Geopolitical Risk

<!DOCTYPE html> <html xmlns="https://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang='en-TH' xml:lang='en-TH'> <head>  <script src="https://cdn.cookielaw.org/scripttemplates/otSDKStub.js" type="text/javascript" charset="UTF-8" data-domain-script="f547107a-3552-4382-94d8-cf2455c79bf1"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> function OptanonWrapper() { } </script>   <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; (function (w, d, s, l, i) { w[l] = w[l] || []; w[l].push({ 'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(), event: 'gtm.js' }); var f = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j = d.createElement(s), dl = l != 'dataLayer' ? '&l=' + l : ''; j.async = true; j.src = 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=' + i + dl; f.parentNode.insertBefore(j, f); })( window, document, 'script', 'dataLayer', 'GTM-M7MKB8C8' ); </script>  <meta charset="utf-8" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />  <title>Geopolitical Risk - WTW</title>  <meta name="description" content="The complex relationship between geopolitical drivers of risks can be as important as the risks themselves. Successful organisations will be those that can understand this connectivity, take advantage of opportunities and mitigate the risks." /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" /> <meta property="og:title" content="Geopolitical Risk" /> <meta property="og:description" content="The complex relationship between geopolitical drivers of risks can be as important as the risks themselves. Successful organisations will be those that can understand this connectivity, take advantage of opportunities and mitigate the risks." /> <meta property="og:type" content="website" /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://media.wtwco.com/-/media/WTW/Social/custom/content-hubs-and-trending-topics/GeopoliticalRiskRespong-1024x512_154061378.jpg?modified=20190529154824&imgeng=meta_true" /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="WTW" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/insights/trending-topics/geopolitical-risk" /> <meta property="og:locale" content="en-TH" /> <meta name="VIcurrentDateTime" content="638679886884881449" /> <meta name="VirtualFolder" content="/" /> <script type="text/javascript" src="/layouts/system/VisitorIdentification.js"></script> <link rel="preconnect" href="//media.wtwco.com" crossorigin> <link rel="icon" href="/favicon.ico"> <link href="https://www.wtwco.com/-/media/Feature/Resources/CSS-Files/main.css?modified=20241030170359&v=2.0.0.0" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /> </head>   <body data-spy="scroll" data-target="#jump-nav-scroll-target" data-offset="120">   <noscript><iframe sandbox src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-M7MKB8C8" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript>  <a href="#main-content" aria-label="Skip to main content" class="sr-only skip-nav">Skip to main content</a> <div id="get-current-breakpoint"> <div id="xs"></div> <div id="sm" class="d-none d-sm-block"></div> <div id="md" class="d-none d-md-block"></div> <div id="lg" class="d-none d-lg-block"></div> <div id="xl" class="d-none d-xl-block"></div> </div> <div class="site-nav"> <div class="d-none d-md-flex w-100 justify-content-between site-nav__utility">  <nav aria-label="Location Selector"> <button type="button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="country-selector" class="font-p font-p-small site-nav__utility-btn" data-menu="country-selector--is-visible" onclick="linkClick(this);" data-etlabel="internal_link_click" data-selabel="Location Selector" data-ewlabel="Country Selector Open" data-cdlabel="Country Selector Open" data-cilabel="/sitecore/content/WTW/insights/2022/07/spain-new-tax-incentives-sectoral-pension-and-funding-options" aria-label="Expand/collapse to choose your location and preferred language. Current location and language selection is Thailand English"> <span class="material-symbols-outlined" aria-hidden="true">language</span> <strong>TH</strong> | EN <span class="material-symbols-outlined" aria-hidden="true">expand_more</span> </button> </nav>  <nav class="site-nav__utility-links-container" aria-label="Featured Links"> <ul class="list-inline"> <li class="list-inline-item"> <a href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/news/all-news" data-cdlabel="News" onclick="linkClick(this);" data-selabel="Utility Nav" class="font-p-small site-nav__utility-link" data-cilabel="/sitecore/content/WTW/news/all-news" data-ewlabel="Utility Nav" data-etlabel="header_navigation" >News</a> </li> <li class="list-inline-item"> <a href="https://investors.wtwco.com" data-cdlabel="Investor Relations" rel="noopener noreferrer" onclick="linkClick(this);" data-selabel="Utility Nav" class="font-p-small site-nav__utility-link" data-cilabel="https://investors.wtwco.com" data-ewlabel="Utility Nav" data-etlabel="header_navigation" target="_blank" >Investor Relations</a> </li> <li class="list-inline-item"> <a href="https://careers.wtwco.com" data-cdlabel="Careers" rel="noopener noreferrer" onclick="linkClick(this);" data-selabel="Utility Nav" class="font-p-small site-nav__utility-link" data-cilabel="https://careers.wtwco.com" data-ewlabel="Utility Nav" data-etlabel="header_navigation" target="_blank" >Careers</a> </li> </ul> </nav> </div>  <div class="d-flex justify-content-between align-items-stretch site-nav__main">  <button class="btn btn-lg site-nav__btn site-nav__btn--menu" data-menu="menu-is-open" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="site-menu" id="site-nav-toggle-btn" onclick="mainNavClick(this,0)" data-elabel="Menu aria-label="Main Navigation; Click to expand/collapse menu"> <span class="site-nav__btn__icon"> <span class="material-symbols-outlined" aria-hidden="true">menu</span> <span class="material-symbols-outlined" aria-hidden="true">close</span> </span> <span class="site-nav__btn__label d-none d-md-block"> Menu </span> </button>  <nav class="site-menu navbar navbar-expand-md p-0" aria-label="Main Menu" id="site-menu"> <div data-menu-overlay class="site-menu__overlay"></div> <ul class="primary-menu col-lg-4 px-0 menu-panel-py" role="menubar"> <li class="nav-item dropdown" role="none"> <button type="button" class="btn dropdown-toggle menu-item menu-panel-px mt-0" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" role="menuitem" id="about-us-menu" onclick="mainNavClick(this, 1)" data-elabel="About Us"> <span class="menu-item__heading heading-4 underline-on-hover">About Us<span class="menu-item__arrow material-symbols-outlined" aria-hidden="true">arrow_forward_ios</span></span> </button>  <div class="dropdown-menu secondary-menu offset-lg-4 col-lg-4 p-0 my-0"> <button class="menu-panel__back menu-panel-px heading-5 mb-0 py-3 w-100 text-left d-lg-none mb-4" role="menuitem"> <span class="material-symbols-outlined" aria-hidden="true">arrow_left</span> About Us </button> <ul class="secondary-menu-list px-0 menu-panel-py h-100" aria-labelledby="about-us-menu" role="menu"> <li role="none"> <div class="menu-item mt-0 menu-panel-px"> <a href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/about-us/overview" class="heading-4 underline-on-hover dropdown-item" data-placement="right" data-toggle="popover" role="menuitem" onclick="mainNavClick(this, 2)" data-elabel="Overview" data-image="https://media.wtwco.com/-/media/WTW/Navigation/GettyImages-655058143-Overview-navpanel.jpg?modified=20220707135339&imgeng=meta_true"> Overview </a> </div> </li> <li role="none"> <div class="menu-item mt-0 menu-panel-px"> <a href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/about-us/our-leadership" class="heading-4 underline-on-hover dropdown-item" data-placement="right" data-toggle="popover" role="menuitem" onclick="mainNavClick(this, 2)" data-elabel="Our Leadership" data-image="https://media.wtwco.com/-/media/WTW/Navigation/GettyImages-1341193833-Our-Leadership-navpanel.jpg?modified=20220707135236&imgeng=meta_true"> Our Leadership </a> </div> </li> <li role="none"> <div class="menu-item mt-0 menu-panel-px"> <a href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/about-us/our-history" class="heading-4 underline-on-hover dropdown-item" data-placement="right" data-toggle="popover" role="menuitem" onclick="mainNavClick(this, 2)" data-elabel="Our History" data-image="https://media.wtwco.com/-/media/WTW/Navigation/GettyImages-82832015-Our-History-navpanel.jpg?modified=20220707135407&imgeng=meta_true"> Our History </a> </div> </li> <li role="none"> <div class="menu-item mt-0 menu-panel-px"> <a href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/about-us/sustainability" class="heading-4 underline-on-hover dropdown-item" data-placement="right" data-toggle="popover" role="menuitem" onclick="mainNavClick(this, 2)" data-elabel="Sustainability" data-image="https://media.wtwco.com/-/media/WTW/Navigation/GettyImages-506460039-ESG-navpanel.jpg?modified=20220707135306&imgeng=meta_true"> Sustainability </a> </div> </li> <li role="none"> <div class="menu-item mt-0 menu-panel-px"> <a href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/about-us/inclusion-and-diversity" class="heading-4 underline-on-hover dropdown-item" data-placement="right" data-toggle="popover" role="menuitem" onclick="mainNavClick(this, 2)" data-elabel="Inclusion and Diversity" data-image="https://media.wtwco.com/-/media/WTW/Navigation/GettyImages-8517640-Inclusion-and-Diversity-navpanel.jpg?modified=20220707135441&imgeng=meta_true"> Inclusion and Diversity </a> </div> </li> <li role="none"> <div class="menu-item mt-0 menu-panel-px"> <a href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/about-us/inclusion-and-diversity-in-action" class="heading-4 underline-on-hover dropdown-item" data-placement="right" data-toggle="popover" role="menuitem" onclick="mainNavClick(this, 2)" data-elabel="Inclusion and Diversity in Action" data-image="https://media.wtwco.com/-/media/WTW/Navigation/Getty-Images-1248528013-ID-in-action-hover-image-960x1824px.jpg?modified=20240103153828&imgeng=meta_true"> Inclusion and Diversity in Action </a> </div> </li> <li role="none"> <div class="menu-item mt-0 menu-panel-px"> <a href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/about-us/awards-recognition" class="heading-4 underline-on-hover dropdown-item" data-placement="right" data-toggle="popover" role="menuitem" onclick="mainNavClick(this, 2)" data-elabel="Awards and Recognition" data-image="https://media.wtwco.com/-/media/WTW/Navigation/GettyImages-986484412-Awards-and-recognition-navpanel.jpg?modified=20220707135514&imgeng=meta_true"> Awards and Recognition </a> </div> </li> <li role="none"> <div class="menu-item mt-0 menu-panel-px"> <a href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/about-us/office-locations" class="heading-4 underline-on-hover dropdown-item" data-placement="right" data-toggle="popover" role="menuitem" onclick="mainNavClick(this, 2)" data-elabel="Office Locations" data-image="https://media.wtwco.com/-/media/WTW/Navigation/GettyImages-1096081938-office-locations-navpanel.jpg?modified=20220707135038&imgeng=meta_true"> Office Locations </a> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </li> <li class="nav-item dropdown" role="none"> <button type="button" class="btn dropdown-toggle menu-item menu-panel-px mt-0" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" role="menuitem" id="solutions-menu" onclick="mainNavClick(this, 1)" data-elabel="Solutions"> <span class="menu-item__heading heading-4 underline-on-hover">Solutions<span class="menu-item__arrow material-symbols-outlined" aria-hidden="true">arrow_forward_ios</span></span> </button>  <div class="dropdown-menu secondary-menu offset-lg-4 col-lg-4 p-0 my-0"> <button class="menu-panel__back menu-panel-px heading-5 mb-0 py-3 w-100 text-left d-lg-none mb-4" role="menuitem"> <span class="material-symbols-outlined" aria-hidden="true">arrow_left</span> Solutions </button> <ul class="secondary-menu-list px-0 menu-panel-py h-100" aria-labelledby="solutions-menu" role="menu"> <li role="none"> <a href="#" class="menu-item mt-0 dropdown-toggle dropdown-item" role="menuitem" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" id="solutions-people-menu" onclick="mainNavClick(this, 2)" data-elabel="People"> <div class="menu-panel-px"> <span class="menu-item__heading heading-4 underline-on-hover"> People<span class="menu-item__arrow material-symbols-outlined" aria-hidden="true">arrow_forward_ios</span></span> </div> <p class="menu-item__description menu-panel-px font-p-small">From determining how work gets done and how it’s valued to improving the health and financial wellbeing of your workforce, we add perspective.</p> </a>  <div class="dropdown-menu tertiary-menu offset-lg-4 col-lg-4 p-0 my-0"> <button class="menu-panel__back menu-panel-px heading-5 mb-0 py-3 w-100 text-left d-lg-none mb-4" role="menuitem"> <span class="material-symbols-outlined" aria-hidden="true">arrow_left</span> People </button> <ul class="tertiary-menu-list px-0 menu-panel-py" role="menu" aria-labelledby="solutions-people-menu"> <li class="menu-panel-px mb-5"> <a href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/people" class="arrow-link align-items-center dropdown-item" onclick="mainNavClick(this,3)" data-elabel="View all"> <span class="mb-0">View all</span> <span class="material-symbols-outlined" aria-hidden="true">arrow_forward</span> </a> </li> <li class="menu-panel-px menu-item menu-item--link my-3 py-0" role="none"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/solutions/career-analysis-and-design" onclick="mainNavClick(this,3)" data-elabel="Career Analysis and Design" role="menuitem">Career Analysis and Design</a> </li> <li class="menu-panel-px menu-item menu-item--link my-3 py-0" role="none"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/solutions/compensation-strategy-and-design" onclick="mainNavClick(this,3)" data-elabel="Compensation Strategy and Design" role="menuitem">Compensation Strategy and Design</a> </li> <li class="menu-panel-px menu-item menu-item--link my-3 py-0" role="none"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/solutions/cyber-risk-management-and-insurance" onclick="mainNavClick(this,3)" data-elabel="Cyber Risk Management and Insurance" role="menuitem">Cyber Risk Management and Insurance</a> </li> <li class="menu-panel-px menu-item menu-item--link my-3 py-0" role="none"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/solutions/diversity-equity-inclusion" onclick="mainNavClick(this,3)" data-elabel="Diversity, Equity and Inclusion" role="menuitem">Diversity, Equity and Inclusion</a> </li> <li class="menu-panel-px menu-item menu-item--link my-3 py-0" role="none"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/solutions/employee-experience" onclick="mainNavClick(this,3)" data-elabel="Employee Experience" role="menuitem">Employee Experience</a> </li> <li class="menu-panel-px menu-item menu-item--link my-3 py-0" role="none"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/solutions/employee-financial-resilience" onclick="mainNavClick(this,3)" data-elabel="Employee Financial Resilience" role="menuitem">Employee Financial Resilience</a> </li> <li class="menu-panel-px menu-item menu-item--link my-3 py-0" role="none"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/solutions/esg-and-sustainability" onclick="mainNavClick(this,3)" data-elabel="ESG and Sustainability" role="menuitem">ESG and Sustainability</a> </li> <li class="menu-panel-px menu-item menu-item--link my-3 py-0" role="none"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/solutions/executive-compensation" onclick="mainNavClick(this,3)" data-elabel="Executive Compensation and Board Advisory" role="menuitem">Executive Compensation and Board Advisory</a> </li> <li class="menu-panel-px menu-item menu-item--link my-3 py-0" role="none"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/solutions/global-benefits-management" onclick="mainNavClick(this,3)" data-elabel="Global Benefits Management" role="menuitem">Global Benefits Management</a> </li> <li class="menu-panel-px menu-item menu-item--link my-3 py-0" role="none"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/solutions/health-and-benefits" onclick="mainNavClick(this,3)" data-elabel="Health and Benefits" role="menuitem">Health and Benefits</a> </li> <li class="menu-panel-px menu-item menu-item--link my-3 py-0" role="none"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/solutions/investments" onclick="mainNavClick(this,3)" data-elabel="Investments" role="menuitem">Investments</a> </li> <li class="menu-panel-px menu-item menu-item--link my-3 py-0" role="none"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/solutions/mergers-and-acquisitions" onclick="mainNavClick(this,3)" data-elabel="Mergers and Acquisitions" role="menuitem">Mergers and Acquisitions</a> </li> <li class="menu-panel-px menu-item menu-item--link my-3 py-0" role="none"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/solutions/pay-equity-and-pay-transparency" onclick="mainNavClick(this,3)" data-elabel="Pay Equity and Pay Transparency" role="menuitem">Pay Equity and Pay Transparency</a> </li> <li class="menu-panel-px menu-item menu-item--link my-3 py-0" role="none"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/solutions/retirement" onclick="mainNavClick(this,3)" data-elabel="Retirement" role="menuitem">Retirement</a> </li> <li class="menu-panel-px menu-item menu-item--link my-3 py-0" role="none"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/solutions/total-rewards" onclick="mainNavClick(this,3)" data-elabel="Total Rewards" role="menuitem">Total Rewards</a> </li> <li class="menu-panel-px menu-item menu-item--link my-3 py-0" role="none"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/solutions/wellbeing" onclick="mainNavClick(this,3)" data-elabel="Wellbeing" role="menuitem">Wellbeing</a> </li> <li class="menu-panel-px menu-item menu-item--link my-3 py-0" role="none"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/solutions/work-transformation" onclick="mainNavClick(this,3)" data-elabel="Work Transformation" role="menuitem">Work Transformation</a> </li> </ul> </div> </li> <li role="none"> <a href="#" class="menu-item mt-0 dropdown-toggle dropdown-item" role="menuitem" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" id="solutions-risk-menu" onclick="mainNavClick(this, 2)" data-elabel="Risk"> <div class="menu-panel-px"> <span class="menu-item__heading heading-4 underline-on-hover"> Risk<span class="menu-item__arrow material-symbols-outlined" aria-hidden="true">arrow_forward_ios</span></span> </div> <p class="menu-item__description menu-panel-px font-p-small">Your ability to manage risk is key to your thriving in an uncertain world.</p> </a>  <div class="dropdown-menu tertiary-menu offset-lg-4 col-lg-4 p-0 my-0"> <button class="menu-panel__back menu-panel-px heading-5 mb-0 py-3 w-100 text-left d-lg-none mb-4" role="menuitem"> <span class="material-symbols-outlined" aria-hidden="true">arrow_left</span> Risk </button> <ul class="tertiary-menu-list px-0 menu-panel-py" role="menu" aria-labelledby="solutions-risk-menu"> <li class="menu-panel-px mb-5"> <a href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/risk" class="arrow-link align-items-center dropdown-item" onclick="mainNavClick(this,3)" data-elabel="View all"> <span class="mb-0">View all</span> <span class="material-symbols-outlined" aria-hidden="true">arrow_forward</span> </a> </li> <li class="menu-panel-px menu-item menu-item--link my-3 py-0" role="none"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/solutions/affinity" onclick="mainNavClick(this,3)" data-elabel="Affinity Insurance" role="menuitem">Affinity Insurance</a> </li> <li class="menu-panel-px menu-item menu-item--link my-3 py-0" role="none"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/solutions/credit-political-risk-and-terrorism" onclick="mainNavClick(this,3)" data-elabel="Credit and Political Risk" role="menuitem">Credit and Political Risk</a> </li> <li class="menu-panel-px menu-item menu-item--link my-3 py-0" role="none"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/solutions/cyber-risk-management-and-insurance" onclick="mainNavClick(this,3)" data-elabel="Cyber Risk Management and Insurance" role="menuitem">Cyber Risk Management and Insurance</a> </li> <li class="menu-panel-px menu-item menu-item--link my-3 py-0" role="none"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/solutions/esg-and-sustainability" onclick="mainNavClick(this,3)" data-elabel="ESG and Sustainability" role="menuitem">ESG and Sustainability</a> </li> <li class="menu-panel-px menu-item menu-item--link my-3 py-0" role="none"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/solutions/finex" onclick="mainNavClick(this,3)" data-elabel="Financial, Professional and Executive Risks" role="menuitem">Financial, Professional and Executive Risks</a> </li> <li class="menu-panel-px menu-item menu-item--link my-3 py-0" role="none"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/solutions/global-specialty" onclick="mainNavClick(this,3)" data-elabel="Global Specialty " role="menuitem">Global Specialty </a> </li> <li class="menu-panel-px menu-item menu-item--link my-3 py-0" role="none"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/solutions/health-and-benefits" onclick="mainNavClick(this,3)" data-elabel="Health and Benefits" role="menuitem">Health and Benefits</a> </li> <li class="menu-panel-px menu-item menu-item--link my-3 py-0" role="none"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/solutions/insurance-consulting-and-technology" onclick="mainNavClick(this,3)" data-elabel="Insurance Consulting and Technology" role="menuitem">Insurance Consulting and Technology</a> </li> <li class="menu-panel-px menu-item menu-item--link my-3 py-0" role="none"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/solutions/investments" onclick="mainNavClick(this,3)" data-elabel="Investments" role="menuitem">Investments</a> </li> <li class="menu-panel-px menu-item menu-item--link my-3 py-0" role="none"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/solutions/mergers-and-acquisitions" onclick="mainNavClick(this,3)" data-elabel="Mergers and Acquisitions" role="menuitem">Mergers and Acquisitions</a> </li> <li class="menu-panel-px menu-item menu-item--link my-3 py-0" role="none"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/solutions/retirement" onclick="mainNavClick(this,3)" data-elabel="Retirement" role="menuitem">Retirement</a> </li> </ul> </div> </li> <li role="none"> <a href="#" class="menu-item mt-0 dropdown-toggle dropdown-item" role="menuitem" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" id="solutions-capital-menu" onclick="mainNavClick(this, 2)" data-elabel="Capital"> <div class="menu-panel-px"> <span class="menu-item__heading heading-4 underline-on-hover"> Capital<span class="menu-item__arrow material-symbols-outlined" aria-hidden="true">arrow_forward_ios</span></span> </div> <p class="menu-item__description menu-panel-px font-p-small">More than ever, making the most of your capital means solving a complex risk-and-return equation.</p> </a>  <div class="dropdown-menu tertiary-menu offset-lg-4 col-lg-4 p-0 my-0"> <button class="menu-panel__back menu-panel-px heading-5 mb-0 py-3 w-100 text-left d-lg-none mb-4" role="menuitem"> <span class="material-symbols-outlined" aria-hidden="true">arrow_left</span> Capital </button> <ul class="tertiary-menu-list px-0 menu-panel-py" role="menu" aria-labelledby="solutions-capital-menu"> <li class="menu-panel-px mb-5"> <a href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/capital" class="arrow-link align-items-center dropdown-item" onclick="mainNavClick(this,3)" data-elabel="View all"> <span class="mb-0">View all</span> <span class="material-symbols-outlined" aria-hidden="true">arrow_forward</span> </a> </li> <li class="menu-panel-px menu-item menu-item--link my-3 py-0" role="none"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/solutions/credit-political-risk-and-terrorism" onclick="mainNavClick(this,3)" data-elabel="Credit and Political Risk" role="menuitem">Credit and Political Risk</a> </li> <li class="menu-panel-px menu-item menu-item--link my-3 py-0" role="none"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/solutions/cyber-risk-management-and-insurance" onclick="mainNavClick(this,3)" data-elabel="Cyber Risk Management and Insurance" role="menuitem">Cyber Risk Management and Insurance</a> </li> <li class="menu-panel-px menu-item menu-item--link my-3 py-0" role="none"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/solutions/esg-and-sustainability" onclick="mainNavClick(this,3)" data-elabel="ESG and Sustainability" role="menuitem">ESG and Sustainability</a> </li> <li class="menu-panel-px menu-item menu-item--link my-3 py-0" role="none"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/solutions/insurance-consulting-and-technology" onclick="mainNavClick(this,3)" data-elabel="Insurance Consulting and Technology" role="menuitem">Insurance Consulting and Technology</a> </li> <li class="menu-panel-px menu-item menu-item--link my-3 py-0" role="none"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/solutions/investments" onclick="mainNavClick(this,3)" data-elabel="Investments" role="menuitem">Investments</a> </li> <li class="menu-panel-px menu-item menu-item--link my-3 py-0" role="none"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/solutions/mergers-and-acquisitions" onclick="mainNavClick(this,3)" data-elabel="Mergers and Acquisitions" role="menuitem">Mergers and Acquisitions</a> </li> </ul> </div> </li> <li role="none"> <a href="#" class="menu-item mt-0 dropdown-toggle dropdown-item" role="menuitem" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" id="solutions-by-industries-menu" onclick="mainNavClick(this, 2)" data-elabel="By Industries"> <div class="menu-panel-px"> <span class="menu-item__heading heading-4 underline-on-hover"> By Industries<span class="menu-item__arrow material-symbols-outlined" aria-hidden="true">arrow_forward_ios</span></span> </div> <p class="menu-item__description menu-panel-px font-p-small">Clients depend on us for specialized industry expertise.</p> </a>  <div class="dropdown-menu tertiary-menu offset-lg-4 col-lg-4 p-0 my-0"> <button class="menu-panel__back menu-panel-px heading-5 mb-0 py-3 w-100 text-left d-lg-none mb-4" role="menuitem"> <span class="material-symbols-outlined" aria-hidden="true">arrow_left</span> By Industries </button> <ul class="tertiary-menu-list px-0 menu-panel-py" role="menu" aria-labelledby="solutions-by-industries-menu"> <li class="menu-panel-px menu-item menu-item--link my-3 py-0" role="none"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/industries/financial-institutions" onclick="mainNavClick(this,3)" data-elabel="Financial Institutions" role="menuitem">Financial Institutions</a> </li> <li class="menu-panel-px menu-item menu-item--link my-3 py-0" role="none"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/industries/health-care" onclick="mainNavClick(this,3)" data-elabel="Healthcare" role="menuitem">Healthcare</a> </li> <li class="menu-panel-px menu-item menu-item--link my-3 py-0" role="none"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/industries/insurance" onclick="mainNavClick(this,3)" data-elabel="Insurance" role="menuitem">Insurance</a> </li> <li class="menu-panel-px menu-item menu-item--link my-3 py-0" role="none"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/industries/manufacturing" onclick="mainNavClick(this,3)" data-elabel="Manufacturing" role="menuitem">Manufacturing</a> </li> <li class="menu-panel-px menu-item menu-item--link my-3 py-0" role="none"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/industries/natural-resources" onclick="mainNavClick(this,3)" data-elabel="Natural Resources" role="menuitem">Natural Resources</a> </li> <li class="menu-panel-px menu-item menu-item--link my-3 py-0" role="none"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/industries/professional-services-practice" onclick="mainNavClick(this,3)" data-elabel="Professional Services Practice" role="menuitem">Professional Services Practice</a> </li> <li class="menu-panel-px menu-item menu-item--link my-3 py-0" role="none"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/industries/public-sector-and-higher-education" onclick="mainNavClick(this,3)" data-elabel="Public Sector and Education" role="menuitem">Public Sector and Education</a> </li> <li class="menu-panel-px menu-item menu-item--link my-3 py-0" role="none"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/industries/real-estate" onclick="mainNavClick(this,3)" data-elabel="Real Estate" role="menuitem">Real Estate</a> </li> <li class="menu-panel-px menu-item menu-item--link my-3 py-0" role="none"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/industries/sports-and-entertainment" onclick="mainNavClick(this,3)" data-elabel="Sports and Entertainment" role="menuitem">Sports and Entertainment</a> </li> <li class="menu-panel-px menu-item menu-item--link my-3 py-0" role="none"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/industries/technology-media-and-telecommunications" onclick="mainNavClick(this,3)" data-elabel="Technology, Media and Telecommunications" role="menuitem">Technology, Media and Telecommunications</a> </li> <li class="menu-panel-px menu-item menu-item--link my-3 py-0" role="none"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/industries/transportation-and-logistics" onclick="mainNavClick(this,3)" data-elabel="Transportation and Logistics" role="menuitem">Transportation and Logistics</a> </li> </ul> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </li> <li class="nav-item dropdown" role="none"> <button type="button" class="btn dropdown-toggle menu-item menu-panel-px mt-0" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" role="menuitem" id="insights-menu" onclick="mainNavClick(this, 1)" data-elabel="Insights"> <span class="menu-item__heading heading-4 underline-on-hover">Insights<span class="menu-item__arrow material-symbols-outlined" aria-hidden="true">arrow_forward_ios</span></span> </button>  <div class="dropdown-menu secondary-menu offset-lg-4 col-lg-4 p-0 my-0"> <button class="menu-panel__back menu-panel-px heading-5 mb-0 py-3 w-100 text-left d-lg-none mb-4" role="menuitem"> <span class="material-symbols-outlined" aria-hidden="true">arrow_left</span> Insights </button> <ul class="secondary-menu-list px-0 menu-panel-py h-100" aria-labelledby="insights-menu" role="menu"> <li role="none"> <div class="menu-item mt-0 menu-panel-px"> <a href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/insights/all-insights" class="heading-4 underline-on-hover dropdown-item" data-placement="right" data-toggle="popover" role="menuitem" onclick="mainNavClick(this, 2)" data-elabel="All Insights" data-image="https://media.wtwco.com/-/media/WTW/Navigation/Falcultative-navpanel-629710097.jpg?modified=20190211211300&imgeng=meta_true"> All Insights </a> </div> </li> <li role="none"> <a href="#" class="menu-item mt-0 dropdown-toggle dropdown-item" role="menuitem" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" id="insights-trending-topics-menu" onclick="mainNavClick(this, 2)" data-elabel="Trending Topics"> <div class="menu-panel-px"> <span class="menu-item__heading heading-4 underline-on-hover"> Trending Topics<span class="menu-item__arrow material-symbols-outlined" aria-hidden="true">arrow_forward_ios</span></span> </div> </a>  <div class="dropdown-menu tertiary-menu offset-lg-4 col-lg-4 p-0 my-0"> <button class="menu-panel__back menu-panel-px heading-5 mb-0 py-3 w-100 text-left d-lg-none mb-4" role="menuitem"> <span class="material-symbols-outlined" aria-hidden="true">arrow_left</span> Trending Topics </button> <ul class="tertiary-menu-list px-0 menu-panel-py" role="menu" aria-labelledby="insights-trending-topics-menu"> <li class="menu-panel-px menu-item menu-item--link my-3 py-0" role="none"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/insights/trending-topics/artificial-intelligence" onclick="mainNavClick(this,3)" data-elabel="Artificial Intelligence" role="menuitem">Artificial Intelligence</a> </li> <li class="menu-panel-px menu-item menu-item--link my-3 py-0" role="none"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/insights/trending-topics/climate-change" onclick="mainNavClick(this,3)" data-elabel="Climate Change" role="menuitem">Climate Change</a> </li> <li class="menu-panel-px menu-item menu-item--link my-3 py-0" role="none"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/insights/trending-topics/esg-in-sight" onclick="mainNavClick(this,3)" data-elabel="ESG In Sight" role="menuitem">ESG In Sight</a> </li> <li class="menu-panel-px menu-item menu-item--link my-3 py-0" role="none"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/insights/campaigns/finance-and-process-transformation" onclick="mainNavClick(this,3)" data-elabel="Finance and Process Transformation" role="menuitem">Finance and Process Transformation</a> </li> <li class="menu-panel-px menu-item menu-item--link my-3 py-0" role="none"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/insights/trending-topics/the-future-of-work" onclick="mainNavClick(this,3)" data-elabel="Future of Work" role="menuitem">Future of Work</a> </li> <li class="menu-panel-px menu-item menu-item--link my-3 py-0" role="none"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/insights/trending-topics/geopolitical-risk" onclick="mainNavClick(this,3)" data-elabel="Geopolitical Risk" role="menuitem">Geopolitical Risk</a> </li> <li class="menu-panel-px menu-item menu-item--link my-3 py-0" role="none"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/insights/trending-topics/ifrs-17-solutions" onclick="mainNavClick(this,3)" data-elabel="IFRS 17 Solutions" role="menuitem">IFRS 17 Solutions</a> </li> <li class="menu-panel-px menu-item menu-item--link my-3 py-0" role="none"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/insights/trending-topics/insurtech" onclick="mainNavClick(this,3)" data-elabel="InsurTech" role="menuitem">InsurTech</a> </li> <li class="menu-panel-px menu-item menu-item--link my-3 py-0" role="none"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/insights/trending-topics/modernising-benefits" onclick="mainNavClick(this,3)" data-elabel="Modernising Benefits" role="menuitem">Modernising Benefits</a> </li> </ul> </div> </li> <li role="none"> <a href="#" class="menu-item mt-0 dropdown-toggle dropdown-item" role="menuitem" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" id="insights-research-programs-and-collaborations-menu" onclick="mainNavClick(this, 2)" data-elabel="Research Programs and Collaborations"> <div class="menu-panel-px"> <span class="menu-item__heading heading-4 underline-on-hover"> Research Programs and Collaborations<span class="menu-item__arrow material-symbols-outlined" aria-hidden="true">arrow_forward_ios</span></span> </div> </a>  <div class="dropdown-menu tertiary-menu offset-lg-4 col-lg-4 p-0 my-0"> <button class="menu-panel__back menu-panel-px heading-5 mb-0 py-3 w-100 text-left d-lg-none mb-4" role="menuitem"> <span class="material-symbols-outlined" aria-hidden="true">arrow_left</span> Research Programs and Collaborations </button> <ul class="tertiary-menu-list px-0 menu-panel-py" role="menu" aria-labelledby="insights-research-programs-and-collaborations-menu"> <li class="menu-panel-px menu-item menu-item--link my-3 py-0" role="none"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/insights/research-programs-and-collaborations/thinking-ahead-institute" onclick="mainNavClick(this,3)" data-elabel="Thinking Ahead Institute" role="menuitem">Thinking Ahead Institute</a> </li> <li class="menu-panel-px menu-item menu-item--link my-3 py-0" role="none"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/insights/research-programs-and-collaborations/wtw-research-network" onclick="mainNavClick(this,3)" data-elabel="WTW Research Network" role="menuitem">WTW Research Network</a> </li> </ul> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </li> </ul> <a href="#" onclick="focusOnFirstMenu(this)" class="end-of-menu sr-only d-none d-lg-block">End of main navigation menu. Click to return to the beginning of the menu or press escape to close.</a>  <div class="mobile-utility-nav menu-item menu-panel-px d-md-none m-0 py-0"> <ul class="menu-utils m-0"> <li class="menu-util"> <a href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/news/all-news" data-cdlabel="News" onclick="linkClick(this);" data-selabel="Utility Nav" class="heading-5 wtw-digital-black" data-cilabel="/sitecore/content/WTW/news/all-news" data-ewlabel="Utility Nav" data-etlabel="header_navigation" >News</a> </li> <li class="menu-util"> <a href="https://investors.wtwco.com" data-cdlabel="Investor Relations" rel="noopener noreferrer" onclick="linkClick(this);" data-selabel="Utility Nav" class="heading-5 wtw-digital-black" data-cilabel="https://investors.wtwco.com" data-ewlabel="Utility Nav" data-etlabel="header_navigation" target="_blank" >Investor Relations</a> </li> <li class="menu-util"> <a href="https://careers.wtwco.com" data-cdlabel="Careers" rel="noopener noreferrer" onclick="linkClick(this);" data-selabel="Utility Nav" class="heading-5 wtw-digital-black" data-cilabel="https://careers.wtwco.com" data-ewlabel="Utility Nav" data-etlabel="header_navigation" target="_blank" >Careers</a> </li> </ul> </div>  <div class="country-selector-container menu-item m-0 d-md-none"> <button class="font-p menu-item menu-panel-px d-md-none" onclick="linkClick(this);" data-etlabel="internal_link_click" data-selabel="Location Selector" data-ewlabel="Country Selector Open" data-cdlabel="Country Selector Open" data-cilabel="/sitecore/content/WTW/insights/2022/07/spain-new-tax-incentives-sectoral-pension-and-funding-options" data-menu="country-selector--is-visible" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="country-selector"> <span class="material-symbols-outlined" aria-hidden="true">language</span> <strong>TH</strong> | EN <span class="menu-item__arrow material-symbols-outlined" aria-hidden="true">arrow_right</span> </button> </div> <script type="text/javascript"> function focusOnFirstMenu(e) { var ele = $(".primary-menu").find("button:first")[0]; ele.focus(); e.preventDefault(); } </script> <div class="country-selector" id="country-selector"> <div class="d-none d-md-flex w-100 justify-content-between site-nav__utility"> <div class=""> <button type="button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="country-selector" class="font-p font-p-small site-nav__utility-btn" data-menu="country-selector--is-visible" onclick="linkClick(this);" data-etlabel="internal_link_click" data-selabel="Location Selector" data-ewlabel="Country Selector Close" data-cdlabel="Country Selector Close" data-cilabel="/sitecore/content/WTW/insights/2022/07/spain-new-tax-incentives-sectoral-pension-and-funding-options" aria-label="Choose your location and preferred language. Current location and language selection is Thailand English"> <span class="material-symbols-outlined" aria-hidden="true">language</span> <strong>TH</strong> | EN <span class="material-symbols-outlined" aria-hidden="true">expand_more</span> </button> </div> </div> <div class="d-block d-md-none country-selector__breadcrumb-nav"> <button type="button" aria-controls="country-selector" class="btn font-p font-p-large" data-menu-back="true" onclick="linkClick(this);" data-etlabel="internal_link_click" data-selabel="Location Selector" data-ewlabel="Country Selector Close" data-cdlabel="Country Selector Close" data-cilabel="/sitecore/content/WTW/insights/2022/07/spain-new-tax-incentives-sectoral-pension-and-funding-options"> <span class="material-symbols-outlined" aria-hidden="true">arrow_left</span> <span class="material-symbols-outlined" aria-hidden="true">language</span> <strong>TH</strong> | EN </button> </div> <div class="country-selector__container pt-3"> <div class="container"> <div class="row justify-content-md-center"> <div class="col-12 col-lg-10"> <button type="button" aria-controls="country-selector" onclick="linkClick(this);" data-etlabel="internal_link_click" data-selabel="Location Selector" data-ewlabel="Country Selector Close" data-cdlabel="X" data-cilabel="/sitecore/content/WTW/insights/2022/07/spain-new-tax-incentives-sectoral-pension-and-funding-options" data-menu-close="true" class="material-symbols-outlined d-none d-md-block btn-close" aria-label="Click to close the location selector"> close </button> <h2 class="mb-4 my-md-5 heading-1">Choose your location</h2> <h5 class="mb-3">Select the location and the language that you prefer</h5> <div class="accordion country-selector__accordion" id="country-accordion"> <div class="country-selector__accordion-item"> <button class="collapsed btn heading-4 container country-selector__accordion-btn" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#region0" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="region0" id="region-0" aria-label="Accordion menu, Americas locations, click to expand / collapse the list of websites and languages available" data-etlabel="internal_link_click" data-selabel="Location Selector" data-ewlabel="Choose your location" data-cdlabel="Americas" data-cilabel="/sitecore/content/WTW/insights/2022/07/spain-new-tax-incentives-sectoral-pension-and-funding-options" data-ctlabel="Region Open" onclick="if ($(this).hasClass('collapsed')) { $(this).data('ctlabel', 'Region Open') } else { $(this).data('ctlabel', 'Region Close') } linkClick(this);"> <span class="row align-items-center"> <span class="col-12 col-md-9 text-left">Americas</span> </span> <span class="material-symbols-outlined country-selector__icon" aria-hidden="true">arrow_drop_down</span> </button> <div id="region0" class="container collapse" aria-labelledby="region-0" data-parent="#country-accordion"> <div class="row table-responsive"> <table class="col col-12 table"> <caption> List of website locations and languages available in Americas </caption> <thead> <tr> <th scope="col">Location</th> <th scope="col">Languages Available</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td class="heading-6 align-text-top">Argentina </td> <td> <ul class="text-left p-0 m-0"> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/es-ar' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson Argentina website in Spanish, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="Argentina" data-current_language="Spanish" data-menu_text="Argentina | Spanish" onclick="switchLanguage('/es-ar','/es-ar', this); return false;"> Spanish</a> </li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="heading-6 align-text-top">Bermuda </td> <td> <ul class="text-left p-0 m-0"> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/en-bm' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson Bermuda website in English, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="Bermuda" data-current_language="English" data-menu_text="Bermuda | English" onclick="switchLanguage('/en-bm','/en-bm', this); return false;"> English</a> </li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="heading-6 align-text-top">Brazil </td> <td> <ul class="text-left p-0 m-0"> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/pt-br' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson Brazil website in Portuguese, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="Brazil" data-current_language="Portuguese" data-menu_text="Brazil | Portuguese" onclick="switchLanguage('/pt-br','/pt-br', this); return false;"> Portuguese</a> </li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="heading-6 align-text-top">Canada </td> <td> <ul class="text-left p-0 m-0"> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/en-ca' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson Canada website in English, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="Canada" data-current_language="English" data-menu_text="Canada | English" onclick="switchLanguage('/en-ca','/en-ca', this); return false;"> English</a> </li> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/fr-ca' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson Canada website in French, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="Canada" data-current_language="French" data-menu_text="Canada | French" onclick="switchLanguage('/fr-ca','/fr-ca', this); return false;"> French</a> </li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="heading-6 align-text-top">Chile </td> <td> <ul class="text-left p-0 m-0"> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/es-cl' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson Chile website in Spanish, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="Chile" data-current_language="Spanish" data-menu_text="Chile | Spanish" onclick="switchLanguage('/es-cl','/es-cl', this); return false;"> Spanish</a> </li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="heading-6 align-text-top">Colombia </td> <td> <ul class="text-left p-0 m-0"> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/es-co' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson Colombia website in Spanish, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="Colombia" data-current_language="Spanish" data-menu_text="Colombia | Spanish" onclick="switchLanguage('/es-co','/es-co', this); return false;"> Spanish</a> </li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="heading-6 align-text-top">Costa Rica </td> <td> <ul class="text-left p-0 m-0"> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/es-cr' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson Costa Rica website in Spanish, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="Costa Rica" data-current_language="Spanish" data-menu_text="Costa Rica | Spanish" onclick="switchLanguage('/es-cr','/es-cr', this); return false;"> Spanish</a> </li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="heading-6 align-text-top">El Salvador </td> <td> <ul class="text-left p-0 m-0"> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/es-sv' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson El Salvador website in Spanish, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="El Salvador" data-current_language="Spanish" data-menu_text="El Salvador | Spanish" onclick="switchLanguage('/es-sv','/es-sv', this); return false;"> Spanish</a> </li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="heading-6 align-text-top">Guatemala </td> <td> <ul class="text-left p-0 m-0"> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/es-gt' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson Guatemala website in Spanish, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="Guatemala" data-current_language="Spanish" data-menu_text="Guatemala | Spanish" onclick="switchLanguage('/es-gt','/es-gt', this); return false;"> Spanish</a> </li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="heading-6 align-text-top">Honduras </td> <td> <ul class="text-left p-0 m-0"> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/es-hn' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson Honduras website in Spanish, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="Honduras" data-current_language="Spanish" data-menu_text="Honduras | Spanish" onclick="switchLanguage('/es-hn','/es-hn', this); return false;"> Spanish</a> </li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="heading-6 align-text-top">Mexico </td> <td> <ul class="text-left p-0 m-0"> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/es-mx' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson Mexico website in Spanish, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="Mexico" data-current_language="Spanish" data-menu_text="Mexico | Spanish" onclick="switchLanguage('/es-mx','/es-mx', this); return false;"> Spanish</a> </li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="heading-6 align-text-top">Nicaragua </td> <td> <ul class="text-left p-0 m-0"> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/es-ni' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson Nicaragua website in Spanish, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="Nicaragua" data-current_language="Spanish" data-menu_text="Nicaragua | Spanish" onclick="switchLanguage('/es-ni','/es-ni', this); return false;"> Spanish</a> </li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="heading-6 align-text-top">Panama </td> <td> <ul class="text-left p-0 m-0"> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/es-pa' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson Panama website in Spanish, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="Panama" data-current_language="Spanish" data-menu_text="Panama | Spanish" onclick="switchLanguage('/es-pa','/es-pa', this); return false;"> Spanish</a> </li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="heading-6 align-text-top">Peru </td> <td> <ul class="text-left p-0 m-0"> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/es-pe' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson Peru website in Spanish, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="Peru" data-current_language="Spanish" data-menu_text="Peru | Spanish" onclick="switchLanguage('/es-pe','/es-pe', this); return false;"> Spanish</a> </li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="heading-6 align-text-top">United States </td> <td> <ul class="text-left p-0 m-0"> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/en-us' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson United States website in English, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="United States" data-current_language="English" data-menu_text="United States | English" onclick="switchLanguage('/en-us','/en-us', this); return false;"> English</a> </li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="heading-6 align-text-top">Venezuela </td> <td> <ul class="text-left p-0 m-0"> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/es-ve' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson Venezuela website in Spanish, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="Venezuela" data-current_language="Spanish" data-menu_text="Venezuela | Spanish" onclick="switchLanguage('/es-ve','/es-ve', this); return false;"> Spanish</a> </li> </ul> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> </div> <div class="country-selector__accordion-item"> <button class="collapsed btn heading-4 container country-selector__accordion-btn" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#region1" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="region1" id="region-1" aria-label="Accordion menu, Asia-Pacific locations, click to expand / collapse the list of websites and languages available" data-etlabel="internal_link_click" data-selabel="Location Selector" data-ewlabel="Choose your location" data-cdlabel="Asia-Pacific" data-cilabel="/sitecore/content/WTW/insights/2022/07/spain-new-tax-incentives-sectoral-pension-and-funding-options" data-ctlabel="Region Open" onclick="if ($(this).hasClass('collapsed')) { $(this).data('ctlabel', 'Region Open') } else { $(this).data('ctlabel', 'Region Close') } linkClick(this);"> <span class="row align-items-center"> <span class="col-12 col-md-9 text-left">Asia-Pacific</span> </span> <span class="material-symbols-outlined country-selector__icon" aria-hidden="true">arrow_drop_down</span> </button> <div id="region1" class="container collapse" aria-labelledby="region-1" data-parent="#country-accordion"> <div class="row table-responsive"> <table class="col col-12 table"> <caption> List of website locations and languages available in Asia-Pacific </caption> <thead> <tr> <th scope="col">Location</th> <th scope="col">Languages Available</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td class="heading-6 align-text-top">Australia </td> <td> <ul class="text-left p-0 m-0"> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/en-au' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson Australia website in English, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="Australia" data-current_language="English" data-menu_text="Australia | English" onclick="switchLanguage('/en-au','/en-au', this); return false;"> English</a> </li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="heading-6 align-text-top">China </td> <td> <ul class="text-left p-0 m-0"> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='https://www.wtwco.cn/zh-cn' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson China website in Simplified Chinese, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="China" data-current_language="Simplified Chinese" data-menu_text="China | Simplified Chinese" onclick="switchLanguage('/zh-cn','https://www.wtwco.cn/zh-cn', this); return false;"> Simplified Chinese</a> </li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="heading-6 align-text-top">Hong Kong (China, SAR) </td> <td> <ul class="text-left p-0 m-0"> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/en-hk' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson Hong Kong (China, SAR) website in English, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="Hong Kong (China, SAR)" data-current_language="English" data-menu_text="Hong Kong (China, SAR) | English" onclick="switchLanguage('/en-hk','/en-hk', this); return false;"> English</a> </li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="heading-6 align-text-top">India </td> <td> <ul class="text-left p-0 m-0"> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/en-in' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson India website in English, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="India" data-current_language="English" data-menu_text="India | English" onclick="switchLanguage('/en-in','/en-in', this); return false;"> English</a> </li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="heading-6 align-text-top">Indonesia </td> <td> <ul class="text-left p-0 m-0"> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/en-id' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson Indonesia website in English, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="Indonesia" data-current_language="English" data-menu_text="Indonesia | English" onclick="switchLanguage('/en-id','/en-id', this); return false;"> English</a> </li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="heading-6 align-text-top">Japan </td> <td> <ul class="text-left p-0 m-0"> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/ja-jp' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson Japan website in Japanese, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="Japan" data-current_language="Japanese" data-menu_text="Japan | Japanese" onclick="switchLanguage('/ja-jp','/ja-jp', this); return false;"> Japanese</a> </li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="heading-6 align-text-top">Korea </td> <td> <ul class="text-left p-0 m-0"> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/ko-kr' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson Korea website in Korean, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="Korea" data-current_language="Korean" data-menu_text="Korea | Korean" onclick="switchLanguage('/ko-kr','/ko-kr', this); return false;"> Korean</a> </li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="heading-6 align-text-top">Malaysia </td> <td> <ul class="text-left p-0 m-0"> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/en-my' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson Malaysia website in English, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="Malaysia" data-current_language="English" data-menu_text="Malaysia | English" onclick="switchLanguage('/en-my','/en-my', this); return false;"> English</a> </li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="heading-6 align-text-top">New Zealand </td> <td> <ul class="text-left p-0 m-0"> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/en-nz' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson New Zealand website in English, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="New Zealand" data-current_language="English" data-menu_text="New Zealand | English" onclick="switchLanguage('/en-nz','/en-nz', this); return false;"> English</a> </li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="heading-6 align-text-top">Philippines </td> <td> <ul class="text-left p-0 m-0"> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/en-ph' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson Philippines website in English, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="Philippines" data-current_language="English" data-menu_text="Philippines | English" onclick="switchLanguage('/en-ph','/en-ph', this); return false;"> English</a> </li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="heading-6 align-text-top">Singapore </td> <td> <ul class="text-left p-0 m-0"> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/en-sg' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson Singapore website in English, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="Singapore" data-current_language="English" data-menu_text="Singapore | English" onclick="switchLanguage('/en-sg','/en-sg', this); return false;"> English</a> </li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="heading-6 align-text-top">Taiwan </td> <td> <ul class="text-left p-0 m-0"> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/zh-tw' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson Taiwan website in Traditional Chinese, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="Taiwan" data-current_language="Traditional Chinese" data-menu_text="Taiwan | Traditional Chinese" onclick="switchLanguage('/zh-tw','/zh-tw', this); return false;"> Traditional Chinese</a> </li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="heading-6 align-text-top">Thailand </td> <td> <ul class="text-left p-0 m-0"> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/en-th' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson Thailand website in English, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="Thailand" data-current_language="English" data-menu_text="Thailand | English" onclick="switchLanguage('/en-th','/en-th', this); return false;"> English</a> </li> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/th-th' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson Thailand website in Thai, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="Thailand" data-current_language="Thai" data-menu_text="Thailand | Thai" onclick="switchLanguage('/th-th','/th-th', this); return false;"> Thai</a> </li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="heading-6 align-text-top">Vietnam </td> <td> <ul class="text-left p-0 m-0"> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/en-vn' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson Vietnam website in English, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="Vietnam" data-current_language="English" data-menu_text="Vietnam | English" onclick="switchLanguage('/en-vn','/en-vn', this); return false;"> English</a> </li> </ul> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> </div> <div class="country-selector__accordion-item"> <button class="collapsed btn heading-4 container country-selector__accordion-btn" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#region2" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="region2" id="region-2" aria-label="Accordion menu, Europe locations, click to expand / collapse the list of websites and languages available" data-etlabel="internal_link_click" data-selabel="Location Selector" data-ewlabel="Choose your location" data-cdlabel="Europe" data-cilabel="/sitecore/content/WTW/insights/2022/07/spain-new-tax-incentives-sectoral-pension-and-funding-options" data-ctlabel="Region Open" onclick="if ($(this).hasClass('collapsed')) { $(this).data('ctlabel', 'Region Open') } else { $(this).data('ctlabel', 'Region Close') } linkClick(this);"> <span class="row align-items-center"> <span class="col-12 col-md-9 text-left">Europe</span> </span> <span class="material-symbols-outlined country-selector__icon" aria-hidden="true">arrow_drop_down</span> </button> <div id="region2" class="container collapse" aria-labelledby="region-2" data-parent="#country-accordion"> <div class="row table-responsive"> <table class="col col-12 table"> <caption> List of website locations and languages available in Europe </caption> <thead> <tr> <th scope="col">Location</th> <th scope="col">Languages Available</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td class="heading-6 align-text-top">Austria </td> <td> <ul class="text-left p-0 m-0"> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/de-at' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson Austria website in German, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="Austria" data-current_language="German" data-menu_text="Austria | German" onclick="switchLanguage('/de-at','/de-at', this); return false;"> German</a> </li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="heading-6 align-text-top">Belgium </td> <td> <ul class="text-left p-0 m-0"> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/en-be' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson Belgium website in English, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="Belgium" data-current_language="English" data-menu_text="Belgium | English" onclick="switchLanguage('/en-be','/en-be', this); return false;"> English</a> </li> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/fr-be' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson Belgium website in French, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="Belgium" data-current_language="French" data-menu_text="Belgium | French" onclick="switchLanguage('/fr-be','/fr-be', this); return false;"> French</a> </li> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/nl-be' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson Belgium website in Flemish, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="Belgium" data-current_language="Flemish" data-menu_text="Belgium | Flemish" onclick="switchLanguage('/nl-be','/nl-be', this); return false;"> Flemish</a> </li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="heading-6 align-text-top">Croatia </td> <td> <ul class="text-left p-0 m-0"> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/en-hr' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson Croatia website in English, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="Croatia" data-current_language="English" data-menu_text="Croatia | English" onclick="switchLanguage('/en-hr','/en-hr', this); return false;"> English</a> </li> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/hr-hr' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson Croatia website in Croatian, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="Croatia" data-current_language="Croatian" data-menu_text="Croatia | Croatian" onclick="switchLanguage('/hr-hr','/hr-hr', this); return false;"> Croatian</a> </li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="heading-6 align-text-top">Czech Republic </td> <td> <ul class="text-left p-0 m-0"> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/en-cz' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson Czech Republic website in English, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="Czech Republic" data-current_language="English" data-menu_text="Czech Republic | English" onclick="switchLanguage('/en-cz','/en-cz', this); return false;"> English</a> </li> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/cs-cz' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson Czech Republic website in Czech, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="Czech Republic" data-current_language="Czech" data-menu_text="Czech Republic | Czech" onclick="switchLanguage('/cs-cz','/cs-cz', this); return false;"> Czech</a> </li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="heading-6 align-text-top">Denmark </td> <td> <ul class="text-left p-0 m-0"> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/da-dk' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson Denmark website in Danish, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="Denmark" data-current_language="Danish" data-menu_text="Denmark | Danish" onclick="switchLanguage('/da-dk','/da-dk', this); return false;"> Danish</a> </li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="heading-6 align-text-top">Finland </td> <td> <ul class="text-left p-0 m-0"> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/fi-fi' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson Finland website in Finnish, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="Finland" data-current_language="Finnish" data-menu_text="Finland | Finnish" onclick="switchLanguage('/fi-fi','/fi-fi', this); return false;"> Finnish</a> </li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="heading-6 align-text-top">France </td> <td> <ul class="text-left p-0 m-0"> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/fr-fr' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson France website in French, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="France" data-current_language="French" data-menu_text="France | French" onclick="switchLanguage('/fr-fr','/fr-fr', this); return false;"> French</a> </li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="heading-6 align-text-top">Germany </td> <td> <ul class="text-left p-0 m-0"> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/de-de' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson Germany website in German, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="Germany" data-current_language="German" data-menu_text="Germany | German" onclick="switchLanguage('/de-de','/de-de', this); return false;"> German</a> </li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="heading-6 align-text-top">Greece </td> <td> <ul class="text-left p-0 m-0"> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/el-gr' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson Greece website in Greek, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="Greece" data-current_language="Greek" data-menu_text="Greece | Greek" onclick="switchLanguage('/el-gr','/el-gr', this); return false;"> Greek</a> </li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="heading-6 align-text-top">Hungary </td> <td> <ul class="text-left p-0 m-0"> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/hu-hu' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson Hungary website in Hungarian, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="Hungary" data-current_language="Hungarian" data-menu_text="Hungary | Hungarian" onclick="switchLanguage('/hu-hu','/hu-hu', this); return false;"> Hungarian</a> </li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="heading-6 align-text-top">Ireland </td> <td> <ul class="text-left p-0 m-0"> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/en-ie' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson Ireland website in English, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="Ireland" data-current_language="English" data-menu_text="Ireland | English" onclick="switchLanguage('/en-ie','/en-ie', this); return false;"> English</a> </li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="heading-6 align-text-top">Italy </td> <td> <ul class="text-left p-0 m-0"> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/it-it' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson Italy website in Italian, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="Italy" data-current_language="Italian" data-menu_text="Italy | Italian" onclick="switchLanguage('/it-it','/it-it', this); return false;"> Italian</a> </li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="heading-6 align-text-top">Kazakhstan </td> <td> <ul class="text-left p-0 m-0"> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/kk-kz' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson Kazakhstan website in Kazakh, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="Kazakhstan" data-current_language="Kazakh" data-menu_text="Kazakhstan | Kazakh" onclick="switchLanguage('/kk-kz','/kk-kz', this); return false;"> Kazakh</a> </li> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/ru-kz' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson Kazakhstan website in Russian, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="Kazakhstan" data-current_language="Russian" data-menu_text="Kazakhstan | Russian" onclick="switchLanguage('/ru-kz','/ru-kz', this); return false;"> Russian</a> </li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="heading-6 align-text-top">Luxembourg </td> <td> <ul class="text-left p-0 m-0"> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/fr-lu' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson Luxembourg website in French, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="Luxembourg" data-current_language="French" data-menu_text="Luxembourg | French" onclick="switchLanguage('/fr-lu','/fr-lu', this); return false;"> French</a> </li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="heading-6 align-text-top">Netherlands </td> <td> <ul class="text-left p-0 m-0"> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/nl-nl' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson Netherlands website in Dutch, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="Netherlands" data-current_language="Dutch" data-menu_text="Netherlands | Dutch" onclick="switchLanguage('/nl-nl','/nl-nl', this); return false;"> Dutch</a> </li> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/en-nl' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson Netherlands website in English, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="Netherlands" data-current_language="English" data-menu_text="Netherlands | English" onclick="switchLanguage('/en-nl','/en-nl', this); return false;"> English</a> </li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="heading-6 align-text-top">Norway </td> <td> <ul class="text-left p-0 m-0"> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/nn-no' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson Norway website in Norwegian, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="Norway" data-current_language="Norwegian" data-menu_text="Norway | Norwegian" onclick="switchLanguage('/nn-no','/nn-no', this); return false;"> Norwegian</a> </li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="heading-6 align-text-top">Poland </td> <td> <ul class="text-left p-0 m-0"> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/pl-pl' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson Poland website in Polish, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="Poland" data-current_language="Polish" data-menu_text="Poland | Polish" onclick="switchLanguage('/pl-pl','/pl-pl', this); return false;"> Polish</a> </li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="heading-6 align-text-top">Portugal </td> <td> <ul class="text-left p-0 m-0"> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/pt-pt' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson Portugal website in Portuguese, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="Portugal" data-current_language="Portuguese" data-menu_text="Portugal | Portuguese" onclick="switchLanguage('/pt-pt','/pt-pt', this); return false;"> Portuguese</a> </li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="heading-6 align-text-top">Romania </td> <td> <ul class="text-left p-0 m-0"> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/ro-ro' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson Romania website in Romanian, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="Romania" data-current_language="Romanian" data-menu_text="Romania | Romanian" onclick="switchLanguage('/ro-ro','/ro-ro', this); return false;"> Romanian</a> </li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="heading-6 align-text-top">Serbia </td> <td> <ul class="text-left p-0 m-0"> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/sr-rs' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson Serbia website in Serbian, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="Serbia" data-current_language="Serbian" data-menu_text="Serbia | Serbian" onclick="switchLanguage('/sr-rs','/sr-rs', this); return false;"> Serbian</a> </li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="heading-6 align-text-top">Slovakia </td> <td> <ul class="text-left p-0 m-0"> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/sk-sk' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson Slovakia website in Slovak, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="Slovakia" data-current_language="Slovak" data-menu_text="Slovakia | Slovak" onclick="switchLanguage('/sk-sk','/sk-sk', this); return false;"> Slovak</a> </li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="heading-6 align-text-top">Spain </td> <td> <ul class="text-left p-0 m-0"> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/es-es' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson Spain website in Spanish, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="Spain" data-current_language="Spanish" data-menu_text="Spain | Spanish" onclick="switchLanguage('/es-es','/es-es', this); return false;"> Spanish</a> </li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="heading-6 align-text-top">Sweden </td> <td> <ul class="text-left p-0 m-0"> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/en-se' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson Sweden website in English, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="Sweden" data-current_language="English" data-menu_text="Sweden | English" onclick="switchLanguage('/en-se','/en-se', this); return false;"> English</a> </li> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/sv-se' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson Sweden website in Swedish, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="Sweden" data-current_language="Swedish" data-menu_text="Sweden | Swedish" onclick="switchLanguage('/sv-se','/sv-se', this); return false;"> Swedish</a> </li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="heading-6 align-text-top">Switzerland </td> <td> <ul class="text-left p-0 m-0"> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/en-ch' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson Switzerland website in English, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="Switzerland" data-current_language="English" data-menu_text="Switzerland | English" onclick="switchLanguage('/en-ch','/en-ch', this); return false;"> English</a> </li> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/fr-ch' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson Switzerland website in French, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="Switzerland" data-current_language="French" data-menu_text="Switzerland | French" onclick="switchLanguage('/fr-ch','/fr-ch', this); return false;"> French</a> </li> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/de-ch' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson Switzerland website in German, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="Switzerland" data-current_language="German" data-menu_text="Switzerland | German" onclick="switchLanguage('/de-ch','/de-ch', this); return false;"> German</a> </li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="heading-6 align-text-top">Turkey </td> <td> <ul class="text-left p-0 m-0"> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/tr-tr' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson Turkey website in Turkish, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="Turkey" data-current_language="Turkish" data-menu_text="Turkey | Turkish" onclick="switchLanguage('/tr-tr','/tr-tr', this); return false;"> Turkish</a> </li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="heading-6 align-text-top">Ukraine </td> <td> <ul class="text-left p-0 m-0"> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/uk-ua' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson Ukraine website in Ukrainian, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="Ukraine" data-current_language="Ukrainian" data-menu_text="Ukraine | Ukrainian" onclick="switchLanguage('/uk-ua','/uk-ua', this); return false;"> Ukrainian</a> </li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="heading-6 align-text-top">United Kingdom </td> <td> <ul class="text-left p-0 m-0"> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/en-gb' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson United Kingdom website in English, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="United Kingdom" data-current_language="English" data-menu_text="United Kingdom | English" onclick="switchLanguage('/en-gb','/en-gb', this); return false;"> English</a> </li> </ul> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> </div> <div class="country-selector__accordion-item"> <button class="collapsed btn heading-4 container country-selector__accordion-btn" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#region3" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="region3" id="region-3" aria-label="Accordion menu, Middle East and Africa locations, click to expand / collapse the list of websites and languages available" data-etlabel="internal_link_click" data-selabel="Location Selector" data-ewlabel="Choose your location" data-cdlabel="Middle East and Africa" data-cilabel="/sitecore/content/WTW/insights/2022/07/spain-new-tax-incentives-sectoral-pension-and-funding-options" data-ctlabel="Region Open" onclick="if ($(this).hasClass('collapsed')) { $(this).data('ctlabel', 'Region Open') } else { $(this).data('ctlabel', 'Region Close') } linkClick(this);"> <span class="row align-items-center"> <span class="col-12 col-md-9 text-left">Middle East and Africa</span> </span> <span class="material-symbols-outlined country-selector__icon" aria-hidden="true">arrow_drop_down</span> </button> <div id="region3" class="container collapse" aria-labelledby="region-3" data-parent="#country-accordion"> <div class="row table-responsive"> <table class="col col-12 table"> <caption> List of website locations and languages available in Middle East and Africa </caption> <thead> <tr> <th scope="col">Location</th> <th scope="col">Languages Available</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td class="heading-6 align-text-top">Cameroon </td> <td> <ul class="text-left p-0 m-0"> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/en-cm' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson Cameroon website in English, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="Cameroon" data-current_language="English" data-menu_text="Cameroon | English" onclick="switchLanguage('/en-cm','/en-cm', this); return false;"> English</a> </li> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/fr-cm' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson Cameroon website in French, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="Cameroon" data-current_language="French" data-menu_text="Cameroon | French" onclick="switchLanguage('/fr-cm','/fr-cm', this); return false;"> French</a> </li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="heading-6 align-text-top">Congo </td> <td> <ul class="text-left p-0 m-0"> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/fr-cd' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson Congo website in French, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="Congo" data-current_language="French" data-menu_text="Congo | French" onclick="switchLanguage('/fr-cd','/fr-cd', this); return false;"> French</a> </li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="heading-6 align-text-top">Egypt </td> <td> <ul class="text-left p-0 m-0"> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/en-eg' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson Egypt website in English, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="Egypt" data-current_language="English" data-menu_text="Egypt | English" onclick="switchLanguage('/en-eg','/en-eg', this); return false;"> English</a> </li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="heading-6 align-text-top">Ghana </td> <td> <ul class="text-left p-0 m-0"> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/en-gh' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson Ghana website in English, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="Ghana" data-current_language="English" data-menu_text="Ghana |English" onclick="switchLanguage('/en-gh','/en-gh', this); return false;">English</a> </li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="heading-6 align-text-top">Ivory Coast </td> <td> <ul class="text-left p-0 m-0"> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/fr-ci' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson Ivory Coast website in French, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="Ivory Coast" data-current_language="French" data-menu_text="Ivory Coast | French" onclick="switchLanguage('/fr-ci','/fr-ci', this); return false;"> French</a> </li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="heading-6 align-text-top">Israel </td> <td> <ul class="text-left p-0 m-0"> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/en-il' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson Israel website in English, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="Israel" data-current_language="English" data-menu_text="Israel | English" onclick="switchLanguage('/en-il','/en-il', this); return false;"> English</a> </li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="heading-6 align-text-top">Jordan </td> <td> <ul class="text-left p-0 m-0"> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/en-jo' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson Jordan website in English, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="Jordan" data-current_language="English" data-menu_text="Jordan | English" onclick="switchLanguage('/en-jo','/en-jo', this); return false;"> English</a> </li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="heading-6 align-text-top">Kenya </td> <td> <ul class="text-left p-0 m-0"> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/en-ke' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson Kenya website in English, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="Kenya" data-current_language="English" data-menu_text="Kenya | English" onclick="switchLanguage('/en-ke','/en-ke', this); return false;"> English</a> </li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="heading-6 align-text-top">Kuwait </td> <td> <ul class="text-left p-0 m-0"> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/en-kw' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson Kuwait website in English, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="Kuwait" data-current_language="English" data-menu_text="Kuwait | English" onclick="switchLanguage('/en-kw','/en-kw', this); return false;"> English</a> </li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="heading-6 align-text-top">Mauritius </td> <td> <ul class="text-left p-0 m-0"> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/en-mu' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson Mauritius website in English, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="Mauritius" data-current_language="English" data-menu_text="Mauritius | English" onclick="switchLanguage('/en-mu','/en-mu', this); return false;"> English</a> </li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="heading-6 align-text-top">Nigeria </td> <td> <ul class="text-left p-0 m-0"> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/en-ng' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson Nigeria website in English, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="Nigeria" data-current_language="English" data-menu_text="Nigeria | English" onclick="switchLanguage('/en-ng','/en-ng', this); return false;"> English</a> </li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="heading-6 align-text-top">Saudi Arabia </td> <td> <ul class="text-left p-0 m-0"> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/en-sa' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson Saudi Arabia website in English, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="Saudi Arabia" data-current_language="English" data-menu_text="Saudi Arabia | English" onclick="switchLanguage('/en-sa','/en-sa', this); return false;"> English</a> </li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="heading-6 align-text-top">Senegal </td> <td> <ul class="text-left p-0 m-0"> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/fr-sn' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson Senegal website in French, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="Senegal" data-current_language="French" data-menu_text="Senegal | French" onclick="switchLanguage('/fr-sn','/fr-sn', this); return false;"> French</a> </li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="heading-6 align-text-top">South Africa </td> <td> <ul class="text-left p-0 m-0"> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/en-za' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson South Africa website in English, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="South Africa" data-current_language="English" data-menu_text="South Africa | English" onclick="switchLanguage('/en-za','/en-za', this); return false;"> English</a> </li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="heading-6 align-text-top">UAE </td> <td> <ul class="text-left p-0 m-0"> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/en-ae' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson UAE website in English, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="UAE" data-current_language="English" data-menu_text="UAE | English" onclick="switchLanguage('/en-ae','/en-ae', this); return false;"> English</a> </li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="heading-6 align-text-top">Uganda </td> <td> <ul class="text-left p-0 m-0"> <li class="d-inline-block"> <a href='/en-ug' class="country-selector__languages" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson Uganda website in English, click to navigate to website" data-current_country="Uganda" data-current_language="English" data-menu_text="Uganda | English" onclick="switchLanguage('/en-ug','/en-ug', this); return false;"> English</a> </li> </ul> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> </div> </div> <script> function switchLanguage(link, href, ele) { if (link === href) { createLanguageCookie(link, ele); } window.location.href = href; } function createLanguageCookie(link, ele) { window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; window.dataLayer.push({ 'event': 'change_country_site', 'previous_country': 'Thailand', 'previous_language': 'English', 'current_country': $(ele).data('current_country'), 'current_language': $(ele).data('current_language'), 'eyebrow_field': 'Choose your location', 'card_text': $(ele).data('menu_text'), 'sitecore_component': 'Location Selector', 'component_category': 'Choose your location', 'card_item': '/sitecore/content/WTW' }); var strLang = link.substring(1, link.length); setCookie("userPreferredLang", strLang, 365); } function setCookie(cname, cvalue, exdays) { var d = new Date(); d.setTime(d.getTime() + (exdays * 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000)); var expires = "expires=" + d.toGMTString(); document.cookie = cname + "=" + cvalue + ";" + expires + ";path=/"; } </script> </div> </div> </div> </div> <button class="tab-trap-button sr-only"></button> </div> </nav> <div class="col d-flex justify-content-center align-items-center site-nav-border-l site-nav-border-r"> <a href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th" class="site-nav__logo p-2" onclick="linkClick(this);" data-etlabel="header_navigation" data-selabel="Logo" data-ewlabel="Logo (header)" data-cdlabel="WTW" data-cilabel="/sitecore/content/WTW" aria-label="Willis Towers Watson; Click to navigate to the homepage"> <div class="d-block d-lg-none"> <img src="https://media.wtwco.com/-/media/WTW/Logo/Logo_Mobile.svg?iar=0&modified=20240701125225&imgeng=meta_true&hash=C16FDBB4DD613110BB98E6E6A6B405A3" alt="Willis Towers Watson Logo" /> </div> <div class="d-none d-lg-block"> <img src="https://media.wtwco.com/-/media/WTW/Logo/Logo_Desktop.svg?iar=0&modified=20240701125225&imgeng=meta_true&hash=56F49BEC51919C8E565A890FBF0C1B85" alt="Willis Towers Watson Logo" /> </div> </a> </div> <button class="btn btn-lg site-nav__btn site-nav__btn--search-menu" data-menu="search-menu-is-visible" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="search-menu" onclick="if (!$('body').hasClass('search-menu-is-visible')) { $(this).data('ctlabel', 'Opened Search') } else { $(this).data('ctlabel', 'Closed Search') } linkClick(this);" data-etlabel="internal_link_click" data-selabel="Search Button" data-ewlabel="What can we help you find?" data-cdlabel="Search" data-cilabel="/sitecore/content/WTW/Search" data-ctlabel="Opened Search" aria-label="Open search, click to open/close search interface"> <span class="site-nav__btn__label d-none d-md-block"> Search </span> <span class="site-nav__btn__icon"> <span class="material-symbols-outlined" aria-hidden="true">search</span> <span class="material-symbols-outlined" aria-hidden="true">close</span> </span> </button> <section class="search-menu" id="search-menu"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-12"> <div class="search-bar"> <h5>What can we help you find?</h5> <script type="text/javascript"> // TODO: add above // Important * Workaround to initialize prebinding attributes on all the elements used in the Searchbox container. document.addEventListener("CoveoSearchEndpointInitialized", function () { var searchbox = document.getElementById("_185F67BF-1D73-4AEE-9564-FDE5B0EB24D9"); searchbox.dataset.enableSearchAsYouType = "false"; //WTW-1967 searchbox.dataset.enableFieldAddon = "true"; searchbox.dataset.enableQuerySuggestAddon = "true"; searchbox.dataset.enableQueryExtensionAddon = "true"; searchbox.dataset.enablePartialMatch = "true"; var searchBoxContainer = document.getElementById("_185F67BF-1D73-4AEE-9564-FDE5B0EB24D9_container"); CoveoForSitecore.Prebinding.applyPrebindingOnElement(searchBoxContainer); CoveoForSitecore.Prebinding.applyPrebindingOnChildren( searchBoxContainer ); }); window.addEventListener("load", function () { var input = document.getElementsByClassName("magic-box-input")[0].children[1]; input.setAttribute("aria-label", "Search box"); input.style.width = "100%"; input.addEventListener('keydown', function (event) { if (event.keyCode === 13) { window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; window.dataLayer.push({ 'event': 'searchOnInputEnter' }); } }); var underlay = document.getElementsByClassName("magic-box-underlay")[0]; underlay.style.visibility = "hidden"; var formWrapper = document.createElement('form'); formWrapper.setAttribute("role", "search"); input.parentNode.insertBefore(formWrapper, input); formWrapper.appendChild(input); var searchbtn = document.querySelector("a.CoveoSearchButton"); searchbtn.setAttribute("role", "button"); searchbtn.setAttribute("tabindex", "0"); searchbtn.setAttribute("href", "#"); //Create a copy of the search button and place it inside <form> tag formWrapper.appendChild(searchbtn); //Delete the original search button $(searchbtn[0]).remove(); if (searchbtn) { while (searchbtn.firstChild) { searchbtn.removeChild(searchbtn.firstChild); } // searchbtn.setAttribute("href", "#"); } }); </script> <script> document.addEventListener("CoveoSearchEndpointInitialized", function() { var searchboxElement = document.getElementById("_185F67BF-1D73-4AEE-9564-FDE5B0EB24D9"); searchboxElement.addEventListener("CoveoComponentInitialized", function() { CoveoForSitecore.initSearchboxIfStandalone(searchboxElement, "https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/search"); }); }) </script> <div id="_185F67BF-1D73-4AEE-9564-FDE5B0EB24D9_container" data-prebind-maximum-age='currentMaximumAge' > <div id="_185F67BF-1D73-4AEE-9564-FDE5B0EB24D9" class="CoveoSearchbox" data-enable-omnibox='true' data-prebind-maximum-age='currentMaximumAge' data-clear-filters-on-new-query='false' data-trigger-query-on-clear='false'> <script type="text/javascript"> document.addEventListener("CoveoSearchEndpointInitialized", function() { var componentId = "_185F67BF-1D73-4AEE-9564-FDE5B0EB24D9"; var componentElement = document.getElementById(componentId); function showError(error) { console.error(error); } function areCoveoResourcesIncluded() { return typeof (Coveo) !== "undefined"; } if (areCoveoResourcesIncluded()) { var event = document.createEvent("CustomEvent"); event.initEvent("CoveoComponentInitialized", false, true); setTimeout(function() { componentElement.dispatchEvent(event); }, 0); } else { componentElement.classList.add("invalid"); showError("The Coveo Resources component must be included in this page."); } }); </script> <div class="CoveoForSitecoreBindWithUserContext"></div> <div class="CoveoForSitecoreExpressions"></div> <div class="CoveoForSitecoreConfigureSearchHub" data-sc-search-hub="Search"></div> </div> <span id="FieldSuggestionComponentOnNavigation" class="CoveoFieldSuggestions" data-field="@Page Title" data-prebind-field="fieldTranslator" data-query-override="(@fz95xlanguage13762=="en-TH")(@fz95xfullpath13762*="/sitecore/content/wtw*")"></span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> </div> <script type="text/javascript"> function mainNavClick(ele, navlevel) { var navCat, navSubCat, navSubCat2; if (navlevel == 3) { navSubCat2 = $(ele).data('elabel'); navSubCat = $(ele).parents('li.show').children(".dropdown-toggle").data("elabel"); navCat = $(ele).parents('li.show').parents('li.show').children(".dropdown-toggle").data("elabel"); } else if (navlevel == 2) { navSubCat = $(ele).data('elabel'); navCat = $(ele).parents('li.show').children(".dropdown-toggle").data("elabel"); } else if (navlevel == 1) { navCat = $(ele).data('elabel'); } window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; window.dataLayer.push({ 'event': 'main_menu_navigation', 'click_text': $(ele).data('elabel'), 'click_url': $(ele).attr('href') == undefined || $(ele).attr('href') == "#" ? document.location.href : $(ele).prop('href'), 'navigation_category': navCat, 'navigation_subcategory': navSubCat, 'navigation_subcategory_2': navSubCat2 }); } </script> <div class="sr-only" id="main-content" tabindex="-1">main content, press tab to continue</div> <header> <div class="hero-large hero-large__hero-image hero-large__bold"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-12 col-lg-6"> <div class="hero-large__eyebrow heading-4 text-faded">Topic</div> <h1 class="hero-large__title"> <span>Geopolitical Risk</span> </h1> <p class="hero-large__description font-p-large text-faded">Understand how geopolitical risks, such as the Russia-Ukraine war and escalation beyond the Israel-Hamas conflict, could impact global markets, security and supply chains.</p> <a href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/contact-us" class="btn btn-lg btn-primary arrow-link text-white" onclick="linkClick(this);" data-etlabel="cta_click" data-selabel="Contact Us Button" data-ewlabel="Contact Us Button" data-cdlabel="Contact Us" data-cilabel="/sitecore/content/WTW/contact-us" data-ctlabel="Contact Us Button"> Contact Us <span class="material-symbols-outlined" aria-hidden="true">arrow_forward</span> </a> </div> <div class="col-12 col-lg-6 position-static" data-match-height=""> <div class="hero-large__image-container"> <div class="hero-large__image-reveal-wrapper" data-match-height="heroImage"> <picture> <source media="(max-width: 992px)" srcset="https://media.wtwco.com/-/media/Feature/Resources/Images/icons/hide.png?modified=20200414150518&imgeng=meta_true"> <img src="https://media.wtwco.com/-/media/WTW/Brand-1610/Aerial/GettyImages-154061378_high-1610.jpg?modified=20190321210956&imgeng=meta_true&h=1800&w=2880&la=en-TH&hash=EBADBBEBE18E4D476DB97848B5BCDDA3" class="img-fluid" role="presentation" alt="" /> </picture> <img src="https://media.wtwco.com/-/media/WTW/Motifs/WTWCO_Motifs_Large_SuMa_BR_3.svg?modified=20220907143838&imgeng=meta_true&la=en-TH&hash=E6096E0C49D7E31B29F17F5D7D810372" class="wtw-motif" role="presentation" alt="" /> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <main> <div class="jump-nav-bg"></div> <nav id="jump-nav" class="jump-nav"> <div class="jump-nav__toggle d-lg-none"> <button class="navbar-toggler w-100 collapsed" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#jump-nav-collapse" aria-controls="jump-nav-collapse" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col"> <div class="jump-nav__label-list"> <span class="navbar-toggler-label font-weight-bold d-inline" data-target="#Understanding-geopolitical-risks"> Understanding geopolitical risks </span> <span class="navbar-toggler-label font-weight-bold d-none" data-target="#Case-studies-1"> Case studies </span> <span class="navbar-toggler-label font-weight-bold d-none" data-target="#Future-geopolitical-risks"> Future geopolitical risks </span> <span class="navbar-toggler-label font-weight-bold d-none" data-target="#Implications"> Implications </span> <span class="navbar-toggler-label font-weight-bold d-none" data-target="#Managing-geopolitical-risks"> Managing geopolitical risks </span> <span class="navbar-toggler-label font-weight-bold d-none" data-target="#Our-expertises"> Our expertise </span> </div> <span class="material-symbols-outlined jump-nav-icon float-right">arrow_drop_down</span> </div> </div> </div> </button> </div> <div class="jump-nav__content"> <div id="jump-nav-scroll-target" class="navbar navbar-expand-lg"> <div id="jump-nav-collapse" class="collapse navbar-collapse"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col"> <div class="navbar-nav d-table"> <h2 class="sr-only">Jump navigation</h2><p class="sr-only">The following links will skip the user to important content areas of the page</p> <a class="nav-item nav-link font-weight-bold nav-item--title d-lg-none" href="#"> Topic </a> <a class="nav-item nav-link font-weight-bold d-lg-table-cell active" href="#Understanding-geopolitical-risks" onclick="linkClick(this);" data-etlabel="internal_link_click" data-selabel="Jump Navigation" data-ewlabel="Jump Navigation" data-cdlabel="Understanding geopolitical risks" data-cilabel="/sitecore/content/WTW/insights/trending-topics/geopolitical-risk" data-ctlabel="Understanding geopolitical risks"> Understanding geopolitical risks </a> <a class="nav-item nav-link font-weight-bold d-lg-table-cell " href="#Case-studies-1" onclick="linkClick(this);" data-etlabel="internal_link_click" data-selabel="Jump Navigation" data-ewlabel="Jump Navigation" data-cdlabel="Case studies" data-cilabel="/sitecore/content/WTW/insights/trending-topics/geopolitical-risk" data-ctlabel="Case studies"> Case studies </a> <a class="nav-item nav-link font-weight-bold d-lg-table-cell " href="#Future-geopolitical-risks" onclick="linkClick(this);" data-etlabel="internal_link_click" data-selabel="Jump Navigation" data-ewlabel="Jump Navigation" data-cdlabel="Future geopolitical risks" data-cilabel="/sitecore/content/WTW/insights/trending-topics/geopolitical-risk" data-ctlabel="Future geopolitical risks"> Future geopolitical risks </a> <a class="nav-item nav-link font-weight-bold d-lg-table-cell " href="#Implications" onclick="linkClick(this);" data-etlabel="internal_link_click" data-selabel="Jump Navigation" data-ewlabel="Jump Navigation" data-cdlabel="Implications" data-cilabel="/sitecore/content/WTW/insights/trending-topics/geopolitical-risk" data-ctlabel="Implications"> Implications </a> <a class="nav-item nav-link font-weight-bold d-lg-table-cell " href="#Managing-geopolitical-risks" onclick="linkClick(this);" data-etlabel="internal_link_click" data-selabel="Jump Navigation" data-ewlabel="Jump Navigation" data-cdlabel="Managing geopolitical risks" data-cilabel="/sitecore/content/WTW/insights/trending-topics/geopolitical-risk" data-ctlabel="Managing geopolitical risks"> Managing geopolitical risks </a> <a class="nav-item nav-link font-weight-bold d-lg-table-cell " href="#Our-expertises" onclick="linkClick(this);" data-etlabel="internal_link_click" data-selabel="Jump Navigation" data-ewlabel="Jump Navigation" data-cdlabel="Our expertise" data-cilabel="/sitecore/content/WTW/insights/trending-topics/geopolitical-risk" data-ctlabel="Our expertise"> Our expertise </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <section class="container mt-3 pt-3 mt-lg-4 pt-lg-4"> <div class="row"> <article class="col-12 col-lg-7"> <h3 id="Understanding-geopolitical-risks">Understanding geopolitical risks in today's global landscape</h3> <p>Geopolitical events have become a dominant force in shaping the global landscape.</p> <p>Several ongoing conflicts such as the Russia-Ukraine war and Israel's war with Hamas illustrate how regional conflicts can have far-reaching effects on international political stability, markets and supply chains.</p> <p>Geopolitical risks are notoriously difficult to predict; conflicts can often arise with little warning. We're constantly monitoring the complexities of geopolitical risks, highlighting the interconnectedness of global events and their potential implications for your organization.</p> <h3 id="Case-studies-1">Case studies in geopolitical risk</h3> <p>The conflicts in Ukraine and the Middle East have escalated into significant geopolitical crises with implications felt globally, far beyond their geographies.</p> <p>Both wars have led to tragic loss of life and displacement. They have also caused substantial disruptions in global supply chains and financial markets.</p> <p>The Ukraine crisis has led to supply chain issues caused by the lack of agricultural goods and manufactured items from the region. The war has also complicated air travel in the area.</p> <p>Meanwhile, the Israel-Hamas war has led to unforeseen consequences beyond the fighting. For example, Houthi terrorists in Yemen have curtailed shipping in the Red Sea in support of Hamas, impacting shipping and disrupting supply chains.</p> <p>These crises have also increased the risk of cyberattacks and financial market volatility, prompting organizations to reassess their cybersecurity measures and financial strategies.</p> <p>Understanding the multifaceted nature of these conflicts and future conflicts is crucial for businesses to mitigate geopolitical risk.</p> </article> <aside class="col-12 offset-lg-1 col-lg-4"> <div class="people"> <h2 class="heading-5"> Contact </h2> <hr class="horizontal-rule--thick"> <div class="media"> <img src="https://media.wtwco.com/-/media/WTW/Authors/jo-holliday.png?modified=20240213215032&imgeng=meta_true&h=292&w=292&la=en-TH&hash=98EF659597ED8F57B3D0DDAF56364D48" aria-hidden="true" loading="lazy" alt="" class="people__person-image" /> <div class="media-body"> <div class="font-p-small font-weight-semibold"> <a href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/insights/all-insights#sort=%40fdate13762%20descending&f:@authors=[Jo%20Holliday]" onclick="linkClick(this);" target="" data-etlabel="internal_link_click" data-selabel="People Authors Bios" data-ewlabel="Contact" data-cdlabel="Jo Holliday" data-cilabel="/sitecore/content/WTW/insights/all-insights" data-ctlabel="Authors">  Jo Holliday  </a> </div> <div class="font-p-small">Global Head of Crisis Management, WTW</div> <div class="font-p-small people__contact-info"> <span class="people__contact-email"> <span class="material-symbols-outlined">email</span> <a href="mailto:jo.holliday@wtwco.com" class="font-weight-bold" aria-label="Click to email Jo Holliday" onclick="linkClick(this);" data-etlabel="internal_link_click" data-selabel="People Authors Bios" data-cdlabel="Email"> Email </a> </span> </div> </div> </div> <hr> </div> <a href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/insights/2024/02/the-russia-ukraine-crisis-a-question-four-moment-for-the-private-sector" data-cdlabel="The Russia-Ukraine Crisis: a question four moment for the private sector?" onclick="linkClick(this);" data-selabel="Featured Content Card - Right Rail" class="card related-content-card related-content-card--aside" data-cilabel="/sitecore/content/WTW/insights/2024/02/the-russia-ukraine-crisis-a-question-four-moment-for-the-private-sector" data-ewlabel="ARTICLE" data-etlabel="internal_link_click" ><div class="related-content-card__img-container"> <img src="https://media.wtwco.com/-/media/WTW/Brand-1610-Refresh/GettyImages-1390992167-1610.jpg?modified=20230310114828&imgeng=meta_true&la=en-TH&h=776&w=1242&mw=1242&hash=2C5B32E0959F87E839CB5506FF5E6B21" loading="lazy" class="card-img-top" role="presentation" alt="" /></div> <div class="card-body"> <div class="related-content-card__eyebrow"> ARTICLE </div> <div class="card-title heading-5"> The Russia-Ukraine Crisis: a question four moment for the private sector? </div> </div> </a> </aside> </div> </section> <section class="container mt-3 pt-3 mt-lg-4 pt-lg-4"> <div class="row"> <article class="col-12 col-lg-7"> <h3 id="Future-geopolitical-risks">Future geopolitical risks</h3> <p>It is hard to forecast the next hot spot for conflict or crisis. There are perennially volatile areas such as the Middle East, where Israel and Iran have been fighting a proxy battle that escalated in April 2024. And in East Asia there are several examples including China invading Taiwan and North Korea attacking South Korea. Both could severely impact the global economy and even lead to wider conflicts across the globe. But there are also less kinetic conflicts in the region, including China and the Philippines dispute over the South China Sea.</p> <p>Those aren’t the only hot spots across the globe that could destabilize global trade. Our 2024 Political Risk Survey highlights several scenarios involving India and its neighbors China and Pakistan. Other examples of geopolitical risk highlighted in the report include:</p> <ul> <li>Ukraine escalation and complications</li> <li>U.S.-China rivalry</li> <li>Uncertain climate policies</li> <li>Middle East escalation</li> <li>Institutional decay of liberal democracy in the West</li> <li>Gray zone action and aggression</li> </ul> <h3 id="Implications">Broader implications of geopolitical risks</h3> <p>Geopolitical risks extend beyond the immediate effects of conflicts, as illustrated by the Houthi attacks in the Red Sea. They encompass a range of issues that can destabilize regions and impact global operations, including:</p> <ul> <li><strong>Political changes and volatility:</strong> Shifts in political power can lead to unpredictability in previously stable regions, affecting international business operations and investments.</li> <li><strong>Economic policies and sanctions:</strong> Economic decisions and sanctions can disrupt trade and investment flows, posing challenges to global supply chains and financial markets.</li> <li><strong>Cyber threats and security:</strong> In an increasingly digital world, geopolitical conflicts often extend into cyberspace, where cyber warfare and espionage present serious risks to national and corporate security.</li> <li><strong>Environmental and health risks:</strong> Geopolitical decisions can also influence environmental policies and responses to global health challenges, affecting public and environmental health across borders.</li> </ul> <h3 id="Managing-geopolitical-risks">Managing geopolitical risks</h3> <p>To navigate the complexities of geopolitical risks, organizations must adopt comprehensive risk management strategies such as:</p> <ul> <li><strong>Risk assessment and monitoring:</strong> Continuously monitor geopolitical developments and assess the potential impact, and additional effects, on business operations and markets</li> <li><strong>Diversification:</strong> Diversify supply chains and markets to reduce dependence on volatile regions</li> <li><strong>Crisis management:</strong> Develop robust crisis management plans to respond effectively to immediate threats, such as political unrest, terrorism and war</li> <li><strong>Strategic planning:</strong> Incorporate geopolitical risk planning into strategic decision making, ensuring that potential risks are understood and mitigated</li> </ul> <p>Geopolitical risks require vigilant monitoring and proactive management. By understanding the broad spectrum of risks and implementing integrated strategies, you can protect your organization against the uncertainties of the global political and economic environment. The ongoing crises in Ukraine and the Middle East serve as critical reminders of the need for preparedness and adaptability in the face of geopolitical upheavals.</p> </article> <aside class="col-12 offset-lg-1 col-lg-4"> <a href="/en-gb/insights/2024/06/political-risk-index-h1-2024" data-cdlabel="Political Risk Index: H1 2024" onclick="linkClick(this);" data-selabel="Featured Content Card - Right Rail" class="card related-content-card related-content-card--aside" data-cilabel="/en-gb/insights/2024/06/political-risk-index-h1-2024" data-ewlabel="ARTICLE" data-etlabel="internal_link_click" ><div class="related-content-card__img-container"> <img src="https://media.wtwco.com/-/media/WTW/Brand-1610-Refresh/GettyImages-1372198429-1610.jpg?modified=20221123212435&imgeng=meta_true&la=en-TH&h=776&w=1242&mw=1242&hash=7A14FFF7BEB4EB4783EDEAE0B757A640" loading="lazy" class="card-img-top" role="presentation" alt="" /></div> <div class="card-body"> <div class="related-content-card__eyebrow"> ARTICLE </div> <div class="card-title heading-5"> Political Risk Index: H1 2024 </div> </div> </a> </aside> </div> </section> <section class="container mt-3 pt-3 mt-lg-4 pt-lg-4"> <div class="row"> <article class="col-12 col-lg-7"> <h3 id="Our-expertises">Our geopolitical expertise</h3> <p>WTW’s global team, which includes specialists in political risk analytics, crisis management, risk engineering and broking, has the knowledge and analytical tools to help you understand emerging global trends.</p> <p>Our team offers a comprehensive range of consulting, risk transfer and crisis management services to help you mitigate your risks and minimize your exposures.</p> </article> <aside class="col-12 offset-lg-1 col-lg-4"> </aside> </div> </section> <section id="insights" class="related-content " aria-label="carousel"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-12 col-md-9"> <h2 class="heading-3"> Related geopolitical insights </h2> </div> <div class="col-12 col-md-3 text-md-right"> <a href="/en-th/insights/all-insights" class="btn btn-link arrow-link px-0" onclick="linkClick(this);" data-etlabel="cta_click" data-ewlabel="Related geopolitical insights" data-cdlabel="See all insights" data-selabel="Insights Carousel - See all insights" data-cilabel="/sitecore/content/WTW/insights/all-insights" aria-label="See all Insights; click to see all insights from Willis Towers Watson"> See all insights <span class="material-symbols-outlined" aria-hidden="true">arrow_right_alt</span> </a> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col"> <div class="related-content__carousel clearfix"> <a class="card related-content-card float-left " href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/insights/2024/11/emerging-and-interconnected-risks-survey-navigating-a-complex-risk-landscape" aria-label="Emerging and interconnected risks survey: Navigating a complex risk landscape" onclick="carouselClick(this);" data-etlabel="carousel_click" data-cklabel="Emerging and interconnected risks survey: Navigating a complex risk landscape" data-ctlabel="Survey Report" data-ewlabel="Survey Report" data-cdlabel="Emerging and interconnected risks survey: Navigating a complex risk landscape" data-selabel="Insights Carousel" data-cilabel="/sitecore/content/WTW/insights/2024/11/emerging-and-interconnected-risks-survey-navigating-a-complex-risk-landscape"> <div class="related-content-card__img-container"> <img src="https://media.wtwco.com/-/media/WTW/brand-1610-refresh-2024/07/GettyImages-1002886260-1610.jpg?modified=20240722085519&imgeng=meta_true&la=en-TH&h=405&w=648&mw=648&hash=02FD6AADA6C5D25BEC420B8B9D0700FC" loading="lazy" class="card-img-top" role="presentation" alt="" /> </div> <div class="card-body"> <div class="related-content-card__eyebrow"> Survey Report </div> <div class="card-title heading-5"> Emerging and interconnected risks survey: Navigating a complex risk landscape </div> </div> </a> <a class="card related-content-card float-left " href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/insights/2024/09/wtw-research-network-q3-2024-newsletter" aria-label="WTW Research Network Q3 2024 Newsletter" onclick="carouselClick(this);" data-etlabel="carousel_click" data-cklabel="WTW Research Network Q3 2024 Newsletter" data-ctlabel="Article" data-ewlabel="Article" data-cdlabel="WTW Research Network Q3 2024 Newsletter" data-selabel="Insights Carousel" data-cilabel="/sitecore/content/WTW/insights/2024/09/wtw-research-network-q3-2024-newsletter"> <div class="related-content-card__img-container"> <img src="https://media.wtwco.com/-/media/WTW/Brand-1610-Refresh/GettyImages-978353792-1610.jpg?modified=20240603080724&imgeng=meta_true&la=en-TH&h=405&w=648&mw=648&hash=B944C2A49C4BE3CBD27DCE89223C1D7B" loading="lazy" class="card-img-top" role="presentation" alt="" /> </div> <div class="card-body"> <div class="related-content-card__eyebrow"> Article </div> <div class="card-title heading-5"> WTW Research Network Q3 2024 Newsletter </div> </div> </a> <a class="card related-content-card float-left " href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/insights/2024/08/the-complexities-of-onshoring-chip-production-amid-geopolitical-risks" aria-label="The complexities of onshoring chip production amid geopolitical risks" onclick="carouselClick(this);" data-etlabel="carousel_click" data-cklabel="The complexities of onshoring chip production amid geopolitical risks" data-ctlabel="Article" data-ewlabel="Article" data-cdlabel="The complexities of onshoring chip production amid geopolitical risks" data-selabel="Insights Carousel" data-cilabel="/sitecore/content/WTW/insights/2024/08/the-complexities-of-onshoring-chip-production-amid-geopolitical-risks"> <div class="related-content-card__img-container"> <img src="https://media.wtwco.com/-/media/WTW/Brand-1610-Refresh/GettyImages-585284401-1610.jpg?modified=20221110162106&imgeng=meta_true&la=en-TH&h=405&w=648&mw=648&hash=870EBDD28EF86BE3F6FB4B55A212982F" loading="lazy" class="card-img-top" role="presentation" alt="" /> </div> <div class="card-body"> <div class="related-content-card__eyebrow"> Article </div> <div class="card-title heading-5"> The complexities of onshoring chip production amid geopolitical risks </div> </div> </a> <a class="card related-content-card float-left " href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/insights/2024/06/wtw-research-network-q2-2024-newsletter" aria-label="WTW Research Network Q2 2024 Newsletter" onclick="carouselClick(this);" data-etlabel="carousel_click" data-cklabel="WTW Research Network Q2 2024 Newsletter" data-ctlabel="Article" data-ewlabel="Article" data-cdlabel="WTW Research Network Q2 2024 Newsletter" data-selabel="Insights Carousel" data-cilabel="/sitecore/content/WTW/insights/2024/06/wtw-research-network-q2-2024-newsletter"> <div class="related-content-card__img-container"> <img src="https://media.wtwco.com/-/media/WTW/Brand-1610-Refresh/GettyImages-86078392-1610.jpg?modified=20240603080724&imgeng=meta_true&la=en-TH&h=405&w=648&mw=648&hash=8F1D34EDF54F22004CED12B189C63EB2" loading="lazy" class="card-img-top" role="presentation" alt="" /> </div> <div class="card-body"> <div class="related-content-card__eyebrow"> Article </div> <div class="card-title heading-5"> WTW Research Network Q2 2024 Newsletter </div> </div> </a> <a class="card related-content-card float-left " href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/insights/2024/06/securing-critical-infrastructure-next-gen-public-private-partnerships-needed" aria-label="Securing critical infrastructure: next-gen public-private partnerships needed" onclick="carouselClick(this);" data-etlabel="carousel_click" data-cklabel="Securing critical infrastructure: next-gen public-private partnerships needed" data-ctlabel="Article" data-ewlabel="Article" data-cdlabel="Securing critical infrastructure: next-gen public-private partnerships needed" data-selabel="Insights Carousel" data-cilabel="/sitecore/content/WTW/insights/2024/06/securing-critical-infrastructure-next-gen-public-private-partnerships-needed"> <div class="related-content-card__img-container"> <img src="https://media.wtwco.com/-/media/WTW/Brand-1610-Refresh/GettyImages-180698194-1610.jpg?modified=20240104094100&imgeng=meta_true&la=en-TH&h=405&w=648&mw=648&hash=3651FF511D78AD210A1E7E00F392EE5E" loading="lazy" class="card-img-top" role="presentation" alt="" /> </div> <div class="card-body"> <div class="related-content-card__eyebrow"> Article </div> <div class="card-title heading-5"> Securing critical infrastructure: next-gen public-private partnerships needed </div> </div> </a> <a class="card related-content-card float-left " href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/insights/2024/06/green-competition-and-resource-nationalisation" aria-label="Green competition and resource nationalisation" onclick="carouselClick(this);" data-etlabel="carousel_click" data-cklabel="Green competition and resource nationalisation" data-ctlabel="Article" data-ewlabel="Article" data-cdlabel="Green competition and resource nationalisation" data-selabel="Insights Carousel" data-cilabel="/sitecore/content/WTW/insights/2024/06/green-competition-and-resource-nationalisation"> <div class="related-content-card__img-container"> <img src="https://media.wtwco.com/-/media/WTW/Brand-1610-Refresh/GettyImages-1332636603-1610.jpg?modified=20230907133118&imgeng=meta_true&la=en-TH&h=405&w=648&mw=648&hash=BBF98818EF6CECC3D5BD9AA0156C2016" loading="lazy" class="card-img-top" role="presentation" alt="" /> </div> <div class="card-body"> <div class="related-content-card__eyebrow"> Article </div> <div class="card-title heading-5"> Green competition and resource nationalisation </div> </div> </a> <a class="card related-content-card float-left " href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/insights/2024/06/emerging-and-interconnected-risks-survey-2024" aria-label="Emerging and Interconnected Risks Survey 2024" onclick="carouselClick(this);" data-etlabel="carousel_click" data-cklabel="Emerging and Interconnected Risks Survey 2024" data-ctlabel="Survey" data-ewlabel="Survey" data-cdlabel="Emerging and Interconnected Risks Survey 2024" data-selabel="Insights Carousel" data-cilabel="/sitecore/content/WTW/insights/2024/06/emerging-and-interconnected-risks-survey-2024"> <div class="related-content-card__img-container"> <img src="https://media.wtwco.com/-/media/WTW/Brand-1610-Refresh/GettyImages-546268019-1610.jpg?modified=20220811135653&imgeng=meta_true&la=en-TH&h=405&w=648&mw=648&hash=30F2A2837F7D4B8CF8F3D6883F6BFA1B" loading="lazy" class="card-img-top" role="presentation" alt="" /> </div> <div class="card-body"> <div class="related-content-card__eyebrow"> Survey </div> <div class="card-title heading-5"> Emerging and Interconnected Risks Survey 2024 </div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="related-content__carousel-controls d-flex align-items-center justify-content-center justify-content-md-start mb-lg-2"> <button class="related-content__carousel-prev" aria-label="Previous"> <span class="material-symbols-outlined" aria-hidden="true">arrow_back</span> </button> <div class="related-content__carousel-dots mx-2"></div> <button class="related-content__carousel-next" aria-label="Next"> <span class="material-symbols-outlined" aria-hidden="true">arrow_forward</span> </button> </div> </div> </div> </div> <script type="text/javascript"> function carouselClick(ele) { window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; window.dataLayer.push({ 'event': 'carousel_click', 'carousel_location': window.location.href, 'carousel_name': 'Related geopolitical insights', 'click_item': $(ele).data('cklabel'), 'slide_number': $(ele).data('slickIndex') + 1, 'component_category': $(ele).data('ctlabel'), 'eyebrow_field': $(ele).data('ewlabel'), 'card_text': $(ele).data('cdlabel'), 'sitecore_component': $(ele).data('selabel'), 'card_item': $(ele).data('cilabel') }); } </script> </section> <section class="container related-content-matrix" id="related-geopolitical-capabilities"> <div class="row"> <div class="col col-md-10 col-xl-6"> <h2 class="heading-3">Related geopolitical capabilities</h2> <p class="font-p-large text-faded"></p> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-12 col-md-4 col-xl-4"> <a href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/solutions/crisis-management" title="Crisis Management" class="related-matrix-item-link" data-capability-id="99085f53-379e-4a9f-80e5-1386ccc58aad" data-capability-code="Crisis Management" onclick="linkClick(this);" data-etlabel="cta_click" data-selabel="Content Matrix – Large" data-ewlabel="Solution" data-cdlabel="Crisis Management" data-cilabel="/sitecore/content/WTW/solutions/crisis-management"> <div class="related-matrix-item"> <div class="related-matrix-item__text-wrapper"> <div class="related-matrix-item__heading heading-5"> Crisis Management </div> <p class="font-p-small">WTW specialises in helping you understand and mitigate a spectrum of security related risks, through effective risk management and insurance solutions.</p> <span class="material-symbols-outlined" aria-hidden="true">arrow_forward</span> </div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="col-12 col-md-4 col-xl-4"> <a href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/solutions/credit-political-risk-and-terrorism" title="Credit and Political Risk" class="related-matrix-item-link" data-capability-id="095acbe3-c8c8-4bf1-9ba9-208d557a0472" data-capability-code="Credit and Political Risk" onclick="linkClick(this);" data-etlabel="cta_click" data-selabel="Content Matrix – Large" data-ewlabel="Solution" data-cdlabel="Credit and Political Risk" data-cilabel="/sitecore/content/WTW/solutions/credit-political-risk-and-terrorism"> <div class="related-matrix-item"> <div class="related-matrix-item__text-wrapper"> <div class="related-matrix-item__heading heading-5"> Credit and Political Risk </div> <p class="font-p-small">WTW’s Financial Solutions team offers transactional broking services in the credit and political risk insurance markets. Our clients are international banks, leasing companies, commodity traders, export credit agencies and multinational corporates.</p> <span class="material-symbols-outlined" aria-hidden="true">arrow_forward</span> </div> </div> </a> </div> </div> </section> <div class="contact-us__wrapper"> <a href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/contact-us" class="contact-us__button" onclick="linkClick(this)" data-etlabel="internal_link_click" data-selabel="Persistent Contact Us button" data-ewlabel="Contact Us Persistent Button" data-cdlabel="Envelope Icon" data-cilabel="/sitecore/content/WTW/contact-us" aria-label="Contact Willis Towers Watson, click to navigate to a contact form page"> <img src="-/media/Feature/Resources/Images/buttons/contact-us.svg" class="img-fluid" loading="lazy" alt="Contact us"> </a> </div> </main> <footer class="site-footer" id="divWtwFooter"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-12 col-md-4"> <a href=https://www.wtwco.com/en-th class="d-block site-footer__logo" onclick="linkClick(this);" data-etlabel="footer_navigation" data-selabel="Logo" data-ewlabel="Logo (footer)" data-cdlabel="WTW" data-cilabel="/sitecore/content/WTW"> <img src="https://media.wtwco.com/-/media/WTW/Logo/Footer-Willis-Towers-Watson_Text.svg?modified=20220110040900&imgeng=meta_true&la=en-TH&hash=0FB0CAD15EBEE004D446A75D91A91039" loading="lazy" alt="Willis Towers Watson logo" /> </a> </div>  <div class="col-12 offset-md-1 col-md-4"> <ul class="site-footer__primary"> <li class="d-md-inline-block d-lg-block w-100"> <a href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/about-us/overview" data-cdlabel="About Us" onclick="linkClick(this);" data-selabel="Footer links - Primary" class="font-p-small font-weight-bold site-footer__primary-link" data-cilabel="/sitecore/content/WTW/about-us/overview" data-ewlabel="Primary Footer Link" data-etlabel="footer_navigation" >About Us</a> </li> <li class="d-md-inline-block d-lg-block w-100"> <a href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/people" data-cdlabel="People" onclick="linkClick(this);" data-selabel="Footer links - Primary" class="font-p-small font-weight-bold site-footer__primary-link" data-cilabel="/sitecore/content/WTW/people" data-ewlabel="Primary Footer Link" data-etlabel="footer_navigation" >People</a> </li> <li class="d-md-inline-block d-lg-block w-100"> <a href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/risk" data-cdlabel="Risk" onclick="linkClick(this);" data-selabel="Footer links - Primary" class="font-p-small font-weight-bold site-footer__primary-link" data-cilabel="/sitecore/content/WTW/risk" data-ewlabel="Primary Footer Link" data-etlabel="footer_navigation" >Risk</a> </li> <li class="d-md-inline-block d-lg-block w-100"> <a href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/capital" data-cdlabel="Capital" onclick="linkClick(this);" data-selabel="Footer links - Primary" class="font-p-small font-weight-bold site-footer__primary-link" data-cilabel="/sitecore/content/WTW/capital" data-ewlabel="Primary Footer Link" data-etlabel="footer_navigation" >Capital</a> </li> <li class="d-md-inline-block d-lg-block w-100"> <a href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/news/all-news" data-cdlabel="News" onclick="linkClick(this);" data-selabel="Footer links - Primary" class="font-p-small font-weight-bold site-footer__primary-link" data-cilabel="/sitecore/content/WTW/news/all-news" data-ewlabel="Primary Footer Link" data-etlabel="footer_navigation" >News</a> </li> <li class="d-md-inline-block d-lg-block w-100"> <a href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/insights/all-insights" data-cdlabel="Insights" onclick="linkClick(this);" data-selabel="Footer links - Primary" class="font-p-small font-weight-bold site-footer__primary-link" data-cilabel="/sitecore/content/WTW/insights/all-insights" data-ewlabel="Primary Footer Link" data-etlabel="footer_navigation" >Insights</a> </li> <li class="d-md-inline-block d-lg-block w-100"> <a href="https://investors.wtwco.com" data-cdlabel="Investor Relations" rel="noopener noreferrer" onclick="linkClick(this);" data-selabel="Footer links - Primary" class="font-p-small font-weight-bold site-footer__primary-link" data-cilabel="https://investors.wtwco.com" data-ewlabel="Primary Footer Link" data-etlabel="footer_navigation" target="_blank" >Investor Relations</a> </li> <li class="d-md-inline-block d-lg-block w-100"> <a href="https://careers.wtwco.com/" data-cdlabel="Careers" rel="noopener noreferrer" onclick="linkClick(this);" data-selabel="Footer links - Primary" class="font-p-small font-weight-bold site-footer__primary-link" data-cilabel="https://careers.wtwco.com/" data-ewlabel="Primary Footer Link" data-etlabel="footer_navigation" target="_blank" >Careers</a> </li> <li class="d-md-inline-block d-lg-block w-100"> <a href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/about-us/office-locations" data-cdlabel="Office Locations" onclick="linkClick(this);" data-selabel="Footer links - Primary" class="font-p-small font-weight-bold site-footer__primary-link" data-cilabel="/sitecore/content/WTW/about-us/office-locations" data-ewlabel="Primary Footer Link" data-etlabel="footer_navigation" >Office Locations</a> </li> <li class="d-md-inline-block d-lg-block w-100"> <a href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/social-media" data-cdlabel="Social Media" onclick="linkClick(this);" data-selabel="Footer links - Primary" class="font-p-small font-weight-bold site-footer__primary-link" data-cilabel="/sitecore/content/WTW/social-media" data-ewlabel="Primary Footer Link" data-etlabel="footer_navigation" >Social Media</a> </li> <li class="d-md-inline-block d-lg-block w-100"> <a href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/contact-us" data-cdlabel="Contact Us" onclick="linkClick(this);" data-selabel="Footer links - Primary" class="font-p-small font-weight-bold site-footer__primary-link" data-cilabel="/sitecore/content/WTW/contact-us" data-ewlabel="Primary Footer Link" data-etlabel="footer_navigation" >Contact Us</a> </li> <li class="d-md-inline-block d-lg-block w-100"> <a href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/sitemap" data-cdlabel="Sitemap" onclick="linkClick(this);" data-selabel="Footer links - Primary" class="font-p-small font-weight-bold site-footer__primary-link" data-cilabel="/sitecore/content/WTW/sitemap" data-ewlabel="Primary Footer Link" data-etlabel="footer_navigation" >Sitemap</a> </li> </ul> </div>  <div class="col-12 col-md-3"> <ul class="site-footer__secondary"> <li> <a href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/notices/global-website-privacy-notice" data-cdlabel="Global Website Privacy Notice" onclick="linkClick(this);" data-selabel="Footer link - Secondary" class="font-p-xsmall font-weight-bold site-footer__secondary-link" data-cilabel="/sitecore/content/WTW/notices/global-website-privacy-notice" data-ewlabel="Secondary Footer Link" data-etlabel="footer_navigation" >Global Website Privacy Notice</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/notices/terms-of-use" data-cdlabel="Terms of Use" onclick="linkClick(this);" data-selabel="Footer link - Secondary" class="font-p-xsmall font-weight-bold site-footer__secondary-link" data-cilabel="/sitecore/content/WTW/notices/terms-of-use" data-ewlabel="Secondary Footer Link" data-etlabel="footer_navigation" >Terms of Use</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/notices/accessibility-statement" data-cdlabel="Accessibility Statement" onclick="linkClick(this);" data-selabel="Footer link - Secondary" class="font-p-xsmall font-weight-bold site-footer__secondary-link" data-cilabel="/sitecore/content/WTW/notices/accessibility-statement" data-ewlabel="Secondary Footer Link" data-etlabel="footer_navigation" >Accessibility Statement</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/notices/cookie-notice" data-cdlabel="Cookie Notice" onclick="linkClick(this);" data-selabel="Footer link - Secondary" class="font-p-xsmall font-weight-bold site-footer__secondary-link" data-cilabel="/sitecore/content/WTW/notices/cookie-notice" data-ewlabel="Secondary Footer Link" data-etlabel="footer_navigation" >Cookie Notice</a> </li> <li class="d-md-inline-block d-lg-block w-100"> <a href="#" class="ot-sdk-show-settings font-p-xsmall font-weight-bold site-footer__secondary-link" onclick="linkClick(this);" data-etlabel="footer_navigation" data-selabel="Footer links - Secondary" data-ewlabel="Secondary Footer Link" data-cdlabel="Cookie Settings" aria-haspopup="true">Cookie Settings</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.wtwco.com/-/media/wtw/notices/code-of-conduct-english.pdf?modified=20230523202859" data-cdlabel="Code of Conduct" rel="noopener noreferrer" onclick="linkClick(this);" data-selabel="Footer link - Secondary" class="font-p-xsmall font-weight-bold site-footer__secondary-link" data-cilabel="/sitecore/media library/WTW/Notices/Code-of-Conduct-English" data-ewlabel="Secondary Footer Link" data-etlabel="footer_navigation" target="_blank" >Code of Conduct</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/notices/privacy-notice-for-clients-thailand" data-cdlabel="Thailand Privacy Notice" onclick="linkClick(this);" data-selabel="Footer link - Secondary" class="font-p-xsmall font-weight-bold site-footer__secondary-link" data-cilabel="/sitecore/content/WTW/notices/privacy-notice-for-clients-thailand" data-ewlabel="Secondary Footer Link" data-etlabel="footer_navigation" >Thailand Privacy Notice</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div>  <div class="row"> <div class="col-12 col-md-4"> <div class="site-footer__social-container"> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/WTWcorporate" data-cdlabel="Facebook" target="_blank" data-ewlabel="Social" style="background-image: url(https://media.wtwco.com/-/media/Feature/Resources/Images/icons/facebook.svg?modified=20181030190638&imgeng=meta_true);" onclick="linkClick(this);" data-selabel="Social links" title="Facebook" data-cilabel="https://www.facebook.com/WTWcorporate" class="site-footer__social-link" rel="noopener noreferrer" data-etlabel="footer_navigation" data-ctlabel="Social Link" ></a><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/wtwcorporate" data-cdlabel="Linkedin" target="_blank" data-ewlabel="Social" style="background-image: url(https://media.wtwco.com/-/media/Feature/Resources/Images/icons/linkedin.svg?modified=20181030190638&imgeng=meta_true);" onclick="linkClick(this);" data-selabel="Social links" title="Linkedin" data-cilabel="https://www.linkedin.com/company/wtwcorporate" class="site-footer__social-link" rel="noopener noreferrer" data-etlabel="footer_navigation" data-ctlabel="Social Link" ></a><a href="https://www.instagram.com/wtwcorporate" data-cdlabel="Instagram" target="_blank" data-ewlabel="Social" style="background-image: url(https://media.wtwco.com/-/media/Feature/Resources/Images/icons/instagram.svg?modified=20221122210540&imgeng=meta_true);" onclick="linkClick(this);" data-selabel="Social links" title="Instagram" data-cilabel="https://www.instagram.com/wtwcorporate" class="site-footer__social-link" rel="noopener noreferrer" data-etlabel="footer_navigation" data-ctlabel="Social Link" ></a> <script type="application/ld+json"> {"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Organization","@id":"https://www.wtwco.com#organization","sameAs":["https://www.facebook.com/WTWcorporate","https://www.linkedin.com/company/wtwcorporate","https://www.instagram.com/wtwcorporate"]} </script> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-12"> <p class="font-p-xsmall m-0 mt-md-2 site-footer__copyright">Copyright © 2024 WTW. All rights reserved.</p> </div> </div> </div> </footer> <script src="https://www.wtwco.com/-/media/Feature/Resources/Javascript-Files/jquerymin.js?modified=20210727212433&v=2.0.0.0"></script> <script src="https://www.wtwco.com/-/media/Feature/Resources/Javascript-Files/bootstrapmin.js?modified=20210727212347&v=2.0.0.0"></script> <script src="https://www.wtwco.com/-/media/Feature/Resources/Javascript-Files/scrollrevealmin.js?modified=20200402212017&v=2.0.0.0"></script> <script src="https://www.wtwco.com/-/media/Feature/Resources/Javascript-Files/sitemin.js?modified=20241030170532&v=2.0.0.0"></script> <script> function linkClick(ele) { window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; window.dataLayer.push({ 'event': $(ele).data('etlabel') || 'internal_link_click', 'component_category': $(ele).data('ctlabel') || $(ele).data('ewlabel'), 'eyebrow_field': $(ele).data('ewlabel'), 'card_text': $(ele).data('cdlabel'), 'sitecore_component': $(ele).data('selabel'), 'card_item': $(ele).data('cilabel') }); } </script> <script type="text/javascript"> function getMarketoCookie() { function escape(s) { return s.replace(/([.*+?\^$(){}|\[\]\/\\])/g, '\\$1'); } var match = document.cookie.match(RegExp('(?:^|;\\s*)' + escape("_mkto_trk") + '=([^;]*)')); return match ? match[1] : "undefined"; } function GetServicesProductTags(value) { if (window.location.href.toLowerCase().indexOf("services") > -1 || window.location.href.toLowerCase().indexOf("products") > -1) { var elRelatedSolutions = $("#related-solutions"); if (elRelatedSolutions != null && elRelatedSolutions.length) { var tagCode = ""; elRelatedSolutions.each(function () { $(this).find('a').each(function () { var code = $(this).data('capability-code'); tagCode = tagCode.concat(code, "|"); }); }); return tagCode.slice(0, -1); } return value; } else { return value; } } function GetServicesProductTagsGuids(value) { if (window.location.href.toLowerCase().indexOf("services") > -1 || window.location.href.toLowerCase().indexOf("products") > -1) { var elRelatedSolutions = $("#related-solutions"); if (elRelatedSolutions != null && elRelatedSolutions.length) { var tagGuids = ""; elRelatedSolutions.each(function () { $(this).find('a').each(function () { var guid = $(this).data('capability-id'); tagGuids = tagGuids.concat(guid, "|"); }); }); return tagGuids.slice(0,-1); } return value; } else { return value; } } window.dataLayer.push({ 'event': 'dataLayer-initialized', 'content_language': 'English', 'content_language_code': 'en', 'content_country_name': 'Thailand', 'content_country_code': 'TH', 'page_id': '1e282c73-5f6e-4b05-98e3-6b75073f14e7_en-th', 'page_template': 'Solution Page', 'item_guid': '1e282c73-5f6e-4b05-98e3-6b75073f14e7', 'article_date': '7/23/2024', 'article_type': 'Topic', 'capability_tag_guid': 'ce513766-5b4c-4822-9169-2f28e22cadf3', 'capability_tag_name': 'Geopolitical Risk', 'tags': GetServicesProductTags('Geopolitical Risk'), 'tags_guids': GetServicesProductTagsGuids('ce513766-5b4c-4822-9169-2f28e22cadf3'), 'content_title': 'Geopolitical Risk', 'content_eyebrow': 'Topic', 'publication': 'None', 'author': 'WTW', 'item_path': '/sitecore/content/WTW/insights/trending-topics/geopolitical-risk', 'sitecore_id': '9f44fa15-d922-4b36-8509-dab651e3ba7a', 'sitecore_session_id': '9c34d1b3-b5c9-44db-92d6-271d68e03dfc', 'marketo_id': getMarketoCookie() }); </script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/Coveo/Hive/css/CoveoFullSearch.min.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/Coveo/Hive/css/CoveoForSitecore.min.css" /> <script class="coveo-script" type="text/javascript" src='/Coveo/Hive/js/CoveoJsSearch.Lazy.min.js'></script> <script class="coveo-for-sitecore-script" type="text/javascript" src='/Coveo/Hive/js/CoveoForSitecore.Lazy.min.js'></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/coveo/hive/js/cultures/en.js"></script> <div>  <div id="SearchResourcesProperties_85fab0d0343a49c7a2e072b8f29ad250" class="CoveoForSitecoreContext" data-sc-should-have-analytics-component='true' data-sc-analytics-enabled='true' data-sc-current-language='en-TH' data-prebind-sc-language-field-name='fieldTranslator' data-sc-language-field-name='_language' data-sc-labels='{"Ascending" : "Ascending" , "Descending" : "Descending" , "Created" : "Created" , "Created By" : "Created by" , "Creation Time" : "Creation time." , "Language" : "Language" , "Last Time Modified" : "Last time modified." , "Template" : "Template" , "Uniform resource identifier" : "URI" , "Updated By" : "Updated by" , "If the problem persists contact the administrator." : "If the problem persists contact the administrator." , "Search is currently unavailable" : "Oops! Something went wrong on the server."}' data-sc-maximum-age='900000' data-sc-page-name='geopolitical-risk' data-sc-page-name-full-path='/sitecore/content/WTW/insights/trending-topics/geopolitical-risk' data-sc-index-source-name='WTW-Web-Index' data-sc-is-in-experience-editor='false' data-sc-is-user-anonymous='true' data-sc-item-uri='sitecore://web/{1E282C73-5F6E-4B05-98E3-6B75073F14E7}?lang=en-TH&ver=2' data-sc-item-id='1e282c73-5f6e-4b05-98e3-6b75073f14e7' data-prebind-sc-latest-version-field-name='fieldTranslator' data-sc-latest-version-field-name='_latestversion' data-sc-rest-endpoint-uri='/coveo/rest' data-sc-analytics-endpoint-uri='/coveo/rest/ua' data-sc-site-name='wtwco' data-sc-field-prefix='f' data-sc-field-suffix='13762' data-sc-prefer-source-specific-fields='true' data-sc-external-fields='[{"fieldName":"permanentid","shouldEscape":false},{"fieldName":"_name","shouldEscape":true},{"fieldName":"title","shouldEscape":true},{"fieldName":"page title","shouldEscape":true},{"fieldName":"summary","shouldEscape":true},{"fieldName":"subtitle","shouldEscape":true},{"fieldName":"article-content-type","shouldEscape":true},{"fieldName":"country","shouldEscape":true},{"fieldName":"publication","shouldEscape":true},{"fieldName":"display-date","shouldEscape":true},{"fieldName":"industry","shouldEscape":true},{"fieldName":"topic","shouldEscape":true},{"fieldName":"solution","shouldEscape":true},{"fieldName":"authors","shouldEscape":true},{"fieldName":"solution-title","shouldEscape":true},{"fieldName":"formatted-display-date","shouldEscape":true},{"fieldName":"solution-category","shouldEscape":true},{"fieldName":"auto suggestion keyword","shouldEscape":true}]' > </div> <script type="text/javascript"> var endpointConfiguration = { itemUri: "sitecore://web/{1E282C73-5F6E-4B05-98E3-6B75073F14E7}?lang=en-TH&ver=2", siteName: "wtwco", restEndpointUri: "/coveo/rest" }; if (typeof (CoveoForSitecore) !== "undefined") { CoveoForSitecore.SearchEndpoint.configureSitecoreEndpoint(endpointConfiguration); CoveoForSitecore.version = "5.0.1153.1"; var context = document.getElementById("SearchResourcesProperties_85fab0d0343a49c7a2e072b8f29ad250"); if (!!context) { CoveoForSitecore.Context.configureContext(context); } } </script> </div> <script type="application/ld+json"> [{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Organization","@id":"https://www.wtwco.com#organization","name":"WTW","brand":"WTW","logo":"https://media.wtwco.com/-/media/WTW/Logo/Logo_Desktop.svg?modified=20240701125225&imgeng=meta_true"},{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"WebPage","primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/insights/trending-topics/geopolitical-risk#primaryimage"},"@id":"https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/insights/trending-topics/geopolitical-risk#webpage"},{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"ImageObject","contentUrl":"https://media.wtwco.com/-/media/WTW/Social/custom/content-hubs-and-trending-topics/GeopoliticalRiskRespong-1024x512_154061378.jpg?modified=20190529154824&imgeng=meta_true","@id":"https://www.wtwco.com/en-th/insights/trending-topics/geopolitical-risk#primaryimage"}] </script>  </body> </html>

CINXE.COM

Geopolitical Risk - WTW