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</ul> </li> <li id="toc-Specifications" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Specifications"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Specifications</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Specifications-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Specifications subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Specifications-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-K100_models" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#K100_models"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>K100 models</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-K100_models-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-K75_models" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#K75_models"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>K75 models</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-K75_models-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Later_developments" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Later_developments"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Later developments</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Later_developments-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sales" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sales"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Sales</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sales-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header 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</div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">BMW K100</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22BMW+K100%22">"BMW K100"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22BMW+K100%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22BMW+K100%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22BMW+K100%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22BMW+K100%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22BMW+K100%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">September 2010</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Type of motorcycle</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox hproduct"><caption class="infobox-title fn">BMW K100</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:1991_BMW_K100RS_ABS.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/1991_BMW_K100RS_ABS.jpg/330px-1991_BMW_K100RS_ABS.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/1991_BMW_K100RS_ABS.jpg/500px-1991_BMW_K100RS_ABS.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/1991_BMW_K100RS_ABS.jpg/960px-1991_BMW_K100RS_ABS.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">BMW K100RS</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Manufacturer</th><td class="infobox-data brand">BMW</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Also called</th><td class="infobox-data">"Flying Brick"<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Production</th><td class="infobox-data">1982–1992</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Assembly</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Spandau" title="Spandau">Spandau</a>, Germany</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Types_of_motorcycles" title="Types of motorcycles">Class</a></th><td class="infobox-data">standard, sport touring</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Motorcycle_engine" title="Motorcycle engine">Engine</a></th><td class="infobox-data">longitudinal <a href="/wiki/Overhead_camshaft" class="mw-redirect" title="Overhead camshaft">DOHC</a> <a href="/wiki/Inline-four_engine" class="mw-redirect" title="Inline-four engine">I4</a>, 987 cc (60.2 cu in)<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorbye1984128_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorbye1984128-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Bore_(engine)" title="Bore (engine)">Bore</a> / <a href="/wiki/Stroke_(engine)" title="Stroke (engine)">stroke</a></th><td class="infobox-data">67 mm × 70 mm (2.6 in × 2.8 in)<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorbye1984128_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorbye1984128-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Compression_ratio" title="Compression ratio">Compression ratio</a></th><td class="infobox-data">10.2:1<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorbye1984128_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorbye1984128-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Top speed</th><td class="infobox-data">137 mph (220 km/h)<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorbye1984129_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorbye1984129-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Power_(physics)" title="Power (physics)">Power</a></th><td class="infobox-data">90 PS (66 kW) @ 8000 rpm<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorbye1984128–129_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorbye1984128–129-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Torque" title="Torque">Torque</a></th><td class="infobox-data">63.3 lb⋅ft (85.8 N⋅m) @ 6000 rpm<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorbye1984129_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorbye1984129-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Ignition_system" title="Ignition system">Ignition type</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Bosch LE-Jetronic<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorbye1984128_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorbye1984128-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Motorcycle_transmission" title="Motorcycle transmission">Transmission</a></th><td class="infobox-data">5-speed <a href="/wiki/Sequential_manual_transmission" title="Sequential manual transmission">sequential manual transmission</a>, counter-rotating clutch,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorbye1984129_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorbye1984129-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> shaft drive<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorbye1984128_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorbye1984128-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Motorcycle_frame" title="Motorcycle frame">Frame type</a></th><td class="infobox-data">tubular steel, open cradle with engine as stressed member</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Suspension_(motorcycle)" class="mw-redirect" title="Suspension (motorcycle)">Suspension</a></th><td class="infobox-data">telescopic forks, single-sided swingarm</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Brake" title="Brake">Brakes</a></th><td class="infobox-data">triple discs</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Wheelbase" title="Wheelbase">Wheelbase</a></th><td class="infobox-data">1565 mm (Unladen)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Seat height</th><td class="infobox-data">800 mm</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Weight</th><td class="infobox-data">536 lb (243 kg)<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorbye1984129_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorbye1984129-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/Motorcycle_testing_and_measurement#Wet_weight" title="Motorcycle testing and measurement">wet</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Turning radius</th><td class="infobox-data">5.1m</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Related</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/BMW_K75" class="mw-redirect" title="BMW K75">BMW K75</a><br /><a href="/wiki/BMW_K1" title="BMW K1">BMW K1</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>BMW K100</b> is a family of four-cylinder 987 cc <a href="/wiki/Motorcycle" title="Motorcycle">motorcycles</a> that were manufactured by <a href="/wiki/BMW_Motorrad" title="BMW Motorrad">BMW</a> from 1983 to 1992. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=BMW_K100&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As the 1970s came to an end, BMW faced three problems from developing its flat-twin boxer engine further: </p> <ul><li>Emissions regulations being developed in the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> and the <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a> meant that more control was needed over the amount of fuel entering the combustion chamber. From an engineering standpoint, this was easier to achieve with more cylinders at an overall smaller displacement.</li> <li>The market-led development of bikes was leading to the Japanese factories developing smoother and quicker machines based around a four-cylinder format.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorbye1984127_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorbye1984127-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Bike comparison in the media at the time was based around top speed, and a four-cylinder when fully developed created more power.</li></ul> <p>In combination, this meant that BMW's marketing to users of a superior bike, allowing them to price at a premium, was being quickly lost, resulting in a loss of sales and market share. </p><p>At the time, BMW, Moto Guzzi, and <a href="/wiki/Harley-Davidson" title="Harley-Davidson">Harley-Davidson</a> were the only major "high end" manufacturers that did not offer liquid-cooled engines. Competing brands, notably of Japanese manufacture, were touting the superiority of their liquid-cooled engines and had introduced low maintenance shaft-drive technology in a growing number of their models. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Concept">Concept</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=BMW_K100&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Concept"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>BMW needed to develop a clean-burning four-cylinder engine quickly. While a <a href="/wiki/Flat-four_engine" title="Flat-four engine">flat-four engine</a> would have been suited to their boxer tradition and experience, it would also give the appearance that they were copying <a href="/wiki/Honda" title="Honda">Honda</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Honda_Gold_Wing" title="Honda Gold Wing">GL1000 Gold Wing</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBackus2009_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBackus2009-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1977, Josef Fritzenwenger presented a prototype using a <a href="/wiki/PSA-Renault_X-Type_engine" title="PSA-Renault X-Type engine">PSA-Renault X-Type engine</a> from a <a href="/wiki/Peugeot_104" title="Peugeot 104">Peugeot 104</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-30thBirthday_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30thBirthday-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The engine, which was installed in the 104 at a 72° angle, was laid flat in the frame with the crankshaft on the right, <a href="/wiki/Longitudinal_engine" title="Longitudinal engine">running parallel to the centre line of the frame</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorbye1984127_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorbye1984127-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This layout, for which BMW submitted a patent application, was well suited to BMW's traditional shaft drive, needing only one 90° bevel drive to transmit power to the rear wheel. Using shaft drive with the near-vertical <a href="/wiki/Transverse_engine" title="Transverse engine">transverse engine</a> preferred by <a href="/wiki/Universal_Japanese_Motorcycle" title="Universal Japanese Motorcycle">the Japanese manufacturers at the time</a> would have needed two 90° bevel drives, doubling the power lost to the inefficiency of these units.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorbye1984128_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorbye1984128-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The new layout also kept the bike's centre of gravity low, which improved the bike's handling, and made space behind the front wheel available for the radiator. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Design_and_development">Design and development</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=BMW_K100&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Design and development"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bmw_k100_engine_i4_1000cc_k100rs.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Closeup picture of BMW K100 engine. Also shows some black bodywork, forks and a front brake caliper" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Bmw_k100_engine_i4_1000cc_k100rs.jpg/250px-Bmw_k100_engine_i4_1000cc_k100rs.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Bmw_k100_engine_i4_1000cc_k100rs.jpg/330px-Bmw_k100_engine_i4_1000cc_k100rs.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Bmw_k100_engine_i4_1000cc_k100rs.jpg/500px-Bmw_k100_engine_i4_1000cc_k100rs.jpg 2x" data-file-width="744" data-file-height="533" /></a><figcaption>K100 engine closeup</figcaption></figure> <p>Fritzenwenger's concept was developed by a team led by Stefan Pachernegg<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorbye1984129_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorbye1984129-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> based on criteria set out by R. P. Michel and K. V. Gevert. Martin Probst, who had earlier worked with the development of BMW's <a href="/wiki/Formula_Two" title="Formula Two">Formula Two</a> engine, was responsible for engine testing and development.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorbye1984128_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorbye1984128-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As an automobile manufacturer, BMW had about twenty years of experience with liquid-cooled overhead camshaft inline engines. This was carried over to the K100 engine, which used a <a href="/wiki/Robert_Bosch_GmbH" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert Bosch GmbH">Bosch</a> <a href="/wiki/Jetronic" title="Jetronic">LE-Jetronic</a> fuel injection similar to that being introduced on their <a href="/wiki/BMW_3_Series_(E30)" title="BMW 3 Series (E30)">second generation 3 Series cars</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWade2004109_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWade2004109-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Replacing the Bing carburettors traditionally used on BMW motorcycles, the fuel injection system increased power, broadened and smoothed the powerband,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2014)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> and reduced fuel consumption, partly by shutting off fuel under deceleration to 2000 rpm.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorbye1984128_2-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorbye1984128-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The engine also featured a breaker-less electronic ignition system.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorbye1984128_2-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENorbye1984128-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The engine was positioned with the crankshaft on the right-hand side of the motorcycle and the cylinder head, camshafts, injectors and spark plugs on the left-hand side. This improved access to the engine over that of a conventional design, where the crankshaft would be at the bottom and the cylinder head and associated parts would be between the engine block and the upper frame. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="K75">K75</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=BMW_K100&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: K75"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Type of motorcycle</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /><table class="infobox hproduct"><caption class="infobox-title fn">BMW K75</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:BMW_K75.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Blue BMW K75 fitted with topbox, parked in a pedestrian area" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/BMW_K75.jpg/250px-BMW_K75.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/BMW_K75.jpg/330px-BMW_K75.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/BMW_K75.jpg/500px-BMW_K75.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="426" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">1993 BMW K75</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Manufacturer</th><td class="infobox-data brand">BMW</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Production</th><td class="infobox-data">1985–1995</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Assembly</th><td class="infobox-data">Germany</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Types_of_motorcycles" title="Types of motorcycles">Class</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Types_of_motorcycles#Standard" title="Types of motorcycles">Standard</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Motorcycle_engine" title="Motorcycle engine">Engine</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Longitudinal <a href="/wiki/Overhead_camshaft" class="mw-redirect" title="Overhead camshaft">DOHC</a> <a href="/wiki/Straight-three_engine" title="Straight-three engine">I3</a>, 740 cc (45 cu in)<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBoehm199536_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBoehm199536-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Bore_(engine)" title="Bore (engine)">Bore</a> / <a href="/wiki/Stroke_(engine)" title="Stroke (engine)">stroke</a></th><td class="infobox-data">67 mm × 70 mm (2.6 in × 2.8 in)<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBoehm199536_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBoehm199536-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Compression_ratio" title="Compression ratio">Compression ratio</a></th><td class="infobox-data">11.0:1<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAnderson198576_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnderson198576-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />10.5:1<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBoehm199536_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBoehm199536-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Top speed</th><td class="infobox-data">131 mph (211 km/h)<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2014)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Power_(physics)" title="Power (physics)">Power</a></th><td class="infobox-data">75 hp (56 kW) @ 8000 rpm<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2014)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Torque" title="Torque">Torque</a></th><td class="infobox-data">50 lb⋅ft (68 N⋅m) @ 6000 rpm<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2014)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Ignition_system" title="Ignition system">Ignition type</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Bosch L-Jetronic<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBoehm199536_9-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBoehm199536-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Motorcycle_transmission" title="Motorcycle transmission">Transmission</a></th><td class="infobox-data">5-speed <a href="/wiki/Sequential_manual_transmission" title="Sequential manual transmission">sequential manual transmission</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBoehm199536_9-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBoehm199536-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> shaft drive</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Motorcycle_frame" title="Motorcycle frame">Frame type</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Tubular steel, open cradle with engine as stressed member</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Suspension_(motorcycle)" class="mw-redirect" title="Suspension (motorcycle)">Suspension</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Telescopic forks,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBoehm199536_9-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBoehm199536-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> single-sided swingarm</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Brake" title="Brake">Brakes</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Dual front discs and single rear disc,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBoehm199536_9-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBoehm199536-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or rear drum</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Bicycle_and_motorcycle_geometry#Steering_axis_angle" title="Bicycle and motorcycle geometry">Rake</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bicycle_and_motorcycle_geometry#Trail" title="Bicycle and motorcycle geometry">trail</a></th><td class="infobox-data">27.5°/3.98 in (10.1 cm)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Wheelbase" title="Wheelbase">Wheelbase</a></th><td class="infobox-data">59.7 in (152 cm)<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBoehm199536_9-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBoehm199536-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Dimensions</th><td class="infobox-data"><abbr title="Length">L</abbr>: 87.4 in (222 cm)<br /> <abbr title="Width">W</abbr>: 35.4 in (90 cm)<br /> <abbr title="Height">H</abbr>: 51.2 in (130 cm)<br /></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Seat height</th><td class="infobox-data">31.9 in (81 cm)<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBoehm199536_9-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBoehm199536-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />29.9 in (76 cm) (low seat)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Weight</th><td class="infobox-data">505 lb (229 kg) (<a href="/wiki/Motorcycle_testing_and_measurement#Dry_weight" title="Motorcycle testing and measurement">dry</a>)<br />536 lb (243 kg) (<a href="/wiki/Motorcycle_testing_and_measurement#Wet_weight" title="Motorcycle testing and measurement">wet</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Fuel capacity</th><td class="infobox-data">5.54 US gal (21.0 L)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Fuel consumption</th><td class="infobox-data">59 mpg<sub>‑US</sub> (4.0 l/100 km)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Related</th><td class="infobox-data">BMW K100<br /><a href="/wiki/BMW_K1" title="BMW K1">BMW K1</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:BMW_k75t.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Black BMW K75T with top box and panniers, parked on a driveway in front of a house and metal gates" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/BMW_k75t.jpg/250px-BMW_k75t.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/BMW_k75t.jpg/330px-BMW_k75t.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/BMW_k75t.jpg/500px-BMW_k75t.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>1987 BMW K75T</figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>BMW K75</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Types_of_motorcycles#Standard" title="Types of motorcycles">standard</a> <a href="/wiki/Motorcycle" title="Motorcycle">motorcycle</a> produced by <a href="/wiki/BMW_Motorrad" title="BMW Motorrad">BMW Motorrad</a> from 1985 to 1995. </p><p>The three-cylinder BMW K75 was developed alongside the K100, but was introduced a year after the K100 as a marketing strategy.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAnderson198576_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnderson198576-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDean198640_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDean198640-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The K75 engine had the same bore and stroke as the K100, yielding a displacement of 740 cc.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDean198640_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDean198640-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its crankshaft had 120° between the throws<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAnderson198577_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnderson198577-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECathcart198525_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECathcart198525-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and was counterbalanced by balance weights added to the water pump accessory shaft, which ran at engine speed as is correct for a 120° straight-three engine.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAnderson198576_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnderson198576-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The balance shaft made the K75's engine smoother than the K100's engine.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAnderson198576_10-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnderson198576-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMillch200829_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMillch200829-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To increase the smaller engine's power, the K75's engine was given longer valve timing,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAnderson198576_10-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnderson198576-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the compression ratio was increased to 11.0:1 from the K100's 10.2:1,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAnderson198576_10-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnderson198576-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDean198641_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDean198641-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the combustion chambers were redesigned, the intake manifold was shortened, and the exhaust system was retuned.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDean198641_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDean198641-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The US market engine, specified to meet <a href="/wiki/United_States_Environmental_Protection_Agency" title="United States Environmental Protection Agency">Environmental Protection Agency</a> (EPA) requirements, produced 68 hp (51 kW); engines for all other markets produced 75 hp (56 kW). </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Vliegende_baksteen02.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Vliegende_baksteen02.JPG/250px-Vliegende_baksteen02.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Vliegende_baksteen02.JPG/330px-Vliegende_baksteen02.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Vliegende_baksteen02.JPG/500px-Vliegende_baksteen02.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>K75 valve cover</figcaption></figure> <p>The front engine mounts on the K75 frame are placed further back than in the K100 frame and the downtubes are at a different angle; otherwise, the frames are identical. The K75 had the same wheelbase, seat height, and steering geometry as the K100.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAnderson198576_10-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnderson198576-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to BMW, 80 percent of the K75's parts are interchangeable with the K100's.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDean198640_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDean198640-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The K75's radiator and fuel tank were smaller than those on the K100.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAnderson198576_10-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnderson198576-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Specifications">Specifications</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=BMW_K100&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Specifications"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A single-sided hollow <a href="/wiki/Swingarm" title="Swingarm">swingarm</a> enclosing the drive shaft provides the right-side drive through the gearbox and to the rear wheel. The 4-into-1 all stainless steel exhaust exits on the left-hand side. </p><p>Brakes are two-piston <a href="/wiki/Brembo" title="Brembo">Brembo</a> calipers onto undrilled discs. Two different <a href="/wiki/Motorcycle_fork" title="Motorcycle fork">fork</a> manufactures are used: Showa with an outer upper tube diameter of 1.612 in (40.9 mm) and Fichtel and Sachs measuring 1.627 in (41.3 mm). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="K100_models">K100 models</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=BMW_K100&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: K100 models"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:BMW_K100_RT_street_bike.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/BMW_K100_RT_street_bike.jpg/250px-BMW_K100_RT_street_bike.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/BMW_K100_RT_street_bike.jpg/330px-BMW_K100_RT_street_bike.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/BMW_K100_RT_street_bike.jpg/500px-BMW_K100_RT_street_bike.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4321" data-file-height="2657" /></a><figcaption>K100RT</figcaption></figure> <ul><li>K100, with no <a href="/wiki/Motorcycle_fairing" title="Motorcycle fairing">fairing</a></li> <li>K100RS, with sports fixed fairing and lower handlebars</li> <li>K100RT, with full touring fairing</li> <li>K100LT, with higher screen and additional standard equipment for 'Luxury Touring'</li> <li>K100TIC, developed as an Authorities vehicle to support a variety of emergency services configurations including Police, Ambulance, Fire, and Military, this model designation only existed until the end of the 1985 model year. It was equipped with a high output alternator, taller first gearing, and supplementary wiring harnesses to support a variety of equipment options</li></ul> <p>All K100 models have dual front and single rear disk brakes. The RS model has taller gearing than other models.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The K-series has additional refinements including aluminium fuel tanks,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMillch200829_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMillch200829-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> adjustable headlights, high capacity 460 watt alternators, Hella accessory plug-in, and self-cancelling turn signal lights. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="K75_models">K75 models</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=BMW_K100&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: K75 models"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:BMW_K75S_ABS.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Red BMW K75S with top box and panniers, parked on a city street" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/BMW_K75S_ABS.jpg/250px-BMW_K75S_ABS.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="187" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/BMW_K75S_ABS.jpg/330px-BMW_K75S_ABS.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/BMW_K75S_ABS.jpg/500px-BMW_K75S_ABS.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2643" data-file-height="2244" /></a><figcaption>K75S with belly pan and touring bags</figcaption></figure> <ul><li>K75, a naked bike with no fairing</li> <li>K75T, a US-only touring model with a windscreen, touring bags, engine crash bars, and a rear top case<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2015)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li>K75C, with a small cockpit fairing mounted to the handlebar<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAnderson198576–77_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnderson198576–77-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>K75S, with sport fairing, stiffer suspension, and lower and narrower handlebars<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>K75RT, with full touring fairing<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThompson199331_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThompson199331-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>The S and RT versions have a rear disc brake and 17" rear wheels, whereas the others have a single leading shoe drum brake and 18" rear wheels. A stiffer "anti-dive" front suspension was added to the S and RT models. The later RT versions had an adjustable windshield that could be raised and lowered. Some taller riders complained of wind buffeting with the smaller S model stock windscreens.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2014)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Later_developments">Later developments</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=BMW_K100&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Later developments"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The same team later developed an improved four-valve-per-cylinder head for the aerodynamic <a href="/wiki/BMW_K1" title="BMW K1">K1</a>. In later models, the standard swingarm was replaced with a <a href="/wiki/Paralever" class="mw-redirect" title="Paralever">Paralever</a> as on the K1.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2014)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The LE Jetronic fuel injection system with separate ignition management was replaced by <a href="/wiki/Motronic" title="Motronic">Motronic</a> engine management with the introduction of four-valve cylinder heads with the 1990 K1 and the 1991 K100RS.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWade2004109_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWade2004109-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Anti-lock brakes (ABS) were developed for K100 and K75 motorcycles and were installed on later models, which were among the first production motorcycles with this feature.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMillch200829_14-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMillch200829-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1993, the fork used on the K75S was replaced by a 41 mm (1.6 in) Showa fork. In 1994, the electrical system was given a larger 700 watt alternator and a smaller 19 Ah battery.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBoehm199536_9-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBoehm199536-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For 1995 anti-lock braking was standard on the K75S.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBoehm199539_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBoehm199539-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Two different forks manufacturers were used: Showa with an outer upper tube diameter of 1.612 in (41 mm) and Fichtel and Sachs measuring 1.627 in (41 mm). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sales">Sales</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=BMW_K100&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Sales"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Although sales were initially modest, buyers eventually warmed to the multi-cylinder BMWs. The K100 was a relative sales success, stemming the losses to the Japanese and changing the media and public perception of BMW. </p><p>The four-cylinder engine suffered from secondary vibration, but the three-cylinder K75, with its <a href="/wiki/Balance_shaft" title="Balance shaft">balance shaft</a>, was far smoother.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMillch200829_14-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMillch200829-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The engineers had anticipated this and had designed in excellent vibration isolation, but it was the only technical glitch. </p><p>The competition was never far behind in performance on the launch, updates were modest, while engine performance was stepped up with the September 1988 launch of the radically aerodynamic <a href="/wiki/BMW_K1" title="BMW K1">BMW K1</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=BMW_K100&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Sources: <ul><li><a href="#CITEREFCathcart1985">Cathcart 1985</a>, p. 25</li> <li><a href="#CITEREFCranswick2010">Cranswick 2010</a>, p. 108</li> <li><a href="#CITEREFHolmstromNelson2009">Holmstrom & Nelson 2009</a>, pp. 173–174</li></ul> </span></li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENorbye1984128-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorbye1984128_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorbye1984128_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorbye1984128_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorbye1984128_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorbye1984128_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorbye1984128_2-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorbye1984128_2-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorbye1984128_2-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorbye1984128_2-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNorbye1984">Norbye 1984</a>, p. 128.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENorbye1984129-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorbye1984129_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorbye1984129_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorbye1984129_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorbye1984129_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorbye1984129_3-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNorbye1984">Norbye 1984</a>, p. 129.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENorbye1984128–129-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorbye1984128–129_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNorbye1984">Norbye 1984</a>, pp. 128–129.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENorbye1984127-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorbye1984127_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENorbye1984127_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNorbye1984">Norbye 1984</a>, p. 127.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBackus2009-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBackus2009_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBackus2009">Backus 2009</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30thBirthday-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30thBirthday_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bmw-motorrad.com/com/en/index.html?content=http://www.bmw-motorrad.com/com/en/individual/news/2011/motorcycles.jsp&id=2384">"Happy 30th Birthday K Series"</a>. <i>BMW Motorrad</i>. 2013-08-30. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140927144721/http://www.bmw-motorrad.com/com/en/index.html?content=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bmw-motorrad.com%2Fcom%2Fen%2Findividual%2Fnews%2F2011%2Fmotorcycles.jsp&id=2384">Archived</a> from the original on 2014-09-27<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-09-27</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BMW+Motorrad&rft.atitle=Happy+30th+Birthday+K+Series&rft.date=2013-08-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bmw-motorrad.com%2Fcom%2Fen%2Findex.html%3Fcontent%3Dhttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.bmw-motorrad.com%2Fcom%2Fen%2Findividual%2Fnews%2F2011%2Fmotorcycles.jsp%26id%3D2384&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABMW+K100" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWade2004109-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWade2004109_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWade2004109_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWade2004">Wade 2004</a>, p. 109.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBoehm199536-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBoehm199536_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBoehm199536_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBoehm199536_9-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBoehm199536_9-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBoehm199536_9-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBoehm199536_9-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBoehm199536_9-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBoehm199536_9-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBoehm199536_9-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBoehm199536_9-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBoehm1995">Boehm 1995</a>, p. 36.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnderson198576-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAnderson198576_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAnderson198576_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAnderson198576_10-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAnderson198576_10-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAnderson198576_10-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAnderson198576_10-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAnderson198576_10-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAnderson198576_10-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAnderson1985">Anderson 1985</a>, p. 76.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDean198640-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDean198640_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDean198640_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDean198640_11-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDean1986">Dean 1986</a>, p. 40.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnderson198577-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAnderson198577_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAnderson1985">Anderson 1985</a>, p. 77.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECathcart198525-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECathcart198525_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCathcart1985">Cathcart 1985</a>, p. 25.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMillch200829-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMillch200829_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMillch200829_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMillch200829_14-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMillch200829_14-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMillch2008">Millch 2008</a>, p. 29.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDean198641-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDean198641_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDean198641_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDean1986">Dean 1986</a>, p. 41.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111011145735/http://flyingbrick.de/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=48&Itemid=27&lang=en">"Type Overview"</a>. <i>flyingbrick.de</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-09-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=flyingbrick.de&rft.atitle=Type+Overview&rft.date=2010&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.flyingbrick.de%2Findex.php%3Foption%3Dcom_content%26view%3Darticle%26id%3D48%26Itemid%3D27%26lang%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABMW+K100" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnderson198576–77-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAnderson198576–77_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAnderson1985">Anderson 1985</a>, pp. 76–77.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#K75SImpression">"Driving Impression: BMW K75S"</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Cycle_World" title="Cycle World">Cycle World</a></i>, December 1986, p.43</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEThompson199331-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThompson199331_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFThompson1993">Thompson 1993</a>, p. 31.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBoehm199539-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBoehm199539_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBoehm1995">Boehm 1995</a>, p. 39.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=BMW_K100&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAnderson1985" class="citation journal cs1">Anderson, Steve (December 1985). Dean, Paul (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=KEtpOie7PjkC&pg=PARA13-PA76">"Driving Impression: BMW K75 - Four Minus One Equals K75"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Cycle_World" title="Cycle World">Cycle World</a></i>. <b>24</b> (12). Newport Beach, CA US: CBS Magazines: 76. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0011-4286">0011-4286</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-09-29</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cycle+World&rft.atitle=Driving+Impression%3A+BMW+K75+-+Four+Minus+One+Equals+K75&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=12&rft.pages=76&rft.date=1985-12&rft.issn=0011-4286&rft.aulast=Anderson&rft.aufirst=Steve&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DKEtpOie7PjkC%26pg%3DPARA13-PA76&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABMW+K100" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBackus2009" class="citation web cs1">Backus, Richard (2009-05-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.motorcycleclassics.com/motorcycle-reviews/1989-1993-BMW-K1.aspx">"1989-1993 BMW K1 - Classic German Motorcycles"</a>. Motorcycle Classics<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Los Angeles, CA US: Petersen Publishing: <span class="nowrap">32–</span>39. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0027-2205">0027-2205</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Motorcyclist&rft.atitle=Motorcyclist+Comparison+Test%3A+Sensible+Shooze&rft.issue=1174&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E32-%3C%2Fspan%3E39&rft.date=1995-02&rft.issn=0027-2205&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABMW+K100" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCathcart1985" class="citation journal cs1">Cathcart, Alan (October 1985). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=KEtpOie7PjkC&pg=PARA11-PA25">"Letter from Europe"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Cycle_World" title="Cycle World">Cycle World</a></i>. <b>24</b> (10). 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Jefferson, NC US: McFarland. p. 108. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7864-4351-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7864-4351-2"><bdi>978-0-7864-4351-2</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/LCCN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="LCCN (identifier)">LCCN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lccn.loc.gov/10017738">10017738</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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(April 1986). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=bqd6AF2LKdoC&pg=PARA3-PA38">"Cycle World Test: BMW K75C - When The Ride Matters"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Cycle_World" title="Cycle World">Cycle World</a></i>. <b>25</b> (4). Newport Beach, CA US: CBS Magazines: <span class="nowrap">38–</span>43. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0011-4286">0011-4286</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-10-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cycle+World&rft.atitle=Cycle+World+Test%3A+BMW+K75C+-+When+The+Ride+Matters&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E38-%3C%2Fspan%3E43&rft.date=1986-04&rft.issn=0011-4286&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dbqd6AF2LKdoC%26pg%3DPARA3-PA38&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABMW+K100" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="K75SImpression" class="citation journal cs1">Dean, Paul, ed. (December 1986). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=bqd6AF2LKdoC&pg=PARA11-PA43">"Driving Impression: BMW K75S"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Cycle_World" title="Cycle World">Cycle World</a></i>. <b>25</b> (12). Newport Beach, CA US: CBS Magazines: 43. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0011-4286">0011-4286</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-09-26</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cycle+World&rft.atitle=Driving+Impression%3A+BMW+K75S&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=12&rft.pages=43&rft.date=1986-12&rft.issn=0011-4286&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dbqd6AF2LKdoC%26pg%3DPARA11-PA43&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABMW+K100" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHolmstromNelson2009" class="citation book cs1">Holmstrom, Darwin & Nelson, Brian J. (2009). Klancher, Lee & Zuehlke, Jeffrey (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=yQnrSn8nNVUC"><i>BMW Motorcycles</i></a>. Minneapolis, MN US: MBI Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7603-3748-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7603-3748-6"><bdi>978-0-7603-3748-6</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/LCCN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="LCCN (identifier)">LCCN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lccn.loc.gov/2009015471">2009015471</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=BMW+Motorcycles&rft.place=Minneapolis%2C+MN+US&rft.pub=MBI+Publishing&rft.date=2009&rft_id=info%3Alccn%2F2009015471&rft.isbn=978-0-7603-3748-6&rft.aulast=Holmstrom&rft.aufirst=Darwin&rft.au=Nelson%2C+Brian+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DyQnrSn8nNVUC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABMW+K100" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMillch2008" class="citation journal cs1">Millch, Ed (November 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=btZ6X8N3HIcC&pg=PA29">"Bike Buys: BMW K-bike - BMW's Very Special K"</a>. <i>Sports Car Market</i>. Portland, OR US: Automotive Investor Media Group: 29. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1527-859X">1527-859X</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-09-27</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sports+Car+Market&rft.atitle=Bike+Buys%3A+BMW+K-bike+-+BMW%27s+Very+Special+K&rft.pages=29&rft.date=2008-11&rft.issn=1527-859X&rft.aulast=Millch&rft.aufirst=Ed&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DbtZ6X8N3HIcC%26pg%3DPA29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABMW+K100" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFNorbye1984" class="citation book cs1">Norbye, Jan P. (1984). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bmwbavariasdrivi00norb/page/117">"Economy Measures: The Isetta Solution"</a></span>. <i>BMW - Bavaria's Driving Machines</i>. Skokie, IL: Publications International. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bmwbavariasdrivi00norb/page/117">117–129</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-517-42464-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-517-42464-9"><bdi>0-517-42464-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Economy+Measures%3A+The+Isetta+Solution&rft.btitle=BMW+-+Bavaria%27s+Driving+Machines&rft.place=Skokie%2C+IL&rft.pages=117-129&rft.pub=Publications+International&rft.date=1984&rft.isbn=0-517-42464-9&rft.aulast=Norbye&rft.aufirst=Jan+P.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbmwbavariasdrivi00norb%2Fpage%2F117&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABMW+K100" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFThompson1993" class="citation journal cs1">Thompson, Jon F. (November 1993). Edwards, David (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=eTH-0DNDblEC&pg=PARA10-PA31">"Quick Ride: BMW K75RT"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Cycle_World" title="Cycle World">Cycle World</a></i>. <b>32</b> (11). Newport Beach, CA US: CBS Magazines: 31. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0011-4286">0011-4286</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-09-26</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cycle+World&rft.atitle=Quick+Ride%3A+BMW+K75RT&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=11&rft.pages=31&rft.date=1993-11&rft.issn=0011-4286&rft.aulast=Thompson&rft.aufirst=Jon+F.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DeTH-0DNDblEC%26pg%3DPARA10-PA31&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABMW+K100" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWade2004" class="citation book cs1">Wade, Adam (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wC2dThrY2BMC&pg=PA109"><i>Motorcycle Fuel Injection Handbook</i></a>. St. Paul, MN US: Motorbooks International. p. 109. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7603-1635-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-7603-1635-X"><bdi>0-7603-1635-X</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-09-26</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Motorcycle+Fuel+Injection+Handbook&rft.place=St.+Paul%2C+MN+US&rft.pages=109&rft.pub=Motorbooks+International&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=0-7603-1635-X&rft.aulast=Wade&rft.aufirst=Adam&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DwC2dThrY2BMC%26pg%3DPA109&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABMW+K100" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=BMW_K100&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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style="width:1%;text-align: left;background-color: #eee;">Electric</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BMW_C_evolution" title="BMW C evolution">C evolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMW_CE_02" title="BMW CE 02">CE 02</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMW_CE_04" title="BMW CE 04">CE 04</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">F series</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;background-color: #eee;">Single cylinder</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BMW_F_series_single-cylinder" title="BMW F series single-cylinder">F650 Funduro, F650ST Strada, F650GS (single) & F650GS Dakar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMW_F650CS" title="BMW F650CS">F650CS Scarver</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;background-color: #eee;">Twin cylinder</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BMW_F_series_parallel-twin" title="BMW F series parallel-twin">F650GS (twin), F700GS, F800GS & F800GSA</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=BMW_F750GS&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="BMW F750GS (page does not exist)">F750GS</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=BMW_F850GS&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="BMW F850GS (page does not exist)">F850GS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMW_F800GT" title="BMW F800GT">F800GT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMW_F800R" title="BMW F800R">F800R</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMW_F800S" title="BMW F800S">F800S</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMW_F800ST" title="BMW F800ST">F800ST</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMW_F900R" title="BMW F900R">F900R</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=BMW_F900XR&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="BMW F900XR (page does not exist)">F900XR</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">G series</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BMW_G310GS" class="mw-redirect" title="BMW G310GS">G310GS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMW_G310R" class="mw-redirect" title="BMW G310R">G310R</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=BMW_G310RR&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="BMW G310RR (page does not exist)">G310RR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMW_G450X" title="BMW G450X">G450X</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMW_G650X_series" title="BMW G650X series">BMW G650X series</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMW_G650GS" title="BMW G650GS">G650GS & G650 Sertão</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">HP series</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BMW_HP2_Enduro" title="BMW HP2 Enduro">HP2 Enduro</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=BMW_HP2_Megamoto&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="BMW HP2 Megamoto (page does not exist)">HP2 Megamoto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMW_HP2_Sport" title="BMW HP2 Sport">HP2 Sport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMW_HP4" class="mw-redirect" title="BMW HP4">HP4</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">K series</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BMW_K1" title="BMW K1">K1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMW_K75" class="mw-redirect" title="BMW K75">K75</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">K100</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=BMW_K1100RT&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="BMW K1100RT (page does not exist)">K1100RT</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=BMW_K1100LT&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="BMW K1100LT (page does not exist)">K1100LT</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=BMW_K1100RS&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="BMW K1100RS (page does not exist)">K1100RS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMW_K1200GT" title="BMW K1200GT">K1200GT</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=BMW_K1200LT&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="BMW K1200LT (page does not exist)">K1200LT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMW_K1200R" title="BMW K1200R">K1200R</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMW_K1200RS" title="BMW K1200RS">K1200RS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMW_K1200S" class="mw-redirect" title="BMW K1200S">K1200S</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMW_K1300R" title="BMW K1300R">K1300R</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMW_K1300S" title="BMW K1300S">K1300S</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMW_K1300GT" class="mw-redirect" title="BMW K1300GT">K1300GT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMW_K1600" title="BMW K1600">K1600 series</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">R series</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BMW_R2" title="BMW R2">R2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMW_R12_and_R17" title="BMW R12 and R17">R12 (1935)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMW_R12_(2024)" title="BMW R12 (2024)">R12 (2024)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMW_R18" title="BMW R18">R18</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMW_R27" title="BMW R27">R27</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMW_R32" title="BMW R32">R32</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMW_R45" title="BMW R45">R45</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMW_R51/3" title="BMW R51/3">R51/3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMW_R60/2" title="BMW R60/2">R60/2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMW_R65" title="BMW R65">R65</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMW_R68" title="BMW R68">R68</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMW_R69S" title="BMW R69S">R69S</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=BMW_R71&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="BMW R71 (page does not exist)">R71</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMW_R75" title="BMW R75">R75</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMW_/5_motorcycles" title="BMW /5 motorcycles">/5 series</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMW_/6_motorcycles" title="BMW /6 motorcycles">/6 series</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMW_R100" title="BMW R100">/7 series</a></li> <li>R80</li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMW_R80G/S" title="BMW R80G/S">R80G/S</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMW_R90S" title="BMW R90S">R90S</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMW_R100" title="BMW R100">R100RT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMW_R100" title="BMW R100">R100S</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BMW_R850RT" class="mw-redirect" title="BMW R850RT">R850RT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMW_R1200RT#Authorities_models" title="BMW R1200RT">R900RT</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BMW_R1100GS" title="BMW R1100GS">R1100GS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMW_R1100R" title="BMW R1100R">R1100R</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMW_R1100RS" title="BMW R1100RS">R1100RS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMW_R1100RT" title="BMW R1100RT">R1100RT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMW_R1100S" title="BMW R1100S">R1100S</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BMW_R1150GS" title="BMW R1150GS">R1150GS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMW_R1150R" title="BMW R1150R">R1150R</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=BMW_R1150RS&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="BMW R1150RS (page does not exist)">R1150RS</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=BMW_R1150RT&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="BMW R1150RT (page does not exist)">R1150RT</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=BMW_R1150S&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="BMW R1150S (page does not exist)">R1150S</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=BMW_R1150ST&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="BMW R1150ST (page does not exist)">R1150ST</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BMW_R1200GS" title="BMW R1200GS">R1200GS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMW_R1200R" title="BMW R1200R">R1200R</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMW_R1200RS" title="BMW R1200RS">R1200RS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMW_R1200RT" title="BMW R1200RT">R1200RT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMW_R1200S" title="BMW R1200S">R1200S</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMW_R1200ST" title="BMW R1200ST">R1200ST</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMW_R1200C" title="BMW R1200C">R1200C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMW_R1200C" title="BMW R1200C">R1200CL</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BMW_R1250GS" title="BMW R1250GS">R1250GS</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=BMW_R1250R&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="BMW R1250R (page does not exist)">R1250R</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMW_R1250RS" title="BMW R1250RS">R1250RS</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=BMW_R1250RT&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="BMW R1250RT (page does not exist)">R1250RT</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BMW_R1300GS" title="BMW R1300GS">R1300GS</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BMW_R_nineT" title="BMW R nineT">R nineT</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other motorcycles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BMW_GS" title="BMW GS">GS series</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMW_S1000RR" title="BMW S1000RR">S1000RR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMW_S1000R" title="BMW S1000R">S1000R</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMW_S1000XR" title="BMW S1000XR">S1000XR</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Max_Friz" title="Max Friz">Max Friz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Jakob_Henne" title="Ernst Jakob Henne">Ernst Jakob Henne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Loof" title="Ernst Loof">Ernst Loof</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Robb_(motorcycling)" title="David Robb (motorcycling)">David Robb</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Miscellaneous</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BMW_247_engine" title="BMW 247 engine">247 engine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMW_Motorcycle_Owners_of_America" title="BMW Motorcycle Owners of America">BMW Motorcycle Owners of America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_BMW_motorcycles" title="History of BMW motorcycles">History of BMW motorcycles</a></li> <li><a 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