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Symphony in Three Movements - Wikipedia

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div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the musical work. For the ballet, see <a href="/wiki/Symphony_in_Three_Movements_(ballet)" title="Symphony in Three Movements (ballet)">Symphony in Three Movements (ballet)</a>.</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Igor_Stravinsky,_Roger_Baulu,_Jean-Marie_Beaudet_1945.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Igor_Stravinsky%2C_Roger_Baulu%2C_Jean-Marie_Beaudet_1945.jpg/220px-Igor_Stravinsky%2C_Roger_Baulu%2C_Jean-Marie_Beaudet_1945.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Igor_Stravinsky%2C_Roger_Baulu%2C_Jean-Marie_Beaudet_1945.jpg/330px-Igor_Stravinsky%2C_Roger_Baulu%2C_Jean-Marie_Beaudet_1945.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Igor_Stravinsky%2C_Roger_Baulu%2C_Jean-Marie_Beaudet_1945.jpg/440px-Igor_Stravinsky%2C_Roger_Baulu%2C_Jean-Marie_Beaudet_1945.jpg 2x" data-file-width="798" data-file-height="614" /></a><figcaption>Stravinsky (left), Roger Baulu, and <a href="/wiki/Jean-Marie_Beaudet" title="Jean-Marie Beaudet">Jean-Marie Beaudet</a> at Radio-Canada, Montreal, 4 March 1945</figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>Symphony in Three Movements</b> is a work by Russian expatriate composer <a href="/wiki/Igor_Stravinsky" title="Igor Stravinsky">Igor Stravinsky</a>. Stravinsky wrote the symphony from 1942–45 on commission by the <a href="/wiki/Philharmonic_Symphony_Society_of_New_York" class="mw-redirect" title="Philharmonic Symphony Society of New York">Philharmonic Symphony Society of New York</a>. It was premièred by the <a href="/wiki/New_York_Philharmonic_Orchestra" class="mw-redirect" title="New York Philharmonic Orchestra">New York Philharmonic Orchestra</a> under Stravinsky on January 24, 1946. </p><p>The Symphony in Three Movements is considered as Stravinsky's first major composition after emigrating to the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> It uses material written by Stravinsky for aborted film projects.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1943, Stravinsky had begun work on rescoring his ballet <i><a href="/wiki/The_Rite_of_Spring" title="The Rite of Spring">The Rite of Spring</a>.</i> Although the project was left incomplete, his revisit to this earlier composition appears to have influenced the symphony. The ostinatos and shock tactics of the last movement, for example, recalls the "Glorification of the Chosen One" and "Sacrificial Dance" from <i>The Rite</i>, and some woodwind passages are reminiscent of the ballet's introduction. On the other hand, there are passages forecasting the opera <i><a href="/wiki/The_Rake%27s_Progress" title="The Rake&#39;s Progress">The Rake's Progress</a></i>, notably the openings of the slow movement and the finale.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>A typical performance of the symphony lasts 20–25 minutes: </p> <div><ol style="list-style-type:upper-roman"><li>Overture; Allegro (about 10 minutes)</li><li>Andante; Interlude: L'istesso tempo (about 6 minutes)</li><li>Con moto (about 6 minutes)</li></ol></div> <p>The symphony is scored for an orchestra of <a href="/wiki/Piccolo" title="Piccolo">piccolo</a>, 2 <a href="/wiki/Flute" title="Flute">flutes</a>, 2 <a href="/wiki/Oboe" title="Oboe">oboes</a>, 3 <a href="/wiki/Clarinet" title="Clarinet">clarinets</a> in B<span class="music-symbol" style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode;"><span class="music-flat">&#x266d;</span></span> and A (3rd doubling <a href="/wiki/Bass_clarinet" title="Bass clarinet">bass clarinet</a>), 2 <a href="/wiki/Bassoon" title="Bassoon">bassoons</a>, <a href="/wiki/Contrabassoon" title="Contrabassoon">contrabassoon</a>, 4 <a href="/wiki/French_horn" title="French horn">horns</a>, 3 <a href="/wiki/Trumpet" title="Trumpet">trumpets</a> in C, 3 <a href="/wiki/Trombone" title="Trombone">trombones</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tuba" title="Tuba">tuba</a>, <a href="/wiki/Timpani" title="Timpani">timpani</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bass_drum" title="Bass drum">bass drum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Piano" title="Piano">piano</a>, <a href="/wiki/Harp" title="Harp">harp</a>, <a href="/wiki/Violin" title="Violin">violins</a> I &amp; II, <a href="/wiki/Viola" title="Viola">violas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cello" title="Cello">cellos</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Double_bass" title="Double bass">double basses</a>. </p><p>Stravinsky, who rarely acknowledged extramusical inspirations for his music, referred to the composition as his 'war symphony'.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> He claimed the symphony as a direct response to events of the <a href="/wiki/Second_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Second World War">Second World War</a> in both <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a> and <a href="/wiki/Asia" title="Asia">Asia</a>. The first movement was inspired by a documentary on Japanese <a href="/wiki/Scorched_earth" title="Scorched earth">scorched earth</a> tactics in <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a>. The third movement deals with footage of <a href="/wiki/German_Army_(1935%E2%80%931945)" title="German Army (1935–1945)">German soldiers</a> goosestepping and the <a href="/wiki/Allies_of_World_War_II" title="Allies of World War II">Allied forces'</a> mounting success.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Material is drawn from projects that Stravinsky had abandoned or reorganized. The <a href="/wiki/Piano" title="Piano">piano</a>'s presence in the first movement stems from a piano concerto that was left incomplete. Music for <a href="/wiki/Harp" title="Harp">harp</a> is prominent in the second movement, using themes he had written for <a href="/wiki/The_Song_of_Bernadette_(film)" title="The Song of Bernadette (film)">the film adaptation</a> of <a href="/wiki/Franz_Werfel" title="Franz Werfel">Franz Werfel</a>'s novel <i><a href="/wiki/The_Song_of_Bernadette_(novel)" title="The Song of Bernadette (novel)">The Song of Bernadette</a></i>. Stravinsky was initially informally approached for the writing of the film score. On 15 February 1943 he started writing music for the "Apparition of the Virgin" scene. In the event, no contract was ever signed with him, and the project went to <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Newman_(composer)" class="mw-redirect" title="Alfred Newman (composer)">Alfred Newman</a>, who won an Oscar.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The third movement unites the first two movements by giving equal emphasis to piano and harp.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>In contrast to Stravinsky's earlier <a href="/wiki/Symphony_in_C_(Stravinsky)" title="Symphony in C (Stravinsky)">Symphony in C</a>, the Symphony in Three Movements is much more turbulent and chromatic. While the Symphony in C is based on abstract ideas, his later symphony makes use of pressing social concerns. From a purely musical standpoint, the Symphony hearkens back to Stravinsky's earlier styles of composition while retaining a firmly <a href="/wiki/Neoclassicism_(music)" title="Neoclassicism (music)">neoclassical</a> identity.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>From 1979 to 1980, the American intermedia artist, <a href="/wiki/Jack_Ox" title="Jack Ox">Jack Ox</a>, produced three visual mappings from Stravinsky's Symphony in Three Movements which can be seen at <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://intermediaprojects.org/pages/Stravinsky.html">http://intermediaprojects.org/pages/Stravinsky.html</a> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symphony_in_Three_Movements&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Michael Oliver, <i>Igor Stravinsky</i> (London: Phaidon Press Ltd, 1995), p. 152.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Stephen Walsh, "Stravinsky, Igor", <i>New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians</i>, 2nd ed., edited by Stanley Sadie and John Tyrrell (New York: Grove's Dictionaries), §8.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Eric Walter White, <i>Stravinsky: The Composer and his Works,</i> 2nd edition (Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1979), p. 435.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Charles M. Joseph, <i>Stravinsky Inside Out</i> (New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 2001), p. 120.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Michael Oliver, <i>Igor Stravinsky</i> (London: Phaidon Press Ltd, 1995), pp.152, 154–6.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Stephen Walsh. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-TwBsckJEKsC&amp;q=Song+of+Bernadette+stravinsky&amp;pg=PA143"><i>Stravinsky: The Second Exile: France and America</i> 1934–1971, p. 144</a>. Retrieved 1 November 2014</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Eric Walter White, <i>Stravinsky: The Composer and his Works,</i> 2nd edition (Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1979), p. 429.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Eric Walter White, <i>Stravinsky: The Composer and his Works,</i> 2nd edition (Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1979), p. 435.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline 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.navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Igor_Stravinsky" title="Template:Igor Stravinsky"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Igor_Stravinsky" title="Template talk:Igor Stravinsky"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Igor_Stravinsky" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Igor Stravinsky"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Igor_Stravinsky" class="fn org" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Igor_Stravinsky" title="Igor Stravinsky">Igor Stravinsky</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/List_of_compositions_by_Igor_Stravinsky" title="List of compositions by Igor Stravinsky">List of compositions</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Igor_Stravinsky_discography" title="Igor Stravinsky discography">Discography</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Operas and<br />musical dramas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Nightingale_(opera)" title="The Nightingale (opera)"><i>The Nightingale</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renard_(Stravinsky)" title="Renard (Stravinsky)"><i>Renard</i></a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Soldier%27s_Tale" class="mw-redirect" title="The Soldier&#39;s Tale">The Soldier's Tale</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mavra" title="Mavra">Mavra</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oedipus_rex_(opera)" title="Oedipus rex (opera)"><i>Oedipus rex</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pers%C3%A9phone_(Stravinsky)" title="Perséphone (Stravinsky)"><i>Perséphone</i></a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Rake%27s_Progress" title="The Rake&#39;s Progress">The Rake's Progress</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Flood_(Stravinsky)" title="The Flood (Stravinsky)"><i>The Flood</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ballets</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Firebird" title="The Firebird">The Firebird</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Petrushka_(ballet)" title="Petrushka (ballet)">Petrushka</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Rite_of_Spring" title="The Rite of Spring">The Rite of Spring</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/The_Rite_of_Spring_discography" title="The Rite of Spring discography">discography</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Les_noces" title="Les noces">Les noces</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pulcinella_(ballet)" title="Pulcinella (ballet)">Pulcinella</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Apollo_(ballet)" title="Apollo (ballet)">Apollo</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Fairy%27s_Kiss" class="mw-redirect" title="The Fairy&#39;s Kiss">The Fairy's Kiss</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jeu_de_cartes_(Stravinsky)" title="Jeu de cartes (Stravinsky)">Jeu de cartes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Danses_concertantes_(Stravinsky)" title="Danses concertantes (Stravinsky)">Danses concertantes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sc%C3%A8nes_de_ballet_(Stravinsky)" title="Scènes de ballet (Stravinsky)">Scènes de ballet</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Orpheus_(ballet)" title="Orpheus (ballet)">Orpheus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Agon_(ballet)" title="Agon (ballet)">Agon</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Symphonies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Symphony_in_E-flat_(Stravinsky)" title="Symphony in E-flat (Stravinsky)">Symphony in E<span class="music-symbol" style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode;"><span class="music-flat">&#x266d;</span></span></a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Symphony_of_Psalms" title="Symphony of Psalms">Symphony of Psalms</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symphony_in_C_(Stravinsky)" title="Symphony in C (Stravinsky)">Symphony in C</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Symphony in Three Movements</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Orchestral music</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Scherzo_fantastique" title="Scherzo fantastique">Scherzo fantastique</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Feu_d%27artifice" title="Feu d&#39;artifice">Fireworks</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Funeral_Song_(Stravinsky)" title="Funeral Song (Stravinsky)">Funeral Song</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Quatre_%C3%A9tudes_(Stravinsky)" title="Quatre études (Stravinsky)">Four Études</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Song_of_the_Nightingale" class="mw-redirect" title="The Song of the Nightingale">The Song of the Nightingale</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Circus_Polka" title="Circus Polka">Circus Polka</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ode_(Stravinsky)" title="Ode (Stravinsky)">Ode</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Scherzo_%C3%A0_la_russe_(Stravinsky)" title="Scherzo à la russe (Stravinsky)">Scherzo à la russe</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Greeting_Prelude" title="Greeting Prelude">Greeting Prelude</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Variations:_Aldous_Huxley_in_memoriam" title="Variations: Aldous Huxley in memoriam">Variations: Aldous Huxley in memoriam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canon_on_a_Russian_Popular_Tune" title="Canon on a Russian Popular Tune">Canon on a Russian Popular Tune</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Concertos</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Concerto_for_Piano_and_Wind_Instruments_(Stravinsky)" title="Concerto for Piano and Wind Instruments (Stravinsky)">Concerto for Piano and Wind Instruments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capriccio_for_Piano_and_Orchestra" title="Capriccio for Piano and Orchestra">Capriccio for Piano and Orchestra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Violin_Concerto_(Stravinsky)" title="Violin Concerto (Stravinsky)">Violin Concerto in D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concerto_in_E-flat_%22Dumbarton_Oaks%22" title="Concerto in E-flat &quot;Dumbarton Oaks&quot;">Concerto in E<span class="music-symbol" style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode;"><span class="music-flat">&#x266d;</span></span> (<i>"Dumbarton Oaks"</i>)</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ebony_Concerto_(Stravinsky)" title="Ebony Concerto (Stravinsky)">Ebony Concerto</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Movements_for_Piano_and_Orchestra" title="Movements for Piano and Orchestra">Movements for Piano and Orchestra</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concerto_in_D_(Stravinsky)" title="Concerto in D (Stravinsky)">Concerto in D</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Solo<br /> vocal</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Pastorale_(Stravinsky)" title="Pastorale (Stravinsky)">Pastorale</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pribaoutki" title="Pribaoutki">Pribaoutki</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Berceuses_du_chat" title="Berceuses du chat">Berceuses du chat</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Abraham_and_Isaac_(Stravinsky)" title="Abraham and Isaac (Stravinsky)">Abraham and Isaac</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Elegy_for_J.F.K." title="Elegy for J.F.K.">Elegy for J.F.K.</a></i></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Owl_and_the_Pussy_Cat_(Stravinsky)" title="The Owl and the Pussy Cat (Stravinsky)">The Owl and the Pussy Cat</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Choral</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Zvezdoliki" title="Zvezdoliki">Zvezdoliki</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ave_Maria_(Stravinsky)" title="Ave Maria (Stravinsky)">Ave Maria</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Babel_(Stravinsky)" title="Babel (Stravinsky)">Babel</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_(Stravinsky)" title="Mass (Stravinsky)">Mass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cantata_(Stravinsky)" title="Cantata (Stravinsky)">Cantata</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Canticum_Sacrum" title="Canticum Sacrum">Canticum Sacrum</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Threni_(Stravinsky)" title="Threni (Stravinsky)">Threni</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Sermon,_a_Narrative,_and_a_Prayer" class="mw-redirect" title="A Sermon, a Narrative, and a Prayer">A Sermon, a Narrative, and a Prayer</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Requiem_Canticles" title="Requiem Canticles">Requiem Canticles</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Piano and<br /> pianola</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Tarantella_(Stravinsky)" title="Tarantella (Stravinsky)">Tarantella</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scherzo_(Stravinsky)" title="Scherzo (Stravinsky)">Scherzo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piano_Sonata_in_F-sharp_minor_(Stravinsky)" title="Piano Sonata in F-sharp minor (Stravinsky)">Piano Sonata in F<span class="music-symbol" style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode;"><span class="music-sharp">&#x266f;</span></span> minor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quatre_%C3%A9tudes,_Op._7_(Stravinsky)" title="Quatre études, Op. 7 (Stravinsky)">Four Études</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Valse_des_fleurs_(Stravinsky)" title="Valse des fleurs (Stravinsky)">Valse des fleurs</a>"</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Three_Easy_Pieces_(Stravinsky)" title="Three Easy Pieces (Stravinsky)">Three Easy Pieces</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Five_Easy_Pieces_(Stravinsky)" title="Five Easy Pieces (Stravinsky)">Five Easy Pieces</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/%C3%89tude_for_Pianola" class="mw-redirect" title="Étude for Pianola">Étude for Pianola</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Piano-Rag-Music" title="Piano-Rag-Music">Piano-Rag-Music</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Les_cinq_doigts" title="Les cinq doigts">Les cinq doigts</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Three_Movements_from_Petrushka" class="mw-redirect" title="Three Movements from Petrushka">Three Movements from Petrushka</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piano_Sonata_(Stravinsky)" title="Piano Sonata (Stravinsky)">Piano Sonata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serenade_(Stravinsky)" title="Serenade (Stravinsky)">Serenade in A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concerto_for_Two_Pianos_(Stravinsky)" title="Concerto for Two Pianos (Stravinsky)">Concerto for Two Pianos</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tango_(Stravinsky)" title="Tango (Stravinsky)">Tango</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonata_for_Two_Pianos_(Stravinsky)" title="Sonata for Two Pianos (Stravinsky)">Sonata for Two Pianos</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Two_Sketches_for_a_Sonata" title="Two Sketches for a Sonata">Two Sketches for a Sonata</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Chamber<br /> music</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Three_Pieces_for_String_Quartet" title="Three Pieces for String Quartet">Three Pieces for String Quartet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three_Pieces_for_Solo_Clarinet" title="Three Pieces for Solo Clarinet">Three Pieces for Solo Clarinet</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lied_ohne_Name" title="Lied ohne Name">Lied ohne Name</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Octet_(Stravinsky)" title="Octet (Stravinsky)">Octet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duo_Concertant" title="Duo Concertant">Duo Concertant</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/%C3%89l%C3%A9gie_(Stravinsky)" class="mw-redirect" title="Élégie (Stravinsky)">Elegy</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Septet_(Stravinsky)" title="Septet (Stravinsky)">Septet</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Epitaphium_(Stravinsky)" title="Epitaphium (Stravinsky)">Epitaphium</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Double_Canon_(Stravinsky)" title="Double Canon (Stravinsky)">Double Canon (in Memoriam Raoul Dufy)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Symphonies_of_Wind_Instruments" title="Symphonies of Wind Instruments">Symphonies of Wind Instruments</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fanfare_for_a_New_Theatre" title="Fanfare for a New Theatre">Fanfare for a New Theatre</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Arrangements</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Bluebird_Pas_de_Deux_(Stravinsky)" title="Bluebird Pas de Deux (Stravinsky)">Bluebird Pas de Deux</a></i> (from <a href="/wiki/Pyotr_Ilyich_Tchaikovsky" title="Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky">Tchaikovsky</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/The_Sleeping_Beauty_(ballet)" title="The Sleeping Beauty (ballet)">The Sleeping Beauty</a></i>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Monumentum_pro_Gesualdo" title="Monumentum pro Gesualdo">Monumentum pro Gesualdo</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks vcard navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Parents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fyodor_Stravinsky" title="Fyodor Stravinsky">Fyodor Stravinsky</a> (father)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Wives</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yekaterina_Stravinsky" title="Yekaterina Stravinsky">Yekaterina Nosenko</a> (first)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vera_Sudeikina" class="mw-redirect" title="Vera Sudeikina">Vera Sudeikina</a> (second)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Children</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Soulima_Stravinsky" title="Soulima Stravinsky">Soulima Stravinsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9odore_Strawinsky" title="Théodore Strawinsky">Théodore Strawinsky</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Amanuensis</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Craft" title="Robert Craft">Robert Craft</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Named for Stravinsky</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_minor_planets:_4001%E2%80%935000#382" title="List of minor planets: 4001–5000">4382 Stravinsky</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Volga_Star" title="Volga Star">Igor Stravinsky</a></i> (river cruise ship)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stravinsky_(crater)" title="Stravinsky (crater)">Stravinsky (crater)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stravinsky_Fountain" title="Stravinsky Fountain">Stravinsky Fountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stravinsky_Inlet" title="Stravinsky Inlet">Stravinsky Inlet</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Earnest_Andersson" title="Earnest Andersson">Earnest Andersson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Ansermet" title="Ernest Ansermet">Ernest Ansermet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Balanchine" title="George Balanchine">George Balanchine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ballets_Russes" title="Ballets Russes">Ballets Russes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nadia_Boulanger" title="Nadia Boulanger">Nadia Boulanger</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Coco_Chanel_%26_Igor_Stravinsky" title="Coco Chanel &amp; Igor Stravinsky">Coco Chanel &amp; Igor Stravinsky</a></i> (film)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Cocteau" title="Jean Cocteau">Jean Cocteau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergei_Diaghilev" title="Sergei Diaghilev">Sergei Diaghilev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Dushkin" title="Samuel Dushkin">Samuel Dushkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Louri%C3%A9" title="Arthur Lourié">Arthur Lourié</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monday_Evening_Concerts" title="Monday Evening Concerts">Monday Evening Concerts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Ballet" title="New York City Ballet">New York City Ballet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Monteux" title="Pierre Monteux">Pierre Monteux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neoclassicism_(music)" title="Neoclassicism (music)">Neoclassicism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petrushka_chord" title="Petrushka chord">Petrushka chord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psalms_chord" title="Psalms chord">Psalms chord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Ferdinand_Ramuz" title="Charles Ferdinand Ramuz">Charles Ferdinand Ramuz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Werner_Reinhart" title="Werner Reinhart">Werner Reinhart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serialism" title="Serialism">Serialism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Category:Igor_Stravinsky" title="Category:Igor Stravinsky">Category</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Loudspeaker.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="sound icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Loudspeaker.svg/16px-Loudspeaker.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Loudspeaker.svg/24px-Loudspeaker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Loudspeaker.svg/32px-Loudspeaker.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Audio_files_of_music_by_Igor_Stravinsky" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Audio files of music by Igor Stravinsky">Audio</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Neoclassical_music" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Neoclassicism_(music)" title="Template:Neoclassicism (music)"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Neoclassicism_(music)" title="Template talk:Neoclassicism (music)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Neoclassicism_(music)" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Neoclassicism (music)"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Neoclassical_music" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Neoclassicism_(music)" title="Neoclassicism (music)">Neoclassical music</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Composers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Georges_Auric" title="Georges Auric">Georges Auric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%A9la_Bart%C3%B3k" title="Béla Bartók">Béla Bartók</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfredo_Casella" title="Alfredo Casella">Alfredo Casella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Ch%C3%A1vez" title="Carlos Chávez">Carlos Chávez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aaron_Copland" title="Aaron Copland">Aaron Copland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Durey" title="Louis Durey">Louis Durey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Enescu" title="George Enescu">George Enescu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_de_Falla" title="Manuel de Falla">Manuel de Falla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radam%C3%A9s_Gnattali" title="Radamés Gnattali">Radamés Gnattali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camargo_Guarnieri" title="Camargo Guarnieri">Camargo Guarnieri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Hindemith" title="Paul Hindemith">Paul Hindemith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vagn_Holmboe" title="Vagn Holmboe">Vagn Holmboe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Honegger" title="Arthur Honegger">Arthur Honegger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zolt%C3%A1n_Kod%C3%A1ly" title="Zoltán Kodály">Zoltán Kodály</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bohuslav_Martin%C5%AF" title="Bohuslav Martinů">Bohuslav Martinů</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darius_Milhaud" title="Darius Milhaud">Darius Milhaud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Poulenc" title="Francis Poulenc">Francis Poulenc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergei_Prokofiev" title="Sergei Prokofiev">Sergei Prokofiev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Ravel" title="Maurice Ravel">Maurice Ravel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erik_Satie" title="Erik Satie">Erik Satie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Strauss" title="Richard Strauss">Richard Strauss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Igor_Stravinsky" title="Igor Stravinsky">Igor Stravinsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germaine_Tailleferre" title="Germaine Tailleferre">Germaine Tailleferre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heitor_Villa-Lobos" title="Heitor Villa-Lobos">Heitor Villa-Lobos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Compositions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Airs_and_Dances" title="Ancient Airs and Dances">Antiche arie e danze</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Apollo_(ballet)" title="Apollo (ballet)">Apollo</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Le_baiser_de_la_f%C3%A9e" title="Le baiser de la fée">Le baiser de la fée</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Le_bourgeois_gentilhomme_(Strauss)" title="Le bourgeois gentilhomme (Strauss)">Le bourgeois gentilhomme</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Concert_champ%C3%AAtre" title="Concert champêtre">Concert champêtre</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concerto_in_D_(Stravinsky)" title="Concerto in D (Stravinsky)">Concerto in D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concerto_in_E-flat_(Dumbarton_Oaks)" class="mw-redirect" title="Concerto in E-flat (Dumbarton Oaks)">Concerto in E-flat (Dumbarton Oaks)</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Divertimento_for_chamber_orchestra_after_keyboard_pieces_by_Couperin" class="mw-redirect" title="Divertimento for chamber orchestra after keyboard pieces by Couperin">Divertimento for chamber orchestra after keyboard pieces by Couperin</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harpsichord_Concerto_(Falla)" title="Harpsichord Concerto (Falla)">Harpsichord Concerto</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jeu_de_cartes_(Stravinsky)" title="Jeu de cartes (Stravinsky)">Jeu de cartes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mathis_der_Maler_(opera)" title="Mathis der Maler (opera)">Mathis der Maler</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mavra" title="Mavra">Mavra</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Octet_(Stravinsky)" title="Octet (Stravinsky)">Octet for winds</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Oedipus_rex_(opera)" title="Oedipus rex (opera)">Oedipus rex</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Orpheus_(ballet)" title="Orpheus (ballet)">Orpheus</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piano_Sonata_No._1_(Enescu)" title="Piano Sonata No. 1 (Enescu)">Piano Sonata No. 1 (Enescu)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piano_Sonata_No._3_(Ch%C3%A1vez)" title="Piano Sonata No. 3 (Chávez)">Piano Sonata No. 3 (Chávez)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piano_Sonata_No._3_(Enescu)" title="Piano Sonata No. 3 (Enescu)">Piano Sonata No. 3 (Enescu)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piano_Suite_No._2_(Enescu)" title="Piano Suite No. 2 (Enescu)">Piano Suite No. 2 (Enescu)</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Premier_Menuet" title="Premier Menuet">Premier Menuet</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pulcinella_(ballet)" title="Pulcinella (ballet)">Pulcinella</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Rake%27s_Progress" title="The Rake&#39;s Progress">The Rake's Progress</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/El_retablo_de_maese_Pedro" title="El retablo de maese Pedro">El retablo de maese Pedro</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sonatine_bureaucratique" title="Sonatine bureaucratique">Sonatine bureaucratique</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symphony_No._1_(Prokofiev)" title="Symphony No. 1 (Prokofiev)">Symphony No. 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symphony_in_C_(Stravinsky)" title="Symphony in C (Stravinsky)">Symphony in C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symphony_in_Three_Movements_(Stravinsky)" class="mw-redirect" title="Symphony in Three Movements (Stravinsky)">Symphony in Three Movements</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Symphony_of_Psalms" title="Symphony of Psalms">Symphony of Psalms</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tanzsuite_aus_Klavierst%C3%BCcken_von_Fran%C3%A7ois_Couperin,_TrV_245" class="mw-redirect" title="Tanzsuite aus Klavierstücken von François Couperin, TrV 245">Tanzsuite aus Klavierstücken von François Couperin</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Le_Tombeau_de_Couperin" title="Le Tombeau de Couperin">Le Tombeau de Couperin</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Birds_(Respighi)" title="The Birds (Respighi)">Gli uccelli</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" 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