CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="390"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "journals.physiology.org",cType: 'managed',cRay: '8ebf7e44afca4983',cH: 'fhsEdSjK6LoNXWvOBuPjS2GpJz6bVMDfvqVWcNqyIuE-1733186299-1.2.1.1-QMqxbpUlNkrEmsTWXxbFBZmuhzMshoyoQGIpz17.VZrcLtE4r2.4N1wxxEXKKc.D',cUPMDTk: "\/doi\/10.1152\/japplphysiol.00911.2017?__cf_chl_tk=rmU4YN6.xuwJeFfqZNFUxJ.Ku4r6fuD9XdczPuZGEW8-1733186299-1.0.1.1-2P3f3NkkJgU.mJmRaab.QyGpozLmrR464oSZwF9aX.E",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1733186299',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '390000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/doi\/10.1152\/japplphysiol.00911.2017?__cf_chl_f_tk=rmU4YN6.xuwJeFfqZNFUxJ.Ku4r6fuD9XdczPuZGEW8-1733186299-1.0.1.1-2P3f3NkkJgU.mJmRaab.QyGpozLmrR464oSZwF9aX.E",md: "__iOaV321eC7sEHd75urALXObvAvN70kNZMPnDvb4Jc-1733186299-1.2.1.1-hFOOKJtSRA15fmtO9uNYWutWK6uGNpV_.F6FHCPEPByvUR4ce95Su.U9f2PhJXi6jsBih1G68gRA9x2zxwiSjBYtAedXv0dhOvpJMXh1o2RTyxJZSv6JNyC8.1Y3jGC788cS3xuIwOBzKgC5WPzd5aPcwEgtVGPwIWAxgGJG4ZG2qwrKtrgXgJPRrv9Ah2otA089QQThvGdg7pjS6F4ojA1eLiC01kRfAdOKoWzuBcd015XO3of2M1lFhbEdATJcBJXrhSR90XVAfprGPvw3qrU5Lghi.qs_51dCKI09HzBuSHSCJs6zvsHjWJ3R83GCuJnIa4MSEC.tE5CRlY2uVvizyGraU5VW7N28wbNGSU3MnWlWKYgrkT_PgrBnX_Jm0CDIoQhEaq9LJP.2CN5XmczMRS.cE6aobgbYI9Wr01AF43oeOJ2oKtIxoj8OjEr.YgNni1S9RyXBkbkRbdCH72Eq2SMXqzqnS1qbl0YK94q7DragxgpxKosnIF_FsTrZxZovYsFQBKOxQbSJei1mKqOE5IWtxsy1aur8EcAz6hElnCvDZLzAeyXnVzsx7Mzhjo4jI8GbTJhSaNE.wn1kCPOyKCPWbdIW2nVK6J6RHWcFjsb_nz0M4Jt2mx_.XHibA_XN.11hd0tO3tphwkJ3eF4JLgZ7Y_SFGqB8vSet08LmGFGo6t1WMzF.yBizpQFmSsW5BRWtL.hJ9vxDSl8mbIV_2au8DVDKdzbAfQU6kMbozTMimuGbYhDD5RuY8BGwM9EuVXUGSKbWrgDuS9QgbC40Df.zh.wtoh6rXjbrktXIsE6WY07gVyaQumhf736199R9vfj.9b_CMxOREc_Qac04LaIwQpqn.Z.2pN1Yd6WEdT.HCatGoEFRLkMapnjpVb1fldsKbGBVhliwpVHgQQTHeQTPWT4Q0xjsKhFLnudnRWIrxKzaz6hv_dhjlkk0asOq4YdCR8B7YzIR..rgT1hAmsXHcCFlshUlPi93E.7nnHSlxpQVn_baCePiRLOMX_tLG5ToG7d.P62f43jUNGtv4matJgcRMxOMePVWxRX5_au7dB5jjpKwG8RMwwCTZg6jMllmIReXyM6bFAaaBFKGo9peUgMzHxZaFTQhmZp_pEo8Hxd2t8R1fV7Y8TJka_VIbMhIBg52Q3mnMZVgDMgdtDsVdUMC9SYw.y_oXl6Vd5ddVjCeRAFeC.sAIcrNMej6HBUl8GCqiSciexgKm49n1eJFYwsDHtN1f01tJaeCYrO_0Kv2bJ7z2ra1gGdrutdSFeOF.TgHSG5I.Jt8xGw3bDKRjtQly6MWdkmxIMckiLNPi7uIhdRAXE5A8pDIeFuXnPUHgw7ds.IkpTFbSkRj2iBM0HE6CIN8fFF2Met.GtctM5hIVY2KdpiMVVR9Z2F6WuWnI5g6icT64Kg1Nl3ZZ5L_MrQXSh9v6t_9Z9iUo16wKocdyhvTb2lAV78NahXVemUO_kk_8gF5ZeEd11hVFrQ7h1lI07SMXVMRcHrO6sh5OTCdFi8dXn0J3j.o0OVRwrwOKBh75gOGx.JiDRwbhKgN5RGtPBM8JYkSybaR16hBVMu0D4IvXaRdIFl_pbllxUmKVpHMeAvSCRP78HBQxCEbYY2g2HPf51LmoKHE08GTU3f5JtKMjByN7XJc5SW6uTquRaCE4ro4m9HOik1j6TR1Wsqkv2KC3xgfG3EdjUZ5GDO_eEg80x_xziK7ptbZ8m98cSLQOiQwhNv0fhx8mTjishzBtfrGV3nE7BAjX1bwOiBaGzjOlO.J1elbMkKgRCwY7PGlZkVoTkI15S7XxISRVFCKZts0bvbtNzwcv1oJpwd7XryrNkuFwflO8qJa9GEIDCEZhY7Hnxz8ZGRX1wB4GNmHEiExku4TwZALtk9YvSlXJHb_A0O_03QghRPNa_jzxeHU6K93weyVTzefprrv_ftH_kFbxlVB_q0aIsRoqCQiarJWnDJCZunKxRJbjh9CsFBII1kRCZ22NaXIZpun1ZP82V7JG_u4HEhFappleCdh2dvu.SJT7PQgT74G8dbACYyZWpiODeDeN_GNaxYhw.6S4eZvrqchSDBUOqultaGW4yzWX7m93sup_tgAJTuomGqZBpv.I_Og_LGGGOICZLrzkofMlYcsVSMnmafA1DaIUUpFwC18UUBtm7DI3pSn6PKOE84dTOgRb6WksStSG.YpDPwY.jegEfzknZiyYZDHOpRqdotyf_dyifdMny4NN.X4V7im3MhHs5LLQbKG_EFfkL4EAvhNufWyKSwqo7r3t3o_qzVEvgUiWfAkgfUgPrr5NeyIkurkoX8hr.P20d7tl25RfFA8l8u7rmbUDLMma1erDr5WiNNxFgg_2IbIsaLl.OZwnEK.aC8Y.L4z4m9kwCCRsYyH2ORPjwn7g.tcEbK7CxJNNrrktzM.djX1Oii8tgLjYHOpkWJMxoC4ozoctkAPElYZC0kmZghYJvUdmuLwQgbUFAPYaQ54ngG1DtFb71Qv7MEupLuVirMa6Tj8h4XcH1x2fr6z7wmezUhhwxkMyH1aa4AzlA.aSuzxI8xROs1C.pVQqw5.pk2FiRiDjAmiLSlXY_4R9rArbLt9tQ.hEwxccFxY0ewGNjHHLSgCrr1bROakGsaRv_cwZk3ysBuDkrYVG9fsRa7LdThWsaNRkzhcfnilKPSiTQR1MRYWafG5d3YHxbFLCGp6o6A9jQCcmWD3PXiyH1TqCwZUKC90NnsCuBhw3DkhjsLlzrAy2t1J5vYfnzxq6kIALe5ALnsdoTVLVZ9WSR57tyfKCYK3L1wMWbC.OM1RWQqfTX5vikI4xgQcKTKOnHqqAFqABJsfT3Du776MBCm6kAdegX5uw2klXvQMf9Q7AOuNYV2JwTLd7eDFcYNpjX6tL0.Nr63sL_0o4zdQ84fv1cAZOAoO1boXT.KwTyvrmxoBwt4_tas4qbkhdqw65.W_yYMChN64R_XIR1rxAmHmbt6COKu6b6kVSvTsT.YVrvOOKYENKCIDosvgjQ",mdrd: "KW9oJaWYN5eDEdtmM405jrPBskzEMgwC2JLs7bzIkOo-1733186299-1.2.1.1-vuVOgV_Y74VnfY2cWtoJwTWDfCoXDA.i8X1GrFOis7rTH0_uiGJUR___XPe6j1hl9HqUqoXN7PokTs8qAk4C4p5f91Xi0Bps2FUq1ofVBbbOYUWvLAl4WlB.TuSRCN.4S.0Xw8rLe9hvSZVmMKKGbe81SJnhctkkoKzH_xCZCb2kziAmeSPZ.DM4AkW2MC9jYPyKeDlqX2aUAXL3IGF35_8SJKPavWOyMeuiY9n5GfM4y2ApEA5gbir3RBggAuGjKa83MRUxwsfmJAPXCBB7pH1v3xW3qFvX5KhLXZ58cY0m5c5Uxg68kj__coVZFJICg0GF.MsfDQUDPaK0DRxs911rkxiovWZo8g2kOtA9Od9.kzCeH5212_L.iu6c674NvHaixAe9E5p588RIL1QwI_f.MijVmXDQAvu.rhYoPHjcTVenGYnfzExAMHWTo1iB.q5CxXwRWEE6ZKRRis1axyRW60VQ59fJRBOuxqKZbp8IMC7kZRXJwosKAPVwMrZrpfYW.zudtsAvGUzKVrDDdgYasI0JvCDtEVqbcdlv3sqjWUUjfreROWsg0Gc5dv6VXTDS0VUd_ah2fCSZvAZJvEJtUVynT98b5e7nMdXoFYvQqnJdPrWxYGndGNqbdgYUJVDosm4Irf7QQBYN5qOy1pjul877AooskA_B41jGtzDZ.oK_d401SLA6RNqr8m_HLMskKTbgm92RN9Wq6h6kIJGjNmh9uH.OiZKHNdrd9RKGrJlSbLdbma9yKQydr6nTdl_gicmB.tDWYkzlT76QiBKRGOvovmx52UiqZ1O_K.6RT8AaorGn_ENY9CCD2Oz0fJZoXsSj4jIJoGNmXqxwgfl96bpYhcCqijuP0HyNb02LazJ56NjApz68K41Jp.zP_9Zk9oPVYXl1ZI3r2Ps7SzKo3T8JLcLoyxYb2yiSZzz778qdQBLDvjg7a.sO38ngsa1cy9EOxu.YEMY8c0m8048WzoMNUkCRhAKjpBS3CH_Fzot8NGBtdn5CuJKgxeMPsxz1c8SPC8xOvBAEE51sISIojk3HRRZPTw9Md11N3TETDYh40WbaoxDL_xVGxCaayCx07gybE8zxs97pJ66jfM71NN2lEM8AIOjQF8.xLdO2rGW6RnlGLZq_.SXi_Kf73swXkpxFQ0uKFlJCjq_3ayE_Rnd38bau_PX1wk21y9dY4OMTJiKeV4M7_5Q_N9XchDZffuvZNidzqEEc8n1Husa74JOc70LkpnpdEgqOokqL.mTKuzCbnd9FhrBJK0s_RH28wUuiTzoHk9SP1P5N1OdG6DRw4qUp0J4rGGR0QJlcvWdJuNNWHm6KJZkoVStKJbq9fqficvnQGME4_UofcO_4fkBROHKpKZe_e5MXdD7QUYRZL2kUVK0D3ngXBA6pyKcgykEjuHKZaxhv5qFIhlVYyGI6BqfdooaDimH10yMFth9iKGAsmOZz7061Ip1R19QTlh5zLcWOaTYU8qHDJyg1E0c71F9ApVBtneKoWENFAT4a7RAfT4IT2B5fxd9s.ZO0zIxfOGgfTp3fIzO8xbrQYbhiUS.ibTxuFE983gJH6ObQLlkLww3kTNabGgT8jS85Msjc0x1d1fyHZfJUtLS4HyCwclzt.r0XcN0it12m_jxiqAx1v66wDorx8f5lYV1vsO8s8LyLQmXJmtgppu0qMKaMxFRLOovipjqtR6x3aZwhc9N1hsVx3QXjim6oi6XY8nvE2wyYND5zMIjlRskZFkY3lhnI.1fpBIFwMh7uVpPmrPXoOWYAb1tgN6nYjO3SwkBduHmBUT6K6B5jS5l9KugZt8zbs5GOfj6FVePlX25oLk1cTo6MCOqOQaUtVDODYjkzHb43W0HsqsNil7P4sm_Lo1ivcp.ZQCTatoymXN_Zi_uNzGz.v_zunIGA_gNv1qJnbVqWR0hSPqzCN.VoiQ_hZoMTs6CbfqLDt7sMamfTMcr8xy2_mBc5ase0igVUncf9wWse62iz.gR_eg"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=8ebf7e44afca4983';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/doi\/10.1152\/japplphysiol.00911.2017?__cf_chl_rt_tk=rmU4YN6.xuwJeFfqZNFUxJ.Ku4r6fuD9XdczPuZGEW8-1733186299-1.0.1.1-2P3f3NkkJgU.mJmRaab.QyGpozLmrR464oSZwF9aX.E" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>