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vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">sorokkan</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Permulaan</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Asal_usul_dan_penggunaan_istilah" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Asal_usul_dan_penggunaan_istilah"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Asal usul dan penggunaan istilah</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Asal_usul_dan_penggunaan_istilah-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Togol subbahagian Asal usul dan penggunaan istilah</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Asal_usul_dan_penggunaan_istilah-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Definisi_yang_lebih_mendalam" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Definisi_yang_lebih_mendalam"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Definisi yang lebih mendalam</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Definisi_yang_lebih_mendalam-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rujukan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rujukan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Rujukan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rujukan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Kandungan" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Togol isi kandungan" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Togol isi kandungan</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Biosfera</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Pergi ke rencana dalam bahasa lain. Tersedia dalam 96 bahasa" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-96" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">96 bahasa</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biosfeer" title="Biosfeer – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Biosfeer" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Абиосфера – Abkhazia" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Абиосфера" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="Abkhazia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%8A%D8%B7_%D8%AD%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%8A" title="محيط حيوي – Arab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="محيط حيوي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biosfera" title="Biosfera – Asturia" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Biosfera" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biosfer" title="Biosfer – Azerbaijan" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Biosfer" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biosfer" title="Biosfer – Indonesia" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Biosfer" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%A3%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%B2" title="জীবমণ্ডল – Benggali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="জীবমণ্ডল" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Benggali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biosfer" title="Biosfer – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Biosfer" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Биосфера – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Биосфера" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%96%D1%8F%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Біясфера – Belarus" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Біясфера" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%96%D1%8F%D1%81%D1%84%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Біясфэра – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Біясфэра" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B0" title="बायोस्फियर – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="बायोस्फियर" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biosfera" title="Biosfera – Bosnia" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Biosfera" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biosferenn" title="Biosferenn – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Biosferenn" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Биосфера – Bulgaria" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Биосфера" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biosfera" title="Biosfera – Catalonia" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Biosfera" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Биосфера – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Биосфера" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biosf%C3%A9ra" title="Biosféra – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Biosféra" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biosffer" title="Biosffer – Wales" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Biosffer" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Wales" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biosf%C3%A6re" title="Biosfære – Denmark" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Biosfære" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Denmark" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biosph%C3%A4re" title="Biosphäre – Jerman" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Biosphäre" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biosf%C3%A4%C3%A4r" title="Biosfäär – Estonia" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Biosfäär" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%92%CE%B9%CF%8C%CF%83%CF%86%CE%B1%CE%B9%CF%81%CE%B1" title="Βιόσφαιρα – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Βιόσφαιρα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biosphere" title="Biosphere – Inggeris" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Biosphere" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Inggeris" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bi%C3%B3sfera" title="Biósfera – Sepanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Biósfera" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Sepanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biosfero" title="Biosfero – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Biosfero" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biosfera" title="Biosfera – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Biosfera" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA%E2%80%8C%DA%A9%D8%B1%D9%87" title="زیست‌کره – Parsi" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="زیست‌کره" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Parsi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biosph%C3%A8re" title="Biosphère – Perancis" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Biosphère" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Perancis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biosfere" title="Biosfere – Friulian" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Biosfere" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Friulian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bithsf%C3%A9ar" title="Bithsféar – Ireland" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Bithsféar" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Ireland" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biosfera" title="Biosfera – Galicia" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Biosfera" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galicia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%83%9D%EB%AC%BC%EA%B6%8C" title="생물권 – Korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="생물권" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BF%D5%A5%D5%B6%D5%BD%D5%B8%D5%AC%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%BF" title="Կենսոլորտ – Armenia" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Կենսոլորտ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%B2" title="जैवमण्डल – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="जैवमण्डल" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biosfera" title="Biosfera – Croatia" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Biosfera" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%ADfhvolf" title="Lífhvolf – Iceland" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Lífhvolf" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Iceland" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biosfera" title="Biosfera – Itali" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Biosfera" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Itali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%99%D7%95%D7%A1%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%94" title="ביוספירה – Ibrani" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ביוספירה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Ibrani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biosfer" title="Biosfer – Jawa" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Biosfer" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Jawa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%9C%E0%B3%80%E0%B2%B5_%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A1%E0%B2%B2" title="ಜೀವ ಮಂಡಲ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಜೀವ ಮಂಡಲ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%91%E1%83%98%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A4%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D" title="ბიოსფერო – Georgia" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ბიოსფერო" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Биосфера – Kazakhstan" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Биосфера" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakhstan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Биосфера – Kirghiz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Биосфера" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kirghiz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Byosf%C3%A8" title="Byosfè – Kreol Haiti" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Byosfè" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Kreol Haiti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biosf%C4%93ra" title="Biosfēra – Latvia" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Biosfēra" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biosph%C3%A4r" title="Biosphär – Luxembourg" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Biosphär" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biosfera" title="Biosfera – Lithuania" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Biosfera" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioszf%C3%A9ra" title="Bioszféra – Hungary" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Bioszféra" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungary" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Биосфера – Macedonia" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Биосфера" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%9C%E0%B5%88%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%A3%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%82" title="ജൈവമണ്ഡലം – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ജൈവമണ്ഡലം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%91%E1%83%98%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A4%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D" title="ბიოსფერო – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ბიოსფერო" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8C" title="Биосферась – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Биосферась" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B8%D0%BC_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Шим мандал – Mongolia" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Шим мандал" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biosfeer" title="Biosfeer – Belanda" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Biosfeer" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Belanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%9C%8F" title="生物圏 – Jepun" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="生物圏" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Jepun" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="rencana pilihan"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biosf%C3%A6re" title="Biosfære – Bokmal Norway" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Biosfære" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Bokmal Norway" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biosf%C3%A8ra" title="Biosfèra – Occitania" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Biosfèra" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baayoosfeerii" title="Baayoosfeerii – Oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Baayoosfeerii" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="Oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biosfera" title="Biosfera – Uzbekistan" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Biosfera" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbekistan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%9C%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B5-%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%A1%E0%A8%B2" title="ਜੀਵ-ਮੰਡਲ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਜੀਵ-ਮੰਡਲ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%81%DB%8C%D8%A6%D8%B1" title="بائیوسفیئر – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="بائیوسفیئر" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%81%DB%8C%D8%B1" title="بایوسفیر – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="بایوسفیر" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biosfera" title="Biosfera – Poland" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Biosfera" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Poland" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biosfera" title="Biosfera – Portugis" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Biosfera" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biosfera" title="Biosfera – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Biosfera" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biosfer%C4%83" title="Biosferă – Romania" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Biosferă" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kawsay_pacha" title="Kawsay pacha – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Kawsay pacha" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Биосфера – Rusia" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Биосфера" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Биосфера – Sakha" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Биосфера" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Sakha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biosfera" title="Biosfera – Albania" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Biosfera" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%A2%E0%B7%9B%E0%B7%80_%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%9D%E0%B6%BD%E0%B6%BA" title="ජෛව ගෝලය – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ජෛව ගෝලය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biosphere" title="Biosphere – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Biosphere" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%8A_%D8%AC%D9%88_%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B1%D9%88" title="حياتي جو دائرو – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="حياتي جو دائرو" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biosf%C3%A9ra" title="Biosféra – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Biosféra" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biosfera" title="Biosfera – Slovenia" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Biosfera" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%98%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%AF%DB%86" title="ژینگۆ – Kurdi Tengah" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ژینگۆ" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Kurdi Tengah" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Биосфера – Serbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Биосфера" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biosfera" title="Biosfera – SerboCroatia" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Biosfera" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="SerboCroatia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biosf%C3%A4%C3%A4ri" title="Biosfääri – Finland" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Biosfääri" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finland" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biosf%C3%A4r" title="Biosfär – Sweden" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Biosfär" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Sweden" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biyospero" title="Biyospero – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Biyospero" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%89%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%B3%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="உயிர்க்கோளம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="உயிர்க்கோளம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Биосфера – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Биосфера" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%91%E0%B8%A5" title="ชีวมณฑล – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ชีวมณฑล" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinh_quy%E1%BB%83n" title="Sinh quyển – Vietnam" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Sinh quyển" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Биосфера – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Биосфера" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biyosfer" title="Biyosfer – Turki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Biyosfer" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biosfera" title="Biosfera – Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Biosfera" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%96%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Біосфера – Ukraine" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Біосфера" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukraine" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%B1%DB%81_%D8%AD%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%8C" title="کرہ حیاتی – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="کرہ حیاتی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biosfeer" title="Biosfeer – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Biosfeer" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biyospira" title="Biyospira – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Biyospira" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%9C%88" title="生物圈 – Cina Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="生物圈" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Cina Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%9C%88" title="生物圈 – Kantonis" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="生物圈" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kantonis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%9C%88" title="生物圈 – Cina" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="生物圈" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Cina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q42762#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Sunting pautan antara bahasa" class="wbc-editpage">Sunting pautan</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Ruang nama"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet 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</div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ms" dir="ltr"><figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fail:Seawifs_global_biosphere.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Seawifs_global_biosphere.jpg/360px-Seawifs_global_biosphere.jpg" decoding="async" width="360" height="230" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Seawifs_global_biosphere.jpg/540px-Seawifs_global_biosphere.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Seawifs_global_biosphere.jpg/720px-Seawifs_global_biosphere.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="819" /></a><figcaption>Komposit lautan dan daratan dari September 1997 hingga Ogos 200 berdasarkan Projek SeaWiFS, <a href="/wiki/NASA" class="mw-redirect" title="NASA">NASA</a> dan ORBIMAGE.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Biosfera</b> merujuk kepada kesemua ekosistem global. Biosfera turut merujuk kepada zon <a href="/wiki/Kehidupan" class="mw-redirect" title="Kehidupan">kehidupan</a> di <a href="/wiki/Bumi" title="Bumi">Bumi</a> yang merupakan suatu sistem tertutup (selain daripada sinaran suria dan kosmik dan haba dari bahagian dalam Bumi) dan berterusan.<sup id="cite_ref-ColumbiaEncyc_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ColumbiaEncyc-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Berdasarkan perspektif biofisiologi, biosfera meruapakn sistem <a href="/wiki/Ekologi" title="Ekologi">ekologi</a> global yang mengintegerasikan semua hidupan, termasuklah interaksi mereka dengan unsur-unsur <a href="/wiki/Litosfera" title="Litosfera">litosfera</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hidrosfera" title="Hidrosfera">hidrosfera</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Atmosfera" class="mw-redirect" title="Atmosfera">atmosfera</a>. Terdapat postulasi yang mengatakan biosfera telah berkembang atau membesar, bermula dari proses <a href="/w/index.php?title=Biogenesis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Biogenesis (laman tidak wujud)">biogenesis</a> atau <a href="/wiki/Asal-Usul_Spesies" class="mw-redirect" title="Asal-Usul Spesies">biopoesis</a> yang berlaku kira-kira 3.5 billion tahun yang lalu.<sup id="cite_ref-Campbell_2006_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Campbell_2006-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Secara amnya, biosfera merujuk kepada ekosistem tertutup yang mempunyai sistem pengawalan tersendiri termasuklah jenis tiruan seperti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Biosphere_2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Biosphere 2 (laman tidak wujud)">Biosphere 2</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=BIOS-3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="BIOS-3 (laman tidak wujud)">BIOS-3</a> dan kemungkinan termasuklah planet atau bulan lain.<sup id="cite_ref-webdictionary.co.uk_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-webdictionary.co.uk-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Asal_usul_dan_penggunaan_istilah">Asal usul dan penggunaan istilah</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biosfera&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Sunting bahagian: Asal usul dan penggunaan istilah" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biosfera&action=edit&section=1" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Asal usul dan penggunaan istilah"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Istilah "biosfera" mula digunakan oleh ahli geologi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eduard_Suess&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eduard Suess (laman tidak wujud)">Eduard Suess</a> pada 1875, yang ditakrifkan sebagai:<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r6366573">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 50px;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .templatequote .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;padding-left:1.5em;padding-top:1.0em;margin-top:0}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>"Lokasi pada permukaan Bumi di mana kehidupan tinggal."</p></blockquote> <p>Walaupun konsep ini berasas dari asal-usul geologi, biosfera menunjukkan sumbangan <a href="/wiki/Charles_Darwin" title="Charles Darwin">Charles Darwin</a> dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Matthew_F._Maury&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Matthew F. Maury (laman tidak wujud)">Matthew F. Maury</a> dalam bidang <a href="/wiki/Sains_bumi" title="Sains bumi">sains bumi</a>. Konteks ekologi dalam biosfera mula digunakan pada tahun 1920-an, menggantikan istilah "<a href="/wiki/Ekosistem" title="Ekosistem">ekosistem</a>" yang digunakan oleh <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sir_Arthur_Tansley&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sir Arthur Tansley (laman tidak wujud)">Sir Arthur Tansley</a> pada 1935. Vladimir I. Vernadsky mentakrifkan <a href="/wiki/Ekologi" title="Ekologi">ekologi</a> sebagai sains kajian biosfera, yang merupakan disiplin integerasi <a href="/wiki/Astronomi" title="Astronomi">astronomi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Meteorologi" title="Meteorologi">meteorologi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Biogeografi" title="Biogeografi">biogeografi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Evolusi" title="Evolusi">evolusi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Geologi" title="Geologi">geologi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Geokimia" title="Geokimia">geokimia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hidrologi" title="Hidrologi">hidrologi</a> dan secara amnya kajian semua kehidupan dan sains bumi. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Definisi_yang_lebih_mendalam">Definisi yang lebih mendalam</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biosfera&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Sunting bahagian: Definisi yang lebih mendalam" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biosfera&action=edit&section=2" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Definisi yang lebih mendalam"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sesetengah saintis menggunakan istilah biosfera dengan terhad. Sebagai contoh, ahli geokimia mentakrifkan biosfera sebagai jumlah organisma hidup (bersamaan dengan istilah "<a href="/wiki/Biojisim" title="Biojisim">biojisim</a>" atau "<a href="/wiki/Biota_(ekologi)" title="Biota (ekologi)">biota</a>" yang digunakan ahli biologi dan ekologi). Berdasarkan takrifan ini, biosfera ialah salah satu daripada empat komponen berlainan model geokimia, yang juga terdiri daripada <a href="/wiki/Litosfera" title="Litosfera">litosfera</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hidrosfera" title="Hidrosfera">hidrosfera</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Atmosfera" class="mw-redirect" title="Atmosfera">atmosfera</a>. Definisi terhad ini digunakan ahli geokimia disebabkan pengkhususan dalam sains moden. Sesetengah saintis menggunakan istilah ekosfera, yang mula digunakan pada 1960an, yang merujuk kepada komponen biologi dan fizikal planet. </p><p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Rujukan">Rujukan</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biosfera&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Sunting bahagian: Rujukan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biosfera&action=edit&section=3" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Rujukan"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-ColumbiaEncyc-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ColumbiaEncyc_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r6405196">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:var(--color-subtle,#54595d)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.questia.com/library/encyclopedia/biosphere.jsp">"<i>Biosphere</i>"</a>. <i>The Columbia Encyclopedia, Edisi Keenam</i>. Columbia University Press. 2004<span class="reference-accessdate">. Dicapai pada <span class="nowrap">12 November</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Biosphere&rft.btitle=The+Columbia+Encyclopedia%2C+Edisi+Keenam&rft.pub=Columbia+University+Press&rft.date=2004&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.questia.com%2Flibrary%2Fencyclopedia%2Fbiosphere.jsp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3ABiosfera" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Campbell_2006-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Campbell_2006_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r6405196"><cite id="CITEREFCampbell2006" class="citation book cs1">Campbell, Neil A. (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.phschool.com/el_marketing.html"><i>Biology: Exploring Life</i></a>. Boston, Massachusetts: Pearson Prentice Hall. <a href="/wiki/Nombor_Buku_Piawai_Antarabangsa" title="Nombor Buku Piawai Antarabangsa">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Khas:Sumber_buku/0-13-250882-6" title="Khas:Sumber buku/0-13-250882-6"><bdi>0-13-250882-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Biology%3A+Exploring+Life&rft.place=Boston%2C+Massachusetts&rft.pub=Pearson+Prentice+Hall&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=0-13-250882-6&rft.aulast=Campbell&rft.aufirst=Neil+A.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.phschool.com%2Fel_marketing.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3ABiosfera" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error error citation-comment">Unknown parameter <code class="cs1-code">|coauthors=</code> ignored (<code class="cs1-code">|author=</code> suggested) (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#parameter_ignored_suggest" class="extiw" title="en:Help:CS1 errors">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-webdictionary.co.uk-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-webdictionary.co.uk_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r6405196"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.webdictionary.co.uk/definition.php?query=biosphere">"Meaning of biosphere"</a>. <i>WebDictionary.co.uk</i>. WebDictionary.co.uk<span class="reference-accessdate">. Dicapai pada <span class="nowrap">2010-11-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=WebDictionary.co.uk&rft.atitle=Meaning+of+biosphere&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.webdictionary.co.uk%2Fdefinition.php%3Fquery%3Dbiosphere&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3ABiosfera" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Seuss, E. (1875) <i>Die Entstehung Der Alpen</i> [<i>The Origin of the Alps</i>]. Vienna: W. Braunmuller.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Topik_berkaitan_Bumi" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r5375175">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output 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transparent;color:inherit;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">b</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-sunting"><a class="external text" href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Templat:Bumi&action=edit"><abbr title="Sunting templat ini" style="text-align: center;;;background:none transparent;color:inherit;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">s</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Topik_berkaitan_Bumi" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Topik berkaitan <a href="/wiki/Bumi" title="Bumi">Bumi</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Sejarah</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Usia_Bumi" title="Usia Bumi">Usia Bumi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sejarah_evolusi_kehidupan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sejarah evolusi kehidupan (laman tidak wujud)">Sejarah evolusi kehidupan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paradoks_Matahari_muda_samar" title="Paradoks Matahari muda samar">Paradoks Matahari muda samar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pembentukan_dan_evolusi_Sistem_Suria" title="Pembentukan dan evolusi Sistem Suria">Pembentukan dan evolusi Sistem Suria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masa_depan_Bumi" title="Masa depan Bumi">Masa depan Bumi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skala_masa_geologi" title="Skala masa geologi">Skala masa geologi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sejarah_geologi_Bumi" title="Sejarah geologi Bumi">Sejarah geologi Bumi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sejarah_Bumi" title="Sejarah Bumi">Sejarah Bumi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Garis_masa_sejarah_evolusi_kehidupan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Garis masa sejarah evolusi kehidupan (laman tidak wujud)">Garis masa evolusi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r5857753">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Geografi</li><li>Geologi</li></ul></div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teorem_Clairaut&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teorem Clairaut (laman tidak wujud)">Teorem Clairaut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benua" title="Benua">Benua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gempa_bumi" title="Gempa bumi">Gempa bumi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bonjol_khatulistiwa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bonjol khatulistiwa (laman tidak wujud)">Bonjol khatulistiwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lokasi_ekstrim_di_Bumi" title="Lokasi ekstrim di Bumi">Lokasi ekstrim di Bumi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geologi_planet_terestrial_suria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Geologi planet terestrial suria (laman tidak wujud)">Geologi planet terestrial suria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geofizik" title="Geofizik">Geofizik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tektonik_plat" title="Tektonik plat">Tektonik plat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Struktur_Bumi" title="Struktur Bumi">Struktur Bumi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zon_waktu" title="Zon waktu">Zon waktu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Ekologi</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hari_Bumi" title="Hari Bumi">Hari Bumi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pemanasan_global" class="mw-redirect" title="Pemanasan global">Pemanasan global</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antropogen" title="Antropogen">Kesan manusia terhadap alam sekitar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Pengimejan</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Apple_Maps&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apple Maps (laman tidak wujud)">Apple Maps</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Baidu_Maps&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baidu Maps (laman tidak wujud)">Baidu Maps</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bhuvan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bhuvan (laman tidak wujud)">Bhuvan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bing_Maps&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bing Maps (laman tidak wujud)">Bing Maps</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Global_Map&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Global Map (laman tidak wujud)">Global Map</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Earth" title="Google Earth">Google Earth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Maps" class="mw-redirect" title="Google Maps">Google Maps</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=MapmyIndia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MapmyIndia (laman tidak wujud)">MapmyIndia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NASA_World_Wind&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NASA World Wind (laman tidak wujud)">NASA World Wind</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Here_(syarikat)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Here (syarikat) (laman tidak wujud)">Here</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap">OpenStreetMap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikimapia" title="Wikimapia">Wikimapia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Remote_sensing" class="mw-redirect" title="Remote sensing">Remote sensing</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yahoo!_Maps&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yahoo! Maps (laman tidak wujud)">Yahoo! Maps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yandex" title="Yandex"> Yandex Maps</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5857753"><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Seni</li><li>Budaya</li><li>Masyarakat</li></ul></div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bumi_dalam_budaya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bumi dalam budaya (laman tidak wujud)">Bumi dalam budaya</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bumi_dalam_cereka_sains&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bumi dalam cereka sains (laman tidak wujud)">Bumi dalam cereka sains</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Etimologi_perkataan_%22Bumi%22&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Etimologi perkataan "Bumi" (laman tidak wujud)">Etimologi perkataan "Bumi"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sejarah_dunia" title="Sejarah dunia">Sejarah dunia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Undang-undang_antarabangsa" title="Undang-undang antarabangsa">Undang-undang antarabangsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seni_lukis_landskap" title="Seni lukis landskap">Seni lukis landskap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senarai_negara_berdaulat" title="Senarai negara berdaulat">Senarai negara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ekonomi_dunia" title="Ekonomi dunia">Ekonomi dunia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Topik lain</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Biosfera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orbit_Bumi" class="mw-redirect" title="Orbit Bumi">Orbit Bumi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trojan_Bumi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Trojan Bumi (laman tidak wujud)">Trojan Bumi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ekliptik" title="Ekliptik">Ekliptik</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bendera_Bumi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bendera Bumi (laman tidak wujud)">Bendera Bumi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graviti_Bumi" title="Graviti Bumi">Graviti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medan_magnet_Bumi" title="Medan magnet Bumi">Medan magnet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulan" title="Bulan">Bulan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulan_Bumi_lain" title="Bulan Bumi lain">Bulan Bumi lain</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2006_RH120&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2006 RH120 (laman tidak wujud)">2006 RH120</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Awan_Kordylewski&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Awan Kordylewski (laman tidak wujud)">Awan Kordylewski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sistem_Suria" title="Sistem Suria">Sistem Suria</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lokasi_Bumi_di_alam_semesta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lokasi Bumi di alam semesta (laman tidak wujud)">Lokasi Bumi di alam semesta</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Theia_(planet)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Theia (planet) (laman tidak wujud)">Theia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;;font-weight:bold;"><div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Portal"><img alt="Portal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Portal-puzzle.svg/16px-Portal-puzzle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Portal-puzzle.svg/24px-Portal-puzzle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Portal-puzzle.svg/32px-Portal-puzzle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="28" /></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Portal:Sains_Bumi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Portal:Sains Bumi (laman tidak wujud)">Portal sains Bumi</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Portal"><img alt="Portal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Portal-puzzle.svg/16px-Portal-puzzle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Portal-puzzle.svg/24px-Portal-puzzle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Portal-puzzle.svg/32px-Portal-puzzle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="28" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Sistem_Suria" title="Portal:Sistem Suria">Portal Sistem Suria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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