CINXE.COM
TimesMachine: Broad Parking Ban in Manhattan Begins as Mayor Yields to Ruling; 206 Meters Hooded in Midtown Beame Warns of 'Ghost Town' South of 59th Street Broad Parking Ban in Manhattan Is Begun by Beame - NYTimes.com
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/NewsArticle" itemid='1977061675672332'> <head prefix="og: http://ogp.me/ns# fb: http://ogp.me/ns/fb#"> <title>TimesMachine: Broad Parking Ban in Manhattan Begins as Mayor Yields to Ruling; 206 Meters Hooded in Midtown Beame Warns of 'Ghost Town' South of 59th Street Broad Parking Ban in Manhattan Is Begun by Beame - NYTimes.com</title> <meta name="robots" content="noindex" /> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge,chrome=1"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, user-scalable=0"> <meta name="mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes"> <meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes" /> <meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-title" content="TimesMachine"> <meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-status-bar-style" content="black"> <meta name="msapplication-tap-highlight" content="no" /> <meta name="sourceApp" content="TimesMachine-2" /> <meta name="twitter:card" value="summary"/> <meta name="twitter:site" value="@nytimes"/> <meta name="twitter:site" value="@nytarchives"/> <meta property="fb:app_id" content="9869919170"/> <meta property="og:type" content="article"/> <meta property="og:title" content="Broad Parking Ban in Manhattan Begins as Mayor Yields to Ruling; 206 Meters Hooded in Midtown Beame Warns of 'Ghost Town' South of 59th Street Broad Parking Ban in Manhattan Is Begun by Beame"/> <meta property="twitter:title" itemprop="headline" content="Broad Parking Ban in Manhattan Begins as Mayor Yields to Ruling; 206 Meters Hooded in Midtown Beame Warns of 'Ghost Town' South of 59th Street Broad Parking Ban in Manhattan Is Begun by Beame"/> <meta property="og:image" content="http://tiles.nytimes.com.s3.amazonaws.com/issue/thumbs/2/1977/06/16/75672332_360.png"/> <meta property="twitter:image" itemprop="thumbnailUrl" content="http://tiles.nytimes.com.s3.amazonaws.com/issue/thumbs/2/1977/06/16/75672332_360.png"/> <meta property="og:description" content="Acting reluctantly under court orders, Mayor Beame yesterday started implementing new parking rules that he said would eventually ban most street parking in Manhattan south of 59th Street."/> <meta property="twitter:description" itemprop="description" content="Acting reluctantly under court orders, Mayor Beame yesterday started implementing new parking rules that he said would eventually ban most street parking in Manhattan south of 59th Street."/> <meta property="og:url" content="http://timesmachine.nytimes.comhttp://timesmachine.nyt-archives.us-east-1-01.prd.dvsp.nyt.net/timesmachine/1977/06/16/75672332.html?pdf_redirect=true&site=false"/> <meta property="twitter:url" content="http://timesmachine.nytimes.comhttp://timesmachine.nyt-archives.us-east-1-01.prd.dvsp.nyt.net/timesmachine/1977/06/16/75672332.html?pdf_redirect=true&site=false"/> <script type="text/javascript"> NYTD = window.NYTD || {}; NYTD.env = 'production'; DELOREAN_YYYYMMDD = 19770616; DELOREAN_ARTICLE_ID = "75672332"; DELOREAN_ARTICLE_RK = '9E06E4DD113FE334BC4E52DFB066838C669EDE'; DELOREAN_SERVER = 'timesmachine.nytimes.com'; DELOREAN_SECURE_TRANSPARENT_TILE_FILE_SIGNATURE = 'Expires=1734278922&Signature=Sdw~AR-hOWDZlpDW1Iw8R4Zr5qCOshLfDkKdb3aMn5PhaG7wf-MloNXaD5J6Nesa5Wux--cxWtunh2sjddn-jxUHi4bf9cCyw3kfvDbnBlj5vtq2KageAV1DM~B3qt-g65o3DyhdmxUhlaRT5rliTSv1vxL7hM8D8CTZ4ZTNSpsoDiK1ws5FrmrN83JQ7HOBwSaA4J-gWbGjFlYbMKVYaEA7DeAXDMKErzephtZ0yNNOtYqXqyCQe4592TprNBAP9IBzO1usRZ5IxOndHuoOFHGpAkBf3ykYsV8v~KbpxC7K6TE5tizycuEbAZKz0K8f~FxzluS-tdMqMUHYDkN4xw__&Key-Pair-Id=APKAJ6RNMA5NBAFXWRMA&Policy=eyJTdGF0ZW1lbnQiOlt7IlJlc291cmNlIjoiaHR0cHM6Ly90aWxlcy5ueXRpbWVzLmNvbS9pc3N1ZS90cmFuc3BhcmVudF90aWxlLnBuZyIsIkNvbmRpdGlvbiI6eyJEYXRlTGVzc1RoYW4iOnsiQVdTOkVwb2NoVGltZSI6MTczNDI3ODkyMn19fV19'; DELOREAN_SECURE_SIGNATURE = ''; DELOREAN_THUMB_SECURE_SIGNATURE = 'Expires=1734278922&Signature=Gx6-mfqMu6CNm3UUjL5r579I-IY8gPXXdv8U0-zLVa1q6PKOpu07q~Ad1vj4o4WalS5jZ~NbUHzFxLXT5AQpYRgTUSbG1i3rnrAgfQPUVuWKb1emTyEaBJCbm9XaH6vvscpz6FgPDlicD0DHGhfgRVdo7JB7RceUiWrAlDWq8x8nZ0Imedv5vA-HRQ3MtWJFJLZ2kj3~CJu8jC3laNh11iWiHKCQAdbAo62CWrJsQyHt~YoUyIDYWFp2YhL3MQp1v2NseFJZhzMS9yx48cqUzeCm8aUeX92ggGiC-3SIvnnWh3P5BWIPQJDtKymh5qp8ZYsthpGa6K4GXt~PoeWdpQ__&Key-Pair-Id=APKAJ6RNMA5NBAFXWRMA&Policy=eyJTdGF0ZW1lbnQiOlt7IlJlc291cmNlIjoiaHR0cHM6Ly90aWxlcy5ueXRpbWVzLmNvbS9pc3N1ZS90aHVtYnMvMi8qIiwiQ29uZGl0aW9uIjp7IkRhdGVMZXNzVGhhbiI6eyJBV1M6RXBvY2hUaW1lIjoxNzM0Mjc4OTIyfX19XX0_'; DELOREAN_TILES_VERSION = '1'; DELOREAN_JSON_VERSION = '1'; DELOREAN_DATA_VERSION = '1'; DELOREAN_THUMBS_VERSION = '1'; DELOREAN_TILES_EXTENSION = 'png'; DELOREAN_TILES_MD5 = '746e7a9a25d2c34130e7aca46041eb24'; DELOREAN_STATIC_CDN = '/assets/0.8.55-1/'; DELOREAN_BUILD_YEAR = '2024'; DELOREAN_PAGE_NUMBER = null; DELOREAN_OPEN_INDEX_NAME = null; DELOREAN_ONSITE = false; DELOREAN_ON_SAMPLE_DATE =false; DELOREAN_AUTH_USER =false; _ISSUE = []; DELOREAN_SUBSCRIBER =false; DELOREAN_SUBSCRIBER_NYT_NOW =false; DELOREAN_IS_MOBILE =false; DELOREAN_IS_SUPPORTED =false; DELOREAN_ISSUE_EXISTS =true; DELOREAN_IP ='10.254.12.11'; DELOREAN_BROWSER_REGISTRY={"isMobile":false,"isTablet":false,"isiOS":false,"isAndroidOS":false,"isChrome":false,"isSafari":false,"isIE":true,"isFirefox":false,"os":{"name":"Windows Vista","major":null,"minor":null,"patch":null,"version":""},"device":"Other"}; NYT_TOKEN = 'MIIBIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAQ8AMIIBCgKCAQEAmakAMqFOPvfAPmEdEn9pB+XNB6NrTGQjlqA7TDCQfJgMpq/ifyPrOvDNwKKgTwXmMeViJc2x9tH8+b9ahmg09Kzqd51JCWOPqaBjhZi4DnPCrbSBrgH0btd+mgAUYEpOy6xfjNC7HsqjJVqFvUaA/w4cljbChZ4O8LFTL1zoCBgiQInhOnH7aFvuItq6AC8VGkSf3ahIGpdXhKzbAoIwtETZRg+jpkiGaPHQZrqxNbeb2mG6b9nLdGujJyl07Ixaw4wLBRWoQz5d/jh85nxHV6J3kwPRvogAhb4BM2C7N4nK1EkvuHvgPdKSDNPosScVq1UHJWiqP6dmDG4T82iKuQIDAQAB'; APP_VERSION = '0.8.55'; </script> <!-- | Style | ================================================ --> <style> html { height: 100% } body { height: 100%; margin: 0; padding: 0;} .delorean_body { min-width: 765px; margin: 0; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden; background-color: #262626; } #cartodb-map { background-color: #000000; min-width:665px; } </style> <!-- Loading handlebars runtime outside requirejs because of module bundling issues post handlebars2.0 --> <script>console.log("reader head runtime = cluster");</script> <script src="/assets/pkgd/js/frameworks/handlebars.runtime.min.js"></script> <script> DELOREAN_BUILD_VERSION="0.8.55-1"; DELOREAN_EXPANSION =true; DELOREAN_EXPANSION_SEARCH =true </script> <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="144×144" href="/assets/pkgd/images/icons/ios-ipad-144x144.png" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="114×114" href="/assets/pkgd/images/icons/ios-iphone-114x114.png" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" href="/assets/pkgd/images/icons/ios-default-homescreen-57x57.png" /> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/favicon.ico"> <link href="/assets/pkgd/css/frameworks/reader/styles.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"> <!--[if IE]> <link href="/assets/pkgd/css/frameworks/leaflet.ie.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"> <![endif]--> <!--[if IE 9]> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/assets/pkgd/css/bundle/reader/delorean.ie9.css"> <![endif]--> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/assets/pkgd/css/bundle/reader/delorean.ie.css" media="screen and (-ms-high-contrast: active), (-ms-high-contrast: none)"> <!-- | Imports | ================================================== --> <!-- external --> <script src="https://typeface.nytimes.com/zam5nzz.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> try{ Typekit.load(); }catch(e){} </script> </head> <body class='delorean_body no-touch'> <!-- top navigation --> <div id="topnav" class='unselectable'> <div id="topnav_container"> <div id="home_button" class="topnav_component"> <i class="icon-t topnav_inline_element"></i> <span id="topnav_home" class="topnav_inline_element">HOME</span> </div> <div id="touch_nav_button" class="topnav_component"> <i class="icon-nav_hamburger_icon topnav_inline_element"></i> <div id="touch_nav_button_hit_area_placeholder"></div> </div> <div id="search_button" class="topnav_component"> <i class="icon-search topnav_inline_element"></i> <span id="topnav_search" class="topnav_inline_element">SEARCH ARCHIVE</span> </div> <div id="nyt_branding" class="has-module-tracking" data-module-tracking="mast_HP-title"> <div id="nytlogo_black" class="icon-nytlogo">The New York Times</div> </div> <div id="topnav_promo_element"> <div id="topnav_order_reprint">Buy Reprints in the NYT Store</div> <button id="topnav_subscribe_button" style='display:none' class="button login-button">SUBSCRIBE NOW</button> </div> </div> </div> <div id="touch_home_nav" class="touch_nav"> <div class="nav_home"><a href="http://www.nytimes.com">NYTimes.com Home</a></div> <div class="nav_divider"></div> <div class="nav_links"> <ul class="nav_link_list"> <li> <a href="/">TimesMachine Home</a> </li> <li> <a data-link-name='Terms_of_Service' href="http://www.nytimes.com/ref/membercenter/help/agree.html">Terms of Service</a> </li> <li> <a data-link-name='Privacy_Policy' href="http://www.nytimes.com/privacy">Privacy Policy</a> </li> <li class="CCPA-link" style="display:none;"> <a data-link-name='California_Notices' href="http://www.nytimes.com/privacy/california-notice">California Notices</a> </li> <li> <a data-link-name='Feedback' class="tm_feedback_link map_footer_link">Feedback</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="subnav"> <div id="subnav_container"> <!-- table of contents --> <div id="index_button" class="subnav-component unselectable"> <div id="subnav_menu" class="icon-toc subnav-component"></div> <span id="subnav_index" class="subnav_inline_element">INDEX</span> </div> <div id="subnav_datepicker" class="subnav-component unselectable"> <div id="prevYear" class="icon-double_prev subnav_datepicker_component subnav_datepicker_control" title="Jump to previous year"></div> <div id="prevDay" class="icon-prev subnav_datepicker_component subnav_datepicker_control" title="Jump to previous day"></div> <div id="currentDate" class="subnav_datepicker_component" title="Change date"><span id="dayText"></span> <span id="dateText"></span></div> <div id="nextDay" class="icon-next subnav_datepicker_component subnav_datepicker_control" title="Jump to next day"></div> <div id="nextYear" class="icon-double_next subnav_datepicker_component subnav_datepicker_control" title="Jump to next year"></div> </div> <div id="pageSelect" class="subnav-component unselectable"> <div id="prevPage"><div class="icon-prev"></div></div> <span id="label_page">PAGE</span> <input type='text' pattern="[0-9]*" id='first_page_number'></input> <span id='of_pages'>OF</span> <span id="total_pages">0010</span> <div id="nextPage"><div class="icon-next"></div></div> </div> <div id="share_button_container"> <div id="share_button_icon_container"> <i id="share_button_icon_oval"></i> <i id="share_button_icon_arrow"></i> </div> <div id="share_button_hit_area_placeholder"></div> </div> </div> <!-- START of Date Picker Flyout Panel--> <div class="change_date_flyout_panel flyout-panel" style="display: none;"> <div id="close_change_date_button"><div class="icon-close_search"></div></div> <nav class="change_date_form-control"> <div class="change_date_form" role="search"> <div id="change_date_control"> <div id="label_change_date" class="change_date_component">CHANGE DATE </div> <input name="change_date_input" type="tel" pattern="[0-9]*" class="formatted_text_input change_date_input text change_date_component" autocomplete="off" id='date_picking_field'> <div id="go_change_date_button" class="disabled change_date_component" type="submit">Go</div> </div><!-- close control --> <div id='change_date_error_message'>This date is unavailable. Due to a strike by printers and engravers, The Times did not publish a New York edition between December 10, 1962 and March 30, 1963.</div> </div> </nav> </div> <!-- END of Date Picker Flyout Panel--> <!-- START of Search Flyout Panel--> <div class="search_flyout_panel flyout-panel" style="display: none;"> <div id="close_search_view_button"><div class="icon-close_search"></div></div> <nav class="search_view_form-control"> <div class="search_view_form" role="search"> <div id="search_view_control"> <div id="search_view_control_inset"> <div class="search_view_input search_view_component"> <input type="text" id='search_input'> </div> <div id="search_submit_button" class="disabled search_view_component" type="submit">Search</div> <div id='search_view_message'> Searching articles from <span id="search_view_message_from_date">September 18, 1851</span> to <span id="search_view_message_to_date">December 31, 2002</span>.<div id="search_view_change_date_range">Change Dates</div> </div> <div id="date_range_panel" style="display:none;"> <div class="change_date_form" role="search"> <div id="change_date_range_control"> <div id="label_from_date" class="date_range_label change_date_range_component">FROM</div> <input name="search_from_date" type="text" class="formatted_text_input from_date text date_range_input change_date_range_component" autocomplete="off" id='search_from_date'> <div id="label_to_date" class="date_range_label change_date_range_component">TO</div> <input name="search_to_date" type="text" class="formatted_text_input to_date text date_range_input change_date_range_component" autocomplete="off" id='search_to_date'> <div id="change_date_range_button" class="change_date_range_component" type="submit">OK</div> <div id='reset_date_range' class="change_date_range_component">Reset</div> </div><!-- close control --> </div> </div> </div> <div id='change_date_range_error_message' style="display:none;"></div> </div><!-- close control --> </div> </nav> </div> <!-- END of Search Flyout Panel--> <div id="touch_index_panel_close_button_container"> <button type="button" class="touch_index_panel_close_button"><i class="icon"></i></button> <div id="touch_index_panel_close_button_hit_area_placeholder"></div> </div> </div> <!--END OF Top Navigation --> <div id='index_container'> <div id="index_menu_view"> <div class="index_header"> <div class="index_nav"> <div class="close_button icon-close_circle"></div> </div> <div class="index_masthead"> <div id="index_panel_title" class="index_panel_title">Index</div> <div class="index_current_date"></div> </div> </div> <div class="index_list"></div> <div id="index_panel_footer"> <div id="index_panel_footer_text">FILTER</div> <div id="index_panel_filter_container"> <input type="text" class="clearable" placeholder="Type to filter Index" class="ui-autocomplete-input" id="index_search_box_id" autocomplete="off"><span role="status" aria-live="polite" class="ui-helper-hidden-accessible"></span> </div> </div> </div> <div id="index_article_list_view" data-prev-view="index_menu_view" style="display:none;"> <div class="index_header"> <div class="index_nav"> <div class='go_back_button'><div class="go_back_icon"><div class="icon-back_black_arrow"></div></div><div class="go_back_text">SUBJECTS</div></div> <div class="close_button icon-close_circle"></div> </div> <div class="index_masthead"> <div id='index_article_list_indexName'></div> <div class='index_current_date'></div> </div> </div> <div class="index_article_list" style="opacity: 1;"> </div> </div> <div id="index_article_selected_view" data-prev-view="index_article_list_view" style="display:none;"></div> </div> <!-- main map --> <div id='cartodb-map' tabindex="0"> <div class='map_footer_container'> <nav> <ul> <li><a data-link-name='Copyright_Notice' class='map_footer_link' target="_blank" href="http://www.nytco.com/">© 2024 The New York Times Company</a></li> <li class="map_footer_hidable"><a data-link-name='Terms_of_Service' class='map_footer_link' target="_blank" href="http://www.nytimes.com/ref/membercenter/help/agree.html">Terms of Service</a></li> <li class="map_footer_hidable"><a data-link-name='Privacy_Policy' class='map_footer_link' target="_blank" href="http://www.nytimes.com/privacy">Privacy</a></li> <li class="map_footer_hidable CCPA-link" style="display:none;"><a data-link-name='California_Notices' class='map_footer_link' target="_blank" href="http://www.nytimes.com/privacy/california-notice">California Notices</a></li> <li class="map_footer_hidable"><a onclick="DELOREAN.loadingGraphic.showHelp('footer')">Help</a></li> <li class="map_footer_hidable"><a data-link-name='Feedback' target="_blank" class="tm_feedback_link map_footer_link">Feedback</a></li> <li class="map_footer_hidable"><a data-link-name='timesmachine_home' href='#' class="map_footer_link">TimesMachine Home</a></li> <li class="map_footer_hidable last-item"><a data-link-name='timesmachine_ip' href='#' class="map_footer_link">IP: 10.254.12.11</a></li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> <div id='t_loading_widget' class='t_curtain'> <div id='t_container_id' class='t_container'> <div id='t_light_id' class='t_light' style="display:none"> <img src='/assets/pkgd/images/nyt_loader_delorean.gif' width='180' height='180'/> </div> </div> <div class='t_loading_text' id='t_loading_date_container'> </div> <div id='t_loading_error_container' style="display:none"> <div class='t_loading_error_text t_loading_error_component'>Our apologies, TimesMachine failed to load.</div> <button class="button login-button t_loading_error_component" id='t_loading_error_button' onclick="onReload();">RELOAD</button> <div id="t_loading_error_report" class="t_loading_error_component"><a href="mailto:timesmachine@nytimes.com?subject=TimesMachine%20Prototype%20Bug%20Report&body=%0A%0ATechnical%20Information%3A%0ATime%3A%20%20Mon%20Mar%2031%202014%2018%3A42%3A11%20GMT-0400%20(EDT)%0APath%3A%20%20http%3A%2F%2Ftimesmachine.nytimes.com%2Ftimesmachine%2F1960%2F12%2F16%2Fissue.html%0AAgent%3A%20Mozilla%2F5.0%20(Macintosh%3B%20Intel%20Mac%20OS%20X%2010_9_2)%20AppleWebKit%2F537.36%20(KHTML%2C%20like%20Gecko)%20Chrome%2F33.0.1750.152%20Safari%2F537.36%0A">Report an issue with TimesMachine</a></div> </div> </div> <div id="tips_curtain" class='modal_curtain'> <div id="tips_dialog" class='modal_dialog sample_modal'> <div id="tips_close" class="icon-cancel"></div> <div id="tips_header" class="modal_header"><div id="tips_title" class='modal_title'>Help</div></div> <div id="tips_body" class='modal_body'> <div id='tips_body_text'> <p> <span class='tip_heading'>ARTICLES ARE CLICKABLE</span> Click on an article to see information related to the article. The full text of articles is available as a PDF. </p> <p> <span class='tip_heading'>DRAG AND ZOOM TO EXPLORE</span> TimesMachine works like an online map. Click, drag and zoom the paper to focus on interesting areas. </p> <p> <span class='tip_heading'>CHANGE THE DATE</span> Click on the date to choose any issue of The New York Times, from September 18, 1851 to December 31, 1980. </p> <div data-element-type="link" data-modal-type="help" data-user-type="any" data-action-type="help" class="modal_action modal_component" data-target="mailto:timesmachine@nytimes.com"><h4><span class='tip_heading'>Feedback</span> Do you have a question or suggestion for improvement? Please send a note to <a data-link-name="Feedback" target="_blank" class="tm_feedback_link map_footer_link" href="mailto:timesmachine@nytimes.com?subject=TimesMachine%20Prototype%20Feedback&body=%0A%0ATechnical%20Information%3A%0ATime%3A%20%20Mon%20Mar%2031%202014%2018%3A42%3A11%20GMT-0400%20(EDT)%0APath%3A%20%20http%3A%2F%2Ftimesmachine.nytimes.com%2Ftimesmachine%2F1960%2F12%2F16%2Fissue.html%0AAgent%3A%20Mozilla%2F5.0%20(Macintosh%3B%20Intel%20Mac%20OS%20X%2010_9_2)%20AppleWebKit%2F537.36%20(KHTML%2C%20like%20Gecko)%20Chrome%2F33.0.1750.152%20Safari%2F537.36%0A">timesmachine@nytimes.com</a></h4> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <!-- Unregistered User Modal --> <div id="modal_unregistered_user" class='modal_curtain'> <div class='modal_dialog large_modal'> <div class="modal_header"><div class='modal_title'>TimesMachine</div></div> <div class='modal_body'> <div class="modal_left_pane"> <div class="modal_thumb modal_sub_pane"><img src='/assets/pkgd/images/modal_thumb.png' width='117' height='156'/></div> <div class="modal_sub_pane"> <div class="modal_slogan modal_component">Log in to view 150 years of New York Times journalism, as it originally appeared.</div> <button data-element-type='button' data-modal-type="login-modal" data-user-type='unregistered' data-action-type='login' data-target='https://myaccount.nytimes.com/auth/login?URI=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1977/06/16/75672332.html?pdf_redirect=true&site=false' class="modal_action nyt5_button large_button modal_component">Log In</button> <a data-element-type="link" data-modal-type="login-modal" data-user-type="unregistered" data-action-type="view_article" data-target="http://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9E06E4DD113FE334BC4E52DFB066838C669EDE&url=http://timesmachine.nyt-archives.us-east-1-01.prd.dvsp.nyt.net/timesmachine/1977/06/16/75672332.html?pdf_redirect=true&site=false" class="modal_action modal_component" href="#">View the free article abstract »</a> </div> </div> <div class="modal_right_pane"> <div class="modal_component"><h3>Not a subscriber?</h3></div> <div class="modal_component"><h4>TimesMachine is an exclusive benefit for home delivery and digital* subscribers.</h4></div> <div data-element-type="link" data-modal-type="login-modal" data-user-type="unregistered" data-action-type="subscribe" data-target="http://www.nytimes.com/subscriptions/Multiproduct/lp3K8HR.html?campaignId=46L86" class="modal_action modal_component bold_text"><a href="#">Try a subscription today! <br>Click here to learn more »</a></div> <div data-element-type="link" data-modal-type="login-modal" data-user-type="unregistered" data-action-type="landing_page" id='modal_unregistered_user_landing_page_link' data-target="/" class="modal_action modal_component"><a href="#">Learn more about TimesMachine »</a></div> </div> <div class="modal_touch_content_pane"> <div class="modal_touch_content_pane_inset"> <div class="modal_component modal_text"><span class="bold_text">Not a subscriber? </span>TimesMachine is an exclusive benefit for home delivery and digital* subscribers. </div> <div data-element-type="link" data-modal-type="login-modal" data-user-type="unregistered" data-action-type="subscribe" data-target="http://www.nytimes.com/subscriptions/Multiproduct/lp3K8HR.html?campaignId=46L86" class="modal_action modal_component bold_text"><a href="#">See subscription offers »</a></div> <div class="modal_component abstract_link"><a data-element-type="link" data-modal-type="login-modal" data-user-type="unregistered" data-action-type="view_article" data-target="http://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9E06E4DD113FE334BC4E52DFB066838C669EDE&url=http://timesmachine.nyt-archives.us-east-1-01.prd.dvsp.nyt.net/timesmachine/1977/06/16/75672332.html?pdf_redirect=true&site=false" class="modal_action modal_component" href="#">View the free article abstract »</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class='modal_footer'> <div class='modal_disclaimer'> * Does not include NYT Now or Premium Crosswords subscribers.</div> </div> </div> </div> <!-- /Unregistered User Modal --> <!-- Registered User Modal --> <div id="modal_registered_user" class='modal_curtain'> <div class='modal_dialog small_modal'> <div class="modal_header"><div class='modal_title'>TimesMachine</div></div> <div class='modal_body'> <div class="modal_slogan modal_component">View 150 years of New York Times journalism, as it originally appeared.</div> <div class="modal_thumb modal_sub_pane"><img src='/assets/pkgd/images/modal_thumb.png' width='117' height='156'/></div> <div class="modal_right_pane"> <div class="modal_component"><h4>TimesMachine is an exclusive benefit for home delivery and digital* subscribers.</h4></div> <div class="modal_component bold_text">Try a subscription today!</div> <button data-element-type="button" data-modal-type="registered-subscribe" data-user-type="registered" data-action-type="subscribe" class="modal_action nyt5_button large_button modal_component" data-target="http://www.nytimes.com/subscriptions/Multiproduct/lp3K8HR.html?campaignId=46L86">Subscribe</button> </div> <div class="modal_touch_content_pane"> <div class="modal_touch_content_pane_inset"> <div class="modal_component"><h4>TimesMachine is not available for your account.</h4></div> <div class="modal_component modal_text">TimesMachine is an exclusive benefit for home delivery and digital* subscribers. </div> <div data-element-type="link" data-modal-type="login-modal" data-user-type="unregistered" data-action-type="subscribe" data-target="http://www.nytimes.com/subscriptions/Multiproduct/lp3K8HR.html?campaignId=46L86" class="modal_action modal_component bold_text"><a href="#">See subscription offers »</a></div> <div class="modal_component abstract_link"><a data-element-type="link" data-modal-type="login-modal" data-user-type="unregistered" data-action-type="view_article" data-target="http://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9E06E4DD113FE334BC4E52DFB066838C669EDE&url=http://timesmachine.nyt-archives.us-east-1-01.prd.dvsp.nyt.net/timesmachine/1977/06/16/75672332.html?pdf_redirect=true&site=false" class="modal_action modal_component" href="#">View the free article abstract »</a></div> </div> </div> <div class='modal_disclaimer'> * Does not include NYT Now or Premium Crosswords subscribers.</div> </div> <div class='modal_footer'> <a data-element-type="link" data-modal-type="registered-subscribe" data-user-type="registered" data-action-type="view_article" data-target="http://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9E06E4DD113FE334BC4E52DFB066838C669EDE&url=http://timesmachine.nyt-archives.us-east-1-01.prd.dvsp.nyt.net/timesmachine/1977/06/16/75672332.html?pdf_redirect=true&site=false" class="modal_action modal_component" href="#">View the free article abstract »</a><div class="link_separator">|</div> <div data-element-type="link" data-modal-type="registered-subscribe" data-user-type="registered" data-action-type="landing_page" id="modal_registered_user_article_landing_page_link" class="modal_action modal_component" data-target="/"><a href="#">Learn more about TimesMachine »</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <!-- /Registered User Modal --> <!-- Phone Hover Buttons and Share Panel --> <div id="full_text_button_container"></div> <div id="share_panel_overlay"> <div id="share-container"> <div id="share_header"> <span id="share_text">SHARE</span> </div> <div id="share_list_container"> <ul id="share_list"> <li class="share_item social_media" id="facebook_panel" data-social-media-channel-name="facebook"> <div class="item_panel"> <i id="facebook_icon"></i> <span class="text_item">Share on Facebook</span> </div> </li> <li class="share_item social_media" id="twitter_panel" data-social-media-channel-name="twitter"> <div class="item_panel"> <i id="twitter_icon"></i> <span class="text_item">Post on Twitter</span> </div> </li> <li class="share_item" id="email_panel"> <div class="item_panel"> <i id="email_background_circle"> <i id="email_icon"></i> </i> <span class="text_item">Email</span> </div> </li> <li class="permalink share_item" id="permalink_panel"> <div class="item_panel"> <i id="permalink_icon"></i> <span class="text_item" id="permalink_text">Permalink</span> <input class="text_item" readonly="true" name="permalink" id="permalink_input_box"> </div> </li> <li class="filler share_item"></li> </ul> </div> <div id="close_share_panel"> <div id="close_share_panel_color"></div> <div id="close_share_panel_button">Cancel</div> <div id="close_share_button_hit_area_placeholder"></div> </div> </div> </div> <!-- Phone Hover Buttons and Share Panel --> <!-- NYT Now User Modal --> <div id="modal_subscriber_nyt_now" class='modal_curtain'> <div class='modal_dialog small_modal'> <div class="modal_header"><div class='modal_title'>TimesMachine</div></div> <div class='modal_body'> <div class="modal_slogan modal_component">View 150 years of New York Times journalism, as it originally appeared.</div> <div class="modal_thumb modal_sub_pane"><img src='/assets/pkgd/images/modal_thumb.png' width='117' height='156'/></div> <div class="modal_right_pane"> <div class="modal_component"><h4>TimesMachine is not available for your account.</h4></div> <div class="modal_component bold_text">To upgrade your subscription, call 1-800-591-9233.</div> <div data-element-type="link" data-modal-type="nytnow-subscribe" data-user-type="nytnow" data-action-type="subscribe" class="modal_action modal_component" data-target="http://www.nytimes.com/subscriptions/Multiproduct/lp3K8HR.html?campaignId=46L86"><h4><a href="#" class="bold_text">See all subscription offers »</a></h4></div> </div> <div class="modal_component abstract_link"><a data-element-type="link" data-modal-type="login-modal" data-user-type="unregistered" data-action-type="view_article" data-target="http://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9E06E4DD113FE334BC4E52DFB066838C669EDE&url=http://timesmachine.nyt-archives.us-east-1-01.prd.dvsp.nyt.net/timesmachine/1977/06/16/75672332.html?pdf_redirect=true&site=false" class="modal_action modal_component" href="#">View the free article abstract »</a></div> </div> <div class='modal_footer'> <a data-element-type="link" data-modal-type="nytnow-subscribe" data-user-type="nytnow" data-action-type="view_article" href="#" data-target="http://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9E06E4DD113FE334BC4E52DFB066838C669EDE&url=http://timesmachine.nyt-archives.us-east-1-01.prd.dvsp.nyt.net/timesmachine/1977/06/16/75672332.html?pdf_redirect=true&site=false" class="modal_action modal_component">View the free article abstract »</a><div class="link_separator">|</div> <div data-element-type="link" data-modal-type="nytnow-subscribe" data-user-type="nytnow" data-action-type="landing_page" id="modal_now_user_landing_page_link" class="modal_action modal_component" data-target="/"><a href="#">Learn more about TimesMachine »</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <!-- /NYT Now User Modal --> <!-- Sample issue modal --> <div id="modal_sample_issue" class='modal_curtain'> <div class='modal_dialog growl_modal sample_modal'> <div id="touch_sample_modal_close_button_container" class="touch_modal_close_button_container" ontouchstart="document.getElementById('modal_sample_issue').style.display = 'none';" style="display: block; touch-action: pan-y; -webkit-user-select: none; -webkit-user-drag: none; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);"> <button type="button" class="modal_action touch_index_panel_close_button"><i class="icon"></i><span class="visually-hidden">Close Sample modal</span></button> </div> <div class="modal_header"><div class='modal_title'>TimesMachine</div></div> <div class='modal_body'> <div class="modal_slogan modal_component">Enjoy this free sample of TimesMachine.</div> <button data-element-type="button" id="sample_modal_desktop_continue_btn" data-modal-type="sample-issue" data-user-type="nonsub" data-action-type="view_sample" data-target='#' class="modal_action nyt5_button large_button modal_component" onclick="document.getElementById('modal_sample_issue').style.display = 'none';">Continue</button> <div data-element-type="link" data-modal-type="sample-issue" data-user-type="nonsub" data-action-type="subscribe" class="modal_action modal_component subscrition_benefit_statement" data-target="http://www.nytimes.com/subscriptions/Multiproduct/lp3K8HR.html?campaignId=46L86"> <h4> New York Times subscribers receive full access to TimesMachine and 150 years of Times journalism. <a href="#">See all subscription offers »</a> </h4> </div> <div class="growl_modal_touch_button_container"> <button data-element-type="button" data-modal-type="sample-issue" data-user-type="nonsub" data-action-type="view_sample" data-target='#' class="modal_action nyt5_button large_button modal_component" onclick="document.getElementById('modal_sample_issue').style.display = 'none';">Continue</button> <button data-element-type="button" data-modal-type="sample-issue" data-user-type="nonsub" data-action-type="subscribe" data-target='http://www.nytimes.com/subscriptions/Multiproduct/lp3K8HR.html?campaignId=46L86' class="modal_action nyt5_button small_white_button modal_component touch_growl_modal_see_subscription_button" onclick="document.getElementById('modal_sample_issue').style.display = 'none';">Subscription Offers</button> </div> <div class='modal_disclaimer'> * Does not include NYT Now or Premium Crosswords subscribers.</div> </div> </div> </div> <!-- /Sample issue modal --> <!-- PDF Meter modal --> <div id="modal_pdf_meter" class='modal_curtain'> <div class='modal_dialog small_modal'> <div class="modal_header"><div class='modal_title'>TimesMachine</div></div> <div class='modal_body'> <div class="modal_slogan modal_component pdf_meter_modal_slogan">You’ve reached your archive PDF download limit.</div> <div class="modal_thumb modal_sub_pane"><img src='/assets/pkgd/images/modal_thumb.png' width='117' height='156'/></div> <div class="modal_right_pane"> <div class="modal_component pdf_meter_modal_body_text"><h4>Your archive PDF download limit will reset on <span id="archive_pdf_reset_date"></span>.</h4></div> <div class="modal_component pdf_meter_modal_body_text"><h4>If you have further questions about your download limit, please contact Customer Care.</h4></div> <button data-element-type="button" data-modal-type="pdf-meter" data-user-type="subscriber" data-action-type="contact-support" class="modal_action nyt5_button large_button modal_component" data-target="https://help.nytimes.com/hc/en-us/articles/115015385887-Contact-us#care">Contact</button> <button data-element-type="button" data-modal-type="pdf-meter" data-user-type="subscriber" data-action-type="dismiss-modal" data-target='#' class="nyt5_button large_button modal_component dismiss_btn">Dismiss</button> </div> </div> <div class='modal_footer'> <a data-element-type="link" data-modal-type="registered-subscribe" data-user-type="registered" data-action-type="view_article" data-target="http://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9E06E4DD113FE334BC4E52DFB066838C669EDE&url=http://timesmachine.nyt-archives.us-east-1-01.prd.dvsp.nyt.net/timesmachine/1977/06/16/75672332.html?pdf_redirect=true&site=false" class="modal_action modal_component" href="#">View the free article abstract »</a><div class="link_separator">|</div> <div data-element-type="link" data-modal-type="registered-subscribe" data-user-type="registered" data-action-type="landing_page" id="modal_registered_user_article_landing_page_link" class="modal_action modal_component" data-target="/"><a href="#">Learn more about TimesMachine »</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <!-- /PDF Meter issue modal --> <!-- GDPR issue modal --> <div id="modal_gdpr" class='modal_curtain'> <div class='modal_dialog growl_modal sample_modal gdpr_modal'> <div class="modal_header"> <div class='modal_title'> Your tracker settings </div> <div class="rectangle"></div> <button data-element-type="button" data-modal-type="gdpr-issue" data-user-type="" data-action-type="dismiss_banner" data-target='#' class="modal_action dismiss_banner_btn"> <span class="sr-only">Close</span> <span aria-hidden="true">✕</span> </button> </div> <div class='modal_body'> <div class="modal_slogan modal_component"> <div class="modal_component cookie_policy_statement"> <p>We use cookies and similar technologies to recognize your repeat visits and preferences. We also use them to measure ad campaign effectiveness, target ads and analyze site traffic.</b> To learn more about these methods, including how to disable them, <a data-element-type="link" data-modal-type="sample-issue" data-user-type="nonsub" data-action-type="subscribe" href="#" data-target="https://www.nytimes.com/subscription/privacy-policy#/cookie">view our Cookie Policy</a>. </p> <p>By clicking 'accept', you consent to the processing of your data by us and third parties using the above methods. You can always change your tracker preferences by visiting our Cookie Policy.</p> </div> </div> <div class="desktop_button_container"> <button data-element-type="button" id="gdpr_modal_desktop_accept_btn" data-modal-type="gdpr-issue" data-user-type="" data-action-type="accept_gdpr" data-target='#' class="modal_action nyt5_button large_button modal_component gdpr_btn accept_btn">ACCEPT</button> <button data-element-type="button" id="gdpr_modal_desktop_reject_btn" data-modal-type="gdpr-issue" data-user-type="" data-action-type="reject_gdpr" data-target='https://www.nytimes.com/subscription/privacy-policy#/cookie' class="modal_action nyt5_button large_button modal_component gdpr_btn reject_btn">REJECT</button> </div> <div class="growl_modal_touch_button_container"> <button data-element-type="button" data-modal-type="gdpr" data-action-type="accept_gdpr" data-target='#' class="modal_action nyt5_button large_button modal_component gdpr_btn accept_btn">ACCEPT</button> <button data-element-type="button" data-modal-type="gdpr" data-action-type="reject_gdpr" data-target='https://www.nytimes.com/subscription/privacy-policy#/cookie' class="modal_action nyt5_button large_button modal_component gdpr_btn reject_btn">REJECT</button> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="gdpr_snackbar"></div> <!-- /GDPR issue modal --> <div id="date_picker_curtain" class='modal_curtain'></div> <div id="search_view_curtain" class='modal_curtain'> <div id="search_results_container" style="display:none"> <div id="search_view_container_inset"> <div id="search_view_nav"> <div id="search_view_nav_inset"> <div id="search_view_result_count"> </div> <div id="search_view_sort_control"> <span id="relevance" class="sort_control active">Relevance</span><span> | </span><span id="oldest" class="sort_control inactive">Oldest first</span><span> | </span><span id="newest" class="sort_control inactive">Newest first</span> </div> </div> </div> <div id="search_view_thumbs_container"> <div id="initial_search_results_loading_animation" style="display:none"><img src='/assets/pkgd/images/initial_search_result_loading_animation.gif' width='32' height='32'/></div> <div class="search_view_thumbs_container_inset"> </div> <div id="no_more_search_results_message" class="no_search_results search_view_notify_message" style="display:none">End of results.</div> <div id="unable_to_display_more_results_message" class="no_search_results search_view_notify_message" style="display:none">Unable to display additional results. Please narrow your search.</div> <div class='search_view_footer_container' style='display:none;'> <div class='search_view_footer_container_inset'> <nav> <ul> <li><a data-link-name='Copyright_Notice' class='search_view_footer_link' target="_blank" href="http://www.nytco.com/">© 2024 The New York Times Company</a></li> <li><a data-link-name='Terms_of_Service' class='search_view_footer_link' target="_blank" href="http://www.nytimes.com/ref/membercenter/help/agree.html">Terms of Service</a></li> <li><a data-link-name='Privacy_Policy' class='search_view_footer_link' target="_blank" href="http://www.nytimes.com/privacy">Privacy</a></li> <li><a onclick="DELOREAN.loadingGraphic.showHelp('footer')">Help</a></li> <li><a data-link-name='Feedback' target="_blank" class="tm_feedback_link search_view_footer_link">Feedback</a></li> <li class="last-item"><a data-link-name='timesmachine_home' href='#' class="search_view_footer_link">TimesMachine Home</a></li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="more_search_results_loading_animation" style="display:none"><img src='/assets/pkgd/images/more_search_result_loading_animation.gif' width='32' height='32'/></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class='mapnav_container'> <div class='icon-map_nav' id='mapnav_compass'> <div data-direction='north' class='mapnav_compass_arrow' id='mapnav_north'></div> <div data-direction='south' class='mapnav_compass_arrow' id='mapnav_south'></div> <div data-direction='east' class='mapnav_compass_arrow' id='mapnav_east'></div> <div data-direction='west' class='mapnav_compass_arrow' id='mapnav_west'></div> </div> <div id='mapnav_zoom_in' class='icon-map_zoom'></div> <div id='mapnav_zoom_out' class='icon-map_zoom_out'></div> <div id='mapnav_zoom_fit' class='icon-map_zoom_to_fit'></div> </div> <div id='map_article_hover'> <div id='map_article_hover_headline'>ASTRONAUTS SWING INTO ORBIT IN PREPARATION FOR TODAY’S LANDING</div> <div id='map_article_hover_show_summary'>SHOW SUMMARY</div> </div> <div id='missing_issue_modal'> <div id='missing_issue_modal_title'>TimesMachine</div> <div id='missing_issue_modal_sorry'></div> <div id='mim_change_date_error_message'></div> <div class="change_date_form" role="search"> <div id="mim_change_date_control"> <input name="change_date_input" type="tel" pattern="[0-9]*" class="formatted_text_input change_date_input text change_date_component" autocomplete="off" id='mim_date_picking_field'> <button id="mim_go_change_date_button" class="view-in-timesmachine-button" type="submit">View in TimesMachine</button> </div><!-- close control --> <div id='mim_change_date_info_box'>TimesMachine contains every New York Times newspaper published from September 18, 1851 to December 31, 1980.</div> </div> </div> <!-- THE MAIN POINT OF ENTRY --> <script type="text/javascript" language="JavaScript" data-main="/assets/pkgd/js/bundle/reader/delorean.js" src="/assets/pkgd/js/frameworks/require.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" language="JavaScript" src="/assets/pkgd/js/bundle/inline.js"></script> </body> </html>