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class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>U.S. Senate</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-U.S._Senate-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle U.S. Senate subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-U.S._Senate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Elections" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Elections"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Elections</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Elections-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-2006" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2006"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.1</span> <span>2006</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2006-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2012" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2012"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.2</span> <span>2012</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2012-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2018" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2018"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.3</span> <span>2018</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2018-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2024" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2024"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.4</span> <span>2024</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2024-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tenure" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tenure"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Tenure</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tenure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Senate_committee_assignments" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Senate_committee_assignments"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Senate committee assignments</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Senate_committee_assignments-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Caucus_membership" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Caucus_membership"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Caucus membership</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Caucus_membership-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Legislation_sponsored" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legislation_sponsored"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4.1</span> <span>Legislation sponsored</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legislation_sponsored-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-International_experience" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International_experience"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>International experience</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-International_experience-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Honors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Honors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Honors</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Honors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Political_positions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Political_positions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Political positions</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Political_positions-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Political positions subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Political_positions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Agriculture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Agriculture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Agriculture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Agriculture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Death_penalty" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Death_penalty"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Death penalty</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Death_penalty-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3</span> <span>Economy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.4</span> <span>Education</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Environment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Environment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.5</span> <span>Environment</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Environment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Elections_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Elections_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.6</span> <span>Elections</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Elections_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Equal_Rights_Amendment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Equal_Rights_Amendment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.7</span> <span>Equal Rights Amendment</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Equal_Rights_Amendment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gun_control" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gun_control"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.8</span> <span>Gun control</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gun_control-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Journalism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Journalism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.9</span> <span>Journalism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Journalism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Healthcare" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Healthcare"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.10</span> <span>Healthcare</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Healthcare-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Housing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Housing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.11</span> <span>Housing</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Housing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-International_policy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International_policy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.12</span> <span>International policy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-International_policy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-LGBTQ+_rights" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#LGBTQ+_rights"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.13</span> <span>LGBTQ+ rights</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-LGBTQ+_rights-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Online_privacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Online_privacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.14</span> <span>Online privacy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Online_privacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Taxes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Taxes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.15</span> <span>Taxes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Taxes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Whistleblowers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Whistleblowers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.16</span> <span>Whistleblowers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Whistleblowers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Israel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Israel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.17</span> <span>Israel</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Israel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Personal_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Personal_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Personal life</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Personal_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Volunteer_service" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Volunteer_service"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Volunteer service</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Volunteer_service-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Electoral_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Electoral_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Electoral history</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Electoral_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes_and_references" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes_and_references"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Notes and references</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Notes_and_references-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Notes and references subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Notes_and_references-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.1</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.2</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" 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aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 27 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-27" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">27 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%86_%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86" title="بن كاردين – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بن كاردين" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%86_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%86" title="بن کاردین – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="بن کاردین" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ben_Cardin" title="Ben Cardin – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Ben Cardin" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ben_Cardin" title="Ben Cardin – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Ben Cardin" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CF%80%CE%B5%CE%BD_%CE%9A%CE%AC%CF%81%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BD" title="Μπεν Κάρντιν – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μπεν Κάρντιν" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ben_Cardin" title="Ben Cardin – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ben Cardin" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%86_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%86" title="بن کاردین – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="بن کاردین" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ben_Cardin" title="Ben Cardin – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Ben Cardin" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ben_Cardin" title="Ben Cardin – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Ben Cardin" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ben_Cardin" title="Ben Cardin – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Ben Cardin" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ben_Cardin" title="Ben Cardin – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Ben Cardin" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%9F_%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%93%D7%99%D7%9F" title="בן קרדין – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="בן קרדין" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ben_Cardin" title="Ben Cardin – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Ben Cardin" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ben_Cardin" title="Ben Cardin – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Ben Cardin" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%86_%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86" title="بين كاردين – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="بين كاردين" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ben_Cardin" title="Ben Cardin – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Ben Cardin" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ben_Cardin" title="Ben Cardin – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Ben Cardin" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ben_Cardin" title="Ben Cardin – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Ben Cardin" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ben_Cardin" title="Ben Cardin – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ben Cardin" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD,_%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Кардин, Бен – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Кардин, Бен" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ben_Cardin" title="Ben Cardin – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Ben Cardin" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ben_Cardin" title="Ben Cardin – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Ben Cardin" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ben_Cardin" title="Ben Cardin – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ben Cardin" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ben_Cardin" title="Ben Cardin – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Ben Cardin" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ben_Cardin" title="Ben Cardin – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Ben Cardin" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" 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dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American lawyer and politician (born 1943)</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Ben Cardin</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Ben_Cardin_(35717597842)_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Ben_Cardin_%2835717597842%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-Ben_Cardin_%2835717597842%29_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Ben_Cardin_%2835717597842%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-Ben_Cardin_%2835717597842%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Ben_Cardin_%2835717597842%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-Ben_Cardin_%2835717597842%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1791" data-file-height="2389" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-top:0.2em;">Cardin in 2017</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">United States Senator</a><br />from <a href="/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland">Maryland</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><div class="skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="width:100%; margin:0; color: black; background-color: lavender"><b><a href="/wiki/Incumbent" title="Incumbent">Incumbent</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>Assumed office</b></span> <br />January 3, 2007<div style="line-height:normal; padding-top:0.2em; padding-bottom:0.1em">Serving with <a href="/wiki/Chris_Van_Hollen" title="Chris Van Hollen">Chris Van Hollen</a></div></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Sarbanes" title="Paul Sarbanes">Paul Sarbanes</a> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"> <table class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="; ; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="line-height:normal; padding:0.2em; border: 1px dashed lightgrey;;"><div style="text-align: center; padding: 0 0.4em; margin: 0 3.3em">Senate positions</div></th> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:#eee;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Chair of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Foreign_Relations" title="United States Senate Committee on Foreign Relations">Senate Foreign Relations Committee</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><div class="skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="width:100%; margin:0; color: black; background-color: #eee"><b><a href="/wiki/Incumbent" title="Incumbent">Incumbent</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>Assumed office</b></span> <br />September 27, 2023</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bob_Menendez" title="Bob Menendez">Bob Menendez</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:#eee;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Chair of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Small_Business_and_Entrepreneurship" title="United States Senate Committee on Small Business and Entrepreneurship">Senate Small Business Committee</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />February 3, 2021 – September 27, 2023</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Marco_Rubio" title="Marco Rubio">Marco Rubio</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Jeanne_Shaheen" title="Jeanne Shaheen">Jeanne Shaheen</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:#eee;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Ranking Member of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Small_Business_and_Entrepreneurship" title="United States Senate Committee on Small Business and Entrepreneurship">Senate Small Business Committee</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />February 6, 2018 – February 3, 2021</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Jeanne_Shaheen" title="Jeanne Shaheen">Jeanne Shaheen</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Rand_Paul" title="Rand Paul">Rand Paul</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />January 3, 2015 – April 2, 2015</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Jim_Risch" title="Jim Risch">Jim Risch</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Jeanne Shaheen</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:#eee;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Ranking Member of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Foreign_Relations" title="United States Senate Committee on Foreign Relations">Senate Foreign Relations Committee</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />April 2, 2015 – February 6, 2018</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Bob Menendez</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bob_Menendez" title="Bob Menendez">Bob Menendez</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr> </tbody></table></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Member of the <span style="display: inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">U.S. House of Representatives</a></span><br />from <a href="/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland">Maryland</a>'s <span data-sort-value="Maryland03 !"><a href="/wiki/Maryland%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Maryland's 3rd congressional district">3rd</a></span> district</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />January 3, 1987 – January 3, 2007</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Mikulski" title="Barbara Mikulski">Barbara Mikulski</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/John_Sarbanes" title="John Sarbanes">John Sarbanes</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">103rd <a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_Maryland_House_of_Delegates" class="mw-redirect" title="Speaker of the Maryland House of Delegates">Speaker of the Maryland House of Delegates</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />January 6, 1979 – January 3, 1987</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">John Hanson Briscoe</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/R._Clayton_Mitchell_Jr." title="R. Clayton Mitchell Jr.">Clayton Mitchell</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Member of the <span style="display: inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/Maryland_House_of_Delegates" title="Maryland House of Delegates">Maryland House of Delegates</a></span><br />from the 42nd district</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />January 6, 1967 – January 3, 1987</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Cardin" title="Maurice Cardin">Maurice Cardin</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">David Shapiro</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Benjamin Louis Cardin</div><br /><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday">1943-10-05</span>) </span>October 5, 1943<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age 81)</span><br /><a href="/wiki/Baltimore" title="Baltimore">Baltimore</a>, Maryland, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;">Myrna Edelman</div> <div style="display:inline-block;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1964)<wbr /></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">2</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Relatives</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Meyer_Cardin" title="Meyer Cardin">Meyer Cardin</a> (father)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/University_of_Pittsburgh" title="University of Pittsburgh">University of Pittsburgh</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Arts" title="Bachelor of Arts">BA</a>)<br /><a href="/wiki/University_of_Maryland,_Baltimore" title="University of Maryland, Baltimore">University of Maryland, Baltimore</a> (<a href="/wiki/Juris_Doctor" title="Juris Doctor">JD</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Signature</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ben_Cardin_signature.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ben Cardin's signature"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Ben_Cardin_signature.svg/128px-Ben_Cardin_signature.svg.png" decoding="async" width="128" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Ben_Cardin_signature.svg/192px-Ben_Cardin_signature.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Ben_Cardin_signature.svg/256px-Ben_Cardin_signature.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1033" data-file-height="211" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cardin.senate.gov">Senate website</a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1096940132">.mw-parser-output .listen .side-box-text{line-height:1.1em}.mw-parser-output .listen-plain{border:none;background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .listen-embedded{width:100%;margin:0;border-width:1px 0 0 0;background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .listen-header{padding:2px}.mw-parser-output .listen-embedded .listen-header{padding:2px 0}.mw-parser-output .listen-file-header{padding:4px 0}.mw-parser-output .listen .description{padding-top:2px}.mw-parser-output .listen .mw-tmh-player{max-width:100%}@media(max-width:719px){.mw-parser-output .listen{clear:both}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .listen:not(.listen-noimage){width:320px}.mw-parser-output .listen-left{overflow:visible;float:left}.mw-parser-output .listen-center{float:none;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-left listen noprint listen-embedded listen-noimage listen-center"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><div class="haudio"> <div class="listen-file-header"><a href="/wiki/File:Ben_Cardin_questions_witnesses_on_the_IRS_and_tax_loopholes.ogg" title="File:Ben Cardin questions witnesses on the IRS and tax loopholes.ogg">Cardin's voice</a></div> <div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="215" style="width:215px;" data-durationhint="202" data-mwtitle="Ben_Cardin_questions_witnesses_on_the_IRS_and_tax_loopholes.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ee/Ben_Cardin_questions_witnesses_on_the_IRS_and_tax_loopholes.ogg/Ben_Cardin_questions_witnesses_on_the_IRS_and_tax_loopholes.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ee/Ben_Cardin_questions_witnesses_on_the_IRS_and_tax_loopholes.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span></span></div> <div class="description">Cardin questions <a href="/wiki/Internal_Revenue_Service" title="Internal Revenue Service">IRS</a> commissioner nominee <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Werfel" title="Daniel Werfel">Daniel Werfel</a> on tax loopholes and small businesses<br />Recorded February 15, 2023</div></div></div></div> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Benjamin Louis Cardin</b> (born October 5, 1943) is an American lawyer and politician serving as the <a href="/wiki/Seniority_in_the_United_States_Senate" title="Seniority in the United States Senate">senior</a> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">United States senator</a> from <a href="/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland">Maryland</a>, a seat he has held since 2007. A member of the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic Party</a>, he was the <a href="/wiki/U.S._representative" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. representative">U.S. representative</a> for <span data-sort-value="Maryland03 !"><a href="/wiki/Maryland%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Maryland's 3rd congressional district">Maryland's 3rd congressional district</a></span> from 1987 to 2007. Cardin served in the <a href="/wiki/Maryland_House_of_Delegates" title="Maryland House of Delegates">Maryland House of Delegates</a> from 1967 to 1987 and as <a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_Maryland_House_of_Delegates" class="mw-redirect" title="Speaker of the Maryland House of Delegates">its speaker</a> from 1979 to 1987. Cardin has never lost an election in his entire political career.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Cardin was elected as U.S. senator to succeed <a href="/wiki/Paul_Sarbanes" title="Paul Sarbanes">Paul Sarbanes</a> in <a href="/wiki/2006_United_States_Senate_election_in_Maryland" title="2006 United States Senate election in Maryland">2006</a>, defeating <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> <a href="/wiki/Michael_Steele" title="Michael Steele">Michael Steele</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_Governor_of_Maryland" title="Lieutenant Governor of Maryland">lieutenant governor of Maryland</a>, by a margin of 54% to 44%. He was reelected in <a href="/wiki/2012_United_States_Senate_election_in_Maryland" title="2012 United States Senate election in Maryland">2012</a> taking 56% of the vote.<sup id="cite_ref-MD2012_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MD2012-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He became Maryland's senior U.S. senator on January 3, 2017, upon <a href="/wiki/Barbara_Mikulski" title="Barbara Mikulski">Barbara Mikulski</a>'s retirement. Cardin won reelection to a third term in <a href="/wiki/2018_United_States_Senate_election_in_Maryland" title="2018 United States Senate election in Maryland">2018</a>, taking 65% of the vote. Cardin will retire rather than run for reelection in 2024. </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886046785">.mw-parser-output .toclimit-2 .toclevel-1 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-3 .toclevel-2 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-4 .toclevel-3 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-5 .toclevel-4 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-6 .toclevel-5 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-7 .toclevel-6 ul{display:none}</style><div class="toclimit-3"><meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_career">Early life and career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ben_Cardin&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life and career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Benjamin Louis Cardin was born in <a href="/wiki/Baltimore" title="Baltimore">Baltimore</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland">Maryland</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-CongressionalDir114_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CongressionalDir114-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The family name was originally "Kardonsky", before it was changed to "<a href="/wiki/Cardin" title="Cardin">Cardin</a>". Cardin's grandparents were <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Russia#United_States" title="History of the Jews in Russia">Russian Jewish immigrants</a>. His maternal grandfather, Benjamin Green, operated a neighborhood <a href="/wiki/Grocery_store" title="Grocery store">grocery store</a> that later turned into a <a href="/wiki/Wholesale_marketing" class="mw-redirect" title="Wholesale marketing">wholesale</a> <a href="/wiki/Food_distribution" title="Food distribution">food distribution</a> company.<sup id="cite_ref-cardin_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cardin-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His mother Dora was a schoolteacher and his father, <a href="/wiki/Meyer_Cardin" title="Meyer Cardin">Meyer Cardin</a>, served in the <a href="/wiki/Maryland_House_of_Delegates" title="Maryland House of Delegates">Maryland House of Delegates</a> (1935–1937) and later sat on the Baltimore City Supreme Bench (1961–1977).<sup id="cite_ref-cardin_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cardin-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-meyer_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-meyer-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Cardin and his family attended the <a href="/wiki/Modern_Orthodox" class="mw-redirect" title="Modern Orthodox">Modern Orthodox</a> <a href="/wiki/Beth_Tfiloh_Congregation" title="Beth Tfiloh Congregation">Beth Tfiloh Congregation</a> near their home, with which the family had been affiliated for three generations. Cardin attended <a href="/wiki/Baltimore_City_College" title="Baltimore City College">Baltimore City College</a>, graduating in 1961. In 1964, he earned a <a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Arts" title="Bachelor of Arts">Bachelor of Arts degree</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Cum_laude" class="mw-redirect" title="Cum laude">cum laude</a></i> from the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Pittsburgh" title="University of Pittsburgh">University of Pittsburgh</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-CongressionalDir114_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CongressionalDir114-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> where he was a member of the <a href="/wiki/Pi_Lambda_Phi" title="Pi Lambda Phi">Pi Lambda Phi</a> <a href="/wiki/Fraternities_and_sororities" title="Fraternities and sororities">fraternity</a>. He earned a <a href="/wiki/Juris_Doctor" title="Juris Doctor">Juris Doctor</a> from the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Maryland_School_of_Law" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Maryland School of Law">University of Maryland School of Law</a> in 1967, graduating first in his class.<sup id="cite_ref-CongressionalDir114_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CongressionalDir114-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cardin was admitted to the <a href="/wiki/Maryland_State_Bar_Association" title="Maryland State Bar Association">Maryland Bar</a> that same year, and joined the private practice of Rosen and Esterson until 1978.<sup id="cite_ref-CongressionalDir114_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CongressionalDir114-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_political_career">Early political career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ben_Cardin&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Early political career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Maryland_House_of_Delegates">Maryland House of Delegates</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ben_Cardin&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Maryland House of Delegates"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>While still in law school, Cardin was elected to the <a href="/wiki/Maryland_House_of_Delegates" title="Maryland House of Delegates">Maryland House of Delegates</a> in November 1966.<sup id="cite_ref-CongressionalDir114_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CongressionalDir114-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-cardin_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cardin-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He held the seat once held by his uncle, Maurice Cardin, who had decided to not run for re-election so that his nephew could instead pursue the seat. He was <a href="/wiki/Chairman" class="mw-redirect" title="Chairman">chairman</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Ways_and_means_committee" title="Ways and means committee">Ways & Means Committee</a> from 1974 to 1979, then served as the 103rd <a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_Maryland_House_of_Delegates" class="mw-redirect" title="Speaker of the Maryland House of Delegates">Speaker of the House</a> until he left office.<sup id="cite_ref-cardin.senate.gov_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cardin.senate.gov-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At age 35, he was the youngest Speaker in Maryland history at the time.<sup id="cite_ref-CongressionalDir114_3-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CongressionalDir114-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As Speaker, he was involved with reform efforts involving Maryland's property tax system, school financing formula, and ethical standards for elected officials.<sup id="cite_ref-cardin.senate.gov_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cardin.senate.gov-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="U.S._House_of_Representatives">U.S. House of Representatives</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ben_Cardin&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: U.S. House of Representatives"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1986, with Congresswoman <a href="/wiki/Barbara_Mikulski" title="Barbara Mikulski">Barbara Mikulski</a> mounting what would be a successful bid for the U.S. Senate seat vacated by retiring Senator <a href="/wiki/Charles_Mathias" title="Charles Mathias">Charles Mathias</a>, Cardin ran for Mikulski's seat representing the <a href="/wiki/Maryland%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Maryland's 3rd congressional district">3rd congressional district</a>, which covered a large slice of inner Baltimore, as well as several close-in suburbs. Cardin won the Democratic nomination with 82 percent of the vote—the real contest in this heavily Democratic district. He won the general election with 79 percent of the vote against a <a href="/wiki/Perennial_candidate" title="Perennial candidate">perennial candidate</a>, <a href="/wiki/U.S._Republican_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Republican Party">Republican</a> Ross Z. Pierpont. </p><p>Cardin served as one of the <a href="/wiki/House_impeachment_managers" class="mw-redirect" title="House impeachment managers">House impeachment managers</a> that successfully prosecuted the case in the 1989 <a href="/wiki/Federal_impeachment_trial_in_the_United_States" title="Federal impeachment trial in the United States">impeachment trial</a> of Judge <a href="/wiki/Walter_Nixon" title="Walter Nixon">Walter Nixon</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cardin_calling_for_troops_to_withdraw.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Cardin_calling_for_troops_to_withdraw.jpg/220px-Cardin_calling_for_troops_to_withdraw.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Cardin_calling_for_troops_to_withdraw.jpg/330px-Cardin_calling_for_troops_to_withdraw.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/19/Cardin_calling_for_troops_to_withdraw.jpg 2x" data-file-width="350" data-file-height="250" /></a><figcaption>On the floor of the House on June 12, 2006, Representative Cardin calling for the withdrawal of all troops from Iraq by 2007</figcaption></figure> <p>Cardin was reelected nine times, rarely facing serious opposition and even running unopposed in 1992. In the 2000 round of <a href="/wiki/Redistricting" title="Redistricting">redistricting</a>, his district was redrawn to add significant portions of <a href="/wiki/Anne_Arundel_County" class="mw-redirect" title="Anne Arundel County">Anne Arundel County</a>, including the state capital of <a href="/wiki/Annapolis" class="mw-redirect" title="Annapolis">Annapolis</a>. His last two opponents hailed from Anne Arundel and nearly carried the district's portion of that county. </p><p>In the House, Cardin was involved with fiscal issues, pension reform, and health care. His legislation to increase the amount individuals can store in their <a href="/wiki/401k" class="mw-redirect" title="401k">401k</a> plans and <a href="/wiki/Individual_Retirement_Account" class="mw-redirect" title="Individual Retirement Account">IRAs</a> was passed in 2001. His bill to expand <a href="/wiki/Medicare_(United_States)" title="Medicare (United States)">Medicare</a> to include preventive benefits such as <a href="/wiki/Colorectal" class="mw-redirect" title="Colorectal">colorectal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Prostate" title="Prostate">prostate</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mammogram" class="mw-redirect" title="Mammogram">mammogram</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Osteoporosis" title="Osteoporosis">osteoporosis</a> screening was also enacted. He also authored legislation to provide a Medicare prescription drug benefit for chronic illnesses; fund graduate medical education; and guarantee coverage for emergency services.<sup id="cite_ref-cardin.senate.gov_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cardin.senate.gov-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Cardin has also advocated, via proposed legislation, <a href="/wiki/Welfare" class="mw-redirect" title="Welfare">welfare</a> reform. His bill to increase education and support services for <a href="/wiki/Foster_care" title="Foster care">foster</a> children between ages 18 and 21 was signed into law in 1999.<sup id="cite_ref-cardin.senate.gov_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cardin.senate.gov-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He authored bills to expand child support, improve the <a href="/wiki/Welfare-to-work" class="mw-redirect" title="Welfare-to-work">welfare-to-work</a> program, and increase the child care tax credit.<sup id="cite_ref-cardin.senate.gov_7-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cardin.senate.gov-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1998, Cardin was appointed chairman of the Special Study Commission on Maryland Public Ethics Law by the <a href="/wiki/Maryland_General_Assembly" title="Maryland General Assembly">Maryland General Assembly</a>. In 1997, he co-chaired the Bipartisan Ethics Task Force in an effort to reform ethics procedures in the House of Representatives. He also held leadership positions on the Organization, Study and Review Committee and the <a href="/wiki/Steering_Committee" class="mw-redirect" title="Steering Committee">Steering Committee</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Caucus_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" class="mw-redirect" title="Democratic Caucus of the United States House of Representatives">House Democratic Caucus</a>, and served as Senior Democratic <a href="/wiki/Whip_(politics)" title="Whip (politics)">Whip</a>. </p><p>Cardin has been commended for his work with fiscal policy. He has been honored by <i><a href="/wiki/Worth_(magazine)" title="Worth (magazine)">Worth</a></i> magazine and by <i>Treasury and Risk Management</i> for his work protecting <a href="/wiki/Retirement_plan" class="mw-redirect" title="Retirement plan">retirement plans</a> and government-supported medical care for the elderly. He has also received scores of 100 percent from the <a href="/wiki/League_of_Conservation_Voters" title="League of Conservation Voters">League of Conservation Voters</a> and the <a href="/wiki/NAACP" title="NAACP">NAACP</a>, indicating stances that are in favor of environmental protection and <a href="/wiki/Civil_rights" class="mw-redirect" title="Civil rights">civil rights</a>. Cardin was also one of 133 members of Congress to vote against the 2002 <a href="/wiki/Iraq_Resolution" class="mw-redirect" title="Iraq Resolution">Iraq Resolution</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2023, Cardin voted with a bipartisan majority to repeal the Authorization for Use of Military Force (AUMF) in Iraq.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cardin_bartlett_davis.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6a/Cardin_bartlett_davis.jpg" decoding="async" width="275" height="228" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="275" data-file-height="228" /></a><figcaption>Cardin (at podium) joining fellow Representatives <a href="/wiki/Roscoe_Bartlett" title="Roscoe Bartlett">Roscoe Bartlett</a> (center; R-MD) and <a href="/wiki/Jo_Ann_Davis" title="Jo Ann Davis">Jo Ann Davis</a> (left; R-VA) in calling for a study of <a href="/wiki/Homeland_security" title="Homeland security">homeland security</a> needs of the National Capital region, including <a href="/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland">Maryland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a> and the <a href="/wiki/District_of_Columbia" class="mw-redirect" title="District of Columbia">District of Columbia</a></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="House_committee_assignments">House committee assignments</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ben_Cardin&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: House committee assignments"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As of May 2006<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ben_Cardin&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, Cardin served on the following <a href="/wiki/United_States_Congressional_committee" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Congressional committee">House committees</a>: </p> <ul><li>Member of the <a href="/wiki/U.S._House_Committee_on_Ways_and_Means" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. House Committee on Ways and Means">Ways and Means Committee</a>. <ul><li>Ranking member of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Ways_and_Means_Subcommittee_on_Trade" title="United States House Ways and Means Subcommittee on Trade">Trade Subcommittee</a>.</li> <li>Member of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Ways_and_Means_Subcommittee_on_Human_Resources" class="mw-redirect" title="United States House Ways and Means Subcommittee on Human Resources">Human Resources Subcommittee</a>.</li></ul></li> <li>Chairman of the <a href="/wiki/Commission_on_Security_and_Cooperation_in_Europe" title="Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe">Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="U.S._Senate">U.S. Senate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ben_Cardin&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: U.S. Senate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Elections">Elections</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ben_Cardin&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Elections"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="2006">2006</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ben_Cardin&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: 2006"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/2006_United_States_Senate_election_in_Maryland" title="2006 United States Senate election in Maryland">2006 United States Senate election in Maryland</a></div> <p>On April 26, 2005, Cardin announced that he would seek the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">U.S. Senate</a> seat of long-standing senator <a href="/wiki/Paul_Sarbanes" title="Paul Sarbanes">Paul Sarbanes</a> (D-MD), following the announcement by Sarbanes that he would not be running for re-election in 2006. On September 12, 2006, Cardin faced a challenging primary battle with other Maryland Democrats, including <a href="/wiki/Allan_Lichtman" title="Allan Lichtman">Allan Lichtman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Josh_Rales" class="mw-redirect" title="Josh Rales">Josh Rales</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dennis_F._Rasmussen" title="Dennis F. Rasmussen">Dennis F. Rasmussen</a>, and his former House colleague <a href="/wiki/Kweisi_Mfume" title="Kweisi Mfume">Kweisi Mfume</a>. Cardin won, however, with 44 percent of the vote, compared to 40 percent for Mfume, five percent for Rales, and two percent for Rasmussen.<sup id="cite_ref-state_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-state-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Cardin won election on November 7, 2006, defeating Republican challenger <a href="/wiki/Michael_Steele" title="Michael Steele">Michael Steele</a> 54 percent to 44 percent.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cardin became the third consecutive Representative from Maryland's 3rd congressional district to be elected senator (following Sarbanes and Mikulski). <a href="/wiki/John_Sarbanes" title="John Sarbanes">John Sarbanes</a>, Paul's son, succeeded Cardin in the 3rd district. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="2012">2012</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ben_Cardin&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: 2012"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/2012_United_States_Senate_election_in_Maryland" title="2012 United States Senate election in Maryland">2012 United States Senate election in Maryland</a></div> <p>Cardin ran for re-election to a second term in 2012. He turned back a primary challenge from State Senator <a href="/wiki/C._Anthony_Muse" title="C. Anthony Muse">C. Anthony Muse</a>, defeating him 74% to 16%, with seven other candidates taking the remaining 10%. </p><p>In the general election, he faced Republican <a href="/wiki/Dan_Bongino" title="Dan Bongino">Dan Bongino</a>, a former <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secret_Service" title="United States Secret Service">United States Secret Service</a> agent, Independent <a href="/wiki/Rob_Sobhani" title="Rob Sobhani">Rob Sobhani</a>, an economist and businessman, and Libertarian <a href="/wiki/Imad-ad-Dean_Ahmad" title="Imad-ad-Dean Ahmad">Imad-ad-Dean Ahmad</a>, President of the <a href="/wiki/Minaret_of_Freedom_Institute" title="Minaret of Freedom Institute">Minaret of Freedom Institute</a>. Cardin easily won the election, taking 56% of the vote to Bongino's 26.3%, Sobhani's 16.4% and Ahmad's 1%.<sup id="cite_ref-MD2012_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MD2012-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="2018">2018</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ben_Cardin&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: 2018"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/2018_United_States_Senate_election_in_Maryland" title="2018 United States Senate election in Maryland">2018 United States Senate election in Maryland</a></div> <p>Cardin was re-elected for a third term in 2018. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:148th_Preakness_(52915359591).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/148th_Preakness_%2852915359591%29.jpg/220px-148th_Preakness_%2852915359591%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/148th_Preakness_%2852915359591%29.jpg/330px-148th_Preakness_%2852915359591%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/148th_Preakness_%2852915359591%29.jpg/440px-148th_Preakness_%2852915359591%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6880" data-file-height="5504" /></a><figcaption>Cardin with Maryland governor <a href="/wiki/Wes_Moore" title="Wes Moore">Wes Moore</a> on May 20, 2023 at the Preakness Stakes at the Pimlico Racetrack in Baltimore</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="2024">2024</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ben_Cardin&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: 2024"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On May 1, 2023, Cardin announced that he would retire and not seek re-election in <a href="/wiki/2024_United_States_Senate_election_in_Maryland" title="2024 United States Senate election in Maryland">2024</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tenure">Tenure</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ben_Cardin&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Tenure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Cardin was participating in the certification of the <a href="/wiki/2021_United_States_Electoral_College_vote_count" title="2021 United States Electoral College vote count">2021 United States Electoral College vote count</a> when the <a href="/wiki/January_6_United_States_Capitol_attack" title="January 6 United States Capitol attack">January 6 United States Capitol attack</a> happened. Cardin was on the Senate chamber floor when the rioters breached the Capitol. He was "ushered quickly — and I do mean quickly — away from the Capitol" after Vice President <a href="/wiki/Mike_Pence" title="Mike Pence">Mike Pence</a> was removed from the chambers.<sup id="cite_ref-Barker_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Barker-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the attack, while Cardin hid with other senators in a safe location, he tweeted, blaming President <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a> for encouraging the rioters. He called for Trump to stop the protestors so the event would end "peacefully."<sup id="cite_ref-Condon_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Condon-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cardin also compared the police involvement during the attack to that seen during <a href="/wiki/Black_Lives_Matter" title="Black Lives Matter">Black Lives Matter</a> protests, calling it a "stark contrast."<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the Capitol was secure, Cardin joined Congress to certify the count. After, he said that Trump should be held accountable for the insurrection and called for Republican leaders to tell Trump that he needs to resign.<sup id="cite_ref-DoironWright_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DoironWright-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Two days later, on January 8, Cardin called for the invocation of the <a href="/wiki/Twenty-fifth_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution" title="Twenty-fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution">Twenty-fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution</a> or impeachment to remove Trump.<sup id="cite_ref-Cassie_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cassie-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2024, Cardin advocated for the federal government to fund the reconstruction of the <a href="/wiki/Francis_Scott_Key_Bridge_(Baltimore)" title="Francis Scott Key Bridge (Baltimore)">Francis Scott Key Bridge</a> in <a href="/wiki/Baltimore" title="Baltimore">Baltimore</a> after it collapsed when a ship crashed into it.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Senate_committee_assignments">Senate committee assignments</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ben_Cardin&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Senate committee assignments"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Source:<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Environment_and_Public_Works" title="United States Senate Committee on Environment and Public Works">Committee on Environment and Public Works</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Environment_and_Public_Works_Subcommittee_on_Clean_Air_and_Nuclear_Safety" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Senate Environment and Public Works Subcommittee on Clean Air and Nuclear Safety">Subcommittee on Clean Air and Nuclear Safety</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Environment_and_Public_Works_Subcommittee_on_Fisheries,_Water_and_Wildlife" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Senate Environment and Public Works Subcommittee on Fisheries, Water and Wildlife">Subcommittee on Fisheries, Water, and Wildlife</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Environment_and_Public_Works_Subcommittee_on_Transportation_and_Infrastructure" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Senate Environment and Public Works Subcommittee on Transportation and Infrastructure">Subcommittee on Transportation and Infrastructure</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Finance" title="United States Senate Committee on Finance">Committee on Finance</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Finance_Subcommittee_on_Health_Care" title="United States Senate Finance Subcommittee on Health Care">Subcommittee on Health Care</a> (chair)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Finance_Subcommittee_on_International_Trade,_Customs,_and_Global_Competitiveness" title="United States Senate Finance Subcommittee on International Trade, Customs, and Global Competitiveness">Subcommittee on International Trade, Customs, and Global Competitiveness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Finance_Subcommittee_on_Taxation_and_IRS_Oversight" title="United States Senate Finance Subcommittee on Taxation and IRS Oversight">Subcommittee on Taxation and IRS Oversight</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Foreign_Relations" title="United States Senate Committee on Foreign Relations">Committee on Foreign Relations</a> (chair) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Foreign_Relations_Subcommittee_on_Europe_and_Regional_Security_Cooperation" title="United States Senate Foreign Relations Subcommittee on Europe and Regional Security Cooperation">Subcommittee on Europe and Regional Security Cooperation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Foreign_Relations_Subcommittee_on_Near_East,_South_Asia,_Central_Asia_and_Counterterrorism" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Senate Foreign Relations Subcommittee on Near East, South Asia, Central Asia and Counterterrorism">Subcommittee on Near East, South Asia, Central Asia, and Counterterrorism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Foreign_Relations_Subcommittee_on_State_Department_and_USAID_Management,_International_Operations,_and_Bilateral_International_Development" title="United States Senate Foreign Relations Subcommittee on State Department and USAID Management, International Operations, and Bilateral International Development">Subcommittee on State Department and USAID Management, International Operations, and Bilateral International Development</a> (chair)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Foreign_Relations_Subcommittee_on_Western_Hemisphere,_Transnational_Crime,_Civilian_Security,_Democracy,_Human_Rights_and_Global_Women%27s_Issues" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Senate Foreign Relations Subcommittee on Western Hemisphere, Transnational Crime, Civilian Security, Democracy, Human Rights and Global Women's Issues">Subcommittee on Western Hemisphere, Transnational Crime, Civilian Security, Democracy, Human Rights and Global Women's Issues</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Small_Business_and_Entrepreneurship" title="United States Senate Committee on Small Business and Entrepreneurship">Committee on Small Business and Entrepreneurship</a></li></ul> <p>Cardin was selected by Majority Leader <a href="/wiki/Chuck_Schumer" title="Chuck Schumer">Chuck Schumer</a> to fill in for <a href="/wiki/Dianne_Feinstein" title="Dianne Feinstein">Dianne Feinstein</a> on the Judiciary Committee until she returned.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2015, Cardin became the <a href="/wiki/Ranking_member" title="Ranking member">ranking Democratic member</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Senate_Foreign_Relations_Committee" class="mw-redirect" title="Senate Foreign Relations Committee">Senate Foreign Relations Committee</a> after the departure of <a href="/wiki/Bob_Menendez" title="Bob Menendez">Senator Robert Menendez</a> as ranking Democrat and chairman.<sup id="cite_ref-defensenews_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-defensenews-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Two weeks after Menendez departure, Cardin was credited with facilitating achievement of a unanimous committee vote in favor of the <a href="/wiki/Markup_(legislation)" title="Markup (legislation)">markup</a> for the bill on the USA's involvement in the <a href="/wiki/Negotiations_on_Iran_nuclear_deal_framework" class="mw-redirect" title="Negotiations on Iran nuclear deal framework">negotiations</a> with <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> on nuclear technology.<sup id="cite_ref-defensenews_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-defensenews-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Senator Menendez returned to chair the Senate Foreign Relations Committee in 2021. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Caucus_membership">Caucus membership</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ben_Cardin&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Caucus membership"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Senate_Oceans_Caucus" title="Senate Oceans Caucus">Senate Oceans Caucus</a></li> <li>Senate Military Family Caucus</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_Ukraine_Caucus" title="Senate Ukraine Caucus">Senate Ukraine Caucus</a><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="The material near this tag failed verification of its source citation(s). (August 2018)">failed verification</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congressional_Coalition_on_Adoption" class="mw-redirect" title="Congressional Coalition on Adoption">Congressional Coalition on Adoption</a><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Legislation_sponsored">Legislation sponsored</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ben_Cardin&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Legislation sponsored"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The following is an incomplete list of legislation that Cardin has sponsored: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Affordable_College_Textbook_Act_(S._1864;_115th_Congress)" class="mw-redirect" title="Affordable College Textbook Act (S. 1864; 115th Congress)">Affordable College Textbook Act (S. 1864; 115th Congress)</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="International_experience">International experience</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ben_Cardin&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: International experience"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Cardin has been a Commissioner on the <a href="/wiki/Commission_on_Security_and_Cooperation_in_Europe" title="Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe">Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe</a> (the U.S. Helsinki Commission) since 1993, serving as Ranking Member from 2003 to 2006.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He subsequently served two terms as co-chair of the commission, from 2007 to 2008, and 2011 to 2012; and also two terms as chair, from 2009 to 2010, and 2013 to 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-CongressionalDir114_3-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CongressionalDir114-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From 2015 to 2016 he was again ranking member.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2006 he was elected vice president of the <a href="/wiki/Organization_for_Security_and_Cooperation_in_Europe" class="mw-redirect" title="Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe">Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe</a> (OSCE) Parliamentary Assembly, and served through 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-CongressionalDir114_3-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CongressionalDir114-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Honors">Honors</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ben_Cardin&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Honors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cardin_testifying_before_house_subcommittee.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Cardin_testifying_before_house_subcommittee.jpg/220px-Cardin_testifying_before_house_subcommittee.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Cardin_testifying_before_house_subcommittee.jpg/330px-Cardin_testifying_before_house_subcommittee.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Cardin_testifying_before_house_subcommittee.jpg/440px-Cardin_testifying_before_house_subcommittee.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>Cardin testifying before the U.S. House <a href="/wiki/U.S._House_Committee_on_Ways_and_Means" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. House Committee on Ways and Means">Ways and Means</a> subcommittee on Human Resources</figcaption></figure> <p>Cardin holds honorary degrees from several institutions, including the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Baltimore_School_of_Law" title="University of Baltimore School of Law">University of Baltimore School of Law</a> (1990); <a href="/wiki/University_of_Maryland,_Baltimore" title="University of Maryland, Baltimore">University of Maryland, Baltimore</a> (1993); <a href="/wiki/Baltimore_Hebrew_University" title="Baltimore Hebrew University">Baltimore Hebrew University</a> (1994); <a href="/wiki/Goucher_College" title="Goucher College">Goucher College</a> (1996); and <a href="/wiki/Stevenson_University" title="Stevenson University">Villa Julie College</a> (2007). </p><p>As of 2016<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ben_Cardin&action=edit">[update]</a></sup> Cardin sits on the board of visitors of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Maryland_School_of_Law" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Maryland School of Law">University of Maryland School of Law</a>, his law school alma mater.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>From 1988 to 1995, he chaired the Maryland Legal Services Corp. Through much of his political career, he has continued to work with law policy. </p><p>From 1988 to 1999, Cardin served on the <a href="/wiki/St._Mary%27s_College_of_Maryland" title="St. Mary's College of Maryland">St. Mary's College of Maryland</a> board of trustees, and in 2002, he was appointed to the St. Mary's Advisory Board for the Study of Democracy. In 1999, he was appointed to the <a href="/wiki/Goucher_College" title="Goucher College">Goucher College</a> board of trustees. </p><p>Cardin has been awarded the following foreign honor: </p> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Order_of_the_Star_of_Romania_-_Ribbon_bar.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Order_of_the_Star_of_Romania_-_Ribbon_bar.svg/80px-Order_of_the_Star_of_Romania_-_Ribbon_bar.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Order_of_the_Star_of_Romania_-_Ribbon_bar.svg/120px-Order_of_the_Star_of_Romania_-_Ribbon_bar.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Order_of_the_Star_of_Romania_-_Ribbon_bar.svg/160px-Order_of_the_Star_of_Romania_-_Ribbon_bar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="60" /></a></span> Commander of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Star_of_Romania" title="Order of the Star of Romania">Order of the Star of Romania</a>, Romania (June 8, 2017)<sup id="cite_ref-CongressAdevural20170609_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CongressAdevural20170609-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-CongressAgepres20170609_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CongressAgepres20170609-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Political_positions">Political positions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ben_Cardin&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Political positions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On a list by <i><a href="/wiki/Congressional_Quarterly" title="Congressional Quarterly">Congressional Quarterly</a></i> of the members of Congress who were most supportive of President <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a>'s legislative agenda in 2009, Cardin was tied for fifth most supportive senator with five other senators.<sup id="cite_ref-High_Marks_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-High_Marks-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2013, <i><a href="/wiki/National_Journal" title="National Journal">National Journal</a></i> rated him as tied with six other Democratic senators for fifth most liberal senator.<sup id="cite_ref-NJ_Rankings_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NJ_Rankings-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/American_Conservative_Union" title="American Conservative Union">American Conservative Union</a> gave him a 4% lifetime conservative rating in 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Agriculture">Agriculture</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ben_Cardin&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Agriculture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In June 2019, Cardin and eighteen other Democratic senators sent a letter to USDA Inspector General (IG) Phyllis K. Fong with the request that the IG investigate USDA instances of retaliation and political decision-making and asserted that not conducting an investigation would mean these "actions could be perceived as a part of this administration's broader pattern of not only discounting the value of federal employees, but suppressing, undermining, discounting, and wholesale ignoring scientific data produced by their own qualified scientists."<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Death_penalty">Death penalty</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ben_Cardin&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Death penalty"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Senator Cardin is a supporter of the death penalty but says it should only be applied to the "worst of the worst".<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Economy">Economy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ben_Cardin&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Economy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In March 2019, Cardin was one of six senators to sign a letter to the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Trade_Commission" title="Federal Trade Commission">Federal Trade Commission</a> requesting it "use its rulemaking authority, along with other tools, in order to combat the scourge of non-compete clauses rigging our economy against workers" and espousing the view that such provisions "harm employees by limiting their ability to find alternate work, which leaves them with little leverage to bargain for better wages or working conditions with their immediate employer." The senators furthered that the FTC had the responsibility of protecting both consumers and workers and needed to "act decisively" to address their concerns over "serious anti-competitive harms from the proliferation of non-competes in the economy."<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Education">Education</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ben_Cardin&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2007, Cardin supported the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Public_Service_Academy" title="United States Public Service Academy">United States Public Service Academy</a> Act. The Act would serve to create "an undergraduate institution devoted to developing civilian leaders." Like the Military Academies, this would give students 4 years of tuition-free education in exchange for 5 years of public service upon graduation.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Environment">Environment</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ben_Cardin&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Environment"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Liberal environmentalists criticized Cardin for compromising too much while working with conservative James Inhofe on an amendment to Cardin's Chesapeake Bay legislation.<sup id="cite_ref-Bridge_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bridge-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Josh Saks, senior legislative representative for water resources campaigns with the National Wildlife Federation, praised Cardin as "the lead voice for clean water and the restoration of America's great waters in Congress."<sup id="cite_ref-Bridge_38-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bridge-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In November 2018, Cardin was one of twenty-five Democratic senators to cosponsor a resolution specifying key findings of the Intergovernmental Panel On Climate Change report and National Climate Assessment. The resolution affirmed the senators' acceptance of the findings and their support for bold action toward <a href="/wiki/Climate_change_mitigation" title="Climate change mitigation">addressing climate change</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In March 2019, Cardin was one of eleven senators to sponsor the Climate Security Act of 2019, legislation forming a new group within the State Department that would have the responsibility for developing strategies to integrate climate science and data into operations of national security as well as restoring the post of special envoy for the Arctic, which had been dismantled by President Trump in 2017. The proposed envoy would advise the president and the administration on the potential effects of climate on national security and be responsible for facilitating all interagency communication between federal science and security agencies.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Elections_2">Elections</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ben_Cardin&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Elections"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:20111027_988_Chair_Wasserman-Shultz_%26_Sen_Cardin_(6287543032).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/20111027_988_Chair_Wasserman-Shultz_%26_Sen_Cardin_%286287543032%29.jpg/220px-20111027_988_Chair_Wasserman-Shultz_%26_Sen_Cardin_%286287543032%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="194" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/20111027_988_Chair_Wasserman-Shultz_%26_Sen_Cardin_%286287543032%29.jpg/330px-20111027_988_Chair_Wasserman-Shultz_%26_Sen_Cardin_%286287543032%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/20111027_988_Chair_Wasserman-Shultz_%26_Sen_Cardin_%286287543032%29.jpg/440px-20111027_988_Chair_Wasserman-Shultz_%26_Sen_Cardin_%286287543032%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1953" data-file-height="1722" /></a><figcaption>Cardin with <a href="/wiki/Debbie_Wasserman_Schultz" title="Debbie Wasserman Schultz">Debbie Wasserman Schultz</a></figcaption></figure> <p>In October 2018, Cardin cosponsored, together with <a href="/wiki/Chris_Van_Hollen" title="Chris Van Hollen">Chris Van Hollen</a> and <a href="/wiki/Susan_Collins" title="Susan Collins">Susan Collins</a>, a bipartisan bill that if passed would block "any persons from foreign adversaries from owning or having control over vendors administering U.S. elections." Protect Our Elections Act would make companies involved in administering elections reveal foreign owners, and informing local, state and federal authorities if said ownership changes. Companies failing to comply would face fines of $100,000.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Equal_Rights_Amendment">Equal Rights Amendment</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ben_Cardin&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Equal Rights Amendment"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Cardin has sponsored legislation in support of the <a href="/wiki/Equal_Rights_Amendment" title="Equal Rights Amendment">Equal Rights Amendment</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Gun_control">Gun control</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ben_Cardin&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Gun control"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Cardin has an "F" rating from the <a href="/wiki/NRA_Political_Victory_Fund" class="mw-redirect" title="NRA Political Victory Fund">NRA Political Victory Fund</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-VoteSmart1004G_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-VoteSmart1004G-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2013, he co-sponsored the Large Capacity Ammunition Feeding Device Act in an effort to ban large-capacity ammunition.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In response to the <a href="/wiki/Orlando_nightclub_shooting" class="mw-redirect" title="Orlando nightclub shooting">Orlando nightclub shooting</a>, Cardin questioned the legality of military style assault weapons stating that "in my observations in Maryland, I don't know too many people who need to have that type of weapon in order to do hunting in my state or to keep themselves safe."<sup id="cite_ref-Fritze1004G_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fritze1004G-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Cardin opposed the 2016 sale of approximately 26,000 assault rifles to the national police of the Philippines. His opposition led to the U.S. State Department halting the sale.<sup id="cite_ref-Zengerle1004G_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Zengerle1004G-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the wake of the <a href="/wiki/2017_Las_Vegas_shooting" title="2017 Las Vegas shooting">2017 Las Vegas shooting</a>, Cardin stated that <a href="/wiki/Thoughts_and_prayers" title="Thoughts and prayers">thoughts and prayers</a> were not going to save more people from dying in mass shootings.<sup id="cite_ref-CardinTweet102_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CardinTweet102-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He also made a call for action to change gun laws, stating on <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a> that "Automatic weapons aren't needed to hunt deer or ducks; they're meant to kill people."<sup id="cite_ref-Carney1004G_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Carney1004G-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In response to the shooting, Cardin sponsored <a href="/wiki/Dianne_Feinstein" title="Dianne Feinstein">Dianne Feinstein</a>'s proposal to ban <a href="/wiki/Bump_stock" title="Bump stock">bump stocks</a>, which were used by the shooter to kill 58 individuals and injure over 500.<sup id="cite_ref-Sarlin1004G_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sarlin1004G-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Journalism">Journalism</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ben_Cardin&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Journalism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In July 2019, Cardin and <a href="/wiki/Rob_Portman" title="Rob Portman">Rob Portman</a> introduced the Fallen Journalists Memorial Act, a bill that would create a new memorial that would be privately funded and constructed on federal lands within Washington, D.C. in order to honor journalists, photographers, and broadcasters that have died in the line of duty.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Healthcare">Healthcare</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ben_Cardin&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Healthcare"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the 111th Congress, Cardin helped secure dental benefits in the State Children's Health Insurance Plan.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In August 2019, Cardin was one of nineteen senators to sign a letter to <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Treasury" title="United States Secretary of the Treasury">United States Secretary of the Treasury</a> <a href="/wiki/Steve_Mnuchin" class="mw-redirect" title="Steve Mnuchin">Steve Mnuchin</a> and <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Health_and_Human_Services" title="United States Secretary of Health and Human Services">United States Secretary of Health and Human Services</a> <a href="/wiki/Alex_Azar" title="Alex Azar">Alex Azar</a> requesting data from the Trump administration in order to aid in the comprehension of states and Congress on potential consequences in the event that the Texas v. United States Affordable Care Act (ACA) lawsuit prevailed in courts, citing that an overhaul of the present health care system would form "an enormous hole in the pocketbooks of the people we serve as well as wreck state budgets".<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In October 2019, Cardin was one of twenty-seven senators to sign a letter to Senate Majority Leader <a href="/wiki/Mitch_McConnell" title="Mitch McConnell">Mitch McConnell</a> and Senate Minority Leader <a href="/wiki/Chuck_Schumer" title="Chuck Schumer">Chuck Schumer</a> advocating for the passage of the Community Health Investment, Modernization, and Excellence (CHIME) Act, which was set to expire the following month. The senators warned that if the funding for the Community Health Center Fund (CHCF) was allowed to expire, it "would cause an estimated 2,400 site closures, 47,000 lost jobs, and threaten the health care of approximately 9 million Americans."<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Housing">Housing</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ben_Cardin&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Housing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In April 2019, Cardin was one of forty-one senators to sign a bipartisan letter to the housing subcommittee praising the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Housing_and_Urban_Development" title="United States Department of Housing and Urban Development">United States Department of Housing and Urban Development's</a> Section 4 Capacity Building program as authorizing "HUD to partner with national nonprofit community development organizations to provide education, training, and financial support to local community development corporations (CDCs) across the country" and expressing disappointment that President Trump's budget "has slated this program for elimination after decades of successful economic and community development." The senators wrote of their hope that the subcommittee would support continued funding for Section 4 in Fiscal Year 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="International_policy">International policy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ben_Cardin&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: International policy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Foreign_Secretary_David_Cameron_visits_Washington_D.C._(53380559741).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Foreign_Secretary_David_Cameron_visits_Washington_D.C._%2853380559741%29.jpg/220px-Foreign_Secretary_David_Cameron_visits_Washington_D.C._%2853380559741%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Foreign_Secretary_David_Cameron_visits_Washington_D.C._%2853380559741%29.jpg/330px-Foreign_Secretary_David_Cameron_visits_Washington_D.C._%2853380559741%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Foreign_Secretary_David_Cameron_visits_Washington_D.C._%2853380559741%29.jpg/440px-Foreign_Secretary_David_Cameron_visits_Washington_D.C._%2853380559741%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1366" /></a><figcaption>Cardin with UK Foreign Secretary <a href="/wiki/David_Cameron" title="David Cameron">David Cameron</a> in Washington D.C. on December 6, 2023</figcaption></figure> <p>On October 31, 2011, Cardin endorsed the proposal for the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Parliamentary_Assembly" title="United Nations Parliamentary Assembly">United Nations Parliamentary Assembly</a> (UNPA). He is one of only six persons who served as members of the United States Congress ever to do so and is the only one who did so while in office.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Cardin has often supported positions that aim to strengthen America's relationship with Israel.<sup id="cite_ref-Israel_Policy_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Israel_Policy-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2017, Cardin sponsored a bill, the Israel Anti-Boycott Act (S. 720), that would penalize commercial businesses that wanted to aid International NGOs and/or organizations in boycotting Israel.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cardin has argued that Israel's human rights record should not be considered in regard to sending U.S. military aid to Israel.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He supported civilian nuclear cooperation with India.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Weeks after the <a href="/wiki/2014_Hong_Kong_class_boycott_campaign" title="2014 Hong Kong class boycott campaign">2014 Hong Kong class boycott campaign</a> and <a href="/wiki/Umbrella_Movement" title="Umbrella Movement">Umbrella Movement</a> broke out which demands <a href="/wiki/2014_Hong_Kong_protests" title="2014 Hong Kong protests">genuine universal suffrage among other goals</a>, Cardin among bipartisan colleagues joined U.S. senator <a href="/wiki/Sherrod_Brown" title="Sherrod Brown">Sherrod Brown</a> and Rep. <a href="/wiki/Chris_Smith_(New_Jersey_politician)" title="Chris Smith (New Jersey politician)">Chris Smith</a>'s effort to introduce <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Human_Rights_and_Democracy_Act" title="Hong Kong Human Rights and Democracy Act">Hong Kong Human Rights and Democracy Act</a> which would update the <a href="/wiki/United_States%E2%80%93Hong_Kong_Policy_Act" class="mw-redirect" title="United States–Hong Kong Policy Act">United States–Hong Kong Policy Act of 1992</a> and U.S. commitment to <a href="/wiki/Democratic_development_in_Hong_Kong" class="mw-redirect" title="Democratic development in Hong Kong">Hong Kong's freedom and democracy</a>. "<a href="/wiki/Civil_society" title="Civil society">Civil society</a> and <a href="/wiki/Universal_rights" class="mw-redirect" title="Universal rights">democratic freedoms</a> are under attack around the world and <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong%E2%80%93Mainland_conflict" class="mw-redirect" title="Hong Kong–Mainland conflict">Hong Kong is on the front lines</a>. The United States has a responsibility to protect <a href="/wiki/Human_rights" title="Human rights">human rights</a> and defend against <a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Hong_Kong" title="Censorship in Hong Kong">these threats</a>," Cardin, chairman of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Foreign_Relations_Subcommittee_on_East_Asia,_The_Pacific_and_International_Cybersecurity_Policy" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Senate Foreign Relations Subcommittee on East Asia, The Pacific and International Cybersecurity Policy">Senate Foreign Relations East Asian and Pacific Affairs Subcommittee</a> said.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In July 2017, Cardin voted in favor of the <a href="/wiki/Countering_America%27s_Adversaries_Through_Sanctions_Act" title="Countering America's Adversaries Through Sanctions Act">Countering America's Adversaries Through Sanctions Act</a> that placed <a href="/wiki/United_States_sanctions_against_Iran" title="United States sanctions against Iran">sanctions on Iran</a> together with <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> and <a href="/wiki/North_Korea" title="North Korea">North Korea</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On October 11, 2017, in a joint statement, Cardin and Senator <a href="/wiki/John_McCain" title="John McCain">John McCain</a> questioned the Trump administration's commitment to the sanctions bill.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Warner_Loudoun_Times_Mirror_(34847185786).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Warner_Loudoun_Times_Mirror_%2834847185786%29.jpg/220px-Warner_Loudoun_Times_Mirror_%2834847185786%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="178" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Warner_Loudoun_Times_Mirror_%2834847185786%29.jpg/330px-Warner_Loudoun_Times_Mirror_%2834847185786%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Warner_Loudoun_Times_Mirror_%2834847185786%29.jpg/440px-Warner_Loudoun_Times_Mirror_%2834847185786%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="414" /></a><figcaption>Cardin with <a href="/wiki/Mark_Warner" title="Mark Warner">Mark Warner</a> in May 2017</figcaption></figure> <p>In October 2017, Cardin condemned the <a href="/wiki/2017%E2%80%93present_Rohingya_genocide_in_Myanmar" class="mw-redirect" title="2017–present Rohingya genocide in Myanmar">genocide</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Rohingya_people" title="Rohingya people">Rohingya Muslim</a> minority in <a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a> and called for a stronger response to the crisis.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In August 2018, Cardin and 16 other lawmakers urged the Trump administration to impose sanctions under the Global Magnitsky Act against Chinese officials who are responsible for <a href="/wiki/Xinjiang_re-education_camps" class="mw-redirect" title="Xinjiang re-education camps">human rights abuses</a> against the <a href="/wiki/Uyghurs" title="Uyghurs">Uyghur</a> <a href="/wiki/Islam_in_China" title="Islam in China">Muslim</a> minority in western China's <a href="/wiki/Xinjiang" title="Xinjiang">Xinjiang</a> region.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They wrote: "The detention of as many as a million or more Uyghurs and other predominantly Muslim ethnic minorities in 'political reeducation' centers or camps requires a tough, targeted, and global response."<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Cardin condemned President <a href="/wiki/Recep_Tayyip_Erdo%C4%9Fan" title="Recep Tayyip Erdoğan">Erdoğan</a>'s wide-ranging <a href="/wiki/2016%E2%80%93present_purges_in_Turkey" class="mw-redirect" title="2016–present purges in Turkey">crackdown on dissent</a> following a failed July 2016 coup in America's NATO ally <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In April 2019, Cardin was one of thirty-four senators to sign a letter to President Trump encouraging him "to listen to members of your own Administration and reverse a decision that will damage our national security and aggravate conditions inside Central America", asserting that Trump had "consistently expressed a flawed understanding of U.S. foreign assistance" since becoming president and that he was "personally undermining efforts to promote U.S. national security and economic prosperity" through preventing the use of Fiscal Year 2018 national security funding. The senators argued that foreign assistance to Central American countries created less migration to the U.S., citing the funding's helping to improve conditions in those countries.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2023 Senator Cardin became the chair of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Foreign_Relations" title="United States Senate Committee on Foreign Relations">United States Senate Committee on Foreign Relations</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to <i><a href="/wiki/Jewish_Insider" class="mw-redirect" title="Jewish Insider">Jewish Insider</a></i>, Cardin's office communicated to some activists that it does not have a plan to move the <a href="/wiki/MAHSA_Act" title="MAHSA Act">Mahsa Amini Human rights and Security Accountability Act (MAHSA Act)</a> forward through the committee, likely killing the bipartisan Iran sanctions bill.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:20220412_Hyoukei_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/20220412_Hyoukei_1.jpg/220px-20220412_Hyoukei_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/20220412_Hyoukei_1.jpg/330px-20220412_Hyoukei_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/20220412_Hyoukei_1.jpg/440px-20220412_Hyoukei_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1300" data-file-height="918" /></a><figcaption>Ben Cardin (far left) with other senators, US ambassador to Japan <a href="/wiki/Rahm_Emanuel" title="Rahm Emanuel">Rahm Emanuel</a> and PM of Japan <a href="/wiki/Fumio_Kishida" title="Fumio Kishida">Fumio Kishida</a> in 2022</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="LGBTQ+_rights"><span id="LGBTQ.2B_rights"></span>LGBTQ+ rights</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ben_Cardin&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: LGBTQ+ rights"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2022, Cardin voted for the <a href="/wiki/Respect_for_Marriage_Act" title="Respect for Marriage Act">Respect for Marriage Act</a>, legislation intended to codify <a href="/wiki/Same-sex_marriage_in_the_United_States" title="Same-sex marriage in the United States">same-sex marriage rights</a> into federal law.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Online_privacy">Online privacy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ben_Cardin&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Online privacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Cardin supports <a href="/wiki/Net_Neutrality" class="mw-redirect" title="Net Neutrality">Net Neutrality</a>, as shown by his vote during the <a href="/wiki/109th_Congress" class="mw-redirect" title="109th Congress">109th Congress</a> in favor of the Markey Amendment to H.R. 5252 which would add Net Neutrality provisions to the federal telecommunications code.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cardin also supports <a href="/wiki/Combating_Online_Infringement_and_Counterfeits_Act" title="Combating Online Infringement and Counterfeits Act">Combating Online Infringement and Counterfeits Act</a>, which gives DOJ the tools to target those site owners who are engaged in illegal digital piracy.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Taxes">Taxes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ben_Cardin&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Taxes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Cardin is opposed to eliminating the tax deduction for charitable donations and supports raising taxes on higher-income earners.<sup id="cite_ref-CNBC_Interview_81-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CNBC_Interview-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During a December 20, 2012, interview with <a href="/wiki/Maria_Bartiromo" title="Maria Bartiromo">Maria Bartiromo</a> on <a href="/wiki/CNBC" title="CNBC">CNBC</a>, Cardin stated, "We're now a few days away from Christmas. The easiest way to get the revenues is to get the rates from the higher income, uh, taxpayers."<sup id="cite_ref-CNBC_Interview_81-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CNBC_Interview-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In response to the question, "Are you prepared to vote to limit the loophole of charitable deductions?" Cardin responded, "No."<sup id="cite_ref-CNBC_Interview_81-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CNBC_Interview-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Cardin has, on multiple occasions, introduced a bill to adopt a "Progressive Consumption Tax", which is a variation of Michael J. Graetz's <a href="/wiki/Competitive_Tax_Plan" title="Competitive Tax Plan">Competitive Tax Plan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This tax reform would abolish income tax for a large portion of American taxpayers, replacing the lost revenue with a 10% <a href="/wiki/Value-added_tax" title="Value-added tax">value-added tax</a>. As of 2022, the Progressive Consumption Tax has not made it out of committee. </p><p>Cardin spoke out after the <a href="/wiki/Pandora_Papers" title="Pandora Papers">Pandora Papers</a> were revealed in 2021. Cardin said, "The Pandora Papers are a wake-up call to all who care about the future of democracy. Thirty years after the end of the Cold War, it is time for democracies to band together and demand an end to the unprecedented corruption that has come to be the defining feature of the global order. We must purge the dirty money from our systems and deny kleptocrats safe haven."<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Whistleblowers">Whistleblowers</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ben_Cardin&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Whistleblowers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In November 2011, Cardin's intended update of the 1917 Espionage Act upset some public disclosure advocates. They complained that it "would make it harder for federal employees to expose government fraud and abuse."<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Israel">Israel</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ben_Cardin&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Israel"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:United_States_Congressional_Delegation_visit_to_Israel_on_October_22,_2023_-_85.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/United_States_Congressional_Delegation_visit_to_Israel_on_October_22%2C_2023_-_85.jpg/220px-United_States_Congressional_Delegation_visit_to_Israel_on_October_22%2C_2023_-_85.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/United_States_Congressional_Delegation_visit_to_Israel_on_October_22%2C_2023_-_85.jpg/330px-United_States_Congressional_Delegation_visit_to_Israel_on_October_22%2C_2023_-_85.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/United_States_Congressional_Delegation_visit_to_Israel_on_October_22%2C_2023_-_85.jpg/440px-United_States_Congressional_Delegation_visit_to_Israel_on_October_22%2C_2023_-_85.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6478" data-file-height="4627" /></a><figcaption>Cardin with Israeli prime minister <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Netanyahu" title="Benjamin Netanyahu">Benjamin Netanyahu</a> in Israel, October 22, 2023</figcaption></figure> <p>Cardin is a co-sponsor of a Senate resolution expressing objection to the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_2334" title="United Nations Security Council Resolution 2334">UN Security Council Resolution 2334</a>, which condemned <a href="/wiki/Israeli_settlement" title="Israeli settlement">Israeli settlement building</a> in the occupied <a href="/wiki/Palestinian_territories" class="mw-redirect" title="Palestinian territories">Palestinian territories</a> as a violation of international law. Cardin said that "Congress will take action against efforts at the UN, or beyond, that use Resolution 2334 to target Israel."<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Cardin supported President <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a>'s decision to <a href="/wiki/United_States_recognition_of_Jerusalem_as_capital_of_Israel" title="United States recognition of Jerusalem as capital of Israel">recognize Jerusalem as Israel's capital</a>. He stated: "Jerusalem is the capital of the State of Israel and the location of the US Embassy should reflect this fact."<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Cardin and Senator <a href="/wiki/Rob_Portman" title="Rob Portman">Rob Portman</a> (R-Ohio) proposed the <a href="/wiki/Israel_Anti-Boycott_Act" title="Israel Anti-Boycott Act">Israel Anti-Boycott Act</a> in late 2018 which would make it illegal for companies to engage in boycotts against Israel and Israeli settlements in the <a href="/wiki/Israeli-occupied_territories" title="Israeli-occupied territories">Israeli-occupied territories</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The bill would expand the <a href="/wiki/Export_Administration_Act_of_1979" title="Export Administration Act of 1979">Export Administration Act</a> (EAA) to foreign boycotts imposed by international organizations like the <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arab_League" title="Arab League">Arab League</a> and the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a>. Cardin and Portman were strongly in promotion of the bill, and worked to integrate it into larger spending legislation to be signed by then-<a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">President Trump</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-intercept18_88-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-intercept18-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In January 2024, Cardin rejected <a href="/wiki/Bernie_Sanders" title="Bernie Sanders">Bernie Sanders</a>' resolution that would have required the State Department to report to Congress on any evidence of <a href="/wiki/Israeli_war_crimes_in_the_Israel%E2%80%93Hamas_war" title="Israeli war crimes in the Israel–Hamas war">human rights violations</a> by Israel in <a href="/wiki/Gaza_Strip" title="Gaza Strip">Gaza</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In May 2024, Cardin stated that "Israel has not violated International Humanitarian Law" and "military assistance to support Israel's security remains in the U.S. interest and should continue."<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ben_Cardin&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Personal life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Cardin married high school sweetheart Myrna Edelman, a teacher,<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> on November 24, 1964. They have a daughter, Deborah. Their son Michael (born 1967 or 1968) died of <a href="/wiki/Suicide" title="Suicide">suicide</a> on March 24, 1998,<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> at age 30.<sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2002, Cardin's 32-year-old nephew, <a href="/wiki/Jon_S._Cardin" class="mw-redirect" title="Jon S. Cardin">Jon S. Cardin</a>, was elected as a Delegate representing the 11th district of western Baltimore County. With the 11th legislative district overlapping the 3rd congressional district, there were two Cardins on the ticket in this area in 2002. Present at Jon's swearing in was the oldest living former member of the House of Delegates at 95 years of age, Meyer Cardin, Jon's grandfather and Ben's father. Also in attendance was Cardin, who remarked, "The next generation's taking over."<sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Volunteer_service">Volunteer service</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ben_Cardin&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: Volunteer service"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>For many years Cardin served on the board of trustees for <a href="/wiki/St._Mary%27s_College_of_Maryland" title="St. Mary's College of Maryland">St. Mary's College of Maryland</a>. He was very active on the board and also played key roles in the establishment of the <a href="/wiki/Center_for_the_Study_of_Democracy_(St._Mary%27s_College_of_Maryland)" title="Center for the Study of Democracy (St. Mary's College of Maryland)">Center for the Study of Democracy</a> at the college, where he also served on the advisory board. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Electoral_history">Electoral history</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ben_Cardin&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: Electoral history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="; margin-right:1em; font-size:95%"> <caption>Maryland's 3rd Congressional District election, 2000 </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 15em">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:5px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><b><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a></b> </td> <td class="fn"><b>Ben Cardin (Incumbent) </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em"><b>169,347 </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em"><b>75.66 </b> </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#E81B23;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td class="fn">Scott Conwell </td> <td style="text-align:right">53,827 </td> <td style="text-align:right">24.05 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#FED105;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Party_(United_States)" title="Libertarian Party (United States)">Libertarian</a> </td> <td class="fn">Joe Pomykala </td> <td style="text-align:right">238 </td> <td style="text-align:right">0.11 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="width:2px;background-color:#E9E9E9"> </td> <td class="org" style="width: 130px">Write-ins </td> <td class="fn"> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">406 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.18 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align:right;">Total votes </th> <td style="text-align:right;"><b>223,818 </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><b>100.00 </b> </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#F6F6F6"> <td style="background-color: #3333FF"> </td> <td colspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> <b>hold</b> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="; margin-right:1em; font-size:95%"> <caption>Maryland's 3rd Congressional District election, 2002 </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 15em">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:5px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><b><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a></b> </td> <td class="fn"><b>Ben Cardin (Incumbent) </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em"><b>145,589 </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em"><b>65.79 </b> </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#E81B23;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td class="fn">Scott Conwell </td> <td style="text-align:right">75,721 </td> <td style="text-align:right">34.21 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align:right;">Total votes </th> <td style="text-align:right;"><b>221,310 </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><b>100.00 </b> </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#F6F6F6"> <td style="background-color: #3333FF"> </td> <td colspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> <b>hold</b> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders"> <caption>Maryland's 3rd Congressional District election, 2004 </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 130px">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Change in percentage value since previous election">±%</span> </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF; width:5px;"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><b><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a></b> </td> <td class="fn"><b>Ben Cardin (Incumbent) </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em"><b>182,066 </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em"><b>63.44% </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em"><b>−2.35 </b> </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="background-color: #E81B23; width: 5px;"> </td> <td class="org" style="width: 130px"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td class="fn">Robert P. Duckworth </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">97,008 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">33.80% </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">−0.41 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="background-color: #17aa5c; width: 5px;"> </td> <td class="org" style="width: 130px"><a href="/wiki/Green_Party_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Green Party (United States)">Green</a> </td> <td class="fn">Patsy Allen </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">7,895 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">2.75% </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">+2.75 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align:right;">Total votes </th> <td style="text-align:right;"><b>286,969 </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><b>100.00 </b> </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#F6F6F6"> <td style="background-color: #3333FF"> </td> <td colspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> <b>hold</b> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="; margin-right:1em; font-size:95%"> <caption>Maryland United States Senate primary election results, 2006<sup id="cite_ref-state_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-state-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 15em">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:5px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><b><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a></b> </td> <td class="fn"><b>Ben Cardin </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em"><b>257,545 </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em"><b>43.67 </b> </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Kweisi Mfume </td> <td style="text-align:right">238,957 </td> <td style="text-align:right">40.52 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Josh Rales </td> <td style="text-align:right">30,737 </td> <td style="text-align:right">5.21 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Dennis F. Rasmussen </td> <td style="text-align:right">10,997 </td> <td style="text-align:right">1.86 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Mike Schaefer </td> <td style="text-align:right">7,773 </td> <td style="text-align:right">1.32 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Allan Lichtman </td> <td style="text-align:right">6,919 </td> <td style="text-align:right">1.17 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Theresa C. Scaldaferri </td> <td style="text-align:right">5,081 </td> <td style="text-align:right">0.86 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">James H. Hutchinson </td> <td style="text-align:right">4,949 </td> <td style="text-align:right">0.84 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">David Dickerson </td> <td style="text-align:right">3,950 </td> <td style="text-align:right">0.67 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">A. Robert Kaufman </td> <td style="text-align:right">3,908 </td> <td style="text-align:right">0.66 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Anthony Jaworski </td> <td style="text-align:right">3,486 </td> <td style="text-align:right">0.59 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Thomas McCaskill </td> <td style="text-align:right">3,459 </td> <td style="text-align:right">0.59 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">George T. English </td> <td style="text-align:right">2,305 </td> <td style="text-align:right">0.39 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Bob Robinson </td> <td style="text-align:right">2,208 </td> <td style="text-align:right">0.37 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Lih Young </td> <td style="text-align:right">2,039 </td> <td style="text-align:right">0.35 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Blaine Taylor </td> <td style="text-align:right">1,848 </td> <td style="text-align:right">0.31 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Joseph Werner </td> <td style="text-align:right">1,832 </td> <td style="text-align:right">0.31 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Charles Ulysses Smith </td> <td style="text-align:right">1,702 </td> <td style="text-align:right">0.29 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align:right;">Total votes </th> <td style="text-align:right;"><b>589,695 </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><b>100 </b> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders"> <caption>Maryland United States Senate general election results, 2006<sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 130px">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Change in percentage value since previous election">±%</span> </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF; width:5px;"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><b><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a></b> </td> <td class="fn"><b>Ben Cardin </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em"><b>965,477 </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em"><b>54.21 </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em"><b>−9.0 </b> </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="background-color: #E81B23; width: 5px;"> </td> <td class="org" style="width: 130px"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Michael_Steele" title="Michael Steele">Michael Steele</a> </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">787,182 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">44.19 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">+7.5 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="background-color: #17aa5c; width: 5px;"> </td> <td class="org" style="width: 130px"><a href="/wiki/Green_Party_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Green Party (United States)">Green</a> </td> <td class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Kevin_Zeese" title="Kevin Zeese">Kevin Zeese</a> </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">27,564 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">1.55 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em"><i>n/a</i> </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#E9E9E9"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px">Write-ins </td> <td class="fn"> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">916 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.05 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">Majority </th> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">178,295 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">100.00 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em"> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Voter_turnout" title="Voter turnout">Turnout</a> </th> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">1,781,139 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em"> </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em"> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:inherit;background-color: #3333FF"> </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> <b>hold</b> </td> <th style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Swing_(politics)" title="Swing (politics)">Swing</a> </th> <td style="text-align:right;"> </td> <td> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="; margin-right:1em; font-size:95%"> <caption>United States Senate primary election in Maryland, 2012<sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 15em">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:5px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><b><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a></b> </td> <td class="fn"><b>Ben Cardin (incumbent) </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em"><b>240,704 </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em"><b>74.2 </b> </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">C. Anthony Muse </td> <td style="text-align:right">50,807 </td> <td style="text-align:right">15.7 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Chris Garner </td> <td style="text-align:right">9,274 </td> <td style="text-align:right">2.9 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Raymond Levi Blagmon </td> <td style="text-align:right">5,909 </td> <td style="text-align:right">1.8 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">J. P. Cusick </td> <td style="text-align:right">4,778 </td> <td style="text-align:right">1.5 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Blaine Taylor </td> <td style="text-align:right">4,376 </td> <td style="text-align:right">1.3 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Lih Young </td> <td style="text-align:right">3,993 </td> <td style="text-align:right">1.2 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Ralph Jaffe </td> <td style="text-align:right">3,313 </td> <td style="text-align:right">1.0 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Ed Tinus </td> <td style="text-align:right">1,064 </td> <td style="text-align:right">0.3 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align:right;">Total votes </th> <td style="text-align:right;"><b>324,218 </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><b>100 </b> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders"> <caption>United States Senate general election in Maryland, 2012<sup id="cite_ref-MD2012_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MD2012-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 130px">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Change in percentage value since previous election">±%</span> </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF; width:5px;"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><b><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a></b> </td> <td class="fn"><b>Ben Cardin (incumbent) </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em"><b>1,474,028 </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em"><b>55.98% </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em"><b>+1.77% </b> </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="background-color: #E81B23; width: 5px;"> </td> <td class="org" style="width: 130px"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Dan_Bongino" title="Dan Bongino">Dan Bongino</a> </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">693,291 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">26.33% </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">−17.86% </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="background-color: #DDDDBB; width: 5px;"> </td> <td class="org" style="width: 130px"><a href="/wiki/Independent_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent (United States)">Independent</a> </td> <td class="fn">Rob Sobhani </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">430,934 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">16.37% </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">N/A </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="background-color: #FED105; width: 5px;"> </td> <td class="org" style="width: 130px"><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Party_(United_States)" title="Libertarian Party (United States)">Libertarian</a> </td> <td class="fn">Dean Ahmad </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">32,252 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">1.22% </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">N/A </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="background-color: #DDDDDD; width: 5px;"> </td> <td class="org" style="width: 130px"><a href="/wiki/N/a" class="mw-redirect" title="N/a">n/a</a> </td> <td class="fn">Write-ins </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">2,729 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">0.10% </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">+0.05% </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align:right;">Total votes </th> <td style="text-align:right;"><b>2,633,234 </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><b>100.0% </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">N/A </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:inherit;background-color: #3333FF;"> </td> <td colspan="5"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> <b>hold</b> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="; margin-right:1em; font-size:95%"> <caption>United States Senate primary election in Maryland, 2018<sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 15em">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:5px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><b><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a></b> </td> <td class="fn"><b>Ben Cardin (incumbent) </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em"><b>447,441 </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em"><b>79.24% </b> </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Chelsea_Manning" title="Chelsea Manning">Chelsea Manning</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right">34,611 </td> <td style="text-align:right">6.13% </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Jerome_Segal" title="Jerome Segal">Jerome Segal</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right">20,027 </td> <td style="text-align:right">3.55% </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Debbie Wilson </td> <td style="text-align:right">18,953 </td> <td style="text-align:right">3.36% </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Marcia H. Morgan </td> <td style="text-align:right">16,047 </td> <td style="text-align:right">2.84% </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Lih Young </td> <td style="text-align:right">9,874 </td> <td style="text-align:right">1.75% </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Richard Vaughn </td> <td style="text-align:right">9,480 </td> <td style="text-align:right">1.68% </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Erik Jetmir </td> <td style="text-align:right">8,259 </td> <td style="text-align:right">1.46% </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align:right;">Total votes </th> <td style="text-align:right;"><b>564,692 </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><b>100% </b> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders"> <caption>United States Senate general election in Maryland, 2018<sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 130px">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Change in percentage value since previous election">±%</span> </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF; width:5px;"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><b><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a></b> </td> <td class="fn"><b>Ben Cardin (incumbent) </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em"><b>1,491,614 </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em"><b>64.86% </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em"><b>+8.88% </b> </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="background-color: #E81B23; width: 5px;"> </td> <td class="org" style="width: 130px"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Tony_Campbell_(politician)" title="Tony Campbell (politician)">Tony Campbell</a> </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">697,017 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">30.31% </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">+3.98% </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="background-color: #DDDDBB; width: 5px;"> </td> <td class="org" style="width: 130px"><a href="/wiki/Independent_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent (United States)">Independent</a> </td> <td class="fn">Neal Simon </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">85,964 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">3.74% </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">N/A </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="background-color: #FED105; width: 5px;"> </td> <td class="org" style="width: 130px"><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Party_(United_States)" title="Libertarian Party (United States)">Libertarian</a> </td> <td class="fn">Arvin Vohra </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">22,943 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">1.00% </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">−0.22% </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color: white; width: 2px;"> </td> <td class="org" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Write-in_candidate" title="Write-in candidate">Write-in</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2,351 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.10% </td> <td style="text-align:right;">N/A </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align:right;">Total votes </th> <td style="text-align:right;"><b>2,299,889 </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><b>100% </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">N/A </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:inherit;background-color: #3333FF;"> </td> <td colspan="5"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> <b>hold</b> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ben_Cardin&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Jewish_members_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="List of Jewish members of the United States Congress">List of Jewish members of the United States Congress</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes_and_references">Notes and references</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ben_Cardin&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: Notes and references"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Notes">Notes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ben_Cardin&action=edit&section=41" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="References">References</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ben_Cardin&action=edit&section=42" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFKurtz2023" class="citation news cs1">Kurtz, Josh (May 1, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://marylandmatters.org/2023/05/01/after-more-than-a-half-century-in-public-office-cardin-says-he-wont-seek-reelection-in-2024/">"After more than a half-century in public office, Cardin won't seek reelection in 2024"</a>. <i>Maryland Matters</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 20,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Maryland+Matters&rft.atitle=After+more+than+a+half-century+in+public+office%2C+Cardin+won%27t+seek+reelection+in+2024&rft.date=2023-05-01&rft.aulast=Kurtz&rft.aufirst=Josh&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmarylandmatters.org%2F2023%2F05%2F01%2Fafter-more-than-a-half-century-in-public-office-cardin-says-he-wont-seek-reelection-in-2024%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABen+Cardin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MD2012-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MD2012_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MD2012_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MD2012_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://elections.maryland.gov/elections/2012/results/general/gen_results_2012_4_007-.html">"2012 General Election Results"</a>. <i>elections.maryland.gov</i>. 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Purcarea, Vicentiu; Pandea, Razvan-Adrian (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180210002948/https://www.agerpres.ro/english/2017/06/09/president-iohannis-and-u-s-congressmen-discuss-romania-s-inclusion-in-visa-waiver-programme-09-43-29">"President Iohannis and U.S. congressmen discuss Romania's inclusion in Visa Waiver programme"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Bucharest" title="Bucharest">Bucharest</a>, <a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a>. <a href="/wiki/Agerpres" title="Agerpres">Agerpres</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.agerpres.ro/english/2017/06/09/president-iohannis-and-u-s-congressmen-discuss-romania-s-inclusion-in-visa-waiver-programme-09-43-29">the original</a> on February 10, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 29,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=President+Iohannis+and+U.S.+congressmen+discuss+Romania%27s+inclusion+in+Visa+Waiver+programme&rft.date=2017-06-09&rft.aulast=Peia&rft.aufirst=Florentina&rft.au=Iacob%2C+Simona&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.agerpres.ro%2Fenglish%2F2017%2F06%2F09%2Fpresident-iohannis-and-u-s-congressmen-discuss-romania-s-inclusion-in-visa-waiver-programme-09-43-29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABen+Cardin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-High_Marks-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-High_Marks_30-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://weblogs.baltimoresun.com/news/local/politics/2010/01/cardin_sarbanes_get_high_marks.html">"Cardin, Sarbanes get high marks for Obama support; Mikulski's attendance slips"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Baltimore_Sun" title="The Baltimore Sun">The Baltimore Sun</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Baltimore+Sun&rft.atitle=Cardin%2C+Sarbanes+get+high+marks+for+Obama+support%3B+Mikulski%27s+attendance+slips&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fweblogs.baltimoresun.com%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Fpolitics%2F2010%2F01%2Fcardin_sarbanes_get_high_marks.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABen+Cardin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NJ_Rankings-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NJ_Rankings_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140209022321/http://www.nationaljournal.com/pictures-video/the-15-most-liberal-senators-20140206">"2013 Vote Ratings: The 15 Most Liberal Senators"</a>. <i>National Journal</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 17,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Vote+Smart&rft.atitle=Ben+Cardin%27s+Ratings+and+Endorsements&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fjustfacts.votesmart.org%2Fcandidate%2Fevaluations%2F26888%2Fben-cardin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABen+Cardin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.insidernj.com/press-release/menendez-booker-join-call-investigation-usda-amid-reports-scientific-data-suppression/">"Menendez, Booker Join Call for Investigation at USDA amid Reports of Scientific Data Suppression"</a>. <i>InsiderNJ</i>. 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Senate Contenders Differ Over Death Penalty"</a>. <i>Southern Maryland Online</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Southern+Maryland+Online&rft.atitle=Md.+Senate+Contenders+Differ+Over+Death+Penalty&rft.date=2006-11-03&rft.aulast=Linn&rft.aufirst=Leticia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsomd.com%2Fnews%2Fheadlines%2F2006%2F4747.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABen+Cardin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thehill.com/homenews/senate/434992-warren-klobuchar-call-on-ftc-to-curtail-use-of-non-compete-clauses/">"Warren, Klobuchar call on FTC to curtail use of non-compete clauses"</a>. <i>The Hill</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 23,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Death+record+%E2%80%93+Michael+A+Cardin&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.death-record.com%2Fl%2F114208015%2FMichael-A-Cardin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABen+Cardin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://groups.google.com/forum/?fromgroups=#!topic/newsguy.world.politics/GlNbK8ZlvmY">"Redirecting to Google Groups"</a>. <i>groups.google.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 10,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=groups.google.com&rft.atitle=Redirecting+to+Google+Groups&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgroups.google.com%2Fforum%2F%3Ffromgroups%3D%23%21topic%2Fnewsguy.world.politics%2FGlNbK8ZlvmY&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABen+Cardin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFolkenflik1998" class="citation web cs1">Folkenflik, David (March 25, 1998). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.baltimoresun.com/news/bs-xpm-1998-03-26-1998085086-story.html">"Michael Cardin, 30, lawyer, son of Rep. Cardin"</a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Baltimore_Sun" title="The Baltimore Sun">The Baltimore Sun</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210621045322/https://www.baltimoresun.com/news/bs-xpm-1998-03-26-1998085086-story.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 21, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Baltimore+Sun&rft.atitle=Michael+Cardin%2C+30%2C+lawyer%2C+son+of+Rep.+Cardin&rft.date=1998-03-25&rft.aulast=Folkenflik&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.baltimoresun.com%2Fnews%2Fbs-xpm-1998-03-26-1998085086-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABen+Cardin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDesmon2003" class="citation news cs1">Desmon, Stephanie (March 18, 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.baltimoresun.com/news/bs-xpm-2003-03-18-0303180190-story.html">"Two famous-name freshmen begin to carve own niche in Md. House"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Baltimore_Sun" title="The Baltimore Sun">The Baltimore Sun</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 18,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Baltimore+Sun&rft.atitle=Two+famous-name+freshmen+begin+to+carve+own+niche+in+Md.+House&rft.date=2003-03-18&rft.aulast=Desmon&rft.aufirst=Stephanie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.baltimoresun.com%2Fnews%2Fbs-xpm-2003-03-18-0303180190-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABen+Cardin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://elections.maryland.gov/elections/2006/results/general/office_US_Senator.html">"Official 2006 Gubernatorial General Election results for U.S. Senator"</a>. <i>elections.maryland.gov</i>. Maryland State Board of Elections. December 19, 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 13,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=elections.maryland.gov&rft.atitle=Official+2006+Gubernatorial+General+Election+results+for+U.S.+Senator&rft.date=2006-12-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Felections.maryland.gov%2Felections%2F2006%2Fresults%2Fgeneral%2Foffice_US_Senator.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABen+Cardin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFritze2012" class="citation news cs1">Fritze, John (April 3, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130429230121/http://www.baltimoresun.com/news/breaking/bs-md-congress-primary-2-20120403,0,5918965.story">"Ben Cardin wins Senate primary"</a>. <i>The Baltimore Sun</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.baltimoresun.com/news/breaking/bs-md-congress-primary-2-20120403,0,5918965.story">the original</a> on April 29, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 3,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Baltimore+Sun&rft.atitle=Ben+Cardin+wins+Senate+primary&rft.date=2012-04-03&rft.aulast=Fritze&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.baltimoresun.com%2Fnews%2Fbreaking%2Fbs-md-congress-primary-2-20120403%2C0%2C5918965.story&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABen+Cardin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120405073108/http://www.washingtonpost.com/local/sen-benjamin-cardin-wins-democratic-primary/2012/04/03/gIQAh5dztS_story.html">"Ex-agent Bongino wins Republican Senate primary; will face Sen. Benjamin Cardin in November"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i>. April 4, 2012. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/sen-benjamin-cardin-wins-democratic-primary/2012/04/03/gIQAh5dztS_story.html">the original</a> on April 5, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 4,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Ex-agent+Bongino+wins+Republican+Senate+primary%3B+will+face+Sen.+Benjamin+Cardin+in+November&rft.date=2012-04-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Flocal%2Fsen-benjamin-cardin-wins-democratic-primary%2F2012%2F04%2F03%2FgIQAh5dztS_story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABen+Cardin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-99"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-99">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://elections.maryland.gov/elections/2012/results/primary/gen_results_2012_3_007-.html">"Official 2012 Presidential Primary Election results for U.S. Senator"</a>. <i>elections.maryland.gov</i>. Maryland State Board of Elections. May 2, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 26,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=elections.maryland.gov&rft.atitle=Official+2012+Presidential+Primary+Election+results+for+U.S.+Senator&rft.date=2012-05-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Felections.maryland.gov%2Felections%2F2012%2Fresults%2Fprimary%2Fgen_results_2012_3_007-.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABen+Cardin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://elections.maryland.gov/elections/2018/results/primary/gen_results_2018_1_007-.html">"2018 Maryland primary election results"</a>. <i>elections.maryland.gov</i>. Maryland State Board of Elections. July 31, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 12,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=elections.maryland.gov&rft.atitle=2018+Maryland+primary+election+results&rft.date=2018-07-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Felections.maryland.gov%2Felections%2F2018%2Fresults%2Fprimary%2Fgen_results_2018_1_007-.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABen+Cardin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-101">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://elections.maryland.gov/elections/2018/results/general/gen_results_2018_2_007-.html">"2018 Election Results"</a>. <i>elections.maryland.gov</i>. Maryland State Board of Elections.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=elections.maryland.gov&rft.atitle=2018+Election+Results&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Felections.maryland.gov%2Felections%2F2018%2Fresults%2Fgeneral%2Fgen_results_2018_2_007-.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABen+Cardin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ben_Cardin&action=edit&section=43" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/40px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/60px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/80px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="759" data-file-height="415" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikinews has related news: <div><ul><li><a href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Russian_police_to_%27check%27_officer_allegedly_involved_in_large_theft_and_murder" class="extiw" title="wikinews:Russian police to 'check' officer allegedly involved in large theft and murder"> Russian police to 'check' officer allegedly involved in large theft and murder</a></li></ul></div></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=c000141">Biography</a> at the <i><a href="/wiki/Biographical_Directory_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="Biographical Directory of the United States Congress">Biographical Directory of the United States Congress</a></i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/S6MD03177">Financial information (federal office)</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Election_Commission" title="Federal Election Commission">Federal Election Commission</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.congress.gov/member/benjamin-cardin/174">Legislation sponsored</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://justfacts.votesmart.org/candidate/26888">Profile</a> at <a href="/wiki/Vote_Smart" title="Vote Smart">Vote Smart</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ben_Cardin&action=edit&section=44" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="38" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/57px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/76px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a> has original works by or about:<br /><b style="text-align: center;"><i><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:Ben_Cardin" class="extiw" title="s:Author:Ben Cardin">Ben Cardin</a></i></b></div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Ben_Cardin" class="extiw" title="commons:Ben Cardin"><span style="font-style:italic; font-weight:bold;">Ben Cardin</span></a>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cardin.senate.gov/">Senator Ben Cardin</a> official U.S. Senate website</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bencardin.com">Ben Cardin for Senate</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.c-span.org/person/?4004">Appearances</a> on <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #cccccc"><a href="/wiki/Maryland_House_of_Delegates" title="Maryland House of Delegates">Maryland House of Delegates</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Cardin" title="Maurice Cardin">Maurice Cardin</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Member of the <a href="/wiki/Maryland_House_of_Delegates" title="Maryland House of Delegates">Maryland House of Delegates</a><br />from the 42nd district </b><br />1967–1987 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/David_Shapiro_(politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="David Shapiro (politician)">David Shapiro</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ccccff;">Political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/John_Hanson_Briscoe" title="John Hanson Briscoe">John Hanson Briscoe</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_Maryland_House_of_Delegates" class="mw-redirect" title="Speaker of the Maryland House of Delegates">Speaker of the Maryland House of Delegates</a> </b><br />1979–1987 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/R._Clayton_Mitchell_Jr." title="R. Clayton Mitchell Jr.">Clayton Mitchell</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #cccccc"><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">U.S. House of Representatives</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Mikulski" title="Barbara Mikulski">Barbara Mikulski</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Member of the <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Maryland" title="List of United States representatives from Maryland">U.S. House of Representatives</a><br />from <a href="/wiki/Maryland%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Maryland's 3rd congressional district">Maryland's 3rd congressional district</a> </b><br />1987–2007 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/John_Sarbanes" title="John Sarbanes">John Sarbanes</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFBF00;">Party political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Sarbanes" title="Paul Sarbanes">Paul Sarbanes</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> nominee for <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senator" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Senator">U.S. Senator</a> from <a href="/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland">Maryland</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Classes_of_United_States_senators" title="Classes of United States senators">Class 1</a>) </b><br /><a href="/wiki/2006_United_States_Senate_election_in_Maryland" title="2006 United States Senate election in Maryland">2006</a>, <a href="/wiki/2012_United_States_Senate_election_in_Maryland" title="2012 United States Senate election in Maryland">2012</a>, <a href="/wiki/2018_United_States_Senate_election_in_Maryland" title="2018 United States Senate election in Maryland">2018</a> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Angela_Alsobrooks" title="Angela Alsobrooks">Angela Alsobrooks</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #cccccc"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">U.S. Senate</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold">Paul Sarbanes</div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Maryland" title="List of United States senators from Maryland">U.S. Senator (Class 1) from Maryland</a> </b><br />2007–present <br />Served alongside: <b>Barbara Mikulski, <a href="/wiki/Chris_Van_Hollen" title="Chris Van Hollen">Chris Van Hollen</a></b> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b>Incumbent</b> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Alcee_Hastings" title="Alcee Hastings">Alcee Hastings</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Chair of the <a href="/wiki/Commission_on_Security_and_Cooperation_in_Europe" title="Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe">Joint Helsinki Commission</a> </b><br />2009–2011 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="2">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Chris_Smith_(New_Jersey_politician)" title="Chris Smith (New Jersey politician)">Chris Smith</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold">Chris Smith</div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Chair of the <a href="/wiki/Commission_on_Security_and_Cooperation_in_Europe" title="Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe">Joint Helsinki Commission</a> </b><br />2013–2015 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Jim_Risch" title="Jim Risch">Jim Risch</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Ranking Member of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Small_Business_and_Entrepreneurship" title="United States Senate Committee on Small Business and Entrepreneurship">Senate Small Business Committee</a> </b><br />2015 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Jeanne_Shaheen" title="Jeanne Shaheen">Jeanne Shaheen</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Bob_Menendez" title="Bob Menendez">Bob Menendez</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Ranking Member of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Foreign_Relations" title="United States Senate Committee on Foreign Relations">Senate Foreign Relations Committee</a> </b><br />2015–2018 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold">Bob Menendez</div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Jeanne_Shaheen" title="Jeanne Shaheen">Jeanne Shaheen</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Ranking Member of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Small_Business_and_Entrepreneurship" title="United States Senate Committee on Small Business and Entrepreneurship">Senate Small Business Committee</a> </b><br />2018–2021 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Marco_Rubio" title="Marco Rubio">Marco Rubio</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold">Marco Rubio</div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Chair of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Small_Business_and_Entrepreneurship" title="United States Senate Committee on Small Business and Entrepreneurship">Senate Small Business Committee</a> </b><br />2021–2023 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Jeanne_Shaheen" title="Jeanne Shaheen">Jeanne Shaheen</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Alcee_Hastings" title="Alcee Hastings">Alcee Hastings</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Chair of the <a href="/wiki/Commission_on_Security_and_Cooperation_in_Europe" title="Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe">Joint Helsinki Commission</a> </b><br />2021–2023 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Joe_Wilson_(American_politician)" title="Joe Wilson (American politician)">Joe Wilson</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Bob_Menendez" title="Bob Menendez">Bob Menendez</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Chair of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Foreign_Relations" title="United States Senate Committee on Foreign Relations">Senate Foreign Relations Committee</a> </b><br />2023–present </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b>Incumbent</b> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #cfc;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_order_of_precedence" title="United States order of precedence">U.S. order of precedence</a> (ceremonial) </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Bob_Casey_Jr." title="Bob Casey Jr.">Bob Casey Jr.</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/United_States_order_of_precedence" title="United States order of precedence">Order of precedence of the United States</a><br /><i><span style="font-size:85%;">as United States Senator</span></i> </b> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Sheldon_Whitehouse" title="Sheldon Whitehouse">Sheldon Whitehouse</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" 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href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Maryland" title="List of United States senators from Maryland">Senators</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ben Cardin</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Chris_Van_Hollen" title="Chris Van Hollen">Chris Van Hollen</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Maryland" title="List of United States representatives from Maryland">Representatives <br /><span class="nobold">(ordered by district)</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Andy_Harris_(politician)" title="Andy Harris (politician)">Andy Harris</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Dutch_Ruppersberger" title="Dutch Ruppersberger">Dutch Ruppersberger</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_Sarbanes" title="John Sarbanes">John Sarbanes</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Glenn_Ivey" title="Glenn Ivey">Glenn Ivey</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Steny_Hoyer" title="Steny Hoyer">Steny Hoyer</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/David_Trone" title="David Trone">David Trone</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Kweisi_Mfume" title="Kweisi Mfume">Kweisi Mfume</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Jamie_Raskin" title="Jamie Raskin">Jamie Raskin</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Current_U.S._senators" title="Template:Current U.S. senators"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Current_U.S._senators" title="Template talk:Current U.S. senators"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Current_U.S._senators" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Current U.S. senators"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Current_United_States_senators" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_United_States_senators" title="List of current United States senators">Current United States senators</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><b><a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States#Constitutional_roles" title="Vice President of the United States">President</a>:</b> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Kamala_Harris" title="Kamala Harris">Kamala Harris</a> (D) ‧ <b><a href="/wiki/President_pro_tempore_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="President pro tempore of the United States Senate">President pro tempore</a>:</b> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Patty_Murray" title="Patty Murray">Patty Murray</a> (D)</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd plainlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent; text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 14em;"> <ul><li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Alabama" title="List of United States senators from Alabama">AL</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Tommy_Tuberville" title="Tommy Tuberville">Tuberville</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Katie_Britt" title="Katie Britt">Britt</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Alaska" title="List of United States senators from Alaska">AK</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Lisa_Murkowski" title="Lisa Murkowski">Murkowski</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Dan_Sullivan_(U.S._senator)" title="Dan Sullivan (U.S. senator)">Sullivan</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Arizona" title="List of United States senators from Arizona">AZ</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#DDDDBB;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Kyrsten_Sinema" title="Kyrsten Sinema">Sinema</a> (I)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Mark_Kelly" title="Mark Kelly">Kelly</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Arkansas" title="List of United States senators from Arkansas">AR</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/John_Boozman" title="John Boozman">Boozman</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Tom_Cotton" title="Tom Cotton">Cotton</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_California" title="List of United States senators from California">CA</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Alex_Padilla" title="Alex Padilla">Padilla</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Laphonza_Butler" title="Laphonza Butler">Butler</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Colorado" title="List of United States senators from Colorado">CO</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Michael_Bennet" title="Michael Bennet">Bennet</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/John_Hickenlooper" title="John Hickenlooper">Hickenlooper</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Connecticut" title="List of United States senators from Connecticut">CT</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Richard_Blumenthal" title="Richard Blumenthal">Blumenthal</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Chris_Murphy" title="Chris Murphy">Murphy</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Delaware" title="List of United States senators from Delaware">DE</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Tom_Carper" title="Tom Carper">Carper</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Chris_Coons" title="Chris Coons">Coons</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Florida" title="List of United States senators from Florida">FL</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Marco_Rubio" title="Marco Rubio">Rubio</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Rick_Scott" title="Rick Scott">R. Scott</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Georgia" title="List of United States senators from Georgia">GA</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Jon_Ossoff" title="Jon Ossoff">Ossoff</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Raphael_Warnock" title="Raphael Warnock">Warnock</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Hawaii" title="List of United States senators from Hawaii">HI</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Brian_Schatz" title="Brian Schatz">Schatz</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Mazie_Hirono" title="Mazie Hirono">Hirono</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Idaho" title="List of United States senators from Idaho">ID</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Mike_Crapo" title="Mike Crapo">Crapo</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Jim_Risch" title="Jim Risch">Risch</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Illinois" title="List of United States senators from Illinois">IL</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Dick_Durbin" title="Dick Durbin">Durbin</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Tammy_Duckworth" title="Tammy Duckworth">Duckworth</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Indiana" title="List of United States senators from Indiana">IN</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Todd_Young" title="Todd Young">Young</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Mike_Braun" title="Mike Braun">Braun</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Iowa" title="List of United States senators from Iowa">IA</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Chuck_Grassley" title="Chuck Grassley">Grassley</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Joni_Ernst" title="Joni Ernst">Ernst</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Kansas" title="List of United States senators from Kansas">KS</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Jerry_Moran" title="Jerry Moran">Moran</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Roger_Marshall" title="Roger Marshall">Marshall</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Kentucky" title="List of United States senators from Kentucky">KY</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Mitch_McConnell" title="Mitch McConnell">McConnell</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Rand_Paul" title="Rand Paul">Paul</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Louisiana" title="List of United States senators from Louisiana">LA</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Bill_Cassidy" title="Bill Cassidy">Cassidy</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/John_Kennedy_(Louisiana_politician)" title="John Kennedy (Louisiana politician)">Kennedy</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Maine" title="List of United States senators from Maine">ME</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Susan_Collins" title="Susan Collins">Collins</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#DDDDBB;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Angus_King" title="Angus King">King</a> (I)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Maryland" title="List of United States senators from Maryland">MD</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cardin</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Chris_Van_Hollen" title="Chris Van Hollen">Van Hollen</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Massachusetts" title="List of United States senators from Massachusetts">MA</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Warren" title="Elizabeth Warren">Warren</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Ed_Markey" title="Ed Markey">Markey</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Michigan" title="List of United States senators from Michigan">MI</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Debbie_Stabenow" title="Debbie Stabenow">Stabenow</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Gary_Peters" title="Gary Peters">Peters</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Minnesota" title="List of United States senators from Minnesota">MN</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Amy_Klobuchar" title="Amy Klobuchar">Klobuchar</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Tina_Smith" title="Tina Smith">Smith</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Mississippi" title="List of United States senators from Mississippi">MS</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Roger_Wicker" title="Roger Wicker">Wicker</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Cindy_Hyde-Smith" title="Cindy Hyde-Smith">Hyde-Smith</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Missouri" title="List of United States senators from Missouri">MO</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Josh_Hawley" title="Josh Hawley">Hawley</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Eric_Schmitt" title="Eric Schmitt">Schmitt</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Montana" title="List of United States senators from Montana">MT</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Jon_Tester" title="Jon Tester">Tester</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Steve_Daines" title="Steve Daines">Daines</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Nebraska" title="List of United States senators from Nebraska">NE</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Deb_Fischer" title="Deb Fischer">Fischer</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Pete_Ricketts" title="Pete Ricketts">Ricketts</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Nevada" title="List of United States senators from Nevada">NV</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Catherine_Cortez_Masto" title="Catherine Cortez Masto">Cortez Masto</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Jacky_Rosen" title="Jacky Rosen">Rosen</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_New_Hampshire" title="List of United States senators from New Hampshire">NH</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Jeanne_Shaheen" title="Jeanne Shaheen">Shaheen</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Maggie_Hassan" title="Maggie Hassan">Hassan</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_New_Jersey" title="List of United States senators from New Jersey">NJ</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Cory_Booker" title="Cory Booker">Booker</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/George_Helmy" title="George Helmy">Helmy</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_New_Mexico" title="List of United States senators from New Mexico">NM</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Martin_Heinrich" title="Martin Heinrich">Heinrich</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Ben_Ray_Luj%C3%A1n" title="Ben Ray Luján">Luján</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_New_York" title="List of United States senators from New York">NY</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Chuck_Schumer" title="Chuck Schumer">Schumer</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Kirsten_Gillibrand" title="Kirsten Gillibrand">Gillibrand</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_North_Carolina" title="List of United States senators from North Carolina">NC</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Thom_Tillis" title="Thom Tillis">Tillis</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Ted_Budd" title="Ted Budd">Budd</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_North_Dakota" title="List of United States senators from North Dakota">ND</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/John_Hoeven" title="John Hoeven">Hoeven</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Kevin_Cramer" title="Kevin Cramer">Cramer</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Ohio" title="List of United States senators from Ohio">OH</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Sherrod_Brown" title="Sherrod Brown">Brown</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/JD_Vance" title="JD Vance">Vance</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Oklahoma" title="List of United States senators from Oklahoma">OK</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/James_Lankford" title="James Lankford">Lankford</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Markwayne_Mullin" title="Markwayne Mullin">Mullin</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Oregon" title="List of United States senators from Oregon">OR</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Ron_Wyden" title="Ron Wyden">Wyden</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Jeff_Merkley" title="Jeff Merkley">Merkley</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Pennsylvania" title="List of United States senators from Pennsylvania">PA</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Bob_Casey_Jr." title="Bob Casey Jr.">Casey</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/John_Fetterman" title="John Fetterman">Fetterman</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Rhode_Island" title="List of United States senators from Rhode Island">RI</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Jack_Reed_(Rhode_Island_politician)" title="Jack Reed (Rhode Island politician)">Reed</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Sheldon_Whitehouse" title="Sheldon Whitehouse">Whitehouse</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_South_Carolina" title="List of United States senators from South Carolina">SC</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Lindsey_Graham" title="Lindsey Graham">Graham</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Tim_Scott" title="Tim Scott">T. Scott</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_South_Dakota" title="List of United States senators from South Dakota">SD</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/John_Thune" title="John Thune">Thune</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Mike_Rounds" title="Mike Rounds">Rounds</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Tennessee" title="List of United States senators from Tennessee">TN</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Marsha_Blackburn" title="Marsha Blackburn">Blackburn</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Bill_Hagerty" title="Bill Hagerty">Hagerty</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Texas" title="List of United States senators from Texas">TX</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/John_Cornyn" title="John Cornyn">Cornyn</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Ted_Cruz" title="Ted Cruz">Cruz</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Utah" title="List of United States senators from Utah">UT</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Mike_Lee" title="Mike Lee">Lee</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Mitt_Romney" title="Mitt Romney">Romney</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Vermont" title="List of United States senators from Vermont">VT</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#DDDDBB;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Bernie_Sanders" title="Bernie Sanders">Sanders</a> (I)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Peter_Welch" title="Peter Welch">Welch</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Virginia" title="List of United States senators from Virginia">VA</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Mark_Warner" title="Mark Warner">Warner</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Tim_Kaine" title="Tim Kaine">Kaine</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Washington" title="List of United States senators from Washington">WA</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Patty_Murray" title="Patty Murray">Murray</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Maria_Cantwell" title="Maria Cantwell">Cantwell</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_West_Virginia" title="List of United States senators from West Virginia">WV</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#DDDDBB;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Joe_Manchin" title="Joe Manchin">Manchin</a> (I)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Shelley_Moore_Capito" title="Shelley Moore Capito">Capito</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Wisconsin" title="List of United States senators from Wisconsin">WI</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Ron_Johnson" title="Ron Johnson">Johnson</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Tammy_Baldwin" title="Tammy Baldwin">Baldwin</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Wyoming" title="List of United States senators from Wyoming">WY</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/John_Barrasso" title="John Barrasso">Barrasso</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Cynthia_Lummis" title="Cynthia Lummis">Lummis</a> (R)</div></li></ul> </div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/100px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/150px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/200px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1030" data-file-height="1030" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a>: 49</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a>: 47</li> <li><span style="color:#DDDDBB;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" title="Independent politician">Independent</a>: 4</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Statewide_political_officials_of_Maryland" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Maryland_statewide_political_officials" title="Template:Maryland statewide political officials"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Maryland_statewide_political_officials" title="Template talk:Maryland statewide political officials"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Maryland_statewide_political_officials" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Maryland statewide political officials"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Statewide_political_officials_of_Maryland" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Statewide political officials of <a href="/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland">Maryland</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">U.S. senators</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ben Cardin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chris_Van_Hollen" title="Chris Van Hollen">Chris Van Hollen</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Seal_of_Maryland_%28reverse%29.svg/90px-Seal_of_Maryland_%28reverse%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="90" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Seal_of_Maryland_%28reverse%29.svg/135px-Seal_of_Maryland_%28reverse%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Seal_of_Maryland_%28reverse%29.svg/180px-Seal_of_Maryland_%28reverse%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="720" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Maryland" title="Government of Maryland">State government</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wes_Moore" title="Wes Moore">Wes Moore</a>, <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Maryland" title="Governor of Maryland">Governor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aruna_Miller" title="Aruna Miller">Aruna Miller</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_Governor_of_Maryland" title="Lieutenant Governor of Maryland">Lieutenant Governor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Brown_(Maryland_politician)" title="Anthony Brown (Maryland politician)">Anthony Brown</a>, <a href="/wiki/Attorney_General_of_Maryland" title="Attorney General of Maryland">Attorney General</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brooke_Lierman" title="Brooke Lierman">Brooke Lierman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Comptroller_of_Maryland" title="Comptroller of Maryland">Comptroller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susan_C._Lee" title="Susan C. Lee">Susan C. Lee</a>, <a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_of_Maryland" title="Secretary of State of Maryland">Secretary of State</a> (appointed)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dereck_E._Davis" title="Dereck E. Davis">Dereck Davis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Treasurer_of_Maryland" title="Treasurer of Maryland">Treasurer</a> (appointed)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Maryland_Senate" title="Maryland Senate">Senate</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Ferguson_(politician)" title="Bill Ferguson (politician)">Bill Ferguson</a>, <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Maryland_Senate" title="President of the Maryland Senate">President</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malcolm_Augustine" title="Malcolm Augustine">Malcolm Augustine</a>, President pro tempore</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nancy_J._King" title="Nancy J. King">Nancy J. King</a>, Majority Leader</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_S._Hershey_Jr." title="Stephen S. Hershey Jr.">Stephen S. Hershey Jr.</a>, Minority Leader</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Maryland_House_of_Delegates" title="Maryland House of Delegates">House</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adrienne_A._Jones" title="Adrienne A. Jones">Adrienne A. Jones</a>, <a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_Maryland_House_of_Delegates" class="mw-redirect" title="Speaker of the Maryland House of Delegates">Speaker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dana_Stein" title="Dana Stein">Dana Stein</a>, Speaker pro tempore</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Moon_(politician)" title="David Moon (politician)">David Moon</a>, Majority Leader</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jason_C._Buckel" title="Jason C. Buckel">Jason C. Buckel</a>, Minority Leader</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Maryland_Court_of_Appeals" class="mw-redirect" title="Maryland Court of Appeals">Court of Appeals</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Matthew_J._Fader" title="Matthew J. Fader">Matthew J. Fader</a>, Chief Judge</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shirley_M._Watts" title="Shirley M. Watts">Shirley M. Watts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brynja_McDivitt_Booth" class="mw-redirect" title="Brynja McDivitt Booth">Brynja McDivitt Booth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Biran" title="Jonathan Biran">Jonathan Biran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_B._Gould" title="Steven B. Gould">Steven B. Gould</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angela_M._Eaves" title="Angela M. Eaves">Angela M. Eaves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Killough" title="Peter Killough">Peter Killough</a>, Judges</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Chairs_and_ranking_members_of_United_States_Senate_committees" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:US_Senate_chairs" title="Template:US Senate chairs"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:US_Senate_chairs" title="Template talk:US Senate chairs"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:US_Senate_chairs" title="Special:EditPage/Template:US Senate chairs"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Chairs_and_ranking_members_of_United_States_Senate_committees" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Chairs and <a href="/wiki/Ranking_member" title="Ranking member">ranking members</a> of <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">United States Senate</a> <a href="/wiki/List_of_current_United_States_Senate_committees" class="mw-redirect" title="List of current United States Senate committees">committees</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd plainlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:100%;"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" style="font-weight:bold;">Chairs (Democratic)</td><td class="navbox-abovebelow" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;font-weight:bold;">Ranking Members (Republican)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;width:50%;"><div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Special_Committee_on_Aging" title="United States Senate Special Committee on Aging">Aging (Special)</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Bob_Casey_Jr." title="Bob Casey Jr.">Bob Casey</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Agriculture,_Nutrition_and_Forestry" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Senate Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition and Forestry">Agriculture, Nutrition and Forestry</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Debbie_Stabenow" title="Debbie Stabenow">Debbie Stabenow</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Appropriations" title="United States Senate Committee on Appropriations">Appropriations</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Patty_Murray" title="Patty Murray">Patty Murray</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Armed_Services" title="United States Senate Committee on Armed Services">Armed Services</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Jack_Reed_(Rhode_Island_politician)" title="Jack Reed (Rhode Island politician)">Jack Reed</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Banking,_Housing,_and_Urban_Affairs" title="United States Senate Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs">Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Sherrod_Brown" title="Sherrod Brown">Sherrod Brown</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_the_Budget" title="United States Senate Committee on the Budget">Budget</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Sheldon_Whitehouse" title="Sheldon Whitehouse">Sheldon Whitehouse</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Commerce,_Science,_and_Transportation" title="United States Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation">Commerce, Science and Transportation</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Maria_Cantwell" title="Maria Cantwell">Maria Cantwell</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Energy_and_Natural_Resources" title="United States Senate Committee on Energy and Natural Resources">Energy and Natural Resources</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Joe_Manchin" title="Joe Manchin">Joe Manchin</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Environment_and_Public_Works" title="United States Senate Committee on Environment and Public Works">Environment and Public Works</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Tom_Carper" title="Tom Carper">Tom Carper</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Select_Committee_on_Ethics" title="United States Senate Select Committee on Ethics">Ethics (Select)</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Chris_Coons" title="Chris Coons">Chris Coons</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Finance" title="United States Senate Committee on Finance">Finance</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Ron_Wyden" title="Ron Wyden">Ron Wyden</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Foreign_Relations" title="United States Senate Committee on Foreign Relations">Foreign Relations</a></b>: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ben Cardin</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Health,_Education,_Labor_and_Pensions" title="United States Senate Committee on Health, Education, Labor and Pensions">Health, Education, Labor and Pensions</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Bernie_Sanders" title="Bernie Sanders">Bernie Sanders</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Homeland_Security_and_Governmental_Affairs" title="United States Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs">Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Gary_Peters" title="Gary Peters">Gary Peters</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Indian_Affairs" title="United States Senate Committee on Indian Affairs">Indian Affairs (Permanent Select)</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Brian_Schatz" title="Brian Schatz">Brian Schatz</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Select_Committee_on_Intelligence" title="United States Senate Select Committee on Intelligence">Intelligence (Select)</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Mark_Warner" title="Mark Warner">Mark Warner</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/International_Narcotics_Control_Caucus" class="mw-redirect" title="International Narcotics Control Caucus">International Narcotics Control (Permanent Caucus)</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Sheldon_Whitehouse" title="Sheldon Whitehouse">Sheldon Whitehouse</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_the_Judiciary" title="United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary">Judiciary</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Dick_Durbin" title="Dick Durbin">Dick Durbin</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Rules_and_Administration" title="United States Senate Committee on Rules and Administration">Rules and Administration</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Amy_Klobuchar" title="Amy Klobuchar">Amy Klobuchar</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Small_Business_and_Entrepreneurship" title="United States Senate Committee on Small Business and Entrepreneurship">Small Business and Entrepreneurship</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Jeanne_Shaheen" title="Jeanne Shaheen">Jeanne Shaheen</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Veterans%27_Affairs" title="United States Senate Committee on Veterans' Affairs">Veterans' Affairs</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Jon_Tester" title="Jon Tester">Jon Tester</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;width:50%;"><div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Special_Committee_on_Aging" title="United States Senate Special Committee on Aging">Aging (Special)</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Mike_Braun" title="Mike Braun">Mike Braun</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Agriculture,_Nutrition_and_Forestry" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Senate Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition and Forestry">Agriculture, Nutrition and Forestry</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/John_Boozman" title="John Boozman">John Boozman</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Appropriations" title="United States Senate Committee on Appropriations">Appropriations</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Susan_Collins" title="Susan Collins">Susan Collins</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Armed_Services" title="United States Senate Committee on Armed Services">Armed Services</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Roger_Wicker" title="Roger Wicker">Roger Wicker</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Banking,_Housing,_and_Urban_Affairs" title="United States Senate Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs">Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Tim_Scott" title="Tim Scott">Tim Scott</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_the_Budget" title="United States Senate Committee on the Budget">Budget</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Chuck_Grassley" title="Chuck Grassley">Chuck Grassley</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Commerce,_Science,_and_Transportation" title="United States Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation">Commerce, Science and Transportation</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Ted_Cruz" title="Ted Cruz">Ted Cruz</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Energy_and_Natural_Resources" title="United States Senate Committee on Energy and Natural Resources">Energy and Natural Resources</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/John_Barrasso" title="John Barrasso">John Barrasso</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Environment_and_Public_Works" title="United States Senate Committee on Environment and Public Works">Environment and Public Works</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Shelley_Moore_Capito" title="Shelley Moore Capito">Shelley Moore Capito</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Select_Committee_on_Ethics" title="United States Senate Select Committee on Ethics">Ethics (Select)</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/James_Lankford" title="James Lankford">James Lankford</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Finance" title="United States Senate Committee on Finance">Finance</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Mike_Crapo" title="Mike Crapo">Mike Crapo</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Foreign_Relations" title="United States Senate Committee on Foreign Relations">Foreign Relations</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Jim_Risch" title="Jim Risch">Jim Risch</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Health,_Education,_Labor_and_Pensions" title="United States Senate Committee on Health, Education, Labor and Pensions">Health, Education, Labor and Pensions</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Bill_Cassidy" title="Bill Cassidy">Bill Cassidy</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Homeland_Security_and_Governmental_Affairs" title="United States Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs">Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Rand_Paul" title="Rand Paul">Rand Paul</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Indian_Affairs" title="United States Senate Committee on Indian Affairs">Indian Affairs (Permanent Select)</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Lisa_Murkowski" title="Lisa Murkowski">Lisa Murkowski</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Select_Committee_on_Intelligence" title="United States Senate Select Committee on Intelligence">Intelligence (Select)</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Marco_Rubio" title="Marco Rubio">Marco Rubio</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/International_Narcotics_Control_Caucus" class="mw-redirect" title="International Narcotics Control Caucus">International Narcotics Control (Permanent Caucus)</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Chuck_Grassley" title="Chuck Grassley">Chuck Grassley</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_the_Judiciary" title="United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary">Judiciary</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Lindsey_Graham" title="Lindsey Graham">Lindsey Graham</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Rules_and_Administration" title="United States Senate Committee on Rules and Administration">Rules and Administration</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Deb_Fischer" title="Deb Fischer">Deb Fischer</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Small_Business_and_Entrepreneurship" title="United States Senate Committee on Small Business and Entrepreneurship">Small Business and Entrepreneurship</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Joni_Ernst" title="Joni Ernst">Joni Ernst</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Veterans%27_Affairs" title="United States Senate Committee on Veterans' Affairs">Veterans' Affairs</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Jerry_Moran" title="Jerry Moran">Jerry Moran</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Chairs_and_ranking_members_of_United_States_congressional_joint_committees" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:US_Joint_Chairs" title="Template:US Joint Chairs"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:US_Joint_Chairs" title="Template talk:US Joint Chairs"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:US_Joint_Chairs" title="Special:EditPage/Template:US Joint Chairs"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Chairs_and_ranking_members_of_United_States_congressional_joint_committees" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Chairs and <a href="/wiki/Ranking_member" title="Ranking member">ranking members</a> of <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_congressional_joint_committees" title="List of United States congressional joint committees">United States congressional joint committees</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd plainlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:100%;"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" style="font-weight:bold;">Chairs</td><td class="navbox-abovebelow" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;font-weight:bold;">Vice chairs</td><td class="navbox-abovebelow" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;font-weight:bold;">Ranking members</td><td class="navbox-abovebelow" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;font-weight:bold;">Vice ranking members</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;width:25%;"><div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Congressional-Executive_Commission_on_China" title="Congressional-Executive Commission on China">China (Congressional-Executive Commission)</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Chris_Smith_(New_Jersey_politician)" title="Chris Smith (New Jersey politician)">Chris Smith</a> (R-House)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/United_States_Congressional_Joint_Economic_Committee" title="United States Congressional Joint Economic Committee">Economic</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Martin_Heinrich" title="Martin Heinrich">Martin Heinrich</a> (D-Senate)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/United_States_Congressional_Joint_Committee_on_the_Library" title="United States Congressional Joint Committee on the Library">Library</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Amy_Klobuchar" title="Amy Klobuchar">Amy Klobuchar</a> (D-Senate)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/United_States_Congressional_Joint_Committee_on_Printing" title="United States Congressional Joint Committee on Printing">Printing</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Bryan_Steil" title="Bryan Steil">Bryan Steil</a> (R-House)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Commission_on_Security_and_Cooperation_in_Europe" title="Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe">Security and Cooperation (Helsinki Commission)</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Joe_Wilson_(American_politician)" title="Joe Wilson (American politician)">Joe Wilson</a> (R-House)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/United_States_Congressional_Joint_Committee_on_Taxation" title="United States Congressional Joint Committee on Taxation">Taxation</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Ron_Wyden" title="Ron Wyden">Ron Wyden</a> (D-Senate)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;width:25%;"><div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Congressional-Executive_Commission_on_China" title="Congressional-Executive Commission on China">China (Congressional-Executive Commission)</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Jeff_Merkley" title="Jeff Merkley">Jeff Merkley</a> (D-Senate)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/United_States_Congressional_Joint_Economic_Committee" title="United States Congressional Joint Economic Committee">Economic</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/David_Schweikert" title="David Schweikert">David Schweikert</a> (R-House)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/United_States_Congressional_Joint_Committee_on_the_Library" title="United States Congressional Joint Committee on the Library">Library</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Bryan_Steil" title="Bryan Steil">Bryan Steil</a> (R-House)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/United_States_Congressional_Joint_Committee_on_Printing" title="United States Congressional Joint Committee on Printing">Printing</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Amy_Klobuchar" title="Amy Klobuchar">Amy Klobuchar</a> (D-Senate)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Commission_on_Security_and_Cooperation_in_Europe" title="Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe">Security and Cooperation (Helsinki Commission)</a></b>: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ben Cardin</a> (D-Senate)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/United_States_Congressional_Joint_Committee_on_Taxation" title="United States Congressional Joint Committee on Taxation">Taxation</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Jason_Smith_(American_politician)" title="Jason Smith (American politician)">Jason Smith</a> (R-House)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;width:25%;"><div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Congressional-Executive_Commission_on_China" title="Congressional-Executive Commission on China">China (Congressional-Executive Commission)</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Marco_Rubio" title="Marco Rubio">Marco Rubio</a> (R-Senate)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/United_States_Congressional_Joint_Economic_Committee" title="United States Congressional Joint Economic Committee">Economic</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Don_Beyer" title="Don Beyer">Don Beyer</a> (D-House)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/United_States_Congressional_Joint_Committee_on_the_Library" title="United States Congressional Joint Committee on the Library">Library</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Joe_Morelle" class="mw-redirect" title="Joe Morelle">Joe Morelle</a> (D-House)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/United_States_Congressional_Joint_Committee_on_Printing" title="United States Congressional Joint Committee on Printing">Printing</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Deb_Fischer" title="Deb Fischer">Deb Fischer</a> (R-Senate)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Commission_on_Security_and_Cooperation_in_Europe" title="Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe">Security and Cooperation (Helsinki Commission)</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Roger_Wicker" title="Roger Wicker">Roger Wicker</a> (R-Senate)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/United_States_Congressional_Joint_Committee_on_Taxation" title="United States Congressional Joint Committee on Taxation">Taxation</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Richard_Neal" title="Richard Neal">Richard Neal</a> (D-House)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;width:25%;"><div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Congressional-Executive_Commission_on_China" title="Congressional-Executive Commission on China">China (Congressional-Executive Commission)</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Jim_McGovern_(American_politician)" title="Jim McGovern (American politician)">Jim McGovern</a> (D-House)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/United_States_Congressional_Joint_Economic_Committee" title="United States Congressional Joint Economic Committee">Economic</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Mike_Lee" title="Mike Lee">Mike Lee</a> (R-Senate)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/United_States_Congressional_Joint_Committee_on_the_Library" title="United States Congressional Joint Committee on the Library">Library</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Deb_Fischer" title="Deb Fischer">Deb Fischer</a> (R-Senate)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/United_States_Congressional_Joint_Committee_on_Printing" title="United States Congressional Joint Committee on Printing">Printing</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Joe_Morelle" class="mw-redirect" title="Joe Morelle">Joe Morelle</a> (D-House)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Commission_on_Security_and_Cooperation_in_Europe" title="Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe">Security and Cooperation (Helsinki Commission)</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Steve_Cohen_(politician)" title="Steve Cohen (politician)">Steve Cohen</a> (D-House)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/United_States_Congressional_Joint_Committee_on_Taxation" title="United States Congressional Joint Committee on Taxation">Taxation</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Mike_Crapo" title="Mike Crapo">Mike Crapo</a> (R-Senate)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Chairs_of_the_United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Foreign_Relations" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:US_Senate_Foreign_Relations_chairs" title="Template:US Senate Foreign Relations chairs"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:US_Senate_Foreign_Relations_chairs" title="Template talk:US Senate Foreign Relations chairs"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:US_Senate_Foreign_Relations_chairs" title="Special:EditPage/Template:US Senate Foreign Relations chairs"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Chairs_of_the_United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Foreign_Relations" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Chairs of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Foreign_Relations" title="United States Senate Committee on Foreign Relations">United States Senate Committee on Foreign Relations</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/James_Barbour" title="James Barbour">Barbour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_Macon" title="Nathaniel Macon">Macon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Brown_(Louisiana_politician)" title="James Brown (Louisiana politician)">Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Barbour" title="James Barbour">Barbour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rufus_King" title="Rufus King">R. King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Barbour" title="James Barbour">Barbour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_Macon" title="Nathaniel Macon">Macon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathan_Sanford" title="Nathan Sanford">Sanford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_Macon" title="Nathaniel Macon">Macon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Littleton_Waller_Tazewell" title="Littleton Waller Tazewell">Tazewell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Forsyth_(politician)" title="John Forsyth (politician)">Forsyth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Wilkins_(American_politician)" title="William Wilkins (American politician)">Wilkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Clay" title="Henry Clay">Clay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Buchanan" title="James Buchanan">Buchanan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Cabell_Rives" title="William Cabell Rives">Rives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_S._Archer" title="William S. Archer">Archer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Allen_(governor)" title="William Allen (governor)">Allen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambrose_Hundley_Sevier" class="mw-redirect" title="Ambrose Hundley Sevier">Sevier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_A._Hannegan" title="Edward A. Hannegan">Hannegan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hart_Benton_(politician)" title="Thomas Hart Benton (politician)">Benton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_R._King" title="William R. King">W. King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_S._Foote" title="Henry S. Foote">Foote</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_M._Mason" title="James M. Mason">Mason</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Sumner" title="Charles Sumner">Sumner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_Cameron" title="Simon Cameron">Cameron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hannibal_Hamlin" title="Hannibal Hamlin">Hamlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_W._Eaton" title="William W. Eaton">Eaton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambrose_Burnside" title="Ambrose Burnside">Burnside</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_F._Edmunds" title="George F. Edmunds">Edmunds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Windom" title="William Windom">Windom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Franklin_Miller_(senator)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Franklin Miller (senator)">Miller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Sherman" title="John Sherman">Sherman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_T._Morgan" title="John T. Morgan">Morgan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Sherman" title="John Sherman">Sherman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_P._Frye" title="William P. Frye">Frye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cushman_K._Davis" title="Cushman K. Davis">Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shelby_M._Cullom" title="Shelby M. Cullom">Cullom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augustus_O._Bacon" title="Augustus O. Bacon">Bacon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_J._Stone" title="William J. Stone">Stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilbert_Hitchcock" title="Gilbert Hitchcock">Hitchcock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Cabot_Lodge" title="Henry Cabot Lodge">Lodge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Borah" title="William Borah">Borah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Key_Pittman" title="Key Pittman">Pittman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_F._George" title="Walter F. George">George</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Connally" title="Tom Connally">Connally</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Vandenberg" title="Arthur Vandenberg">Vandenberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Connally" title="Tom Connally">Connally</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Wiley" title="Alexander Wiley">Wiley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_F._George" title="Walter F. George">George</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodore_F._Green" title="Theodore F. Green">Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._William_Fulbright" title="J. William Fulbright">Fulbright</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Sparkman" title="John Sparkman">Sparkman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Church" title="Frank Church">Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_H._Percy" title="Charles H. Percy">Percy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Lugar" title="Richard Lugar">Lugar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claiborne_Pell" title="Claiborne Pell">Pell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesse_Helms" title="Jesse Helms">Helms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Biden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesse_Helms" title="Jesse Helms">Helms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Biden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Lugar" title="Richard Lugar">Lugar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Biden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Kerry" title="John Kerry">Kerry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Menendez" title="Bob Menendez">Menendez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Corker" title="Bob Corker">Corker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Risch" title="Jim Risch">Risch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Menendez" title="Bob Menendez">Menendez</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cardin</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Seal of the United States Senate"><img alt="Seal of the United States Senate" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/80px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/120px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/160px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1030" data-file-height="1030" /></a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Chairs_of_the_United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Small_Business_and_Entrepreneurship" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:US_Senate_Small_Business_chairs" title="Template:US Senate Small Business chairs"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:US_Senate_Small_Business_chairs" title="Template talk:US Senate Small Business chairs"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:US_Senate_Small_Business_chairs" title="Special:EditPage/Template:US Senate Small Business chairs"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Chairs_of_the_United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Small_Business_and_Entrepreneurship" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Chairs of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Small_Business_and_Entrepreneurship" title="United States Senate Committee on Small Business and Entrepreneurship">United States Senate Committee on Small Business and Entrepreneurship</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Select Committee<br />(1950–1981)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Sparkman" title="John Sparkman">Sparkman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_J._Thye" title="Edward J. Thye">Thye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Sparkman" title="John Sparkman">Sparkman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Smathers" title="George Smathers">Smathers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Bible" title="Alan Bible">Bible</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaylord_Nelson" title="Gaylord Nelson">Nelson</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Seal of the United States Senate"><img alt="Seal of the United States Senate" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/80px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/120px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/160px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1030" data-file-height="1030" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Full Committee<br />(1981–)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lowell_Weicker" title="Lowell Weicker">Weicker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dale_Bumpers" title="Dale Bumpers">Bumpers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kit_Bond" title="Kit Bond">Bond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Kerry" title="John Kerry">Kerry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kit_Bond" title="Kit Bond">Bond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Kerry" title="John Kerry">Kerry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olympia_Snowe" title="Olympia Snowe">Snowe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Kerry" title="John Kerry">Kerry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Landrieu" title="Mary Landrieu">Landrieu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Cantwell" title="Maria Cantwell">Cantwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Vitter" title="David Vitter">Vitter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Risch" title="Jim Risch">Risch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marco_Rubio" title="Marco Rubio">Rubio</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cardin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeanne_Shaheen" title="Jeanne Shaheen">Shaheen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="United_States_senators_from_Maryland" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:United_States_senators_from_Maryland" title="Template:United States senators from Maryland"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:United_States_senators_from_Maryland" title="Template talk:United States senators from Maryland"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:United_States_senators_from_Maryland" title="Special:EditPage/Template:United States senators from Maryland"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="United_States_senators_from_Maryland" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Maryland" title="List of United States senators from Maryland">United States senators from Maryland</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Class 1</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Carroll_of_Carrollton" title="Charles Carroll of Carrollton">Carroll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Potts" title="Richard Potts">Potts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Eager_Howard" title="John Eager Howard">Howard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Smith_(Maryland_politician)" title="Samuel Smith (Maryland politician)">S. Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Goodloe_Harper" title="Robert Goodloe Harper">Harper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Contee_Hanson" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexander Contee Hanson">Hanson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Pinkney" title="William Pinkney">Pinkney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Smith_(Maryland_politician)" title="Samuel Smith (Maryland politician)">S. Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Kent" title="Joseph Kent">Kent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Duhurst_Merrick" title="William Duhurst Merrick">Merrick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reverdy_Johnson" title="Reverdy Johnson">Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Stewart_(Maryland_politician)" title="David Stewart (Maryland politician)">Stewart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Pratt_(Maryland_politician)" title="Thomas Pratt (Maryland politician)">Pratt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Kennedy_(Maryland_politician)" title="Anthony Kennedy (Maryland politician)">Kennedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reverdy_Johnson" title="Reverdy Johnson">Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Pinkney_Whyte" title="William Pinkney Whyte">Whyte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Thomas_Hamilton" class="mw-redirect" title="William Thomas Hamilton">Hamilton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Pinkney_Whyte" title="William Pinkney Whyte">Whyte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_P._Gorman" title="Arthur P. Gorman">Gorman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_E._McComas" title="Louis E. McComas">McComas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isidor_Rayner" title="Isidor Rayner">Rayner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_P._Jackson" title="William P. Jackson">Jackson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blair_Lee_I" title="Blair Lee I">Lee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_I._France" title="Joseph I. France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Cabell_Bruce" title="William Cabell Bruce">Bruce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phillips_Lee_Goldsborough" title="Phillips Lee Goldsborough">P. Goldsborough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_L._P._Radcliffe" title="George L. P. Radcliffe">Radcliffe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_O%27Conor" title="Herbert O'Conor">O'Conor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Glenn_Beall" title="J. Glenn Beall">Beall Sr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Tydings" title="Joseph Tydings">J. Tydings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Glenn_Beall_Jr." title="J. Glenn Beall Jr.">Beall Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Sarbanes" title="Paul Sarbanes">Sarbanes</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cardin</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="United States Senate"><img alt="United States Senate" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/80px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/120px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/160px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1030" data-file-height="1030" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Class 3</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Henry_(Maryland_politician)" title="John Henry (Maryland politician)">Henry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Lloyd_(Maryland_politician)" title="James Lloyd (Maryland politician)">J. Lloyd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Hindman" title="William Hindman">Hindman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Wright_(Maryland_politician)" title="Robert Wright (Maryland politician)">Wright</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_Reed_(politician)" title="Philip Reed (politician)">Reed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Henry_Goldsborough" title="Robert Henry Goldsborough">R. Goldsborough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Lloyd_(Governor_of_Maryland)" title="Edward Lloyd (Governor of Maryland)">E. Lloyd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ezekiel_F._Chambers" title="Ezekiel F. Chambers">Chambers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Henry_Goldsborough" title="Robert Henry Goldsborough">R. Goldsborough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_S._Spence" title="John S. Spence">Spence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Leeds_Kerr" title="John Leeds Kerr">Kerr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Pearce" title="James Pearce">Pearce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Holliday_Hicks" title="Thomas Holliday Hicks">Hicks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Creswell" title="John Creswell">Creswell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Vickers" title="George Vickers">Vickers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_R._Dennis" title="George R. Dennis">Dennis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Black_Groome" title="James Black Groome">Groome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ephraim_King_Wilson_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Ephraim King Wilson II">Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Hopper_Gibson" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles Hopper Gibson">Gibson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_L._Wellington" title="George L. Wellington">Wellington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_P._Gorman" title="Arthur P. Gorman">Gorman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Pinkney_Whyte" title="William Pinkney Whyte">Whyte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Walter_Smith" title="John Walter Smith">J. Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ovington_Weller" title="Ovington Weller">Weller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Millard_Tydings" title="Millard Tydings">M. Tydings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Marshall_Butler" title="John Marshall Butler">Butler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Brewster" title="Daniel Brewster">Brewster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Mathias" title="Charles Mathias">Mathias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Mikulski" title="Barbara Mikulski">Mikulski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chris_Van_Hollen" title="Chris Van Hollen">Van Hollen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Maryland&#039;s_delegation(s)_to_the_100th–present_United_States_Congresses_(ordered_by_seniority)" style="display:table;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:USCongRep-start" title="Template:USCongRep-start"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:USCongRep-start" title="Template talk:USCongRep-start"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:USCongRep-start" title="Special:EditPage/Template:USCongRep-start"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Maryland&#039;s_delegation(s)_to_the_100th–present_United_States_Congresses_(ordered_by_seniority)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland">Maryland</a>'s delegation(s) to the 100th–present <a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">United States Congresses</a> <span class="nowrap">(ordered by seniority)</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;border-width:0;"><div style="padding:0"> <table style="width:100%"> <tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/100th_United_States_Congress" title="100th United States Congress">100th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Maryland" title="List of United States senators from Maryland">Senate</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Paul_Sarbanes" title="Paul Sarbanes">P. Sarbanes</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Mikulski" title="Barbara Mikulski">B. Mikulski</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Maryland" title="List of United States representatives from Maryland">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Beverly_Byron" title="Beverly Byron">B. Byron</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Roy_Dyson" title="Roy Dyson">R. Dyson</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Steny_Hoyer" title="Steny Hoyer">S. Hoyer</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Helen_Delich_Bentley" title="Helen Delich Bentley">H. D. Bentley</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">B. Cardin</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Tom_McMillen" title="Tom McMillen">T. McMillen</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Kweisi_Mfume" title="Kweisi Mfume">K. Mfume</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Connie_Morella" title="Connie Morella">C. Morella</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/101st_United_States_Congress" title="101st United States Congress">101st</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Maryland" title="List of United States senators from Maryland">Senate</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Paul_Sarbanes" title="Paul Sarbanes">P. Sarbanes</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Mikulski" title="Barbara Mikulski">B. Mikulski</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Maryland" title="List of United States representatives from Maryland">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Beverly_Byron" title="Beverly Byron">B. Byron</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Roy_Dyson" title="Roy Dyson">R. Dyson</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Steny_Hoyer" title="Steny Hoyer">S. Hoyer</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Helen_Delich_Bentley" title="Helen Delich Bentley">H. D. Bentley</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">B. Cardin</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Tom_McMillen" title="Tom McMillen">T. McMillen</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Kweisi_Mfume" title="Kweisi Mfume">K. Mfume</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Connie_Morella" title="Connie Morella">C. Morella</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/102nd_United_States_Congress" title="102nd United States Congress">102nd</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Maryland" title="List of United States senators from Maryland">Senate</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Paul_Sarbanes" title="Paul Sarbanes">P. Sarbanes</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Mikulski" title="Barbara Mikulski">B. Mikulski</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Maryland" title="List of United States representatives from Maryland">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Beverly_Byron" title="Beverly Byron">B. Byron</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Steny_Hoyer" title="Steny Hoyer">S. Hoyer</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Helen_Delich_Bentley" title="Helen Delich Bentley">H. D. Bentley</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">B. Cardin</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Tom_McMillen" title="Tom McMillen">T. McMillen</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Kweisi_Mfume" title="Kweisi Mfume">K. Mfume</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Connie_Morella" title="Connie Morella">C. Morella</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Wayne_Gilchrest" title="Wayne Gilchrest">W. Gilchrest</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/103rd_United_States_Congress" title="103rd United States Congress">103rd</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Maryland" title="List of United States senators from Maryland">Senate</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Paul_Sarbanes" title="Paul Sarbanes">P. Sarbanes</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Mikulski" title="Barbara Mikulski">B. Mikulski</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Maryland" title="List of United States representatives from Maryland">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Steny_Hoyer" title="Steny Hoyer">S. Hoyer</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Helen_Delich_Bentley" title="Helen Delich Bentley">H. D. Bentley</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">B. Cardin</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Kweisi_Mfume" title="Kweisi Mfume">K. Mfume</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Connie_Morella" title="Connie Morella">C. Morella</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Wayne_Gilchrest" title="Wayne Gilchrest">W. Gilchrest</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Roscoe_Bartlett" title="Roscoe Bartlett">R. Bartlett</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Albert_Wynn" title="Albert Wynn">A. Wynn</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/104th_United_States_Congress" title="104th United States Congress">104th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Maryland" title="List of United States senators from Maryland">Senate</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Paul_Sarbanes" title="Paul Sarbanes">P. Sarbanes</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Mikulski" title="Barbara Mikulski">B. Mikulski</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Maryland" title="List of United States representatives from Maryland">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Steny_Hoyer" title="Steny Hoyer">S. Hoyer</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">B. Cardin</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Kweisi_Mfume" title="Kweisi Mfume"><i>K. Mfume</i></a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Connie_Morella" title="Connie Morella">C. Morella</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Wayne_Gilchrest" title="Wayne Gilchrest">W. Gilchrest</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Roscoe_Bartlett" title="Roscoe Bartlett">R. Bartlett</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Albert_Wynn" title="Albert Wynn">A. Wynn</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Bob_Ehrlich" title="Bob Ehrlich">B. Ehrlich</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Elijah_Cummings" title="Elijah Cummings"><i>E. Cummings</i></a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/105th_United_States_Congress" title="105th United States Congress">105th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Maryland" title="List of United States senators from Maryland">Senate</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Paul_Sarbanes" title="Paul Sarbanes">P. Sarbanes</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Mikulski" title="Barbara Mikulski">B. Mikulski</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Maryland" title="List of United States representatives from Maryland">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Steny_Hoyer" title="Steny Hoyer">S. Hoyer</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">B. Cardin</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Connie_Morella" title="Connie Morella">C. Morella</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Wayne_Gilchrest" title="Wayne Gilchrest">W. Gilchrest</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Roscoe_Bartlett" title="Roscoe Bartlett">R. Bartlett</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Albert_Wynn" title="Albert Wynn">A. Wynn</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Bob_Ehrlich" title="Bob Ehrlich">B. Ehrlich</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Elijah_Cummings" title="Elijah Cummings">E. Cummings</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/106th_United_States_Congress" title="106th United States Congress">106th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Maryland" title="List of United States senators from Maryland">Senate</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Paul_Sarbanes" title="Paul Sarbanes">P. Sarbanes</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Mikulski" title="Barbara Mikulski">B. Mikulski</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Maryland" title="List of United States representatives from Maryland">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Steny_Hoyer" title="Steny Hoyer">S. Hoyer</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">B. Cardin</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Connie_Morella" title="Connie Morella">C. Morella</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Wayne_Gilchrest" title="Wayne Gilchrest">W. Gilchrest</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Roscoe_Bartlett" title="Roscoe Bartlett">R. Bartlett</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Albert_Wynn" title="Albert Wynn">A. Wynn</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Bob_Ehrlich" title="Bob Ehrlich">B. Ehrlich</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Elijah_Cummings" title="Elijah Cummings">E. Cummings</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/107th_United_States_Congress" title="107th United States Congress">107th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Maryland" title="List of United States senators from Maryland">Senate</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Paul_Sarbanes" title="Paul Sarbanes">P. Sarbanes</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Mikulski" title="Barbara Mikulski">B. Mikulski</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Maryland" title="List of United States representatives from Maryland">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Steny_Hoyer" title="Steny Hoyer">S. Hoyer</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">B. Cardin</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Connie_Morella" title="Connie Morella">C. Morella</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Wayne_Gilchrest" title="Wayne Gilchrest">W. Gilchrest</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Roscoe_Bartlett" title="Roscoe Bartlett">R. Bartlett</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Albert_Wynn" title="Albert Wynn">A. Wynn</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Bob_Ehrlich" title="Bob Ehrlich">B. Ehrlich</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Elijah_Cummings" title="Elijah Cummings">E. Cummings</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/108th_United_States_Congress" title="108th United States Congress">108th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Maryland" title="List of United States senators from Maryland">Senate</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Paul_Sarbanes" title="Paul Sarbanes">P. Sarbanes</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Mikulski" title="Barbara Mikulski">B. Mikulski</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Maryland" title="List of United States representatives from Maryland">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Steny_Hoyer" title="Steny Hoyer">S. Hoyer</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">B. Cardin</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Wayne_Gilchrest" title="Wayne Gilchrest">W. Gilchrest</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Roscoe_Bartlett" title="Roscoe Bartlett">R. Bartlett</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Albert_Wynn" title="Albert Wynn">A. Wynn</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Elijah_Cummings" title="Elijah Cummings">E. Cummings</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Dutch_Ruppersberger" title="Dutch Ruppersberger">D. Ruppersberger</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Chris_Van_Hollen" title="Chris Van Hollen">C. Van Hollen</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/109th_United_States_Congress" title="109th United States Congress">109th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Maryland" title="List of United States senators from Maryland">Senate</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Paul_Sarbanes" title="Paul Sarbanes">P. Sarbanes</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Mikulski" title="Barbara Mikulski">B. Mikulski</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Maryland" title="List of United States representatives from Maryland">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Steny_Hoyer" title="Steny Hoyer">S. Hoyer</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">B. Cardin</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Wayne_Gilchrest" title="Wayne Gilchrest">W. Gilchrest</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Roscoe_Bartlett" title="Roscoe Bartlett">R. Bartlett</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Albert_Wynn" title="Albert Wynn">A. Wynn</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Elijah_Cummings" title="Elijah Cummings">E. Cummings</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Dutch_Ruppersberger" title="Dutch Ruppersberger">D. Ruppersberger</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Chris_Van_Hollen" title="Chris Van Hollen">C. Van Hollen</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/110th_United_States_Congress" title="110th United States Congress">110th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Maryland" title="List of United States senators from Maryland">Senate</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Mikulski" title="Barbara Mikulski">B. Mikulski</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">B. Cardin</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Maryland" title="List of United States representatives from Maryland">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Steny_Hoyer" title="Steny Hoyer">S. Hoyer</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Wayne_Gilchrest" title="Wayne Gilchrest">W. Gilchrest</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Roscoe_Bartlett" title="Roscoe Bartlett">R. Bartlett</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Albert_Wynn" title="Albert Wynn"><i>A. Wynn</i></a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Elijah_Cummings" title="Elijah Cummings">E. Cummings</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Dutch_Ruppersberger" title="Dutch Ruppersberger">D. Ruppersberger</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Chris_Van_Hollen" title="Chris Van Hollen">C. Van Hollen</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_Sarbanes" title="John Sarbanes">J. Sarbanes</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Donna_Edwards" title="Donna Edwards"><i>D. Edwards</i></a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/111th_United_States_Congress" title="111th United States Congress">111th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Maryland" title="List of United States senators from Maryland">Senate</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Mikulski" title="Barbara Mikulski">B. Mikulski</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">B. Cardin</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Maryland" title="List of United States representatives from Maryland">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Steny_Hoyer" title="Steny Hoyer">S. Hoyer</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Roscoe_Bartlett" title="Roscoe Bartlett">R. Bartlett</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Elijah_Cummings" title="Elijah Cummings">E. Cummings</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Dutch_Ruppersberger" title="Dutch Ruppersberger">D. Ruppersberger</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Chris_Van_Hollen" title="Chris Van Hollen">C. Van Hollen</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_Sarbanes" title="John Sarbanes">J. Sarbanes</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Donna_Edwards" title="Donna Edwards">D. Edwards</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Frank_Kratovil" title="Frank Kratovil">F. Kratovil</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/112th_United_States_Congress" title="112th United States Congress">112th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Maryland" title="List of United States senators from Maryland">Senate</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Mikulski" title="Barbara Mikulski">B. Mikulski</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">B. Cardin</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Maryland" title="List of United States representatives from Maryland">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Steny_Hoyer" title="Steny Hoyer">S. Hoyer</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Roscoe_Bartlett" title="Roscoe Bartlett">R. Bartlett</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Elijah_Cummings" title="Elijah Cummings">E. Cummings</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Dutch_Ruppersberger" title="Dutch Ruppersberger">D. Ruppersberger</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Chris_Van_Hollen" title="Chris Van Hollen">C. Van Hollen</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_Sarbanes" title="John Sarbanes">J. Sarbanes</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Donna_Edwards" title="Donna Edwards">D. Edwards</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Andy_Harris_(politician)" title="Andy Harris (politician)">A. Harris</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/113th_United_States_Congress" title="113th United States Congress">113th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Maryland" title="List of United States senators from Maryland">Senate</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Mikulski" title="Barbara Mikulski">B. Mikulski</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">B. Cardin</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Maryland" title="List of United States representatives from Maryland">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Steny_Hoyer" title="Steny Hoyer">S. Hoyer</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Elijah_Cummings" title="Elijah Cummings">E. Cummings</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Dutch_Ruppersberger" title="Dutch Ruppersberger">D. Ruppersberger</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Chris_Van_Hollen" title="Chris Van Hollen">C. Van Hollen</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_Sarbanes" title="John Sarbanes">J. Sarbanes</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Donna_Edwards" title="Donna Edwards">D. Edwards</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Andy_Harris_(politician)" title="Andy Harris (politician)">A. Harris</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_Delaney_(Maryland_politician)" title="John Delaney (Maryland politician)">J. Delaney</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/114th_United_States_Congress" title="114th United States Congress">114th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Maryland" title="List of United States senators from Maryland">Senate</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Mikulski" title="Barbara Mikulski">B. Mikulski</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">B. Cardin</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Maryland" title="List of United States representatives from Maryland">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Steny_Hoyer" title="Steny Hoyer">S. Hoyer</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Elijah_Cummings" title="Elijah Cummings">E. Cummings</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Dutch_Ruppersberger" title="Dutch Ruppersberger">D. Ruppersberger</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Chris_Van_Hollen" title="Chris Van Hollen">C. Van Hollen</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_Sarbanes" title="John Sarbanes">J. Sarbanes</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Donna_Edwards" title="Donna Edwards">D. Edwards</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Andy_Harris_(politician)" title="Andy Harris (politician)">A. Harris</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_Delaney_(Maryland_politician)" title="John Delaney (Maryland politician)">J. Delaney</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/115th_United_States_Congress" title="115th United States Congress">115th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Maryland" title="List of United States senators from Maryland">Senate</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">B. Cardin</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Chris_Van_Hollen" title="Chris Van Hollen">C. Van Hollen</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Maryland" title="List of United States representatives from Maryland">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Steny_Hoyer" title="Steny Hoyer">S. Hoyer</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Elijah_Cummings" title="Elijah Cummings">E. Cummings</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Dutch_Ruppersberger" title="Dutch Ruppersberger">D. Ruppersberger</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_Sarbanes" title="John Sarbanes">J. Sarbanes</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Andy_Harris_(politician)" title="Andy Harris (politician)">A. Harris</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_Delaney_(Maryland_politician)" title="John Delaney (Maryland politician)">J. Delaney</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Brown_(Maryland_politician)" title="Anthony Brown (Maryland politician)">A. Brown</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Jamie_Raskin" title="Jamie Raskin">J. Raskin</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/116th_United_States_Congress" title="116th United States Congress">116th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Maryland" title="List of United States senators from Maryland">Senate</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">B. Cardin</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Chris_Van_Hollen" title="Chris Van Hollen">C. Van Hollen</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Maryland" title="List of United States representatives from Maryland">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Steny_Hoyer" title="Steny Hoyer">S. Hoyer</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Elijah_Cummings" title="Elijah Cummings"><i>E. Cummings</i></a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Dutch_Ruppersberger" title="Dutch Ruppersberger">D. Ruppersberger</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_Sarbanes" title="John Sarbanes">J. Sarbanes</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Kweisi_Mfume" title="Kweisi Mfume"><i>K. Mfume</i></a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Andy_Harris_(politician)" title="Andy Harris (politician)">A. Harris</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Brown_(Maryland_politician)" title="Anthony Brown (Maryland politician)">A. Brown</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Jamie_Raskin" title="Jamie Raskin">J. Raskin</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/David_Trone" title="David Trone">D. Trone</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/117th_United_States_Congress" title="117th United States Congress">117th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Maryland" title="List of United States senators from Maryland">Senate</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">B. Cardin</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Chris_Van_Hollen" title="Chris Van Hollen">C. Van Hollen</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Maryland" title="List of United States representatives from Maryland">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Steny_Hoyer" title="Steny Hoyer">S. Hoyer</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Dutch_Ruppersberger" title="Dutch Ruppersberger">D. Ruppersberger</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_Sarbanes" title="John Sarbanes">J. Sarbanes</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Kweisi_Mfume" title="Kweisi Mfume">K. Mfume</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Andy_Harris_(politician)" title="Andy Harris (politician)">A. Harris</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Brown_(Maryland_politician)" title="Anthony Brown (Maryland politician)">A. Brown</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Jamie_Raskin" title="Jamie Raskin">J. Raskin</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/David_Trone" title="David Trone">D. Trone</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/118th_United_States_Congress" title="118th United States Congress">118th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Maryland" title="List of United States senators from Maryland">Senate</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">B. Cardin</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Chris_Van_Hollen" title="Chris Van Hollen">C. Van Hollen</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Maryland" title="List of United States representatives from Maryland">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Steny_Hoyer" title="Steny Hoyer">S. Hoyer</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Dutch_Ruppersberger" title="Dutch Ruppersberger">D. Ruppersberger</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_Sarbanes" title="John Sarbanes">J. Sarbanes</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Kweisi_Mfume" title="Kweisi Mfume">K. Mfume</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Andy_Harris_(politician)" title="Andy Harris (politician)">A. Harris</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Jamie_Raskin" title="Jamie Raskin">J. Raskin</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/David_Trone" title="David Trone">D. Trone</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Glenn_Ivey" title="Glenn Ivey">G. Ivey</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q723295#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div 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