CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en-US" > <head><meta charset="UTF-8"><script>if(navigator.userAgent.match(/MSIE|Internet Explorer/i)||navigator.userAgent.match(/Trident\/7\..*?rv:11/i)){var href=document.location.href;if(!href.match(/[?&]nowprocket/)){if(href.indexOf("?")==-1){if(href.indexOf("#")==-1){document.location.href=href+"?nowprocket=1"}else{document.location.href=href.replace("#","?nowprocket=1#")}}else{if(href.indexOf("#")==-1){document.location.href=href+"&nowprocket=1"}else{document.location.href=href.replace("#","&nowprocket=1#")}}}}</script><script>class RocketLazyLoadScripts{constructor(e){this.triggerEvents=e,this.eventOptions={passive:!0},this.userEventListener=this.triggerListener.bind(this),this.delayedScripts={normal:[],async:[],defer:[]},this.allJQueries=[]}_addUserInteractionListener(e){this.triggerEvents.forEach((t=>window.addEventListener(t,e.userEventListener,e.eventOptions)))}_removeUserInteractionListener(e){this.triggerEvents.forEach((t=>window.removeEventListener(t,e.userEventListener,e.eventOptions)))}triggerListener(){this._removeUserInteractionListener(this),"loading"===document.readyState?document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",this._loadEverythingNow.bind(this)):this._loadEverythingNow()}async _loadEverythingNow(){this._delayEventListeners(),this._delayJQueryReady(this),this._handleDocumentWrite(),this._registerAllDelayedScripts(),this._preloadAllScripts(),await this._loadScriptsFromList(this.delayedScripts.normal),await this._loadScriptsFromList(this.delayedScripts.defer),await this._loadScriptsFromList(this.delayedScripts.async),await this._triggerDOMContentLoaded(),await this._triggerWindowLoad(),window.dispatchEvent(new Event("rocket-allScriptsLoaded"))}_registerAllDelayedScripts(){document.querySelectorAll("script[type=rocketlazyloadscript]").forEach((e=>{e.hasAttribute("src")?e.hasAttribute("async")&&!1!==e.async?this.delayedScripts.async.push(e):e.hasAttribute("defer")&&!1!==e.defer||"module"===e.getAttribute("data-rocket-type")?this.delayedScripts.defer.push(e):this.delayedScripts.normal.push(e):this.delayedScripts.normal.push(e)}))}async _transformScript(e){return await this._requestAnimFrame(),new Promise((t=>{const n=document.createElement("script");let r;[...e.attributes].forEach((e=>{let t=e.nodeName;"type"!==t&&("data-rocket-type"===t&&(t="type",r=e.nodeValue),n.setAttribute(t,e.nodeValue))})),e.hasAttribute("src")?(n.addEventListener("load",t),n.addEventListener("error",t)):(n.text=e.text,t()),e.parentNode.replaceChild(n,e)}))}async _loadScriptsFromList(e){const t=e.shift();return t?(await this._transformScript(t),this._loadScriptsFromList(e)):Promise.resolve()}_preloadAllScripts(){var e=document.createDocumentFragment();[...this.delayedScripts.normal,...this.delayedScripts.defer,...this.delayedScripts.async].forEach((t=>{const n=t.getAttribute("src");if(n){const t=document.createElement("link");t.href=n,t.rel="preload",t.as="script",e.appendChild(t)}})),document.head.appendChild(e)}_delayEventListeners(){let e={};function t(t,n){!function(t){function n(n){return e[t].eventsToRewrite.indexOf(n)>=0?"rocket-"+n:n}e[t]||(e[t]={originalFunctions:{add:t.addEventListener,remove:t.removeEventListener},eventsToRewrite:[]},t.addEventListener=function(){arguments[0]=n(arguments[0]),e[t].originalFunctions.add.apply(t,arguments)},t.removeEventListener=function(){arguments[0]=n(arguments[0]),e[t].originalFunctions.remove.apply(t,arguments)})}(t),e[t].eventsToRewrite.push(n)}function n(e,t){let n=e[t];Object.defineProperty(e,t,{get:()=>n||function(){},set(r){e["rocket"+t]=n=r}})}t(document,"DOMContentLoaded"),t(window,"DOMContentLoaded"),t(window,"load"),t(window,"pageshow"),t(document,"readystatechange"),n(document,"onreadystatechange"),n(window,"onload"),n(window,"onpageshow")}_delayJQueryReady(e){let t=window.jQuery;Object.defineProperty(window,"jQuery",{get:()=>t,set(n){if(n&&n.fn&&!e.allJQueries.includes(n)){n.fn.ready=n.fn.init.prototype.ready=function(t){e.domReadyFired?t.bind(document)(n):document.addEventListener("rocket-DOMContentLoaded",(()=>t.bind(document)(n)))};const t=n.fn.on;n.fn.on=n.fn.init.prototype.on=function(){if(this[0]===window){function e(e){return e.split(" ").map((e=>"load"===e||0===e.indexOf("load.")?"rocket-jquery-load":e)).join(" ")}"string"==typeof arguments[0]||arguments[0]instanceof String?arguments[0]=e(arguments[0]):"object"==typeof arguments[0]&&Object.keys(arguments[0]).forEach((t=>{delete Object.assign(arguments[0],{[e(t)]:arguments[0][t]})[t]}))}return t.apply(this,arguments),this},e.allJQueries.push(n)}t=n}})}async _triggerDOMContentLoaded(){this.domReadyFired=!0,await this._requestAnimFrame(),document.dispatchEvent(new Event("rocket-DOMContentLoaded")),await this._requestAnimFrame(),window.dispatchEvent(new Event("rocket-DOMContentLoaded")),await this._requestAnimFrame(),document.dispatchEvent(new Event("rocket-readystatechange")),await this._requestAnimFrame(),document.rocketonreadystatechange&&document.rocketonreadystatechange()}async _triggerWindowLoad(){await this._requestAnimFrame(),window.dispatchEvent(new Event("rocket-load")),await this._requestAnimFrame(),window.rocketonload&&window.rocketonload(),await this._requestAnimFrame(),this.allJQueries.forEach((e=>e(window).trigger("rocket-jquery-load"))),window.dispatchEvent(new Event("rocket-pageshow")),await this._requestAnimFrame(),window.rocketonpageshow&&window.rocketonpageshow()}_handleDocumentWrite(){const e=new Map;document.write=document.writeln=function(t){const n=document.currentScript,r=document.createRange(),i=n.parentElement;let o=e.get(n);void 0===o&&(o=n.nextSibling,e.set(n,o));const a=document.createDocumentFragment();r.setStart(a,0),a.appendChild(r.createContextualFragment(t)),i.insertBefore(a,o)}}async _requestAnimFrame(){return new Promise((e=>requestAnimationFrame(e)))}static run(){const e=new RocketLazyLoadScripts(["keydown","mousemove","touchmove","touchstart","touchend","wheel"]);e._addUserInteractionListener(e)}}RocketLazyLoadScripts.run();</script> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <title> Decoding Life’s Origins with Lost Biochemical Clues - tec5USA </title><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/cache/min/1/dd924a042123ca14598ee6cc39cd9d71.css" media="all" data-minify="1" /> <link rel="profile" href="http://gmpg.org/xfn/11"> <link rel="pingback" href="https://www.tec5usa.com/xmlrpc.php"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/themes/digitalsilk/assets/images/favicon/favicon//tec5_favicon_180x180.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="32x32" href="https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/themes/digitalsilk/assets/images/favicon/favicon//tec5_favicon_32x32.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="16x16" href="https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/themes/digitalsilk/assets/images/favicon/favicon//tec5_favicon_16x16.png">  <link rel="preload" href="https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/themes/digitalsilk/assets/fonts/poppins/poppins-v15-latin-700.woff2" as="font" crossorigin="anonymous" />  <link rel="preload" href="https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/themes/digitalsilk/assets/fonts/poppins/poppins-v15-latin-regular.woff2" as="font" crossorigin="anonymous" />  <link rel="preload" href="https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/themes/digitalsilk/assets/fonts/krona-one/krona-one-v9-latin-regular.woff2" as="font" crossorigin="anonymous" />   <style title="CriticalCSS"></style> <meta name='robots' content='index, follow, max-image-preview:large, max-snippet:-1, max-video-preview:-1' />  <script data-cfasync="false" data-pagespeed-no-defer> var gtm4wp_datalayer_name = "dataLayer"; var dataLayer = dataLayer || []; </script>   <meta name="description" content="  A new study demonstrates that just a handful of “forgotten” biochemical reactions are needed to transform simple geochemical compounds into the" /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.tec5usa.com/decoding-life-s-origins-with-lost-biochemical-clues/" /> <meta property="og:locale" content="en_US" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="og:title" content="Decoding Life’s Origins with Lost Biochemical Clues - tec5USA" /> <meta property="og:description" content="  A new study demonstrates that just a handful of “forgotten” biochemical reactions are needed to transform simple geochemical compounds into the" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.tec5usa.com/decoding-life-s-origins-with-lost-biochemical-clues/" /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="tec5USA" /> <meta property="article:publisher" content="https://www.facebook.com/tec5USA/" /> <meta property="article:published_time" content="2024-05-30T17:02:58+00:00" /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/SciTechDaily-Picture-1.jpg" /> <meta property="og:image:width" content="964" /> <meta property="og:image:height" content="540" /> <meta property="og:image:type" content="image/jpeg" /> <meta name="author" content="monika" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" /> <meta name="twitter:creator" content="@tec5usa" /> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@tec5usa" /> <meta name="twitter:label1" content="Written by" /> <meta name="twitter:data1" content="monika" /> <meta name="twitter:label2" content="Est. reading time" /> <meta name="twitter:data2" content="4 minutes" /> <script type="application/ld+json" class="yoast-schema-graph">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https://www.tec5usa.com/decoding-life-s-origins-with-lost-biochemical-clues/","url":"https://www.tec5usa.com/decoding-life-s-origins-with-lost-biochemical-clues/","name":"Decoding Life’s Origins with Lost Biochemical Clues - tec5USA","isPartOf":{"@id":"https://www.tec5usa.com/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https://www.tec5usa.com/decoding-life-s-origins-with-lost-biochemical-clues/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https://www.tec5usa.com/decoding-life-s-origins-with-lost-biochemical-clues/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/SciTechDaily-Picture-1.jpg","datePublished":"2024-05-30T17:02:58+00:00","dateModified":"2024-05-30T17:02:58+00:00","author":{"@id":"https://www.tec5usa.com/#/schema/person/3c1f5b32983bea5b964061ed5015c4bf"},"description":"  A new study demonstrates that just a handful of “forgotten” biochemical reactions are needed to transform simple geochemical compounds into the","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https://www.tec5usa.com/decoding-life-s-origins-with-lost-biochemical-clues/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https://www.tec5usa.com/decoding-life-s-origins-with-lost-biochemical-clues/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://www.tec5usa.com/decoding-life-s-origins-with-lost-biochemical-clues/#primaryimage","url":"https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/SciTechDaily-Picture-1.jpg","contentUrl":"https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/SciTechDaily-Picture-1.jpg","width":964,"height":540,"caption":"Metabolism is the “beating heart of the cell”. New research from ELSI retraces the history of metabolism from the primordial Earth to the modern day (left to right). The history of compound discovery over time (white line) is cyclic, almost resembling an EKG. Credit: NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center/Francis Reddy/NASA/ESA"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https://www.tec5usa.com/decoding-life-s-origins-with-lost-biochemical-clues/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Blog","item":"https://www.tec5usa.com/industry-insights/blog/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Decoding Life’s Origins with Lost Biochemical Clues"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https://www.tec5usa.com/#website","url":"https://www.tec5usa.com/","name":"tec5USA","description":"","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https://www.tec5usa.com/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https://www.tec5usa.com/#/schema/person/3c1f5b32983bea5b964061ed5015c4bf","name":"monika","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://www.tec5usa.com/#/schema/person/image/","url":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/20d5675875afdd2a74fd4b4de73f38e0?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/20d5675875afdd2a74fd4b4de73f38e0?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"monika"}}]}</script>  <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//www.tec5usa.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//static.addtoany.com' /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="tec5USA » Feed" href="https://www.tec5usa.com/feed/" /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="tec5USA » Comments Feed" href="https://www.tec5usa.com/comments/feed/" /> <style id='classic-theme-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'> /*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} </style> <style id='global-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'> :root{--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--square: 1;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--4-3: 4/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-4: 3/4;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-2: 3/2;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--2-3: 2/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--16-9: 16/9;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--9-16: 9/16;--wp--preset--color--black: #000000;--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray: #abb8c3;--wp--preset--color--white: #ffffff;--wp--preset--color--pale-pink: #f78da7;--wp--preset--color--vivid-red: #cf2e2e;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange: #ff6900;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber: #fcb900;--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan: #7bdcb5;--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan: #00d084;--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue: #8ed1fc;--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue: #0693e3;--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple: #9b51e0;--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(6,147,227,1) 0%,rgb(155,81,224) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(122,220,180) 0%,rgb(0,208,130) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(252,185,0,1) 0%,rgba(255,105,0,1) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(255,105,0,1) 0%,rgb(207,46,46) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(238,238,238) 0%,rgb(169,184,195) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(74,234,220) 0%,rgb(151,120,209) 20%,rgb(207,42,186) 40%,rgb(238,44,130) 60%,rgb(251,105,98) 80%,rgb(254,248,76) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,206,236) 0%,rgb(152,150,240) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(254,205,165) 0%,rgb(254,45,45) 50%,rgb(107,0,62) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,203,112) 0%,rgb(199,81,192) 50%,rgb(65,88,208) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,245,203) 0%,rgb(182,227,212) 50%,rgb(51,167,181) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(202,248,128) 0%,rgb(113,206,126) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--midnight: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(2,3,129) 0%,rgb(40,116,252) 100%);--wp--preset--font-size--small: 13px;--wp--preset--font-size--medium: 20px;--wp--preset--font-size--large: 36px;--wp--preset--font-size--x-large: 42px;--wp--preset--spacing--20: 0.44rem;--wp--preset--spacing--30: 0.67rem;--wp--preset--spacing--40: 1rem;--wp--preset--spacing--50: 1.5rem;--wp--preset--spacing--60: 2.25rem;--wp--preset--spacing--70: 3.38rem;--wp--preset--spacing--80: 5.06rem;--wp--preset--shadow--natural: 6px 6px 9px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--deep: 12px 12px 50px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);--wp--preset--shadow--sharp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--outlined: 6px 6px 0px -3px rgba(255, 255, 255, 1), 6px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);--wp--preset--shadow--crisp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);}:where(.is-layout-flex){gap: 0.5em;}:where(.is-layout-grid){gap: 0.5em;}body .is-layout-flex{display: flex;}.is-layout-flex{flex-wrap: wrap;align-items: center;}.is-layout-flex > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}body .is-layout-grid{display: grid;}.is-layout-grid > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;}.has-black-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red) !important;}.has-very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-cool-to-warm-spectrum-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum) !important;}.has-blush-light-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple) !important;}.has-blush-bordeaux-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux) !important;}.has-luminous-dusk-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk) !important;}.has-pale-ocean-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean) !important;}.has-electric-grass-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass) !important;}.has-midnight-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--midnight) !important;}.has-small-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--small) !important;}.has-medium-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium) !important;}.has-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--large) !important;}.has-x-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--x-large) !important;} :where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;} :where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;} :root :where(.wp-block-pullquote){font-size: 1.5em;line-height: 1.6;} </style> <style id='moove_gdpr_frontend-inline-css' type='text/css'> #moove_gdpr_cookie_modal .moove-gdpr-modal-content .moove-gdpr-tab-main h3.tab-title, #moove_gdpr_cookie_modal .moove-gdpr-modal-content .moove-gdpr-tab-main span.tab-title, #moove_gdpr_cookie_modal .moove-gdpr-modal-content .moove-gdpr-modal-left-content #moove-gdpr-menu li a, #moove_gdpr_cookie_modal .moove-gdpr-modal-content .moove-gdpr-modal-left-content #moove-gdpr-menu li button, #moove_gdpr_cookie_modal .moove-gdpr-modal-content .moove-gdpr-modal-left-content .moove-gdpr-branding-cnt a, #moove_gdpr_cookie_modal .moove-gdpr-modal-content .moove-gdpr-modal-footer-content .moove-gdpr-button-holder a.mgbutton, #moove_gdpr_cookie_modal .moove-gdpr-modal-content .moove-gdpr-modal-footer-content .moove-gdpr-button-holder button.mgbutton, #moove_gdpr_cookie_modal .cookie-switch .cookie-slider:after, #moove_gdpr_cookie_modal .cookie-switch .slider:after, #moove_gdpr_cookie_modal .switch .cookie-slider:after, #moove_gdpr_cookie_modal .switch .slider:after, #moove_gdpr_cookie_info_bar .moove-gdpr-info-bar-container .moove-gdpr-info-bar-content p, #moove_gdpr_cookie_info_bar .moove-gdpr-info-bar-container .moove-gdpr-info-bar-content p a, #moove_gdpr_cookie_info_bar .moove-gdpr-info-bar-container .moove-gdpr-info-bar-content a.mgbutton, #moove_gdpr_cookie_info_bar .moove-gdpr-info-bar-container .moove-gdpr-info-bar-content button.mgbutton, #moove_gdpr_cookie_modal .moove-gdpr-modal-content .moove-gdpr-tab-main .moove-gdpr-tab-main-content h1, #moove_gdpr_cookie_modal .moove-gdpr-modal-content .moove-gdpr-tab-main .moove-gdpr-tab-main-content h2, #moove_gdpr_cookie_modal .moove-gdpr-modal-content .moove-gdpr-tab-main .moove-gdpr-tab-main-content h3, #moove_gdpr_cookie_modal .moove-gdpr-modal-content .moove-gdpr-tab-main .moove-gdpr-tab-main-content h4, #moove_gdpr_cookie_modal .moove-gdpr-modal-content .moove-gdpr-tab-main .moove-gdpr-tab-main-content h5, #moove_gdpr_cookie_modal .moove-gdpr-modal-content .moove-gdpr-tab-main .moove-gdpr-tab-main-content h6, #moove_gdpr_cookie_modal .moove-gdpr-modal-content.moove_gdpr_modal_theme_v2 .moove-gdpr-modal-title .tab-title, #moove_gdpr_cookie_modal .moove-gdpr-modal-content.moove_gdpr_modal_theme_v2 .moove-gdpr-tab-main h3.tab-title, #moove_gdpr_cookie_modal .moove-gdpr-modal-content.moove_gdpr_modal_theme_v2 .moove-gdpr-tab-main span.tab-title, #moove_gdpr_cookie_modal .moove-gdpr-modal-content.moove_gdpr_modal_theme_v2 .moove-gdpr-branding-cnt a { font-weight: inherit } #moove_gdpr_cookie_modal,#moove_gdpr_cookie_info_bar,.gdpr_cookie_settings_shortcode_content{font-family:inherit}#moove_gdpr_save_popup_settings_button{background-color:#373737;color:#fff}#moove_gdpr_save_popup_settings_button:hover{background-color:#000}#moove_gdpr_cookie_info_bar .moove-gdpr-info-bar-container .moove-gdpr-info-bar-content a.mgbutton,#moove_gdpr_cookie_info_bar .moove-gdpr-info-bar-container .moove-gdpr-info-bar-content button.mgbutton{background-color:#cd0026}#moove_gdpr_cookie_modal .moove-gdpr-modal-content .moove-gdpr-modal-footer-content .moove-gdpr-button-holder a.mgbutton,#moove_gdpr_cookie_modal .moove-gdpr-modal-content .moove-gdpr-modal-footer-content .moove-gdpr-button-holder button.mgbutton,.gdpr_cookie_settings_shortcode_content .gdpr-shr-button.button-green{background-color:#cd0026;border-color:#cd0026}#moove_gdpr_cookie_modal .moove-gdpr-modal-content .moove-gdpr-modal-footer-content .moove-gdpr-button-holder a.mgbutton:hover,#moove_gdpr_cookie_modal .moove-gdpr-modal-content .moove-gdpr-modal-footer-content .moove-gdpr-button-holder button.mgbutton:hover,.gdpr_cookie_settings_shortcode_content .gdpr-shr-button.button-green:hover{background-color:#fff;color:#cd0026}#moove_gdpr_cookie_modal .moove-gdpr-modal-content .moove-gdpr-modal-close i,#moove_gdpr_cookie_modal .moove-gdpr-modal-content .moove-gdpr-modal-close span.gdpr-icon{background-color:#cd0026;border:1px solid #cd0026}#moove_gdpr_cookie_info_bar span.change-settings-button.focus-g,#moove_gdpr_cookie_info_bar span.change-settings-button:focus,#moove_gdpr_cookie_info_bar button.change-settings-button.focus-g,#moove_gdpr_cookie_info_bar button.change-settings-button:focus{-webkit-box-shadow:0 0 1px 3px #cd0026;-moz-box-shadow:0 0 1px 3px #cd0026;box-shadow:0 0 1px 3px #cd0026}#moove_gdpr_cookie_modal .moove-gdpr-modal-content .moove-gdpr-modal-close i:hover,#moove_gdpr_cookie_modal .moove-gdpr-modal-content .moove-gdpr-modal-close span.gdpr-icon:hover,#moove_gdpr_cookie_info_bar span[data-href]>u.change-settings-button{color:#cd0026}#moove_gdpr_cookie_modal .moove-gdpr-modal-content .moove-gdpr-modal-left-content #moove-gdpr-menu li.menu-item-selected a span.gdpr-icon,#moove_gdpr_cookie_modal .moove-gdpr-modal-content .moove-gdpr-modal-left-content #moove-gdpr-menu li.menu-item-selected button span.gdpr-icon{color:inherit}#moove_gdpr_cookie_modal .moove-gdpr-modal-content .moove-gdpr-modal-left-content #moove-gdpr-menu li a span.gdpr-icon,#moove_gdpr_cookie_modal .moove-gdpr-modal-content .moove-gdpr-modal-left-content #moove-gdpr-menu li button span.gdpr-icon{color:inherit}#moove_gdpr_cookie_modal .gdpr-acc-link{line-height:0;font-size:0;color:transparent;position:absolute}#moove_gdpr_cookie_modal .moove-gdpr-modal-content .moove-gdpr-modal-close:hover i,#moove_gdpr_cookie_modal .moove-gdpr-modal-content .moove-gdpr-modal-left-content #moove-gdpr-menu li a,#moove_gdpr_cookie_modal .moove-gdpr-modal-content .moove-gdpr-modal-left-content #moove-gdpr-menu li button,#moove_gdpr_cookie_modal .moove-gdpr-modal-content .moove-gdpr-modal-left-content #moove-gdpr-menu li button i,#moove_gdpr_cookie_modal .moove-gdpr-modal-content .moove-gdpr-modal-left-content #moove-gdpr-menu li a i,#moove_gdpr_cookie_modal .moove-gdpr-modal-content .moove-gdpr-tab-main .moove-gdpr-tab-main-content a:hover,#moove_gdpr_cookie_info_bar.moove-gdpr-dark-scheme .moove-gdpr-info-bar-container .moove-gdpr-info-bar-content a.mgbutton:hover,#moove_gdpr_cookie_info_bar.moove-gdpr-dark-scheme .moove-gdpr-info-bar-container .moove-gdpr-info-bar-content button.mgbutton:hover,#moove_gdpr_cookie_info_bar.moove-gdpr-dark-scheme .moove-gdpr-info-bar-container .moove-gdpr-info-bar-content a:hover,#moove_gdpr_cookie_info_bar.moove-gdpr-dark-scheme .moove-gdpr-info-bar-container .moove-gdpr-info-bar-content button:hover,#moove_gdpr_cookie_info_bar.moove-gdpr-dark-scheme .moove-gdpr-info-bar-container .moove-gdpr-info-bar-content span.change-settings-button:hover,#moove_gdpr_cookie_info_bar.moove-gdpr-dark-scheme .moove-gdpr-info-bar-container .moove-gdpr-info-bar-content button.change-settings-button:hover,#moove_gdpr_cookie_info_bar.moove-gdpr-dark-scheme .moove-gdpr-info-bar-container .moove-gdpr-info-bar-content u.change-settings-button:hover,#moove_gdpr_cookie_info_bar span[data-href]>u.change-settings-button,#moove_gdpr_cookie_info_bar.moove-gdpr-dark-scheme .moove-gdpr-info-bar-container .moove-gdpr-info-bar-content a.mgbutton.focus-g,#moove_gdpr_cookie_info_bar.moove-gdpr-dark-scheme .moove-gdpr-info-bar-container .moove-gdpr-info-bar-content button.mgbutton.focus-g,#moove_gdpr_cookie_info_bar.moove-gdpr-dark-scheme .moove-gdpr-info-bar-container .moove-gdpr-info-bar-content a.focus-g,#moove_gdpr_cookie_info_bar.moove-gdpr-dark-scheme .moove-gdpr-info-bar-container .moove-gdpr-info-bar-content button.focus-g,#moove_gdpr_cookie_info_bar.moove-gdpr-dark-scheme .moove-gdpr-info-bar-container .moove-gdpr-info-bar-content a.mgbutton:focus,#moove_gdpr_cookie_info_bar.moove-gdpr-dark-scheme .moove-gdpr-info-bar-container .moove-gdpr-info-bar-content button.mgbutton:focus,#moove_gdpr_cookie_info_bar.moove-gdpr-dark-scheme .moove-gdpr-info-bar-container .moove-gdpr-info-bar-content a:focus,#moove_gdpr_cookie_info_bar.moove-gdpr-dark-scheme .moove-gdpr-info-bar-container .moove-gdpr-info-bar-content button:focus,#moove_gdpr_cookie_info_bar.moove-gdpr-dark-scheme .moove-gdpr-info-bar-container .moove-gdpr-info-bar-content span.change-settings-button.focus-g,span.change-settings-button:focus,button.change-settings-button.focus-g,button.change-settings-button:focus,#moove_gdpr_cookie_info_bar.moove-gdpr-dark-scheme .moove-gdpr-info-bar-container .moove-gdpr-info-bar-content u.change-settings-button.focus-g,#moove_gdpr_cookie_info_bar.moove-gdpr-dark-scheme .moove-gdpr-info-bar-container .moove-gdpr-info-bar-content u.change-settings-button:focus{color:#cd0026}#moove_gdpr_cookie_modal.gdpr_lightbox-hide{display:none}#moove_gdpr_cookie_info_bar.gdpr-full-screen-infobar .moove-gdpr-info-bar-container .moove-gdpr-info-bar-content .moove-gdpr-cookie-notice p a{color:#cd0026!important} </style> <style id='rocket-lazyload-inline-css' type='text/css'> .rll-youtube-player{position:relative;padding-bottom:56.23%;height:0;overflow:hidden;max-width:100%;}.rll-youtube-player iframe{position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;z-index:100;background:0 0}.rll-youtube-player img{bottom:0;display:block;left:0;margin:auto;max-width:100%;width:100%;position:absolute;right:0;top:0;border:none;height:auto;cursor:pointer;-webkit-transition:.4s all;-moz-transition:.4s all;transition:.4s all}.rll-youtube-player img:hover{-webkit-filter:brightness(75%)}.rll-youtube-player .play{height:72px;width:72px;left:50%;top:50%;margin-left:-36px;margin-top:-36px;position:absolute;background:url(https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-rocket/assets/img/youtube.png) no-repeat;cursor:pointer} </style> <script type="rocketlazyloadscript" data-rocket-type="text/javascript" id="addtoany-core-js-before"> /* <![CDATA[ */ window.a2a_config=window.a2a_config||{};a2a_config.callbacks=[];a2a_config.overlays=[];a2a_config.templates={}; a2a_config.icon_color="#ffffff,#dd3333"; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="rocketlazyloadscript" data-rocket-type="text/javascript" defer defer src="https://static.addtoany.com/menu/page.js" id="addtoany-core-js"></script> <script type="rocketlazyloadscript" data-rocket-type="text/javascript" src="https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery.min.js?ver=3.7.1" id="jquery-core-js" defer></script> <script type="rocketlazyloadscript" data-rocket-type="text/javascript" defer src="https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery-migrate.min.js?ver=3.4.1" id="jquery-migrate-js"></script> <script type="rocketlazyloadscript" data-rocket-type="text/javascript" defer defer src="https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/plugins/add-to-any/addtoany.min.js?ver=1.1" id="addtoany-jquery-js"></script> <script type="rocketlazyloadscript" data-rocket-type="text/javascript" defer src="https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/themes/digitalsilk/assets/js/slick.min.js?ver=1" id="slick-js-js"></script> <script type="rocketlazyloadscript" data-rocket-type="text/javascript" defer src="https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/themes/digitalsilk/assets/js/jquery.fancybox.min.js?ver=1" id="fancybox-app-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="global-js-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var main_ajax = {"admin_url":"https:\/\/www.tec5usa.com\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","base_url":"https:\/\/www.tec5usa.com"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="rocketlazyloadscript" data-rocket-type="text/javascript" defer src="https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/themes/digitalsilk/assets/dist/js/global.min.js?ver=1.1" id="global-js-js"></script> <link rel="https://api.w.org/" href="https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-json/" /><link rel="alternate" title="JSON" type="application/json" href="https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-json/wp/v2/posts/3835" /><link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" title="RSD" href="https://www.tec5usa.com/xmlrpc.php?rsd" /> <meta name="generator" content="WordPress 6.6.2" /> <link rel='shortlink' href='https://www.tec5usa.com/?p=3835' /> <link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (JSON)" type="application/json+oembed" href="https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tec5usa.com%2Fdecoding-life-s-origins-with-lost-biochemical-clues%2F" /> <link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (XML)" type="text/xml+oembed" href="https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tec5usa.com%2Fdecoding-life-s-origins-with-lost-biochemical-clues%2F&format=xml" />   <script data-cfasync="false" data-pagespeed-no-defer type="text/javascript"> var dataLayer_content = {"visitorLoginState":"logged-out","visitorType":"visitor-logged-out","browserName":"","browserVersion":"","browserEngineName":"","browserEngineVersion":"","osName":"","osVersion":"","deviceType":"","deviceManufacturer":"","deviceModel":""}; dataLayer.push( dataLayer_content ); </script> <script type="rocketlazyloadscript" data-cfasync="false"> (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= '//www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-M953MMM'); </script>  <style type="text/css" id="wp-custom-css"> .distributor-slide__right-box .long-desc ul li { color: white; } .distributor-slide__right-box .long-desc ul { padding-top: 10px; } .market-single__item-description a { color: #CD0026; } .hero.--small .esg-landing-hero__title { margin-bottom: 30px } .hero .btn-primary { margin-top: 30px; } .hero .btn-primary .btn-text { color: #fff; } </style> <noscript><style id="rocket-lazyload-nojs-css">.rll-youtube-player, [data-lazy-src]{display:none !important;}</style></noscript> </head> <body class="post-template-default single single-post postid-3835 single-format-standard" > <div class="wrapper"> <header id="site-header" class="site-header js-bigMenu"> <div class="site-header__wrap"> <div class="site-header__logo"> <button class="site-header__nav-btn js-toggle" role="button" data-open =".js-bigMenu" aria-lable="button to open navigation menu" aria-expanded = "false"> <div class="site-header__hamburger hamburger"> <span class="hamburger-box"> <span class="hamburger-inner"></span> </span> </div> </button> <a href="https://www.tec5usa.com" class="site-logo"> <img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%20216%2060'%3E%3C/svg%3E" alt="tec5USA" width="216" height="60" class="logo-img" data-lazy-src="https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/logo.png" /><noscript><img src="https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/logo.png" alt="tec5USA" width="216" height="60" class="logo-img" /></noscript> </a> </div>  <div class="site-header__menu --big"> <nav> <ul id="menu-side-header-menu" class="header-big-content menu"><li id="nav-menu-item-326" class="menu-col-1 main-menu-item --first section-heading js-toggleMainSub --col-2 menu-item-even menu-item-depth-0 menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children"><span class='icon-wrap'> <svg class="icon icon-arrow " width="19" height="19" aria-hidden="true" role="img"><use xlink:href="https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/themes/digitalsilk/assets/images/icons.svg#arrow"></use></svg></span><a class="menu-link main-menu-link"><span class="menu-item-title">Products & Solutions</span></a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="nav-menu-item-635" class="menu-col-2 sub-menu-item js-toggleSub --no-hover menu-item-odd menu-item-depth-1 menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-product-category menu-item-has-children"><span class='icon-wrap'><svg class="icon icon-arrow " width="19" height="19" aria-hidden="true" role="img"><use xlink:href="https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/themes/digitalsilk/assets/images/icons.svg#arrow"></use></svg></span><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/products/oem-components/" class="menu-link sub-menu-link"><span class="menu-item-title">OEM Components</span></a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="nav-menu-item-638" class="menu-col-2 sub-menu-item sub-sub-menu-item menu-item-even menu-item-depth-2 menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-product-category"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/products/oem-spectrometers/" class="menu-link sub-menu-link"><span class="menu-item-title">Optical Benches & Spectrometer Modules</span></a></li> <li id="nav-menu-item-876" class="menu-col-2 sub-menu-item sub-sub-menu-item menu-item-even menu-item-depth-2 menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-product-category"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/products/sensor-electronics-drivers-software/" class="menu-link sub-menu-link"><span class="menu-item-title">Sensor Electronics, Drivers and Software</span></a></li> <li id="nav-menu-item-639" class="menu-col-2 sub-menu-item sub-sub-menu-item menu-item-even menu-item-depth-2 menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-product-category"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/products/spectroscopy-sensors/" class="menu-link sub-menu-link"><span class="menu-item-title">CCD, PDA, CMOS and InGaAs Sensors</span></a></li> <li id="nav-menu-item-637" class="menu-col-2 sub-menu-item sub-sub-menu-item menu-item-even menu-item-depth-2 menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-product-category"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/products/diffraction-gratings/" class="menu-link sub-menu-link"><span class="menu-item-title">Diffraction Gratings</span></a></li> <li id="nav-menu-item-879" class="menu-col-2 sub-menu-item sub-sub-menu-item menu-item-even menu-item-depth-2 menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-product-category"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/products/muxes-and-switches/" class="menu-link sub-menu-link"><span class="menu-item-title">Electronics Multiplexers and Optical Fiber Switchers</span></a></li> <li id="nav-menu-item-878" class="menu-col-2 sub-menu-item sub-sub-menu-item menu-item-even menu-item-depth-2 menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-product-category"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/products/uv-vis-nir-light-sources/" class="menu-link sub-menu-link"><span class="menu-item-title">OEM Light Sources</span></a></li> <li id="nav-menu-item-1780" class="menu-col-2 sub-menu-item sub-sub-menu-item menu-item-even menu-item-depth-2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-products"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/product/optical-fibers-and-cables-assemblies/" class="menu-link sub-menu-link"><span class="menu-item-title">Fiber Optic Cable Assemblies</span></a></li> <li id="nav-menu-item-880" class="menu-col-2 sub-menu-item sub-sub-menu-item menu-item-even menu-item-depth-2 menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-product-category"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/products/probes-other-optical-process-interfaces/" class="menu-link sub-menu-link"><span class="menu-item-title">Probes & Other Optical Process Interfaces</span></a></li> <li id="nav-menu-item-640" class="menu-col-2 sub-menu-item sub-sub-menu-item menu-item-even menu-item-depth-2 menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-product-category"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/products/technology-platforms/" class="menu-link sub-menu-link"><span class="menu-item-title">Technology Platforms</span></a></li> <li id="nav-menu-item-3546" class="menu-col-2 sub-menu-item sub-sub-menu-item menu-item-even menu-item-depth-2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-products"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/product/spectroscopy-software/" class="menu-link sub-menu-link"><span class="menu-item-title">Software</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="nav-menu-item-641" class="menu-col-2 sub-menu-item js-toggleSub --no-hover menu-item-odd menu-item-depth-1 menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-product-category menu-item-has-children"><span class='icon-wrap'><svg class="icon icon-arrow " width="19" height="19" aria-hidden="true" role="img"><use xlink:href="https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/themes/digitalsilk/assets/images/icons.svg#arrow"></use></svg></span><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/products/turnkey-solutions/" class="menu-link sub-menu-link"><span class="menu-item-title">Turnkey Solutions</span></a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="nav-menu-item-1537" class="menu-col-2 sub-menu-item sub-sub-menu-item menu-item-even menu-item-depth-2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-products"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/product/cid1-online-raman-analyzer/" class="menu-link sub-menu-link"><span class="menu-item-title">CID1 Online Raman Analyzer</span></a></li> <li id="nav-menu-item-1549" class="menu-col-2 sub-menu-item sub-sub-menu-item menu-item-even menu-item-depth-2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-products"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/product/cid2-online-raman-analyzer/" class="menu-link sub-menu-link"><span class="menu-item-title">CID2 Online Raman Analyzer</span></a></li> <li id="nav-menu-item-1553" class="menu-col-2 sub-menu-item sub-sub-menu-item menu-item-even menu-item-depth-2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-products"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/product/nir-spectrometer/" class="menu-link sub-menu-link"><span class="menu-item-title">NIR (Near Infrared) Spectrometer and Analyzer</span></a></li> <li id="nav-menu-item-1552" class="menu-col-2 sub-menu-item sub-sub-menu-item menu-item-even menu-item-depth-2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-products"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/product/hazloc-and-ordloc-compact-nir-analyzer/" class="menu-link sub-menu-link"><span class="menu-item-title">HazLoc and OrdLoc Compact NIR Analyzer</span></a></li> <li id="nav-menu-item-1554" class="menu-col-2 sub-menu-item sub-sub-menu-item menu-item-even menu-item-depth-2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-products"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/product/uv-vis-spectrometer/" class="menu-link sub-menu-link"><span class="menu-item-title">UV-Vis Spectrophotometer (Spectrometer)</span></a></li> <li id="nav-menu-item-1551" class="menu-col-2 sub-menu-item sub-sub-menu-item menu-item-even menu-item-depth-2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-products"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/product/distance-measurement-head/" class="menu-link sub-menu-link"><span class="menu-item-title">NIR Distance Measurement Head</span></a></li> <li id="nav-menu-item-1556" class="menu-col-2 sub-menu-item sub-sub-menu-item menu-item-even menu-item-depth-2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-products"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/product/contact-measurement-head/" class="menu-link sub-menu-link"><span class="menu-item-title">Contact Measurement Head</span></a></li> <li id="nav-menu-item-1555" class="menu-col-2 sub-menu-item sub-sub-menu-item menu-item-even menu-item-depth-2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-products"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/product/ultrasonic-levitator/" class="menu-link sub-menu-link"><span class="menu-item-title">Ultrasonic Levitator</span></a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="nav-menu-item-346" class="menu-col-2 main-menu-item --first section-heading js-toggleMainSub menu-item-even menu-item-depth-0 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children"><span class='icon-wrap'> <svg class="icon icon-arrow " width="19" height="19" aria-hidden="true" role="img"><use xlink:href="https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/themes/digitalsilk/assets/images/icons.svg#arrow"></use></svg></span><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/markets-applications/" class="menu-link main-menu-link"><span class="menu-item-title">Markets & Applications</span></a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="nav-menu-item-1987" class="menu-col-3 sub-menu-item menu-item-odd menu-item-depth-1 menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-market-category"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/markets/thin-film-analysis-material-science/" class="menu-link sub-menu-link"><span class="menu-item-title">Thin Film Analysis & Material Science</span></a></li> <li id="nav-menu-item-816" class="menu-col-3 sub-menu-item menu-item-odd menu-item-depth-1 menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-market-category"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/markets/chemistry-petrochemistry-environmental-technologies/" class="menu-link sub-menu-link"><span class="menu-item-title">Chemistry, Petrochemistry, & Environmental Technologies</span></a></li> <li id="nav-menu-item-1986" class="menu-col-3 sub-menu-item menu-item-odd menu-item-depth-1 menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-market-category"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/markets/pharmacology-biotechnology/" class="menu-link sub-menu-link"><span class="menu-item-title">Pharmacology & Biotechnology</span></a></li> <li id="nav-menu-item-818" class="menu-col-3 sub-menu-item menu-item-odd menu-item-depth-1 menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-market-category"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/markets/life-sciences-analytical-medical-technologies/" class="menu-link sub-menu-link"><span class="menu-item-title">Life Sciences, Analytical & Medical Technologies</span></a></li> <li id="nav-menu-item-819" class="menu-col-3 sub-menu-item menu-item-odd menu-item-depth-1 menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-market-category"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/markets/food-feed-beverages/" class="menu-link sub-menu-link"><span class="menu-item-title">Food, Feed & Beverages</span></a></li> <li id="nav-menu-item-820" class="menu-col-3 sub-menu-item menu-item-odd menu-item-depth-1 menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-market-category"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/markets/agriculture/" class="menu-link sub-menu-link"><span class="menu-item-title">Agriculture</span></a></li> <li id="nav-menu-item-821" class="menu-col-3 sub-menu-item menu-item-odd menu-item-depth-1 menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-market-category"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/markets/other-in-process-control/" class="menu-link sub-menu-link"><span class="menu-item-title">Other In-Process Control</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="nav-menu-item-954" class="menu-col-3 main-menu-item --first section-heading js-toggleMainSub menu-item-even menu-item-depth-0 menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children"><span class='icon-wrap'> <svg class="icon icon-arrow " width="19" height="19" aria-hidden="true" role="img"><use xlink:href="https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/themes/digitalsilk/assets/images/icons.svg#arrow"></use></svg></span><a class="menu-link main-menu-link"><span class="menu-item-title">Services</span></a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="nav-menu-item-765" class="menu-col-4 sub-menu-item menu-item-odd menu-item-depth-1 menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-service-category"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/services/training-courses/" class="menu-link sub-menu-link"><span class="menu-item-title">Training Courses</span></a></li> <li id="nav-menu-item-761" class="menu-col-4 sub-menu-item menu-item-odd menu-item-depth-1 menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-service-category"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/services/chemometrics/" class="menu-link sub-menu-link"><span class="menu-item-title">Chemometrics</span></a></li> <li id="nav-menu-item-764" class="menu-col-4 sub-menu-item menu-item-odd menu-item-depth-1 menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-service-category"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/services/software-tutorials/" class="menu-link sub-menu-link"><span class="menu-item-title">Software Tutorials</span></a></li> <li id="nav-menu-item-762" class="menu-col-4 sub-menu-item menu-item-odd menu-item-depth-1 menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-service-category"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/services/installation/" class="menu-link sub-menu-link"><span class="menu-item-title">Installation</span></a></li> <li id="nav-menu-item-763" class="menu-col-4 sub-menu-item menu-item-odd menu-item-depth-1 menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-service-category"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/services/maintenance/" class="menu-link sub-menu-link"><span class="menu-item-title">Maintenance</span></a></li> <li id="nav-menu-item-760" class="menu-col-4 sub-menu-item menu-item-odd menu-item-depth-1 menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-service-category"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/services/after-sales/" class="menu-link sub-menu-link"><span class="menu-item-title">After Sales</span></a></li> <li id="nav-menu-item-2550" class="menu-col-4 sub-menu-item menu-item-odd menu-item-depth-1 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/terms-and-conditions/" class="menu-link sub-menu-link"><span class="menu-item-title">Business T&Cs</span></a></li> <li id="nav-menu-item-2610" class="menu-col-4 sub-menu-item menu-item-odd menu-item-depth-1 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/terms-and-conditions/" class="menu-link sub-menu-link"><span class="menu-item-title">Terms and Conditions</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="nav-menu-item-361" class="menu-col-4 main-menu-item --first section-heading js-toggleMainSub menu-item-even menu-item-depth-0 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children"><span class='icon-wrap'> <svg class="icon icon-arrow " width="19" height="19" aria-hidden="true" role="img"><use xlink:href="https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/themes/digitalsilk/assets/images/icons.svg#arrow"></use></svg></span><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/about/" class="menu-link main-menu-link"><span class="menu-item-title">About</span></a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="nav-menu-item-1900" class="menu-col-5 sub-menu-item menu-item-odd menu-item-depth-1 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/about/tec5usa/" class="menu-link sub-menu-link"><span class="menu-item-title">tec5USA</span></a></li> <li id="nav-menu-item-3856" class="menu-col-5 sub-menu-item menu-item-odd menu-item-depth-1 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/gsa-schedule-award/" class="menu-link sub-menu-link"><span class="menu-item-title">GSA Schedule Award</span></a></li> <li id="nav-menu-item-3754" class="menu-col-5 sub-menu-item menu-item-odd menu-item-depth-1 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/leadership-team/" class="menu-link sub-menu-link"><span class="menu-item-title">Leadership Team</span></a></li> <li id="nav-menu-item-2778" class="menu-col-5 sub-menu-item menu-item-odd menu-item-depth-1 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/careers/" class="menu-link sub-menu-link"><span class="menu-item-title">Careers</span></a></li> <li id="nav-menu-item-363" class="menu-col-5 sub-menu-item menu-item-odd menu-item-depth-1 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/about/quality-management-system/" class="menu-link sub-menu-link"><span class="menu-item-title">Quality Management System</span></a></li> <li id="nav-menu-item-362" class="menu-col-5 sub-menu-item menu-item-odd menu-item-depth-1 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/about/nynomic-group/" class="menu-link sub-menu-link"><span class="menu-item-title">Nynomic Group</span></a></li> <li id="nav-menu-item-3596" class="menu-col-5 sub-menu-item menu-item-odd menu-item-depth-1 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/professional-memberships/" class="menu-link sub-menu-link"><span class="menu-item-title">Professional Memberships</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="nav-menu-item-365" class="menu-col-5 main-menu-item --first section-heading js-toggleMainSub menu-item-even menu-item-depth-0 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children"><span class='icon-wrap'> <svg class="icon icon-arrow " width="19" height="19" aria-hidden="true" role="img"><use xlink:href="https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/themes/digitalsilk/assets/images/icons.svg#arrow"></use></svg></span><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/industry-insights/" class="menu-link main-menu-link" style="cursor: text; pointer-events: none;"><span class="menu-item-title">Industry Insights</span></a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="nav-menu-item-366" class="menu-col-6 sub-menu-item menu-item-odd menu-item-depth-1 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page current_page_parent"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/industry-insights/blog/" class="menu-link sub-menu-link"><span class="menu-item-title">Blog</span></a></li> <li id="nav-menu-item-368" class="menu-col-6 sub-menu-item menu-item-odd menu-item-depth-1 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/industry-insights/testimonials/" class="menu-link sub-menu-link"><span class="menu-item-title">Testimonials</span></a></li> <li id="nav-menu-item-3322" class="menu-col-6 sub-menu-item menu-item-odd menu-item-depth-1 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/esg/" class="menu-link sub-menu-link"><span class="menu-item-title">ESG & Sustainability Plans</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="nav-menu-item-3309" class="menu-col-6 main-menu-item --first section-heading js-toggleMainSub menu-item-even menu-item-depth-0 menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children"><span class='icon-wrap'> <svg class="icon icon-arrow " width="19" height="19" aria-hidden="true" role="img"><use xlink:href="https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/themes/digitalsilk/assets/images/icons.svg#arrow"></use></svg></span><a class="menu-link main-menu-link"><span class="menu-item-title">Distribution</span></a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="nav-menu-item-1410" class="menu-col-7 sub-menu-item menu-item-odd menu-item-depth-1 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/markets-applications/distribution/" class="menu-link sub-menu-link"><span class="menu-item-title">Distribution</span></a></li> <li id="nav-menu-item-3310" class="menu-col-7 sub-menu-item menu-item-odd menu-item-depth-1 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/our-distribution-partners/" class="menu-link sub-menu-link"><span class="menu-item-title">Our Distribution Partners</span></a></li> <li id="nav-menu-item-3545" class="menu-col-7 sub-menu-item menu-item-odd menu-item-depth-1 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/lab-supplies/" class="menu-link sub-menu-link"><span class="menu-item-title">Lab Supplies</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="nav-menu-item-1896" class="menu-col-7 main-menu-item --first section-heading menu-item-even menu-item-depth-0 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/contract-manufacturing/" class="menu-link main-menu-link"><span class="menu-item-title">Contract Manufacturing</span></a></li> <li id="nav-menu-item-369" class="menu-col-8 main-menu-item --first section-heading menu-item-even menu-item-depth-0 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/events/" class="menu-link main-menu-link"><span class="menu-item-title">Events</span></a></li> <li id="nav-menu-item-2649" class="menu-col-9 main-menu-item --first section-heading menu-item-even menu-item-depth-0 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/spectroscopy/" class="menu-link main-menu-link"><span class="menu-item-title">What Is Spectroscopy</span></a></li> <li id="nav-menu-item-373" class="menu-col-10 main-menu-item --first section-heading menu-item-even menu-item-depth-0 --first section-heading menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom"><a href="/get-in-touch/" class="menu-link main-menu-link"><span class="menu-item-title">Get In Touch With Us</span></a></li> </ul> </nav> </div> <nav class="site-header__menu --main col-10"> <ul id="menu-header-menu" class="header-content menu"><li id="menu-item-288" class="--col-2 --first --hoverable menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-288"><a>Products & Solutions</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-625" class="section-heading --col-left menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-product-category menu-item-has-children menu-item-625"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/products/oem-components/">OEM Components</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-630" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-product-category menu-item-630"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/products/oem-spectrometers/">Optical Benches & Spectrometer Modules</a></li> <li id="menu-item-848" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-product-category menu-item-848"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/products/sensor-electronics-drivers-software/">Sensor Electronics, Drivers and Software</a></li> <li id="menu-item-626" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-product-category menu-item-626"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/products/spectroscopy-sensors/">CCD, PDA, CMOS and InGaAs Sensors</a></li> <li id="menu-item-629" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-product-category menu-item-629"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/products/diffraction-gratings/">Diffraction Gratings</a></li> <li id="menu-item-853" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-product-category menu-item-853"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/products/muxes-and-switches/">Electronics Multiplexers and Optical Fiber Switchers</a></li> <li id="menu-item-850" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-product-category menu-item-850"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/products/uv-vis-nir-light-sources/">OEM Light Sources</a></li> <li id="menu-item-1779" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-products menu-item-1779"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/product/optical-fibers-and-cables-assemblies/">Fiber Optic Cable Assemblies</a></li> <li id="menu-item-851" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-product-category menu-item-851"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/products/probes-other-optical-process-interfaces/">Probes & Other Optical Process Interfaces</a></li> <li id="menu-item-627" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-product-category menu-item-627"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/products/technology-platforms/">Technology Platforms</a></li> <li id="menu-item-3531" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-products menu-item-3531"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/product/spectroscopy-software/">Software</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-634" class="section-heading --col-right menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-product-category menu-item-has-children menu-item-634"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/products/turnkey-solutions/">Turnkey Solutions</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-1536" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-products menu-item-1536"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/product/cid1-online-raman-analyzer/">CID1 Online Raman Analyzer</a></li> <li id="menu-item-1557" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-products menu-item-1557"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/product/cid2-online-raman-analyzer/">CID2 Online Raman Analyzer</a></li> <li id="menu-item-1561" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-products menu-item-1561"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/product/nir-spectrometer/">NIR (Near Infrared) Spectrometer and Analyzer</a></li> <li id="menu-item-1562" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-products menu-item-1562"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/product/uv-vis-spectrometer/">UV-Vis Spectrophotometer (Spectrometer)</a></li> <li id="menu-item-1560" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-products menu-item-1560"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/product/hazloc-and-ordloc-compact-nir-analyzer/">HazLoc and OrdLoc Compact NIR Analyzer</a></li> <li id="menu-item-1559" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-products menu-item-1559"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/product/distance-measurement-head/">NIR Distance Measurement Head</a></li> <li id="menu-item-1558" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-products menu-item-1558"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/product/contact-measurement-head/">Contact Measurement Head</a></li> <li id="menu-item-1563" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-products menu-item-1563"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/product/ultrasonic-levitator/">Ultrasonic Levitator</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-290" class="--first --hoverable menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-290"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/markets-applications/">Markets & Applications</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-952" class="section-heading menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-952"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/markets-applications/">Markets & Applications</a></li> <li id="menu-item-1989" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-market-category menu-item-1989"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/markets/thin-film-analysis-material-science/">Thin Film Analysis & Material Science</a></li> <li id="menu-item-823" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-market-category menu-item-823"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/markets/chemistry-petrochemistry-environmental-technologies/">Chemistry, Petrochemistry, & Environmental Technologies</a></li> <li id="menu-item-1988" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-market-category menu-item-1988"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/markets/pharmacology-biotechnology/">Pharmacology & Biotechnology</a></li> <li id="menu-item-825" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-market-category menu-item-825"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/markets/life-sciences-analytical-medical-technologies/">Life Sciences, Analytical and Medical Technologies</a></li> <li id="menu-item-826" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-market-category menu-item-826"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/markets/food-feed-beverages/">Food, Feed & Beverages</a></li> <li id="menu-item-827" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-market-category menu-item-827"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/markets/agriculture/">Agriculture</a></li> <li id="menu-item-828" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-market-category menu-item-828"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/markets/other-in-process-control/">Other In-Process Control</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-3306" class="--first --hoverable --thin menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-3306"><a>Distribution</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-3307" class="section-heading menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-3307"><a>Distribution</a></li> <li id="menu-item-1411" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1411"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/markets-applications/distribution/">Distribution Of Photonics Related Devices</a></li> <li id="menu-item-3308" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3308"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/our-distribution-partners/">Our Distribution Partners</a></li> <li id="menu-item-3544" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3544"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/lab-supplies/">Lab Supplies</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-1412" class="--first menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1412"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/contract-manufacturing/">Contract Manufacturing</a></li> <li id="menu-item-953" class="--first --hoverable --thin menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-953"><a>Services</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-324" class="section-heading menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-324"><a>Services</a></li> <li id="menu-item-829" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-service-category menu-item-829"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/services/training-courses/">Training Courses</a></li> <li id="menu-item-831" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-service-category menu-item-831"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/services/chemometrics/">Chemometrics</a></li> <li id="menu-item-834" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-service-category menu-item-834"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/services/software-tutorials/">Software Tutorials</a></li> <li id="menu-item-832" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-service-category menu-item-832"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/services/installation/">Installation</a></li> <li id="menu-item-833" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-service-category menu-item-833"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/services/maintenance/">Maintenance</a></li> <li id="menu-item-830" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-service-category menu-item-830"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/services/after-sales/">After Sales</a></li> <li id="menu-item-2549" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2549"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/terms-and-conditions/">Business T&Cs</a></li> <li id="menu-item-2611" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2611"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/terms-and-conditions/">Terms and Conditions</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-2777" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2777"><a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/careers/">Careers</a></li> </ul> <div class="site-search"> <button class="js-searchToggle site-search__toggle" role="button" aria-expanded="false" > <span aria-hidden="true" class="sr-only">Open Search</span> <svg class="icon icon-search site-search__icon" width="19" height="19" aria-hidden="true" role="img"><use xlink:href="https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/themes/digitalsilk/assets/images/icons.svg#search"></use></svg> </button> <form action="https://www.tec5usa.com/search" method="GET" class="search-form">  <input type="search" name="search" class="js-searchInput search-field" placeholder="What are you looking for?" pattern=".*\S.*"> <button class="search-submit js-searchBtn" type="submit"> <span>Search</span> </button> </form> </div> <div class="header-menu__contact --desktop" > <a href="https://tec5usa.com/get-in-touch/" class="site-header__cta" aria-lable="go to contact us page"> <svg class="icon icon-mail " width="19" height="19" aria-hidden="true" role="img"><use xlink:href="https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/themes/digitalsilk/assets/images/icons.svg#mail"></use></svg> <span class="hide-l">Get in Touch</span> </a> </div> </nav> </div> </header> <section class="hero --small"> <div class="hero__media --overlay"> <div class="hero__img lazy" data-bg="https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/SciTechDaily-Picture-1-670x375.jpg"> </div> </div> <div class="hero__container"> <div class="hero__featured"> <nav class="breadcrumbs"> <a class="breadcrumbs__item" href='https://www.tec5usa.com'>Home</a> <span> / </span> <a href='https://www.tec5usa.com/industry-insights/blog/' class="breadcrumbs__link">Blog</a> <span> / </span> <a href='https://www.tec5usa.com/category/articles/' class="breadcrumbs__link">Articles</a> <span> / </span> <span class="breadcrumbs__link --active">Decoding Life’s Origins with Lost Biochemical Clues</span> </nav> <figure class="image-wrap"> <img width="670" height="375" src="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%20670%20375'%3E%3C/svg%3E" class="image wp-post-image" alt="two planets connected" decoding="async" fetchpriority="high" data-lazy-srcset="https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/SciTechDaily-Picture-1-670x375.jpg 670w, https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/SciTechDaily-Picture-1-300x168.jpg 300w, https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/SciTechDaily-Picture-1-768x430.jpg 768w, https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/SciTechDaily-Picture-1-250x140.jpg 250w, https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/SciTechDaily-Picture-1-150x84.jpg 150w, https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/SciTechDaily-Picture-1-580x325.jpg 580w, https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/SciTechDaily-Picture-1-246x138.jpg 246w, https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/SciTechDaily-Picture-1-440x246.jpg 440w, https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/SciTechDaily-Picture-1-179x100.jpg 179w, https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/SciTechDaily-Picture-1.jpg 964w" data-lazy-sizes="(max-width: 670px) 100vw, 670px" data-lazy-src="https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/SciTechDaily-Picture-1-670x375.jpg" /><noscript><img width="670" height="375" src="https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/SciTechDaily-Picture-1-670x375.jpg" class="image wp-post-image" alt="two planets connected" decoding="async" fetchpriority="high" srcset="https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/SciTechDaily-Picture-1-670x375.jpg 670w, https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/SciTechDaily-Picture-1-300x168.jpg 300w, https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/SciTechDaily-Picture-1-768x430.jpg 768w, https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/SciTechDaily-Picture-1-250x140.jpg 250w, https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/SciTechDaily-Picture-1-150x84.jpg 150w, https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/SciTechDaily-Picture-1-580x325.jpg 580w, https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/SciTechDaily-Picture-1-246x138.jpg 246w, https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/SciTechDaily-Picture-1-440x246.jpg 440w, https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/SciTechDaily-Picture-1-179x100.jpg 179w, https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/SciTechDaily-Picture-1.jpg 964w" sizes="(max-width: 670px) 100vw, 670px" /></noscript> </figure> </div> <div class="heading-wrap"> <p class="sup-heading text-white">Articles</p> <h1 class="text-white">Decoding Life’s Origins with Lost Biochemical Clues</h1> </div> </div> </section> <div class="container"> <div class="single-post__wrap"> <aside class="sidebar">  <div class='author'> <span class='text-small'>05.30.24 </span> <span class=""><img alt='' src="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%2096%2096'%3E%3C/svg%3E" data-lazy-srcset='https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/20d5675875afdd2a74fd4b4de73f38e0?s=192&d=mm&r=g 2x' class='avatar avatar-96 photo' height='96' width='96' decoding='async' data-lazy-src="https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/20d5675875afdd2a74fd4b4de73f38e0?s=96&d=mm&r=g"/><noscript><img alt='' src='https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/20d5675875afdd2a74fd4b4de73f38e0?s=96&d=mm&r=g' srcset='https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/20d5675875afdd2a74fd4b4de73f38e0?s=192&d=mm&r=g 2x' class='avatar avatar-96 photo' height='96' width='96' decoding='async'/></noscript></span> <span class='text-small'> </span> </div> <div class="social-widget-sticky">  <div class="mode-wrap"> <span class="nfo">Dark Mode</span> <button type="button" class="btn-toggle js-dark-mode" data-toggle="button" aria-pressed="false" autocomplete="off"> <div class="mob-icons"> <div class="handle"></div> </div> </button> </div>  <div class="addtoany_shortcode"><div class="a2a_kit a2a_kit_size_60 addtoany_list" data-a2a-url="https://www.tec5usa.com/decoding-life-s-origins-with-lost-biochemical-clues/" data-a2a-title="Decoding Life’s Origins with Lost Biochemical Clues"><a class="a2a_button_facebook" href="https://www.addtoany.com/add_to/facebook?linkurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tec5usa.com%2Fdecoding-life-s-origins-with-lost-biochemical-clues%2F&linkname=Decoding%20Life%E2%80%99s%20Origins%20with%20Lost%20Biochemical%20Clues" title="Facebook" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank"></a><a class="a2a_button_linkedin" href="https://www.addtoany.com/add_to/linkedin?linkurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tec5usa.com%2Fdecoding-life-s-origins-with-lost-biochemical-clues%2F&linkname=Decoding%20Life%E2%80%99s%20Origins%20with%20Lost%20Biochemical%20Clues" title="LinkedIn" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank"></a><a class="a2a_button_twitter" href="https://www.addtoany.com/add_to/twitter?linkurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tec5usa.com%2Fdecoding-life-s-origins-with-lost-biochemical-clues%2F&linkname=Decoding%20Life%E2%80%99s%20Origins%20with%20Lost%20Biochemical%20Clues" title="Twitter" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank"></a><a class="a2a_button_pinterest" href="https://www.addtoany.com/add_to/pinterest?linkurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tec5usa.com%2Fdecoding-life-s-origins-with-lost-biochemical-clues%2F&linkname=Decoding%20Life%E2%80%99s%20Origins%20with%20Lost%20Biochemical%20Clues" title="Pinterest" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank"></a><a class="a2a_button_email" href="https://www.addtoany.com/add_to/email?linkurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tec5usa.com%2Fdecoding-life-s-origins-with-lost-biochemical-clues%2F&linkname=Decoding%20Life%E2%80%99s%20Origins%20with%20Lost%20Biochemical%20Clues" title="Email" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank"></a></div></div> </div> </aside> <div class="single-post__content-wrap"> <article id="post-3835" class="single-post__content post-3835 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-articles" > <figure id="attachment_3836" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-3836" style="width: 964px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><img decoding="async" class="wp-image-3836 size-full" src="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%20964%20540'%3E%3C/svg%3E" alt="two planets connected" width="964" height="540" data-lazy-srcset="https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/SciTechDaily-Picture-1.jpg 964w, https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/SciTechDaily-Picture-1-300x168.jpg 300w, https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/SciTechDaily-Picture-1-768x430.jpg 768w, https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/SciTechDaily-Picture-1-250x140.jpg 250w, https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/SciTechDaily-Picture-1-150x84.jpg 150w, https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/SciTechDaily-Picture-1-580x325.jpg 580w, https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/SciTechDaily-Picture-1-670x375.jpg 670w, https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/SciTechDaily-Picture-1-246x138.jpg 246w, https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/SciTechDaily-Picture-1-440x246.jpg 440w, https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/SciTechDaily-Picture-1-179x100.jpg 179w" data-lazy-sizes="(max-width: 964px) 100vw, 964px" data-lazy-src="https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/SciTechDaily-Picture-1.jpg" /><noscript><img decoding="async" class="wp-image-3836 size-full" src="https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/SciTechDaily-Picture-1.jpg" alt="two planets connected" width="964" height="540" srcset="https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/SciTechDaily-Picture-1.jpg 964w, https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/SciTechDaily-Picture-1-300x168.jpg 300w, https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/SciTechDaily-Picture-1-768x430.jpg 768w, https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/SciTechDaily-Picture-1-250x140.jpg 250w, https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/SciTechDaily-Picture-1-150x84.jpg 150w, https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/SciTechDaily-Picture-1-580x325.jpg 580w, https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/SciTechDaily-Picture-1-670x375.jpg 670w, https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/SciTechDaily-Picture-1-246x138.jpg 246w, https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/SciTechDaily-Picture-1-440x246.jpg 440w, https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/SciTechDaily-Picture-1-179x100.jpg 179w" sizes="(max-width: 964px) 100vw, 964px" /></noscript><figcaption id="caption-attachment-3836" class="wp-caption-text">Metabolism is the “beating heart of the cell”. New research from ELSI retraces the history of metabolism from the primordial Earth to the modern day (left to right). The history of compound discovery over time (white line) is cyclic, almost resembling an EKG. Credit: NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center/Francis Reddy/NASA/ESA</figcaption></figure> <p> </p> <p><strong>A new study demonstrates that just a handful of “forgotten” biochemical reactions are needed to transform simple geochemical compounds into the complex molecules of life.</strong></p> <p>The origin of life on Earth has long been a mystery that has eluded scientists. A key question is how much of the history of life on Earth is lost to time. It is quite common for a single species to “phase out” using a biochemical reaction, and if this happens across enough species, such reactions could effectively be “forgotten” by life on Earth. But if the history of biochemistry is rife with forgotten reactions, would there be any way to tell?</p> <p>This question inspired researchers from the Earth-Life Science Institute (ELSI) at the Tokyo Institute of Technology, and the California Institute of Technology (CalTech) in the USA. They reasoned that forgotten chemistry would appear as discontinuities or “breaks” in the path that chemistry takes from simple geochemical molecules to complex biological molecules.</p> <h2>Evolution of Early Earth’s Biochemistry</h2> <p>The early Earth was rich in simple compounds such as hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, and carbon dioxide – molecules not usually associated with sustaining life. But, billions of years ago, early life relied on these simple molecules as a raw material source. As life evolved, biochemical processes gradually transformed these precursors into compounds still found today. These processes represent the earliest metabolic pathways.</p> <figure id="attachment_3837" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-3837" style="width: 992px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><img decoding="async" class="wp-image-3837 size-full" src="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%20992%20362'%3E%3C/svg%3E" alt="model A vs model B" width="992" height="362" data-lazy-srcset="https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/SciTechDaily-A-B-graphic.jpg 992w, https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/SciTechDaily-A-B-graphic-300x109.jpg 300w, https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/SciTechDaily-A-B-graphic-768x280.jpg 768w, https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/SciTechDaily-A-B-graphic-250x91.jpg 250w, https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/SciTechDaily-A-B-graphic-150x55.jpg 150w, https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/SciTechDaily-A-B-graphic-580x212.jpg 580w, https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/SciTechDaily-A-B-graphic-670x244.jpg 670w, https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/SciTechDaily-A-B-graphic-246x90.jpg 246w, https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/SciTechDaily-A-B-graphic-440x161.jpg 440w, https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/SciTechDaily-A-B-graphic-200x73.jpg 200w" data-lazy-sizes="(max-width: 992px) 100vw, 992px" data-lazy-src="https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/SciTechDaily-A-B-graphic.jpg" /><noscript><img decoding="async" class="wp-image-3837 size-full" src="https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/SciTechDaily-A-B-graphic.jpg" alt="model A vs model B" width="992" height="362" srcset="https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/SciTechDaily-A-B-graphic.jpg 992w, https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/SciTechDaily-A-B-graphic-300x109.jpg 300w, https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/SciTechDaily-A-B-graphic-768x280.jpg 768w, https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/SciTechDaily-A-B-graphic-250x91.jpg 250w, https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/SciTechDaily-A-B-graphic-150x55.jpg 150w, https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/SciTechDaily-A-B-graphic-580x212.jpg 580w, https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/SciTechDaily-A-B-graphic-670x244.jpg 670w, https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/SciTechDaily-A-B-graphic-246x90.jpg 246w, https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/SciTechDaily-A-B-graphic-440x161.jpg 440w, https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/SciTechDaily-A-B-graphic-200x73.jpg 200w" sizes="(max-width: 992px) 100vw, 992px" /></noscript><figcaption id="caption-attachment-3837" class="wp-caption-text">To construct a model of the evolutionary history of metabolism at the biosphere scale, the research team compiled a database of 12,262 biochemical reactions from the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database. Credit: Goldford, J.E., Nat Ecol Evol (2024)</figcaption></figure> <h2></h2> <h2>Research Methodology on Biochemical Evolution</h2> <p>In order to model the history of biochemistry, ELSI researchers – Specially Appointed Associate Professor Harrison B. Smith, Specially Appointed Associate Professor Liam M. Longo and Associate Professor Shawn Erin McGlynn, in collaboration with Research Scientist Joshua Goldford from CalTech – needed an inventory of all known biochemical reactions, to understand what types of chemistry life is able to perform.</p> <p>They turned to the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes database, which has cataloged more than 12,000 biochemical reactions. With reactions in hand, they began to model the stepwise development of metabolism.</p> <h2>Challenges in Modeling Metabolic Evolution</h2> <p>Previous attempts to model the evolution of metabolism in this way had consistently failed to produce the most widespread, complex molecules used by contemporary life. However, the reason was not entirely clear. Just as before, when the researchers ran their model, they found that only a few compounds could be produced.</p> <p>One way to circumvent this problem is to nudge the stalled chemistry by manually providing modern compounds. The researchers opted for a different approach: They wanted to determine how many reactions were missing. And their hunt led them back to one of the most important molecules in all of biochemistry: adenosine triphosphate (ATP).</p> <h2>The ATP Bottleneck and Its Resolution</h2> <p>ATP is the cell’s energy currency because it can be used to drive reactions – like building proteins – that would otherwise not occur in water. ATP, however, has a unique property: The reactions that form ATP themselves require ATP. In other words, unless ATP is already present, there is no other way for today’s life to make ATP. This cyclic dependency was the reason why the model was stopping.</p> <p>How could this “ATP bottleneck” be resolved? As it turns out, the reactive portion of ATP is remarkably similar to the inorganic compound polyphosphate. By allowing ATP-generating reactions to use polyphosphate instead of ATP – by modifying just eight reactions in total – nearly all of contemporary core metabolism could be achieved. The</p> <p>researchers could then estimate the relative ages of all common metabolites and ask pointed questions about the history of metabolic pathways.</p> <h2>Metabolic Pathways: Linear vs. Mosaic</h2> <p>One such question is whether biological pathways were built up in a linear fashion – in which one reaction after another is added in a sequential fashion – or if the reactions of pathways emerged as a mosaic, in which reactions of vastly different ages are joined together to form something new. The researchers were able to quantify this, finding that both types of pathways are nearly equally common across all of metabolism.</p> <h2>Conclusion and Implications</h2> <p>But returning to the question that inspired the study – how much biochemistry is lost to time? “We might never know exactly, but our research yielded an important piece of evidence: only eight new reactions, all reminiscent of common biochemical reactions, are needed to bridge geochemistry and biochemistry,” says Smith.</p> <p>“This does not prove that the space of missing biochemistry is small, but it does show that even reactions that have gone extinct can be rediscovered from clues left behind in modern biochemistry,” concludes Smith.</p> <p>Reference: “Primitive purine biosynthesis connects ancient geochemistry to modern metabolism” by Joshua E. Goldford, Harrison B. Smith, Liam M. Longo, Boswell A. Wing and Shawn Erin McGlynn, 22 March 2024, Nature Ecology & Evolution.</p> <p>By TOKYO INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY MAY 28, 202</p>  <div class="single-post__tags"> <p class='text-blue text-bold'>Categories (tags):</p><div class='single-post__tags-wrap'> <a href='https://www.tec5usa.com/category/articles/' class='single-post__tag'>Articles</a> </div> </div> </article> </div> </div> </div> <section class="blog"> <h2 class="section-title text-center">Other (Articles) Articles</h2> <div class="blog__articles container wrapp" style="display: flex;"> <a href='https://www.tec5usa.com/revealing-the-invisible-living-cells-can-be-seen-with-infrared-light/' class='box --vertical f-col-4'> <div class="box__head"> <figure class='image-wrap'> <img data-src='https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/Infrared-Light-Blog-Picture-1-470x350.jpg' width='622' height='249' alt='Revealing the Invisible: Living Cells Can Be Seen With Infrared Lightfeatured image' class='lazy image'> </figure> </div> <div class="box__body"> <p class="box__body-top"> <span class="text-transparent text-text-smaller text-bold">Articles</span> <span class="text-small text-blue">September 20, 2024</span> </p> <h3 class="text-big primary-font">Revealing the Invisible: Living Cells Can Be Seen With ...</h3> </div> <div class='box__footer'> <span class='btn-primary --small'> <span class='icon-wrap'> <svg class="icon icon-plus " width="19" height="19" aria-hidden="true" role="img"><use xlink:href="https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/themes/digitalsilk/assets/images/icons.svg#plus"></use></svg> </span> <span class='btn-text'> Read Full Insight </span> </span> </div> </a> <a href='https://www.tec5usa.com/revolutionary-catalyst-uses-sunlight-to-turn-greenhouse-gases-into-valuable-chemicals/' class='box --vertical f-col-4'> <div class="box__head"> <figure class='image-wrap'> <img data-src='https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/Catalyst-Article-Photo-523x350.jpg' width='622' height='249' alt='Revolutionary Catalyst Uses Sunlight To Turn Greenhouse Gases Into Valuable Chemicalsfeatured image' class='lazy image'> </figure> </div> <div class="box__body"> <p class="box__body-top"> <span class="text-transparent text-text-smaller text-bold">Articles</span> <span class="text-small text-blue">September 19, 2024</span> </p> <h3 class="text-big primary-font">Revolutionary Catalyst Uses Sunlight To Turn Greenhouse ...</h3> </div> <div class='box__footer'> <span class='btn-primary --small'> <span class='icon-wrap'> <svg class="icon icon-plus " width="19" height="19" aria-hidden="true" role="img"><use xlink:href="https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/themes/digitalsilk/assets/images/icons.svg#plus"></use></svg> </span> <span class='btn-text'> Read Full Insight </span> </span> </div> </a> <a href='https://www.tec5usa.com/electronic-spider-silk-sensors-revolutionizing-bioelectronics-with-eco-friendly-technology/' class='box --vertical f-col-4'> <div class="box__head"> <figure class='image-wrap'> <img data-src='https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Sensors-Made-From-Electronic-Spider-Silk-1536x866-1-580x327.jpeg' width='622' height='249' alt='“Electronic Spider Silk” Sensors: Revolutionizing Bioelectronics With Eco-Friendly Technologyfeatured image' class='lazy image'> </figure> </div> <div class="box__body"> <p class="box__body-top"> <span class="text-transparent text-text-smaller text-bold">News</span> <span class="text-small text-blue">May 30, 2024</span> </p> <h3 class="text-big primary-font">“Electronic Spider Silk” Sensors: Revolutionizing B ...</h3> </div> <div class='box__footer'> <span class='btn-primary --small'> <span class='icon-wrap'> <svg class="icon icon-plus " width="19" height="19" aria-hidden="true" role="img"><use xlink:href="https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/themes/digitalsilk/assets/images/icons.svg#plus"></use></svg> </span> <span class='btn-text'> Read Full Insight </span> </span> </div> </a> </div> </section> <footer class="footer --small" > <div class="footer__background lazy" data-bg="https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/themes/digitalsilk/assets/images/footer-image.jpg"></div> <div class="footer-top"> <div class="container"> <div class="footer__subscribe"> <div class="footer__subscribe-title"> <span class="separator --top"></span> <p class="text-big text-white text-bold">Subscribe to receive free email updates</p> </div> <div class="wpcf7 no-js" id="wpcf7-f5-o1" lang="en-US" dir="ltr" data-wpcf7-id="5"> <div class="screen-reader-response"><p role="status" aria-live="polite" aria-atomic="true"></p> <ul></ul></div> <form action="/decoding-life-s-origins-with-lost-biochemical-clues/#wpcf7-f5-o1" method="post" class="wpcf7-form init" aria-label="Contact form" novalidate="novalidate" data-status="init"> <div style="display: none;"> <input type="hidden" name="_wpcf7" value="5" /> <input type="hidden" name="_wpcf7_version" value="6.0" /> <input type="hidden" name="_wpcf7_locale" value="en_US" /> <input type="hidden" name="_wpcf7_unit_tag" value="wpcf7-f5-o1" /> <input type="hidden" name="_wpcf7_container_post" value="0" /> <input type="hidden" name="_wpcf7_posted_data_hash" value="" /> <input type="hidden" name="_wpcf7dtx_version" value="5.0.0" /> <input type="hidden" name="_wpcf7_recaptcha_response" value="" /> </div> <div class="input-field"> <p><span class="wpcf7-form-control-wrap" data-name="your-email"><input size="40" maxlength="400" class="wpcf7-form-control wpcf7-email wpcf7-validates-as-required wpcf7-text wpcf7-validates-as-email" aria-required="true" aria-invalid="false" placeholder="Enter your e-mail here" value="" type="email" name="your-email" /></span> </p> </div> <div class="submit-field"> <p><button type='submit' id='submit' class='wpcf7-form-control wpcf7-submit btn-primary'><span class="icon-wrap"><svg class="icon icon-arrow-hollow-right " width="19" height="19" aria-hidden="true" role="img"><use xlink:href="/wp-content/themes/digitalsilk/assets/images/icons.svg#arrow-hollow-right"></use></svg></span></button> </p> </div><p style="display: none !important;" class="akismet-fields-container" data-prefix="_wpcf7_ak_"><label>Δ<textarea name="_wpcf7_ak_hp_textarea" cols="45" rows="8" maxlength="100"></textarea></label><input type="hidden" id="ak_js_1" name="_wpcf7_ak_js" value="189"/><script type="rocketlazyloadscript">document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() );</script></p><div class="ds-lead-fields"> <input name="source" value="" type="hidden"> <input name="utm_campaign" value="" type="hidden"> <input name="utm_source" value="" type="hidden"> <input name="utm_medium" value="" type="hidden"> <input name="utm_term" value="" type="hidden"> </div><div class="ds-refer-fields"> <input name="page" value="https://www.tec5usa.com/decoding-life-s-origins-with-lost-biochemical-clues/" type="hidden" /> <input name="referrer" value="" type="hidden"> </div><div class="wpcf7-response-output" aria-hidden="true"></div> </form> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="footer-bottom"> <div class="container"> <div class="copyright"> <div class="footer-bottom__links"> <a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/privacy-policy/">Privacy Policy</a> <a href="https://www.tec5usa.com/terms-of-use/">Terms of Use</a> </div> © 2024 tec5USA. All rights reserved </div> <div class="socials"> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/tec5USA/" class="btn-primary" target="_blank"> <span class="icon-wrap"> <img data-src="https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/fb.svg" class="lazy icon" width="25" height="25" alt="Social Media Icon"> </span> </a> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/tec5usa/" class="btn-primary" target="_blank"> <span class="icon-wrap"> <img data-src="https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/linkedin.svg" class="lazy icon" width="25" height="25" alt="Social Media Icon"> </span> </a> <a href="https://twitter.com/tec5usa" class="btn-primary" target="_blank"> <span class="icon-wrap"> <img data-src="https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/twetter.svg" class="lazy icon" width="25" height="25" alt="Social Media Icon"> </span> </a> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCmQ2yYnxHZ1PJS1IgmQfTvw" class="btn-primary" target="_blank"> <span class="icon-wrap"> <img data-src="https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/you-tube.svg" class="lazy icon" width="25" height="25" alt="Social Media Icon"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="creator"> <p>Web Design by <b><a href="https://www.digitalsilk.com/" target="_blank">Digital Silk</a></b></p> </div> </div> </div> </footer>  <aside id="moove_gdpr_cookie_info_bar" class="moove-gdpr-info-bar-hidden moove-gdpr-align-center moove-gdpr-dark-scheme gdpr_infobar_postion_bottom gdpr-full-screen-infobar" aria-label="GDPR Cookie Banner" style="display: none;"> <div class="moove-gdpr-info-bar-container"> <div class="moove-gdpr-info-bar-content"> <div class="moove-gdpr-cookie-notice"> <p style="text-align: center;"><img style="max-width: 150px;" src="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%200%200'%3E%3C/svg%3E" alt="Tec5 logo" data-lazy-src="https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/Tech5-USA-logo.svg" /><noscript><img style="max-width: 150px;" src="https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/Tech5-USA-logo.svg" alt="Tec5 logo" /></noscript></p> <h3 style="text-align: center;">Privacy and Cookies Policy</h3> <p style="text-align: center;">We are using cookies to give you the best experience on our website.</p> <p style="text-align: center;">You can find out more about which cookies we are using or switch them off in <button data-href="#moove_gdpr_cookie_modal" class="change-settings-button">settings</button>.</p> </div>  <div class="moove-gdpr-button-holder"> <button class="mgbutton moove-gdpr-infobar-allow-all gdpr-fbo-0" aria-label="Accept" >Accept</button> <button class="mgbutton moove-gdpr-infobar-settings-btn change-settings-button gdpr-fbo-2" data-href="#moove_gdpr_cookie_modal" aria-label="Settings">Settings</button> </div>  </div>  </div>  </aside>   <script type="rocketlazyloadscript" data-rocket-type="text/javascript" defer src="https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/plugins/ds-contact-form-cfdb7/js/dscf7db.min.js?ver=1.5.0" id="dscf7db-js"></script> <script type="rocketlazyloadscript" data-rocket-type="text/javascript" defer src="https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-includes/js/dist/hooks.min.js?ver=2810c76e705dd1a53b18" id="wp-hooks-js"></script> <script type="rocketlazyloadscript" data-rocket-type="text/javascript" defer src="https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-includes/js/dist/i18n.min.js?ver=5e580eb46a90c2b997e6" id="wp-i18n-js"></script> <script type="rocketlazyloadscript" data-rocket-type="text/javascript" id="wp-i18n-js-after"> /* <![CDATA[ */ wp.i18n.setLocaleData( { 'text direction\u0004ltr': [ 'ltr' ] } ); /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="rocketlazyloadscript" data-minify="1" data-rocket-type="text/javascript" defer src="https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/cache/min/1/wp-content/plugins/contact-form-7/includes/swv/js/index.js?ver=1726670559" id="swv-js"></script> <script type="rocketlazyloadscript" data-rocket-type="text/javascript" id="contact-form-7-js-before"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var wpcf7 = { "api": { "root": "https:\/\/www.tec5usa.com\/wp-json\/", "namespace": "contact-form-7\/v1" }, "cached": 1 }; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="rocketlazyloadscript" data-minify="1" data-rocket-type="text/javascript" defer src="https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/cache/min/1/wp-content/plugins/contact-form-7/includes/js/index.js?ver=1726670559" id="contact-form-7-js"></script> <script type="rocketlazyloadscript" data-minify="1" data-rocket-type="text/javascript" defer src="https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/cache/min/1/wp-content/plugins/duracelltomi-google-tag-manager/dist/js/gtm4wp-contact-form-7-tracker.js?ver=1726670559" id="gtm4wp-contact-form-7-tracker-js"></script> <script type="rocketlazyloadscript" data-rocket-type="text/javascript" id="rocket-browser-checker-js-after"> /* <![CDATA[ */ "use strict";var _createClass=function(){function defineProperties(target,props){for(var i=0;i<props.length;i++){var descriptor=props[i];descriptor.enumerable=descriptor.enumerable||!1,descriptor.configurable=!0,"value"in descriptor&&(descriptor.writable=!0),Object.defineProperty(target,descriptor.key,descriptor)}}return function(Constructor,protoProps,staticProps){return protoProps&&defineProperties(Constructor.prototype,protoProps),staticProps&&defineProperties(Constructor,staticProps),Constructor}}();function _classCallCheck(instance,Constructor){if(!(instance instanceof Constructor))throw new TypeError("Cannot call a class as a function")}var RocketBrowserCompatibilityChecker=function(){function RocketBrowserCompatibilityChecker(options){_classCallCheck(this,RocketBrowserCompatibilityChecker),this.passiveSupported=!1,this._checkPassiveOption(this),this.options=!!this.passiveSupported&&options}return _createClass(RocketBrowserCompatibilityChecker,[{key:"_checkPassiveOption",value:function(self){try{var options={get passive(){return!(self.passiveSupported=!0)}};window.addEventListener("test",null,options),window.removeEventListener("test",null,options)}catch(err){self.passiveSupported=!1}}},{key:"initRequestIdleCallback",value:function(){!1 in window&&(window.requestIdleCallback=function(cb){var start=Date.now();return setTimeout(function(){cb({didTimeout:!1,timeRemaining:function(){return Math.max(0,50-(Date.now()-start))}})},1)}),!1 in window&&(window.cancelIdleCallback=function(id){return clearTimeout(id)})}},{key:"isDataSaverModeOn",value:function(){return"connection"in navigator&&!0===navigator.connection.saveData}},{key:"supportsLinkPrefetch",value:function(){var elem=document.createElement("link");return elem.relList&&elem.relList.supports&&elem.relList.supports("prefetch")&&window.IntersectionObserver&&"isIntersecting"in IntersectionObserverEntry.prototype}},{key:"isSlowConnection",value:function(){return"connection"in navigator&&"effectiveType"in navigator.connection&&("2g"===navigator.connection.effectiveType||"slow-2g"===navigator.connection.effectiveType)}}]),RocketBrowserCompatibilityChecker}(); /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" id="rocket-preload-links-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var RocketPreloadLinksConfig = {"excludeUris":"\/(.+\/)?feed\/?.+\/?|\/(?:.+\/)?embed\/|\/(index\\.php\/)?wp\\-json(\/.*|$)|\/wp-admin\/|\/logout\/|\/wp-login.php","usesTrailingSlash":"1","imageExt":"jpg|jpeg|gif|png|tiff|bmp|webp|avif","fileExt":"jpg|jpeg|gif|png|tiff|bmp|webp|avif|php|pdf|html|htm","siteUrl":"https:\/\/www.tec5usa.com","onHoverDelay":"100","rateThrottle":"3"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="rocketlazyloadscript" data-rocket-type="text/javascript" id="rocket-preload-links-js-after"> /* <![CDATA[ */ (function() { "use strict";var r="function"==typeof Symbol&&"symbol"==typeof Symbol.iterator?function(e){return typeof e}:function(e){return e&&"function"==typeof Symbol&&e.constructor===Symbol&&e!==Symbol.prototype?"symbol":typeof e},e=function(){function i(e,t){for(var n=0;n<t.length;n++){var i=t[n];i.enumerable=i.enumerable||!1,i.configurable=!0,"value"in i&&(i.writable=!0),Object.defineProperty(e,i.key,i)}}return function(e,t,n){return t&&i(e.prototype,t),n&&i(e,n),e}}();function i(e,t){if(!(e instanceof t))throw new TypeError("Cannot call a class as a function")}var t=function(){function n(e,t){i(this,n),this.browser=e,this.config=t,this.options=this.browser.options,this.prefetched=new Set,this.eventTime=null,this.threshold=1111,this.numOnHover=0}return e(n,[{key:"init",value:function(){!this.browser.supportsLinkPrefetch()||this.browser.isDataSaverModeOn()||this.browser.isSlowConnection()||(this.regex={excludeUris:RegExp(this.config.excludeUris,"i"),images:RegExp(".("+this.config.imageExt+")$","i"),fileExt:RegExp(".("+this.config.fileExt+")$","i")},this._initListeners(this))}},{key:"_initListeners",value:function(e){-1<this.config.onHoverDelay&&document.addEventListener("mouseover",e.listener.bind(e),e.listenerOptions),document.addEventListener("mousedown",e.listener.bind(e),e.listenerOptions),document.addEventListener("touchstart",e.listener.bind(e),e.listenerOptions)}},{key:"listener",value:function(e){var t=e.target.closest("a"),n=this._prepareUrl(t);if(null!==n)switch(e.type){case"mousedown":case"touchstart":this._addPrefetchLink(n);break;case"mouseover":this._earlyPrefetch(t,n,"mouseout")}}},{key:"_earlyPrefetch",value:function(t,e,n){var i=this,r=setTimeout(function(){if(r=null,0===i.numOnHover)setTimeout(function(){return i.numOnHover=0},1e3);else if(i.numOnHover>i.config.rateThrottle)return;i.numOnHover++,i._addPrefetchLink(e)},this.config.onHoverDelay);t.addEventListener(n,function e(){t.removeEventListener(n,e,{passive:!0}),null!==r&&(clearTimeout(r),r=null)},{passive:!0})}},{key:"_addPrefetchLink",value:function(i){return this.prefetched.add(i.href),new Promise(function(e,t){var n=document.createElement("link");n.rel="prefetch",n.href=i.href,n.onload=e,n.onerror=t,document.head.appendChild(n)}).catch(function(){})}},{key:"_prepareUrl",value:function(e){if(null===e||"object"!==(void 0===e?"undefined":r(e))||!1 in e||-1===["http:","https:"].indexOf(e.protocol))return null;var t=e.href.substring(0,this.config.siteUrl.length),n=this._getPathname(e.href,t),i={original:e.href,protocol:e.protocol,origin:t,pathname:n,href:t+n};return this._isLinkOk(i)?i:null}},{key:"_getPathname",value:function(e,t){var n=t?e.substring(this.config.siteUrl.length):e;return n.startsWith("/")||(n="/"+n),this._shouldAddTrailingSlash(n)?n+"/":n}},{key:"_shouldAddTrailingSlash",value:function(e){return this.config.usesTrailingSlash&&!e.endsWith("/")&&!this.regex.fileExt.test(e)}},{key:"_isLinkOk",value:function(e){return null!==e&&"object"===(void 0===e?"undefined":r(e))&&(!this.prefetched.has(e.href)&&e.origin===this.config.siteUrl&&-1===e.href.indexOf("?")&&-1===e.href.indexOf("#")&&!this.regex.excludeUris.test(e.href)&&!this.regex.images.test(e.href))}}],[{key:"run",value:function(){"undefined"!=typeof RocketPreloadLinksConfig&&new n(new RocketBrowserCompatibilityChecker({capture:!0,passive:!0}),RocketPreloadLinksConfig).init()}}]),n}();t.run(); }()); /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="rocketlazyloadscript" data-rocket-type="text/javascript" defer src="https://www.google.com/recaptcha/api.js?render=6Lcvy_weAAAAALjDmJ0-5Q8RLs5hAZmbXSXWvwrC&ver=3.0" id="google-recaptcha-js"></script> <script type="rocketlazyloadscript" data-rocket-type="text/javascript" defer src="https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-includes/js/dist/vendor/wp-polyfill.min.js?ver=3.15.0" id="wp-polyfill-js"></script> <script type="rocketlazyloadscript" data-rocket-type="text/javascript" id="wpcf7-recaptcha-js-before"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var wpcf7_recaptcha = { "sitekey": "6Lcvy_weAAAAALjDmJ0-5Q8RLs5hAZmbXSXWvwrC", "actions": { "homepage": "homepage", "contactform": "contactform" } }; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="rocketlazyloadscript" data-minify="1" data-rocket-type="text/javascript" defer src="https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/cache/min/1/wp-content/plugins/contact-form-7/modules/recaptcha/index.js?ver=1726670559" id="wpcf7-recaptcha-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="moove_gdpr_frontend-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var moove_frontend_gdpr_scripts = {"ajaxurl":"https:\/\/www.tec5usa.com\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","post_id":"3835","plugin_dir":"https:\/\/www.tec5usa.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/gdpr-cookie-compliance","show_icons":"all","is_page":"","ajax_cookie_removal":"false","strict_init":"2","enabled_default":{"third_party":0,"advanced":0},"geo_location":"false","force_reload":"false","is_single":"1","hide_save_btn":"false","current_user":"0","cookie_expiration":"0","script_delay":"2000","close_btn_action":"1","close_btn_rdr":"","scripts_defined":"{\"cache\":true,\"header\":\"\",\"body\":\"\",\"footer\":\"\",\"thirdparty\":{\"header\":\"\",\"body\":\"\",\"footer\":\"\"},\"advanced\":{\"header\":\"\",\"body\":\"\",\"footer\":\"\"}}","gdpr_scor":"true","wp_lang":"","wp_consent_api":"false","gdpr_consent_version":"1","gdpr_uvid":"98bfcac1b6ce36cce8fd0094289cf861","stats_enabled":"","gdpr_aos_hide":"false","consent_log_enabled":"","enable_on_scroll":"false"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="rocketlazyloadscript" data-minify="1" data-rocket-type="text/javascript" defer src="https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/cache/min/1/wp-content/plugins/gdpr-cookie-compliance/dist/scripts/main.js?ver=1726670559" id="moove_gdpr_frontend-js"></script> <script type="rocketlazyloadscript" data-rocket-type="text/javascript" id="moove_gdpr_frontend-js-after"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var gdpr_consent__strict = "true" var gdpr_consent__thirdparty = "false" var gdpr_consent__advanced = "false" var gdpr_consent__cookies = "strict" /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="rocketlazyloadscript" data-minify="1" data-rocket-type="text/javascript" defer src="https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/cache/min/1/wp-content/plugins/gdpr-cookie-compliance-addon/assets/js/gdpr_cc_addon.js?ver=1726670559" id="gdpr_cc_addon_frontend-js"></script>   <div id="moove_gdpr_cookie_modal" class="gdpr_lightbox-hide" role="complementary" aria-label="GDPR Settings Screen"> <div class="moove-gdpr-modal-content moove-clearfix logo-position-left moove_gdpr_modal_theme_v1"> <button class="moove-gdpr-modal-close" aria-label="Close GDPR Cookie Settings"> <span class="gdpr-sr-only">Close GDPR Cookie Settings</span> <span class="gdpr-icon moovegdpr-arrow-close"></span> </button> <div class="moove-gdpr-modal-left-content"> <div class="moove-gdpr-company-logo-holder"> <img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%201%201'%3E%3C/svg%3E" alt="" width="1" height="1" class="img-responsive" data-lazy-src="https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/Tech5-USA-logo.svg" /><noscript><img src="https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/Tech5-USA-logo.svg" alt="" width="1" height="1" class="img-responsive" /></noscript> </div>  <ul id="moove-gdpr-menu"> <li class="menu-item-on menu-item-privacy_overview menu-item-selected"> <button data-href="#privacy_overview" class="moove-gdpr-tab-nav" aria-label="Privacy Overview"> <span class="gdpr-nav-tab-title">Privacy Overview</span> </button> </li> <li class="menu-item-strict-necessary-cookies menu-item-off"> <button data-href="#strict-necessary-cookies" class="moove-gdpr-tab-nav" aria-label="Strictly Necessary Cookies"> <span class="gdpr-nav-tab-title">Strictly Necessary Cookies</span> </button> </li> <li class="menu-item-off menu-item-third_party_cookies"> <button data-href="#third_party_cookies" class="moove-gdpr-tab-nav" aria-label="3rd Party Cookies"> <span class="gdpr-nav-tab-title">3rd Party Cookies</span> </button> </li> </ul> <div class="moove-gdpr-branding-cnt"> <a href="https://wordpress.org/plugins/gdpr-cookie-compliance/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" class='moove-gdpr-branding'>Powered by  <span>GDPR Cookie Compliance</span></a> </div>  </div>  <div class="moove-gdpr-modal-right-content"> <div class="moove-gdpr-modal-title"> </div>  <div class="main-modal-content"> <div class="moove-gdpr-tab-content"> <div id="privacy_overview" class="moove-gdpr-tab-main"> <span class="tab-title">Privacy Overview</span> <div class="moove-gdpr-tab-main-content"> <p>This website uses cookies so that we can provide you with the best user experience possible. Cookie information is stored in your browser and performs functions such as recognising you when you return to our website and helping our team to understand which sections of the website you find most interesting and useful.</p> </div>  </div>  <div id="strict-necessary-cookies" class="moove-gdpr-tab-main" style="display:none"> <span class="tab-title">Strictly Necessary Cookies</span> <div class="moove-gdpr-tab-main-content"> <p>Strictly Necessary Cookie should be enabled at all times so that we can save your preferences for cookie settings.</p> <div class="moove-gdpr-status-bar gdpr-checkbox-disabled checkbox-selected"> <div class="gdpr-cc-form-wrap"> <div class="gdpr-cc-form-fieldset"> <label class="cookie-switch" for="moove_gdpr_strict_cookies"> <span class="gdpr-sr-only">Enable or Disable Cookies</span> <input type="checkbox" aria-label="Strictly Necessary Cookies" disabled checked="checked" value="check" name="moove_gdpr_strict_cookies" id="moove_gdpr_strict_cookies"> <span class="cookie-slider cookie-round" data-text-enable="Enabled" data-text-disabled="Disabled"></span> </label> </div>  </div>  </div>  <div class="moove-gdpr-strict-warning-message" style="margin-top: 10px;"> <p>If you disable this cookie, we will not be able to save your preferences. This means that every time you visit this website you will need to enable or disable cookies again.</p> </div>  </div>  </div>  <div id="third_party_cookies" class="moove-gdpr-tab-main" style="display:none"> <span class="tab-title">3rd Party Cookies</span> <div class="moove-gdpr-tab-main-content"> <p>This website uses Google Analytics to collect anonymous information such as the number of visitors to the site, and the most popular pages.</p> <p>Keeping this cookie enabled helps us to improve our website.</p> <div class="moove-gdpr-status-bar"> <div class="gdpr-cc-form-wrap"> <div class="gdpr-cc-form-fieldset"> <label class="cookie-switch" for="moove_gdpr_performance_cookies"> <span class="gdpr-sr-only">Enable or Disable Cookies</span> <input type="checkbox" aria-label="3rd Party Cookies" value="check" name="moove_gdpr_performance_cookies" id="moove_gdpr_performance_cookies" > <span class="cookie-slider cookie-round" data-text-enable="Enabled" data-text-disabled="Disabled"></span> </label> </div>  </div>  </div>  <div class="moove-gdpr-strict-secondary-warning-message" style="margin-top: 10px; display: none;"> <p>Please enable Strictly Necessary Cookies first so that we can save your preferences!</p> </div>  </div>  </div>  </div>  </div>  <div class="moove-gdpr-modal-footer-content"> <div class="moove-gdpr-button-holder"> <button class="mgbutton moove-gdpr-modal-allow-all button-visible" aria-label="Enable All">Enable All</button> <button class="mgbutton moove-gdpr-modal-save-settings button-visible" aria-label="Save Changes">Save Changes</button> </div>  </div>  </div>  <div class="moove-clearfix"></div> </div>  </div>   <script>window.lazyLoadOptions={elements_selector:"img[data-lazy-src],.rocket-lazyload,iframe[data-lazy-src]",data_src:"lazy-src",data_srcset:"lazy-srcset",data_sizes:"lazy-sizes",class_loading:"lazyloading",class_loaded:"lazyloaded",threshold:300,callback_loaded:function(element){if(element.tagName==="IFRAME"&&element.dataset.rocketLazyload=="fitvidscompatible"){if(element.classList.contains("lazyloaded")){if(typeof window.jQuery!="undefined"){if(jQuery.fn.fitVids){jQuery(element).parent().fitVids()}}}}}};window.addEventListener('LazyLoad::Initialized',function(e){var lazyLoadInstance=e.detail.instance;if(window.MutationObserver){var observer=new MutationObserver(function(mutations){var image_count=0;var iframe_count=0;var rocketlazy_count=0;mutations.forEach(function(mutation){for(var i=0;i<mutation.addedNodes.length;i++){if(typeof mutation.addedNodes[i].getElementsByTagName!=='function'){continue} if(typeof mutation.addedNodes[i].getElementsByClassName!=='function'){continue} images=mutation.addedNodes[i].getElementsByTagName('img');is_image=mutation.addedNodes[i].tagName=="IMG";iframes=mutation.addedNodes[i].getElementsByTagName('iframe');is_iframe=mutation.addedNodes[i].tagName=="IFRAME";rocket_lazy=mutation.addedNodes[i].getElementsByClassName('rocket-lazyload');image_count+=images.length;iframe_count+=iframes.length;rocketlazy_count+=rocket_lazy.length;if(is_image){image_count+=1} if(is_iframe){iframe_count+=1}}});if(image_count>0||iframe_count>0||rocketlazy_count>0){lazyLoadInstance.update()}});var b=document.getElementsByTagName("body")[0];var config={childList:!0,subtree:!0};observer.observe(b,config)}},!1)</script><script data-no-minify="1" async src="https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-rocket/assets/js/lazyload/17.5/lazyload.min.js"></script><script>function lazyLoadThumb(e){var t='<img data-lazy-src="https://i.ytimg.com/vi/ID/hqdefault.jpg" alt="" width="480" height="360"><noscript><img src="https://i.ytimg.com/vi/ID/hqdefault.jpg" alt="" width="480" height="360"></noscript>',a='<div class="play"></div>';return t.replace("ID",e)+a}function lazyLoadYoutubeIframe(){var e=document.createElement("iframe"),t="ID?autoplay=1";t+=0===this.dataset.query.length?'':'&'+this.dataset.query;e.setAttribute("src",t.replace("ID",this.dataset.src)),e.setAttribute("frameborder","0"),e.setAttribute("allowfullscreen","1"),e.setAttribute("allow", "accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture"),this.parentNode.replaceChild(e,this)}document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",function(){var e,t,a=document.getElementsByClassName("rll-youtube-player");for(t=0;t<a.length;t++)e=document.createElement("div"),e.setAttribute("data-id",a[t].dataset.id),e.setAttribute("data-query", a[t].dataset.query),e.setAttribute("data-src", a[t].dataset.src),e.innerHTML=lazyLoadThumb(a[t].dataset.id),e.onclick=lazyLoadYoutubeIframe,a[t].appendChild(e)});</script> </div>  <script type="rocketlazyloadscript" src="https://www.tec5usa.com/wp-content/themes/digitalsilk/assets/dist/js/lazyload.min.js" defer></script> <script type="rocketlazyloadscript"> /* Lazy Load */ if(typeof LazyLoad !== 'undefined' && LazyLoad) { var myLazyLoad = new LazyLoad({ elements_selector: '.lazy', }); } document.addEventListener( 'wpcf7mailsent', function( event ) { // console.log(event); location = 'https://www.tec5usa.com/thank-you'; }, false ); </script> </body> </html>