title="Moussa Ibrahim">Moussa Ibrahim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abuzed_Omar_Dorda" title="Abuzed Omar Dorda">Abuzed Omar Dorda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baghdadi_Mahmudi" title="Baghdadi Mahmudi">Baghdadi Mahmudi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mansour_Dhao" title="Mansour Dhao">Mansour Dhao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saif_al-Arab_Gaddafi" title="Saif al-Arab Gaddafi">Saif al-Arab Gaddafi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmed_al-Gaddafi_al-Qahsi" title="Ahmed al-Gaddafi al-Qahsi">Ahmed al-Gaddafi al-Qahsi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohammed_Abdullah_al-Senussi" title="Mohammed Abdullah al-Senussi">Mohammed Abdullah al-Senussi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bashir_Saleh_Bashir" class="mw-redirect" title="Bashir Saleh Bashir">Bashir Saleh Bashir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmed_Gaddaf_al-Dam" title="Ahmed Gaddaf al-Dam">Ahmed Gaddaf al-Dam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdel_Rahman_Abdel_Hamid" title="Abdel Rahman Abdel Hamid">Abdel Rahman Abdel Hamid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tohami_Khaled" title="Tohami Khaled">Tohami Khaled</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali_Kanna" title="Ali Kanna">Ali Kanna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khweldi_Hameidi" title="Khweldi Hameidi">Khweldi Hameidi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muftah_Anaqrat" title="Muftah Anaqrat">Muftah Anaqrat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hasan_al-Kabir_al-Gaddafi" title="Hasan al-Kabir al-Gaddafi">Hasan al-Kabir al-Gaddafi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohamed_Gayth" title="Mohamed Gayth">Mohamed Gayth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massoud_Abdelhafid" title="Massoud Abdelhafid">Massoud Abdelhafid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahdi_al-Arabi" title="Mahdi al-Arabi">Mahdi al-Arabi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huda_Ben_Amer" title="Huda Ben Amer">Huda Ben Amer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hala_Misrati" title="Hala Misrati">Hala Misrati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safia_Farkash" title="Safia Farkash">Safia Farkash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Ati_al-Obeidi" title="Abdul Ati al-Obeidi">Abdul Ati al-Obeidi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohamed_Abu_al-Qasim_al-Zwai" title="Mohamed Abu al-Qasim al-Zwai">Mohamed Abu al-Qasim al-Zwai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salih_Rajab_al-Mismari" title="Salih Rajab al-Mismari">Salih Rajab al-Mismari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Majid_al-Qa%E2%80%B2ud" title="Abdul Majid al-Qa′ud">Abdul Majid al-Qa′ud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tayeb_El-Safi" title="Tayeb El-Safi">Tayeb El-Safi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sayyid_Gaddaf_al-Dam" title="Sayyid Gaddaf al-Dam">Sayyid Gaddaf al-Dam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bashir_Saghir_Hawadi" title="Bashir Saghir Hawadi">Bashir Saghir Hawadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdulqadir_al-Baghdadi" title="Abdulqadir al-Baghdadi">Abdulqadir al-Baghdadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mustafa_Kharoubi" title="Mustafa Kharoubi">Mustafa Kharoubi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;text-align: left;background-color: #eee;">NATO</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/James_G._Stavridis" title="James G. Stavridis">James G. Stavridis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Bouchard" title="Charles Bouchard">Charles Bouchard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Jodice" title="Ralph Jodice">Ralph Jodice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rinaldo_Veri" title="Rinaldo Veri">Rinaldo Veri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Christopher_Stevens" title="J. Christopher Stevens">J. Christopher Stevens</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;text-align: left;background-color: #eee;">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Moussa_Koussa" title="Moussa Koussa">Moussa Koussa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shukri_Ghanem" title="Shukri Ghanem">Shukri Ghanem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdel_Rahman_Shalgham" title="Abdel Rahman Shalgham">Abdel Rahman Shalgham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdessalam_Jalloud" title="Abdessalam Jalloud">Abdessalam Jalloud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali_Treki" title="Ali Treki">Ali Treki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imbarek_Shamekh" title="Imbarek Shamekh">Imbarek Shamekh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuri_al-Mismari" title="Nuri al-Mismari">Nuri al-Mismari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohammed_Nabbous" title="Mohammed Nabbous">Mohammed Nabbous</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iman_al-Obeidi" title="Iman al-Obeidi">Iman al-Obeidi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohammed_El_Senussi" title="Mohammed El Senussi">Prince Mohammed El Senussi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idris_bin_Abdullah_al-Senussi" title="Idris bin Abdullah al-Senussi">Prince Idris bin Abdullah al-Senussi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hussein_Sadiq_al_Musrati" title="Hussein Sadiq al Musrati">Hussein Sadiq al Musrati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mustafa_Ben_Halim" title="Mustafa Ben Halim">Mustafa Ben Halim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ihab_Al-Mismari" title="Ihab Al-Mismari">Ihab Al-Mismari</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left">Places, buildings<br />and structures</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Salim_prison" title="Abu Salim prison">Abu Salim prison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bab_al-Azizia" title="Bab al-Azizia">Bab al-Azizia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fist_Crushing_a_U.S._Fighter_Plane_Sculpture" class="mw-redirect" title="Fist Crushing a U.S. Fighter Plane Sculpture">Fist Crushing a U.S. Fighter Plane Sculpture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giuliana_Bridge" title="Giuliana Bridge">Giuliana Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martyrs%27_Square,_Tripoli" title="Martyrs' Square, Tripoli">Green Square/Martyrs' Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maydan_al_Shajara" title="Maydan al Shajara">Maydan al Shajara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitiga_International_Airport" title="Mitiga International Airport">Mitiga International Airport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Hall,_Tripoli" title="People's Hall, Tripoli">People's Hall, Tripoli</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left">Impact</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Casualties_of_the_Libyan_civil_war_(2011)" title="Casualties of the Libyan civil war (2011)">Casualties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domestic_responses_to_the_Libyan_Civil_War_(2011)" class="mw-redirect" title="Domestic responses to the Libyan Civil War (2011)">Domestic responses</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Human rights violations</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2011_Libyan_rape_allegations" title="2011 Libyan rape allegations">Rape allegations</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humanitarian_situation_during_the_2011_Libyan_Civil_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Humanitarian situation during the 2011 Libyan Civil War">Humanitarian situation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Libyan_refugees" title="Libyan refugees">Refugees</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_reactions_to_the_Libyan_civil_war_(2011)" title="International reactions to the Libyan civil war (2011)">International reactions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_reactions_to_the_2011_military_intervention_in_Libya" title="International reactions to the 2011 military intervention in Libya">International reactions to military intervention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protests_against_the_2011_military_intervention_in_Libya" title="Protests against the 2011 military intervention in Libya">Protests against military intervention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/US_domestic_reactions_to_the_2011_military_intervention_in_Libya" title="US domestic reactions to the 2011 military intervention in Libya">U.S. reactions to military intervention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_reactions_to_the_killing_of_Muammar_Gaddafi" title="International reactions to the killing of Muammar Gaddafi">International reactions to Gaddafi's death</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Factional_violence_in_Libya_(2011%E2%80%932014)" title="Factional violence in Libya (2011–2014)">Factional violence in Libya</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2012_Benghazi_attack" title="2012 Benghazi attack">2012 Benghazi attack</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libyan_civil_war_(2014%E2%80%932020)" title="Libyan civil war (2014–2020)">2014–2020 civil war</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Libyan_civil_war_(2014%E2%80%932020)" title="Timeline of the Libyan civil war (2014–2020)">Timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manchester_Arena_bombing" title="Manchester Arena bombing">Manchester Arena bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afriqiyah_Airways_Flight_209" title="Afriqiyah Airways Flight 209">Afriqiyah Airways Flight 209</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belarus_in_Libyan_conflict" class="mw-redirect" title="Belarus in Libyan conflict">Belarus in Libyan conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(Libya)" title="Democratic Party (Libya)">Democratic Party (Libya)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libyan_Freedom_and_Democracy_Campaign" title="Libyan Freedom and Democracy Campaign">Libyan Freedom and Democracy Campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_speech_in_the_media_during_the_2011_Libyan_Civil_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Free speech in the media during the 2011 Libyan Civil War">Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Transitional_Council" title="National Transitional Council">National Transitional Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_reactions_to_the_First_Libyan_Civil_War#UK_squatting_by_'Topple_the_Tyrants'" class="mw-redirect" title="International reactions to the First Libyan Civil War">Topple the Tyrants</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_General_Assembly_Resolution_65/265" title="United Nations General Assembly Resolution 65/265">United Nations General Assembly Resolution 65/265</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_1970" title="United Nations Security Council Resolution 1970">United Nations Security Council Resolution 1970</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_1973" title="United Nations Security Council Resolution 1973">United Nations Security Council Resolution 1973</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_2009" title="United Nations Security Council Resolution 2009">United Nations Security Council Resolution 2009</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_2016" title="United Nations Security Council Resolution 2016">United Nations Security Council Resolution 2016</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voice_of_Free_Libya" title="Voice of Free Libya">Voice of Free Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zenga_Zenga" title="Zenga Zenga">Zenga Zenga</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><i>Italics</i> denote operations or battles related to the <a href="/wiki/2011_military_intervention_in_Libya" title="2011 military intervention in Libya">military intervention in Libya</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Libyan_civil_war_(2011)" title="Category:Libyan civil war (2011)"><b>Category</b></a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Libyan_civil_war_(2011)" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Libyan civil war (2011)"><b>Commons</b></a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikinews-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wikinews page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/16px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/24px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/32px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="759" data-file-height="415" /></a></span> <a href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Category:2011_Libyan_uprising" class="extiw" title="wikinews:Category:2011 Libyan uprising"><b>Wikinews</b></a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Wikiquote page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/13px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/20px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/27px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></span></span> <a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/2011_Libyan_civil_war" class="extiw" title="wikiquote:2011 Libyan civil war"><b>Wikiquotes</b></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="War_crimes" style=";wide;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:War_crimes" title="Template:War crimes"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:War_crimes" title="Template talk:War crimes"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:War_crimes" title="Special:EditPage/Template:War crimes"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="War_crimes" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/War_crime" title="War crime">War crimes</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_war_crimes" title="List of war crimes">List of war crimes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/International_humanitarian_law" title="International humanitarian law">International<br />humanitarian law</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Sources_of_international_law" title="Sources of international law">Sources</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lieber_Code" title="Lieber Code">Lieber Code</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Petersburg_Declaration_of_1868" title="Saint Petersburg Declaration of 1868">Saint Petersburg Declaration of 1868</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hague_Conventions_of_1899_and_1907" title="Hague Conventions of 1899 and 1907">Hague Conventions of 1899 and 1907</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geneva_Protocol" title="Geneva Protocol">Geneva Protocol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geneva_Conventions" title="Geneva Conventions">Geneva Conventions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1864_Geneva_Convention" class="mw-redirect" title="1864 Geneva Convention">1864</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Geneva_Convention" title="First Geneva Convention">First (1949)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Geneva_Convention" title="Second Geneva Convention">Second (1949)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Geneva_Convention" title="Third Geneva Convention">Third (1949)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourth_Geneva_Convention" title="Fourth Geneva Convention">Fourth (1949)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protocol_I" title="Protocol I">Protocol I (1977)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protocol_II" title="Protocol II">Protocol II (1977)</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Responsibility_to_protect" title="Responsibility to protect">Responsibility to protect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rome_Statute" title="Rome Statute">Rome Statute</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Court" title="International Criminal Court">International Criminal Court</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;">Topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Civilian" title="Civilian">Civilians</a> and <a href="/wiki/Non-combatant" title="Non-combatant">non-combatants</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Civilian_casualty" title="Civilian casualty">Civilian casualties</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Command_responsibility" title="Command responsibility">Command responsibility</a> / <a href="/wiki/Superior_orders" title="Superior orders">Superior orders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Distinction_(law)" title="Distinction (law)">Distinction</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hors_de_combat" title="Hors de combat">Hors de combat</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intention_(criminal_law)" title="Intention (criminal law)">Intent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joint_criminal_enterprise" title="Joint criminal enterprise">Joint criminal enterprise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medical_neutrality" title="Medical neutrality">Medical neutrality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_necessity" title="Military necessity">Military necessity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prisoner_of_war" title="Prisoner of war">Prisoners of war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proportionality_(law)" title="Proportionality (law)">Proportionality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protected_persons" title="Protected persons">Protected persons</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ruse_de_guerre" title="Ruse de guerre">Ruse de guerre</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safe_conduct" title="Safe conduct">Safe conduct</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;">War crimes by type</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Attacks on <a href="/wiki/Attacks_on_humanitarian_workers" title="Attacks on humanitarian workers">humanitarian workers</a> / <a href="/wiki/Attacks_on_parachutists" title="Attacks on parachutists">parachutists</a>‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Children_in_the_military" title="Children in the military">Child soldiers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collective_punishment" title="Collective punishment">Collective punishment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criminal_order_(international_law)" title="Criminal order (international law)">Criminal orders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_flights" title="Death flights">Death flights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_march" title="Death march">Death marches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desecration_of_graves" class="mw-redirect" title="Desecration of graves">Desecration of graves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Destruction_of_the_healthcare_system" title="Destruction of the healthcare system">Destruction of the healthcare system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enforced_disappearance" title="Enforced disappearance">Enforced disappearances</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extrajudicial_killing" title="Extrajudicial killing">Extrajudicial killings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hostage" title="Hostage">Hostage-taking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_trophy_collecting" title="Human trophy collecting">Human trophy collecting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indiscriminate_attack" title="Indiscriminate attack">Indiscriminate attacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Looting" title="Looting">Looting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massacre" title="Massacre">Massacres</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mass_killing" title="Mass killing">Mass killings</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No_quarter" title="No quarter">No quarter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perfidy" title="Perfidy">Perfidy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Starvation_(crime)" title="Starvation (crime)">Starvation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torture" title="Torture">Torture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_shield_(law)" title="Human shield (law)">Use of human shields</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wartime_sexual_violence" title="Wartime sexual violence">Wartime sexual violence</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;">War crimes<br />committed by...</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_war_crimes" title="Croatian war crimes">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_war_crimes" title="German war crimes">Germany</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/War_crimes_of_the_Wehrmacht" title="War crimes of the Wehrmacht">Wehrmacht</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israeli_war_crimes" title="Israeli war crimes">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_war_crimes" title="Italian war crimes">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_war_crimes" title="Japanese war crimes">Japan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Unit_731" title="Unit 731">Unit 731</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palestinian_political_violence" title="Palestinian political violence">Palestinian political violence</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hamas_war_crimes" title="Hamas war crimes">Hamas</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_war_crimes" title="Russian war crimes">Russia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_war_crimes" title="Soviet war crimes">Soviet Union</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbian_war_crimes" title="Serbian war crimes">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_war_crimes" title="Turkish war crimes">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates_war_crimes" title="United Arab Emirates war crimes">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_war_crimes" title="British war crimes">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_war_crimes" title="United States war crimes">United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;">War crimes by war</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/War_crimes_in_Afghanistan" title="War crimes in Afghanistan">Afghanistan wars</a></li> <li>2nd <a href="/wiki/Second_Chechen_War_crimes_and_terrorism" title="Second Chechen War crimes and terrorism">Chechen War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_crimes_in_the_Iraq_War" class="mw-redirect" title="War crimes in the Iraq War">Iraq War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_crimes_in_the_Korean_War" title="War crimes in the Korean War">Korean War</a></li> <li>2006 <a href="/wiki/War_crimes_in_the_2006_Lebanon_War" title="War crimes in the 2006 Lebanon War">Lebanon War</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Libyan civil war</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_crimes_during_the_Myanmar_civil_war_(2021%E2%80%93present)" title="War crimes during the Myanmar civil war (2021–present)">Myanmar civil war</a> (2021–present)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Nagorno-Karabakh_conflict" title="Nagorno-Karabakh conflict">Nagorno-Karabakh conflict</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/War_crimes_in_the_First_Nagorno-Karabakh_War" class="mw-redirect" title="War crimes in the First Nagorno-Karabakh War">First war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_crimes_in_the_Second_Nagorno-Karabakh_War" title="War crimes in the Second Nagorno-Karabakh War">Second war</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Israeli%E2%80%93Palestinian_conflict" title="Israeli–Palestinian conflict">Israeli–Palestinian conflict</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gaza%E2%80%93Israel_conflict" title="Gaza–Israel conflict">Gaza</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/War_crimes_in_the_Gaza_War_(2008%E2%80%932009)" title="War crimes in the Gaza War (2008–2009)">2008–2009</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_crimes_in_the_Israel%E2%80%93Hamas_war" title="War crimes in the Israel–Hamas war">2023–present</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Israeli_war_crimes_in_the_Israel%E2%80%93Hamas_war" title="Israeli war crimes in the Israel–Hamas war">by Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Gaza_Strip_healthcare_collapse" title="Timeline of the Gaza Strip healthcare collapse">Destruction of the healthcare system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Destruction_of_cultural_heritage_during_the_Israeli_invasion_of_the_Gaza_Strip" title="Destruction of cultural heritage during the Israeli invasion of the Gaza Strip">Destruction of cultural heritage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Court_arrest_warrants_for_Israeli_leaders" title="International Criminal Court arrest warrants for Israeli leaders">ICC arrest warrants</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attacks_on_health_facilities_during_the_Israel%E2%80%93Hamas_war" title="Attacks on health facilities during the Israel–Hamas war">health facilities</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ICJ_case_on_Israel%27s_occupation_of_the_Palestinian_territories" title="ICJ case on Israel's occupation of the Palestinian territories">in the occupied Palestinian territories</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Atrocity_crimes_during_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Atrocity crimes during the Russo-Ukrainian War">Russo-Ukrainian War</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Humanitarian_situation_during_the_war_in_Donbas" title="Humanitarian situation during the war in Donbas">War in Donbas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_crimes_in_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="War crimes in the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Russian invasion of Ukraine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Sino-Japanese_War" title="Second Sino-Japanese War">2nd Sino-Japanese War</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/War_crimes_in_Manchukuo" title="War crimes in Manchukuo">Manchukuo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_crimes_during_the_final_stages_of_the_Sri_Lankan_civil_war" title="War crimes during the final stages of the Sri Lankan civil war">Sri Lankan civil war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_crimes_during_the_Sudanese_civil_war_(2023%E2%80%93present)" title="War crimes during the Sudanese civil war (2023–present)">Sudanese civil war</a> (2023–present)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_crimes_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="War crimes in the Syrian civil war">Syrian civil war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_crimes_in_the_Tigray_war" title="War crimes in the Tigray war">Tigray war‎</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_crimes_in_World_War_I" title="War crimes in World War I">World War I</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/War_crimes_in_World_War_II" title="War crimes in World War II">World War II</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allied_war_crimes_during_World_War_II" title="Allied war crimes during World War II">Allied</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Axis_war_crimes" class="mw-redirect" title="Axis war crimes">Axis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_crimes_in_the_Yemeni_civil_war_(2014%E2%80%93present)" title="War crimes in the Yemeni civil war (2014–present)">Yemeni civil war</a> (2014–present)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/War_crimes_in_the_Yugoslav_Wars" class="mw-redirect" title="War crimes in the Yugoslav Wars">Yugoslav Wars</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/War_crimes_in_the_Kosovo_War" title="War crimes in the Kosovo War">Kosovo War</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/War_crimes_trial" title="War crimes trial">War crimes trials</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_crime_apologia" title="War crime apologia">War crime apologia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_global_issues" title="List of global issues">List of global issues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-conflict_reception_of_war_criminals" title="Post-conflict reception of war criminals">Post-conflict reception of war criminals</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th id="Other_international_crimes" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;font-weight:normal;">Other <a href="/wiki/International_criminal_law" title="International criminal law">international crimes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atrocity_crime" title="Atrocity crime">Atrocity crimes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crimes_against_humanity" title="Crimes against humanity">Crimes against humanity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_of_aggression" title="Crime of aggression">Crimes of aggression</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genocide" title="Genocide">Genocide</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><div>‡ Does not apply to <a href="/wiki/Airborne_forces" title="Airborne forces">airborne forces</a> (i.e. <a href="/wiki/Paratrooper" title="Paratrooper">paratroopers</a>) <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" 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