Research and commentary | The Treasury New Zealand

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<div class="site__inner container"> <div class="site__row row"> <div class="site__content col-12 has-sidebar" id="content"> <div class="region region-content"> <div data-drupal-messages-fallback class="hidden"></div> <section id="block-tsy-theme-better-social-sharing-buttons" class="block block-better-social-sharing-buttons block-social-sharing-buttons-block clearfix"> <div style="display: none"><link rel="preload" href="/modules/contrib/better_social_sharing_buttons/assets/dist/sprites/social-icons--no-color.svg" as="image" type="image/svg+xml" crossorigin="anonymous" /></div> <div class="social-sharing-buttons"> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https://www.treasury.govt.nz/publications/research-and-commentary&title=Research%20and%20commentary" target="_blank" title="Share to Facebook" aria-label="Share to Facebook" class="social-sharing-buttons-button share-facebook" rel="noopener"> <svg aria-hidden="true" width="40px" height="40px" style="border-radius:0px;"> 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data-entity-uuid="07c1a336-c6bb-4c58-8415-65df4a608990" data-entity-substitution="canonical">Treasury Papers</a>.</li></ul><p>The active commentary series are:</p><ul><li><a href="/publications/research-and-commentary/fortnightly-economic-updates" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="95e32d82-6cdb-4105-b49c-4db373b0afae" data-entity-substitution="canonical">Fortnightly Economic Updates</a>, and</li><li><a href=" Staff Insghts Blog">Rangitaki: Staff Insghts Blog</a>.</li></ul><p>The research series (Working Papers, Treasury Papers and Analytical Notes), as well as other <a href="/publications/research-and-commentary/discontinued-series" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="c313076b-8275-4891-9135-104d5c461f9a" data-entity-substitution="canonical">discontinued series</a> are included in scope of the <a href="/publications/research-and-commentary/a-z" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="ac961ba4-e96a-47a8-bc2d-dae5a139b4bf" data-entity-substitution="canonical">Research papers A-Z</a> finding aids <a href="/publications/research-and-commentary/a-z/author">by author</a>, <a href="/publications/research-and-commentary/a-z/sonz">by subject keyword</a> and <a href="/publications/research-and-commentary/a-z/jel">by JEL (Journal of Economic Literature) classification</a>.</p><div class="chunker-section"><h2 id="email-alerts">Email alerts</h2><p>The Treasury offers an <a href="/publications/research-and-commentary/email-alerts-new-research-papers" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="a9eb2c7e-bc8e-4f63-a036-1c085cc7d858" data-entity-substitution="canonical">email alert service</a> for notification of its newly published research papers.</p><p>There are separate alert services for <a href="/publications/research-and-commentary/fortnightly-economic-updates" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="95e32d82-6cdb-4105-b49c-4db373b0afae" data-entity-substitution="canonical">Fortnightly Economic Updates</a> and for <a 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class="field__label font-weight-bold"> Related information: </div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/publications/research-and-commentary/email-alerts-new-research-papers">Email alerts for new research papers</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/publications/research-and-commentary/other-paper-series-and-details/disclaimer-research-and-commentary-publications">Disclaimer for research and commentary publications</a></div> </div> </div> <div class="page__field-cassbase-link-external"> <div class="field__label font-weight-bold"> Related external links: </div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="https://www.nzier.org.nz/hubfs/Public%20Publications/Client%20reports/Fairness%20Phase%201%20Report.pdf">NZIER: Perceptions of fairness in New Zealand - Phase 1 report</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="https://informedfutures.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/Fairness-report-Phase-2-FINAL-COVER.pdf">Koi Tū: Perceptions of fairness in New Zealand - Phase 2 report</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="https://ideas.repec.org/">Database of working papers and research on economics provided by RePEc (Research Papers in Economics)</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="https://www.rbnz.govt.nz/research/our-research-and-analysis/discussion-papers#sort=%40computedsortdate%20descending">Reserve Bank of New Zealand Discussion Papers</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section class="views-element-container promotion promotion--contextual-list-category has-margin-top-triple block block-views block-views-blocktsy-resource-tsy-contextual-list-category-block clearfix" id="block-tsy-theme-views-block-tsy-resource-tsy-contextual-list-category"> <div><div class="js-view-dom-id-51041579bcf12c86a7afccf633b5c7b16c41c6a4b3a17a477be874fe282ebf90"> <div class="views-element-container"><div class="attachment attachment-before js-view-dom-id-702475708ce0bf4c366043ff97dde1c57fda57585a50b166c82f85ca18f03924"> <div 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Transfer System (AN 25/01)</a> </h3> <div class="slat__term resource__type">Analytical note</div> <div class="slat__date resource__field-issue-date"><time datetime="2025-01-23T12:00:00Z">23 Jan 2025</time> </div> </div> </li> <li class="mt-3 pt-3 border-top"><div class="slat node node--type-resource node--view-mode-short-teaser ds-1col clearfix"> <h3 class="slat__title"> <a href="/publications/weu/fortnightly-economic-update-20-december-2024" hreflang="en">Fortnightly Economic Update - 20 December 2024</a> </h3> <div class="slat__term resource__type">Weekly economic update</div> <div class="slat__date resource__field-issue-date"><time datetime="2024-12-23T12:00:00Z">23 Dec 2024</time> </div> </div> </li> <li class="mt-3 pt-3 border-top"><div class="slat node node--type-resource node--view-mode-short-teaser ds-1col clearfix"> <h3 class="slat__title"> <a href="/publications/an/an-24-10" hreflang="en">Exploring trends in income inequality in New Zealand (2007–2023) (AN 24/10)</a> </h3> <div class="slat__term resource__type">Analytical note</div> <div class="slat__date resource__field-issue-date"><time datetime="2024-12-10T12:00:00Z">10 Dec 2024</time> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="views-element-container"><div class="attachment attachment-after tsy-contextual-more-links js-view-dom-id-ea420af355d98276e2db2be55a303e69152c27ffec18482fa29416647275df92"> <div class="views-row"><div class="views-field views-field-field-tsy-publication-category"><div class="field-content"><div class="more-link"> <a href="/publications/search?f%5B0%5D=publication_category%3A2709">View all in the Publication search</a> </div></div></div></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section class="views-element-container promotion promotion--in-this-section prose has-margin-top-double block block-views block-views-blocktsy-sub-menu-pages-block-2 clearfix" id="block-views-block-tsy-sub-menu-pages-block-2"> <h2 class="block-title">In this section</h2> <div><div class="js-view-dom-id-4e78dd214df0104ea88b4dca32d43dfd1a7b4c105a74b68ff96c4814b4ca48a0"> <div> <ul class="list-unstyled container"> <li class="promotion--inner has-border-top row mb-5 pt-4"><h3 class="views-field views-field-title slat__title"><span class="field-content"><a href="/publications/research-and-commentary/a-z" hreflang="und">Research papers A-Z</a></span></h3><div class="slat__content">Search for research papers published on the Treasury website by author, by subject keyword or by JEL classification.<div class="views-field views-field-view mt-4"><span class="field-content"><div class="js-view-dom-id-f42b33fdd025df220df76e98ca64876cee5aa192fd55a9075aa7bcc70bb1495c"> </div> </span></div><div></div></div></li> <li class="promotion--inner has-border-top row mb-5 pt-4"><h3 class="views-field views-field-title slat__title"><span class="field-content"><a href="/publications/research-and-commentary/fortnightly-economic-updates" hreflang="und">Fortnightly Economic 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href="/publications/research-and-commentary/treasury-papers" hreflang="und">Treasury Papers</a></span></h3><div class="slat__content">Treasury Papers are usually authored by Treasury as an organisation and express its views on a specific issue or topic.<div class="views-field views-field-view mt-4"><span class="field-content"><div class="js-view-dom-id-1d8f6a070b22ae5502d04646e3413d1d3942cf7c4349cd00ac568bbe4f65f10a"> </div> </span></div><div></div></div></li> <li class="promotion--inner has-border-top row mb-5 pt-4"><h3 class="views-field views-field-title slat__title"><span class="field-content"><a href="/publications/research-and-commentary/modelling-and-data-tools" hreflang="en">Modelling and data tools</a></span></h3><div class="slat__content">The Treasury releases a number of the spreadsheet-based or software modelling tools it uses to inform its economic and fiscal forecasts and its research and policy work.<div class="views-field views-field-view mt-4"><span 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href="/publications/research-and-commentary/discontinued-series/policy-perspectives-papers-2005-2009">Policy Perspectives Papers (2005-2009)</a></span></div></li> <li class="col-lg-6"><div class="views-field views-field-title-1"><span class="field-content"><a href="/publications/research-and-commentary/discontinued-series/monthly-economic-indicators-2008-2020">Monthly Economic Indicators (2008-2020)</a></span></div></li> <li class="col-lg-6"><div class="views-field views-field-title-1"><span class="field-content"><a href="/publications/research-and-commentary/new-zealand-economic-and-financial-overviews-1997-2016">New Zealand Economic and Financial Overviews (1997-2016)</a></span></div></li> <li class="col-lg-6"><div class="views-field views-field-title-1"><span class="field-content"><a href="/publications/research-and-commentary/discontinued-series/new-zealand-activity-index-2020-2021">New Zealand Activity Index (2020-2021)</a></span></div></li> <li class="col-lg-6"><div 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