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Medical Steel</span></div></div></header> <section class="hero-banner" style="background-image:url(https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/metals/wp-content/uploads/sites/4/2024/11/iStock-1458488092_surgicalinstruments-e1731425773561.jpg)"> </section> <div class="site-inner"><div class="content-sidebar-wrap"><main class="content"><article class="post-12593 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail category-general-industry-metals category-manufacturing-quality-assurance category-metals-and-alloys category-positive-material-identification category-steel tag-medical-steel tag-medical-steel-standards tag-stainless-steel tag-steel-manufacturing tag-surgical-steel entry" aria-label="Say Goodbye to Sulphur Surprises in Medical Steel"><header class="entry-header"><h1 class="entry-title">Say Goodbye to Sulphur Surprises in Medical Steel</h1> <span class="post-info-author"> By <a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/author/marklang/" title="Posts by Mark Lang" rel="author">Mark Lang</a> </span> <span class="post-info-date"> 11.19.2024 </span> </header><div class="entry-content"><p>Sulphur is typically considered an impurity in medical-grade stainless steel and is generally kept at low levels. The presence of sulphur in stainless steel can have several effects on its properties. While small amounts of sulphur can improve machinability by promoting the formation of manganese sulfides, higher levels can lead to decreased corrosion resistance and mechanical properties, which are critical for medical applications.</p> <p>Medical-grade stainless steels, such as 316L, are designed to meet stringent requirements for biocompatibility, corrosion resistance, and mechanical strength. The “L” in 316L stands for “low carbon,” which helps to minimize the formation of chromium carbides and thus enhances corrosion resistance, especially in chloride environments.</p> <p>To ensure the material meets the necessary standards for medical use, the composition of the <a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/us/en/home/industrial/manufacturing-processing/steel-manufacturing.html?icid=CAD_blog_metals_202Nov">stainless steel</a> is carefully controlled, and impurities like sulphur are kept to a minimum. The typical maximum sulphur content in medical grade 316L stainless steel is around 0.03% by weight.</p> <p>In summary, while sulphur can be present in medical-grade stainless steel, its content is strictly regulated to maintain its desired properties and ensure its suitability for medical applications.</p> <h2>ASTM Standards</h2> <p>According to <a href="https://www.astm.org/products-services/standards-and-publications/standards/medical-device-standards-and-implant-standards.html#section16">ASTM’s website</a>, its “medical device and implant standards are instrumental in specifying and evaluating the design and performance requirements of a number of biomedical materials, tools, and equipment. These apparatuses are used in surgical procedures that involve the placement of such devices to specified parts and structures of the body (both humans and animals) for the purpose of enhancement or as an aid in a disability. These medical device and implant standards allow material and product manufacturers, medical laboratories, and other concerned institutions to inspect and assess such instruments to ensure proper quality and workmanship.”</p> <p>ASTM (formerly the American Society for Testing and Materials, and now known as ASTM International) is an organization that develops and publishes voluntary international standards for the quality and safety of materials, products, and systems.</p> <p>For example, the international standard <a href="https://www.astm.org/f0899-20.html">ASTM F899-20</a> covers the chemical requirements for wrought stainless steels used for the manufacture of surgical instruments. The specification notes for reference typical hardness values, common heat treating cycles, and examples of selected stainless steels that have been used for surgical instruments. Mechanical property requirements, heat treating requirements, hardness requirements, and all other requirements except chemistry are governed by the appropriate material standards as referenced below or as agreed upon between the purchaser and supplier.</p> <h2>Handheld XRF Analysis Helps Meet Standards</h2> <p>Analyzing for sulphur in medical grade steel is a great application for a handheld XRF (<a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/us/en/home/industrial/manufacturing-processing/steel-manufacturing/technologies.html?icid=CAD_blog_metals_202Nov#xray-fluorescence">X-ray fluorescence</a>) analyzer designed for rapid and accurate elemental analysis of materials, including metals like stainless steel. An XRF analyzer can provide valuable insights when analyzing the content in medical-grade stainless steel.</p> <p><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/us/en/home/industrial/manufacturing-processing/steel-manufacturing/technologies.html?icid=CAD_blog_metals_202Nov#xray-fluorescence">X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy</a> is a non-destructive analytical technique used to determine the elemental composition of materials. XRF analyzers work by measuring the fluorescent (or secondary) X-rays emitted from a sample when excited by a primary X-ray source. Each of the elements present in a sample produces a set of characteristic fluorescent X-rays, or unique “fingerprints.” These fingerprints are distinct for each element, making XRF analysis an excellent tool for quantitative and qualitative measurements. In steel manufacturing, XRF is used for analysis of raw materials, slags, and alloys — as well as finished products in manufacturing.</p> <p>Here are some considerations when utilizing a <a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/us/en/home/industrial/spectroscopy-elemental-isotope-analysis/portable-analysis-material-id/niton-handheld-elemental-analyzers-industry.html?icid=CAD_blog_metals_202Nov">handheld XRF analyzer</a> for detecting sulphur in medical-grade stainless steel:</p> <ol> <li><strong>Detection capabilities</strong>: A handheld XRF analyzer can detect various elements, including light elements such as sulphur. Its advanced detector technology allows for precise measurement of low concentrations of sulphur, which is critical for helping to ensure the material meets medical standards.</li> <li><strong>Calibration and standards</strong>: To achieve accurate results, it is important that a handheld XRF analyzer is calibrated to appropriate standards representative of the material being analyzed. This helps ensure the instrument provides accurate readings for sulphur content in medical-grade stainless steel.</li> <li><strong>Non-destructive testing</strong>: One advantage of using a handheld XRF analyzer is that it allows for non-destructive testing. This means that the integrity of the medical-grade stainless steel is not compromised during analysis, which is particularly important for maintaining the quality and safety of medical devices and instruments.</li> <li><strong>Speed and efficiency</strong>: A handheld XRF analyzer provides rapid results, making it an efficient tool for quality control and assurance processes. This is beneficial in manufacturing and inspection settings where timely decision-making is critical.</li> <li><strong>Data management</strong>: Most handheld XRF analyzers are equipped with software that allows for easy data management, including the ability to store, transfer, and analyze results. This facilitates traceability and documentation, which are important aspects of compliance in the medical industry.</li> </ol> <h2>Summary</h2> <p>A <a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/us/en/home/industrial/spectroscopy-elemental-isotope-analysis/portable-analysis-material-id/niton-handheld-elemental-analyzers-industry.html?icid=CAD_blog_metals_202Nov">handheld XRF analyzer</a> is a powerful tool for detecting and quantifying sulphur content in medical-grade stainless steel. Its advanced capabilities, with proper calibration and data management, help ensure that the material meets the stringent requirements for medical applications.</p> <h2>Additional Resources</h2> <ul> <li><a href="https://www.astm.org/products-services/standards-and-publications/standards/medical-device-standards-and-implant-standards.html#section16">ASTM International</a> medical steel standards</li> <li><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/us/en/home/industrial/manufacturing-processing/steel-manufacturing.html?icid=CAD_blog_metals_202Nov">Resources for Improving Steel Manufacturing Processes and Production</a></li> <li>XRF eBook: <a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/us/en/home/global/forms/industrial/xrf-ebook-download-request.html?icid=CAD_blog_metals_202Nov"><i>“XRF Technology for Non-Scientists”</i></a></li> </ul> <aside class="mashsb-container mashsb-main "><div class="mashsb_above_buttons">Share this article </div><div class="mashsb-box"><div class="mashsb-count mash-large" 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