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袩褉械邪屑斜褍谢邪 | 袪褍屑褟薪褑械胁褋泻懈泄 屑褍蟹械泄
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href="/portal/sites/default/files/css/css_LFe8Bifl9St-whSU3JosfC5pzQFqoX6sC_SVauUDUtc.css?delta=0&language=ru&theme=xara&include=eJxVy0EKwCAMBMAPWfKmKDEVtkZMDvH3hd56HZjkzaRmCuk2w2GNUfx4yEOVXUrckqSwyrg8DsbUkt_6Wx8I2dR4xbD5Av9uImM" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/portal/sites/default/files/css/css_tTmsGmrn4E_wnD7xb0fFffZ0_zFGzmFK47LKu2KLDak.css?delta=1&language=ru&theme=xara&include=eJxVy0EKwCAMBMAPWfKmKDEVtkZMDvH3hd56HZjkzaRmCuk2w2GNUfx4yEOVXUrckqSwyrg8DsbUkt_6Wx8I2dR4xbD5Av9uImM" /> </head> <body class="homepage page-type--titleart no-sidebar"> <a href="#main-content" class="visually-hidden focusable"> 袩械褉械泄褌懈 泻 芯褋薪芯胁薪芯屑褍 褋芯写械褉卸邪薪懈褞 </a> <div class="dialog-off-canvas-main-canvas" data-off-canvas-main-canvas> <header class="header"> <div class="header-main"> <div class="container"> <div class="header-container"> <div class="site-brand"> <div class="block-region region-header"> <div id="block-xara-branding" class="block"> <div class="block-content"> <div 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class="block"> <div class="block-content"> <article data-history-node-id="1" class="node node-type--titleart node-promoted node-view-mode-full"> <header class="node-header"> <div class="node-submitted-details"> <div class="node-author"> <i class="ficon-user user-icon"></i> <span><span>袙褟褔械褋谢邪胁 袪褍屑褟薪褑械胁</span></span> </div><div><i class="ficon-calendar"></i> 23 Jan 2011 </div> </div> </header> <div class="node-content"> <div class="field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field-item"><p> </p> <p></p><figure role="group" class="caption align-center"> <img alt="袚械芯褉谐懈泄 袩芯斜械写芯薪芯褋械褑 XVII 胁械泻. 袛械褉械胁褟薪薪邪褟 褋泻褍谢褜锌褌褍褉邪." data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="237d0cf0-e039-4ee7-acab-c9f12d9500e5" height="446" src="/portal/sites/default/files/inline-images/pobedonosec.jpg" width="354" loading="lazy"> <figcaption><em>袚械芯褉谐懈泄 袩芯斜械写芯薪芯褋械褑<strong> </strong>XVII 胁械泻. 袛械褉械胁褟薪薪邪褟 褋泻褍谢褜锌褌褍褉邪.</em></figcaption> </figure> <br> <p class="text-align-justify">袘懈斜谢懈芯褌械泻邪 啸袪袨袧袨小邪 ("袪褍屑褟薪褑械胁褋泻懈泄 屑褍蟹械泄") 薪械 褋邪屑邪褟 芯斜褕懈褉薪邪褟 懈蟹 邪薪邪谢芯谐懈褔薪褘褏 褝谢械泻褌褉芯薪薪褘褏 褋芯斜褉邪薪懈泄, 褌邪泻 泻邪泻 懈蟹薪邪褔邪谢褜薪芯 褟 锌芯写斜懈褉邪谢 锌褉械懈屑褍褖械褋褌胁械薪薪芯 褌械泻褋褌褘, 褋褌褉芯谐芯 褋芯芯褌胁械褌褋褌胁褍褞褖懈械 泻芯薪褑械锌褑懈懈 锌褉芯械泻褌邪 (邪 懈屑械薪薪芯, 泻邪泻 写芯锌芯谢薪械薪懈械 泻 斜懈芯谐褉邪褎懈褔械褋泻懈屑 屑邪褌械褉懈邪谢邪屑, 泻 芯锌懈褋邪薪懈褟屑 褋芯斜褘褌懈泄 懈 锌褉.). 袩芯蟹卸械 锌芯 屑械褉械 锌芯锌芯谢薪械薪懈褟 锌芯写斜芯褉泻懈 褝谢械泻褌褉芯薪薪褘褏 褌械泻褋褌芯胁 褝褌懈屑 锌褉懈薪褑懈锌芯屑 锌褉懈褕谢芯褋褜 锌芯褋褌褍锌懈褌褜褋褟, 芯褋芯斜械薪薪芯 锌芯褋谢械 褌芯谐芯, 泻邪泻 斜械褋褋谢械写薪芯 懈褋褔械蟹谢芯 懈蟹 褋械褌懈 薪械褋泻芯谢褜泻芯 写械褋褟褌泻芯胁 蟹邪屑械褔邪褌械谢褜薪褘褏 褋邪泄褌芯胁, 褋谢邪胁懈胁褕懈褏褋褟 懈屑械薪薪芯 泻芯谢谢械泻褑懈褟屑懈 胁懈褉褌褍邪谢褜薪褘褏 泻薪懈谐 锌芯 懈褋褌芯褉懈褔械褋泻芯泄 褌械屑邪褌懈泻械. 袛芯 褋懈褏 锌芯褉 卸邪谢械褞, 褔褌芯 薪械 褋泻芯锌懈褉芯胁邪谢 褏芯褌褟 斜褘 薪邪 谢芯泻邪谢褜薪褘泄 写懈褋泻 胁褋械 褌械 泻薪懈卸薪褘械 褋芯泻褉芯胁懈褖邪, 泻芯褌芯褉褘械 褌邪屑 褔懈褌邪谢. 袩芯写褍屑邪褌褜 褌芯谢褜泻芯, 褋褌芯谢褜泻芯 褌褉褍写邪 胁谢芯卸械薪芯 胁 褋泻邪薪懈褉芯胁邪薪懈械 懈 褉邪褋锌芯蟹薪邪胁邪薪懈械 褌械泻褋褌芯胁, 胁 懈褏 胁褘褔懈褌泻褍, 褎芯褉屑邪褌懈褉芯胁邪薪懈械 胁 HTML-泻芯写械... 袠 芯薪懈 泻邪薪褍谢懈 胁 薪械斜褘褌懈械. 袚写械 懈褏 褌械锌械褉褜 胁蟹褟褌褜?! 袧褘薪械 褋褌邪褉邪褞褋褜 泻芯锌懈褉芯胁邪褌褜 褌械 褑懈褎褉芯胁褘械 泻薪懈卸泻懈, 泻芯褌芯褉褘械 屑芯谐褍褌 锌褉械写褋褌邪胁谢褟褌褜 懈薪褌械褉械褋 写谢褟 褔懈褌邪褌械谢褟 锌褉芯械泻褌邪, 械褋褌械褋褌胁械薪薪芯, 褍泻邪蟹褘胁邪褟 懈褋褌芯褔薪懈泻 褑懈褌懈褉芯胁邪薪懈褟, 泻邪泻 懈 锌褉懈薪褟褌芯 写械谢邪褌褜 锌褉懈 褉邪褋锌褉芯褋褌褉邪薪械薪懈懈 懈薪褎芯褉屑邪褑懈懈 胁 懈薪褌械褉薪械褌械. 小邪屑 褟 芯斜褕懈褉薪褘械 褌械泻褋褌褘 写邪胁薪芯 褍卸 薪械 褋泻邪薪懈褉褍褞 (褏芯褌褟 懈褋褌芯褉懈泻懈-写芯斜褉芯卸械谢邪褌械谢懈 懈薪芯泄 褉邪蟹 锌褉懈薪芯褋褟褌 斜褍屑邪卸薪褘械 泻薪懈卸泻懈 - 锌褉械写谢邪谐邪褞褌 屑薪械 芯褌褋泻邪薪懈褉芯胁邪褌褜 懈 胁褘谢芯卸懈褌褜 薪邪 褋邪泄褌), 胁褉械屑褟 懈 褋懈谢褘 褍褏芯写褟褌 薪邪 写褉褍谐褍褞 褉邪斜芯褌褍, 泻芯褌芯褉邪褟 斜芯谢械械 褝褎褎械泻褌懈胁薪芯 锌芯胁褘褕邪褞褌 泻邪褔械褋褌胁芯 啸袪袨袧袨小邪 - 薪邪 锌芯锌芯谢薪械薪懈械 褋锌褉邪胁芯褔薪芯泄 褔邪褋褌懈 锌褉芯械泻褌邪: 袠褋褌芯褉懈褔械褋泻芯泄 褝薪褑懈泻谢芯锌械写懈懈 啸袪袨袧袨小邪, 斜懈芯谐褉邪褎懈褔械褋泻芯谐芯 褍泻邪蟹邪褌械谢褟, 芯锌懈褋邪薪懈泄 褋芯斜褘褌懈泄 懈 褌. 写. 袩芯褝褌芯屑褍 泻邪卸写褘泄 褔懈褌邪褌械谢褜, 泻芯褌芯褉褘泄 卸械谢邪谢 斜褘 锌褉懈芯斜褖懈褌褜褋褟 泻 胁械褔薪芯褋褌懈, 芯褋褌邪胁懈褌褜 褋谢械写 胁 屑懈褉芯胁芯屑 胁懈褉褌褍邪谢褜薪芯屑 锌褉芯褋褌褉邪薪褋褌胁械, 褌邪泻褍褞 胁芯蟹屑芯卸薪芯褋褌褜 懈屑械械褌: 锌褉懈褋褘谢邪泄褌械 锌芯写谐芯褌芯胁谢械薪薪褘械 胁邪屑懈 懈褋褌芯褉懈褔械褋泻懈械 褌械泻褋褌褘 (胁 褌械屑械 锌懈褋褜屑邪 写械谢邪泄褌械 锌芯屑械褌泻褍 libris). 袟邪 写械褋褟褌懈谢械褌懈械 褋褍褖械褋褌胁芯胁邪薪懈褟 啸袪袨袧袨小邪 屑薪芯谐懈械 屑芯懈 褋芯邪胁褌芯褉褘 褍卸械 锌芯写谐芯褌芯胁懈谢懈 懈 锌褉懈褋谢邪谢懈 褉褟写 泻薪懈谐, 锌褉械写褋褌邪胁谢褟褞褖懈褏 懈褋褌芯褉懈褔械褋泻褍褞 褑械薪薪芯褋褌褜. 袩芯谢邪谐邪褞, 褔褌芯 褟 胁褘褉邪卸邪褞 懈屑 斜谢邪谐芯写邪褉薪芯褋褌褜 薪械 褌芯谢褜泻芯 谢懈褔薪芯 芯褌 褋械斜褟, 薪芯 懈 芯褌 褌褘褋褟褔 褔懈褌邪褌械谢械泄-锌芯褋械褌懈褌械谢械泄 锌褉芯械泻褌邪. 袧懈卸械 锌褉械写谢邪谐邪褞 胁邪屑 褉褟写 懈褋褌芯褉懈褔械褋泻懈褏 懈蟹写邪薪懈泄 胁 褝谢械泻褌褉芯薪薪芯屑 胁懈写械 (胁 芯褌写械谢褜薪芯屑 褉邪蟹写械谢械 械褋褌褜 懈 褏褍写芯卸械褋褌胁械薪薪褘械 锌褉芯懈蟹胁械写械薪懈褟), 邪 褌邪泻卸械 褋锌懈褋泻懈 褉械泻芯屑械薪写褍械屑芯泄 谢懈褌械褉邪褌褍褉褘 (锌芯泻邪 锌褉械懈屑褍褖械褋褌胁械薪薪芯 斜褍屑邪卸薪芯泄) 锌芯 褉邪蟹谢懈褔薪褘屑 锌械褉懈芯写邪屑 懈褋褌芯褉懈懈 (械褋褌褜 械褖械 锌芯 锌械写邪谐芯谐懈泻械 懈 屑械褌芯写懈泻械 锌褉械锌芯写邪胁邪薪懈褟). 效懈褌邪泄褌械, 薪邪褋谢邪卸写邪泄褌械褋褜 懈 胁芯褋褋褌邪薪邪胁谢懈胁邪泄褌械 锌芯写芯褉胁邪薪薪褍褞 蟹邪 锌芯褋谢械写薪械械 写械褋褟褌懈谢械褌懈械 懈褋褌芯褉懈褔械褋泻褍褞 锌邪屑褟褌褜 薪邪褉芯写邪, 褔邪褋褌褜褞 泻芯褌芯褉芯谐芯 - 褟 薪邪写械褞褋褜 - 胁褘 褟胁谢褟械褌械褋褜.</p> <p class="text-align-justify"> </p> <h2>袘袠袘袥袠袨孝袝袣袗</h2> <h5><a href="../../lib_a/index.php">袗: 袗泄蟹邪褌褍谢谢懈薪, 袗泻褋邪泻芯胁, 袗谢写邪薪芯胁...</a></h5> <p> </p> <h5><a href="../../lib_b/index.php">袘: 袘邪卸邪薪芯胁, 袘邪蟹邪褉薪褘泄, 袘邪蟹懈谢懈...</a></h5> <p> </p> <h5><a href="../../lib_we/index.php">袙: 袙邪褋懈谢褜械胁, 袙胁械写械薪褋泻懈泄, 袙械褉薪邪写褋泻懈泄...</a></h5> <p> </p> <h5><a href="../../lib_g/index.php">袚: 袚邪胁褉懈懈谢, 袚邪谢邪泻褌懈芯薪芯胁邪, 袚邪薪懈薪, 袚邪锌芯薪...</a></h5> <p> </p> <h5><a href="../../lib_d/index.php">袛: 袛邪胁褘写芯胁, 袛邪薪, 袛邪薪懈谢械胁褋泻懈泄, 袛械斜芯谢褜褋泻懈泄...</a></h5> <p> </p> <h5><a href="../../lib_ye/index.php">袝, 衼: 袝谢懈蟹邪褉芯胁邪, 袝褉屑芯谢芯胁, 袝褉屑褍褕懈薪...</a></h5> <p> </p> <h5><a href="../../lib_zh/index.php">袞: 袞懈写, 袞褍泻芯胁, 袞褍褉邪胁械谢褜...</a></h5> <p> </p> <h5><a 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