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Photography in Albania - Wikipedia

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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Marubi_%28Di_Donato_standing_photo%29.jpg/175px-Marubi_%28Di_Donato_standing_photo%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="175" height="231" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Marubi_%28Di_Donato_standing_photo%29.jpg/263px-Marubi_%28Di_Donato_standing_photo%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Marubi_%28Di_Donato_standing_photo%29.jpg/350px-Marubi_%28Di_Donato_standing_photo%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="630" data-file-height="830" /></a><figcaption>This image of Italian consul Alessandro De Rege di Donato, who served in Shkodër from February 20, 1881 to February 18, 1886 is one of the earliest preserved photographs in Albania (c. Pietro Marubi).</figcaption></figure> <p>The history of <b>photography in <a href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania">Albania</a></b> begins with the Marubi Dynasty and its founder <a href="/wiki/Pietro_Marubi" title="Pietro Marubi">Pietro Marubi</a> (1834–1903), who settled in the northwestern city of <a href="/wiki/Shkod%C3%ABr" title="Shkodër">Shkodër</a> from <a href="/wiki/Piacenza" title="Piacenza">Piacenza</a>, <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> during the second half of the nineteenth century and opened the first photography studio there in 1858.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Having no children of his own, Marubi's first assistants and faithful successors were <a href="/wiki/Mati_Kodheli" title="Mati Kodheli">Mati</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kel_Marubi" title="Kel Marubi">Kel Kodheli</a>, the sons of his gardener Rrok Kodheli. Pietro sent Mati, the elder of the two brothers, to study photography at the <a href="/wiki/Franz_Benque" title="Franz Benque">Sebastianutti &amp; Benque</a> studio in <a href="/wiki/Trieste" title="Trieste">Trieste</a>. When Mati died prematurely at age nineteen, in 1881, Pietro adopted Kel, whom he also sent to Italy to study and who would later assume the surname Marubi. Upon Pietro's death in 1903, Kel inherited his adopted father's studio and continued its work. He, in turn, was followed into business by his own son, <a href="/wiki/Geg_Marubi" title="Geg Marubi">Geg Marubi</a>, who studied photography and cinematography in <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Auguste_and_Louis_Lumi%C3%A8re" title="Auguste and Louis Lumière">Lumière brothers</a>’ studio.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>With the onset of Communist rule in the 1940s, when every private enterprise was prohibited by law, Geg Marubi was forced to turn over his family’s archive to the state. Other photo studios that had opened in Albania over the course of the same decades, including Dritëshkroja e Kolës (1886), Fotografija Pici (1924), Foto Jakova (1932), and Foto Rraboshta (1943), also had to relinquish their images. From these combined sources, the Marubi Photothèque was founded as a division of the Historical Museum of Shkodër. It remained a part of this museum until 2003, when it became an autonomous institution.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Its successor, the <a href="/wiki/National_Museum_of_Photography_%22Marubi%22" class="mw-redirect" title="National Museum of Photography &quot;Marubi&quot;">National Museum of Photography "Marubi"</a> and Albania’s first photography museum, opened on May 9, 2016. The core of its collection consists of what was formerly the contents of the Marubi Photothèque. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Muzeu_Marubi.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Muzeu_Marubi.jpg/220px-Muzeu_Marubi.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Muzeu_Marubi.jpg/330px-Muzeu_Marubi.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Muzeu_Marubi.jpg/440px-Muzeu_Marubi.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a><figcaption>Marubi Museum hosts a vast collection of more than 500,000 photographs dating back to 1856.</figcaption></figure> <p>The Marubi museum preserves and promotes a collection of more than 500,000 negatives dating from the second half of the nineteenth century to the end of the twentieth century. The Marubi family archive, along with archives of many other photographers in the museum’s holdings document pivotal moments in Albanian social, cultural, and political life over the course of a century and a half. </p><p>The pre-war period is often regarded as the "golden age" of Albanian photography. Other well-known photographers of this time include Dhimitër Vangjeli, Vani Burda, Kristo Sulidhi, Pero Kaçauni, Kolë Maca, Kristaq Sotiri, Foti Papajani, Dedë Jakova, Ali Bakiu, Petro Dhimitri, Manaqi Brothers, Lilo Xhimitiku, Ymer Bali, Shan Pici, Pjetër Rraboshta and others. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Post-war_period">Post-war period</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Photography_in_Albania&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section: Post-war period"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Socialist_Republic_of_Albania" title="People&#39;s Socialist Republic of Albania">Communist Albania</a>, photography was commissioned by the state. The central institution responsible for producing and archiving images was the <a href="/wiki/Albanian_Telegraphic_Agency" title="Albanian Telegraphic Agency">Albanian Telegraphic Agency</a> which had a photographic laboratory as early as 1947. The first photojournalists of this era included Vasil Ristani and Mehmet Kallfa. In the late 1950s, <a href="/wiki/Pioneers_of_Enver" title="Pioneers of Enver">pioneer homes</a>, at least in Tirana, offered photography courses. During the 1960s, "Ylli" magazine, which at the time served as the showcase of Albanian photography, organized a photography competition every year that was open to both professionals and amateurs.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Photography_in_Albania&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Albanian_photographers" title="List of Albanian photographers">List of Albanian photographers</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Photography_in_Albania&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFVrioni2009" class="citation book cs1">Vrioni, Qerim (2009). <i>150 Vjet Fotografi Shqiptare</i>. Sarandë: Shtëpia Botuese "Milosao". p.&#160;129. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789995615147" title="Special:BookSources/9789995615147"><bdi>9789995615147</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/574856123">574856123</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=150+Vjet+Fotografi+Shqiptare&amp;rft.place=Sarand%C3%AB&amp;rft.pages=129&amp;rft.pub=Sht%C3%ABpia+Botuese+%22Milosao%22&amp;rft.date=2009&amp;rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F574856123&amp;rft.isbn=9789995615147&amp;rft.aulast=Vrioni&amp;rft.aufirst=Qerim&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhotography+in+Albania" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLuçjan_Bedeni" class="citation web cs1">Luçjan Bedeni. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://post.at.moma.org/content_items/1416-marubi-arkivi-qe-po-e-ndryshon-historine-e-fotografise-ne-shqiperi">"Marubi, arkivi që po e ndryshon historinë e fotografisë në Shqipëri"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 September</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Marubi%2C+arkivi+q%C3%AB+po+e+ndryshon+historin%C3%AB+e+fotografis%C3%AB+n%C3%AB+Shqip%C3%ABri&amp;rft.au=Lu%C3%A7jan+Bedeni&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpost.at.moma.org%2Fcontent_items%2F1416-marubi-arkivi-qe-po-e-ndryshon-historine-e-fotografise-ne-shqiperi&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhotography+in+Albania" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChauvin2011" class="citation book cs1">Chauvin, Loïc (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=SfEgn_mn2d0C&amp;q=albania+a+photographic+journey&amp;pg=PA3"><i>Albania, a Photographic Journey: 1858-1945</i></a>. Paris: Ecrits de lumière. p.&#160;128. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-2953866919" title="Special:BookSources/978-2953866919"><bdi>978-2953866919</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Albania%2C+a+Photographic+Journey%3A+1858-1945&amp;rft.place=Paris&amp;rft.pages=128&amp;rft.pub=Ecrits+de+lumi%C3%A8re&amp;rft.date=2011&amp;rft.isbn=978-2953866919&amp;rft.aulast=Chauvin&amp;rft.aufirst=Lo%C3%AFc&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DSfEgn_mn2d0C%26q%3Dalbania%2Ba%2Bphotographic%2Bjourney%26pg%3DPA3&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhotography+in+Albania" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00879559/document">Fotografia Shqiptare në kohën e ekspeditës</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Europe_topic" title="Template:Europe topic"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Europe_topic" title="Template talk:Europe topic"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Europe_topic" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Europe topic"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Photography_in_Europe" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Photography in Europe</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sovereign states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Photography_in_Andorra&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Photography in Andorra (page does not exist)">Andorra</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Photography_in_Armenia&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Photography in Armenia (page does not exist)">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Photography_in_Austria&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Photography in Austria (page does not exist)">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Photography_in_Azerbaijan&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Photography in Azerbaijan (page does not exist)">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Photography_in_Belarus&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Photography in Belarus (page does not exist)">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Photography_in_Belgium&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Photography in Belgium (page does not exist)">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Photography_in_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Photography in Bosnia and Herzegovina (page does not exist)">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Photography_in_Bulgaria&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Photography in Bulgaria (page does not exist)">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Photography_in_Croatia&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Photography in Croatia (page does not exist)">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Photography_in_Cyprus&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Photography in Cyprus (page does not exist)">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Photography_in_the_Czech_Republic&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Photography in the Czech Republic (page does not exist)">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photography_in_Denmark" title="Photography in Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Photography_in_Estonia&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Photography in Estonia (page does not exist)">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Photography_in_Finland&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Photography in Finland (page does not exist)">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Photography_in_France&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Photography in France (page does not exist)">France</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Photography_in_Georgia_(country)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Photography in Georgia (country) (page does not exist)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Photography_in_Germany&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Photography in Germany (page does not exist)">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photography_in_Greece" title="Photography in Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Photography_in_Hungary&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Photography in Hungary (page does not exist)">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Photography_in_Iceland&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Photography in Iceland (page does not exist)">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Photography_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Photography in the Republic of Ireland (page does not exist)">Ireland</a></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Photography_in_Italy&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Photography in Italy (page does not exist)">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Photography_in_Kazakhstan&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Photography in Kazakhstan (page does not exist)">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Photography_in_Latvia&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Photography in Latvia (page does not exist)">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Photography_in_Liechtenstein&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Photography in Liechtenstein (page does not exist)">Liechtenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Photography_in_Lithuania&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Photography in Lithuania (page does not exist)">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photography_in_Luxembourg" title="Photography in Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Photography_in_Malta&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Photography in Malta (page does not exist)">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Photography_in_Moldova&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Photography in Moldova (page does not exist)">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Photography_in_Monaco&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Photography in Monaco (page does not exist)">Monaco</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Photography_in_Montenegro&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Photography in Montenegro (page does not exist)">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Photography_in_the_Netherlands&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Photography in the Netherlands (page does not exist)">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Photography_in_North_Macedonia&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Photography in North Macedonia (page does not exist)">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photography_in_Norway" title="Photography in Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Photography_in_Poland&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Photography in Poland (page does not exist)">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Photography_in_Portugal&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Photography in Portugal (page does not exist)">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Photography_in_Romania&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Photography in Romania (page does not exist)">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Photography_in_Russia&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Photography in Russia (page does not exist)">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Photography_in_San_Marino&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Photography in San Marino (page does not exist)">San Marino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photography_in_Serbia" title="Photography in Serbia">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Photography_in_Slovakia&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Photography in Slovakia (page does not exist)">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photography_in_Slovenia" class="mw-redirect" title="Photography in Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Photography_in_Spain&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Photography in Spain (page does not exist)">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Photography_in_Sweden&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Photography in Sweden (page does not exist)">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Photography_in_Switzerland&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Photography in Switzerland (page does not exist)">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photography_in_Turkey" title="Photography in Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photography_in_Ukraine" title="Photography in Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Photography_in_the_United_Kingdom&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Photography in the United Kingdom (page does not exist)">United Kingdom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">States with limited<br />recognition</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Photography_in_Abkhazia&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Photography in Abkhazia (page does not exist)">Abkhazia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Photography_in_Kosovo&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Photography in Kosovo (page does not exist)">Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Photography_in_Northern_Cyprus&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Photography in Northern Cyprus (page does not exist)">Northern Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Photography_in_South_Ossetia&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Photography in South Ossetia (page does not exist)">South Ossetia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Photography_in_Transnistria&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Photography in Transnistria (page does not exist)">Transnistria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dependencies and<br />other entities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Photography_in_%C3%85land&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Photography in Åland (page does not exist)">Åland</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Photography_in_the_Faroe_Islands&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Photography in the Faroe Islands (page does not exist)">Faroe Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Photography_in_Gibraltar&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Photography in Gibraltar (page does not exist)">Gibraltar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Photography_in_Guernsey&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Photography in Guernsey (page does not exist)">Guernsey</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Photography_in_the_Isle_of_Man&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Photography in the Isle of Man (page does not exist)">Isle of Man</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Photography_in_Jersey&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Photography in Jersey (page does not exist)">Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Photography_in_Svalbard&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Photography in Svalbard (page does not exist)">Svalbard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐int.codfw.main‐7cc866bdbb‐cb7t4 Cached time: 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