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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="sponge decoy technology"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 7761</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: sponge decoy technology</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7761</span> Improving the Bioprocess Phenotype of Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells Using CRISPR/Cas9 and Sponge Decoy Mediated MiRNA Knockdowns</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kevin%20Kellner">Kevin Kellner</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nga%20Lao"> Nga Lao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Orla%20Coleman"> Orla Coleman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Paula%20Meleady"> Paula Meleady</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Niall%20Barron"> Niall Barron</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells are the prominent cell line used in biopharmaceutical production. To improve yields and find beneficial bioprocess phenotypes genetic engineering plays an essential role in recent research. The miR-23 cluster, specifically miR-24 and miR-27, was first identified as differentially expressed during hypothermic conditions suggesting a role in proliferation and productivity in CHO cells. In this study, we used sponge decoy technology to stably deplete the miRNA expression of the cluster. Furthermore, we implemented the CRISPR/Cas9 system to knockdown miRNA expression. Sponge constructs were designed for an imperfect binding of the miRNA target, protecting from RISC mediated cleavage. GuideRNAs for the CRISPR/Cas9 system were designed to target the seed region of the miRNA. The expression of mature miRNA and precursor were confirmed using RT-qPCR. For both approaches stable expressing mixed populations were generated and characterised in batch cultures. It was shown, that CRISPR/Cas9 can be implemented in CHO cells with achieving high knockdown efficacy of every single member of the cluster. Targeting of one miRNA member showed that its genomic paralog is successfully targeted as well. The stable depletion of miR-24 using CRISPR/Cas9 showed increased growth and specific productivity in a CHO-K1 mAb expressing cell line. This phenotype was further characterized using quantitative label-free LC-MS/MS showing 186 proteins differently expressed with 19 involved in proliferation and 26 involved in protein folding/translation. Targeting miR-27 in the same cell line showed increased viability in late stages of the culture compared to the control. To evaluate the phenotype in an industry relevant cell line; the miR-23 cluster, miR-24 and miR-27 were stably depleted in a Fc fusion CHO-S cell line which showed increased batch titers up to 1.5-fold. In this work, we highlighted that the stable depletion of the miR-23 cluster and its members can improve the bioprocess phenotype concerning growth and productivity in two different cell lines. Furthermore, we showed that using CRISPR/Cas9 is comparable to the traditional sponge decoy technology. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chinese%20Hamster%20ovary%20cells" title="Chinese Hamster ovary cells">Chinese Hamster ovary cells</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CRISPR%2FCas9" title=" CRISPR/Cas9"> CRISPR/Cas9</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microRNAs" title=" microRNAs"> microRNAs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sponge%20decoy%20technology" title=" sponge decoy technology"> sponge decoy technology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75484/improving-the-bioprocess-phenotype-of-chinese-hamster-ovary-cells-using-crisprcas9-and-sponge-decoy-mediated-mirna-knockdowns" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75484.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">198</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7760</span> Mariculture Trials of the Philippine Blue Sponge Xestospongia sp.</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Clairecynth%20Yu">Clairecynth Yu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Geminne%20Manzano"> Geminne Manzano</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The mariculture potential of the Philippine blue sponge, Xestospongia sp. was assessed through the pilot sponge culture in the open-sea at two different biogeographic regions in the Philippines. Thirty explants were randomly allocated for the Puerto Galera, Oriental Mindoro culture setup and the other nine were transported to Lucero, Bolinao, Pangasinan. Two different sponge culture methods of the sponge explants- the lantern and the wall method, were employed to assess the production of the Renieramycin M. Both methods have shown to be effective in growing the sponge explants and that the Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) results have shown that Renieramycin M is present on the sponges. The effect of partial harvesting in the growth and survival rates of the blue sponge in the Puerto Galera setup was also determined. Results showed that a higher growth rate was observed on the partially harvested explants on both culture methods as compared to the unharvested explants. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemical%20ecology" title="chemical ecology">chemical ecology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=porifera" title=" porifera"> porifera</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sponge" title=" sponge"> sponge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xestospongia%20sp." title=" Xestospongia sp."> Xestospongia sp.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53573/mariculture-trials-of-the-philippine-blue-sponge-xestospongia-sp" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53573.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">273</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7759</span> Non-Signaling Chemokine Receptor CCRL1 and Its Active Counterpart CCR7 in Prostate Cancer</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yiding%20Qu">Yiding Qu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Svetlana%20V.%20Komarova"> Svetlana V. Komarova</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Chemokines acting through their cognate chemokine receptors guide the directional migration of the cell along the chemokine gradient. Several chemokine receptors were recently identified as non-signaling (decoy), based on their ability to bind the chemokine but produce no measurable signal in the cell. The function of these decoy receptors is not well understood. We examined the expression of a decoy receptor CCRL1 and a signaling receptor that binds to the same ligands, CCR7, in prostate cancer using publically available microarray data (www.oncomine.org). The expression of both CCRL1 and CCR7 increased in an approximately half of prostate carcinoma samples and the majority of metastatic cancer samples compared to normal prostate. Moreover, the expression of CCRL1 positively correlated with the expression of CCR7. These data suggest that CCR7 and CCRL1 can be used as clinical markers for the early detection of transformation from carcinoma to metastatic cancer. In addition, these data support our hypothesis that the non-signaling chemokine receptors actively stimulate cell migration. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bioinformatics" title="bioinformatics">bioinformatics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cell%20migration" title=" cell migration"> cell migration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decoy%20receptor" title=" decoy receptor"> decoy receptor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=meta-analysis" title=" meta-analysis"> meta-analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prostate%20cancer" title=" prostate cancer"> prostate cancer</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23226/non-signaling-chemokine-receptor-ccrl1-and-its-active-counterpart-ccr7-in-prostate-cancer" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23226.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">469</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7758</span> The City Ecological Corridor Construction Based on the Concept Of "Sponge City"（Case Study: Lishui）</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xu%20Mengyuan">Xu Mengyuan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xu%20Lei"> Xu Lei</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Behind the rapid development of Chinese city, the contradiction of frequent urban waterlogging and the shortage of water resources is deepening. In order to solve this problem, introduce the low impact development "sponge city" construction mode in the process of the construction of new urbanization in China, make our city " resilience to adapt" environmental change and natural disaster. Firstly this paper analyses the basic reason of urban waterlogging, then introduces the basic connotation and realization approach of “sponge city”. Finally, study on the project in Lishui Guazhou, focuses on the analysis of the "urban ecological corridor" construction strategy and the positive impact on city in the construction of “sponge city”. Meanwhile, we put forward the ”local conditions” and ”sustainable” as the construction ideas, make use of ecological construction leading city development, explore the ecological balance through the city to enhance the regional value, and providing reference and reflection for the development and future of the “sponge city” in China. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20water%20logging" title="urban water logging">urban water logging</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sponge%20city" title=" sponge city"> sponge city</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20ecological%20corridor" title=" urban ecological corridor"> urban ecological corridor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20development" title=" sustainable development"> sustainable development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=China" title=" China"> China</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30382/the-city-ecological-corridor-construction-based-on-the-concept-of-sponge-citycase-study-lishui" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30382.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">641</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7757</span> Preliminary Study of Sponge Spicule to Understand Paleobathymetry, Sentolo Formation, Kulon Progo, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Akmaluddin">Akmaluddin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aulia%20Agus%20Patria"> Aulia Agus Patria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adniwan%20Shubhi%20Banuzaki"> Adniwan Shubhi Banuzaki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lucia%20Hardiana%20Kurnia%20Pratiwi"> Lucia Hardiana Kurnia Pratiwi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The phylum Porifera, commonly known as sponges, is a group of primitive animals living since Paleozoic-recent, currently have over 8300 described species, where the majority lives in the marine environment and sessile or in situ. Sponge spicule is one part of the body that secreted by sponge; this spicule can be well preserved because it composed of silicate material. Sponge spicule was identified based on morphological form, which was classified into two main classes, Megasclere and Microsclere. Any form of spicule morphology will indicate a particular sponge species, and it also related to the sponge living environment. Therefore, understanding the paleobathymetry using spicules can be done and more detailed because of sponge living in situ. The methods used in this paper are stratigraphic measurement, continuous sampling, and sieve preparation to dissolve calcareous and siliciclastics materials. Then, each spicule was picked by picking method for every 100 grams of each sample and identified the morphological form to determine the order and abundance of spicule. 10 samples have analyzed, 1489 spicules were identified, there were two classes of Porifera, Demospongiae, and Hexactinellida. Five orders of Porifera also identified in the research area, Haplosclerida, Hadromerida, Agelasida, Lithistids, and Lyssacinosida. The results from descriptive analysis and spicule abundance can be understood that the paleobathymetry of research area was in intertidal zone. Furthermore, the variation and abundance of sponge spicule can be used to understand the paleobathymetry and depositional environment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=paleobathymetry" title="paleobathymetry">paleobathymetry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sentolo%20formation" title=" Sentolo formation"> Sentolo formation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sponge" title=" sponge"> sponge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spicule" title=" spicule"> spicule</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87755/preliminary-study-of-sponge-spicule-to-understand-paleobathymetry-sentolo-formation-kulon-progo-daerah-istimewa-yogyakarta" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87755.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">167</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7756</span> Sponge Urbanism as a Resilient City Design to Overcome Urban Flood Risk, for the Case of Aluva, Kerala, India</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gayathri%20Pramod">Gayathri Pramod</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sheeja%20K.%20P."> Sheeja K. P.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Urban flooding has been seen rising in cities for the past few years. This rise in urban flooding is the result of increasing urbanization and increasing climate change. A resilient city design focuses on 'living with water'. This means that the city is capable of accommodating the floodwaters without having to risk any loss of lives or properties. The resilient city design incorporates green infrastructure, river edge treatment, open space design, etc. to form a city that functions as a whole for resilience. Sponge urbanism is a recent method for building resilient cities and is founded by China in 2014. Sponge urbanism is the apt method for resilience building for a tropical town like Aluva of Kerala. Aluva is a tropical town that experiences rainfall of about 783 mm per month during the rainy season. Aluva is an urbanized town which faces the risk of urban flooding and riverine every year due to the presence of Periyar River in the town. Impervious surfaces and hard construction and developments contribute towards flood risk by posing as interference for a natural flow and natural filtration of water into the ground. This type of development is seen in Aluva also. Aluva is designed in this research as a town that have resilient strategies of sponge city and which focusses on natural methods of construction. The flood susceptibility of Aluva is taken into account to design the spaces for sponge urbanism and in turn, reduce the flood susceptibility for the town. Aluva is analyzed, and high-risk zones for development are identified through studies. These zones are designed to withstand the risk of flooding. Various catchment areas are identified according to the natural flow of water, and then these catchment areas are designed to act as a public open space and as detention ponds in case of heavy rainfall. Various development guidelines, according to land use, is also prescribed, which help in increasing the green cover of the town. Aluva is then designed to be a completely flood-adapted city or sponge city according to the guidelines and interventions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=climate%20change" title="climate change">climate change</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flooding" title=" flooding"> flooding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resilient%20city" title=" resilient city"> resilient city</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sponge%20city" title=" sponge city"> sponge city</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sponge%20urbanism" title=" sponge urbanism"> sponge urbanism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urbanization" title=" urbanization"> urbanization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109889/sponge-urbanism-as-a-resilient-city-design-to-overcome-urban-flood-risk-for-the-case-of-aluva-kerala-india" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109889.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">154</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7755</span> Up-Flow Sponge Submerged Biofilm Reactor for Municipal Sewage Treatment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saber%20A.%20El-Shafai">Saber A. El-Shafai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Waleed%20M.%20Zahid"> Waleed M. Zahid</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> An up-flow submerged biofilm reactor packed with sponge was investigated for sewage treatment. The reactor was operated two cycles as single aerobic (1-1 at 3.5 L/L.d HLR and 1-2 at 3.8 L/L.day HLR) and four cycles as single anaerobic/aerobic reactor; 2-1 and 2-2 at low HLR (3.7 and 3.5 L/L.day) and 2-3 and 2-4 at high HLR (5.1 and 5.4 L/L.day). During the aerobic cycles, 50% effluent recycling significantly reduces the system performance except for phosphorous. In case of the anaerobic/aerobic reactor, the effluent recycling, significantly improves system performance at low HLR while at high HLR only phosphorous removal was improved. Excess sludge production was limited to 0.133 g TSS/g COD with better sludge volume index (SVI) in case of anaerobic/aerobic cycles; (54.7 versus 58.5 ml/g). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aerobic" title="aerobic">aerobic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anaerobic%2Faerobic" title=" anaerobic/aerobic"> anaerobic/aerobic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=up-flow" title=" up-flow"> up-flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=submerged%20biofilm" title=" submerged biofilm"> submerged biofilm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sponge" title=" sponge"> sponge</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62018/up-flow-sponge-submerged-biofilm-reactor-for-municipal-sewage-treatment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62018.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">298</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7754</span> Distribution Patterns of the Renieramycin-M-Producing Blue Sponge, Xestospongia sp. (De Laubenfels, 1932) (Phylum: Porifera, Class: Demospongiae) in Puerto Galera, Oriental Mindoro, Philippines</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Geminne%20Manzano">Geminne Manzano</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Clairecynth%20Yu"> Clairecynth Yu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lilibeth%20Salvador-Reyes"> Lilibeth Salvador-Reyes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Viviene%20Santiago"> Viviene Santiago</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Porfirio%20Ali%C3%B1O"> Porfirio AliñO</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The distribution and abundance patterns of many marine sessile organisms such as sponges vary among and within reefs. Determining the factors affecting its distribution is essential especially for organisms that produce secondary metabolites with pharmaceutical importance. In this study, the small-scale distribution patterns of the Philippine blue sponge, Xestospongia sp. in relation to some ecological factors were examined. The relationship between the renieramycin-M production and their benthic attributes were also determined. Ecological surveys were conducted on two stations with varying depth and exposure located in Oriental Mindoro, Philippines. Three 30 by 6m belt transect were used to assess the sponge abundance at each station. The substratum of the sponges was also characterized. Fish visual census observations were also taken together with the photo transect methods benthic surveys. Sponge samples were also collected for the extraction of Renieramycin-M and for further chemical analysis. Varying distribution patterns were observed to be attributed to the combination of different ecological and environmental factors. The amount of Renieramycin-production also varied in each station. The common substratum for blue sponges includes hard and soft corals, as well as, dead coral with algal patches. Blue sponges from exposed habitat frequently grow associated with massive and branching corals, Porites sp., while the most frequent substrate found on sheltered habitats is the coral Pavona sp. Exploring the influence of ecological and environmental parameters on the abundance and distribution of sponge assemblages provide ecological insights and their potential applications to pharmaceutical studies. The results of this study provide further impetus in pursuing studies into patterns and processes of the Philippine blue sponge, Xestospongia sp. distribution in relation to the chemical ecology of its secondary metabolites. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distribution%20patterns" title="distribution patterns">distribution patterns</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Porifera" title=" Porifera"> Porifera</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Renieramycin-M" title=" Renieramycin-M"> Renieramycin-M</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sponge%20assemblages" title=" sponge assemblages"> sponge assemblages</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xestospongia%20sp." title=" Xestospongia sp."> Xestospongia sp.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53572/distribution-patterns-of-the-renieramycin-m-producing-blue-sponge-xestospongia-sp-de-laubenfels-1932-phylum-porifera-class-demospongiae-in-puerto-galera-oriental-mindoro-philippines" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53572.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">266</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7753</span> Investigation of Scaling Laws for Stiffness and strength in Bioinspired Glass Sponge Structures Produced by Fused Filament Fabrication</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hassan%20Beigi%20Rizi">Hassan Beigi Rizi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Harold%20Auradou"> Harold Auradou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lamine%20Hattali"> Lamine Hattali</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Various industries, including civil engineering, automotive, aerospace, and biomedical fields, are currently seeking novel and innovative high-performance lightweight materials to reduce energy consumption. Inspired by the structure of Euplectella Aspergillum Glass Sponges (EA-sponge), 2D unit cells were created and fabricated using a Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) process with Polylactic acid (PLA) filaments. The stiffness and strength of bio-inspired EA-sponge lattices were investigated both experimentally and numerically under uniaxial tensile loading and are compared to three standard square lattices with diagonal struts (Designs B and C) and non-diagonal struts (Design D) reinforcements. The aim is to establish predictive scaling laws models and examine the deformation mechanisms involved. The results indicated that for the EA-sponge structure, the relative moduli and yield strength scaled linearly with relative density, suggesting that the deformation mechanism is stretching-dominated. The Finite element analysis (FEA), with periodic boundary conditions for volumetric homogenization, confirms these trends and goes beyond the experimental limits imposed by the FFF printing process. Therefore, the stretching-dominated behavior, investigated from 0.1 to 0.5 relative density, demonstrate that the study of EA-sponge structure can be exploited for the realization of square lattice topologies that are stiff and strong and have attractive potential for lightweight structural applications. However, the FFF process introduces an accuracy limitation, with approximately 10% error, making it challenging to print structures with a relative density below 0.2. Future work could focus on exploring the impact of different printing materials on the performance of EA-sponge structures. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bio-inspiration" title="bio-inspiration">bio-inspiration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lattice%20structures" title=" lattice structures"> lattice structures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fused%20filament%20fabrication" title=" fused filament fabrication"> fused filament fabrication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scaling%20laws" title=" scaling laws"> scaling laws</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/194587/investigation-of-scaling-laws-for-stiffness-and-strength-in-bioinspired-glass-sponge-structures-produced-by-fused-filament-fabrication" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/194587.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">6</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7752</span> Thermodynamic Analysis of Hydrogen Plasma Reduction of TiCl₄</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seok%20Hong%20Min">Seok Hong Min</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tae%20Kwon%20Ha"> Tae Kwon Ha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> With increasing demands for high performance materials, intensive interest on the Ti has been focused. Especially, low cost production process of Ti has been extremely necessitated from wide parts and various industries. Tetrachloride (TiCl₄) is produced by fluidized bed using high TiO₂ feedstock and used as an intermediate product for the production of metal titanium sponge. Reduction of TiCl₄ is usually conducted by Kroll process using magnesium as a reduction reagent, producing metallic Ti in the shape of sponge. The process is batch type and takes very long time including post processes treating sponge. As an alternative reduction reagent, hydrogen in the state of plasma has long been strongly recommended. Experimental confirmation has not been completely reported yet and more strict analysis is required. In the present study, hydrogen plasma reduction process has been thermodynamically analyzed focusing the effects of temperature, pressure and concentration. All thermodynamic calculations were performed using the FactSage® thermodynamical software. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TiCl%E2%82%84" title="TiCl₄">TiCl₄</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=titanium" title=" titanium"> titanium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrogen" title=" hydrogen"> hydrogen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plasma" title=" plasma"> plasma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reduction" title=" reduction"> reduction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermodynamic%20calculation" title=" thermodynamic calculation"> thermodynamic calculation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86053/thermodynamic-analysis-of-hydrogen-plasma-reduction-of-ticl4" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86053.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">326</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7751</span> Protein Isolates from Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) and Its Application in Cake</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Abdullah%20Ahmed">Mohamed Abdullah Ahmed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In a study of chickpea protein isolate (CPI) preparation, the wet alkaline extraction was carried out. The objectives were to determine the optimal extracting conditions of CPI and apply CPI into a sponge cake recipe to replace egg and make acceptable product. The design used in extraction was a central composite design. The response surface methodology was preferred to graphically express the relationship between extraction time and pH with the output variables of percent yield and protein content of CPI. It was noted that optimal extracting conditions were 60 min and pH 10.5 resulting in 90.07% protein content and 89.15% yield of CPI. The protein isolate (CPI) could be incorporated in cake to 20% without adversely affecting the cake physical properties such as cake hardness and sensory attributes. The higher protein content in cake was corresponding to the amount of CPI added. Therefore, adding CPI can significantly (p<0.05) increase protein content in cake. However, sensory evaluation showed that adding more than 20% of CPI decreased the overall acceptability. The results of this investigation could be used as a basic knowledge of CPI utilization in other food products. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chick%20bean%20protein%20isolate" title="chick bean protein isolate">chick bean protein isolate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sponge%20cake" title=" sponge cake"> sponge cake</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=utilization" title=" utilization"> utilization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sponge" title=" sponge "> sponge </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10335/protein-isolates-from-chickpea-cicer-arietinum-l-and-its-application-in-cake" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10335.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">366</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7750</span> The Protective Role of Decoy Receptor 3 Analogue on Rat Steatotic Liver against Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Blocking M1/Th1 Polarization and Multiple Upstream Pathogenic Cascades</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tzu-Hao%20Li">Tzu-Hao Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shie-Liang%20Hsieh"> Shie-Liang Hsieh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Han-Chieh%20Lin"> Han-Chieh Lin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ying-Ying%20Yang"> Ying-Ying Yang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> TNF superfamily-stimulated pathogenic cascades and macrophage (M1)/kupffer cells (KC) polarization are important in the pathogenesis of ischemia-reperfusion (IR) liver injury in animals with hepatic steatosis (HS). Decoy receptor 3 (DcR3) is a common upstream inhibitor of the above-mentioned pathogenic cascades. The study evaluated whether modulation of these DcR3-related cascades was able to protect steatotic liver from IR injury. Serum and hepatic DcR3 levels were lower in patients and animals with HS. Accordingly, the effects of pharmacologic and genetic DcR3 replacement on the IR-related pathogenic changes were measured. Significantly, DcR3 replacement protected IR-Zucker(HS) rats and IR-DcR3-Tg(HS) mice from IR liver injury. The beneficial effects of DcR3 replacement were accompanied by decreased serum/hepatic TNF, soluble TNF-like cytokine 1A (TL1A), Fas ligand (Fas-L) and LIGHT, T-helper-cell-1 cytokine (INF) levels, neutrophil infiltration, M1 polarization, neutrophil-macrophage/KC-T-cell interaction, hepatocyte apoptosis and improved hepatic microcirculatory failure among animals with IR-injured steatotic livers. Additionally, TL1A, Fas-L, LIGHT and TLR4/NFB signals were found to mediate the DcR3-related protective effects of steatotic livers from IR injury. Using multimodal in vivo and in vitro approaches, we found that DcR3 was a potential agent to protect steatotic livers from IR injury by simultaneous blocking the multiple IR injury-related pathogenic changes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Decoy%203%20receptor" title="Decoy 3 receptor">Decoy 3 receptor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ischemia-reperfusion%20injury" title=" ischemia-reperfusion injury"> ischemia-reperfusion injury</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M1%20polarization" title=" M1 polarization"> M1 polarization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TNF%20superfamily" title=" TNF superfamily"> TNF superfamily</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77043/the-protective-role-of-decoy-receptor-3-analogue-on-rat-steatotic-liver-against-ischemia-reperfusion-injury-by-blocking-m1th1-polarization-and-multiple-upstream-pathogenic-cascades" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77043.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">208</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7749</span> Development of Ornamental Seedlings and Cuttings for Hydroponics Using Different Substrates </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moustafa%20A.%20Fadel">Moustafa A. Fadel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Omar%20Al%20Shehhi"> Omar Al Shehhi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohsin%20Al%20Mussabi"> Mohsin Al Mussabi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdullah%20Al%20Ameri"> Abdullah Al Ameri </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Hydroponics represents an extraordinary promising technique if used efficiently in arid regions where water resources are extremely scarce where a great portion of the used water should be recycled and saved. Available research publications studying the production of seedlings for such purpose are limited. This research paper focuses on investigating the effect of using various substrate materials on the development of seedlings for ornamental plants. Bermuda grass, Petunia (Compacta Enana Rosa) and Epipremnum aureum are used widely in landscape design. Bermuda is used as a turf grass; Petunia is used as a flowering plant and Epipremnum aureum as an indoor ornamental plant in hydroponics. Three substrate materials were used to germinate and propagate the first two and the cuttings of the third one. Synthetic sponge (Polyurethane sponge), Rockwool and sterilized cotton were used as the substrate material in each case where an experimental water-circulating apparatus was designed and installed to execute the test. An experimental setup of closed hydroponic apparatus was developed to carry out the experiment equipped with water recycling circuit and an aeration mechanism pumping air in reservoir in order to increase oxygen levels in the recycled water. Water pumping was programmed in different regimes to allow better aeration for seeds and cuttings under investigation. Results showed that Bermuda grass germinated in Rockwool reached a germination rate of 70% while it did not exceed 50% when sponge and medically treated cotton were used after 15 days. On the other hand the highest germination rate of Petunia was observed when treated cotton was used where it recorded about 30% while it was 22%, and 7% after 20 days where Rockwool and sponge were utilized respectively. Cuttings propagation of Epipremnum aureum developed the highest number of shoots when treated cotton was used where it gave 10 shoots after 10 days while it gave just 7 shoots when Rockwool and sponge were used as the propagation substrate. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydroponics" title="hydroponics">hydroponics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=germination" title=" germination"> germination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seedlings" title=" seedlings"> seedlings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cuttings" title=" cuttings"> cuttings</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30550/development-of-ornamental-seedlings-and-cuttings-for-hydroponics-using-different-substrates" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30550.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">291</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7748</span> An Energy Integration Study While Utilizing Heat of Flue Gas: Sponge Iron Process</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Venkata%20Ramanaiah">Venkata Ramanaiah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shabina%20Khanam"> Shabina Khanam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Enormous potential for saving energy is available in coal-based sponge iron plants as these are associated with the high percentage of energy wastage per unit sponge iron production. An energy integration option is proposed, in the present paper, to a coal based sponge iron plant of 100 tonnes per day production capacity, being operated in India using SL/RN (Stelco-Lurgi/Republic Steel-National Lead) process. It consists of the rotary kiln, rotary cooler, dust settling chamber, after burning chamber, evaporating cooler, electrostatic precipitator (ESP), wet scrapper and chimney as important equipment. Principles of process integration are used in the proposed option. It accounts for preheating kiln inlet streams like kiln feed and slinger coal up to 170ᴼC using waste gas exiting ESP. Further, kiln outlet stream is cooled from 1020ᴼC to 110ᴼC using kiln air. The working areas in the plant where energy is being lost and can be conserved are identified. Detailed material and energy balances are carried out around the sponge iron plant, and a modified model is developed, to find coal requirement of proposed option, based on hot utility, heat of reactions, kiln feed and air preheating, radiation losses, dolomite decomposition, the heat required to vaporize the coal volatiles, etc. As coal is used as utility and process stream, an iterative approach is used in solution methodology to compute coal consumption. Further, water consumption, operating cost, capital investment, waste gas generation, profit, and payback period of the modification are computed. Along with these, operational aspects of the proposed design are also discussed. To recover and integrate waste heat available in the plant, three gas-solid heat exchangers and four insulated ducts with one FD fan for each are installed additionally. Thus, the proposed option requires total capital investment of $0.84 million. Preheating of kiln feed, slinger coal and kiln air streams reduce coal consumption by 24.63% which in turn reduces waste gas generation by 25.2% in comparison to the existing process. Moreover, 96% reduction in water is also observed, which is the added advantage of the modification. Consequently, total profit is found as $2.06 million/year with payback period of 4.97 months only. The energy efficient factor (EEF), which is the % of the maximum energy that can be saved through design, is found to be 56.7%. Results of the proposed option are also compared with literature and found in good agreement. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coal%20consumption" title="coal consumption">coal consumption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20conservation" title=" energy conservation"> energy conservation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=process%20integration" title=" process integration"> process integration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sponge%20iron%20plant" title=" sponge iron plant"> sponge iron plant</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89609/an-energy-integration-study-while-utilizing-heat-of-flue-gas-sponge-iron-process" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89609.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">144</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7747</span> Spatial Variability of Renieramycin-M Production in the Philippine Blue Sponge, Xestospongia Sp.</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Geminne%20Manzano">Geminne Manzano</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Porfirio%20Ali%C3%B1o"> Porfirio Aliño</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Clairecynth%20Yu"> Clairecynth Yu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lilibeth%20Salvador-Reyes"> Lilibeth Salvador-Reyes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Viviene%20Santiago"> Viviene Santiago</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Many marine benthic organisms produce secondary metabolites that serve as ecological roles to different biological and environmental factors. The secondary metabolites found in these organisms like algae, sponges, tunicates and worms exhibit variation at different scales. Understanding the chemical variation can be essential in deriving the evolutionary and ecological function of the secondary metabolites that may explain their patterns. Ecological surveys were performed on two collection sites representing from two Philippine marine biogeographic regions – in Oriental Mindoro located on the West Philippine Sea (WPS) and in Zamboanga del Sur located at Celebes Sea (CS), where a total of 39 Xestospongia sp. sponges were collected using SCUBA. The sponge samples were transported to the laboratory for taxonomic identification and chemical analysis. Biological and environmental factors were investigated to determine their relation to the abundance and distribution patterns and its spatial variability of their secondary metabolite production. Extracts were subjected to thin-layer chromatography and anti-proliferative assays to confirm the presence of Renieramycin-M and to test its cytotoxicity. The blue sponges were found to be more abundant on the WPS than in CS. Both the benthic community and the fish community in Oriental Mindoro, WPS and Zamboanga del Sur, CS sites are characterized by high species diversity and abundance and a very high biomass category. Environmental factors like depth and monsoonal exposure were also compared showing that wave exposure and depth are associated with the abundance and distribution of the sponges. Renieramycin-M presence using the TLC profiles between the sponge extracts from WPS and from CS showed differences in the Reniermycin-M presence and the presence of other functional groups were observed between the two sites. In terms of bioactivity, different responses were also exhibited by the sponge extracts coming from the different region. Different responses were also noted on its bioactivity depending on the cell lines tested. Exploring the influence of ecological parameters on the chemical variation can provide deeper chemical ecological insights in the knowledge and their potential varied applications at different scales. The results of this study provide further impetus in pursuing studies into patterns and processes of the chemical diversity of the Philippine blue sponge, Xestospongia sp. and the chemical ecological significance of the coral triangle. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemical%20ecology" title="chemical ecology">chemical ecology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=porifera" title=" porifera"> porifera</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=renieramycin-m" title=" renieramycin-m"> renieramycin-m</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatial%20variability" title=" spatial variability"> spatial variability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xestospongia%20sp." title=" Xestospongia sp."> Xestospongia sp.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52655/spatial-variability-of-renieramycin-m-production-in-the-philippine-blue-sponge-xestospongia-sp" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52655.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">210</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7746</span> Sustainable Development through Cleaner Production in India: Barriers and Possible Directions for Implementation Based on Case Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aparajita%20Mukherjee">Aparajita Mukherjee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20P.%20Mukherjee"> D. P. Mukherjee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper critically assessed pollution problems in small and medium enterprises with unique references to foundries and sponge iron industries to survey the adverse impact on human societies and the environment. The objective of this paper was to show how cleaner production concept was implemented in one foundry through improvisation of existing technology in India. Incremental advancement of existing technology minimized environmental issues and resource utilization. This study depicted that poor fiscal help, poor enforcement of government regulations, owners’ attitude and lacking specialized technical workers were the significant hindrances towards cleaner production. The paper explored the possible ways to overcome these hindrances for cleaner production. On a more general level, findings raise important questions regarding the need for a new paradigm for the implementation of cleaner production. Improvisation of existing technology in these enterprises would be cost effective towards sustainable development. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SME%20pollution" title="SME pollution">SME pollution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecological%20crisis" title=" ecological crisis"> ecological crisis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20development" title=" sustainable development"> sustainable development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cleaner%20production" title=" cleaner production"> cleaner production</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=training" title=" training"> training</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14403/sustainable-development-through-cleaner-production-in-india-barriers-and-possible-directions-for-implementation-based-on-case-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14403.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">371</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7745</span> Acoustic Emission for Investigation of Processes Occurring at Hydrogenation of Metallic Titanium</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anatoly%20A.%20Kuznetsov">Anatoly A. Kuznetsov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pavel%20G.%20Berezhko"> Pavel G. Berezhko</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sergey%20M.%20Kunavin"> Sergey M. Kunavin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eugeny%20V.%20Zhilkin"> Eugeny V. Zhilkin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maxim%20V.%20Tsarev"> Maxim V. Tsarev</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vyacheslav%20V.%20Yaroshenko"> Vyacheslav V. Yaroshenko</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Valery%20V.%20Mokrushin"> Valery V. Mokrushin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Olga%20Y.%20Yunchina"> Olga Y. Yunchina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sergey%20A.%20Mityashin"> Sergey A. Mityashin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The acoustic emission is caused by short-time propagation of elastic waves that are generated as a result of quick energy release from sources localized inside some material. In particular, the acoustic emission phenomenon lies in the generation of acoustic waves resulted from the reconstruction of material internal structures. This phenomenon is observed at various physicochemical transformations, in particular, at those accompanying hydrogenation processes of metals or intermetallic compounds that make it possible to study parameters of these transformations through recording and analyzing the acoustic signals. It has been known that at the interaction between metals or inter metallides with hydrogen the most intensive acoustic signals are generated as a result of cracking or crumbling of an initial compact powder sample as a result of the change of material crystal structure under hydrogenation. This work is dedicated to the study into changes occurring in metallic titanium samples at their interaction with hydrogen and followed by acoustic emission signals. In this work the subjects for investigation were specimens of metallic titanium in two various initial forms: titanium sponge and fine titanium powder made of this sponge. The kinetic of the interaction of these materials with hydrogen, the acoustic emission signals accompanying hydrogenation processes and the structure of the materials before and after hydrogenation were investigated. It was determined that in both cases interaction of metallic titanium and hydrogen is followed by acoustic emission signals of high amplitude generated on reaching some certain value of the atomic ratio [H]/[Ti] in a solid phase because of metal cracking at a macrolevel. The typical sizes of the cracks are comparable with particle sizes of hydrogenated specimens. The reasons for cracking are internal stresses initiated in a sample due to the increasing volume of a solid phase as a result of changes in a material crystal lattice under hydrogenation. When the titanium powder is used, the atomic ratio [H]/[Ti] in a solid phase corresponding to the maximum amplitude of an acoustic emission signal are, as a rule, higher than when titanium sponge is used. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acoustic%20emission%20signal" title="acoustic emission signal">acoustic emission signal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cracking" title=" cracking"> cracking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrogenation" title=" hydrogenation"> hydrogenation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=titanium%20specimen" title=" titanium specimen"> titanium specimen</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62156/acoustic-emission-for-investigation-of-processes-occurring-at-hydrogenation-of-metallic-titanium" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62156.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">386</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7744</span> Evaluation of Natural Gums: Gum Tragacanth, Xanthan Gum, Guar Gum and Gum Acacia as Potential Hemostatic Agents</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Himanshu%20Kushwah">Himanshu Kushwah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nidhi%20Sandal"> Nidhi Sandal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Meenakshi%20K.%20Chauhan"> Meenakshi K. Chauhan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gaurav%20Mittal"> Gaurav Mittal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Excessive bleeding is the primary factor of avoidable death in both civilian trauma centers as well as the military battlefield. Hundreds of Indian troops die every year due to blood loss caused by combat-related injuries. These deaths are avoidable and can be prevented to a large extent by making available a suitable hemostatic dressing in an emergency medical kit. In this study, natural gums were evaluated as potential hemostatic agents in combination with calcium gluconate. The study compares the hemostatic activity of Gum Tragacanth (GT), Guar Gum (GG), Xanthan Gum (XG) and Gum Acacia (GA) by carrying out different in-vitro and in-vivo studies. In-vitro studies were performed using the Lee-White method and Eustrek method, which includes the visual and microscopic analysis of blood clotting. MTT assay was also performed using human lymphocytes to check the cytotoxicity of the gums. The in-vivo studies were performed in Sprague Dawley rats using tail bleeding assay to evaluate the hemostatic efficacy of the gums and compared with a commercially available hemostatic sponge, Surgispon. Erythrocyte agglutination test was also performed to check the interaction between blood cells and the natural gums. Other parameters like blood loss, adherence strength of the developed hemostatic dressing material incorporating these gums, re-bleeding, and survival of the animals were also studied. The data obtained from the MTT assay showed that Guar gum, Gum Tragacanth, and Gum Acacia were not significantly cytotoxic, but substantial cytotoxicity was observed in Xanthan gum samples at high concentrations. Also, Xanthan gum took the least time with its minimum concentration to achieve hemostasis, (approximately 50 seconds at 3mg concentration). Gum Tragacanth also showed efficient hemostasis at a concentration of 35mg at the same time, but the other two gums tested were not able to clot the blood in significantly less time. A sponge dressing made of Tragacanth gum was found to be more efficient in achieving hemostasis and showed better practical applicability among all the gums studied and also when compared to the commercially available product, Surgispon, thus making it a potentially better alternative. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cytotoxicity" title="cytotoxicity">cytotoxicity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hemostasis" title=" hemostasis"> hemostasis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural%20gums" title=" natural gums"> natural gums</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sponge" title=" sponge"> sponge</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/112924/evaluation-of-natural-gums-gum-tragacanth-xanthan-gum-guar-gum-and-gum-acacia-as-potential-hemostatic-agents" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/112924.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">147</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7743</span> Inhibition of Sea Urchin and Starfish Embryonic Development by Hexane Extracts from Five Philippine Marine Sponges</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chona%20Gelani">Chona Gelani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mylene%20Uy"> Mylene Uy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Keisuke%20Yasuda"> Keisuke Yasuda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emi%20Ohta"> Emi Ohta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shinji%20Ohta"> Shinji Ohta</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The marine environment is undoubtedly a rich source of diverse organisms that possess bioactive secondary metabolites with important pharmacological activities. Marine sponges have since been contributing a wide array of compounds of biomedical and pharmaceutical importance. This study is an attempt to contribute to the growing and advancing marine natural products research. It aims to evaluate the cytotoxicity of the hexane extract (H) from the Philippine marine sponges, Rhabdastrella globostellata (Rg), Callyspongia sp. (Calsp), Callyspongia aerizusa (Ca), Carteriospongia sp. (Carsp), and Cinachyrella sp. (Cisp) using the eggs of starfish, Asterina pectinifera, and sea urchin, Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus. Specifically, the cytotoxicity of the marine sponge hexane extract was determined through its inhibition of starfish and sea urchin embryonic development. After 24 hours, CarspH and RgH inhibited early gastrulation of sea urchin at a minimum concentration of 15.63 and 31.25 μg/mL, respectively. CalspH inhibited the early gastrulation of both sea urchin and starfish at 125 μg/mL, whereas CaH halted the morula of sea urchin and early gastrulation of starfish at 250 μg/mL. CispH exhibited relatively weak inhibitory activity on starfish embryogenesis but inhibited the early gastrulation of sea urchin at 250 μg/mL. The results obtained from this study were used as basis for the separation, isolation and purification of the component(s) of the hexane extracts from the five Philippine marine sponges. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=embryonic%20development" title="embryonic development">embryonic development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marine%20sponge%20cytotoxicity" title=" marine sponge cytotoxicity"> marine sponge cytotoxicity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Philippine%20marine%20sponges" title=" Philippine marine sponges"> Philippine marine sponges</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sea%20urchin%20and%20starfish%20embryogenesis" title=" sea urchin and starfish embryogenesis"> sea urchin and starfish embryogenesis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62655/inhibition-of-sea-urchin-and-starfish-embryonic-development-by-hexane-extracts-from-five-philippine-marine-sponges" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62655.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">282</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7742</span> Synergistic Effect of Zr-Modified Cu-ZnO-Al₂O₃ and Bio-Templated HZSM-5 Catalysts in CO₂ Hydrogenation to Methanol and DME</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abrar%20Hussain">Abrar Hussain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kuen-Song%20Lin"> Kuen-Song Lin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sayed%20Maeen%20Badshah"> Sayed Maeen Badshah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jamshid%20Hussain"> Jamshid Hussain</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The conversion of CO₂ into versatile, useful compounds such as fuels and other chemicals remains a challenging frontier in research, demanding the innovation of increasingly effective catalysts. In the present work, a catalyst-incorporating zirconium (Zr) modification within CuO–ZnO–Al₂O₃ (CZA) was synthesized via a co-precipitation method to convert CO₂ into methanol. Furthermore, bio-HZSM-5 was used to promote methanol dehydration to produce dimethyl ether (DME). We prepared the porous hierarchy bio-HZSM-5 with remarkable pore connectivity by utilizing an economical loofah sponge and rice husks as biotemplates. The synthesized catalysts were characterized using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), X–ray diffraction (XRD), N₂ adsorption (BET), temperature-programmed desorption (NH₃-TPD) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The Zr addition improved the performance of the CZZA catalyst as a structural promoter, leading to increased DME selectivity and total carbon conversion by enhancing active sites, surface area, and the synergistic interfaces between CuO and ZnO. The presence of silicon in the biomass, notably from the loofah sponge (0.016 wt %) and rice husks (8.3 wt %), also performed a pivotal role in the preparation of bio-HZSM-5. Furthermore, contrasted to the CZZA/com-ZSM-5 catalyst, the integration of CZZA with bio-HZSM-5-L bifunctional catalyst achieved the highest DME yield (12.1 %), DME selectivity (58.6%), CO₂ conversion (22.5%) at 280 °C and 30 bar. The payback time for 5 and 10-tons per day (5 and10-TPD) DME formation using the catalytic process of CO₂ from petrochemical refinery plant waste gas emissions was 2.98 and 2.44 years, respectively. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cost%20assessment" title="Cost assessment">Cost assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dimethyl%20ether" title=" Dimethyl ether"> Dimethyl ether</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low-cost%20bio-HZSM-5" title=" low-cost bio-HZSM-5"> low-cost bio-HZSM-5</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CZZA%20catalyst" title=" CZZA catalyst"> CZZA catalyst</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CO%E2%82%82%20hydrogenation" title=" CO₂ hydrogenation"> CO₂ hydrogenation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/194172/synergistic-effect-of-zr-modified-cu-zno-al2o3-and-bio-templated-hzsm-5-catalysts-in-co2-hydrogenation-to-methanol-and-dme" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/194172.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">10</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7741</span> Impact of Breed and Physiological Status on Blood Content of Goats in Arid Conditions of Algeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lilia%20Belkacem">Lilia Belkacem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zahra%20Rouabah"> Zahra Rouabah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Assia%20Allaoui"> Assia Allaoui</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karina%20Bachtarzi"> Karina Bachtarzi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Souhila%20Belkadi"> Souhila Belkadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Boubakeur%20Safsaf"> Boubakeur Safsaf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Madjid%20Tlidjane"> Madjid Tlidjane</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Damascus breed, known for its prolificacy and milking ability, is recently imported in Algeria. Farmers tend to improve the local native herds by crossbreeding with Damascus bucks. The aim of the current investigation was to study the effects of physiological status on blood progesterone and some biochemical parameters in Shami goats and their crosses with local breed in arid conditions of Algeria. Ten does with an age range of 1.5- 3 years and BSC between 2.5 and 3.5 were used. Female goats were divided into two groups of five animals each: Damascus, and crossbred (Damascus x Arbia). All females were estrus synchronized and naturally mated. Blood samples were collected before intravaginal sponge insertion (non- pregnant), in early (30 days after sponge removal), mid (90 days), late pregnancy (130 days) and after kidding (30 days post-partum). Results demonstrate a significant effect of the reproductive stage on progesterone (P4) levels in both groups, on glycemia and cholesterolemia in crossbred does (p<0.05) and on albuminemia and uremia in Damascus ones. Concentrations of triglycerides, total proteins, globulin and creatinine revealed no significant difference between physiological phases in both groups (p>0.05). Breed effect was detected in early and mid-pregnancy for P4, in early pregnancy and lactation for total proteins and in lactation for globulin with lower concentrations in Damascus compared to crossbred does. Changes in P4 and biochemical profiles of both groups reflect the female goat’s adaptation to increased requirement of gestation and lactation in arid conditions of Algeria. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=damascus%20goat" title="damascus goat">damascus goat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crossbred" title=" crossbred"> crossbred</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reproductive%20status" title=" reproductive status"> reproductive status</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=progesterone" title=" progesterone"> progesterone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biochemical%20metabolites" title=" biochemical metabolites"> biochemical metabolites</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183990/impact-of-breed-and-physiological-status-on-blood-content-of-goats-in-arid-conditions-of-algeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183990.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">61</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7740</span> Optimization of Lead Bioremediation by Marine Halomonas sp. ES015 Using Statistical Experimental Methods </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aliaa%20M.%20El-Borai">Aliaa M. El-Borai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ehab%20A.%20Beltagy"> Ehab A. Beltagy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eman%20E.%20Gadallah"> Eman E. Gadallah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samy%20A.%20ElAssar"> Samy A. ElAssar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Bioremediation technology is now used for treatment instead of traditional metal removal methods. A strain was isolated from Marsa Alam, Red sea, Egypt showed high resistance to high lead concentration and was identified by the 16S rRNA gene sequencing technique as <em>Halomonas</em> sp. ES015. Medium optimization was carried out using Plackett-Burman design, and the most significant factors were yeast extract, casamino acid and inoculums size. The optimized media obtained by the statistical design raised the removal efficiency from 84% to 99% from initial concentration 250 ppm of lead. Moreover, Box-Behnken experimental design was applied to study the relationship between yeast extract concentration, casamino acid concentration and inoculums size. The optimized medium increased removal efficiency to 97% from initial concentration 500 ppm of lead. Immobilized <em>Halomonas</em> sp. ES015 cells on sponge cubes, using optimized medium in loop bioremediation column, showed relatively constant lead removal efficiency when reused six successive cycles over the range of time interval. Also metal removal efficiency was not affected by flow rate changes. Finally, the results of this research refer to the possibility of lead bioremediation by free or immobilized cells of <em>Halomonas</em> sp. ES015. Also, bioremediation can be done in batch cultures and semicontinuous cultures using column technology. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bioremediation" title="bioremediation">bioremediation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lead" title=" lead"> lead</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Box%E2%80%93Behnken" title=" Box–Behnken"> Box–Behnken</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Halomonas%20sp.%20ES015" title=" Halomonas sp. ES015"> Halomonas sp. ES015</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=loop%20bioremediation" title=" loop bioremediation"> loop bioremediation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Plackett-Burman" title=" Plackett-Burman"> Plackett-Burman</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73249/optimization-of-lead-bioremediation-by-marine-halomonas-sp-es015-using-statistical-experimental-methods" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73249.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">196</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7739</span> Relevance of Technology on Education</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Felicia%20K.%20Oluwalola">Felicia K. Oluwalola</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper examines the relevance of technology on education. It identified the concept of technology on education, bringing real-world learning to the classroom situation, examples of where technology can be used. This study established the fact that technology facilitates students learning compared with traditional method of teaching. It was recommended that the teachers should use technology to supplement, not replace, other instructional modes. It should be used in conjunction with hands-on labs and activities that also address the concepts targeted by the technology. Also, technology should be students centered and not teachers centered. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computer" title="computer">computer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simulation" title=" simulation"> simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=classroom%20teaching" title=" classroom teaching"> classroom teaching</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=education" title=" education"> education</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24753/relevance-of-technology-on-education" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24753.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">451</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7738</span> 3D Microscopy, Image Processing, and Analysis of Lymphangiogenesis in Biological Models</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thomas%20Louis">Thomas Louis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Irina%20Primac"> Irina Primac</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Florent%20Morfoisse"> Florent Morfoisse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tania%20Durre"> Tania Durre</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Silvia%20Blacher"> Silvia Blacher</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Agnes%20Noel"> Agnes Noel</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In vitro and in vivo lymphangiogenesis assays are essential for the identification of potential lymphangiogenic agents and the screening of pharmacological inhibitors. In the present study, we analyse three biological models: in vitro lymphatic endothelial cell spheroids, in vivo ear sponge assay, and in vivo lymph node colonisation by tumour cells. These assays provide suitable 3D models to test pro- and anti-lymphangiogenic factors or drugs. 3D images were acquired by confocal laser scanning and light sheet fluorescence microscopy. Virtual scan microscopy followed by 3D reconstruction by image aligning methods was also used to obtain 3D images of whole large sponge and ganglion samples. 3D reconstruction, image segmentation, skeletonisation, and other image processing algorithms are described. Fixed and time-lapse imaging techniques are used to analyse lymphatic endothelial cell spheroids behaviour. The study of cell spatial distribution in spheroid models enables to detect interactions between cells and to identify invasion hierarchy and guidance patterns. Global measurements such as volume, length, and density of lymphatic vessels are measured in both in vivo models. Branching density and tortuosity evaluation are also proposed to determine structure complexity. Those properties combined with vessel spatial distribution are evaluated in order to determine lymphangiogenesis extent. Lymphatic endothelial cell invasion and lymphangiogenesis were evaluated under various experimental conditions. The comparison of these conditions enables to identify lymphangiogenic agents and to better comprehend their roles in the lymphangiogenesis process. The proposed methodology is validated by its application on the three presented models. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3D%20image%20segmentation" title="3D image segmentation">3D image segmentation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3D%20image%20skeletonisation" title=" 3D image skeletonisation"> 3D image skeletonisation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cell%20invasion" title=" cell invasion"> cell invasion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=confocal%20microscopy" title=" confocal microscopy"> confocal microscopy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ear%20sponges" title=" ear sponges"> ear sponges</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=light%20sheet%20microscopy" title=" light sheet microscopy"> light sheet microscopy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lymph%20nodes" title=" lymph nodes"> lymph nodes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lymphangiogenesis" title=" lymphangiogenesis"> lymphangiogenesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spheroids" title=" spheroids"> spheroids</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87470/3d-microscopy-image-processing-and-analysis-of-lymphangiogenesis-in-biological-models" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87470.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">377</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7737</span> Parents' Perception on the Use of Mobile Technology by Young Children</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jason%20Gan">Jason Gan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Technology has been around for many years, those that play a crucial part of our lives have evolved quick and fast, from televisions to computers and now mobile technology has also become a part of our lives. However in Singapore a nation with a strong reliance and following in technology, how are young children (0 to 8 years old) coping with these high technology equipment especially mobile technology and why and what are parents doing to manage this trend in the nation. This study aims to uncover some of the parents’ perception behind the use of mobile technology by their children. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=technology" title="technology">technology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=preschoolers" title=" preschoolers"> preschoolers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ICT%20and%20Singapore" title=" ICT and Singapore"> ICT and Singapore</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=early%20childhood" title=" early childhood"> early childhood</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37894/parents-perception-on-the-use-of-mobile-technology-by-young-children" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37894.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">434</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7736</span> A Research Analysis on the Source Technology and Convergence Types</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kwounghee%20Choi">Kwounghee Choi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Technological convergence between the various sectors is expected to have a very large impact on future industrial and economy. This study attempts to do empirical approach between specific technologies’ classification. For technological convergence classification, it is necessary to set the target technology to be analyzed. This study selected target technology from national research and development plan. At first we found a source technology for analysis. Depending on the weight of source technology, NT-based, BT-based, IT-based, ET-based, CS-based convergence types were classified. This study aims to empirically show the concept of convergence technology and convergence types. If we use the source technology to classify convergence type, it will be useful to make practical strategies of convergence technology. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=technology%20convergence" title="technology convergence">technology convergence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=source%20technology" title=" source technology"> source technology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=convergence%20type" title=" convergence type"> convergence type</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R%26D%20strategy" title=" R&D strategy"> R&D strategy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=technology%20classification" title=" technology classification"> technology classification</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37117/a-research-analysis-on-the-source-technology-and-convergence-types" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37117.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">485</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7735</span> An Investigation on the Need to Provide Environmental Sanitation Facilities to Informal Settlement in Shagari Low-Cost Katsina State for Sustainable Built Environment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdullahi%20Mannir%20Rawayau">Abdullahi Mannir Rawayau</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper identifies the problems that have aided the decoy to adequate basic infrastructural amenities, sub-standard housing, over-crowding, poor ventilation in homes and work places, sanitation, and non-compliance with building bye-laws and regulation. The paper also asserts the efficient disposal of solid and liquid waste is one of the challenges in the informal areas due to threats on the environment and public health. Sanitation services in the informal settlements have been found to be much lower compared to the average for unban. Bearing in mind a factor which prevents sustainable sanitation in informal areas which include low incomes, insecure tenure, low education levels, difficulty topography and transitory populations, and this study aim to identify effective strategies for achieving sustainable sanitation with specific reference to the informal settlement. Using the Shanghai Low-Cost as a case study. The primary data collected was through observation and interview method. Similarly, the secondary data used for the study was collected through literature reviews from extent studies with specific reference to informal settlement. A number of strategies towards achieving sustainable sanitation in the study were identified here in classified into three (3):- Advocacy and capacity building, infrastructural provision and institutionalization of systems and processes. The paper concludes with the premise on the need to build alliances between the government and stakeholders concerned with sanitation provision through the creation of sanitation and employ adaptable technology. Provision of sanitation facilities in public areas and to establish a statutory body for timely response to sanitation waste management in Katsina. It is imperative to check and prevent further decay for harmonious living and sustainable development. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=built%20environment" title="built environment">built environment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sanitation" title=" sanitation"> sanitation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=facilities" title=" facilities"> facilities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=settlement" title=" settlement"> settlement</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54241/an-investigation-on-the-need-to-provide-environmental-sanitation-facilities-to-informal-settlement-in-shagari-low-cost-katsina-state-for-sustainable-built-environment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54241.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">225</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7734</span> Factors Influencing University Student's Acceptance of New Technology </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatma%20Khadra">Fatma Khadra</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The objective of this research is to identify the acceptance of new technology in a sample of 150 Participants from Qatar University. Based on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), we used the Davis’s scale (1989) which contains two item scales for Perceived Usefulness and Perceived Ease of Use. The TAM represents an important theoretical contribution toward understanding how users come to accept and use technology. This model suggests that when people are presented with a new technology, a number of variables influence their decision about how and when they will use it. The results showed that participants accept more technology because flexibility, clarity, enhancing the experience, enjoying, facility, and useful. Also, results showed that younger participants accept more technology than others. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=new%20technology" title="new technology">new technology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=perceived%20usefulness" title=" perceived usefulness"> perceived usefulness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=perceived%20ease%20of%20use" title=" perceived ease of use"> perceived ease of use</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=technology%20acceptance%20model" title=" technology acceptance model"> technology acceptance model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61593/factors-influencing-university-students-acceptance-of-new-technology" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61593.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">321</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7733</span> When does technology alignment influence supply chain performance</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joseph%20Akyeh">Joseph Akyeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdul%20Samed%20Muntaka"> Abdul Samed Muntaka</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emmanuel%20Anin"> Emmanuel Anin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dorcas%20Nuertey"> Dorcas Nuertey</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Purpose: This study develops and tests arguments that the relationship between technology alignment and supply chain performance is conditional upon levels of technology championing. Methodology: The proposed relationships are tested on a sample of 217 hospitals in a major sub-Saharan African economy. Findings: Findings from the study indicate that technology alignment has a positive and significant effect on supply chain performance. The study further finds that while technology championing strengthens the direct effects of technology alignment on supply chain performance. Theoretical Contributions: A theoretical contribution from this study is the finding that when technology alignment drives supply chain performance is more complex than previously thought it depends on whether or not technology alignment is first championed by top management. Originality: Though some studies have been conducted on technology alignment and health supply chain performance, to the best of the researcher’s knowledge, no previous study has examined the moderating role of technology championing the link between technology alignment and supply chain performance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=technology%20alignment" title="technology alignment">technology alignment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=supply%20chain%20performance" title=" supply chain performance"> supply chain performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=technology%20championing" title=" technology championing"> technology championing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=structural%20equation%20modelling" title=" structural equation modelling"> structural equation modelling</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186079/when-does-technology-alignment-influence-supply-chain-performance" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186079.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">50</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7732</span> The Importance of Science and Technology Education in Skill Acquisition for Self Dependence</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Olaje%20Monday%20Olaje">Olaje Monday Olaje</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Science and technology has been prove to be the back bone for economic development of any country, and for Nigeria, it has more critical role to play. This paper examines the importance of science and technology education for national development and self dependence for Nigerian citizens. A historical overview of the interconnectivity of science and technology and self dependence is heighted. The current situation and challenges facing science and technology education are also highlighted to bring out the theoretical importance of science and technology education for self dependence which actually has not been practically achieved. Recommendations are also made at the of the study so as to skill acquisition through science and technology for self dependence. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acquisition" title="acquisition">acquisition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=education" title=" education"> education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-dependence" title=" self-dependence"> self-dependence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=science" title=" science"> science</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=technology" title=" technology"> technology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30436/the-importance-of-science-and-technology-education-in-skill-acquisition-for-self-dependence" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30436.pdf" target="_blank" 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