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<label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Servius the Grammarian</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in 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Available in 29 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-29" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">29 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mario_Servio_Honorato" title="Mario Servio Honorato – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Mario Servio Honorato" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%8A%D1%80_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Мавър Сервий Хонорат – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Мавър Сервий Хонорат" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurus_Servius_Honoratus" title="Maurus Servius Honoratus – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Maurus Servius Honoratus" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Servi_Maure_Honorat" title="Servi Maure Honorat – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Servi Maure Honorat" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurus_Servius_Honoratus" title="Maurus Servius Honoratus – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Maurus Servius Honoratus" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurus_Servius_Honoratus" title="Maurus Servius Honoratus – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Maurus Servius Honoratus" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%B1%CF%8D%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%A3%CE%AD%CF%81%CE%B2%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%9F%CE%BD%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%AC%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%82" title="Μαύρος Σέρβιος Ονοράτος – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μαύρος Σέρβιος Ονοράτος" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Servio" title="Servio – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Servio" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Servio" title="Servio – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Servio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%B1%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B3_(%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%B5%D8%B5_%D8%AF%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1_%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86)" title="سرویوس (متخصص دستور زبان) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سرویوس (متخصص دستور زبان)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurus_Servius_Honoratus" title="Maurus Servius Honoratus – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Maurus Servius Honoratus" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mario_Honorato_Servio" title="Mario Honorato Servio – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Mario Honorato Servio" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A7%88%EC%9A%B0%EB%A3%A8%EC%8A%A4_%EC%84%B8%EB%A5%B4%EB%B9%84%EC%9A%B0%EC%8A%A4_%ED%98%B8%EB%85%B8%EB%9D%BC%ED%88%AC%EC%8A%A4" title="마우루스 세르비우스 호노라투스 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="마우루스 세르비우스 호노라투스" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Servius" title="Servius – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Servius" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Servio_Mario_Onorato" title="Servio Mario Onorato – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Servio Mario Onorato" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%95%D7%99%D7%95%D7%A1" title="סרוויוס – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="סרוויוס" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurus_Servius_Honoratus" title="Maurus Servius Honoratus – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Maurus Servius Honoratus" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Servius_Maurus_Honoratus" title="Servius Maurus Honoratus – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Servius Maurus Honoratus" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Servius_(grammaticus)" title="Servius (grammaticus) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Servius (grammaticus)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9E%E3%82%A6%E3%83%AB%E3%82%B9%E3%83%BB%E3%82%BB%E3%83%AB%E3%82%A6%E3%82%A3%E3%82%A6%E3%82%B9%E3%83%BB%E3%83%9B%E3%83%8E%E3%83%A9%E3%83%88%E3%82%A5%E3%82%B9" title="マウルス・セルウィウス・ホノラトゥス – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="マウルス・セルウィウス・ホノラトゥス" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Servius" title="Servius – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Servius" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serwiusz_(gramatyk)" title="Serwiusz (gramatyk) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Serwiusz (gramatyk)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A1rio_S%C3%A9rvio_Honorato" title="Mário Sérvio Honorato – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Mário Sérvio Honorato" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%80_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Мавр Сервий Гонорат – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Мавр Сервий Гонорат" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mauro_Servije_Honorat" title="Mauro Servije Honorat – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Mauro Servije Honorat" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurus_Servius_Honoratus" title="Maurus Servius Honoratus – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Maurus Servius Honoratus" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurus_Servius_Honoratus" title="Maurus Servius Honoratus – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Maurus Servius Honoratus" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%80_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B9_%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Мавр Сервій Гонорат – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Мавр Сервій Гонорат" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8E%AB%E9%B2%81%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E5%A1%9E%E5%B0%94%E7%BB%B4%E4%B9%8C%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E8%AF%BA%E6%8B%89%E5%9B%BE%E6%96%AF" title="莫鲁斯·塞尔维乌斯·诺拉图斯 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="莫鲁斯·塞尔维乌斯·诺拉图斯" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span 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Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Servius+the+Grammarian%22">"Servius the Grammarian"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Servius+the+Grammarian%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Servius+the+Grammarian%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Servius+the+Grammarian%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Servius+the+Grammarian%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Servius+the+Grammarian%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">October 2021</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Servius.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Servius.jpg/220px-Servius.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="289" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ad/Servius.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="320" data-file-height="420" /></a><figcaption>Servius commenting Virgil (France, 15th century).</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Vergilius,_Basel_1544.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Vergilius%2C_Basel_1544.jpg/220px-Vergilius%2C_Basel_1544.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="334" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Vergilius%2C_Basel_1544.jpg/330px-Vergilius%2C_Basel_1544.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Vergilius%2C_Basel_1544.jpg/440px-Vergilius%2C_Basel_1544.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1451" data-file-height="2205" /></a><figcaption>16th century edition of Virgil with Servius' commentary printed to the left of the text.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Servius</b>, distinguished as <b>Servius the Grammarian</b> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Lang-la&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template:Lang-la (page does not exist)">Template:Lang-la</a> or <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">Seruius Grammaticus</i></span>), was a late fourth-century and early fifth-century <a href="/wiki/Philologist" class="mw-redirect" title="Philologist">grammarian</a>. He earned a contemporary reputation as the most learned man of his generation in <a href="/wiki/Roman_Italy" title="Roman Italy">Italy</a>; he <a href="/wiki/Author" title="Author">authored</a> a set of <a href="/wiki/Commentary_(philology)" title="Commentary (philology)">commentaries</a> on the works of <a href="/wiki/Virgil" title="Virgil">Virgil</a>. These works, <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">In Tria Virgilii Opera Expositio</i></span> ("Exposition on Three Works of Virgil") or <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">Commentarii in Vergilii Opera</i></span> ("Commentaries on the Works of Vergil"), constituted the first <a href="/wiki/Incunabulum" class="mw-redirect" title="Incunabulum">incunable</a> to be printed at <a href="/wiki/Florence" title="Florence">Florence</a>, by <a href="/wiki/Bernardo_Cennini" title="Bernardo Cennini">Bernardo Cennini</a>, in 1471. </p><p>In the <i>Saturnalia</i> of <a href="/wiki/Macrobius" title="Macrobius">Macrobius</a>, Servius appears as one of the interlocutors; allusions in that work and a letter from <a href="/wiki/Quintus_Aurelius_Symmachus" title="Quintus Aurelius Symmachus">Symmachus</a> to Servius indicate that he was not a convert to Christianity.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Name">Name</h2></div> <p>The name Servius also appears as Seruius owing to the conflation of the <a href="/wiki/Latin_orthography" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin orthography">Latin</a> letters <a href="/wiki/V" title="V">V</a> and <a href="/wiki/U" title="U">U</a> from antiquity until as late as the 18th century. Many medieval manuscripts of Servius's commentaries give him the <a href="/wiki/Praenomen" title="Praenomen">praenomen</a> <a href="/wiki/Marius_(name)" title="Marius (name)"><b>Marius</b></a> or <b><a href="/wiki/Maurus" class="mw-disambig" title="Maurus">Maurus</a></b> and the <a href="/wiki/Cognomen" title="Cognomen">cognomen</a> <a href="/wiki/Honoratus_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Honoratus (disambiguation)"><b>Honoratus</b></a>. The authenticity of these names—shared by Christian saints—is now doubted.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Commentary_on_Virgil">Commentary on Virgil</h2></div> <p>The commentary on <a href="/wiki/Virgil" title="Virgil">Virgil</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Aeneid" title="Aeneid">Aeneid</a></i> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Lang-la&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template:Lang-la (page does not exist)">Template:Lang-la</a> or <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">In Aeneida</i></span>) survives in two distinct manuscript traditions.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The first is a comparatively short commentary, attributed to Servius in the superscription in the manuscripts and by other internal evidence. The second class derive from the 10th and 11th centuries, embed the same text in a much expanded commentary. The copious additions are in contrasting style to the original; none of these manuscripts bears Servius' name, and the commentary is known traditionally as <i>Servius auctus</i> or <i>Servius Danielis</i>, from Pierre Daniel who first published it in 1600.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>"The added matter is undoubtedly ancient, dating from a time but little removed from that of Servius, and is founded to a large extent on historical and antiquarian literature which is now lost. The writer is anonymous and probably a Christian",<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> although one proposed author, <a href="/wiki/Aelius_Donatus" title="Aelius Donatus">Aelius Donatus</a>, was a Christian. </p><p>A third class of manuscripts, written for the most part in Italy, includes the core text with interpolated <a href="/wiki/Scholia" title="Scholia">scholia</a>, which demonstrate the continued usefulness of the <i>Virgilii Opera Expositio</i>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_works">Other works</h2></div> <p>Besides the Virgilian commentary, other works of Servius are extant: a collection of notes on the grammar (<i>Ars grammatica</i>) of Aelius Donatus; a treatise on metrical endings in verse (<i>De finalibus</i>); and a tract on the different <a href="/wiki/Poetic_meter" class="mw-redirect" title="Poetic meter">poetic meters</a> (<i>De centum metris</i>). </p><p>The edition of Georg Thilo and Hermann Hagen (1878–1902), remains the only edition of the whole of Servius' work. Currently in development is the Harvard Servius (<i>Servianorum in Vergilii Carmina Commentariorum: Editionis Harvardianae</i>); of the projected five volumes, two have so far appeared: ii (Aeneid 1–2), 1946, and iii (Aeneid 3–5), 1965. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.enotes.com/topics/macrobius/critical-essays/criticism">"Macrobius Criticism - Essay - eNotes.com"</a>. <i>eNotes</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-09-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=eNotes&rft.atitle=Macrobius+Criticism+-+Essay+-+eNotes.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.enotes.com%2Ftopics%2Fmacrobius%2Fcritical-essays%2Fcriticism&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AServius+the+Grammarian" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Robert A. Kaster, <i>Guardians of Language: The Grammarian and Society in Late Antiquity</i> (Berkeley, 1997), p. 357. <i><a href="/wiki/Oxford_Classical_Dictionary" title="Oxford Classical Dictionary">Oxford Classical Dictionary</a></i>, "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://oxfordre.com/classics/view/10.1093/acrefore/9780199381135.001.0001/acrefore-9780199381135-e-5866">Servius, grammarian and commentator</a>". <i><a href="/wiki/PLRE" class="mw-redirect" title="PLRE">PLRE</a></i>, vol. 1, p. 827.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The manuscript tradition is examined by Charles E. Murgia, <i>Prolegomena to Servius 5: the manuscripts</i> (University of California Classical Studies 11), University of California Press, 1975.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="languageicon">(in Italian)</span> I. Biffi and C. Marabelli (eds.), <i>Figure del pensiero medievale. Fondamenti e inizi IV-IX secolo</i>, Jaca Book, 2009, p. 306</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i> 1911: sub "Servius Maurus Honoratus"</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li>E. K. Rand, "Is Donatus's Commentary on Virgil Lost?" <i>Classical Quarterly</i> 10 (1916), 158–164. Donatus's authorship of the supplementary material.</li> <li>"The Manuscripts of the Commentary of Servius Danielis on Virgil", <i>Harvard Studies in Classical Philology</i> 43 (1932), 77–121;</li> <li>"The Manuscripts of Servius's Commentary on Virgil", <i>Harvard Studies in Classical Philology</i> 45 (1934), 157–204.</li> <li>Casali, Sergio and Fabio Stok (edd.). <i>Servio: stratificazioni esegetiche e modelli culturali / Servius: exegetical stratifications and cultural models</i> (Bruxelles: Éditions Latomus, 2008) (Collection Latomus, 317).</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Maurus_Servius_Honoratus" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Maurus Servius Honoratus">Maurus Servius Honoratus</a> at Wikimedia Commons</li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikisource-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/18px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/24px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></a></span> Latin <a href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a> has original text related to this article: <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/la:Scriptor:Maurus_Servius_Honoratus" class="extiw" title="s:la:Scriptor:Maurus Servius Honoratus">Maurus Servius Honoratus</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.02.0053"><i>Commentary on the Aeneid of Vergil</i></a> at the Perseus Project in Latin.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A2007.01.0091%3Apoem%3Dpr%3Acommline%3D1"><i>Commentary on the Eclogues of Vergil</i></a> at the Perseus Project in Latin.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.intratext.com/X/LAT0333.htm"><i>De Centum Metris</i> at Intratext.com </a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.forumromanum.org/literature/serv_cent.html"><i>De Centum Metris</i> at Forum Romanorum </a></li> <li><i>Servii grammatici qui feruntur in Vergilii carmina commentarii</i>, Georius Thilo, Hermannus Hagen (ed.), 3 vol., Lipsiae in aedibus B. G. Teubneri, 1881–1902: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/invergiliicarmin01servuoft">vol. 1</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/invergiliicarmin02servuoft">vol. 2</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/serviigrammatic01thilgoog">vol. 3 part 1</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/ServiiGrammaticiAppendixServiana1902/page/n8">vol. 3 part 2</a>.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output 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navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000015587909">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/10970700">VIAF</a></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/78772467">2</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/98158790503638850653">3</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/306452466">4</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1846833/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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