CINXE.COM

15 U.S. Code § 1501 - Establishment of Department; Secretary; seal | U.S. Code | US Law | LII / Legal Information Institute

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <!-- Global site tag (gtag.js) - Google Analytics --> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=UA-1734385-15"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag() { dataLayer.push(arguments); } gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'UA-1734385-15'); </script> <!-- Google tag (gtag.js) --> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-PDVVHXRDE6"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag() { dataLayer.push(arguments); } gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-PDVVHXRDE6'); </script> <meta charset="utf-8" /> <meta name="version" content="v10.12.0" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="https://www.law.cornell.edu/sites/www.law.cornell.edu/files/favicon_0.ico" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon" /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/15/1501"> <meta property="og:site_name" content="LII / Legal Information Institute" /> <meta property="og:type" content="website" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/15/1501" /> <meta property="og:title" content="15 U.S. Code &sect; 1501 - Establishment of Department; Secretary; seal" /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://www.law.cornell.edu/images/liibracketlogo.gif" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="US Code - Title 15 > CHAPTER 40 > § 1501" /> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@LIICornell" /> <meta name="twitter:url" content="https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/15/1501" /> <meta name="twitter:title" content="15 U.S. Code &sect; 1501 - Establishment of Department; Secretary; seal" /> <meta name="twitter:image" content="https://www.law.cornell.edu/images/liibracketlogo.gif" /> <meta name="dcterms.title" content="15 U.S. Code &sect; 1501 - Establishment of Department; Secretary; seal" /> <title>15 U.S. Code &sect; 1501 - Establishment of Department; Secretary; seal | U.S. Code | US Law | LII / Legal Information Institute</title> <!-- schema.org metadata --> <script type="application/ld+json"> {"@context": "http://schema.org", "@graph": [{"@type": "BreadcrumbList", "itemListElement": [{"@type": "ListItem", "position": 1, "item": {"@id": "https://www.law.cornell.edu", "name": "LII"}}, {"@type": "ListItem", "position": 2, "item": {"@id": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text", "name": "U.S. Code"}}, {"@type": "ListItem", "position": 3, "item": {"@id": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/15", "name": "Title 15"}}, {"@type": "ListItem", "position": 4, "item": {"@id": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/15/chapter-40", "name": "CHAPTER 40"}}, {"@type": "ListItem", "position": 5, "item": {"@id": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/15/1501", "name": "\u00a7\u202f1501"}}]}, {"@type": "WebSite", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/15/1501", "name": "\u00a7\u202f1501", "author": {"@type": "Organization", "name": "Office of the Law Revision Counsel", "url": "http://uscode.house.gov/about_office.xhtml"}, "description": "US Code - Title 15 > CHAPTER 40 > \u00a7\u202f1501", "publisher": {"@type": "Organization", "name": "LII / Legal Information Institute", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu"}}]} </script> <!-- /schema.org --> <!-- API url --> <script> SEARCH_URL = 'https://api.law.cornell.edu/lii/search'; </script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@3.4.1/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" integrity="sha384-HSMxcRTRxnN+Bdg0JdbxYKrThecOKuH5zCYotlSAcp1+c8xmyTe9GYg1l9a69psu" crossorigin="anonymous"> <script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.6.1.min.js" integrity="sha256-o88AwQnZB+VDvE9tvIXrMQaPlFFSUTR+nldQm1LuPXQ=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script> <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/js-cookie@2/src/js.cookie.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@3.4.1/dist/js/bootstrap.min.js" integrity="sha384-aJ21OjlMXNL5UyIl/XNwTMqvzeRMZH2w8c5cRVpzpU8Y5bApTppSuUkhZXN0VxHd" crossorigin="anonymous"></script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/staticsite_styles/lii_stylenator_v48.min.css" /> <!-- include adcode --> <script type='text/javascript'> !function (a) { var b = /iPhone/i, c = /iPod/i, d = /iPad/i, e = /(?=.*\bAndroid\b)(?=.*\bMobile\b)/i, f = /Android/i, g = /(?=.*\bAndroid\b)(?=.*\bSD4930UR\b)/i, h = /(?=.*\bAndroid\b)(?=.*\b(?:KFOT|KFTT|KFJWI|KFJWA|KFSOWI|KFTHWI|KFTHWA|KFAPWI|KFAPWA|KFARWI|KFASWI|KFSAWI|KFSAWA)\b)/i, i = /IEMobile/i, j = /(?=.*\bWindows\b)(?=.*\bARM\b)/i, k = /BlackBerry/i, l = /BB10/i, m = /Opera Mini/i, n = /(CriOS|Chrome)(?=.*\bMobile\b)/i, o = /(?=.*\bFirefox\b)(?=.*\bMobile\b)/i, p = new RegExp('(?:Nexus 7|BNTV250|Kindle Fire|Silk|GT-P1000)', 'i'), q = function (a, b) { return a.test(b) }, r = function (a) { var r = a || navigator.userAgent, s = r.split('[FBAN'); return 'undefined' != typeof s[1] && (r = s[0]), s = r.split('Twitter'), 'undefined' != typeof s[1] && (r = s[0]), this.apple = { phone: q(b, r), ipod: q(c, r), tablet: !q(b, r) && q(d, r), device: q(b, r) || q(c, r) || q(d, r) }, this.amazon = { phone: q(g, r), tablet: !q(g, r) && q(h, r), device: q(g, r) || q(h, r) }, this.android = { phone: q(g, r) || q(e, r), tablet: !q(g, r) && !q(e, r) && (q(h, r) || q(f, r)), device: q(g, r) || q(h, r) || q(e, r) || q(f, r) }, this.windows = { phone: q(i, r), tablet: q(j, r), device: q(i, r) || q(j, r) }, this.other = { blackberry: q(k, r), blackberry10: q(l, r), opera: q(m, r), firefox: q(o, r), chrome: q(n, r), device: q(k, r) || q(l, r) || q(m, r) || q(o, r) || q(n, r) }, this.seven_inch = q(p, r), this.any = this.apple.device || this.android.device || this.windows.device || this.other.device || this.seven_inch, this.phone = this.apple.phone || this.android.phone || this.windows.phone, this.tablet = this.apple.tablet || this.android.tablet || this.windows.tablet, 'undefined' == typeof window ? this : void 0 }, s = function () { var a = new r; return a.Class = r, a }; 'undefined' != typeof module && module.exports && 'undefined' == typeof window ? module.exports = r : 'undefined' != typeof module && module.exports && 'undefined' != typeof window ? module.exports = s() : 'function' == typeof define && define.amd ? define('isMobile', [], a.isMobile = s()) : a.isMobile = s() }(this); </script> <!-- mobile: vignettes and page-level --> <script async src='//pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js'> </script> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({ google_ad_client: 'ca-pub-6351434937294517', enable_page_level_ads: true, }); </script> <!-- adsense --> <script type='text/javascript'> var googletag = googletag || {}; googletag.cmd = googletag.cmd || []; (function () { var gads = document.createElement('script'); gads.async = true; gads.type = 'text/javascript'; var useSSL = 'https:' == document.location.protocol; gads.src = (useSSL ? 'https:' : 'http:') + '//www.googletagservices.com/tag/js/gpt.js'; var node = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; node.parentNode.insertBefore(gads, node); })(); </script> <script type='text/javascript'> function makeDefs() { var width = window.innerWidth || document.documentElement.clientWidth; if (width >= 1200) { var topsize = '[336,280]'; var midsize = '[[1,1],[336,280]]'; var bottomsize = '[[2,1],[728,90]]'; var sponsorcaptionsize = '[[3,1],[336,15]]'; } else if ((width >= 992) && (width < 1199)) { var topsize = '[336,280]'; var midsize = '[[1,1],[336,280]]'; var bottomsize = '[[2,1],[468,60]]'; var sponsorcaptionsize = '[[3,1],[336,15]]'; } else if ((width >= 768) && (width < 992)) { var topsize = '[300,250]'; var midsize = '[[1,1],[300,250]]'; var bottomsize = '[[2,1],[320,100],[320,50]]'; var sponsorcaptionsize = '[[3,1],[300,15]]'; } else if ((width >= 576) && (width < 768)) { var topsize = '[180,150]'; var midsize = '[[1,1],[180,150]]'; var bottomsize = '[[2,1],[320,100],[320,50]]'; var sponsorcaptionsize = '[[3,1],[180,15]]'; } else if ((width >= 360) && (width < 576)) { var topsize = '[336,280]'; var midsize = '[[1,1],[336,280]]'; var bottomsize = '[[2,1],[468,60]]'; var sponsorcaptionsize = '[[3,1],[336,15]]'; } else { var topsize = '[300,250]'; var midsize = '[[1,1],[300,250]]'; var bottomsize = '[[2,1],[300,250],[320,100],[320,50]]'; var sponsorcaptionsize = '[[3,1],[300,15]]'; } var topdefp1 = 'googletag.defineSlot('; var topdefp2 = "'/1519273/USC_ROC_TopRight_300x250', ".concat(topsize, ','); var topdef = topdefp1.concat(topdefp2, '\'', 'div-gpt-ad-top', '\'', ').addService(googletag.pubads()); '); var middefp1 = 'googletag.defineSlot('; var middefp2 = "'/1519273/USC_ROC_MidRight_300x250', ".concat(midsize, ','); var middef = middefp1.concat(middefp2, '\'', 'div-gpt-ad-middle', '\'', ').addService(googletag.pubads()); '); var bottomdefp1 = 'googletag.defineSlot('; var bottomdefp2 = "'/1519273/USC_ROC_Footer_728x90', ".concat(bottomsize, ','); var bottomdef = bottomdefp1.concat(bottomdefp2, '\'', 'div-gpt-ad-bottom', '\'', ').addService(googletag.pubads()); '); var sponsorcaptiondefp1 = 'googletag.defineSlot('; var sponsorcaptiondefp2 = "'/1519273/USC_ROC_SponsorCaption', ".concat(sponsorcaptionsize, ','); var sponsorcaptiondef = sponsorcaptiondefp1.concat(sponsorcaptiondefp2, '\'', 'div-gpt-ad-sponsorcaption', '\'', ').addService(googletag.pubads()); '); var defs = topdef + middef + bottomdef + sponsorcaptiondef return defs; }; googletag.cmd.push(function () { { mydefs = makeDefs(); eval(mydefs); }; googletag.pubads().enableSingleRequest(); googletag.enableServices(); }); //--> </script> <!-- /adsense --> <!-- /include adcode --> <script src="https://justatic.com/v/20160725b/shared/js/widgets/find-a-lawyer.js"></script> </head> <body> <div id="liisurveymodal" class="modal fade bs-example-modal-lg" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="liisurveymodal" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="modal-dialog modal-lg"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="modal-title-box">Please help us improve our site!</div> <div class="modal-header"> <button type="button" class="close" onclick="snooze_survey()" data-dismiss="modal">&times;</button> </div> <div class="modal-body"> <iframe title="Survey Frame" class="survey-content" id="iframeHolder"></iframe> </div> <div class="modal-footer"> <a href="#" class="btn btn-primary" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" onclick="snooze_survey()">No thank you</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <header id="conannav" class="navbar navbar-fixed-top active"> <a href="#content" class="skip">Skip to main content</a> <div id="cu-identity"> <div class="container-fluid"> <a href="https://www.cornell.edu" id="insignialink" title="Cornell University"> <img class="img-responsive" src="https://www.law.cornell.edu/sites/all/themes/liizenboot/images/insignia.gif" alt="Cornell University insignia" /> </a> <a href="https://www.lawschool.cornell.edu/" id="clslink" title="Cornell Law School">Cornell Law School</a> <a href="https://www.cornell.edu/search/" id="cusearch" title="Search Cornell University">Search Cornell</a> </div> </div> <div id="lii-identity" class="col-12 identity-header"> <div id="liiheader" class="container-fluid"> <nav id="liiallnav" class="navbar" aria-label="Main"> <div id="liibanner" class="navbar-header"> <button type="button" class="navbar-toggle" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#liinav" href="#liinav"> <span class="sr-only">Toggle navigation</span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> </button> <div id="liilogodiv"> <a id="liilogo" class="navbar-brand" href="/" aria-label="lii logo"></a> </div> <div class="navbar-right" id="liinavbarstuff"> <button id="survey" class="btn btn-primary icon-pencil icon-white" style="display: none; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-top:-20px; height: 42px">Please help us improve our site!</button> <div id="liidonatewrap"> <a id="liidonate" class="navbar-link mdblueinv" href="/donate" aria-label="Donate to LII"> <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-gift"></span> <span class="gltxt">Support Us!</span> </a> </div> <div id="liisearchlinkwrap"> <a id="liisearchlink" href="#" class="navbar-link cured" aria-label="Search LII"> <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-search"></span> <span class="gltxt">Search</span> </a> </div> <div id="liisearch" href="#"> <div class="input-group" id="adv-search" role="search"> <input label="Enter the terms you wish to search for." placeholder="Search" class="form-control form-text" type="text" id="edit-keys" name="keys" value="" list="autocomplete_list" aria-label="Enter search terms text box"> <datalist id="autocomplete_list"> </datalist> <div class="input-group-btn"> <div class="btn-group" role="group" aria-label="Filter and search buttons"> <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" onclick="findNowClickEvent()" aria-label="Find now"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-search" aria-hidden="true" role="button"></span></button> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="liinav" class="collapse navbar-collapse"> <ul id="liiheadernav" class="nav navbar-nav" role="menubar" aria-hidden="false"> <li role="menuitem" aria-haspopup="true" class="menu-item dropdown dropdown-submenu"> <a href="/lii/about/about_lii" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">About LII</a> <ul role="menu" aria-hidden="true" class="dropdown-menu sub-menu"> <li role="menuitem"> <a href="/lii/about/who_we_are">Who We Are</a> </li> <li role="menuitem"> <a href="/lii/about/what_we_do">What We Do</a> </li> <li role="menuitem"> <a href="/lii/about/who_pays_for_this">Who Pays For This</a> </li> <li role="menuitem"> <a href="/lii/about/contact_us">Contact Us</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li role="menuitem" aria-haspopup="true" class="menu-item dropdown dropdown-submenu"> <a href="/lii/get_the_law" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">Get the law</a> <ul role="menu" aria-hidden="true" class="dropdown-menu sub-menu"> <li role="menuitem"> <a title="U.S. Constitution" href="/constitution">Constitution</a> </li> <li role="menuitem"> <a title="Supreme Court" href="/supremecourt/text/home">Supreme Court</a> </li> <li role="menuitem"> <a title="U.S. Code" href="/uscode/text">U.S. Code</a> </li> <li role="menuitem"> <a title="C.F.R." href="/cfr/text">CFR</a> </li> <li role="menuitem" aria-haspopup="true" class="menu-item dropdown dropdown-submenu"> <a title="Federal Rules" href="/rules" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">Federal Rules</a> <ul role="menu" aria-hidden="true" class="dropdown-menu submenu-menu"> <li role="menuitem"> <a href="/rules/frap">Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure</a> </li> <li role="menuitem"> <a href="/rules/frcp">Federal Rules of Civil Procedure</a> </li> <li role="menuitem"> <a href="/rules/frcrmp">Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure</a> </li> <li role="menuitem"> <a href="/rules/fre">Federal Rules of Evidence</a> </li> <li role="menuitem"> <a href="/rules/frbp">Federal Rules of Bankruptcy Procedure</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li role="menuitem"> <a title="U.C.C." href="/ucc">U.C.C.</a> </li> <li aria-haspopup="true" class="menu-item dropdown dropdown-submenu"> <a title="Law by jurisdiction" href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">Law by jurisdiction</a> <ul role="menu" class="dropdown-menu submenu-menu"> <li role="menuitem"> <a href="/states">State law</a> </li> <li role="menuitem"> <a href="/uniform">Uniform laws</a> </li> <li role="menuitem"> <a href="/federal">Federal law</a> </li> <li role="menuitem"> <a href="/world">World law</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li role="menuitem"> <a href="https://lawyers.law.cornell.edu/">Lawyer directory</a> </li> <li role="menuitem" class="menu-item dropdown dropdown-submenu"> <a href="/wex" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">Legal encyclopedia</a> <ul role="menu" class="dropdown-menu sub-menu"> <li role="menuitem"> <a href="/wex/category/business_law">Business law</a> </li> <li role="menuitem"> <a href="/wex/category/constitutional_law">Constitutional law</a> </li> <li role="menuitem"> <a href="/wex/category/criminal_law_and_procedure">Criminal law</a> </li> <li role="menuitem"> <a href="/wex/category/family_law">Family law</a> </li> <li role="menuitem"> <a href="/wex/category/employment_law">Employment law</a> </li> <li role="menuitem"> <a href="/wex/category/money_and_financial_problems">Money and Finances</a> </li> <li role="menuitem"> <a href="/wex/wex_articles">More...</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li role="menuitem" class="menu-item dropdown dropdown-submenu"> <a href="/lii/help_out" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-expanded="false">Help out</a> <ul role="menu" class="dropdown-menu sub-menu"> <li role="menuitem" aria-hidden="true"> <a href="/donate">Give</a> </li> <li role="menuitem" aria-hidden="true"> <a href="/lii/help_out/sponsor">Sponsor</a> </li> <li role="menuitem"> <a href="/lii/help_out/advertise">Advertise</a> </li> <li role="menuitem"> <a href="/lii/help_out/create">Create</a> </li> <li role="menuitem"> <a href="/lii/help_out/promote">Promote</a> </li> <li role="menuitem"> <a href="/lii/help_out/join_directory">Join Lawyer Directory</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> <ul id="liinavsoc" class="nav navbar-nav navbar-right"> <li> <div class="addthis_horizontal_follow_toolbox"></div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </header> <br><br> <div id="breadcrumb" class="container-fluid"> <div class="row"> <div class="navbar-header"> <nav aria-label="breadcrumb" class="bc-icons-2"> <ol class="breadcrumb"> <li class="breadcrumb-item"><a href="/">LII</a></li> <li class="breadcrumb-item" aria-label="U.S. Code table of contents"><a href="/uscode/text">U.S. Code</a></li> <li class="breadcrumb-item"><a href="/uscode/text/15">Title 15</a></li> <li class="breadcrumb-item"><a href="/uscode/text/15/chapter-40">CHAPTER 40</a></li> <li class="breadcrumb-item breadcrumb-last">§ 1501</li> </ol> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <main id="main" class="container-fluid"> <div id="content" class="col-sm-8"> <div class="pagewrapper"> <div class="container-fluid"> <div class="row"> <div title="Definitions Frame"></div> <small id="titleHelp" class="form-text">Quick search by citation:</small> <form class="form-inline"> <div class="form-group mb-2"> <label for="titleinput">Title</label> <input type="number" name="quicksearch" class="form-control" id="titleinput" aria-describedby="titleHelp" placeholder="enter title" title="US Code Title number" type="number" value=""> </div> <div class="form-group mx-sm-3 mb-2"> <label for="sectioninput">Section</label> <input type="text" name="quicksearch" class="form-control" id="sectioninput" pattern="[A-Za-z0-9]+" placeholder="section" title="US Code Section number" value=""> </div> <button type="submit" onclick="return redirectMe();" class="btn btn-primary">Go!</button> </form> <h1 class="title" id="page_title"> 15 U.S. Code § 1501 - Establishment of Department; Secretary; seal </h1> <div class="tabbable-panel"> <div class="tabbable-line"> <ul class="nav nav-tabs "> <li class="active"> <a data-toggle="tab" href="#tab_default_1"> U.S. Code </a> </li> <li> <a data-toggle="tab" href="#tab_default_2"> Notes </a> </li> </ul> <div class="tab-content"> <div id="prevnext"> prev | <a href="/uscode/text/15/1502" title=" Omitted">next</a> </div> <div class="tab-pane active" id="tab_default_1"> <!-- 'text' content area --> <text><div class="text"> <div class="section"> <div class="content"> <p>There shall be at the seat of government an executive department to be known as the <span link="https://liicornell.org/liifedent/department_of_commerce" occur="1" src="named_federal_agencies">Department of Commerce</span>, and a <span link="https://liicornell.org/liifedent/doc_osec_secretary" occur="1" src="named_federal_agencies">Secretary of Commerce</span>, who shall be the head thereof, who shall be appointed by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the <span link="https://liicornell.org/liifedent/cong_senate" occur="1" src="named_federal_agencies">Senate</span>, and whose term and tenure of office shall be like that of the heads of the other executive departments; and the provisions of title 4 of the Revised Statutes, including all amendments thereto, shall be applicable to said department. The said Secretary shall cause a seal of office to be made for the said department of such device as the President shall approve, and judicial notice shall be taken of the said seal.</p> </div> <div class="sourceCredit">(Feb. 14, 1903, ch. 552, § 1, <a href="/rio/citation/32_Stat._825">32 Stat. 825</a>; Feb. 17, 1909, ch. 137, §§ 1, 2, <a href="/rio/citation/35_Stat._626">35 Stat. 626</a>; Mar. 4, 1909, ch. 297, § 1, <a href="/rio/citation/35_Stat._861">35 Stat. 861</a>; Mar. 4, 1913, ch. 141, § 1, <a href="/rio/citation/37_Stat._736">37 Stat. 736</a>; Mar. 3, 1917, ch. 163, § 1, <a href="/rio/citation/39_Stat._1111">39 Stat. 1111</a>; Mar. 4, 1925, ch. 549, § 4, <a href="/rio/citation/43_Stat._1301">43 Stat. 1301</a>.)</div> </div> </div></text> </div> <div class="tab-pane" id="tab_default_2"> <!-- 'notes' content area --> <notes><div class="notes"> </div><div class="notes"> <div class="note" topic="editorialNotes"><span class="heading centered"><strong>Editorial Notes</strong></span></div> <div class="note" topic="referencesInText"> <span class="heading centered smallCaps">References in Text</span> <p>Title 4 of the Revised Statutes, referred to in text, was entitled “Provisions Applicable to All Executive Departments”, and consisted of R.S. §§ 158 to 198. For provisions of the Code derived from such title 4, see sections 101, 301, 303, 304, 503, 2952, 3101, 3106, 3341, 3345 to 3349, 5535, 5536 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees; <a href="/uscode/text/18/207">section 207 of Title 18</a>, Crimes and Criminal Procedure; sections 514, 520 of Title 28, Judiciary and Judicial Procedure; <a href="/uscode/text/31/3321">section 3321 of Title 31</a>, Money and Finance.</p> </div> <div class="note" topic="codification"><span class="heading centered smallCaps">Codification</span> <p>Section was formerly classified to <a href="/uscode/text/5/591">section 591 of Title 5</a> prior to the general revision and enactment of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, by <a href="/rio/citation/Pub._L._89-554">Pub. L. 89–554</a>, <span class="date" date="1966-09-06">Sept. 6, 1966</span>, <a href="/rio/citation/80_Stat._378">80 Stat. 378</a>.</p> </div> <div class="note" topic="statutoryNotes"><span class="heading centered"><strong>Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries</strong></span></div> <div class="note" topic="transferOfFunctions"> <span class="heading centered smallCaps">Transfer of Functions</span> <p>A <span link="https://liicornell.org/liifedent/department_of_labor" occur="1" src="named_federal_agencies">Department of Labor</span>, under charge of a Commissioner of Labor, was established by act June 13, 1888, ch. 380, <a href="/rio/citation/25_Stat._182">25 Stat. 182</a>, and by section 9 of that act, the Bureau of Labor created under act June 27, 1884, ch. 127, <a href="/rio/citation/23_Stat._60">23 Stat. 60</a>, was to cease on the organization of the Department. The <span link="https://liicornell.org/liifedent/department_of_commerce" occur="2" src="named_federal_agencies">Department of Commerce</span> and Labor, as an Executive Department, with a <span link="https://liicornell.org/liifedent/doc_osec_secretary" occur="2" src="named_federal_agencies">Secretary of Commerce</span> and Labor as the head thereof, was established by act Feb. 14, 1903, ch. 552, <a href="/rio/citation/32_Stat._825">32 Stat. 825</a>, and by section 4 of that act, the <span link="https://liicornell.org/liifedent/department_of_labor" occur="2" src="named_federal_agencies">Department of Labor</span> was placed under the jurisdiction and made a part of the <span link="https://liicornell.org/liifedent/department_of_commerce" occur="3" src="named_federal_agencies">Department of Commerce</span> and Labor with various other offices, bureaus, and branches of the public service also transferred to and placed under the jurisdiction of the Department so established. In subsequent appropriation and other acts, the <span link="https://liicornell.org/liifedent/department_of_labor" occur="3" src="named_federal_agencies">Department of Labor</span> was designated as the Bureau of Labor in that Department. But by act March 4, 1913, ch. 141, <a href="/rio/citation/37_Stat._736">37 Stat. 736</a>, a new executive department was created, to be called “The <span link="https://liicornell.org/liifedent/department_of_labor" occur="4" src="named_federal_agencies">Department of Labor</span>,” with a Secretary of Labor to be the head thereof, and the <span link="https://liicornell.org/liifedent/department_of_commerce" occur="4" src="named_federal_agencies">Department of Commerce</span> and Labor was thereafter to be called the <span link="https://liicornell.org/liifedent/department_of_commerce" occur="5" src="named_federal_agencies">Department of Commerce</span>, and the Secretary thereof to be called the <span link="https://liicornell.org/liifedent/doc_osec_secretary" occur="3" src="named_federal_agencies">Secretary of Commerce</span>.</p> </div> <div class="note" topic="execDoc"><span class="heading centered"><strong>Executive Documents</strong></span></div> <div class="note" topic="transferOfFunctions"> <span class="heading centered smallCaps">Transfer of Functions</span> <p>Functions of all other officers of <span link="https://liicornell.org/liifedent/department_of_commerce" occur="6" src="named_federal_agencies">Department of Commerce</span> and functions of all agencies and employees of such Department, with a few exceptions, transferred to <span link="https://liicornell.org/liifedent/doc_osec_secretary" occur="4" src="named_federal_agencies">Secretary of Commerce</span>, with power vested in him to authorize their performance or the performance of any of his functions by any such officers, agencies, and employees by Reorg. Plan No. 5 of 1950, §§ 1, 2, eff. <span class="date" date="1950-05-24">May 24, 1950</span>, <a aria-label="15 F.R. 3174" href="/rio/citation/15_FR_3174">15 F.R. 3174</a>, <a href="/rio/citation/64_Stat._1263">64 Stat. 1263</a>, set out below.</p> </div> <div class="note" topic="miscellaneous"><span class="heading centered smallCaps">Deputy <span link="https://liicornell.org/liifedent/doc_osec_secretary" markup="no-show" occur="5" src="named_federal_agencies">Secretary of Commerce</span></span> <p>For provisions directing the President to appoint a Deputy <span link="https://liicornell.org/liifedent/doc_osec_secretary" occur="6" src="named_federal_agencies">Secretary of Commerce</span>, by and with the advice and consent of the <span link="https://liicornell.org/liifedent/cong_senate" occur="2" src="named_federal_agencies">Senate</span>, with the Deputy Secretary to receive compensation at the rate payable for Level II of the Executive Schedule and with the Deputy Secretary to perform such duties and exercise such powers as the Secretary may from time to time prescribe, see section 2(b)(1) of 1979 Reorg. Plan No. 3, set out in the <a aria-label="5a USC" href="/uscode/text/5a">Appendix to Title 5</a>, Government Organization and Employees.</p> <p>Creation of the Office of Deputy <span link="https://liicornell.org/liifedent/doc_osec_secretary" occur="7" src="named_federal_agencies">Secretary of Commerce</span> by section 2(b)(1) of 1979 Reorg. Plan. No. 3 effective <span class="date" date="1979-12-07">Dec. 7, 1979</span>, see <a href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/cpd/executiveorder/12175">Ex. Ord. 12175</a>, set out as a note under <a href="/uscode/text/19/2171">section 2171 of Title 19</a>, Customs Duties.</p> </div> <div class="note" topic="miscellaneous"><span class="heading centered smallCaps">Order of Succession</span> <p>For order of succession during any period when both Secretary and Deputy <span link="https://liicornell.org/liifedent/doc_osec_secretary" occur="8" src="named_federal_agencies">Secretary of Commerce</span> are unable to perform functions and duties of office of Secretary, see <a href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/cpd/executiveorder/13242">Ex. Ord. No. 13242</a>, <span class="date" date="2001-12-18">Dec. 18, 2001</span>, <a aria-label="66 F.R. 66260" href="/rio/citation/66_FR_66260">66 F.R. 66260</a>, listed in a table under <a href="/uscode/text/5/3345">section 3345 of Title 5</a>, Government Organization and Employees.</p> </div> <div class="note" topic="reorganizationPlan"><span class="heading centered"><strong>REORGANIZATION PLAN NO. 5 OF 1950</strong></span> <p>Eff. <span class="date" date="1950-05-24">May 24, 1950</span>, <a aria-label="15 F.R. 3174" href="/rio/citation/15_FR_3174">15 F.R. 3174</a>, <a href="/rio/citation/64_Stat._1263">64 Stat. 1263</a>, as amended July 2, 1954, ch. 456, title III, § 304, <a href="/rio/citation/68_Stat._430">68 Stat. 430</a></p> <p>Prepared by the President and transmitted to the <span link="https://liicornell.org/liifedent/cong_senate" occur="3" src="named_federal_agencies">Senate</span> and the <span link="https://liicornell.org/liifedent/cong_house_of_representatives" occur="1" src="named_federal_agencies">House of Representatives</span> in <span link="https://liicornell.org/liifedent/congress" occur="1" src="named_federal_agencies">Congress</span> assembled, <span class="date" date="1950-03-13">March 13, 1950</span>, pursuant to the provisions of the <a href="/topn/reorganization_act_of_1949">Reorganization Act of 1949</a>, approved <span class="date" date="1949-06-20">June 20, 1949</span> [see <a aria-label="5 U.S.C. 901" href="https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/5/901">5 U.S.C. 901</a> et seq.].</p> </div> <div class="note" topic="miscellaneous"><span class="heading centered"><span link="https://liicornell.org/liifedent/department_of_commerce" markup="no-show" occur="7" src="named_federal_agencies">DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE</span></span></div> <div class="note" topic="miscellaneous"><span class="heading centered smallCaps">Section 1. Transfer of Functions to the Secretary</span> <p>(a) Except as otherwise provided in subsection (b) of this section, there are hereby transferred to the <span link="https://liicornell.org/liifedent/doc_osec_secretary" occur="9" src="named_federal_agencies">Secretary of Commerce</span> all functions of all other officers of the <span link="https://liicornell.org/liifedent/department_of_commerce" occur="8" src="named_federal_agencies">Department of Commerce</span> and all functions of all agencies and employees of such Department.</p> <p>(b) This section shall not apply to the functions vested by the <a href="/topn/administrative_procedure_act">Administrative Procedure Act</a> (<a href="/rio/citation/60_Stat._237">60 Stat. 237</a>) [see <a aria-label="5 U.S.C. 551" href="https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/5/551">5 U.S.C. 551</a> et seq. and 701 et seq.] in hearing examiners employed by the <span link="https://liicornell.org/liifedent/department_of_commerce" occur="9" src="named_federal_agencies">Department of Commerce</span>, nor to the functions of the Civil Aeronautics Board, of the Inland Waterways Corporation, or of the Advisory Board of the Inland Waterways Corporation.</p> </div> <div class="note" topic="miscellaneous"><span class="heading centered smallCaps">Sec. 2. Performance of Functions of Secretary</span> <p>The <span link="https://liicornell.org/liifedent/doc_osec_secretary" occur="10" src="named_federal_agencies">Secretary of Commerce</span> may from time to time make such provisions as he shall deem appropriate authorizing the performance by any other officer, or by any agency or employee, of the <span link="https://liicornell.org/liifedent/department_of_commerce" occur="10" src="named_federal_agencies">Department of Commerce</span> of any function of the Secretary, including any function transferred to the Secretary by the provisions of this reorganization plan.</p> </div> <div class="note" topic="miscellaneous"><span class="heading centered smallCaps">Sec. 3. Administrative Assistant Secretary</span> <p>[Repealed. July 2, 1954, ch. 456, title III, § 304, <a href="/rio/citation/68_Stat._430">68 Stat. 430</a>. Section authorized an Administrative Assistant <span link="https://liicornell.org/liifedent/doc_osec_secretary" occur="11" src="named_federal_agencies">Secretary of Commerce</span>.]</p> </div> <div class="note" topic="miscellaneous"><span class="heading centered smallCaps">Sec. 4. Incidental Transfers</span> <p>The <span link="https://liicornell.org/liifedent/doc_osec_secretary" occur="12" src="named_federal_agencies">Secretary of Commerce</span> may from time to time effect such transfers within the <span link="https://liicornell.org/liifedent/department_of_commerce" occur="11" src="named_federal_agencies">Department of Commerce</span> of any of the records, property, personnel, and unexpended balances (available or to be made available) of appropriations, allocations, and other funds of such Department as he may deem necessary in order to carry out the provisions of this reorganization plan.</p> </div> <div class="note" topic="miscellaneous"><span class="heading centered smallCaps">Message of the President</span> <p>To the <span link="https://liicornell.org/liifedent/congress" occur="2" src="named_federal_agencies">Congress</span> of the United States:</p> <p>I transmit herewith Reorganization Plan No. 5 of 1950, prepared in accordance with the <a href="/topn/reorganization_act_of_1949">Reorganization Act of 1949</a> and providing for reorganizations in the <span link="https://liicornell.org/liifedent/department_of_commerce" occur="12" src="named_federal_agencies">Department of Commerce</span>. My reasons for transmitting this plan are stated in an accompanying general message.</p> <p>After investigation I have found and hereby declare that each reorganization included in Reorganization Plan No. 5 of 1950 is necessary to accomplish one or more of the purposes set forth in section 2(a) of the <a href="/topn/reorganization_act_of_1949">Reorganization Act of 1949</a>.</p> <p>I have found and hereby declare that it is necessary to include in the accompanying reorganization plan, by reason of reorganizations made thereby, provisions for the appointment and compensation of an Administrative Assistant <span link="https://liicornell.org/liifedent/doc_osec_secretary" occur="13" src="named_federal_agencies">Secretary of Commerce</span>. The rate of compensation fixed for this officer is that which I have found to prevail in respect to comparable officers in the executive branch of the Government.</p> <p>The taking effect of the reorganizations included in this plan may not in itself result in substantial immediate savings. However, many benefits in improved operations are probable during the next years which will result in a reduction in expenditures as compared with those that would be otherwise necessary. An itemization of these reductions in advance of actual experience under this plan is not practicable.</p> <div class="signature"> <div class="name">Harry S. Truman.</div> </div> <p><span class="inline small-caps">The White House</span>, <span class="date" date="1950-03-13">March 13, 1950</span>.</p> </div> <div class="note" topic="miscellaneous"><span class="heading centered smallCaps">Federal Maritime Board, and Maritime Functions of <span link="https://liicornell.org/liifedent/doc_osec_secretary" markup="no-show" occur="14" src="named_federal_agencies">Secretary of Commerce</span></span> <p>Section 307 of Reorg. Plan No. 21 of 1950, eff. <span class="date" date="1950-05-24">May 24, 1950</span>, <a aria-label="15 F.R. 3178" href="/rio/citation/15_FR_3178">15 F.R. 3178</a>, <a href="/rio/citation/64_Stat._1273">64 Stat. 1273</a>, set out in the <a aria-label="5a USC" href="/uscode/text/5a">Appendix to Title 5</a>, Government Organization and Employees, provided that the functions transferred by the provisions of that Plan should not be subject to the provisions of Reorg. Plan No. 5 of 1950, set out above. Said Reorg. Plan No. 21 of 1950 created, within the <span link="https://liicornell.org/liifedent/department_of_commerce" occur="13" src="named_federal_agencies">Department of Commerce</span>, the Federal Maritime Board, and the <span link="https://liicornell.org/liifedent/dot_maritime_administration" occur="1" src="named_federal_agencies">Maritime Administration</span>, the latter, with a Maritime Administrator at its head. It abolished the United States Maritime Commission, transferring some of its functions and some of the functions of its Chairman to said Federal Maritime Board. It transferred the remainder of the functions of that Commission and its Chairman to the <span link="https://liicornell.org/liifedent/doc_osec_secretary" occur="15" src="named_federal_agencies">Secretary of Commerce</span>, with power vested in him to authorize their performance by said Maritime Administrator.</p> </div> <div class="note" topic="executiveOrder"> <span class="heading centered smallCaps">Executive Order No. 13339</span> <p><a href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/cpd/executiveorder/13339">Ex. Ord. No. 13339</a>, <span class="date" date="2004-05-13">May 13, 2004</span>, <a aria-label="69 F.R. 28037" href="/rio/citation/69_FR_28037">69 F.R. 28037</a>, as amended by <a href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/cpd/executiveorder/13403">Ex. Ord. No. 13403</a>, § 3, <span class="date" date="2006-05-12">May 12, 2006</span>, <a aria-label="71 F.R. 28543" href="/rio/citation/71_FR_28543">71 F.R. 28543</a>, which established in the <span link="https://liicornell.org/liifedent/department_of_commerce" occur="14" src="named_federal_agencies">Department of Commerce</span> a President’s Advisory Commission on Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders, was superseded by <a href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/cpd/executiveorder/13515">Ex. Ord. No. 13515</a>, § 4(a), <span class="date" date="2009-10-14">Oct. 14, 2009</span>, <a aria-label="74 F.R. 53638" href="/rio/citation/74_FR_53638">74 F.R. 53638</a>, formerly set out below, and by <a href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/cpd/executiveorder/14031">Ex. Ord. No. 14031</a>, § 4(a), <span class="date" date="2021-05-28">May 28, 2021</span>, <a aria-label="86 F.R. 29680" href="/rio/citation/86_FR_29680">86 F.R. 29680</a>, set out in a note under <a href="/uscode/text/42/3501">section 3501 of Title 42</a>, The Public Health and Welfare.</p> </div> <div class="note" topic="executiveOrder"> <span class="heading centered smallCaps">Executive Order No. 13515</span> <p><a href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/cpd/executiveorder/13515">Ex. Ord. No. 13515</a>, <span class="date" date="2009-10-14">Oct. 14, 2009</span>, <a aria-label="74 F.R. 53635" href="/rio/citation/74_FR_53635">74 F.R. 53635</a>, as amended by <a href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/cpd/executiveorder/13585">Ex. Ord. No. 13585</a>, § 4, <span class="date" date="2011-09-30">Sept. 30, 2011</span>, <a aria-label="76 F.R. 62282" href="/rio/citation/76_FR_62282">76 F.R. 62282</a>; <a href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/cpd/executiveorder/13652">Ex. Ord. No. 13652</a>, § 8, <span class="date" date="2013-09-30">Sept. 30, 2013</span>, <a aria-label="78 F.R. 61819" href="/rio/citation/78_FR_61819">78 F.R. 61819</a>, which established the President’s Advisory Commission on Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders and White House Initiative on Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders, was superseded by <a href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/cpd/executiveorder/13872">Ex. Ord. No. 13872</a>, § 4(a), <span class="date" date="2019-05-13">May 13, 2019</span>, <a aria-label="84 F.R. 22324" href="/rio/citation/84_FR_22324">84 F.R. 22324</a>, formerly set out below, and by <a href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/cpd/executiveorder/14031">Ex. Ord. No. 14031</a>, § 4(a), <span class="date" date="2021-05-28">May 28, 2021</span>, <a aria-label="86 F.R. 29680" href="/rio/citation/86_FR_29680">86 F.R. 29680</a>, set out in a note under <a href="/uscode/text/42/3501">section 3501 of Title 42</a>, The Public Health and Welfare.</p> </div> <div class="note" topic="miscellaneous"> <span class="heading centered smallCaps">Extension of Term of Commission on Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders</span> <p>Prior to revocation of <a href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/cpd/executiveorder/13515">Ex. Ord. No. 13515</a>, term of Commission on Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders was extended until <span class="date" date="2019-09-30">Sept. 30, 2019</span>, by <a href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/cpd/executiveorder/13811">Ex. Ord. No. 13811</a>, § 1(s), <span class="date" date="2017-09-29">Sept. 29, 2017</span>, <a aria-label="82 F.R. 46363" href="/rio/citation/82_FR_46363">82 F.R. 46363</a>, formerly set out as a note under <a href="/uscode/text/5/1013">section 1013 of Title 5</a>, Government Organization and Employees.</p> <p>Previous extensions of term of Commission on Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders were contained in the following prior Executive Orders:</p> <p><a href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/cpd/executiveorder/13708">Ex. Ord. No. 13708</a>, <span class="date" date="2015-09-30">Sept. 30, 2015</span>, <a aria-label="80 F.R. 60271" href="/rio/citation/80_FR_60271">80 F.R. 60271</a>, extended term until <span class="date" date="2017-09-30">Sept. 30, 2017</span>.</p> <p><a href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/cpd/executiveorder/13652">Ex. Ord. No. 13652</a>, <span class="date" date="2013-09-30">Sept. 30, 2013</span>, <a aria-label="78 F.R. 61817" href="/rio/citation/78_FR_61817">78 F.R. 61817</a>, extended term until <span class="date" date="2015-09-30">Sept. 30, 2015</span>.</p> <p><a href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/cpd/executiveorder/13585">Ex. Ord. No. 13585</a>, <span class="date" date="2011-09-30">Sept. 30, 2011</span>, <a aria-label="76 F.R. 62281" href="/rio/citation/76_FR_62281">76 F.R. 62281</a>, extended term until <span class="date" date="2013-09-30">Sept. 30, 2013</span>.</p> </div> <div class="note" topic="executiveOrder"> <span class="heading centered smallCaps">Executive Order No. 13872</span> <p><a href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/cpd/executiveorder/13872">Ex. Ord. No. 13872</a>, <span class="date" date="2019-05-13">May 13, 2019</span>, <a aria-label="84 F.R. 22321" href="/rio/citation/84_FR_22321">84 F.R. 22321</a>, which established the President’s Advisory Commission on Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders and the White House Initiative on Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders to promote the economic empowerment of Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders, was superseded by <a href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/cpd/executiveorder/14031">Ex. Ord. No. 14031</a>, § 4(a), <span class="date" date="2021-05-28">May 28, 2021</span>, <a aria-label="86 F.R. 29680" href="/rio/citation/86_FR_29680">86 F.R. 29680</a>, set out in a note under <a href="/uscode/text/42/3501">section 3501 of Title 42</a>, The Public Health and Welfare.</p> </div> <div class="note" topic="miscellaneous"> <span class="heading centered smallCaps">Extension of Term of Commission on Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders</span> <p>Term of Commission on Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders extended until <span class="date" date="2021-09-30">Sept. 30, 2021</span>, by <a href="https://www.govinfo.gov/link/cpd/executiveorder/13889">Ex. Ord. No. 13889</a>, <span class="date" date="2019-09-27">Sept. 27, 2019</span>, <a aria-label="84 F.R. 52743" href="/rio/citation/84_FR_52743">84 F.R. 52743</a>, formerly set out as a note under <a href="/uscode/text/5/1013">section 1013 of Title 5</a>, Government Organization and Employees.</p> </div> </div></notes> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="page-bottom" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="region region-bottom"> <div id="block-liidfp-2" class="block block-liidfp first last odd"> <div class="gfs"> <div id="div-gpt-ad-bottom" data-google-query-id="CNH77Z7C7d8CFURLAQodp9oMpg"> <script type="text/javascript"> googletag.cmd.push(function () { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-bottom'); }); </script> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <aside id="supersizeme" class="col-sm-4" aria-label="Sponsor Listings and Toolbox panel"> <div class="block" id="toolbox"> <h2 class="title toolbox"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-briefcase"></span> U.S. Code Toolbox </h2> <div class="clear-block wexlink"> <a href="/wex/wex_articles">Law about... Articles from Wex</a> </div> <div id="topnlink" class="toolboxlink"> <a href="/topn">Table of Popular Names</a> </div> <div id="ptoalink" class="toolboxlink"> <a href="/ptoa">Parallel Table of Authorities</a> </div> <div id="updatelink" class="toolboxlink"> <a href=/uscode/about/how-current>How current is this?</a> </div> <div class="socSep"> <hr /> </div> <div class="addthis_sharing_toolbox"></div> <div class="socSep"> <hr /> </div> <script type="text/javascript"> var addthis_config = { data_track_addressbar: false, data_track_clickback: true, publid: 'liiadverts', ui_tabindex: 0, ui_508_compliant: true }; var addthis_share = { url_transforms: { shorten: { twitter: 'bitly' } }, shorteners: { bitly: { login: 'liicornell', apiKey: 'R_75b99d95e1c3033c4dbea23ce04bf5d3' } }, passthrough: { twitter: { via: 'LIICornell' } } }; </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://s7.addthis.com/js/300/addthis_widget.js#pubid=liiadverts" async="async"></script> </div> <div class="block" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="gfs"> <div id='div-gpt-ad-top'> <script type='text/javascript'> googletag.cmd.push(function () { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-top'); }); </script> </div> </div> </div> <div class="block" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="gfs"> <div id='div-gpt-ad-middle'> <script type='text/javascript'> googletag.cmd.push(function () { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-middle'); }); </script> </div> </div> </div> <div id="block-lii-justia-find-lawyers-sidebar" class="block block-lii last even"> <div id="block-lii-justia-lawyers" class="block block-lii last even"> <div class="sidebar"> <div class="results-sponsored"> <div data-directive="j-find-a-lawyer" data-crosslink="seemorelawyers" data-domain="lawyers.law.cornell.edu"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </aside> </main> <footer id="liifooter" class="container-fluid"> <ul id="liifooternav" class="nav navbar-nav"> <li class="first"> <a href="/lii/about/accessibility" class="nav">Accessibility</a> </li> <li class="first"> <a href="/lii/about/about_lii" class="nav">About LII</a> </li> <li> <a href="/lii/about/contact_us" class="nav">Contact us</a> </li> <li> <a href="/lii/help_out/sponsor">Advertise here</a> </li> <li> <a href="/lii/help" class="nav">Help</a> </li> <li> <a href="/lii/terms/documentation" class="nav">Terms of use</a> </li> <li class="last"> <a href="/lii/terms/privacy_policy" class="nav">Privacy</a> </li> </ul> <ul class="nav navbar-nav navbar-right"> <li> <a href="/" title="LII home page"> <img width="62" height="43" src="https://www.law.cornell.edu/sites/all/themes/liizenboot/images/LII_logo_footer.gif" alt="LII logo"> </a> </li> </ul> </footer> <script> jQuery(document).ready(function () { jQuery("#liisearchlink").click(function () { jQuery("#liisearch").toggle('slide'); jQuery("#liinavbarstuff").toggleClass('searchboxslid'); }); }); jQuery(document).ready(function () { jQuery('[data-toggle="tooltip"]').each(function () { var $elem = jQuery(this); $elem.tooltip({ html: true, container: $elem, delay: { hide: 400 } }); }); }); </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/staticsite_scripts/htmldiff.js"> </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/staticsite_scripts/lii_scriptinator.min.js"> </script> <script> window.addEventListener("load", function () { window.cookieconsent.initialise( { "palette": { "popup": { "background": "#000" }, "button": { "background": "#f1d600" } } }) }); </script> </body>

Pages: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10