CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Kevin Cramer - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"0410617b-edd0-42c4-88ae-86369270feac","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Kevin_Cramer","wgTitle":"Kevin Cramer","wgCurRevisionId":1260298705,"wgRevisionId":1260298705,"wgArticleId":11549178,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["CS1 maint: archived copy as title","All articles with dead external links","Articles with dead external links from September 2017","Articles with permanently dead external links","Webarchive template wayback links","CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list","Articles with short description","Short description matches Wikidata","Articles with hAudio microformats","All articles with unsourced statements","Articles with unsourced statements from September 2024", "All articles lacking reliable references","Articles lacking reliable references from December 2019","People appearing on C-SPAN","1961 births","20th-century American politicians","21st-century American politicians","Concordia College (Moorhead, Minnesota) alumni","Living people","North Dakota Public Service Commissioners","North Dakota Republicans","People from Cass County, North Dakota","People from Rolette County, North Dakota","Politicians from Bismarck, North Dakota","Republican Party United States senators from North Dakota","Republican Party members of the United States House of Representatives from North Dakota","University of Mary alumni","American gun rights activists"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Kevin_Cramer","wgRelevantArticleId":11549178,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia", "wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":80000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q3957020","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={ "ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","ext.tmh.player.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","ext.tmh.player","mediawiki.page.media","ext.scribunto.logs","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init", "ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.tmh.player.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.5"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Kevin_Cramer%2C_official_portrait%2C_116th_congress_2.jpg/1200px-Kevin_Cramer%2C_official_portrait%2C_116th_congress_2.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1500"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Kevin_Cramer%2C_official_portrait%2C_116th_congress_2.jpg/800px-Kevin_Cramer%2C_official_portrait%2C_116th_congress_2.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1000"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Kevin_Cramer%2C_official_portrait%2C_116th_congress_2.jpg/640px-Kevin_Cramer%2C_official_portrait%2C_116th_congress_2.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="800"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Kevin Cramer - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kevin_Cramer"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Kevin_Cramer&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kevin_Cramer"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Kevin_Cramer rootpage-Kevin_Cramer skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Kevin+Cramer" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Kevin+Cramer" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Kevin+Cramer" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Kevin+Cramer" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Early_life_and_education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_life_and_education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Early life and education</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_life_and_education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Early_career" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_career"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Early career</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_career-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-North_Dakota_Public_Service_Commission_(2003–2012)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#North_Dakota_Public_Service_Commission_(2003–2012)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>North Dakota Public Service Commission (2003–2012)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-North_Dakota_Public_Service_Commission_(2003–2012)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-U.S._House_of_Representatives_(2013–2019)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#U.S._House_of_Representatives_(2013–2019)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>U.S. House of Representatives (2013–2019)</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-U.S._House_of_Representatives_(2013–2019)-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle U.S. House of Representatives (2013–2019) subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-U.S._House_of_Representatives_(2013–2019)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Elections" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Elections"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Elections</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Elections-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-1996" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1996"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.1</span> <span>1996</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1996-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1998" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1998"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.2</span> <span>1998</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1998-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2010" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2010"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.3</span> <span>2010</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2010-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2012" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2012"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.4</span> <span>2012</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2012-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2014" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2014"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.5</span> <span>2014</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2014-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2016" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2016"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.6</span> <span>2016</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2016-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tenure_and_political_positions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tenure_and_political_positions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Tenure and political positions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tenure_and_political_positions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Abortion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Abortion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.1</span> <span>Abortion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Abortion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Donald_Trump" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Donald_Trump"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.2</span> <span>Donald Trump</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Donald_Trump-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Environment_and_energy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Environment_and_energy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.3</span> <span>Environment and energy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Environment_and_energy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Food_stamps" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Food_stamps"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.4</span> <span>Food stamps</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Food_stamps-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gun_policy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gun_policy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.5</span> <span>Gun policy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gun_policy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Health_care" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Health_care"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.6</span> <span>Health care</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Health_care-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-LGBT_rights" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#LGBT_rights"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.7</span> <span>LGBT rights</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-LGBT_rights-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Supreme_Court_nomination_of_Brett_Kavanaugh" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Supreme_Court_nomination_of_Brett_Kavanaugh"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.8</span> <span>Supreme Court nomination of Brett Kavanaugh</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Supreme_Court_nomination_of_Brett_Kavanaugh-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Taxes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Taxes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.9</span> <span>Taxes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Taxes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Violence_Against_Women_Act" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Violence_Against_Women_Act"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.10</span> <span>Violence Against Women Act</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Violence_Against_Women_Act-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-U.S._Senate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#U.S._Senate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>U.S. Senate</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-U.S._Senate-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle U.S. Senate subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-U.S._Senate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Elections_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Elections_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Elections</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Elections_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-2018" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2018"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.1</span> <span>2018</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2018-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2024" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2024"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.2</span> <span>2024</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2024-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tenure" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tenure"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Tenure</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tenure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Personal_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Personal_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Personal life</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Personal_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Electoral_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Electoral_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Electoral history</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Electoral_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Kevin Cramer</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 22 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-22" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">22 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%81%D9%86_%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%85%D8%B1" title="كيفن كريمر – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كيفن كريمر" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%86_%DA%A9%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%B1" title="کوین کریمر – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="کوین کریمر" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kevin_Cramer" title="Kevin Cramer – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Kevin Cramer" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kevin_Cramer" title="Kevin Cramer – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kevin Cramer" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%AD%CE%B2%CE%B9%CE%BD_%CE%9A%CF%81%CE%AD%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%B5%CF%81" title="Κέβιν Κρέιμερ – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Κέβιν Κρέιμερ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kevin_Cramer" title="Kevin Cramer – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Kevin Cramer" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%86_%DA%A9%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%B1" title="کوین کریمر – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کوین کریمر" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kevin_Cramer" title="Kevin Cramer – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Kevin Cramer" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kevin_Cramer" title="Kevin Cramer – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Kevin Cramer" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%95%D7%99%D7%9F_%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%A8" title="קווין קריימר – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קווין קריימר" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kevin_Cramer" title="Kevin Cramer – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Kevin Cramer" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kevin_Cramer" title="Kevin Cramer – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Kevin Cramer" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%8A%DA%A4%D9%8A%D9%86_%D9%83%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%B1" title="كيڤين كرامير – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="كيڤين كرامير" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kevin_Cramer" title="Kevin Cramer – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kevin Cramer" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kevin_Cramer" title="Kevin Cramer – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Kevin Cramer" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kevin_Cramer_(pol%C3%ADtico)" title="Kevin Cramer (político) – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Kevin Cramer (político)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80,_%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Крамер, Кевин – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Крамер, Кевин" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kevin_Cramer" title="Kevin Cramer – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Kevin Cramer" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kevin_Cramer" title="Kevin Cramer – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kevin Cramer" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kevin_Cramer" title="Kevin Cramer – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kevin Cramer" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%BD_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Кевін Крамер – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Кевін Крамер" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%87%B1%E6%96%87%C2%B7%E5%85%8B%E6%8B%89%E9%BB%98" title="凱文·克拉默 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="凱文·克拉默" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3957020#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Kevin_Cramer" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Kevin_Cramer" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Kevin_Cramer"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kevin_Cramer&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kevin_Cramer&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Kevin_Cramer"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kevin_Cramer&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kevin_Cramer&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Kevin_Cramer" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Kevin_Cramer" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kevin_Cramer&oldid=1260298705" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kevin_Cramer&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Kevin_Cramer&id=1260298705&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FKevin_Cramer"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FKevin_Cramer"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Kevin_Cramer&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kevin_Cramer&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Kevin_Cramer" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikiquote mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Kevin_Cramer" hreflang="en"><span>Wikiquote</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikisource mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:Kevin_John_Cramer" hreflang="en"><span>Wikisource</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3957020" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American politician (born 1961)</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Kevin_Kramer" title="Kevin Kramer">Kevin Kramer</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Senator Cramer" redirects here. For the Connecticut State Senate member, see <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_F._Cramer" title="Kenneth F. Cramer">Kenneth F. Cramer</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Kevin Cramer</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Kevin_Cramer,_official_portrait,_116th_congress_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Kevin_Cramer%2C_official_portrait%2C_116th_congress_2.jpg/220px-Kevin_Cramer%2C_official_portrait%2C_116th_congress_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="275" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Kevin_Cramer%2C_official_portrait%2C_116th_congress_2.jpg/330px-Kevin_Cramer%2C_official_portrait%2C_116th_congress_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Kevin_Cramer%2C_official_portrait%2C_116th_congress_2.jpg/440px-Kevin_Cramer%2C_official_portrait%2C_116th_congress_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6158" data-file-height="7698" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-top:0.2em;">Official portrait, 2019</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">United States Senator</a><br />from <a href="/wiki/North_Dakota" title="North Dakota">North Dakota</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><div class="skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="width:100%; margin:0; color: black; background-color: lavender"><b><a href="/wiki/Incumbent" title="Incumbent">Incumbent</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>Assumed office</b></span> <br />January 3, 2019<div style="line-height:normal; padding-top:0.2em; padding-bottom:0.1em">Serving with <a href="/wiki/John_Hoeven" title="John Hoeven">John Hoeven</a></div></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Heidi_Heitkamp" title="Heidi Heitkamp">Heidi Heitkamp</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Member of the <span style="display: inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">U.S. House of Representatives</a></span><br />from <a href="/wiki/North_Dakota" title="North Dakota">North Dakota</a>'s <span data-sort-value="North DakotaAL !"><a href="/wiki/North_Dakota%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="North Dakota's at-large congressional district">at-large</a></span> district</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />January 3, 2013 – January 3, 2019</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Rick_Berg" title="Rick Berg">Rick Berg</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Kelly_Armstrong" title="Kelly Armstrong">Kelly Armstrong</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Member of the <a href="/wiki/North_Dakota_Public_Service_Commission" title="North Dakota Public Service Commission">North Dakota Public Service Commission</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />August 1, 2003 – December 31, 2012</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Leo_M._Reinbold" title="Leo M. Reinbold">Leo Reinbold</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Julie_Fedorchak" title="Julie Fedorchak">Julie Fedorchak</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Chair of the <a href="/wiki/North_Dakota_Republican_Party" title="North Dakota Republican Party">North Dakota Republican Party</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />July 1991 – May 1993</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Layton_Freborg" title="Layton Freborg">Layton Freborg</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/John_Korsmo" title="John Korsmo">John Korsmo</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Kevin John Cramer</div><br /><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday">1961-01-21</span>) </span>January 21, 1961<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age 63)</span><br /><a href="/wiki/Rolette,_North_Dakota" title="Rolette, North Dakota">Rolette, North Dakota</a>, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;">Kris Neumann</div> <div style="display:inline-block;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1986)<wbr /></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">5</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Concordia_College_(Moorhead,_Minnesota)" title="Concordia College (Moorhead, Minnesota)">Concordia College</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Arts" title="Bachelor of Arts">BA</a>)<br /><a href="/wiki/University_of_Mary" title="University of Mary">University of Mary</a> (<a href="/wiki/Master_of_Arts" title="Master of Arts">MA</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cramer.senate.gov/">Senate website</a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1096940132">.mw-parser-output .listen .side-box-text{line-height:1.1em}.mw-parser-output .listen-plain{border:none;background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .listen-embedded{width:100%;margin:0;border-width:1px 0 0 0;background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .listen-header{padding:2px}.mw-parser-output .listen-embedded .listen-header{padding:2px 0}.mw-parser-output .listen-file-header{padding:4px 0}.mw-parser-output .listen .description{padding-top:2px}.mw-parser-output .listen .mw-tmh-player{max-width:100%}@media(max-width:719px){.mw-parser-output .listen{clear:both}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .listen:not(.listen-noimage){width:320px}.mw-parser-output .listen-left{overflow:visible;float:left}.mw-parser-output .listen-center{float:none;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-left listen noprint listen-embedded listen-noimage listen-center"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><div class="haudio"> <div class="listen-file-header"><a href="/wiki/File:Kevin_Cramer_Outlines_the_REGROW_Act_in_Opening_Remarks_at_ENR_Committee_Hearing.ogg" title="File:Kevin Cramer Outlines the REGROW Act in Opening Remarks at ENR Committee Hearing.ogg">Kevin Cramer's voice</a></div> <div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="215" style="width:215px;" data-durationhint="269" data-mwtitle="Kevin_Cramer_Outlines_the_REGROW_Act_in_Opening_Remarks_at_ENR_Committee_Hearing.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c6/Kevin_Cramer_Outlines_the_REGROW_Act_in_Opening_Remarks_at_ENR_Committee_Hearing.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c6/Kevin_Cramer_Outlines_the_REGROW_Act_in_Opening_Remarks_at_ENR_Committee_Hearing.ogg/Kevin_Cramer_Outlines_the_REGROW_Act_in_Opening_Remarks_at_ENR_Committee_Hearing.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span></span></div> <div class="description">Kevin Cramer Outlines the REGROW Act in Opening Remarks at ENR Committee Hearing<br />Recorded June 16, 2021</div></div></div></div> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Kevin John Cramer</b> (born January 21, 1961) is an American politician who has served as the <a href="/wiki/Seniority_in_the_United_States_Senate" title="Seniority in the United States Senate">junior</a> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">United States senator</a> for <a href="/wiki/North_Dakota" title="North Dakota">North Dakota</a> since 2019.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="Birthdate and middle not sourced in article body. (September 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> A member of the <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican Party</a>, he represented <a href="/wiki/North_Dakota%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="North Dakota's at-large congressional district">North Dakota's at-large congressional district</a> in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">United States House of Representatives</a> from 2013 to 2019. </p><p>Cramer chaired the <a href="/wiki/North_Dakota_Republican_Party" title="North Dakota Republican Party">North Dakota Republican Party</a> from 1991 to 1993 and served as state Tourism Director from 1993 to 1997 and state Economic Development Director from 1997 to 2000. He served on the <a href="/wiki/North_Dakota_Public_Service_Commission" title="North Dakota Public Service Commission">state Public Service Commission</a> from 2003 to 2012. In <a href="/wiki/2012_United_States_House_of_Representatives_election_in_North_Dakota" title="2012 United States House of Representatives election in North Dakota">2012</a>, he won election to the U.S. House of Representatives. In <a href="/wiki/2012_United_States_Senate_election_in_North_Dakota" title="2012 United States Senate election in North Dakota">2018</a>, he defeated Senator <a href="/wiki/Heidi_Heitkamp" title="Heidi Heitkamp">Heidi Heitkamp</a> to win his first Senate term, becoming the first Republican to be elected to North Dakota's <a href="/wiki/Classes_of_United_States_senators" title="Classes of United States senators">Class I</a> Senate seat since <a href="/wiki/1958_United_States_Senate_election_in_North_Dakota" title="1958 United States Senate election in North Dakota">1958</a>. In <a href="/wiki/2024_United_States_Senate_election_in_North_Dakota" title="2024 United States Senate election in North Dakota">2024</a>, was reelected against <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> nominee Katrina Christiansen.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_education">Early life and education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kevin_Cramer&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life and education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Cramer was born in <a href="/wiki/Rolette,_North_Dakota" title="Rolette, North Dakota">Rolette, North Dakota</a>, the first of five children of Clarice (Hjelden) and Richard Cramer.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was raised in <a href="/wiki/Kindred,_North_Dakota" title="Kindred, North Dakota">Kindred, North Dakota</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Cass_County,_North_Dakota" title="Cass County, North Dakota">Cass County</a>, and graduated from Kindred High School. He received a B.A. degree from <a href="/wiki/Concordia_College_(Moorhead)" class="mw-redirect" title="Concordia College (Moorhead)">Concordia College</a> in <a href="/wiki/Moorhead,_Minnesota" title="Moorhead, Minnesota">Moorhead, Minnesota</a>, in 1983. He earned a master's degree in management from the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Mary" title="University of Mary">University of Mary</a> in <a href="/wiki/Bismarck,_North_Dakota" title="Bismarck, North Dakota">Bismarck, North Dakota</a>, in 2003.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_career">Early career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kevin_Cramer&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Early career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After college, Cramer campaigned for the Republican-endorsed tax commissioner candidate Scott Hove in 1984.<sup id="cite_ref-monthly_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-monthly-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1986, he campaigned for U.S. Senator <a href="/wiki/Mark_Andrews_(politician)" title="Mark Andrews (politician)">Mark Andrews</a> in his bid for reelection. Andrews narrowly lost to <a href="/wiki/North_Dakota_Democratic-Nonpartisan_League_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="North Dakota Democratic-Nonpartisan League Party">North Dakota Democratic-Nonpartisan League Party</a> <a href="/wiki/U.S._Senator" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Senator">U.S. Senator</a> <a href="/wiki/Kent_Conrad" title="Kent Conrad">Kent Conrad</a>. Cramer went to work for the state Republican Party.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Cramer served as chairman of the <a href="/wiki/North_Dakota_Republican_Party" title="North Dakota Republican Party">North Dakota Republican Party</a> from 1991 to 1993. At age 30, he was the youngest person to be named state party chairman.<sup id="cite_ref-monthly_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-monthly-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In May 1993, Republican <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_North_Dakota" title="Governor of North Dakota">Governor</a> <a href="/wiki/Ed_Schafer" title="Ed Schafer">Ed Schafer</a> appointed Cramer state Tourism Director. Cramer was preceded by Jim Fuglie<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and succeeded by Bob Martinson.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He served in the position until he was appointed Economic Development Director in June 1997. Cramer was preceded by Chuck Stroup<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and succeeded by Lee Peterson in December 2000 as the director.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-minot_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-minot-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Following his stint as director of economic development, Cramer became director of the Harold Schafer Leadership Foundation in 2000. He served in the position until 2003.<sup id="cite_ref-minot_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-minot-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="North_Dakota_Public_Service_Commission_(2003–2012)"><span id="North_Dakota_Public_Service_Commission_.282003.E2.80.932012.29"></span>North Dakota Public Service Commission (2003–2012)</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kevin_Cramer&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: North Dakota Public Service Commission (2003–2012)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2003, Governor <a href="/wiki/John_Hoeven" title="John Hoeven">John Hoeven</a> appointed Cramer to the <a href="/wiki/North_Dakota_Public_Service_Commission" title="North Dakota Public Service Commission">Public Service Commission</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was elected to a six-year term on the Public Service Commission in 2004, defeating NPL nominee Ron Gumeringer, 65–35%.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2010, Cramer was reelected to a second term on the Public Service Commission, defeating Democratic nominee <a href="/wiki/Brad_Crabtree" title="Brad Crabtree">Brad Crabtree</a> 61–35%.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He served on the commission until 2012.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="U.S._House_of_Representatives_(2013–2019)"><span id="U.S._House_of_Representatives_.282013.E2.80.932019.29"></span>U.S. House of Representatives (2013–2019)</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kevin_Cramer&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: U.S. House of Representatives (2013–2019)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kevin_Cramer,_official_portrait,_113th_Congress.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Kevin_Cramer%2C_official_portrait%2C_113th_Congress.jpg/220px-Kevin_Cramer%2C_official_portrait%2C_113th_Congress.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="266" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Kevin_Cramer%2C_official_portrait%2C_113th_Congress.jpg/330px-Kevin_Cramer%2C_official_portrait%2C_113th_Congress.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Kevin_Cramer%2C_official_portrait%2C_113th_Congress.jpg/440px-Kevin_Cramer%2C_official_portrait%2C_113th_Congress.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1210" /></a><figcaption>Cramer's first official portrait during the <a href="/wiki/113th_United_States_Congress" title="113th United States Congress">113th Congress</a></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Elections">Elections</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kevin_Cramer&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Elections"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="1996">1996</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kevin_Cramer&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: 1996"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1996, House Majority Leader <a href="/wiki/Dick_Armey" title="Dick Armey">Dick Armey</a> of Texas—a North Dakota native—persuaded Cramer to challenge Democratic U.S. Congressman <a href="/wiki/Earl_Pomeroy" title="Earl Pomeroy">Earl Pomeroy</a> for <a href="/wiki/North_Dakota%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="North Dakota's at-large congressional district">North Dakota's at-large congressional seat</a>. Pomeroy defeated him, 55%–43%.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="1998">1998</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kevin_Cramer&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: 1998"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1998, Cramer challenged Pomeroy again. Pomeroy won, 56%–41%.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="2010">2010</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kevin_Cramer&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: 2010"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On January 14, Cramer announced that he would run for North Dakota's seat in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">United States House of Representatives</a> for a third time in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives_election_in_North_Dakota,_2010" class="mw-redirect" title="United States House of Representatives election in North Dakota, 2010">2010 election</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In early 2010, he appeared at North Dakota town hall meetings, where he opposed the <a href="/wiki/Patient_Protection_and_Affordable_Care_Act" class="mw-redirect" title="Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act">Affordable Care Act</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cramer attended numerous <a href="/wiki/Tea_party_movement" class="mw-redirect" title="Tea party movement">Tea Party rallies</a> in North Dakota, speaking about energy, taxes, jobs and the U.S. Constitution.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint noexcerpt Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:NOTRS" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:NOTRS"><span title="This claim needs references to better sources. (December 2019)">better source needed</span></a></i>]</sup> At the state Republican Party convention in March 2010, former House Majority Leader <a href="/wiki/Rick_Berg" title="Rick Berg">Rick Berg</a> won the Republican congressional nomination; Berg was elected to Congress in November.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="2012">2012</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kevin_Cramer&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: 2012"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/2012_United_States_House_of_Representatives_election_in_North_Dakota" title="2012 United States House of Representatives election in North Dakota">2012 United States House of Representatives election in North Dakota</a></div> <p>In 2012, Berg retired in order to run for the U.S. Senate. Cramer decided to run for the seat a fourth time. </p><p>Various national conservative groups, include <a href="/wiki/FreedomWorks" title="FreedomWorks">FreedomWorks</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Club_for_Growth" title="Club for Growth">Club for Growth</a>, endorsed Cramer, while Berg endorsed Cramer's rival, fellow <a href="/wiki/North_Dakota_Public_Service_Commission" title="North Dakota Public Service Commission">Public Service Commissioner</a> <a href="/wiki/Brian_Kalk" title="Brian Kalk">Brian Kalk</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the Republican <a href="/wiki/Partisan_primary" class="mw-redirect" title="Partisan primary">primary election</a> in June 2012, Cramer received 54,405 votes (54%) to Kalk's 45,415 (45%).<sup id="cite_ref-primary2012_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-primary2012-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the November 2012 general election Cramer defeated <a href="/wiki/North_Dakota_Democratic-Nonpartisan_League_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="North Dakota Democratic-Nonpartisan League Party">Democratic-NPL</a> <a href="/wiki/North_Dakota_House_of_Representatives" title="North Dakota House of Representatives">State Representative</a> <a href="/wiki/Pam_Gulleson" title="Pam Gulleson">Pam Gulleson</a>, with 173,585 votes (55%) to Gulleson's 131,870 (42%). <a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Party_(United_States)" title="Libertarian Party (United States)">Libertarian Party</a> candidate Eric Olson received about 3% of the vote.<sup id="cite_ref-general2012_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-general2012-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was sworn in on January 3, 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="2014">2014</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kevin_Cramer&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: 2014"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/2014_United_States_House_of_Representatives_election_in_North_Dakota" title="2014 United States House of Representatives election in North Dakota">2014 United States House of Representatives election in North Dakota</a></div> <p>In 2014 Cramer ran for reelection and was unopposed in the Republican primary.<sup id="cite_ref-primary2014_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-primary2014-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He won the general election with 55% of the vote, defeating Democratic-NPL nominee <a href="/wiki/George_B._Sinner" title="George B. Sinner">George B. Sinner</a>, who received 38%. Libertarian candidate Jack Seaman received slightly under 6%.<sup id="cite_ref-general2014_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-general2014-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="2016">2016</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kevin_Cramer&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: 2016"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/2016_United_States_House_of_Representatives_election_in_North_Dakota" title="2016 United States House of Representatives election in North Dakota">2016 United States House of Representatives election in North Dakota</a></div> <p>In 2016 Cramer ran for a third term in Congress. He was unopposed in the primary<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and defeated Democratic-NPL nominee <a href="/wiki/Chase_Iron_Eyes" title="Chase Iron Eyes">Chase Iron Eyes</a>, a Native American activist, in the general election with 69% of the vote.<sup id="cite_ref-primary2016_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-primary2016-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tenure_and_political_positions">Tenure and political positions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kevin_Cramer&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Tenure and political positions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kevin_Cramer_(8567353784).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Kevin_Cramer_%288567353784%29.jpg/220px-Kevin_Cramer_%288567353784%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Kevin_Cramer_%288567353784%29.jpg/330px-Kevin_Cramer_%288567353784%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Kevin_Cramer_%288567353784%29.jpg/440px-Kevin_Cramer_%288567353784%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4752" data-file-height="3168" /></a><figcaption>Cramer speaking at the 2013 <a href="/wiki/Conservative_Political_Action_Conference" title="Conservative Political Action Conference">CPAC</a> in <a href="/wiki/National_Harbor,_Maryland" title="National Harbor, Maryland">National Harbor, Maryland</a>.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Abortion">Abortion</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kevin_Cramer&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Abortion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Cramer <a href="/wiki/Anti-abortion_movement" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-abortion movement">opposes abortion</a>. He is a critic of <a href="/wiki/Planned_Parenthood" title="Planned Parenthood">Planned Parenthood</a> and has called for cutting off public funding of the group.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2013 Cramer condemned the Supreme Court decision <i><a href="/wiki/Roe_v._Wade" title="Roe v. Wade">Roe v. Wade</a></i> and tied an uptick in mass shootings to the <a href="/wiki/Legalization_of_abortion" class="mw-redirect" title="Legalization of abortion">legalization of abortion</a> and a decline in religious values.<sup id="cite_ref-TerkelSchoolShootings_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TerkelSchoolShootings-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This remark was criticized by the director of the North Dakota Democratic Party and in <i><a href="/wiki/Cosmopolitan_(magazine)" title="Cosmopolitan (magazine)">Cosmopolitan</a></i>. Cramer said, "I was asked recently by a reporter if I am afraid that some people would attack me if I speak like this. And I said, 'No, I am not afraid they will, I am quite certain they will.'"<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the same speech, Cramer said of U.S. society: "We have normalized perversion and perverted God's natural law."<sup id="cite_ref-TerkelSchoolShootings_32-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TerkelSchoolShootings-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Donald_Trump">Donald Trump</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kevin_Cramer&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Donald Trump"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Cramer has been closely allied with <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a> since Trump announced his candidacy for president in 2016, and was "one of a handful of early Trump endorsers" among U.S. House Republicans.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Cramer supported Trump's 2017 <a href="/wiki/Executive_Order_13769" title="Executive Order 13769">executive order</a> banning entry to the U.S. by citizens of seven Muslim-majority countries, saying, "I think what Donald Trump is doing is he's pulling America's head out of the sand and facing the reality that we have not been kept very safe by current immigration and refugee policies."<sup id="cite_ref-Blake1_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Blake1-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He has been described as one of Trump's allies in Congress and pledged to be with Trump "100 percent of the time".<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In February 2017, during Trump's first address to a joint session of Congress, House Minority Leader <a href="/wiki/Nancy_Pelosi" title="Nancy Pelosi">Nancy Pelosi</a> and a number of other female Democratic members of Congress wore white, a color honoring suffragettes. Cramer mocked them, saying Pelosi dressed "poorly" and remarking, "It is a syndrome. There is no question, there is a disease associated with the notion that a bunch of women would wear bad-looking white pantsuits in solidarity with <a href="/wiki/Hillary_Clinton" title="Hillary Clinton">Hillary Clinton</a> to celebrate her loss. You cannot get that weird."<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In June 2020, Cramer blocked bipartisan legislation to sanction <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> over its actions to undermine <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a>'s independence—legislation he had co-sponsored—because the <a href="/wiki/First_presidency_of_Donald_Trump" title="First presidency of Donald Trump">Trump administration</a> requested that he do so.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On May 28, 2021, Cramer voted against creating an independent commission to investigate the <a href="/wiki/2021_United_States_Capitol_attack" class="mw-redirect" title="2021 United States Capitol attack">2021 United States Capitol attack</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Environment_and_energy">Environment and energy</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kevin_Cramer&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Environment and energy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Cramer rejects the <a href="/wiki/Scientific_opinion_on_climate_change" class="mw-redirect" title="Scientific opinion on climate change">scientific consensus on climate change</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Schreckinger_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schreckinger-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-goode_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-goode-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He has said that he would support a small <a href="/wiki/Carbon_tax" title="Carbon tax">carbon tax</a> if the revenue went to <a href="/wiki/Research_and_development" title="Research and development">research and development</a> on clean fuel.<sup id="cite_ref-Schreckinger_41-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schreckinger-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-goode_42-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-goode-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a> has described Cramer as "one of America's most ardent drilling advocates."<sup id="cite_ref-Volcovici_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Volcovici-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He supports an increase in oil and gas drilling on <a href="/wiki/Public_lands" class="mw-redirect" title="Public lands">public lands</a> and cutting taxes for energy producers, and opposes what he characterizes as overreach by the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Environmental_Protection_Agency" title="United States Environmental Protection Agency">United States Environmental Protection Agency</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In May 2016 Trump asked Cramer to draft his campaign's energy policy.<sup id="cite_ref-Volcovici_44-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Volcovici-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cramer wrote Trump's energy plan, which heavily promoted <a href="/wiki/Fossil_fuel" title="Fossil fuel">fossil fuels</a>, weakened environmental regulation, and vowed to withdraw the U.S. from the <a href="/wiki/Paris_Agreement" title="Paris Agreement">Paris Agreement</a> and repeal U.S. regulations of carbon emissions.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In June 2023, Cramer was the lead Republican sponsor of the <a href="/wiki/PROVE_IT_Act" title="PROVE IT Act">PROVE IT Act</a>, which would direct the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Energy" title="United States Department of Energy">United States Department of Energy</a> to collect data on the <a href="/wiki/Emission_intensity" title="Emission intensity">greenhouse gas intensity</a> of certain goods made in the United States and other countries, data that could enable trade policy addressing international disparities in environmental standards. He was joined by lead Democratic sponsor <a href="/wiki/Chris_Coons" title="Chris Coons">Chris Coons</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Dumain2024012_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dumain2024012-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Food_stamps">Food stamps</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kevin_Cramer&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Food stamps"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Cramer supports cuts in <a href="/wiki/Supplemental_Nutrition_Assistance_Program" title="Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program">Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program</a> (formerly the Food Stamp Program), and attracted controversy in 2013 when he cited a biblical quotation several times in support of Republicans' efforts to cut $40 billion from the program over ten years.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Gun_policy">Gun policy</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kevin_Cramer&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Gun policy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Cramer said that <a href="/wiki/Gun_control" title="Gun control">gun control</a> would not have prevented the <a href="/wiki/Orlando_nightclub_shooting" class="mw-redirect" title="Orlando nightclub shooting">Orlando nightclub shooting</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2016 he criticized proposed gun control legislation, saying, "The problem isn't the U.S. Constitution. The problem is Islamic terrorism."<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Health_care">Health care</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kevin_Cramer&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Health care"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Cramer opposes the <a href="/wiki/Patient_Protection_and_Affordable_Care_Act" class="mw-redirect" title="Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act">Affordable Care Act ("Obamacare")</a> and voted to repeal it without a replacement five times.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He has voted against health insurance protections for patients with <a href="/wiki/Pre-existing_condition" title="Pre-existing condition">preexisting conditions</a> and against the expansion of <a href="/wiki/Medicaid" title="Medicaid">Medicaid</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_55-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cramer has said that the <a href="/wiki/American_Health_Care_Act_of_2017" title="American Health Care Act of 2017">American Health Care Act of 2017</a>, the Republican bill he supported to repeal and replace Obamacare, would have prevented "price discrimination" against people with preexisting conditions; <i>The Washington Post</i> fact-checker called this assertion false.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a>, Cramer introduced legislation to ban vaccine and mask mandates.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He opposed adding unruly passengers to the "no-fly" list, saying that unruly passengers who refuse to comply with mask requirements are not the same as terrorists.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="LGBT_rights">LGBT rights</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kevin_Cramer&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: LGBT rights"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Cramer opposes <a href="/wiki/Same-sex_marriage_in_the_United_States" title="Same-sex marriage in the United States">same-sex marriage</a> and condemned the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Supreme Court of the United States">Supreme Court</a>'s decision in <i><a href="/wiki/Obergefell_v._Hodges" title="Obergefell v. Hodges">Obergefell v. Hodges</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:02_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Supreme_Court_nomination_of_Brett_Kavanaugh">Supreme Court nomination of Brett Kavanaugh</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kevin_Cramer&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Supreme Court nomination of Brett Kavanaugh"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2018, Cramer called both <a href="/wiki/Anita_Hill" title="Anita Hill">Anita Hill</a>'s sexual harassment allegation against <a href="/wiki/Clarence_Thomas" title="Clarence Thomas">Clarence Thomas</a> and <a href="/wiki/Christine_Blasey_Ford" title="Christine Blasey Ford">Christine Blasey Ford</a>'s sexual assault allegation against <a href="/wiki/Brett_Kavanaugh" title="Brett Kavanaugh">Brett Kavanaugh</a> "absurd". He called Ford's allegation "even more absurd" than Hill's because the sexual assault that Ford described "never went anywhere" and because both Kavanaugh and Ford were intoxicated teenagers.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cramer questioned whether Ford's allegation would disqualify Kavanaugh from the Supreme Court even if true, but said that if Kavanaugh were found to have lied in denying the allegation, that would be disqualifying.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Taxes">Taxes</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kevin_Cramer&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Taxes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Cramer has voted to repeal the <a href="/wiki/Estate_tax_in_the_United_States" title="Estate tax in the United States">estate tax</a>, which imposes a tax after the first several million dollars on a dead person's estate.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He supports <a href="/wiki/Trump_tariffs" title="Trump tariffs">Trump's 25% tax</a> on many types of imports, which may have decreased sales for North Dakota's soybean industry in 2018, but has said he believes the long-term benefits of a trade war are worth it.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Violence_Against_Women_Act">Violence Against Women Act</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kevin_Cramer&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Violence Against Women Act"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2013, at a forum on the <a href="/wiki/Violence_Against_Women_Act" title="Violence Against Women Act">Violence Against Women Act</a> (VAWA), Cramer engaged in "a testy exchange with Native American victim assistance leaders."<sup id="cite_ref-Johnson_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Johnson-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Schilling_69-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schilling-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He later issued a statement apologizing for his "tone and rhetoric" during the exchange.<sup id="cite_ref-Johnson_68-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Johnson-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cramer voted to reauthorize VAWA,<sup id="cite_ref-VotesVAWA_70-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-VotesVAWA-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but opposed language in the act that would allow <a href="/wiki/Tribal_court" title="Tribal court">tribal courts</a> to prosecute non-Natives "for abusing or assaulting Native American women on Indian land."<sup id="cite_ref-Crane-Murdoch_71-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Crane-Murdoch-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cramer asked, "How could a non-Native man get a fair trial on a reservation?"<sup id="cite_ref-Crane-Murdoch_71-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Crane-Murdoch-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and questioned the provision's constitutionality. He voted for an amendment to repeal it.<sup id="cite_ref-VotesVAWA_70-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-VotesVAWA-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><b>Committee assignments</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Committee_on_Energy_and_Commerce" title="United States House Committee on Energy and Commerce">Committee on Energy and Commerce</a><b><sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Energy_Subcommittee_on_Communications_and_Technology" title="United States House Energy Subcommittee on Communications and Technology">Subcommittee on Communications and Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Energy_Subcommittee_on_Environment_and_Economy" class="mw-redirect" title="United States House Energy Subcommittee on Environment and Economy">Subcommittee on Environment and the Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Energy_Subcommittee_on_Oversight_and_Investigations" title="United States House Energy Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations">Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations</a></li></ul></li></ul> <p><b>Caucus memberships</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Congressional_NextGen_9-1-1_Caucus" title="Congressional NextGen 9-1-1 Caucus">Congressional NextGen 9-1-1 Caucus</a><sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congressional_Western_Caucus" title="Congressional Western Caucus">Congressional Western Caucus</a><sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congressional_Coalition_on_Adoption" class="mw-redirect" title="Congressional Coalition on Adoption">Congressional Coalition on Adoption</a> (co-chair)<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="U.S._Senate">U.S. Senate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kevin_Cramer&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: U.S. Senate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kevin_Cramer,_official_portrait,_116th_congress_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Kevin_Cramer%2C_official_portrait%2C_116th_congress_%28cropped%29.jpg/170px-Kevin_Cramer%2C_official_portrait%2C_116th_congress_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="236" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Kevin_Cramer%2C_official_portrait%2C_116th_congress_%28cropped%29.jpg/255px-Kevin_Cramer%2C_official_portrait%2C_116th_congress_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Kevin_Cramer%2C_official_portrait%2C_116th_congress_%28cropped%29.jpg/340px-Kevin_Cramer%2C_official_portrait%2C_116th_congress_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3200" data-file-height="4440" /></a><figcaption>Cramer during the <br /><a href="/wiki/116th_United_States_Congress" title="116th United States Congress">116th Congress</a></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Elections_2">Elections</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kevin_Cramer&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Elections"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="2018">2018</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kevin_Cramer&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: 2018"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/2018_United_States_Senate_election_in_North_Dakota" title="2018 United States Senate election in North Dakota">2018 United States Senate election in North Dakota</a></div> <p>On January 11, 2018, after months of speculation, Cramer announced<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> that he would not seek the Republican nomination for U.S. Senate to run against <a href="/wiki/North_Dakota_Democratic%E2%80%93Nonpartisan_League_Party" title="North Dakota Democratic–Nonpartisan League Party">Democratic-NPL</a> incumbent <a href="/wiki/Heidi_Heitkamp" title="Heidi Heitkamp">Heidi Heitkamp</a> and would instead run for reelection to the U.S. House.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On February 15, he announced that he had changed his mind and would run for the Senate.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Odney advertising firm president Pat Finken served as Cramer's campaign manager.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On April 7,<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cramer won the <a href="/wiki/North_Dakota_Republican_Party" title="North Dakota Republican Party">North Dakota Republican Party</a>'s endorsement. Three days later, his campaign announced it had raised $1.35 million in the first quarter of 2018, most of it in late February and March.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In June 2018, <i>The Washington Post</i> reported that Cramer had contacted the <a href="/wiki/White_House" title="White House">White House</a> to seek political help in his Senate campaign and was upset that Trump had not publicly criticized Heitkamp in the same way that he had criticized other Democrats.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_82-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cramer later publicly criticized White House staff and argued that Trump was refraining because Heitkamp was a woman.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_82-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Trump scheduled a trip to North Dakota that month to campaign for Cramer, a trip that <i>Politico</i> reported "could go a long way toward extinguishing tensions between the White House and the Senate hopeful."<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During his 2018 campaign, Cramer sought and received the support of the <a href="/wiki/Public_Advocate_of_the_United_States" title="Public Advocate of the United States">Public Advocate of the United States</a>, an anti-<a href="/wiki/LGBT" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT">LGBT</a> group that advocates <a href="/wiki/Conversion_therapy" title="Conversion therapy">conversion therapy</a> and ties <a href="/wiki/Homosexuality" title="Homosexuality">homosexuality</a> to <a href="/wiki/Pedophilia" title="Pedophilia">pedophilia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:02_62-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In an eight-question survey for the group, Cramer said he would oppose "'Transgender Bathrooms' legislation and regulations—which have the effect of encouraging and protecting pedophiles".<sup id="cite_ref-:02_62-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He also agreed with the organization that "public schools should be 'prevented from brainwashing elementary school children with the Homosexual Agenda.'"<sup id="cite_ref-:02_62-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cramer supported requiring schools to teach that there are only two <a href="/wiki/Gender" title="Gender">genders</a> and granting Christian businesses the right to not service same-sex weddings.<sup id="cite_ref-:02_62-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A spokesman for him said: "Let's be clear. Congressman Cramer doesn't support the teaching of history with any special emphasis on any particular group. History is history and should be taught as such. Additionally, Kevin does not think <a href="/wiki/Transgender" title="Transgender">transgender</a> people are at all comparable to pedophiles—this a gross misinterpretation of the survey question."<sup id="cite_ref-:02_62-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Cramer won the Republican nomination for the U.S. Senate on June 12, 2018.<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The next month, a spokesperson for the political network organized by the <a href="/wiki/Koch_brothers" class="mw-redirect" title="Koch brothers">Koch brothers</a> announced that they would not financially support Cramer's campaign because the brothers viewed him as insufficiently supportive of <a href="/wiki/Free_trade" title="Free trade">free trade</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fiscal_conservatism" title="Fiscal conservatism">fiscal conservatism</a>, and because they felt he held other views inconsistent with theirs.<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the November 6 general election, Cramer defeated Heitkamp<sup id="cite_ref-abc6Nov18_86-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-abc6Nov18-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with 55% of the vote to Heitkamp's 44%.<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="2024">2024</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kevin_Cramer&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: 2024"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Cramer is running for reelection against Democratic nominee Katrina Christiansen in <a href="/wiki/2024_United_States_Senate_election_in_North_Dakota" title="2024 United States Senate election in North Dakota">2024</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tenure">Tenure</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kevin_Cramer&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Tenure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In July 2019, Cramer said he favored lawsuits seeking to overturn Obamacare.<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The same year, he held up the confirmation of a White House budget official in order to get the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Army_Corps_of_Engineers" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Army Corps of Engineers">U.S. Army Corps of Engineers</a> to release sensitive documents about <a href="/wiki/Trump%27s_border_wall" class="mw-redirect" title="Trump's border wall">border wall</a> construction.<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cramer had pushed the Army Corps to use a North Dakota firm run by his 2018 campaign donor Tommy Fisher. Fisher donated $10,000 to Cramer's campaign and was also Cramer's guest at the <a href="/wiki/2018_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="2018 State of the Union Address">2018 State of the Union Address</a>, where he shook Trump's hand.<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In December 2019, <a href="/wiki/Fisher_Industries" title="Fisher Industries">Fisher Industries</a> and the Fisher Sand and Gravel <a href="/wiki/Subsidiary" title="Subsidiary">subsidiary</a>, run by a Trump donor, were awarded the $400 million contract.<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Fisher Sand & Gravel had been previously fined $1.16 million for violating tax laws,<sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and racked up 1,300 air-quality violations and over $625,000 in fines.<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In October 2019, Cramer defended Trump's decision to host the <a href="/wiki/G7" title="G7">G7</a> conference at the <a href="/wiki/Trump_National_Doral_Miami" title="Trump National Doral Miami">Trump National Doral Miami</a>, a resort Trump owns. Cramer said, "I don’t have any concerns about it other than just politically how it appears", and praised Trump for the "tremendous integrity in his boldness and his transparency" in deciding to select his own property for the summit.<sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lack of support from Trump's Republican allies who were weary of defending him led Trump to quickly abandon his plans, as customary congressional support withered.<sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In December 2019, at Trump's request, Cramer cast the only vote against a Senate motion <a href="/wiki/United_States_recognition_of_the_Armenian_Genocide" class="mw-redirect" title="United States recognition of the Armenian Genocide">to recognize</a> the <a href="/wiki/Armenian_genocide" title="Armenian genocide">Armenian genocide</a>, passage of which required unanimous consent. Trump opposed the motion because of his relationship with Turkish President <a href="/wiki/Recep_Tayyip_Erdo%C4%9Fan" title="Recep Tayyip Erdoğan">Recep Tayyip Erdoğan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Senator <a href="/wiki/Lindsey_Graham" title="Lindsey Graham">Lindsey Graham</a> had voted against such a motion previously, but refused to do so after <a href="/wiki/2019_Turkish_offensive_into_north-eastern_Syria" title="2019 Turkish offensive into north-eastern Syria">Trump withdrew of a contingent of U.S. troops</a>, allowing the Turks to attack the US's <a href="/wiki/Kurds" title="Kurds">Kurdish allies</a> who had rolled back the <a href="/wiki/Islamic_State_in_Syria" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamic State in Syria">Islamic State in Syria</a>'s forces.<sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On March 24, 2020, Cramer tweeted that <a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Speaker of the United States House of Representatives">House Speaker</a> <a href="/wiki/Nancy_Pelosi" title="Nancy Pelosi">Nancy Pelosi</a> was “retarded.” He later deleted the tweet and apologized, saying he had intended to write “ridiculous”,<sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> blaming autocorrect and his "fat fingers".<sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After <a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Joe Biden</a> won the <a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_presidential_election" title="2020 United States presidential election">2020 presidential election</a> and Trump refused to concede and made <a href="/wiki/Attempts_to_overturn_the_2020_United_States_presidential_election" title="Attempts to overturn the 2020 United States presidential election">numerous baseless claims of fraud</a>, Cramer at first defended Trump<sup id="cite_ref-105" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but later said "the election was not stolen" and that he had "moved on a long time ago".<sup id="cite_ref-106" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-107" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In May 2022, Cramer expressed support for former Secretary of State <a href="/wiki/Mike_Pompeo" title="Mike Pompeo">Mike Pompeo</a>'s potential candidacy in the <a href="/wiki/2024_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2024 Republican Party presidential primaries">2024 Republican presidential primary</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-108" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In June 2023, Cramer endorsed North Dakota <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_North_Dakota" title="Governor of North Dakota">Governor</a> <a href="/wiki/Doug_Burgum" title="Doug Burgum">Doug Burgum</a> for president.<sup id="cite_ref-Cramer_109-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cramer-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After Burgum dropped out of the race on December 4, Cramer endorsed Trump.<sup id="cite_ref-110" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><b>Committee assignments</b> </p><p>For the <a href="/wiki/116th_United_States_Congress" title="116th United States Congress">116th United States Congress</a>, Cramer was named to five Senate committees.<sup id="cite_ref-111" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They are: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Armed_Services" title="United States Senate Committee on Armed Services">Committee on Armed Services</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Armed_Services_Subcommittee_on_Airland" title="United States Senate Armed Services Subcommittee on Airland">Subcommittee on Airland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Armed_Services_Subcommittee_on_Emerging_Threats_and_Capabilities" title="United States Senate Armed Services Subcommittee on Emerging Threats and Capabilities">Subcommittee on Emerging Threats and Capabilities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Armed_Services_Subcommittee_on_Strategic_Forces" title="United States Senate Armed Services Subcommittee on Strategic Forces">Subcommittee on Strategic Forces</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Banking,_Housing,_and_Urban_Affairs" title="United States Senate Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs">Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Banking_Subcommittee_on_Economic_Policy" title="United States Senate Banking Subcommittee on Economic Policy">Subcommittee on Economic Policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Banking_Subcommittee_on_Financial_Institutions_and_Consumer_Protection" title="United States Senate Banking Subcommittee on Financial Institutions and Consumer Protection">Subcommittee on Financial Institutions and Consumer Protection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Banking_Subcommittee_on_Housing,_Transportation,_and_Community_Development" title="United States Senate Banking Subcommittee on Housing, Transportation, and Community Development">Subcommittee on Housing, Transportation and Community Development</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Environment_and_Public_Works" title="United States Senate Committee on Environment and Public Works">Committee on Environment and Public Works</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Environment_Subcommittee_on_Clean_Air_and_Nuclear_Safety" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Senate Environment Subcommittee on Clean Air and Nuclear Safety">Subcommittee on Clean Air and Nuclear Safety</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Environment_Subcommittee_on_Fisheries,_Water_and_Wildlife" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Senate Environment Subcommittee on Fisheries, Water and Wildlife">Subcommittee on Fisheries, Water and Wildlife</a> (Chair)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Environment_Subcommittee_on_Transportation_and_Infrastructure" title="United States Senate Environment Subcommittee on Transportation and Infrastructure">Subcommittee on Transportation and Infrastructure</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_the_Budget" title="United States Senate Committee on the Budget">Committee on the Budget</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Veterans%27_Affairs" title="United States Senate Committee on Veterans' Affairs">Committee on Veterans' Affairs</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kevin_Cramer&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Personal life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Cramer married Kris Neumann in 1986 and adopted her two sons, Isaac and Ian, from a previous marriage.<sup id="cite_ref-112" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-113" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of 2018, the Cramers have five children and five grandchildren.<sup id="cite_ref-114" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-115" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Their son Isaac died in 2018 due to complications of <a href="/wiki/Alcoholism" title="Alcoholism">alcoholism</a>. They had earlier adopted the young son of an ex-girlfriend of Isaac's, who had been killed by her abusive husband.<sup id="cite_ref-116" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Cramer co-chairs the <a href="/wiki/Roughrider" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Roughrider">Roughrider</a> <a href="/wiki/Honor_Flight" title="Honor Flight">Honor Flight</a> program. This program gives <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> veterans the chance to visit the <a href="/wiki/World_War_II_Memorial" title="World War II Memorial">World War II Memorial</a> in <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a><sup id="cite_ref-117" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In June 2022, Cramer suffered a serious injury to his right hand while doing yard work. The injury required immediate surgery and he remained in North Dakota due to a high risk of infection and the possible need for finger amputation.<sup id="cite_ref-118" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In December 2023, Cramer's son Ian stole his mother's car and engaged in a high-speed pursuit that ended when Ian collided the car into a police vehicle, killing a deputy.<sup id="cite_ref-119" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-119"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On December 14, 2023, prosecutors announced that they would charge Ian Cramer with multiple crimes, including homicide.<sup id="cite_ref-120" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-120"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the event, Senator Cramer said that Ian "suffers from serious mental disorders which manifest in severe paranoia and hallucinations".<sup id="cite_ref-121" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-121"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Electoral_history">Electoral history</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kevin_Cramer&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Electoral history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="; margin-right:1em; font-size:95%"> <caption>Republican primary results, North Dakota, 2012<sup id="cite_ref-primary2012_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-primary2012-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 15em">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#E81B23;width:5px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><b><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></b> </td> <td class="fn"><b>Kevin Cramer </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em"><b>54,405 </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em"><b>54.4 </b> </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#E81B23;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td class="fn">Brian Kalk </td> <td style="text-align:right">45,415 </td> <td style="text-align:right">45.5 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color: #FFFFFF; width: 2px;"> </td> <td class="org" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Write-in_candidate" title="Write-in candidate">Write-in</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">113 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.1 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align:right;">Total votes </th> <td style="text-align:right;"><b>99,933 </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><b>100.0 </b> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders"> <caption>North Dakota's at-large congressional district, 2012<sup id="cite_ref-general2012_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-general2012-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 130px">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Change in percentage value since previous election">±%</span> </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#E81B23; width:5px;"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><b><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></b> </td> <td class="fn"><b>Kevin Cramer </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em"><b>173,585 </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em"><b>54.89% </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em"><b>+0.15% </b> </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="background-color: #0055AA; width: 5px;"> </td> <td class="org" style="width: 130px"><a href="/wiki/North_Dakota_Democratic-NPL_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="North Dakota Democratic-NPL Party">Democratic–NPL</a> </td> <td class="fn">Pam Gulleson </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">131,870 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">41.70% </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">−3.23% </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="background-color: #FED105; width: 5px;"> </td> <td class="org" style="width: 130px"><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Party_(United_States)" title="Libertarian Party (United States)">Libertarian</a> </td> <td class="fn">Eric Olson </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">10,261 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">3.24% </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">N/A </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color: white; width: 2px;"> </td> <td class="org" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Write-in_candidate" title="Write-in candidate">Write-in</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">508 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.16% </td> <td style="text-align:right;">-0.17% </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align:right;">Total votes </th> <td style="text-align:right;"><b>316,224 </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><b>100.0% </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">N/A </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:inherit;background-color: #E81B23;"> </td> <td colspan="5"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> <b>hold</b> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="; margin-right:1em; font-size:95%"> <caption>Republican primary results, 2014<sup id="cite_ref-primary2014_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-primary2014-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 15em">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#E81B23;width:5px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><b><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></b> </td> <td class="fn"><b>Kevin Cramer (incumbent) </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em"><b>50,188 </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em"><b>99.70 </b> </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color: #FFFFFF; width: 2px;"> </td> <td class="org" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Write-in_candidate" title="Write-in candidate">Write-in</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">151 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">00.30 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align:right;">Total votes </th> <td style="text-align:right;"><b>50,339 </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><b>100 </b> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders"> <caption>North Dakota's at-large congressional district, 2014<sup id="cite_ref-general2014_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-general2014-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 130px">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Change in percentage value since previous election">±%</span> </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#E81B23; width:5px;"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><b><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></b> </td> <td class="fn"><b>Kevin Cramer (incumbent) </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em"><b>138,100 </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em"><b>55.54% </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em"><b>+0.67% </b> </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="background-color: #0055AA; width: 5px;"> </td> <td class="org" style="width: 130px"><a href="/wiki/North_Dakota_Democratic-NPL_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="North Dakota Democratic-NPL Party">Democratic–NPL</a> </td> <td class="fn">George B. Sinner </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">95,678 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">38.48% </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">−3.24% </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="background-color: #FED105; width: 5px;"> </td> <td class="org" style="width: 130px"><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Party_(United_States)" title="Libertarian Party (United States)">Libertarian</a> </td> <td class="fn">Jack Seaman </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">14,531 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">5.84% </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">+2.59% </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color: white; width: 2px;"> </td> <td class="org" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Write-in_candidate" title="Write-in candidate">Write-in</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">361 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.15% </td> <td style="text-align:right;">-0.01% </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align:right;">Total votes </th> <td style="text-align:right;"><b>248,670 </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><b>100.0% </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">N/A </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:inherit;background-color: #E81B23;"> </td> <td colspan="5"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> <b>hold</b> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="; margin-right:1em; font-size:95%"> <caption>Republican primary results, 2016<sup id="cite_ref-primary2016_28-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-primary2016-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 15em">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#E81B23;width:5px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><b><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></b> </td> <td class="fn"><b>Kevin Cramer (incumbent) </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em"><b>96,357 </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em"><b>99.1 </b> </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color: #FFFFFF; width: 2px;"> </td> <td class="org" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Write-in_candidate" title="Write-in candidate">Write-in</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">919 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.9 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align:right;">Total votes </th> <td style="text-align:right;"><b>97,276 </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><b>100.0 </b> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders"> <caption>North Dakota's at-large congressional district, 2016<sup id="cite_ref-OfficialResults_122-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OfficialResults-122"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>122<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 130px">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Change in percentage value since previous election">±%</span> </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#E81B23; width:5px;"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><b><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></b> </td> <td class="fn"><b>Kevin Cramer (incumbent) </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em"><b>233,980 </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em"><b>69.13% </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em"><b>+13.59% </b> </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="background-color: #0055AA; width: 5px;"> </td> <td class="org" style="width: 130px"><a href="/wiki/North_Dakota_Democratic-NPL_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="North Dakota Democratic-NPL Party">Democratic–NPL</a> </td> <td class="fn">Chase Iron Eyes </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">80,377 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">23.75% </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">−14.73% </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="background-color: #FED105; width: 5px;"> </td> <td class="org" style="width: 130px"><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Party_(United_States)" title="Libertarian Party (United States)">Libertarian</a> </td> <td class="fn">Jack Seaman </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">23,528 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">6.95% </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">+1.11% </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color: white; width: 2px;"> </td> <td class="org" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Write-in_candidate" title="Write-in candidate">Write-in</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">574 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.17% </td> <td style="text-align:right;">+0.02% </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align:right;">Total votes </th> <td style="text-align:right;"><b>338,459 </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><b>100.0% </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">N/A </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:inherit;background-color: #E81B23;"> </td> <td colspan="5"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> <b>hold</b> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="; margin-right:1em; font-size:95%"> <caption>Republican primary results, North Dakota 2018<sup id="cite_ref-123" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-123"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>123<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 15em">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#E81B23;width:5px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><b><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></b> </td> <td class="fn"><b>Kevin Cramer </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em"><b>61,529 </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em"><b>87.8% </b> </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#E81B23;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td class="fn">Thomas O'Neill </td> <td style="text-align:right">8,509 </td> <td style="text-align:right">12.2% </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color: #FFFFFF; width: 2px;"> </td> <td class="org" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Write-in_candidate" title="Write-in candidate">Write-in</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">95 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.14% </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align:right;">Total votes </th> <td style="text-align:right;"><b>70,133 </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><b>100% </b> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders"> <caption><a href="/wiki/2018_United_States_Senate_election_in_North_Dakota" title="2018 United States Senate election in North Dakota">United States Senate election in North Dakota, 2018</a><sup id="cite_ref-124" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-124"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>124<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 130px">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Change in percentage value since previous election">±%</span> </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#E81B23; width:5px;"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><b><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></b> </td> <td class="fn"><b>Kevin Cramer </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em"><b>179,720 </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em"><b>55.11% </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em"><b>+5.79% </b> </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="background-color: #0055AA; width: 5px;"> </td> <td class="org" style="width: 130px"><a href="/wiki/North_Dakota_Democratic-NPL_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="North Dakota Democratic-NPL Party">Democratic–NPL</a> </td> <td class="fn">Heidi Heitkamp (<a href="/wiki/Incumbent" title="Incumbent">incumbent</a>) </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">144,376 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">44.27% </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">−5.97% </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color: white; width: 2px;"> </td> <td class="org" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Write-in_candidate" title="Write-in candidate">Write-in</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2,042 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.63% </td> <td style="text-align:right;">N/A </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align:right;">Total votes </th> <td style="text-align:right;"><b>326,138 </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><b>100% </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">N/A </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:inherit;background-color: #E81B23;"> </td> <td colspan="5"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> <b>gain</b> from <a href="/wiki/North_Dakota_Democratic-NPL_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="North Dakota Democratic-NPL Party">Democratic–NPL</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kevin_Cramer&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/2024-elections/north-dakota-senate-results">"North Dakota Senate Election 2024 Live Results: Kevin Cramer Wins"</a>. <i>www.nbcnews.com</i>. 2024-11-19<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-11-19</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.nbcnews.com&rft.atitle=North+Dakota+Senate+Election+2024+Live+Results%3A+Kevin+Cramer+Wins&rft.date=2024-11-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nbcnews.com%2Fpolitics%2F2024-elections%2Fnorth-dakota-senate-results&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://boulgerfuneralhome.com/obituaries/richard-cramer/">"Richard Cramer"</a>. <i>Boulger Funeral Home</i>. 8 March 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 10,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Boulger+Funeral+Home&rft.atitle=Richard+Cramer&rft.date=2015-03-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fboulgerfuneralhome.com%2Fobituaries%2Frichard-cramer%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120723222633/http://kevincramer.org/meetkevin/">"Meet Kevin"</a>. <i>kevincramer.org</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kevincramer.org/meetkevin/">the original</a> on July 23, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 9,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=kevincramer.org&rft.atitle=Meet+Kevin&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fkevincramer.org%2Fmeetkevin%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-monthly-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-monthly_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-monthly_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMartin2018" class="citation news cs1">Martin, Alexandra (September 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201020135727/https://www.fargomonthly.com/kevin-cramer/">"Person Behind The Politico With Kevin Cramer"</a>. <i>Fargo Monthly</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fargomonthly.com/kevin-cramer/">the original</a> on October 20, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 9,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fargo+Monthly&rft.atitle=Person+Behind+The+Politico+With+Kevin+Cramer&rft.date=2018-09&rft.aulast=Martin&rft.aufirst=Alexandra&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fargomonthly.com%2Fkevin-cramer%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJean2018" class="citation news cs1">Jean, Renée (October 19, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.willistonherald.com/news/cramer-talks-about-his-campaign-for-north-dakota-s-u/article_c3723e18-d3b0-11e8-b241-e34644e43df4.html">"Cramer talks about his campaign for North Dakota's U.S. Senator"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Williston_Herald" title="Williston Herald">Williston Herald</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 9,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Williston+Herald&rft.atitle=Cramer+talks+about+his+campaign+for+North+Dakota%27s+U.S.+Senator&rft.date=2018-10-19&rft.aulast=Jean&rft.aufirst=Ren%C3%A9e&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.willistonherald.com%2Fnews%2Fcramer-talks-about-his-campaign-for-north-dakota-s-u%2Farticle_c3723e18-d3b0-11e8-b241-e34644e43df4.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/346753513/">"GOP chairman to head tourism"</a></span>. <i>The Bismarck Tribune at Newspapers.com</i>. May 29, 1993<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 10,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Bismarck+Tribune+at+Newspapers.com&rft.atitle=GOP+chairman+to+head+tourism&rft.date=1993-05-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F346753513%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/347232853/?terms=Martinson+Cramer">"New tourism director appointed"</a></span>. <i>The Bismarck Tribune at Newspapers.com</i>. October 15, 1997<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 10,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Bismarck+Tribune+at+Newspapers.com&rft.atitle=New+tourism+director+appointed&rft.date=1997-10-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F347232853%2F%3Fterms%3DMartinson%2BCramer&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/347242997/?terms=Kevin+Cramer+Economic+Development+Director+Stroup">"Cramer, former aide clash"</a></span>. <i>The Bismarck Tribune at Newspapers.com</i>. July 7, 1997<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 10,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Bismarck+Tribune+at+Newspapers.com&rft.atitle=Cramer%2C+former+aide+clash&rft.date=1997-07-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F347242997%2F%3Fterms%3DKevin%2BCramer%2BEconomic%2BDevelopment%2BDirector%2BStroup&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/346245550/?terms=Cramer+Peterson+Economic">"Hoeven mixes old faces, new in first round of appointments"</a></span>. <i>The Bismarck Tribune at Newspapers.com</i>. December 9, 2000<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 10,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Bismarck+Tribune+at+Newspapers.com&rft.atitle=Hoeven+mixes+old+faces%2C+new+in+first+round+of+appointments&rft.date=2000-12-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fimage%2F346245550%2F%3Fterms%3DCramer%2BPeterson%2BEconomic&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-minot-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-minot_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-minot_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.minotdailynews.com/news/local-news/2018/11/minot-daily-news-endorses-kevin-cramer/">"Minot Daily News endorses Kevin Cramer"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Minot_Daily_News" title="Minot Daily News">Minot Daily News</a></i>. November 4, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 9,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Minot+Daily+News&rft.atitle=Minot+Daily+News+endorses+Kevin+Cramer&rft.date=2018-11-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.minotdailynews.com%2Fnews%2Flocal-news%2F2018%2F11%2Fminot-daily-news-endorses-kevin-cramer%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bismarcktribune.com/news/election2010/public-service-commission---kevin-cramer/article_5a6b2460-9c0b-11df-b0fc-001cc4c03286.html">"Public Service Commission - Kevin Cramer"</a>. <i>The Bismarck Tribune</i>. July 30, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Bismarck+Tribune&rft.atitle=Public+Service+Commission+-+Kevin+Cramer&rft.date=2010-07-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbismarcktribune.com%2Fnews%2Felection2010%2Fpublic-service-commission---kevin-cramer%2Farticle_5a6b2460-9c0b-11df-b0fc-001cc4c03286.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=179384">"ND Public Service Commissioner Race"</a>. <i>Our Campaigns</i>. November 2, 2004<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 8,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Our+Campaigns&rft.atitle=ND+Public+Service+Commissioner+Race&rft.date=2004-11-02&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ourcampaigns.com%2FRaceDetail.html%3FRaceID%3D179384&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=656954">"ND Public Service Commissioner Race - Nov 02, 2010"</a>. <i>Our Campaigns</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 8,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Our+Campaigns&rft.atitle=ND+Public+Service+Commissioner+Race+-+Nov+02%2C+2010&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ourcampaigns.com%2FRaceDetail.html%3FRaceID%3D656954&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDillon2018" class="citation web cs1">Dillon, Jeremy (September 21, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rollcall.com/news/politics/north-dakota-senate-race-could-come-down-fossil-fuels">"North Dakota Senate Race Could Come Down to Fossil Fuels"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Roll_Call" title="Roll Call">Roll Call</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 24,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Roll+Call&rft.atitle=North+Dakota+Senate+Race+Could+Come+Down+to+Fossil+Fuels&rft.date=2018-09-21&rft.aulast=Dillon&rft.aufirst=Jeremy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rollcall.com%2Fnews%2Fpolitics%2Fnorth-dakota-senate-race-could-come-down-fossil-fuels&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=29648">"ND At-Large Race"</a>. <i>Our Campaigns</i>. November 5, 1996<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 8,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Our+Campaigns&rft.atitle=ND+At-Large+Race&rft.date=1996-11-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ourcampaigns.com%2FRaceDetail.html%3FRaceID%3D29648&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=30807">"ND At-Large Race"</a>. <i>Our Campaigns</i>. November 3, 1998<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 8,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Our+Campaigns&rft.atitle=ND+At-Large+Race&rft.date=1998-11-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ourcampaigns.com%2FRaceDetail.html%3FRaceID%3D30807&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180210180335/http://www.valleynewslive.tv/artman2/publish/local_regional_news/15885.shtml">"Archived copy"</a>. <i>Valley News Live</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.valleynewslive.tv/artman2/publish/local_regional_news/15885.shtml">the original</a> on 2018-02-10<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-02-17</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Valley+News+Live&rft.atitle=Archived+copy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.valleynewslive.tv%2Fartman2%2Fpublish%2Flocal_regional_news%2F15885.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_archived_copy_as_title" title="Category:CS1 maint: archived copy as title">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bulletin.aarp.org/states/nd/2010/4/articles/town_hall_focuses_health_care.html">"Daily News - Health, Money, Social Security, Medicare, Politics - Bulletin Today"</a>. <i>Bulletin.aarp.org</i>. January 4, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 8,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Bulletin.aarp.org&rft.atitle=Daily+News+-+Health%2C+Money%2C+Social+Security%2C+Medicare%2C+Politics+-+Bulletin+Today&rft.date=2017-01-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbulletin.aarp.org%2Fstates%2Fnd%2F2010%2F4%2Farticles%2Ftown_hall_focuses_health_care.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101029192136/http://www.kevincramer.org/news.asp?seq=46">"Kevin Cramer for North Dakota Public Service Commission (ndpsc) Re Election Campaign 2010 NDGOP Republican (kevincramer.org)"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kevincramer.org/news.asp?seq=46">the original</a> on 2010-10-29<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-02-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Kevin+Cramer+for+North+Dakota+Public+Service+Commission+%28ndpsc%29+Re+Election+Campaign+2010+NDGOP+Republican+%28kevincramer.org%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kevincramer.org%2Fnews.asp%3Fseq%3D46&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jamestownsun.com/news/1756403-berg-lands-republican-nomination-house">"Berg lands Republican nomination for the House"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Jamestown_Sun" class="mw-redirect" title="The Jamestown Sun">The Jamestown Sun</a></i>. Jamestown Sun and Forum Communications Company. March 22, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 9,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Jamestown+Sun&rft.atitle=Berg+lands+Republican+nomination+for+the+House&rft.date=2010-03-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jamestownsun.com%2Fnews%2F1756403-berg-lands-republican-nomination-house&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCenter2012" class="citation web cs1">Center, Shira T. (June 5, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rollcall.com/news/politics/north-dakota-rick-berg-backs-brian-kalk-for-his-house-seat">"North Dakota: Rick Berg Backs Brian Kalk for His House Seat"</a>. <i>Roll Call</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 24,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Roll+Call&rft.atitle=North+Dakota%3A+Rick+Berg+Backs+Brian+Kalk+for+His+House+Seat&rft.date=2012-06-05&rft.aulast=Center&rft.aufirst=Shira+T.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rollcall.com%2Fnews%2Fpolitics%2Fnorth-dakota-rick-berg-backs-brian-kalk-for-his-house-seat&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-primary2012-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-primary2012_22-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-primary2012_22-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://results.sos.nd.gov/resultsSW.aspx?eid=33&text=Race&type=SW&map=CTY">"Official Results Primary Election - June 12, 2012"</a>. <a href="/wiki/North_Dakota_Secretary_of_State" title="North Dakota Secretary of State">North Dakota Secretary of State</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 24,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Official+Results+Primary+Election+-+June+12%2C+2012&rft.pub=North+Dakota+Secretary+of+State&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fresults.sos.nd.gov%2FresultsSW.aspx%3Feid%3D33%26text%3DRace%26type%3DSW%26map%3DCTY&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-general2012-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-general2012_23-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-general2012_23-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://results.sos.nd.gov/resultsSW.aspx?eid=35&text=Race&type=SW&map=CTY">"Official Results General Election - November 6, 2012"</a>. <a href="/wiki/North_Dakota_Secretary_of_State" title="North Dakota Secretary of State">North Dakota Secretary of State</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 24,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Official+Results+General+Election+-+November+6%2C+2012&rft.pub=North+Dakota+Secretary+of+State&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fresults.sos.nd.gov%2FresultsSW.aspx%3Feid%3D35%26text%3DRace%26type%3DSW%26map%3DCTY&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmith2013" class="citation web cs1">Smith, Nick (January 3, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bismarcktribune.com/news/local/govt-and-politics/heidi-heitkamp-kevin-cramer-sworn-into-office/article_6a85de4e-55fe-11e2-b386-0019bb2963f4.html">"Heidi Heitkamp, Kevin Cramer sworn into office"</a>. <i>The Bismarck Tribune</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Bismarck+Tribune&rft.atitle=Heidi+Heitkamp%2C+Kevin+Cramer+sworn+into+office&rft.date=2013-01-03&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Nick&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbismarcktribune.com%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Fgovt-and-politics%2Fheidi-heitkamp-kevin-cramer-sworn-into-office%2Farticle_6a85de4e-55fe-11e2-b386-0019bb2963f4.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-primary2014-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-primary2014_25-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-primary2014_25-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://results.sos.nd.gov/resultsSW.aspx?eid=120&text=Race&type=SW&map=CTY">"Official Results Primary Election - June 10, 2014"</a>. North Dakota Secretary of State<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 24,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Official+Results+Primary+Election+-+June+10%2C+2014&rft.pub=North+Dakota+Secretary+of+State&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fresults.sos.nd.gov%2FresultsSW.aspx%3Feid%3D120%26text%3DRace%26type%3DSW%26map%3DCTY&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-general2014-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-general2014_26-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-general2014_26-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://results.sos.nd.gov/resultsSW.aspx?eid=126&text=Race&type=SW&map=CTY">"Official Results General Election - November 4, 2014"</a>. North Dakota Secretary of State<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 24,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Official+Results+General+Election+-+November+4%2C+2014&rft.pub=North+Dakota+Secretary+of+State&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fresults.sos.nd.gov%2FresultsSW.aspx%3Feid%3D126%26text%3DRace%26type%3DSW%26map%3DCTY&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://results.sos.nd.gov/resultsSW.aspx?eid=291&text=Race&type=SW&map=CTY">"North Dakota Secretary of State"</a>. <i>results.sos.nd.gov</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=results.sos.nd.gov&rft.atitle=North+Dakota+Secretary+of+State&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fresults.sos.nd.gov%2FresultsSW.aspx%3Feid%3D291%26text%3DRace%26type%3DSW%26map%3DCTY&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-primary2016-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-primary2016_28-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-primary2016_28-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://results.sos.nd.gov/ResultsSW.aspx?text=All&type=SW&map=CTY&eid=291">"Official Results Primary Election - June 14, 2016"</a>. North Dakota Secretary of State<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 24,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Official+Results+Primary+Election+-+June+14%2C+2016&rft.pub=North+Dakota+Secretary+of+State&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fresults.sos.nd.gov%2FResultsSW.aspx%3Ftext%3DAll%26type%3DSW%26map%3DCTY%26eid%3D291&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTrahant2016" class="citation web cs1">Trahant, Mark (April 3, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160405005025/http://indiancountrytodaymedianetwork.com/2016/04/03/chase-iron-eyes-runs-north-dakota-out-necessity-164009">"Chase Iron Eyes Runs In North Dakota Out of 'Necessity'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Indian_Country_Today_Media_Network" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian Country Today Media Network">Indian Country Today Media Network</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://indiancountrytodaymedianetwork.com/2016/04/03/chase-iron-eyes-runs-north-dakota-out-necessity-164009">the original</a> on April 5, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Indian+Country+Today+Media+Network&rft.atitle=Chase+Iron+Eyes+Runs+In+North+Dakota+Out+of+%27Necessity%27&rft.date=2016-04-03&rft.aulast=Trahant&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Findiancountrytodaymedianetwork.com%2F2016%2F04%2F03%2Fchase-iron-eyes-runs-north-dakota-out-necessity-164009&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gettyimages.com/detail/video/north-dakota-congressman-kevin-cramer-argues-that-his-news-footage/489190312">Kevin Cramer: North Dakota women not profitable for Planned Parenthood</a> (video of statement on U.S. House of Representatives floor, made available by <a href="/wiki/Getty_Images" title="Getty Images">Getty Images</a>).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180411025859/https://cramer.house.gov/media-center/press-releases/cramer-statement-on-planned-parenthood-abortion-practices">"Cramer Statement on Planned Parenthood Abortion Practices"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cramer.house.gov/media-center/press-releases/cramer-statement-on-planned-parenthood-abortion-practices">the original</a> on 2018-04-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-07-30</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cramer+Statement+on+Planned+Parenthood+Abortion+Practices&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcramer.house.gov%2Fmedia-center%2Fpress-releases%2Fcramer-statement-on-planned-parenthood-abortion-practices&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span> (press release), Office of U.S. Representative (July 16, 2015).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-TerkelSchoolShootings-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-TerkelSchoolShootings_32-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-TerkelSchoolShootings_32-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTerkel2013" class="citation web cs1">Terkel, Amanda (May 16, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/05/16/kevin-cramer-school-shootings_n_3285328.html">"Kevin Cramer, North Dakota Congressman, Ties School Shootings to Abortion Legalization"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/HuffPost" title="HuffPost">HuffPost</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 24,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=HuffPost&rft.atitle=Kevin+Cramer%2C+North+Dakota+Congressman%2C+Ties+School+Shootings+to+Abortion+Legalization&rft.date=2013-05-16&rft.aulast=Terkel&rft.aufirst=Amanda&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.com%2F2013%2F05%2F16%2Fkevin-cramer-school-shootings_n_3285328.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBurton2013" class="citation web cs1">Burton, Natasha (May 17, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cosmopolitan.com/politics/news/a12918/kevin-cramer/">"Another Day, Another Crazy Abortion Claim from a Conservative Male Politician"</a>. <i>Cosmopolitan</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 24,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Cosmopolitan&rft.atitle=Another+Day%2C+Another+Crazy+Abortion+Claim+from+a+Conservative+Male+Politician&rft.date=2013-05-17&rft.aulast=Burton&rft.aufirst=Natasha&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cosmopolitan.com%2Fpolitics%2Fnews%2Fa12918%2Fkevin-cramer%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://washington.cbslocal.com/2013/05/21/us-rep-cramer-criticized-for-linking-legalized-abortion-to-school-shootings/">"US Rep. Cramer Criticized For Linking Legalized Abortion To School Shootings"</a>. <i>CBS DC</i>. Associated Press. May 21, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 24,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CBS+DC&rft.atitle=US+Rep.+Cramer+Criticized+For+Linking+Legalized+Abortion+To+School+Shootings&rft.date=2013-05-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwashington.cbslocal.com%2F2013%2F05%2F21%2Fus-rep-cramer-criticized-for-linking-legalized-abortion-to-school-shootings%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDeBonis2016" class="citation news cs1">DeBonis, Mike (May 11, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/powerpost/wp/2016/05/11/paul-ryan-faces-intense-pressure-to-reconcile-with-donald-trump/">"Paul Ryan faces intense pressure to reconcile with Donald Trump"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 24,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Paul+Ryan+faces+intense+pressure+to+reconcile+with+Donald+Trump&rft.date=2016-05-11&rft.aulast=DeBonis&rft.aufirst=Mike&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fnews%2Fpowerpost%2Fwp%2F2016%2F05%2F11%2Fpaul-ryan-faces-intense-pressure-to-reconcile-with-donald-trump%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Blake1-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Blake1_36-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBlake2017" class="citation web cs1">Blake, Aaron (January 31, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-fix/wp/2017/01/29/heres-where-republicans-stand-on-president-trumps-controversial-travel-ban">"Whip Count: Here's where Republicans stand on Trump's controversial travel ban"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 24,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Whip+Count%3A+Here%27s+where+Republicans+stand+on+Trump%27s+controversial+travel+ban&rft.date=2017-01-31&rft.aulast=Blake&rft.aufirst=Aaron&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fnews%2Fthe-fix%2Fwp%2F2017%2F01%2F29%2Fheres-where-republicans-stand-on-president-trumps-controversial-travel-ban&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSuperville2018" class="citation news cs1">Superville, Darlene (June 28, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.post-gazette.com/news/politics-nation/2018/06/27/Trump-endorses-Kevin-Cramer-and-urges-North-Dakota-to-vote-out-Heidi-Heitkamp/stories/201806270263">"Trump endorses Kevin Cramer and urges North Dakota to vote out Heidi Heitkamp"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Pittsburgh_Post-Gazette" title="Pittsburgh Post-Gazette">Pittsburgh Post-Gazette</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 15,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pittsburgh+Post-Gazette&rft.atitle=Trump+endorses+Kevin+Cramer+and+urges+North+Dakota+to+vote+out+Heidi+Heitkamp&rft.date=2018-06-28&rft.aulast=Superville&rft.aufirst=Darlene&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.post-gazette.com%2Fnews%2Fpolitics-nation%2F2018%2F06%2F27%2FTrump-endorses-Kevin-Cramer-and-urges-North-Dakota-to-vote-out-Heidi-Heitkamp%2Fstories%2F201806270263&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcCaskill2017" class="citation news cs1">McCaskill, Nolan D. (March 1, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.politico.com/story/2017/03/kevin-cramer-democratic-women-white-pantsuits-235578">"GOP lawmaker: 'Poorly dressed' Democratic women wore 'bad-looking white pantsuits'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Politico" title="Politico">Politico</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 1,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Politico&rft.atitle=GOP+lawmaker%3A+%27Poorly+dressed%27+Democratic+women+wore+%27bad-looking+white+pantsuits%27&rft.date=2017-03-01&rft.aulast=McCaskill&rft.aufirst=Nolan+D.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.politico.com%2Fstory%2F2017%2F03%2Fkevin-cramer-democratic-women-white-pantsuits-235578&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDesiderio2020" class="citation web cs1">Desiderio, Andrew (June 24, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.politico.com/news/2020/06/24/kevin-cramer-blocks-china-sanctions-bill-338246">"GOP senator blocked China sanctions bill he supports, at request of White House"</a>. <i>Politico</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 14,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Politico&rft.atitle=GOP+senator+blocked+China+sanctions+bill+he+supports%2C+at+request+of+White+House&rft.date=2020-06-24&rft.aulast=Desiderio&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.politico.com%2Fnews%2F2020%2F06%2F24%2Fkevin-cramer-blocks-china-sanctions-bill-338246&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStevensonBlancoSantamariña2021" class="citation news cs1">Stevenson, Peter W.; Blanco, Adrian; Santamariña, Daniela (May 28, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/interactive/2021/january6-commission-senators-vote/">"Which senators supported a Jan. 6 Capitol riot commission"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Which+senators+supported+a+Jan.+6+Capitol+riot+commission&rft.date=2021-05-28&rft.aulast=Stevenson&rft.aufirst=Peter+W.&rft.au=Blanco%2C+Adrian&rft.au=Santamari%C3%B1a%2C+Daniela&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fpolitics%2Finteractive%2F2021%2Fjanuary6-commission-senators-vote%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Schreckinger-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Schreckinger_41-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Schreckinger_41-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchreckinger2016" class="citation web cs1">Schreckinger, Ben (May 23, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.politico.com/story/2016/05/donald-trump-climate-change-golf-course-223436">"Trump acknowledges climate change — at his golf course"</a>. <i>Politico</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 24,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Politico&rft.atitle=Trump+acknowledges+climate+change+%E2%80%94+at+his+golf+course&rft.date=2016-05-23&rft.aulast=Schreckinger&rft.aufirst=Ben&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.politico.com%2Fstory%2F2016%2F05%2Fdonald-trump-climate-change-golf-course-223436&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-goode-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-goode_42-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-goode_42-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGoode2016" class="citation web cs1">Goode, Erica (May 20, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2016/05/21/science/donald-trump-global-warming-energy-policy-kevin-cramer.html">"New York Times: What Are Donald Trump's Views on Climate Change? Some Clues Emerge"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 24,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=New+York+Times%3A+What+Are+Donald+Trump%27s+Views+on+Climate+Change%3F+Some+Clues+Emerge&rft.date=2016-05-20&rft.aulast=Goode&rft.aufirst=Erica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2016%2F05%2F21%2Fscience%2Fdonald-trump-global-warming-energy-policy-kevin-cramer.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLehmann2016" class="citation web cs1">Lehmann, Evan (May 13, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/meet-donald-trump-s-new-energy-adviser/">"Meet Donald Trump's New Energy Adviser"</a>. ClimateWire (republished by Scientific American)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 24,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Meet+Donald+Trump%27s+New+Energy+Adviser&rft.pub=ClimateWire+%28republished+by+Scientific+American%29&rft.date=2016-05-13&rft.aulast=Lehmann&rft.aufirst=Evan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scientificamerican.com%2Farticle%2Fmeet-donald-trump-s-new-energy-adviser%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Volcovici-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Volcovici_44-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Volcovici_44-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVolcovici2016" class="citation web cs1">Volcovici, Valerie (May 13, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-election-trump-energy-idUSKCN0Y41ZP">"Trump taps climate change skeptic, fracking advocate as key energy advisor"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 24,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Trump+taps+climate+change+skeptic%2C+fracking+advocate+as+key+energy+advisor&rft.date=2016-05-13&rft.aulast=Volcovici&rft.aufirst=Valerie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-usa-election-trump-energy-idUSKCN0Y41ZP&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDrajem2016" class="citation web cs1">Drajem, Mark (May 16, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://about.bgov.com/blog/get-your-energy-po0licy-ideas-to-kevin-cramer-asap/">"Get your energy policy ideas to Kevin Cramer ASAP"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Bloomberg_Government" title="Bloomberg Government">Bloomberg Government</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Bloomberg+Government&rft.atitle=Get+your+energy+policy+ideas+to+Kevin+Cramer+ASAP&rft.date=2016-05-16&rft.aulast=Drajem&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fabout.bgov.com%2Fblog%2Fget-your-energy-po0licy-ideas-to-kevin-cramer-asap%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged September 2017">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup>,</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFParkerDavenport2016" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Ashley_Parker" title="Ashley Parker">Parker, Ashley</a>; Davenport, Coral (May 26, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2016/05/27/us/politics/donald-trump-global-warming-energy-policy.html">"Donald Trump's Energy Plan: More Fossil Fuels and Fewer Rules"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 24,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Donald+Trump%27s+Energy+Plan%3A+More+Fossil+Fuels+and+Fewer+Rules&rft.date=2016-05-26&rft.aulast=Parker&rft.aufirst=Ashley&rft.au=Davenport%2C+Coral&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2016%2F05%2F27%2Fus%2Fpolitics%2Fdonald-trump-global-warming-energy-policy.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dumain2024012-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Dumain2024012_47-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDumain2024" class="citation web cs1">Dumain, Emma (2024-01-19). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.eenews.net/articles/whats-next-for-the-committee-passed-carbon-tariff-bill/">"What's next for the committee-passed carbon tariff bill?"</a>. <i>E&E News by POLITICO</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-06-10</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=E%26E+News+by+POLITICO&rft.atitle=What%27s+next+for+the+committee-passed+carbon+tariff+bill%3F&rft.date=2024-01-19&rft.aulast=Dumain&rft.aufirst=Emma&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.eenews.net%2Farticles%2Fwhats-next-for-the-committee-passed-carbon-tariff-bill%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/118/s1863/cosponsors">"Details for S. 1863: PROVE IT Act of 2024"</a>. <i>GovTrack.us</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-06-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=GovTrack.us&rft.atitle=Details+for+S.+1863%3A+PROVE+IT+Act+of+2024&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.govtrack.us%2Fcongress%2Fbills%2F118%2Fs1863%2Fcosponsors&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBobic2013" class="citation web cs1">Bobic, Igor (September 20, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://talkingpointsmemo.com/livewire/gop-rep-on-food-stamp-cuts-if-anyone-is-not-willing-to-work-let-him-not-eat">"GOP Rep. Quotes Bible On Food Stamps: 'If Anyone Is Not Willing To Work, Let Him Not Eat'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Talking_Points_Memo" title="Talking Points Memo">Talking Points Memo</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 24,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Talking+Points+Memo&rft.atitle=GOP+Rep.+Quotes+Bible+On+Food+Stamps%3A+%27If+Anyone+Is+Not+Willing+To+Work%2C+Let+Him+Not+Eat%27&rft.date=2013-09-20&rft.aulast=Bobic&rft.aufirst=Igor&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftalkingpointsmemo.com%2Flivewire%2Fgop-rep-on-food-stamp-cuts-if-anyone-is-not-willing-to-work-let-him-not-eat&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.grandforksherald.com/content/rep-cramers-opponents-use-bible-verses-debate-food-stamp-cuts-look-toward-2014-election">"Rep. Cramer's opponents use Bible verses to debate food stamp cuts, look toward 2014 election"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Grand_Forks_Herald" title="Grand Forks Herald">Grand Forks Herald</a></i>. September 25, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 24,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Grand+Forks+Herald&rft.atitle=Rep.+Cramer%27s+opponents+use+Bible+verses+to+debate+food+stamp+cuts%2C+look+toward+2014+election&rft.date=2013-09-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.grandforksherald.com%2Fcontent%2Frep-cramers-opponents-use-bible-verses-debate-food-stamp-cuts-look-toward-2014-election&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFioraliso2016" class="citation web cs1">Fioraliso, Ted (July 14, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kfyrtv.com/content/news/Cramer-says-increased-gun-control-wouldnt-have-prevented-Orlando-shooting-383038541.html">"Cramer says increased gun control wouldn't have prevented Orlando shooting"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/KFYR-TV" title="KFYR-TV">KFYR-TV</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 24,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=KFYR-TV&rft.atitle=Cramer+says+increased+gun+control+wouldn%27t+have+prevented+Orlando+shooting&rft.date=2016-07-14&rft.aulast=Fioraliso&rft.aufirst=Ted&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kfyrtv.com%2Fcontent%2Fnews%2FCramer-says-increased-gun-control-wouldnt-have-prevented-Orlando-shooting-383038541.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmith2016" class="citation web cs1">Smith, Nick (June 21, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bismarcktribune.com/news/local/govt-and-politics/hoeven-cramer-give-gun-legislation-cool-response/article_fca3294f-e226-5ebd-b7e4-f68a86d76a84.html">"Hoeven, Cramer give gun legislation cool response"</a>. <i>The Bismarck Tribune</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Bismarck+Tribune&rft.atitle=Hoeven%2C+Cramer+give+gun+legislation+cool+response&rft.date=2016-06-21&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Nick&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbismarcktribune.com%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Fgovt-and-politics%2Fhoeven-cramer-give-gun-legislation-cool-response%2Farticle_fca3294f-e226-5ebd-b7e4-f68a86d76a84.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHageman2015" class="citation web cs1">Hageman, John (June 25, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.grandforksherald.com/news/3774113-state-leaders-have-mixed-feelings-affordable-care-act-ruling">"State leaders have mixed feelings in Affordable Care Act ruling"</a>. <i>Grand Forks Herald</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 24,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Grand+Forks+Herald&rft.atitle=State+leaders+have+mixed+feelings+in+Affordable+Care+Act+ruling&rft.date=2015-06-25&rft.aulast=Hageman&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.grandforksherald.com%2Fnews%2F3774113-state-leaders-have-mixed-feelings-affordable-care-act-ruling&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cramer.house.gov/media-center/press-releases/us-house-votes-to-repeal-obamacare">U.S. House Votes to Repeal Obamacare</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160819064247/https://cramer.house.gov/media-center/press-releases/us-house-votes-to-repeal-obamacare">Archived</a> 2016-08-19 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> (press release), Office of U.S. Representative Kevin Cramer (February 3, 2015).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_55-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_55-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHagen2018" class="citation web cs1">Hagen, C.S. (August 23, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hpr1.com/index.php/feature/news/cramers-office-threatens-constituents/">"Cramer's office threatens constituents"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/High_Plains_Reader" title="High Plains Reader">High Plains Reader</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 15,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=High+Plains+Reader&rft.atitle=Cramer%27s+office+threatens+constituents&rft.date=2018-08-23&rft.aulast=Hagen&rft.aufirst=C.S.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhpr1.com%2Findex.php%2Ffeature%2Fnews%2Fcramers-office-threatens-constituents%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKessler2018" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Glenn_Kessler_(journalist)" title="Glenn Kessler (journalist)">Kessler, Glenn</a> (September 19, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2018/09/19/did-house-gop-plan-prevent-price-discrimination-against-people-with-pre-existing-conditions/">"Would the House GOP plan have prevented 'price discrimination' against people with preexisting conditions?"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 23,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Would+the+House+GOP+plan+have+prevented+%27price+discrimination%27+against+people+with+preexisting+conditions%3F&rft.date=2018-09-19&rft.aulast=Kessler&rft.aufirst=Glenn&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fpolitics%2F2018%2F09%2F19%2Fdid-house-gop-plan-prevent-price-discrimination-against-people-with-pre-existing-conditions%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2021/08/10/cruz-paul-mandates-mask-vaccine/">"Ted Cruz calls for 'zero' coronavirus mandates, while Rand Paul urges defiance amid delta variant surge"</a>. <i>Washington Post</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0190-8286">0190-8286</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-08-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Ted+Cruz+calls+for+%27zero%27+coronavirus+mandates%2C+while+Rand+Paul+urges+defiance+amid+delta+variant+surge&rft.issn=0190-8286&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fpolitics%2F2021%2F08%2F10%2Fcruz-paul-mandates-mask-vaccine%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2022/02/15/eight-republican-senators-say-they-oppose-no-fly-list-disruptive-passengers-because-it-would-equate-mask-opponents-terrorists/">"Eight Republican senators say they oppose 'no-fly' list for disruptive passengers because it would equate mask opponents to 'terrorists'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Washington Post</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0190-8286">0190-8286</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-02-16</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Eight+Republican+senators+say+they+oppose+%27no-fly%27+list+for+disruptive+passengers+because+it+would+equate+mask+opponents+to+%27terrorists%27&rft.issn=0190-8286&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fpolitics%2F2022%2F02%2F15%2Feight-republican-senators-say-they-oppose-no-fly-list-disruptive-passengers-because-it-would-equate-mask-opponents-terrorists%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBoehm2015" class="citation web cs1">Boehm, Krista (June 26, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150628122850/http://www.valleynewslive.com/home/headlines/The-first-same-sex-couple-to-grab-their-marriage-license-310218751.html">"The first same-sex couple to grab their marriage license"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/KVLY-TV" title="KVLY-TV">KVLY-TV</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.valleynewslive.com/home/headlines/The-first-same-sex-couple-to-grab-their-marriage-license-310218751.html">the original</a> on June 28, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=KVLY-TV&rft.atitle=The+first+same-sex+couple+to+grab+their+marriage+license&rft.date=2015-06-26&rft.aulast=Boehm&rft.aufirst=Krista&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.valleynewslive.com%2Fhome%2Fheadlines%2FThe-first-same-sex-couple-to-grab-their-marriage-license-310218751.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150628232638/http://cramer.house.gov/media-center/press-releases/cramer-statement-on-supreme-court-same-sex-marriage-ruling">"Cramer Statement on Supreme Court Same Sex Marriage Ruling"</a>. <i>cramer.house.gov</i>. Office of U.S. Representative Kevin Cramer. June 26, 2015. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cramer.house.gov/media-center/press-releases/cramer-statement-on-supreme-court-same-sex-marriage-ruling">the original</a> on June 28, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=cramer.house.gov&rft.atitle=Cramer+Statement+on+Supreme+Court+Same+Sex+Marriage+Ruling&rft.date=2015-06-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcramer.house.gov%2Fmedia-center%2Fpress-releases%2Fcramer-statement-on-supreme-court-same-sex-marriage-ruling&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmith2013" class="citation web cs1">Smith, Nick (June 26, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bismarcktribune.com/news/local/govt-and-politics/n-d-delegation-split-on-gay-marriage/article_1bed85ba-dea8-11e2-9e5b-0019bb2963f4.html">"N.D. delegation split on gay marriage"</a>. <i>The Bismarck Tribune</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Bismarck+Tribune&rft.atitle=N.D.+delegation+split+on+gay+marriage&rft.date=2013-06-26&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Nick&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbismarcktribune.com%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Fgovt-and-politics%2Fn-d-delegation-split-on-gay-marriage%2Farticle_1bed85ba-dea8-11e2-9e5b-0019bb2963f4.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:02-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:02_62-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:02_62-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:02_62-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:02_62-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:02_62-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:02_62-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKaczynski2018" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Kaczynski" title="Andrew Kaczynski">Kaczynski, Andrew</a> (June 14, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://edition.cnn.com/2018/06/14/politics/kfile-corey-stewart-kevin-cramer-anti-lgbt-survey/index.html">"GOP Senate nominees Kevin Cramer, Corey Stewart sought support of extreme anti-gay group"</a>. <i>CNN</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 14,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft.atitle=GOP+Senate+nominees+Kevin+Cramer%2C+Corey+Stewart+sought+support+of+extreme+anti-gay+group&rft.date=2018-06-14&rft.aulast=Kaczynski&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fedition.cnn.com%2F2018%2F06%2F14%2Fpolitics%2Fkfile-corey-stewart-kevin-cramer-anti-lgbt-survey%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKaczynskiMassie" class="citation news cs1">Kaczynski, Andrew; Massie, Christopher. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://edition.cnn.com/2018/09/21/politics/kfile-cramer/index.html">"GOP Senate nominee: Kavanaugh accusation 'absurd' because they were drunk and assault attempt 'never went anywhere'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 21,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft.atitle=GOP+Senate+nominee%3A+Kavanaugh+accusation+%27absurd%27+because+they+were+drunk+and+assault+attempt+%27never+went+anywhere%27&rft.aulast=Kaczynski&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.au=Massie%2C+Christopher&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fedition.cnn.com%2F2018%2F09%2F21%2Fpolitics%2Fkfile-cramer%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSullivan2018" class="citation news cs1">Sullivan, Sean (September 25, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/powerpost/gop-rep-cramer-questions-whether-accusation-against-kavanaugh-should-disqualify-him-even-if-true/2018/09/25/c9aa7890-c069-11e8-9005-5104e9616c21_story.html">"GOP Rep. Cramer questions whether accusation against Kavanaugh should disqualify him, even if true"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 25,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=GOP+Rep.+Cramer+questions+whether+accusation+against+Kavanaugh+should+disqualify+him%2C+even+if+true&rft.date=2018-09-25&rft.aulast=Sullivan&rft.aufirst=Sean&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fpowerpost%2Fgop-rep-cramer-questions-whether-accusation-against-kavanaugh-should-disqualify-him-even-if-true%2F2018%2F09%2F25%2Fc9aa7890-c069-11e8-9005-5104e9616c21_story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150921223116/https://cramer.house.gov/media-center/press-releases/cramer-house-passes-death-tax-repeal-act-of-2015">"Cramer - House Passes Death Tax Repeal Act of 2015"</a>. <i>cramer.house.gov</i>. Office of U.S. Representative Kevin Cramer. April 16, 2015. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cramer.house.gov/media-center/press-releases/cramer-house-passes-death-tax-repeal-act-of-2015">the original</a> on September 21, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=cramer.house.gov&rft.atitle=Cramer+-+House+Passes+Death+Tax+Repeal+Act+of+2015&rft.date=2015-04-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcramer.house.gov%2Fmedia-center%2Fpress-releases%2Fcramer-house-passes-death-tax-repeal-act-of-2015&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMacPherson2018" class="citation news cs1">MacPherson, James (September 14, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180915121843/https://www.thestate.com/news/business/national-business/article218388335.html">"North Dakota's Heitkamp attacks Cramer in new ad on tariffs"</a>. <i>The State</i>. Associated Press. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thestate.com/news/business/national-business/article218388335.html">the original</a> on September 15, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 15,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+State&rft.atitle=North+Dakota%27s+Heitkamp+attacks+Cramer+in+new+ad+on+tariffs&rft.date=2018-09-14&rft.aulast=MacPherson&rft.aufirst=James&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thestate.com%2Fnews%2Fbusiness%2Fnational-business%2Farticle218388335.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDrucker2018" class="citation news cs1">Drucker, David M. (August 24, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/news/campaigns/kevin-cramer-has-home-field-advantage-in-north-dakota-senate-race-can-he-capitalize">"Kevin Cramer has home field advantage in North Dakota Senate race. Can he capitalize?"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Washington_Examiner" title="Washington Examiner">Washington Examiner</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 15,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Washington+Examiner&rft.atitle=Kevin+Cramer+has+home+field+advantage+in+North+Dakota+Senate+race.+Can+he+capitalize%3F&rft.date=2018-08-24&rft.aulast=Drucker&rft.aufirst=David+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonexaminer.com%2Fnews%2Fcampaigns%2Fkevin-cramer-has-home-field-advantage-in-north-dakota-senate-race-can-he-capitalize&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Johnson-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Johnson_68-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Johnson_68-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohnson2013" class="citation web cs1">Johnson, Luke (March 28, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/03/28/kevin-cramer-north-dakota-native-american_n_2974676.html">"Kevin Cramer, North Dakota Congressman, Regrets Berating Native American Counselors"</a>. <i>HuffPost</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 24,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=HuffPost&rft.atitle=Kevin+Cramer%2C+North+Dakota+Congressman%2C+Regrets+Berating+Native+American+Counselors&rft.date=2013-03-28&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=Luke&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.com%2F2013%2F03%2F28%2Fkevin-cramer-north-dakota-native-american_n_2974676.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Schilling-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Schilling_69-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchilling2013" class="citation web cs1">Schilling, Vincent (April 1, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130401161553/http://indiancountrytodaymedianetwork.com/2013/04/01/north-dakota-congressman-kevin-cramer-allegedly-verbally-attacks-abused-native-womens">"North Dakota Congressman Kevin Cramer Allegedly Verbally Attacks Abused Native Women's Advocate"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Indian_Country_Today_Media_Network" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian Country Today Media Network">Indian Country Today Media Network</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://indiancountrytodaymedianetwork.com/2013/04/01/north-dakota-congressman-kevin-cramer-allegedly-verbally-attacks-abused-native-womens">the original</a> on April 1, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Indian+Country+Today+Media+Network&rft.atitle=North+Dakota+Congressman+Kevin+Cramer+Allegedly+Verbally+Attacks+Abused+Native+Women%27s+Advocate&rft.date=2013-04-01&rft.aulast=Schilling&rft.aufirst=Vincent&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Findiancountrytodaymedianetwork.com%2F2013%2F04%2F01%2Fnorth-dakota-congressman-kevin-cramer-allegedly-verbally-attacks-abused-native-womens&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-VotesVAWA-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-VotesVAWA_70-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-VotesVAWA_70-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140912185247/http://cramer.house.gov/media-center/press-releases/congressman-kevin-cramer-r-nd-votes-to-eliminate-constitutional">"Congressman Kevin Cramer (R-ND) Votes to Eliminate Constitutional Challenges to the Violence Against Women Act"</a>. <i>cramer.house.gov</i>. Office of U.S. Representative Kevin Cramer. February 28, 2013. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cramer.house.gov/media-center/press-releases/congressman-kevin-cramer-r-nd-votes-to-eliminate-constitutional">the original</a> on September 12, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=cramer.house.gov&rft.atitle=Congressman+Kevin+Cramer+%28R-ND%29+Votes+to+Eliminate+Constitutional+Challenges+to+the+Violence+Against+Women+Act&rft.date=2013-02-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcramer.house.gov%2Fmedia-center%2Fpress-releases%2Fcongressman-kevin-cramer-r-nd-votes-to-eliminate-constitutional&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Crane-Murdoch-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Crane-Murdoch_71-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Crane-Murdoch_71-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCrane-Murdoch2013" class="citation web cs1">Crane-Murdoch, Sierra (June 12, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hcn.org/issues/45.10/is-the-violence-against-women-act-a-chance-for-tribes-to-reinforce-their-sovereignty">"Is the Violence Against Women Act a chance for tribes to reinforce their sovereignty?"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/High_Country_News" title="High Country News">High Country News</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 24,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=High+Country+News&rft.atitle=Is+the+Violence+Against+Women+Act+a+chance+for+tribes+to+reinforce+their+sovereignty%3F&rft.date=2013-06-12&rft.aulast=Crane-Murdoch&rft.aufirst=Sierra&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hcn.org%2Fissues%2F45.10%2Fis-the-violence-against-women-act-a-chance-for-tribes-to-reinforce-their-sovereignty&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130202015640/http://cramer.house.gov/legislation/committees-and-caucuses">"Committees and Caucuses"</a>. <i>cramer.house.gov</i>. Office of U.S. Representative Kevin Cramer. December 13, 2012. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cramer.house.gov/legislation/committees-and-caucuses">the original</a> on February 2, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 1,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=cramer.house.gov&rft.atitle=Committees+and+Caucuses&rft.date=2012-12-13&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcramer.house.gov%2Flegislation%2Fcommittees-and-caucuses&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180612142643/http://www.ng911institute.org/about-the-congressional-nextgen-9-1-1-caucus">"Members"</a>. Congressional NextGen 9-1-1 Caucus. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ng911institute.org/about-the-congressional-nextgen-9-1-1-caucus">the original</a> on June 12, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 11,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Members&rft.pub=Congressional+NextGen+9-1-1+Caucus&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ng911institute.org%2Fabout-the-congressional-nextgen-9-1-1-caucus&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://westerncaucus.house.gov/about/membership.htm">"Members"</a>. Congressional Western Caucus<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 25,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Members&rft.pub=Congressional+Western+Caucus&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwesterncaucus.house.gov%2Fabout%2Fmembership.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ccainstitute.org">"Congressional Coalition on Adoption Institute"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Congressional+Coalition+on+Adoption+Institute&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ccainstitute.org&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMiyoshi2018" class="citation web cs1">Miyoshi, Sheila (January 11, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.politico.com/story/2018/01/11/kevin-cramer-no-senate-in-north-dakota-336495">"Cramer won't run for Senate in North Dakota"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Politico" title="Politico">Politico</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 9,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Politico&rft.atitle=Cramer+won%27t+run+for+Senate+in+North+Dakota&rft.date=2018-01-11&rft.aulast=Miyoshi&rft.aufirst=Sheila&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.politico.com%2Fstory%2F2018%2F01%2F11%2Fkevin-cramer-no-senate-in-north-dakota-336495&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHageman2018" class="citation web cs1">Hageman, John (January 15, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.grandforksherald.com/news/4388374-cramer-names-campaign-manager-re-election-bid">"Cramer names campaign manager for re-election bid"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Grand_Forks_Herald" title="Grand Forks Herald">Grand Forks Herald</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 9,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Grand+Forks+Herald&rft.atitle=Cramer+names+campaign+manager+for+re-election+bid&rft.date=2018-01-15&rft.aulast=Hageman&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.grandforksherald.com%2Fnews%2F4388374-cramer-names-campaign-manager-re-election-bid&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTaylor2018" class="citation news cs1">Taylor, Jessica (February 15, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.npr.org/2018/02/15/586110338/gop-gets-top-recruit-to-run-in-key-north-dakota-senate-race">"GOP Gets Top Recruit To Run In Key North Dakota Senate Race"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/NPR" title="NPR">NPR</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 15,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NPR&rft.atitle=GOP+Gets+Top+Recruit+To+Run+In+Key+North+Dakota+Senate+Race&rft.date=2018-02-15&rft.aulast=Taylor&rft.aufirst=Jessica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2018%2F02%2F15%2F586110338%2Fgop-gets-top-recruit-to-run-in-key-north-dakota-senate-race&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDura2018" class="citation web cs1">Dura, Jack (March 22, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bismarcktribune.com/news/local/govt-and-politics/finken-leading-cramer-campaign/article_edd0170c-2015-53ab-bac5-3fcf9571bc77.html">"Finken leading Cramer campaign"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Bismarck_Tribune" title="The Bismarck Tribune">The Bismarck Tribune</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 21,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Bismarck+Tribune&rft.atitle=Finken+leading+Cramer+campaign&rft.date=2018-03-22&rft.aulast=Dura&rft.aufirst=Jack&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbismarcktribune.com%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Fgovt-and-politics%2Ffinken-leading-cramer-campaign%2Farticle_edd0170c-2015-53ab-bac5-3fcf9571bc77.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBollinger2018" class="citation web cs1">Bollinger, Marcie (April 8, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kfyrtv.com/content/news/Rep-Kevin-Cramer-accepts-GOP-endorsement-479061623.html">"Rep. Kevin Cramer accepts GOP endorsement"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/KFYR-TV" title="KFYR-TV">KFYR-TV</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 21,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=KFYR-TV&rft.atitle=Rep.+Kevin+Cramer+accepts+GOP+endorsement&rft.date=2018-04-08&rft.aulast=Bollinger&rft.aufirst=Marcie&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kfyrtv.com%2Fcontent%2Fnews%2FRep-Kevin-Cramer-accepts-GOP-endorsement-479061623.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSwoyer2018" class="citation web cs1">Swoyer, Alex (April 18, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2018/apr/10/kevin-cramer-senate-campaign-raises-135m-1st-qtr/">"Kevin Cramer's Senate campaign raises $1.135 million in first quarter"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Times" title="The Washington Times">The Washington Times</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 10,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Times&rft.atitle=Kevin+Cramer%27s+Senate+campaign+raises+%241.135+million+in+first+quarter&rft.date=2018-04-18&rft.aulast=Swoyer&rft.aufirst=Alex&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtontimes.com%2Fnews%2F2018%2Fapr%2F10%2Fkevin-cramer-senate-campaign-raises-135m-1st-qtr%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_82-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_82-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSullivan2018" class="citation news cs1">Sullivan, Sean (June 11, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/powerpost/its-obscene-gop-candidate-seethes-as-trump-embraces-democratic-senatorsenator/2018/06/11/b8fa1f86-6b24-11e8-bf8c-f9ed2e672adf_story.html">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'It's obscene': GOP candidate seethes as Trump embraces Democratic senator"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0190-8286">0190-8286</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 12,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=%27It%27s+obscene%27%3A+GOP+candidate+seethes+as+Trump+embraces+Democratic+senator&rft.date=2018-06-11&rft.issn=0190-8286&rft.aulast=Sullivan&rft.aufirst=Sean&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fpowerpost%2Fits-obscene-gop-candidate-seethes-as-trump-embraces-democratic-senatorsenator%2F2018%2F06%2F11%2Fb8fa1f86-6b24-11e8-bf8c-f9ed2e672adf_story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIsenstadt2018" class="citation news cs1">Isenstadt, Alex (June 15, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.politico.com/story/2018/06/15/trump-cramer-north-dakota-senate-650384">"Trump to campaign in N. Dakota for Rep. Kevin Cramer"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Politico" title="Politico">Politico</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 21,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Politico&rft.atitle=Trump+to+campaign+in+N.+Dakota+for+Rep.+Kevin+Cramer&rft.date=2018-06-15&rft.aulast=Isenstadt&rft.aufirst=Alex&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.politico.com%2Fstory%2F2018%2F06%2F15%2Ftrump-cramer-north-dakota-senate-650384&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.seattletimes.com/nation-world/republican-u-s-rep-kevin-cramer-wins-north-dakota-senate-primary-moves-on-to-face-incumbent-sen-heidi-heitkamp/">"Republican U.S. Rep. Kevin Cramer wins North Dakota Senate primary, moves on to face incumbent Sen. Heidi Heitkamp"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Seattle_Times" title="The Seattle Times">The Seattle Times</a></i>. Associated Press. June 12, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 25,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Seattle+Times&rft.atitle=Republican+U.S.+Rep.+Kevin+Cramer+wins+North+Dakota+Senate+primary%2C+moves+on+to+face+incumbent+Sen.+Heidi+Heitkamp&rft.date=2018-06-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.seattletimes.com%2Fnation-world%2Frepublican-u-s-rep-kevin-cramer-wins-north-dakota-senate-primary-moves-on-to-face-incumbent-sen-heidi-heitkamp%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSeverns2018" class="citation news cs1">Severns, Maggie (July 30, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.politico.com/story/2018/07/30/koch-network-kevin-cramer-senate-749833">"Koch network snubs key GOP Senate candidate"</a>. <i>Politico</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 31,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Politico&rft.atitle=Koch+network+snubs+key+GOP+Senate+candidate&rft.date=2018-07-30&rft.aulast=Severns&rft.aufirst=Maggie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.politico.com%2Fstory%2F2018%2F07%2F30%2Fkoch-network-kevin-cramer-senate-749833&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-abc6Nov18-86"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-abc6Nov18_86-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKhanSwireKeneallyJacobo2018" class="citation news cs1">Khan, Mariam; Swire, Sonnet; Keneally, Meghan; Jacobo, Julia (November 6, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/kevin-cramer-defeat-incumbent-sen-heidi-heitkamp-senate/story?id=58853937">"Incumbent Sen. Heidi Heitkamp concedes to Kevin Cramer in North Dakota Senate Race"</a>. <i>ABC News</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 7,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ABC+News&rft.atitle=Incumbent+Sen.+Heidi+Heitkamp+concedes+to+Kevin+Cramer+in+North+Dakota+Senate+Race&rft.date=2018-11-06&rft.aulast=Khan&rft.aufirst=Mariam&rft.au=Swire%2C+Sonnet&rft.au=Keneally%2C+Meghan&rft.au=Jacobo%2C+Julia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fabcnews.go.com%2FPolitics%2Fkevin-cramer-defeat-incumbent-sen-heidi-heitkamp-senate%2Fstory%3Fid%3D58853937&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2018/11/06/us/elections/results-north-dakota-elections.html">"North Dakota Election Results"</a>. <i>New York Times</i>. 6 November 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 9,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Times&rft.atitle=North+Dakota+Election+Results&rft.date=2018-11-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2Finteractive%2F2018%2F11%2F06%2Fus%2Felections%2Fresults-north-dakota-elections.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEverett2019" class="citation web cs1">Everett, Burgess (July 14, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.politico.com/story/2019/07/14/republicans-obamacare-2020-1415313">"Republicans ready to dive off a cliff on Obamacare"</a>. <i>politico.com</i>. <a href="/wiki/Politico" title="Politico">Politico</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201212095549/https://www.politico.com/story/2019/07/14/republicans-obamacare-2020-1415313">Archived</a> from the original on December 12, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 3,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=politico.com&rft.atitle=Republicans+ready+to+dive+off+a+cliff+on+Obamacare&rft.date=2019-07-14&rft.aulast=Everett&rft.aufirst=Burgess&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.politico.com%2Fstory%2F2019%2F07%2F14%2Frepublicans-obamacare-2020-1415313&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMiroffDawsey2019" class="citation news cs1">Miroff, Nick; Dawsey, Josh (August 28, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.texastribune.org/2019/08/28/president-trump-wants-border-wall-painted-black-election-day/">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Take the land': President Trump wants a border wall. He wants it black. And he wants it by Election Day"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201112010255/https://www.texastribune.org/2019/08/28/president-trump-wants-border-wall-painted-black-election-day/">Archived</a> from the original on November 12, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 23,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=%27Take+the+land%27%3A+President+Trump+wants+a+border+wall.+He+wants+it+black.+And+he+wants+it+by+Election+Day.&rft.date=2019-08-28&rft.aulast=Miroff&rft.aufirst=Nick&rft.au=Dawsey%2C+Josh&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.texastribune.org%2F2019%2F08%2F28%2Fpresident-trump-wants-border-wall-painted-black-election-day%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.duluthnewstribune.com/news/nation/4052497-Sen.-Kevin-Cramer-demanding-to-see-border-wall-contracts-after-Army-Corps-panned-North-Dakota-based-construction-firm">"Sen. Kevin Cramer demanding to see border wall contracts after Army Corps panned North Dakota-based construction firm"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i>. August 2, 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190803165517/https://www.duluthnewstribune.com/news/nation/4052497-Sen.-Kevin-Cramer-demanding-to-see-border-wall-contracts-after-Army-Corps-panned-North-Dakota-based-construction-firm">Archived</a> from the original on August 3, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 23,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Sen.+Kevin+Cramer+demanding+to+see+border+wall+contracts+after+Army+Corps+panned+North+Dakota-based+construction+firm&rft.date=2019-08-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.duluthnewstribune.com%2Fnews%2Fnation%2F4052497-Sen.-Kevin-Cramer-demanding-to-see-border-wall-contracts-after-Army-Corps-panned-North-Dakota-based-construction-firm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMiroffPaletta2019" class="citation news cs1">Miroff, Nick; Paletta, Damian (August 3, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/immigration/gop-senator-held-up-trump-nominee-demanding-to-see-border-wall-contracts-after-army-corps-panned-construction-firm-he-prefers/2019/08/02/b185a76a-b566-11e9-8f6c-7828e68cb15f_story.html">"GOP senator held up Trump nominee, demanding to see border wall contracts after Army Corps panned construction firm he prefers"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 25,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=GOP+senator+held+up+Trump+nominee%2C+demanding+to+see+border+wall+contracts+after+Army+Corps+panned+construction+firm+he+prefers&rft.date=2019-08-03&rft.aulast=Miroff&rft.aufirst=Nick&rft.au=Paletta%2C+Damian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fimmigration%2Fgop-senator-held-up-trump-nominee-demanding-to-see-border-wall-contracts-after-army-corps-panned-construction-firm-he-prefers%2F2019%2F08%2F02%2Fb185a76a-b566-11e9-8f6c-7828e68cb15f_story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDuncan2019" class="citation web cs1">Duncan, Conrad (December 3, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/us-politics/trump-border-wall-contract-fox-news-republican-donor-fisher-sand-gravel-arizona-a9230346.html">"$400 million contract for Trump's border wall handed to Republican donor who promoted firm on Fox News"</a>. <i>independent.co.uk</i>. <a href="/wiki/The_Independent" title="The Independent">The Independent</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201101082158/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/us-politics/trump-border-wall-contract-fox-news-republican-donor-fisher-sand-gravel-arizona-a9230346.html">Archived</a> from the original on November 1, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 4,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=independent.co.uk&rft.atitle=%24400+million+contract+for+Trump%27s+border+wall+handed+to+Republican+donor+who+promoted+firm+on+Fox+News&rft.date=2019-12-03&rft.aulast=Duncan&rft.aufirst=Conrad&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Famericas%2Fus-politics%2Ftrump-border-wall-contract-fox-news-republican-donor-fisher-sand-gravel-arizona-a9230346.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/north-dakota-executive-sentenced-prison-tax-fraud">"North Dakota Executive Sentenced to Prison for Tax Fraud"</a>. <i>justice.gov</i>. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Justice" title="United States Department of Justice">United States Department of Justice</a>. December 14, 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201111202107/https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/north-dakota-executive-sentenced-prison-tax-fraud">Archived</a> from the original on November 11, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 23,</span> 2020</span>. <q>The agreement requires FSG to pay a total of $1.16 million in restitution, penalties and fines, implement measures to prevent future fraud at the company and cooperate with the IRS in audits of its tax returns.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=justice.gov&rft.atitle=North+Dakota+Executive+Sentenced+to+Prison+for+Tax+Fraud&rft.date=2009-12-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.justice.gov%2Fopa%2Fpr%2Fnorth-dakota-executive-sentenced-prison-tax-fraud&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlvarezForanBrowne2019" class="citation news cs1">Alvarez, Priscilla; Foran, Clare; Browne, Ryan (May 31, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://edition.cnn.com/2019/05/31/politics/fisher-sand-and-gravel-legal-history-border-wall/index.html">"Company touted by Trump to build the wall has history of fines, violations"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200818172714/https://edition.cnn.com/2019/05/31/politics/fisher-sand-and-gravel-legal-history-border-wall/index.html">Archived</a> from the original on August 18, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 23,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft.atitle=Company+touted+by+Trump+to+build+the+wall+has+history+of+fines%2C+violations&rft.date=2019-05-31&rft.aulast=Alvarez&rft.aufirst=Priscilla&rft.au=Foran%2C+Clare&rft.au=Browne%2C+Ryan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fedition.cnn.com%2F2019%2F05%2F31%2Fpolitics%2Ffisher-sand-and-gravel-legal-history-border-wall%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMangan2019" class="citation web cs1">Mangan, Dan (October 18, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnbc.com/2019/10/18/democratic-senators-call-trumps-doral-miami-g7-pick-outrageous.html">"Democrats call Trump's Doral G-7 pick 'outrageous' — GOP senator says it shows 'tremendous integrity'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/CNBC" title="CNBC">CNBC</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 19,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CNBC&rft.atitle=Democrats+call+Trump%27s+Doral+G-7+pick+%27outrageous%27+%E2%80%94+GOP+senator+says+it+shows+%27tremendous+integrity%27&rft.date=2019-10-18&rft.aulast=Mangan&rft.aufirst=Dan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnbc.com%2F2019%2F10%2F18%2Fdemocratic-senators-call-trumps-doral-miami-g7-pick-outrageous.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOlorunnipaDawseyFahrenthold2019" class="citation news cs1">Olorunnipa, Toluse; Dawsey, Josh; <a href="/wiki/David_Fahrenthold" title="David Fahrenthold">Fahrenthold, David A.</a> (October 21, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/trump-reversed-course-on-hosting-g-7-at-his-club-after-learning-that-impeachment-weary-republicans-were-tired-of-defending-him/2019/10/20/edbb3f36-f36b-11e9-829d-87b12c2f85dd_story.html">"Trump reversed course on hosting G-7 at his club after learning that impeachment-weary Republicans were tired of defending him"</a>. <i>The Washington Post</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 14,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Trump+reversed+course+on+hosting+G-7+at+his+club+after+learning+that+impeachment-weary+Republicans+were+tired+of+defending+him&rft.date=2019-10-21&rft.aulast=Olorunnipa&rft.aufirst=Toluse&rft.au=Dawsey%2C+Josh&rft.au=Fahrenthold%2C+David+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fpolitics%2Ftrump-reversed-course-on-hosting-g-7-at-his-club-after-learning-that-impeachment-weary-republicans-were-tired-of-defending-him%2F2019%2F10%2F20%2Fedbb3f36-f36b-11e9-829d-87b12c2f85dd_story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMillerColvin2019" class="citation web cs1">Miller, Zeke; Colvin, Jill (October 19, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.yahoo.com/trump-drops-plan-host-g-021324406.html">"Trump drops plan to host G-7 at Doral"</a>. <i>Yahoo News</i>. Associated Press<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 14,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Yahoo+News&rft.atitle=Trump+drops+plan+to+host+G-7+at+Doral&rft.date=2019-10-19&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=Zeke&rft.au=Colvin%2C+Jill&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.yahoo.com%2Ftrump-drops-plan-host-g-021324406.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDaly2019" class="citation news cs1">Daly, Matthew (December 5, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apnews.com/article/667b2a7a9ed23169f08e657704956398">"GOP senator bows to White House on Armenian genocide measure"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">Associated Press</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201224053247/https://apnews.com/article/667b2a7a9ed23169f08e657704956398">Archived</a> from the original on December 24, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 23,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Associated+Press&rft.atitle=GOP+senator+bows+to+White+House+on+Armenian+genocide+measure&rft.date=2019-12-05&rft.aulast=Daly&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapnews.com%2Farticle%2F667b2a7a9ed23169f08e657704956398&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-99"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-99">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHornungHagen2019" class="citation web cs1">Hornung, Sabrina; Hagen, C.S. (December 11, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200802205126/https://hpr1.com/index.php/feature/news/sen.-cramer-defies-nd-motion-on-armenian-genocide/">"Sen. Cramer Defies ND Motion On Armenian Genocide"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/High_Plains_Reader" title="High Plains Reader">High Plains Reader</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hpr1.com/index.php/feature/news/sen.-cramer-defies-nd-motion-on-armenian-genocide/">the original</a> on August 2, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 14,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=High+Plains+Reader&rft.atitle=Sen.+Cramer+Defies+ND+Motion+On+Armenian+Genocide&rft.date=2019-12-11&rft.aulast=Hornung&rft.aufirst=Sabrina&rft.au=Hagen%2C+C.S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhpr1.com%2Findex.php%2Ffeature%2Fnews%2Fsen.-cramer-defies-nd-motion-on-armenian-genocide%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bismarcktribune.com/opinion/editorial/tribune-editorial-cramer-wrong-to-block-vote-on-resolution/article_2f5a87ff-87a5-5e2b-a121-367a3014396f.html">"Tribune editorial: Cramer wrong to block vote on resolution"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Bismarck_Tribune" title="The Bismarck Tribune">The Bismarck Tribune</a></i>. December 11, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 14,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Bismarck+Tribune&rft.atitle=Tribune+editorial%3A+Cramer+wrong+to+block+vote+on+resolution&rft.date=2019-12-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbismarcktribune.com%2Fopinion%2Feditorial%2Ftribune-editorial-cramer-wrong-to-block-vote-on-resolution%2Farticle_2f5a87ff-87a5-5e2b-a121-367a3014396f.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-101">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/wireStory/us-sen-cramer-apologizes-offensive-term-pelosi-69789191?cid=referral_taboola_feed">"US Sen. Cramer apologizes for offensive term about Pelosi"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/ABC_News_(United_States)" title="ABC News (United States)">ABC News</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">Associated Press</a>. March 25, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 25,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ABC+News&rft.atitle=US+Sen.+Cramer+apologizes+for+offensive+term+about+Pelosi&rft.date=2020-03-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fabcnews.go.com%2FPolitics%2FwireStory%2Fus-sen-cramer-apologizes-offensive-term-pelosi-69789191%3Fcid%3Dreferral_taboola_feed&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-102">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.valleynewslive.com/content/news/Sen-Kevin-Cramer-tweets-offensive-word-aimed-at-Speaker-Pelosi-569080571.html">"Sen. Kevin Cramer tweets offensive word aimed at Speaker Pelosi"</a>. <i>www.valleynewslive.com</i>. 25 March 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 April</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.valleynewslive.com&rft.atitle=Sen.+Kevin+Cramer+tweets+offensive+word+aimed+at+Speaker+Pelosi&rft.date=2020-03-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.valleynewslive.com%2Fcontent%2Fnews%2FSen-Kevin-Cramer-tweets-offensive-word-aimed-at-Speaker-Pelosi-569080571.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarch_30" class="citation web cs1">March 30, Sean Neumann. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://people.com/politics/sen-kevin-cramer-blames-autocorrect-nancy-pelosi-tweet/">"Senator Blames Autocorrect for 'Offensive' Nancy Pelosi Tweet, but Not Everyone Is Convinced"</a>. <i>PEOPLE.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 April</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=PEOPLE.com&rft.atitle=Senator+Blames+Autocorrect+for+%27Offensive%27+Nancy+Pelosi+Tweet%2C+but+Not+Everyone+Is+Convinced&rft.aulast=March+30&rft.aufirst=Sean+Neumann&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpeople.com%2Fpolitics%2Fsen-kevin-cramer-blames-autocorrect-nancy-pelosi-tweet%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_numeric_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-104"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-104">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apnews.com/article/health-coronavirus-pandemic-e46ee08342c6da9971cd4735eeb179e4">"US Sen. Cramer apologizes for offensive term about Pelosi"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">Associated Press</a></i>. 12 August 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 April</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Associated+Press&rft.atitle=US+Sen.+Cramer+apologizes+for+offensive+term+about+Pelosi&rft.date=2021-08-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapnews.com%2Farticle%2Fhealth-coronavirus-pandemic-e46ee08342c6da9971cd4735eeb179e4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-105"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-105">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKamisar2020" class="citation web cs1">Kamisar, Ben (November 22, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/meet-the-press/gop-sen-cramer-says-it-s-past-time-start-transition-n1248548">"GOP Sen. Cramer says it's 'past time' to start transition as challenges continue"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/NBC_News" title="NBC News">NBC News</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 22,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NBC+News&rft.atitle=GOP+Sen.+Cramer+says+it%27s+%27past+time%27+to+start+transition+as+challenges+continue&rft.date=2020-11-22&rft.aulast=Kamisar&rft.aufirst=Ben&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nbcnews.com%2Fpolitics%2Fmeet-the-press%2Fgop-sen-cramer-says-it-s-past-time-start-transition-n1248548&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-106"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-106">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBaker2022" class="citation web cs1">Baker, Sinéad (January 12, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/top-gop-senators-stand-by-mike-rounds-after-trump-attack-2022-1">"Top Republican senators are standing by Mike Rounds after Trump attacked him for saying the 2020 election was fair"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Business_Insider" title="Business Insider">Business Insider</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 12,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Business+Insider&rft.atitle=Top+Republican+senators+are+standing+by+Mike+Rounds+after+Trump+attacked+him+for+saying+the+2020+election+was+fair&rft.date=2022-01-12&rft.aulast=Baker&rft.aufirst=Sin%C3%A9ad&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.businessinsider.com%2Ftop-gop-senators-stand-by-mike-rounds-after-trump-attack-2022-1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-107"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-107">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFReimann2022" class="citation web cs1">Reimann, Nicholas (January 11, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/nicholasreimann/2022/01/11/gop-figures-blast-trumps-rehashing-of-election-fraud-claims-learn-to-lose">"GOP Figures Blast Trump's Rehashing Of Election Fraud Claims: 'Learn To Lose'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Forbes" title="Forbes">Forbes</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 12,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Forbes&rft.atitle=GOP+Figures+Blast+Trump%27s+Rehashing+Of+Election+Fraud+Claims%3A+%27Learn+To+Lose%27&rft.date=2022-01-11&rft.aulast=Reimann&rft.aufirst=Nicholas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.forbes.com%2Fsites%2Fnicholasreimann%2F2022%2F01%2F11%2Fgop-figures-blast-trumps-rehashing-of-election-fraud-claims-learn-to-lose&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-108"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-108">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGarrett2022" class="citation web cs1">Garrett, Major (May 20, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbsnews.com/news/kevin-cramer-trump-pompeo-the-takeout/">"Sen. Kevin Cramer would 'love' 4 more years of Trump, but maybe Pompeo would offer a 'fresh start'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/CBS_News" title="CBS News">CBS News</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 8,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CBS+News&rft.atitle=Sen.+Kevin+Cramer+would+%27love%27+4+more+years+of+Trump%2C+but+maybe+Pompeo+would+offer+a+%27fresh+start%27&rft.date=2022-05-20&rft.aulast=Garrett&rft.aufirst=Major&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbsnews.com%2Fnews%2Fkevin-cramer-trump-pompeo-the-takeout%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cramer-109"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Cramer_109-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHolt2023" class="citation web cs1">Holt, Matt (June 7, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230607163825/https://themessenger.com/politics/governor-doug-burgum-launches-presidential-campaign">"North Dakota Governor Doug Burgum Launches Presidential Campaign"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Messenger_(website)" title="The Messenger (website)">The Messenger</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://themessenger.com/politics/governor-doug-burgum-launches-presidential-campaign">the original</a> on June 7, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=North+Dakota+Governor+Doug+Burgum+Launches+Presidential+Campaign&rft.pub=The+Messenger&rft.date=2023-06-07&rft.aulast=Holt&rft.aufirst=Matt&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthemessenger.com%2Fpolitics%2Fgovernor-doug-burgum-launches-presidential-campaign&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-110"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-110">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.inforum.com/news/north-dakota/sen-kevin-cramer-endorses-trump-for-president-hours-after-burgum-drops-out">"Sen. Kevin Cramer endorses Trump for president hours after Burgum drops out"</a>. <i>InForum</i>. December 5, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=InForum&rft.atitle=Sen.+Kevin+Cramer+endorses+Trump+for+president+hours+after+Burgum+drops+out&rft.date=2023-12-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.inforum.com%2Fnews%2Fnorth-dakota%2Fsen-kevin-cramer-endorses-trump-for-president-hours-after-burgum-drops-out&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-111"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-111">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.senate.gov/general/committee_assignments/assignments.htm#CramerND">"Committee Assignments of the 116th Congress"</a>. <i>senate.gov</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 25,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=senate.gov&rft.atitle=Committee+Assignments+of+the+116th+Congress&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.senate.gov%2Fgeneral%2Fcommittee_assignments%2Fassignments.htm%23CramerND&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-112"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-112">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.facebook.com/votecramer/videos/get-to-know-kevin-cramer-through-the-eyes-of-his-son-abel/10155851862603411/"><i>Get to know Kevin Cramer through the eyes of his son, Abel. | By Kevin Cramer | Facebook</i></a><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-01-26</span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Get+to+know+Kevin+Cramer+through+the+eyes+of+his+son%2C+Abel.+%7C+By+Kevin+Cramer+%7C+Facebook&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.facebook.com%2Fvotecramer%2Fvideos%2Fget-to-know-kevin-cramer-through-the-eyes-of-his-son-abel%2F10155851862603411%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-113"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-113">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.inforum.com/news/cramer-heitkamp-inspired-by-the-loved-ones-they-lost">"Cramer, Heitkamp inspired by the loved ones they lost"</a>. <i>InForum</i>. 2018-07-08<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-01-26</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=InForum&rft.atitle=Cramer%2C+Heitkamp+inspired+by+the+loved+ones+they+lost&rft.date=2018-07-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.inforum.com%2Fnews%2Fcramer-heitkamp-inspired-by-the-loved-ones-they-lost&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-114"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-114">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071102230817/http://pc6.psc.state.nd.us/commission/cramer.html">"NDDOT - nd511"</a>. <i>Pc6.psc.state.nd.us</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pc6.psc.state.nd.us/commission/cramer.html">the original</a> on 2007-11-02<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-01-08</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Pc6.psc.state.nd.us&rft.atitle=NDDOT+-+nd511&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpc6.psc.state.nd.us%2Fcommission%2Fcramer.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-115"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-115">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bismarcktribune.com/news/local/govt-and-politics/cramer-to-stay-in-bismarck-with-family/article_337e690b-4a9b-50d2-b41e-b9809c26adf4.html">"Cramer to stay in Bismarck with family | Government, Politics and Elections"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Bismarck_Tribune" title="The Bismarck Tribune">The Bismarck Tribune</a></i>. February 27, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 21,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Bismarck+Tribune&rft.atitle=Cramer+to+stay+in+Bismarck+with+family+%26%23124%3B+Government%2C+Politics+and+Elections&rft.date=2018-02-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbismarcktribune.com%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Fgovt-and-politics%2Fcramer-to-stay-in-bismarck-with-family%2Farticle_337e690b-4a9b-50d2-b41e-b9809c26adf4.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-116"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-116">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLyons2019" class="citation news cs1">Lyons, Kathryn (June 15, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rollcall.com/2019/06/15/this-senator-lost-one-son-but-gained-another/">"This senator lost one son, but gained another"</a>. Roll Call<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 19,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=This+senator+lost+one+son%2C+but+gained+another&rft.date=2019-06-15&rft.aulast=Lyons&rft.aufirst=Kathryn&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rollcall.com%2F2019%2F06%2F15%2Fthis-senator-lost-one-son-but-gained-another%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-117"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-117">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHerzog2011" class="citation news cs1">Herzog, Karen (May 5, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bismarcktribune.com/news/local/fifth-and-final-honor-flight-will-take-wwii-veterans-to/article_0569a3d0-7750-11e0-8cae-001cc4c03286.html">"Fifth and final Honor Flight will take WWII veterans to see their memorial"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Bismarck_Tribune" title="The Bismarck Tribune">The Bismarck Tribune</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 9,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Bismarck+Tribune&rft.atitle=Fifth+and+final+Honor+Flight+will+take+WWII+veterans+to+see+their+memorial&rft.date=2011-05-05&rft.aulast=Herzog&rft.aufirst=Karen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbismarcktribune.com%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Ffifth-and-final-honor-flight-will-take-wwii-veterans-to%2Farticle_0569a3d0-7750-11e0-8cae-001cc4c03286.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-118">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTurley2022" class="citation news cs1">Turley, Jeremy (22 June 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jamestownsun.com/news/north-dakota/sen-cramer-suffers-serious-hand-injury-in-yard-work-accident">"Sen. Kevin Cramer badly injures hand in yardwork accident"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Jamestown_Sun" title="Jamestown Sun">Jamestown Sun</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 June</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Jamestown+Sun&rft.atitle=Sen.+Kevin+Cramer+badly+injures+hand+in+yardwork+accident&rft.date=2022-06-22&rft.aulast=Turley&rft.aufirst=Jeremy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jamestownsun.com%2Fnews%2Fnorth-dakota%2Fsen-cramer-suffers-serious-hand-injury-in-yard-work-accident&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-119"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-119">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apnews.com/article/senator-kevin-cramer-son-deputy-killed-crash-8bc104624d74428eb196a830f4aafbce">"Son of US Sen. Kevin Cramer crashes during police chase, killing North Dakota sheriff's deputy"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/AP_News" class="mw-redirect" title="AP News">AP News</a></i>. December 7, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 7,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=AP+News&rft.atitle=Son+of+US+Sen.+Kevin+Cramer+crashes+during+police+chase%2C+killing+North+Dakota+sheriff%27s+deputy&rft.date=2023-12-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapnews.com%2Farticle%2Fsenator-kevin-cramer-son-deputy-killed-crash-8bc104624d74428eb196a830f4aafbce&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-120"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-120">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/other/north-dakota-s-senator-s-son-faces-upgraded-charge-in-crash-that-killed-sheriff-s-deputy/ar-AA1lwrdu">"MSN"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/MSN" title="MSN">MSN</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=MSN&rft.atitle=MSN&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.msn.com%2Fen-us%2Fnews%2Fother%2Fnorth-dakota-s-senator-s-son-faces-upgraded-charge-in-crash-that-killed-sheriff-s-deputy%2Far-AA1lwrdu&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-121"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-121">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cramer.senate.gov/news/press-releases/senator-cramer-issues-personal-statement">"Senator Cramer Issues Personal Statement"</a>. <i>www.cramer.senate.gov</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-12-15</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.cramer.senate.gov&rft.atitle=Senator+Cramer+Issues+Personal+Statement&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cramer.senate.gov%2Fnews%2Fpress-releases%2Fsenator-cramer-issues-personal-statement&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-OfficialResults-122"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-OfficialResults_122-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://results.sos.nd.gov/ResultsSW.aspx?text=All&type=SW&map=CTY&eid=292">"North Dakota Official Results General Election - November 8, 2016"</a>. North Dakota Secretary of State<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 7,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=North+Dakota+Official+Results+General+Election+-+November+8%2C+2016&rft.pub=North+Dakota+Secretary+of+State&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fresults.sos.nd.gov%2FResultsSW.aspx%3Ftext%3DAll%26type%3DSW%26map%3DCTY%26eid%3D292&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-123"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-123">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlmukhtarBlochLee2018" class="citation news cs1">Almukhtar, Sarah; Bloch, Matthew; Lee, Jasmine C. (12 June 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2018/06/12/us/elections/results-north-dakota-primary-elections.html">"North Dakota Primary Election Results"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 9,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=North+Dakota+Primary+Election+Results&rft.date=2018-06-12&rft.aulast=Almukhtar&rft.aufirst=Sarah&rft.au=Bloch%2C+Matthew&rft.au=Lee%2C+Jasmine+C.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2Finteractive%2F2018%2F06%2F12%2Fus%2Felections%2Fresults-north-dakota-primary-elections.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-124"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-124">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://results.sos.nd.gov/ResultsSW.aspx?text=All&type=SW&map=CTY&eid=303">"Official Results General Election - November 6, 2018"</a>. <i>results.sos.nd.gov</i>. North Dakota Secretary of State<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 25,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=results.sos.nd.gov&rft.atitle=Official+Results+General+Election+-+November+6%2C+2018&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fresults.sos.nd.gov%2FResultsSW.aspx%3Ftext%3DAll%26type%3DSW%26map%3DCTY%26eid%3D303&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKevin+Cramer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kevin_Cramer&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/34px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="34" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/51px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/68px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikiquote has quotations related to <i><b><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Kevin_Cramer" class="extiw" title="q:Special:Search/Kevin Cramer">Kevin Cramer</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cramer.senate.gov">Senator Kevin Cramer</a> official U.S. Senate website</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kevincramer.org/">Kevin Cramer for Congress</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.c-span.org/person/?7600">Appearances</a> on <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=C001096">Biography</a> at the <i><a href="/wiki/Biographical_Directory_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="Biographical Directory of the United States Congress">Biographical Directory of the United States Congress</a></i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/S8ND00120">Financial information (federal office)</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Election_Commission" title="Federal Election Commission">Federal Election Commission</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.congress.gov/member/kevin-cramer/2144">Legislation sponsored</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://justfacts.votesmart.org/candidate/444">Profile</a> at <a href="/wiki/Vote_Smart" title="Vote Smart">Vote Smart</a></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFBF00;">Party political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Layton_Freborg" title="Layton Freborg">Layton Freborg</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Chair of the <a href="/wiki/North_Dakota_Republican_Party" title="North Dakota Republican Party">North Dakota Republican Party</a> </b><br />1991–1993 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/John_Korsmo" title="John Korsmo">John Korsmo</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Rick_Berg" title="Rick Berg">Rick Berg</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> nominee for <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_North_Dakota" title="List of United States senators from North Dakota">U.S. Senator</a> from <a href="/wiki/North_Dakota" title="North Dakota">North Dakota</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Classes_of_United_States_senators" title="Classes of United States senators">Class 1</a>) </b><br /><a href="/wiki/2018_United_States_Senate_election_in_North_Dakota" title="2018 United States Senate election in North Dakota">2018</a>, <a href="/wiki/2024_United_States_Senate_election_in_North_Dakota" title="2024 United States Senate election in North Dakota">2024</a> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b>Most recent</b> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ccccff;">Political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold">Jim Fuglie</div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Tourism Director of North Dakota </b><br />1993–1997 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold">Bob Martinson</div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold">Chuck Stroup</div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Economic Development Director of North Dakota </b><br />1997–2000 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold">Lee Peterson</div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Leo_M._Reinbold" title="Leo M. Reinbold">Leo Reinbold</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Member of the <a href="/wiki/North_Dakota_Public_Service_Commission" title="North Dakota Public Service Commission">North Dakota Public Service Commission</a> </b><br />2003–2012 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Julie_Fedorchak" title="Julie Fedorchak">Julie Fedorchak</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #cccccc"><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">U.S. House of Representatives</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Rick_Berg" title="Rick Berg">Rick Berg</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Member of the <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_North_Dakota" title="List of United States representatives from North Dakota">U.S. House of Representatives</a> <br />from <span data-sort-value="North DakotaAL !"><a href="/wiki/North_Dakota%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="North Dakota's at-large congressional district">North Dakota's at-large congressional district</a></span> </b><br />2013–2019 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Kelly_Armstrong" title="Kelly Armstrong">Kelly Armstrong</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #cccccc"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">U.S. Senate</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Heidi_Heitkamp" title="Heidi Heitkamp">Heidi Heitkamp</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_North_Dakota" title="List of United States senators from North Dakota">U.S. Senator (Class 1) from North Dakota</a> </b><br />2019–present <br />Served alongside: <b><a href="/wiki/John_Hoeven" title="John Hoeven">John Hoeven</a></b> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b>Incumbent</b> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #cfc;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_order_of_precedence" title="United States order of precedence">U.S. order of precedence</a> (ceremonial) </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Jacky_Rosen" title="Jacky Rosen">Jacky Rosen</a></div><i><b>as United States Senator from <a href="/wiki/Nevada" title="Nevada">Nevada</a> </b></i> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/United_States_order_of_precedence" title="United States order of precedence">Order of precedence of the United States</a> <br /><i><span style="font-size:85%;">as United States Senator from <a href="/wiki/North_Dakota" title="North Dakota">North Dakota</a></span> </i> </b><br />since January 3, 2019 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Mitt_Romney" title="Mitt Romney">Mitt Romney</a></div><i><b>as United States Senator from <a href="/wiki/Utah" title="Utah">Utah</a> </b></i> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Kyrsten_Sinema" title="Kyrsten Sinema">Kyrsten Sinema</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Seniority_in_the_United_States_Senate" title="Seniority in the United States Senate">United States senators by seniority</a> </b><br />75th </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Jacky_Rosen" title="Jacky Rosen">Jacky Rosen</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="United_States_senators_from_North_Dakota" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:United_States_senators_from_North_Dakota" title="Template:United States senators from North Dakota"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:United_States_senators_from_North_Dakota" title="Template talk:United States senators from North Dakota"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:United_States_senators_from_North_Dakota" title="Special:EditPage/Template:United States senators from North Dakota"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="United_States_senators_from_North_Dakota" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_North_Dakota" title="List of United States senators from North Dakota">United States senators from North Dakota</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Class 1</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lyman_R._Casey" title="Lyman R. Casey">Casey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_N._Roach" title="William N. Roach">Roach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porter_J._McCumber" title="Porter J. McCumber">McCumber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lynn_Frazier" title="Lynn Frazier">Frazier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Langer" title="William Langer">Langer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norman_Brunsdale" title="Norman Brunsdale">Brunsdale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quentin_Burdick" title="Quentin Burdick">Q. Burdick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jocelyn_Burdick" title="Jocelyn Burdick">J. Burdick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kent_Conrad" title="Kent Conrad">Conrad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heidi_Heitkamp" title="Heidi Heitkamp">Heitkamp</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cramer</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="United States Senate"><img alt="United States Senate" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/80px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/120px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/160px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1030" data-file-height="1030" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Class 3</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gilbert_A._Pierce" title="Gilbert A. Pierce">Pierce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_C._Hansbrough" title="Henry C. Hansbrough">Hansbrough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_N._Johnson" title="Martin N. Johnson">Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fountain_L._Thompson" title="Fountain L. Thompson">Thompson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_E._Purcell" title="William E. Purcell">Purcell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asle_Gronna" title="Asle Gronna">Gronna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edwin_F._Ladd" title="Edwin F. Ladd">Ladd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Nye" title="Gerald Nye">Nye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Moses_(American_politician)" title="John Moses (American politician)">Moses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milton_Young" title="Milton Young">Young</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Andrews_(politician)" title="Mark Andrews (politician)">Andrews</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kent_Conrad" title="Kent Conrad">Conrad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byron_Dorgan" title="Byron Dorgan">Dorgan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Hoeven" title="John Hoeven">Hoeven</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Current_United_States_senators" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Current_U.S._senators" title="Template:Current U.S. senators"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Current_U.S._senators" title="Template talk:Current U.S. senators"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Current_U.S._senators" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Current U.S. senators"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Current_United_States_senators" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_United_States_senators" title="List of current United States senators">Current United States senators</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><b><a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States#Constitutional_roles" title="Vice President of the United States">President</a>:</b> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Kamala_Harris" title="Kamala Harris">Kamala Harris</a> (D) ‧ <b><a href="/wiki/President_pro_tempore_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="President pro tempore of the United States Senate">President pro tempore</a>:</b> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Patty_Murray" title="Patty Murray">Patty Murray</a> (D)</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd plainlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent; text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 14em;"> <ul><li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Alabama" title="List of United States senators from Alabama">AL</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Tommy_Tuberville" title="Tommy Tuberville">Tuberville</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Katie_Britt" title="Katie Britt">Britt</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Alaska" title="List of United States senators from Alaska">AK</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Lisa_Murkowski" title="Lisa Murkowski">Murkowski</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Dan_Sullivan_(U.S._senator)" title="Dan Sullivan (U.S. senator)">Sullivan</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Arizona" title="List of United States senators from Arizona">AZ</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#DDDDBB;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Kyrsten_Sinema" title="Kyrsten Sinema">Sinema</a> (I)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Mark_Kelly" title="Mark Kelly">Kelly</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Arkansas" title="List of United States senators from Arkansas">AR</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/John_Boozman" title="John Boozman">Boozman</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Tom_Cotton" title="Tom Cotton">Cotton</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_California" title="List of United States senators from California">CA</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Alex_Padilla" title="Alex Padilla">Padilla</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Laphonza_Butler" title="Laphonza Butler">Butler</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Colorado" title="List of United States senators from Colorado">CO</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Michael_Bennet" title="Michael Bennet">Bennet</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/John_Hickenlooper" title="John Hickenlooper">Hickenlooper</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Connecticut" title="List of United States senators from Connecticut">CT</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Richard_Blumenthal" title="Richard Blumenthal">Blumenthal</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Chris_Murphy" title="Chris Murphy">Murphy</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Delaware" title="List of United States senators from Delaware">DE</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Tom_Carper" title="Tom Carper">Carper</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Chris_Coons" title="Chris Coons">Coons</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Florida" title="List of United States senators from Florida">FL</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Marco_Rubio" title="Marco Rubio">Rubio</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Rick_Scott" title="Rick Scott">R. Scott</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Georgia" title="List of United States senators from Georgia">GA</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Jon_Ossoff" title="Jon Ossoff">Ossoff</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Raphael_Warnock" title="Raphael Warnock">Warnock</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Hawaii" title="List of United States senators from Hawaii">HI</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Brian_Schatz" title="Brian Schatz">Schatz</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Mazie_Hirono" title="Mazie Hirono">Hirono</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Idaho" title="List of United States senators from Idaho">ID</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Mike_Crapo" title="Mike Crapo">Crapo</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Jim_Risch" title="Jim Risch">Risch</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Illinois" title="List of United States senators from Illinois">IL</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Dick_Durbin" title="Dick Durbin">Durbin</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Tammy_Duckworth" title="Tammy Duckworth">Duckworth</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Indiana" title="List of United States senators from Indiana">IN</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Todd_Young" title="Todd Young">Young</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Mike_Braun" title="Mike Braun">Braun</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Iowa" title="List of United States senators from Iowa">IA</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Chuck_Grassley" title="Chuck Grassley">Grassley</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Joni_Ernst" title="Joni Ernst">Ernst</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Kansas" title="List of United States senators from Kansas">KS</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Jerry_Moran" title="Jerry Moran">Moran</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Roger_Marshall" title="Roger Marshall">Marshall</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Kentucky" title="List of United States senators from Kentucky">KY</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Mitch_McConnell" title="Mitch McConnell">McConnell</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Rand_Paul" title="Rand Paul">Paul</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Louisiana" title="List of United States senators from Louisiana">LA</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Bill_Cassidy" title="Bill Cassidy">Cassidy</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/John_Kennedy_(Louisiana_politician)" title="John Kennedy (Louisiana politician)">Kennedy</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Maine" title="List of United States senators from Maine">ME</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Susan_Collins" title="Susan Collins">Collins</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#DDDDBB;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Angus_King" title="Angus King">King</a> (I)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Maryland" title="List of United States senators from Maryland">MD</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Ben_Cardin" title="Ben Cardin">Cardin</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Chris_Van_Hollen" title="Chris Van Hollen">Van Hollen</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Massachusetts" title="List of United States senators from Massachusetts">MA</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Warren" title="Elizabeth Warren">Warren</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Ed_Markey" title="Ed Markey">Markey</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Michigan" title="List of United States senators from Michigan">MI</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Debbie_Stabenow" title="Debbie Stabenow">Stabenow</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Gary_Peters" title="Gary Peters">Peters</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Minnesota" title="List of United States senators from Minnesota">MN</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Amy_Klobuchar" title="Amy Klobuchar">Klobuchar</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Tina_Smith" title="Tina Smith">Smith</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Mississippi" title="List of United States senators from Mississippi">MS</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Roger_Wicker" title="Roger Wicker">Wicker</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Cindy_Hyde-Smith" title="Cindy Hyde-Smith">Hyde-Smith</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Missouri" title="List of United States senators from Missouri">MO</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Josh_Hawley" title="Josh Hawley">Hawley</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Eric_Schmitt" title="Eric Schmitt">Schmitt</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Montana" title="List of United States senators from Montana">MT</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Jon_Tester" title="Jon Tester">Tester</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Steve_Daines" title="Steve Daines">Daines</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Nebraska" title="List of United States senators from Nebraska">NE</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Deb_Fischer" title="Deb Fischer">Fischer</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Pete_Ricketts" title="Pete Ricketts">Ricketts</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Nevada" title="List of United States senators from Nevada">NV</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Catherine_Cortez_Masto" title="Catherine Cortez Masto">Cortez Masto</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Jacky_Rosen" title="Jacky Rosen">Rosen</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_New_Hampshire" title="List of United States senators from New Hampshire">NH</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Jeanne_Shaheen" title="Jeanne Shaheen">Shaheen</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Maggie_Hassan" title="Maggie Hassan">Hassan</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_New_Jersey" title="List of United States senators from New Jersey">NJ</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Cory_Booker" title="Cory Booker">Booker</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/George_Helmy" title="George Helmy">Helmy</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_New_Mexico" title="List of United States senators from New Mexico">NM</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Martin_Heinrich" title="Martin Heinrich">Heinrich</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Ben_Ray_Luj%C3%A1n" title="Ben Ray Luján">Luján</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_New_York" title="List of United States senators from New York">NY</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Chuck_Schumer" title="Chuck Schumer">Schumer</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Kirsten_Gillibrand" title="Kirsten Gillibrand">Gillibrand</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_North_Carolina" title="List of United States senators from North Carolina">NC</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Thom_Tillis" title="Thom Tillis">Tillis</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Ted_Budd" title="Ted Budd">Budd</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_North_Dakota" title="List of United States senators from North Dakota">ND</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/John_Hoeven" title="John Hoeven">Hoeven</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cramer</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Ohio" title="List of United States senators from Ohio">OH</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Sherrod_Brown" title="Sherrod Brown">Brown</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/JD_Vance" title="JD Vance">Vance</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Oklahoma" title="List of United States senators from Oklahoma">OK</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/James_Lankford" title="James Lankford">Lankford</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Markwayne_Mullin" title="Markwayne Mullin">Mullin</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Oregon" title="List of United States senators from Oregon">OR</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Ron_Wyden" title="Ron Wyden">Wyden</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Jeff_Merkley" title="Jeff Merkley">Merkley</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Pennsylvania" title="List of United States senators from Pennsylvania">PA</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Bob_Casey_Jr." title="Bob Casey Jr.">Casey</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/John_Fetterman" title="John Fetterman">Fetterman</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Rhode_Island" title="List of United States senators from Rhode Island">RI</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Jack_Reed_(Rhode_Island_politician)" title="Jack Reed (Rhode Island politician)">Reed</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Sheldon_Whitehouse" title="Sheldon Whitehouse">Whitehouse</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_South_Carolina" title="List of United States senators from South Carolina">SC</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Lindsey_Graham" title="Lindsey Graham">Graham</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Tim_Scott" title="Tim Scott">T. Scott</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_South_Dakota" title="List of United States senators from South Dakota">SD</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/John_Thune" title="John Thune">Thune</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Mike_Rounds" title="Mike Rounds">Rounds</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Tennessee" title="List of United States senators from Tennessee">TN</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Marsha_Blackburn" title="Marsha Blackburn">Blackburn</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Bill_Hagerty" title="Bill Hagerty">Hagerty</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Texas" title="List of United States senators from Texas">TX</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/John_Cornyn" title="John Cornyn">Cornyn</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Ted_Cruz" title="Ted Cruz">Cruz</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Utah" title="List of United States senators from Utah">UT</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Mike_Lee" title="Mike Lee">Lee</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Mitt_Romney" title="Mitt Romney">Romney</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Vermont" title="List of United States senators from Vermont">VT</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#DDDDBB;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Bernie_Sanders" title="Bernie Sanders">Sanders</a> (I)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Peter_Welch" title="Peter Welch">Welch</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Virginia" title="List of United States senators from Virginia">VA</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Mark_Warner" title="Mark Warner">Warner</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Tim_Kaine" title="Tim Kaine">Kaine</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Washington" title="List of United States senators from Washington">WA</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Patty_Murray" title="Patty Murray">Murray</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Maria_Cantwell" title="Maria Cantwell">Cantwell</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_West_Virginia" title="List of United States senators from West Virginia">WV</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#DDDDBB;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Joe_Manchin" title="Joe Manchin">Manchin</a> (I)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Shelley_Moore_Capito" title="Shelley Moore Capito">Capito</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Wisconsin" title="List of United States senators from Wisconsin">WI</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Ron_Johnson" title="Ron Johnson">Johnson</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Tammy_Baldwin" title="Tammy Baldwin">Baldwin</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Wyoming" title="List of United States senators from Wyoming">WY</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/John_Barrasso" title="John Barrasso">Barrasso</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Cynthia_Lummis" title="Cynthia Lummis">Lummis</a> (R)</div></li></ul> </div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/100px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/150px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/200px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1030" data-file-height="1030" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a>: 49</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a>: 47</li> <li><span style="color:#DDDDBB;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" title="Independent politician">Independent</a>: 4</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Statewide_political_officials_of_North_Dakota" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:North_Dakota_statewide_political_officials" title="Template:North Dakota statewide political officials"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:North_Dakota_statewide_political_officials" title="Template talk:North Dakota statewide political officials"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:North_Dakota_statewide_political_officials" title="Special:EditPage/Template:North Dakota statewide political officials"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Statewide_political_officials_of_North_Dakota" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Statewide political officials of <a href="/wiki/North_Dakota" title="North Dakota">North Dakota</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">U.S. senators</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Hoeven" title="John Hoeven">John Hoeven</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Kevin Cramer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">U.S. representative</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kelly_Armstrong" title="Kelly Armstrong">Kelly Armstrong</a>, At-large representative</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/North_Dakota" title="North Dakota">State government</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Doug_Burgum" title="Doug Burgum">Doug Burgum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_North_Dakota" title="Governor of North Dakota">Governor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tammy_Miller_(politician)" title="Tammy Miller (politician)">Tammy Miller</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_Governor_of_North_Dakota" title="Lieutenant Governor of North Dakota">Lieutenant Governor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Howe_(politician)" title="Michael Howe (politician)">Michael Howe</a>, <a href="/wiki/North_Dakota_Secretary_of_State" title="North Dakota Secretary of State">Secretary of State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drew_Wrigley" title="Drew Wrigley">Drew Wrigley</a>, <a href="/wiki/North_Dakota_Attorney_General" title="North Dakota Attorney General">Attorney General</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Beadle" title="Thomas Beadle">Thomas Beadle</a>, <a href="/wiki/North_Dakota_State_Treasurer" title="North Dakota State Treasurer">Treasurer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josh_Gallion" title="Josh Gallion">Josh Gallion</a>, <a href="/wiki/North_Dakota_State_Auditor" title="North Dakota State Auditor">Auditor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doug_Goehring" title="Doug Goehring">Doug Goehring</a>, <a href="/wiki/North_Dakota_Agriculture_Commissioner" title="North Dakota Agriculture Commissioner">Agriculture Commissioner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jon_Godfread" title="Jon Godfread">Jon Godfread</a>, <a href="/wiki/North_Dakota_Insurance_Commissioner" title="North Dakota Insurance Commissioner">Insurance Commissioner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirsten_Baesler" title="Kirsten Baesler">Kirsten Baesler</a>, <a href="/wiki/North_Dakota_Superintendent_of_Public_Instruction" title="North Dakota Superintendent of Public Instruction">Superintendent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brian_Kroshus" title="Brian Kroshus">Brian Kroshus</a>, <a href="/wiki/North_Dakota_Office_of_State_Tax_Commissioner" title="North Dakota Office of State Tax Commissioner">Tax Commissioner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Randel_Christmann" title="Randel Christmann">Randel Christmann</a>, <a href="/wiki/Julie_Fedorchak" title="Julie Fedorchak">Julie Fedorchak</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sheri_Haugen-Hoffart&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sheri Haugen-Hoffart (page does not exist)">Sheri Haugen-Hoffart</a>, <a href="/wiki/North_Dakota_Public_Service_Commission" title="North Dakota Public Service Commission">Public Service Commissioners</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/North_Dakota_Senate" title="North Dakota Senate">Senate</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tammy_Miller_(politician)" title="Tammy Miller (politician)">Tammy Miller</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_Governor_of_North_Dakota" title="Lieutenant Governor of North Dakota">President</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Schaible" title="Donald Schaible">Donald Schaible</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_pro_tempore_of_the_North_Dakota_Senate" title="List of presidents pro tempore of the North Dakota Senate">President pro tempore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Hogue" title="David Hogue">David Hogue</a>, Majority Leader</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathy_Hogan" title="Kathy Hogan">Kathy Hogan</a>, Minority Leader</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/North_Dakota_House_of_Representatives" title="North Dakota House of Representatives">House</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dennis_Johnson_(North_Dakota_politician)" title="Dennis Johnson (North Dakota politician)">Dennis Johnson</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_speakers_of_the_North_Dakota_House_of_Representatives" title="List of speakers of the North Dakota House of Representatives">Speaker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Lefor" title="Mike Lefor">Mike Lefor</a>, Majority Leader</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zac_Ista" title="Zac Ista">Zac Ista</a>, Minority Leader</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/North_Dakota_Supreme_Court" title="North Dakota Supreme Court">Supreme Court</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jon_J._Jensen" title="Jon J. Jensen">Jon J. Jensen</a>, Chief Justice</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_J._Crothers" title="Daniel J. Crothers">Daniel J. Crothers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lisa_K._Fair_McEvers" title="Lisa K. Fair McEvers">Lisa K. Fair McEvers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerod_E._Tufte" title="Jerod E. Tufte">Jerod E. Tufte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_Bahr" title="Douglas Bahr">Douglas Bahr</a>, Justices</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="North_Dakota&#039;s_current_delegation_to_the_United_States_Congress" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:ND-FedRep" title="Template:ND-FedRep"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:ND-FedRep" title="Template talk:ND-FedRep"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:ND-FedRep" title="Special:EditPage/Template:ND-FedRep"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="North_Dakota&#039;s_current_delegation_to_the_United_States_Congress" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/United_States_congressional_delegations_from_North_Dakota" title="United States congressional delegations from North Dakota">North Dakota's current delegation</a> to the <a href="/wiki/117th_United_States_Congress" title="117th United States Congress">United States Congress</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_North_Dakota" title="List of United States senators from North Dakota">Senators</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_Hoeven" title="John Hoeven">John Hoeven</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Kevin Cramer</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_North_Dakota" title="List of United States representatives from North Dakota">Representative</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Kelly_Armstrong" title="Kelly Armstrong">Kelly Armstrong</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Members_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives_from_North_Dakota" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:United_States_representatives_from_North_Dakota" title="Template:United States representatives from North Dakota"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:United_States_representatives_from_North_Dakota" title="Template talk:United States representatives from North Dakota"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:United_States_representatives_from_North_Dakota" title="Special:EditPage/Template:United States representatives from North Dakota"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Members_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives_from_North_Dakota" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_North_Dakota" title="List of United States representatives from North Dakota">Members of the United States House of Representatives from North Dakota</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">One seat at-large (1889–1903)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Henry_C._Hansbrough" title="Henry C. Hansbrough">Hansbrough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_N._Johnson" title="Martin N. Johnson">Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burleigh_F._Spalding" title="Burleigh F. Spalding">Spalding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Frank_Marshall" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas Frank Marshall">Marshall</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg/100px-Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg/150px-Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg/200px-Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1030" data-file-height="1030" /></span></span><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Flag_of_North_Dakota.svg/100px-Flag_of_North_Dakota.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="79" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Flag_of_North_Dakota.svg/150px-Flag_of_North_Dakota.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Flag_of_North_Dakota.svg/200px-Flag_of_North_Dakota.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1169" data-file-height="921" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Two seats at-large (1903–1913)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Seat A</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Frank_Marshall" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas Frank Marshall">Marshall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L._B._Hanna" title="L. B. Hanna">Hanna</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Seat B</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Burleigh_F._Spalding" title="Burleigh F. Spalding">Spalding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asle_Gronna" title="Asle Gronna">Gronna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Thomas_Helgesen" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry Thomas Helgesen">Helgesen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Three districts (1913–1933)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1st district</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Thomas_Helgesen" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry Thomas Helgesen">Helgesen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Miller_Baer" class="mw-redirect" title="John Miller Baer">Baer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olger_B._Burtness" title="Olger B. Burtness">Burtness</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2nd district</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_M._Young" title="George M. Young">Young</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hall_(North_Dakota_politician)" title="Thomas Hall (North Dakota politician)">Hall</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">3rd district</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Daniel_Norton" class="mw-redirect" title="Patrick Daniel Norton">Norton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_H._Sinclair" title="James H. Sinclair">Sinclair</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Two seats at-large (1933–1963)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Seat A</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/James_H._Sinclair" title="James H. Sinclair">Sinclair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Usher_L._Burdick" title="Usher L. Burdick">U. Burdick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_R._Robertson" title="Charles R. Robertson">Robertson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Usher_L._Burdick" title="Usher L. Burdick">U. Burdick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quentin_Burdick" title="Quentin Burdick">Q. Burdick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hjalmar_Carl_Nygaard" class="mw-redirect" title="Hjalmar Carl Nygaard">Nygaard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Seat B</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Lemke" title="William Lemke">Lemke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_R._Robertson" title="Charles R. Robertson">Robertson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Lemke" title="William Lemke">Lemke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_G._Aandahl" title="Fred G. Aandahl">Aandahl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otto_Krueger_(politician)" title="Otto Krueger (politician)">Krueger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Don_L._Short" title="Don L. Short">Short</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Two districts (1963–1973)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1st district</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hjalmar_Carl_Nygaard" class="mw-redirect" title="Hjalmar Carl Nygaard">Nygaard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Andrews_(politician)" title="Mark Andrews (politician)">Andrews</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2nd district</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Don_L._Short" title="Don L. Short">Short</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolland_W._Redlin" title="Rolland W. Redlin">Redlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_S._Kleppe" title="Thomas S. Kleppe">Kleppe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_A._Link" title="Arthur A. Link">Link</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">One seat at-large (1973–present)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Andrews_(politician)" title="Mark Andrews (politician)">Andrews</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byron_Dorgan" title="Byron Dorgan">Dorgan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earl_Pomeroy" title="Earl Pomeroy">Pomeroy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rick_Berg" title="Rick Berg">Berg</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cramer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kelly_Armstrong" title="Kelly Armstrong">Armstrong</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="North_Dakota&#039;s_delegation(s)_to_the_113th–present_United_States_Congresses_(ordered_by_seniority)" style="display:table;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:USCongRep-start" title="Template:USCongRep-start"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:USCongRep-start" title="Template talk:USCongRep-start"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:USCongRep-start" title="Special:EditPage/Template:USCongRep-start"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="North_Dakota&#039;s_delegation(s)_to_the_113th–present_United_States_Congresses_(ordered_by_seniority)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/United_States_congressional_delegations_from_North_Dakota" title="United States congressional delegations from North Dakota">North Dakota</a>'s delegation(s) to the 113th–present <a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">United States Congresses</a> <span class="nowrap">(ordered by seniority)</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;border-width:0;"><div style="padding:0"> <table style="width:100%"> <tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/113th_United_States_Congress" title="113th United States Congress">113th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_North_Dakota" title="List of United States senators from North Dakota">Senate</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_Hoeven" title="John Hoeven">J. Hoeven</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#0055AA;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Heidi_Heitkamp" title="Heidi Heitkamp">H. Heitkamp</a> (D‑NPL)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_North_Dakota" title="List of United States representatives from North Dakota">House</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">K. Cramer</a> (R)</div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/114th_United_States_Congress" title="114th United States Congress">114th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_North_Dakota" title="List of United States senators from North Dakota">Senate</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_Hoeven" title="John Hoeven">J. Hoeven</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#0055AA;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Heidi_Heitkamp" title="Heidi Heitkamp">H. Heitkamp</a> (D‑NPL)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_North_Dakota" title="List of United States representatives from North Dakota">House</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">K. Cramer</a> (R)</div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/115th_United_States_Congress" title="115th United States Congress">115th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_North_Dakota" title="List of United States senators from North Dakota">Senate</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_Hoeven" title="John Hoeven">J. Hoeven</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#0055AA;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Heidi_Heitkamp" title="Heidi Heitkamp">H. Heitkamp</a> (D‑NPL)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_North_Dakota" title="List of United States representatives from North Dakota">House</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">K. Cramer</a> (R)</div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/116th_United_States_Congress" title="116th United States Congress">116th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_North_Dakota" title="List of United States senators from North Dakota">Senate</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_Hoeven" title="John Hoeven">J. Hoeven</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">K. Cramer</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_North_Dakota" title="List of United States representatives from North Dakota">House</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Kelly_Armstrong" title="Kelly Armstrong">K. Armstrong</a> (R)</div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/117th_United_States_Congress" title="117th United States Congress">117th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_North_Dakota" title="List of United States senators from North Dakota">Senate</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_Hoeven" title="John Hoeven">J. Hoeven</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">K. Cramer</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_North_Dakota" title="List of United States representatives from North Dakota">House</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Kelly_Armstrong" title="Kelly Armstrong">K. Armstrong</a> (R)</div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/118th_United_States_Congress" title="118th United States Congress">118th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_North_Dakota" title="List of United States senators from North Dakota">Senate</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_Hoeven" title="John Hoeven">J. Hoeven</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">K. Cramer</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_North_Dakota" title="List of United States representatives from North Dakota">House</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Kelly_Armstrong" title="Kelly Armstrong">K. Armstrong</a> (R)</div> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3957020#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3957020#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3957020#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=C001096">US Congress</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w60h4b87">SNAC</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kevin_Cramer&oldid=1260298705">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kevin_Cramer&oldid=1260298705</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1961_births" title="Category:1961 births">1961 births</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:20th-century_American_politicians" title="Category:20th-century American politicians">20th-century American politicians</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:21st-century_American_politicians" title="Category:21st-century American politicians">21st-century American politicians</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Concordia_College_(Moorhead,_Minnesota)_alumni" title="Category:Concordia College (Moorhead, Minnesota) alumni">Concordia College (Moorhead, Minnesota) alumni</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Living_people" title="Category:Living people">Living people</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:North_Dakota_Public_Service_Commissioners" title="Category:North Dakota Public Service Commissioners">North Dakota Public Service Commissioners</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:North_Dakota_Republicans" title="Category:North Dakota Republicans">North Dakota Republicans</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:People_from_Cass_County,_North_Dakota" title="Category:People from Cass County, North Dakota">People from Cass County, North Dakota</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:People_from_Rolette_County,_North_Dakota" title="Category:People from Rolette County, North Dakota">People from Rolette County, North Dakota</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Politicians_from_Bismarck,_North_Dakota" title="Category:Politicians from Bismarck, North Dakota">Politicians from Bismarck, North Dakota</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Republican_Party_United_States_senators_from_North_Dakota" title="Category:Republican Party United States senators from North Dakota">Republican Party United States senators from North Dakota</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Republican_Party_members_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives_from_North_Dakota" title="Category:Republican Party members of the United States House of Representatives from North Dakota">Republican Party members of the United States House of Representatives from North Dakota</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:University_of_Mary_alumni" title="Category:University of Mary alumni">University of Mary alumni</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:American_gun_rights_activists" title="Category:American gun rights activists">American gun rights activists</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_archived_copy_as_title" title="Category:CS1 maint: archived copy as title">CS1 maint: archived copy as title</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_dead_external_links" title="Category:All articles with dead external links">All articles with dead external links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_dead_external_links_from_September_2017" title="Category:Articles with dead external links from September 2017">Articles with dead external links from September 2017</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_permanently_dead_external_links" title="Category:Articles with permanently dead external links">Articles with permanently dead external links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Category:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_numeric_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list">CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_hAudio_microformats" title="Category:Articles with hAudio microformats">Articles with hAudio microformats</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements" title="Category:All articles with unsourced statements">All articles with unsourced statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_September_2024" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from September 2024">Articles with unsourced statements from September 2024</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_lacking_reliable_references" title="Category:All articles lacking reliable references">All articles lacking reliable references</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_lacking_reliable_references_from_December_2019" title="Category:Articles lacking reliable references from December 2019">Articles lacking reliable references from December 2019</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:People_appearing_on_C-SPAN" title="Category:People appearing on C-SPAN">People appearing on C-SPAN</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 30 November 2024, at 00:27<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kevin_Cramer&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-5c59558b9d-s77sz","wgBackendResponseTime":228,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"1.979","walltime":"2.355","ppvisitednodes":{"value":26995,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":449562,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":37846,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":20,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":16,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":521356,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 2077.024 1 -total"," 33.30% 691.623 1 Template:Reflist"," 21.17% 439.666 89 Template:Cite_web"," 17.38% 360.990 1 Template:Infobox_officeholder"," 9.39% 194.937 1 Template:Current_U.S._Senators"," 7.39% 153.415 126 Template:Party_stripe"," 7.21% 149.654 32 Template:Cite_news"," 6.78% 140.774 17 Template:Infobox_officeholder/office"," 6.54% 135.930 50 Template:Current_U.S._senators/row"," 5.20% 107.972 7 Template:Navbox"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"1.146","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":15609821,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-logs":"table#1 {\n}\n\"\"\n","limitreport-profile":[["?","280","20.9"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::callParserFunction","240","17.9"],["dataWrapper \u003Cmw.lua:672\u003E","120","9.0"],["recursiveClone \u003CmwInit.lua:45\u003E","100","7.5"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::gsub","100","7.5"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::sub","60","4.5"],["\u003Cmw.lua:694\u003E","60","4.5"],["makeMessage \u003Cmw.message.lua:76\u003E","40","3.0"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::unstripNoWiki","40","3.0"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::getExpandedArgument","40","3.0"],["[others]","260","19.4"]]},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-api-ext.codfw.main-74f675c4bb-jh7n6","timestamp":"20241130002709","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Kevin Cramer","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kevin_Cramer","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q3957020","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q3957020","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2007-06-02T03:19:25Z","dateModified":"2024-11-30T00:27:06Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/d\/dc\/Kevin_Cramer%2C_official_portrait%2C_116th_congress_2.jpg","headline":"American politician (born 1961)"}</script> </body> </html>