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Khaddor</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Mouhamed Khaddor"> <meta name="keywords" content="Mouhamed Khaddor"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Mouhamed Khaddor"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 8</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Mouhamed Khaddor</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8</span> Study of Waveguide Silica Glasses by Raman Spectroscopy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Abdelmounim%20Bakkali">Mohamed Abdelmounim Bakkali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mustapha%20El%20Mataouy"> Mustapha El Mataouy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abellatif%20Aaliti"> Abellatif Aaliti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mouhamed%20Khaddor"> Mouhamed Khaddor</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the paper, we study the effects of introducing hafnium oxide on Raman spectra of silica glass planar waveguide activated by 0.3 mol% Er3+ ions. This work compares Raman spectra measured for three thin films deposited on silicon substrate. The films were prepared with different molar ratio of Si/Hf using sol-gel method and deposited by dip coating technique. The effect of hafnium oxide incorporation on the waveguides shows the evolution of the structure of this material. This structural information is useful to understand the luminescence intensity by means of ion–ion interaction mechanisms. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optical%20amplifiers" title="optical amplifiers">optical amplifiers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-bridging%20oxygen" title=" non-bridging oxygen"> non-bridging oxygen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=erbium" title=" erbium"> erbium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sol-gel" title=" sol-gel"> sol-gel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waveguide" title=" waveguide"> waveguide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=silica-hafnia" title=" silica-hafnia"> silica-hafnia</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60116/study-of-waveguide-silica-glasses-by-raman-spectroscopy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60116.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">306</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7</span> Sol-Gel Erbium-Doped Silica-Hafnia Planar Waveguides</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mustapha%20El%20Mataouy">Mustapha El Mataouy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abellatif%20Aaliti"> Abellatif Aaliti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mouhamed%20Khaddor"> Mouhamed Khaddor</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Erbium actived silica-hafnia planar waveguides have been prepared by sol-gel route. The films were deposited on vitreous silica substrates using dip-coating technique. The parameters of preparation have been chosen to optimize the waveguides for operation in the near infrared (NIR) region, and to increase the luminescence efficiency of the metastable 4I13/2 state of Erbium ions. The waveguides properties were determined by m-lines spectroscopy, loss measurements. Waveguide Raman and luminescence spectroscopy were used to obtain information about the structure of the prepared films and about the dynamical process related to the emission in the C telecom band (1530nm-1565nm) of the Erbium ions. The results are discussed with the aim of comparing the structural and optical properties of Erbium activated silica-hafnia planar waveguides with different molar ratio of Si / Hf. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=erbium" title="erbium">erbium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optical%20amplifiers" title=" optical amplifiers"> optical amplifiers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=silica-hafnia" title=" silica-hafnia"> silica-hafnia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sol-gel" title=" sol-gel"> sol-gel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waveguide" title=" waveguide"> waveguide</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59785/sol-gel-erbium-doped-silica-hafnia-planar-waveguides" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59785.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">230</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6</span> Market Integration in the ECCAS Sub-Region</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mouhamed%20Mbouandi%20Njikam">Mouhamed Mbouandi Njikam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This work assesses the trade potential of countries in the Economic Community of Central Africa States (ECCAS). The gravity model of trade is used to evaluate the trade flows of member countries, and to compute the trade potential index of ECCAS during 1995-2010. The focus is on the removal of tariffs and non-tariff barriers in the sub-region. Estimates from the gravity model are used for the calculation of the sub-region’s commercial potential. Its three main findings are: (i) the background research shows a low level of integration in the sub-region and open economies; (ii) a low level of industrialization and diversification are the main factors reducing trade potential in the sub-region; (iii) the trade creation predominate on the deflections of trade between member countries. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gravity%20model" title="gravity model">gravity model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ECCAS" title=" ECCAS"> ECCAS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trade%20flows" title=" trade flows"> trade flows</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trade%20potential" title=" trade potential"> trade potential</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=regional%20cooperation" title=" regional cooperation"> regional cooperation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12819/market-integration-in-the-eccas-sub-region" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12819.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">426</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5</span> Efficient Neural and Fuzzy Models for the Identification of Dynamical Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aouiche%20Abdelaziz">Aouiche Abdelaziz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Soudani%20Mouhamed%20Salah"> Soudani Mouhamed Salah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aouiche%20El%20Moundhe"> Aouiche El Moundhe</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present paper addresses the utilization of Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) and Fuzzy Inference Systems (FISs) for the identification and control of dynamical systems with some degree of uncertainty. Because ANNs and FISs have an inherent ability to approximate functions and to adapt to changes in input and parameters, they can be used to control systems too complex for linear controllers. In this work, we show how ANNs and FISs can be put in order to form nets that can learn from external data. In sequence, it is presented structures of inputs that can be used along with ANNs and FISs to model non-linear systems. Four systems were used to test the identification and control of the structures proposed. The results show the ANNs and FISs (Back Propagation Algorithm) used were efficient in modeling and controlling the non-linear plants. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-linear%20systems" title="non-linear systems">non-linear systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy%20set%20Models" title=" fuzzy set Models"> fuzzy set Models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neural%20network" title=" neural network"> neural network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=control%20law" title=" control law"> control law</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142525/efficient-neural-and-fuzzy-models-for-the-identification-of-dynamical-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142525.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">212</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4</span> Photovoltaic Maximum Power-Point Tracking Using Artificial Neural Network</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelazziz%20Aouiche">Abdelazziz Aouiche</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=El%20Moundher%20Aouiche"> El Moundher Aouiche</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mouhamed%20Salah%20Soudani"> Mouhamed Salah Soudani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Renewable energy sources now significantly contribute to the replacement of traditional fossil fuel energy sources. One of the most potent types of renewable energy that has developed quickly in recent years is photovoltaic energy. We all know that solar energy, which is sustainable and non-depleting, is the best knowledge form of energy that we have at our disposal. Due to changing weather conditions, the primary drawback of conventional solar PV cells is their inability to track their maximum power point. In this study, we apply artificial neural networks (ANN) to automatically track and measure the maximum power point (MPP) of solar panels. In MATLAB, the complete system is simulated, and the results are adjusted for the external environment. The results are better performance than traditional MPPT methods and the results demonstrate the advantages of using neural networks in solar PV systems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modeling" title="modeling">modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photovoltaic%20panel" title=" photovoltaic panel"> photovoltaic panel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artificial%20neural%20networks" title=" artificial neural networks"> artificial neural networks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maximum%20power%20point%20tracking" title=" maximum power point tracking"> maximum power point tracking</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157304/photovoltaic-maximum-power-point-tracking-using-artificial-neural-network" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157304.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">88</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3</span> 25-Hydroxy Vit D, Adiponectin Levels and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in a Sample of Obese Children</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nayera%20E.%20Hassan">Nayera E. Hassan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sahar%20A.%20El-Masry"> Sahar A. El-Masry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rokia%20A.%20El%20Banna"> Rokia A. El Banna</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mones%20M.%20Abu%20Shady"> Mones M. Abu Shady</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Al-Tohamy"> Muhammad Al-Tohamy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manal%20Mouhamed%20Ali"> Manal Mouhamed Ali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehrevan%20M.%20Abd%20El-Moniem"> Mehrevan M. Abd El-Moniem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mona%20Anwar"> Mona Anwar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Association between vitamin D, adiponectin and obesity is a matter of debate, as they play important role in linking obesity with different cardiometabolic risk factors. Objectives: Evaluation of the association between metabolic risk factors with both adiponectin and vitamin D levels and that between adiponectin and vitamin D among obese Egyptian children. Subjects and Methods: This case-control cross-sectional study consisted of 65 obese and 30 healthy children, aged 8-11 years. 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH) D) level, serum adiponectin, total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) were measured. Results: The mean 25(OH) D levels in the obese and control groups were 29.9± 10.3 and 39.7 ± 12.7 ng/mL respectively (P < 0.001). The mean 25(OH) D and adiponectin levels in the obese were lower than that in the control group (P < 0.0001). 25(OH) D were inversely correlated with body mass index (BMI), triglyceride, total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C), while adiponectin level were inversely correlated with systolic blood pressure (SBP), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and positively correlated with HDL-C. However, there is no relation between 25(OH) D and adiponectin levels among obese children and total sample. Conclusion: In spite of strong association between vitamin D and adiponectin levels with metabolic risk factors and obesity, there is no relation between 25(OH) D and adiponectin levels. In obese children, there are significant negative correlations between 25(OH) D with lipid profile, and between adiponectin levels with blood pressure. At certain adiponectin level, the relation between it and BMI disappears. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=25-hydroxy%20vitamin%20D" title="25-hydroxy vitamin D">25-hydroxy vitamin D</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adiponectin" title=" adiponectin"> adiponectin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lipid%20profile" title=" lipid profile"> lipid profile</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blood%20pressure" title=" blood pressure"> blood pressure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=children" title=" children "> children </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9040/25-hydroxy-vit-d-adiponectin-levels-and-cardiometabolic-risk-factors-in-a-sample-of-obese-children" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9040.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">370</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2</span> Impact of Nutritional Status on the Pubertal Transition in a Sample of Egyptian School Girls</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nayera%20E.%20Hassan">Nayera E. Hassan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salah%20Mostafa"> Salah Mostafa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamed%20Elkhayat"> Hamed Elkhayat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kalled%20Hassan%20Sewidan"> Kalled Hassan Sewidan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sahar%20A.%20El-Masry"> Sahar A. El-Masry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manal%20Mouhamed%20Ali"> Manal Mouhamed Ali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mones%20M.%20Abu%20Shady"> Mones M. Abu Shady</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Pubertal growth is influenced by many factors including environmental and nutritional factors. Objective: To assess impact of nutritional status on pubertal staging, ovarian and uterine volumes among school girls. Method: Study was cross sectional and carried out on 1000 healthy school girls, aged 8-18 years selected randomly. They were categorized according to their ages into three groups: 8-12 years, 13-15 years and 16-18 years ±6 months, then according to their body mass index percentile to normal weight: (≥15-<85.), overweight (≥85-<95) and obese (≥95). All girls were subjected for physical, anthropometric (weight, height, body mass index), nutritional markers WAZ (weight/age Z score), HAZ (height/age Z score) and BMI-Z (body mass index Z score), pubertal assessment (Tanner stage) and pelvic transabdominal sonography (uterine and ovarian volumes). Results: Highly significant differences in ovarian and uterine volumes and nutritional markers (WAZ, HAZ and BMI-Z score) were detected among different grades of puberty in the two age groups (8-12 years, 13-15 years) coming in advance of obese girls (with increase of BMI); except HAZ in the second age group. Girls aged 16-18 years reached to final volume for the uterus and ovary with insignificant differences. Pubertal stage, ovarian and uterine sizes were highly significantly correlated with nutritional markers. Mean ages of onset: of puberty, menarche and complete puberty were, 11.65 + 1.84, 14.79 + 1.75 and 15.02 + 1.68 years respectively. Conclusion: Nutritional status has a crucial role in determining pubertal stage, ovarian and uterine volumes among Egyptian girls during the pubertal process. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pubertal%20stage" title="pubertal stage">pubertal stage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nutritional%20markers" title=" nutritional markers"> nutritional markers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=girls" title=" girls"> girls</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ovarian%20and%20uterine%20volumes" title=" ovarian and uterine volumes"> ovarian and uterine volumes</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9030/impact-of-nutritional-status-on-the-pubertal-transition-in-a-sample-of-egyptian-school-girls" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9030.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">462</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1</span> A Mixed Method Approach Investigating EFL Teachers' Beliefs and Practices towards Classroom-Based Assessment in Saudi Higher Educational Institutions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mashael%20AlSalem">Mashael AlSalem</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> While research into language assessment has expanded in recent years, few if any studies to date have targeted the nature of thought processes used by teachers when constructing classroom-based assessment. This study reports on teachers’ conceptions of English grammar assessment and their classroom assessment practices in their Saudi higher educational facilities. A mixed-method approach using both qualitative and quantitative research instruments was employed to elicit teachers’ perceptions of English grammar assessment and their relationship to their current practices. Participants of the study included EFL teachers from 4 different educational facilities: King Saudi University, Princess Noura University, Imam Mouhamed Islamic University, and Institute of Public Administration. Data collection involved questionnaire (N=100), semi-structured interviews (N=30), retrospective thinking (N=20), and document analysis (N=20). Activity theory is used as an interpretive framework to explore and investigate the entire system of constructing classroom-based assessment. Preliminary findings reveal several similarities and differences between the participants’ stated beliefs and their current practices of assessing English grammar. Findings also showed that teacher participant’s beliefs about how English grammar should be assessed are influenced mostly by prior learning experience as well as their teaching instruction practices. Their practices, on the other hand, was more guided by educational policies and lack of teacher training in the field of assessment, among other factors. This research makes a significant contribution to knowledge in three different areas: it enriches the literature on language teacher cognition; it builds on the body of research on language classroom assessment, and it expands on the possibilities to use AC to investigate the relationship between teachers’ beliefs and practices. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=activity%20theory" title="activity theory">activity theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=classroom-based%20assessment" title=" classroom-based assessment"> classroom-based assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=language%20teacher%20cognition" title=" language teacher cognition"> language teacher cognition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mixed%20method%20approach" title=" mixed method approach"> mixed method approach</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/112665/a-mixed-method-approach-investigating-efl-teachers-beliefs-and-practices-towards-classroom-based-assessment-in-saudi-higher-educational-institutions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/112665.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">132</span> </span> </div> </div> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/WASET-16th-foundational-anniversary.pdf">WASET 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