NCERT Solutions for CBSE Class 8 Maths

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#668c80 } .ic-arrow { width: 23px; height: 23px; border-radius: 50%; background: transparent linear-gradient(180deg, #668c80 0, #75af9d 100%) 0 0 no-repeat padding-box; color: #fff; box-shadow: 0 2px 3px #00000029; border: 1px solid #fff } .lan-ttl { padding: 15px 0; font-weight: bold } .fntbold { font-weight: bold } .req-call-wrap { display: none } .ad-banner { text-align: center; margin: 10px auto; display: block } .ad-banner div { display: inline-block; width: 100% } .bottom-nav { max-width: 750px; border: 1px solid #1b80c3; border-radius: 25px 25px 0 0; margin: 0 auto; position: sticky; bottom: 50px; overflow: hidden; z-index: 1 } .bottom-links { display: flex; justify-content: space-around; align-items: center } .bottom-links a { font: normal normal 600 14px/16px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; height: 48px; width: 20%; display: flex; justify-content: center; align-items: center; color: #006fb9 } .bottom-links a:nth-of-type(odd) { background: #f2f2f2 } .bottom-links a:nth-of-type(even) { background: #fff } .bottom-links a i { padding-right: 7px; display: flex } .abt--tl-sec { padding: 30px 0 } .abt--tl-sec .abt-desc { width: 670px; margin: 0 auto } .abt--tl-sec .abt-desc p { font: normal normal normal 16px/22px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e; margin-bottom: 20px; text-align: justify } /* .abt--tl-sec .abt-desc p span { font: normal normal normal 16px/22px 'Open Sans', sans-serif !important } */ .abt--tl-sec .abt-desc .rm-btn { font: normal normal 600 15px/24px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e; padding: 0; border: 0; background: 0; cursor: pointer; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 20px } .abt--tl-sec .abt-desc .rm-btn:hover { opacity: .8 } .abt--tl-sec .abt-desc .rm-btn span { font-size: 18px; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top } .faq-section { padding: 50px 0 60px; background: #f7f7f7 } .max-width-class { max-width: 1150px; margin: 0 auto } .bg-white { background: #fff } .accordions { overflow: hidden; margin: 30px 0 0 } .accordion { width: 100%; color: #3e3e3e; overflow: hidden; border-bottom: 1px solid #707070 } .accordion-label { display: -webkit-box; display: flex; -webkit-box-pack: justify; justify-content: space-between; padding: 10px 30px 10px 0; font: 600 16px/28px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; cursor: pointer; color: #3e3e3e; position: relative } .accordion-label::after { content: "\203A"; width: 1em; height: 1em; text-align: center; -webkit-transition: all .35s; transition: all .35s; font-weight: 100; font-size: 30px; -webkit-transform: rotate(90deg); transform: rotate(90deg); color: #707070; opacity: .8; position: absolute; right: 0 } .accordion-content { max-height: 0; padding: 0; color: #2c3e50; -webkit-transition: all .35s; transition: all .35s; font: 400 16px/28px 'Open Sans', sans-serif } .accordion-close { display: -webkit-box; display: flex; -webkit-box-pack: end; justify-content: flex-end; padding: 1em; font-size: .75em; cursor: pointer } .accordion input { position: absolute; opacity: 0; z-index: -1 } .accordion-close:hover { background: #1a252f } input:checked+.accordion-label { font-weight: 700 } input:checked+.accordion-label::after { -webkit-transform: rotate(270deg); transform: rotate(270deg); right: 4px } input:checked~.accordion-content { max-height: 100vh; padding: 10px 0 } .accordion-content span { font-size: 16px !important } .glide { position: relative; width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box } .glide * { box-sizing: inherit } .glide__track { overflow: hidden } .glide__slides { position: relative; width: 100%; list-style: none; backface-visibility: hidden; transform-style: preserve-3d; touch-action: pan-Y; overflow: hidden; margin: 0; padding: 0; white-space: nowrap; display: flex; flex-wrap: nowrap; will-change: transform } .glide__slides--dragging { user-select: none } .glide__slide { width: 100%; height: 100%; flex-shrink: 0; white-space: normal; user-select: none; -webkit-touch-callout: none; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent } .glide__slide a { user-select: none; -webkit-user-drag: none; -moz-user-select: none; -ms-user-select: none } .glide__arrows { -webkit-touch-callout: none; user-select: none } .glide__bullets { -webkit-touch-callout: none; user-select: none } .glide--rtl { direction: rtl } .success-stories-section { padding: 40px 0 0 } .success-stories-section .success-wrap { background: url('/assets/v1/images/quote.png') no-repeat top left, url('/assets/v1/images/quote-close.png') no-repeat right 90%; padding: 30px 0 0 } #successStory li { text-align: center } #successStory li img { border-radius: 50%; border: 9px solid rgba(186, 186, 186, 0.4); margin-top: -78px; width: 146px; height: 146px; background: #fff } .succ-desc { margin: 17px 20px 0 } .succ-quote { text-align: center; font: 400 14px/20px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0; color: #3e3e3e } .succ-name { text-align: center; font: 700 14px/20px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0; color: #3e3e3e; margin: 30px 0 5px } .succ-std { text-align: center; font: 400 14px/20px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0; font-style: italic; color: #3e3e3e } .succ-name.blue-txt { color: #006fb9 } .succ-nortxt { font-style: normal } .success-stories-section .success-wrap.success-nobg { background: 0 } #successStory { margin: 0 } #successList { display: flex; justify-content: space-around; padding: 80px 0 100px } #successList li { width: 28%; max-width: 336px; background: #fff 0 0 no-repeat padding-box; box-shadow: 0 0 9px #00000029; border-radius: 18px; width: 336px; height: 360px } #successStory.nobutton .glide__arrows { display: none } #successStory .glide__arrows { position: absolute; top: 42%; display: flex; justify-content: space-between; width: 100% } #successStory .glide__arrow { height: 50px; width: 50px; background: #006fb9; border: 0; cursor: pointer; border-radius: 10px } #successStory .glide__arrow--right { right: 100%; left: auto } #getintouch { position: fixed; top: 50%; left: 0; cursor: pointer; padding: 0; background: transparent linear-gradient(90deg, #f16911 0, #ff9140 100%) 0 0 no-repeat padding-box; z-index: 99; border-radius: 0 6px 6px 0; width: 35px; height: 35px } .row-wrap { display: flex; justify-content: flex-start; align-items: center; border-bottom: 2px solid #f0f0f0; padding: 10px 0 } .ic-wrap { width: 47px; height: 47px; border-radius: 50%; display: flex; justify-content: center; align-items: center; flex-shrink: 0; margin-right: 12px } .ic-wrap img { max-width: 100% } .get-cont { color: #3e3e3e; font: 400 16px/22px 'Open Sans', sans-serif } .get-cont span { font-weight: 600; display: block } .modal-content .soc-wrap { margin: 15px 0 0; justify-content: flex-start } .get-cont .form-group { margin-top: 4px; display: flex } .get-cont .form-group form { display: flex } .inputbox { width: 170px; background: #dbdbdb; border-radius: 0 12px; padding: 5px 22px 5px 10px; border: 0; font: 400 13px/24px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e } .get-cont .btn-submit { border: 0; margin-left: -15px; padding: 10px 15px; text-transform: uppercase } #getinModal .close { display: block; text-align: right; padding: 5px 10px 0 0; cursor: pointer; margin-bottom: 0; background: 0 } #getinModal .modal-title-main-div { padding: 0 20px 25px } .call-wrap { display: flex; justify-content: center; align-items: center; padding-bottom: 10px } .call-wrap h4 { color: #333; font: 700 14px/20px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; margin-left: 12px } .call-wrap .ic-wts { left: 18px; top: -6px } #schoolModal .modal-content { padding: 20px 15px } .menu-content { padding: 0; color: #2c3e50; -webkit-transition: all .35s; transition: all .35s; font: 400 16px/28px 'Open Sans', sans-serif } .menu-content ul li { border-bottom: 2px solid #f2f2f2; padding: 3px 0 } .menu-content ul li:last-child { border-bottom: 0 } #searchModal .modal-content { padding: 20px 15px } .search-input { background: #dfdfdf; border-radius: 11px; padding: 10px 12px; border: 0; width: calc(100% - 24px); font: normal normal normal 16px/28px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e; margin-bottom: 10px } .search-content { background: #efefef; border-radius: 12px } .search-content ul li { font: 600 15px/15px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; border-bottom: 1px solid #bababa; margin: 0 10px } .search-content ul li a { color: #3e3e3e; padding: 12px 0; display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center } .search-content ul li:last-child { border-bottom: 0 } .gsc-control-cse { background: none !important; border: none !important; padding: 0 !important } #searchModal .gsc-input-box { background: #d9d9d9 !important; border: none !important; font: normal normal normal 16px/16px sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e } #searchModal .gsc-control-cse { padding: 0 } .gsc-control { width: 142px !important } .gsc-clear-button { display: none !important } .gsc-input-box { border: none !important; background: #d9d9d9 !important; padding: 0 !important } .gsc-search-button-v2 { padding: 0 !important; background-color: #f16911 !important; border-radius: 50% !important; width: 27px !important; height: 27px !important; border-color: #f16911 !important; border: none !important } .gsib_a { padding: 0 !important } table.gsc-search-box td.gsc-input { padding-right: 0 !important } .gsc-input { background: none !important; border: none !important } form.gsc-search-box { margin-bottom: 0 !important } .gsst_a .gscb_a { color: #bbb !important } .header-login-wrap .gsst_a { padding: 0 4px } .gssb_a, .gssb_a td { line-height: 26px; font-size: 14px; font-family: 'Open Sans', sans-serif } .gssb_a { padding: 0 0 0 9px } .enroll-section { background: transparent linear-gradient(90deg, #f16911 0, #ff9140 100%) 0 0 no-repeat padding-box; padding: 2px 0 5px; position: fixed; bottom: 0; width: 100%; z-index: 1 } .enroll-txt-wrap { display: flex; justify-content: center; align-items: center } .enroll-txt { margin: 0 30px 0 0; font: 400 15px/18px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0; color: #fff; opacity: 1 } .enroll-txt span { font-size: 18px } .enroll-btn .org-btn { background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); border-radius: 0 12px; color: #3e3e3e } .slant-box { overflow: hidden } .slant-box::after { content: ''; width: 0; height: 0; border-style: solid; border-width: 61px 0 0 54px; border-color: #007bff transparent transparent transparent; transform: rotate(89deg); position: absolute; right: 3px; bottom: -4px; overflow: hidden } .right-arrow { position: absolute; right: -24px; bottom: 35px; z-index: 1 } .right-arrow::after { content: '\203A'; width: 1em; height: 1em; text-align: center; -webkit-transition: all .35s; transition: all .35s; font-weight: 100; display: block; color: #fff; position: absolute; top: 3px; right: 18px; font-size: 40px; transform: rotate(-14deg) } #qmenu-overlay { position: fixed; top: 0; left: 0; bottom: 0; right: 0; display: none; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.7); overflow: auto; z-index: 999 } .popup-overlay, .pop-overlay { position: fixed; top: 0; left: 0; bottom: 0; right: 0; display: none; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.7); overflow: auto; z-index: 9999 } .modal-class { position: relative; background-color: #fff; width: 96%; margin: inherit; top: 50%; left: 50%; transform: translate(-50%, -50%); padding: 7px 0; max-width: 360px; border-radius: 17px; border: 1px solid #707070 } .modal-title-div { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; padding: 10px 20px 0 } .modal-title-main-div { display: flex; justify-content: center; padding: 0 20px 16px } .modal-title { color: #006fb9; font: normal normal bold 18px/46px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; position: relative } .modal-content { padding: 0 20px 20px; position: relative } .open { display: block } .btn-wrap { display: flex; justify-content: center; margin: 20px auto 15px } .btn-wrap button { margin: 0 10px; cursor: pointer } #schoolModal .menu-content ul, .boardModal .menu-content ul { margin-left: 0 } #schoolModal .menu-content ul li, .boardModal .menu-content ul li { padding: 5px 0; font: normal normal normal 15px/20px 'Open Sans', sans-serif } .sm-modal .modal-class { max-width: 300px; top: 50%; left: 50%; transform: translate(-50%, -50%); margin: inherit } .ms-modal .modal-class { max-width: 415px; top: 50%; left: 50%; transform: translate(-50%, -50%); margin: inherit } .menu-content ul li button { color: #1c81c4; font-size: 15px } .close { display: block; text-align: right; padding: 5px 10px 0 0; cursor: pointer } #back2Top { position: fixed; right: 12%; bottom: 60px; cursor: pointer; opacity: 1; -moz-transform: rotate(0); -webkit-transform: rotate(0); -o-transform: rotate(0); -ms-transform: rotate(0); transform: rotate(0); z-index: 1; padding: 0; width: 39px; height: 38px } .rm-wrap { height: 85px; overflow: hidden } .breadcrumbs-wrap { display: block } .breadcrumbs { display: inline-block; width: calc(100% - 35px) } .breadcrumbs-wrap form { display: inline-block } .breadcrumbs ul li { display: inline-block; margin: 0 30px 0 0; position: relative } .breadcrumbs ul li:last-child { margin-right: 0 } .breadcrumbs a, .breadcrumbs span { color: #0c4469; position: relative; font: normal normal normal 14px/30px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; padding: 0 11px 0 0; display: inline-block } .breadcrumbs li::after { content: '>'; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 7px; font-size: 15px; color: #1b80c3; margin-right: -16px } .breadcrumbs li:last-child::after { display: none } .breadcrumbs span { font: normal normal normal 14px/24px 'Open Sans', sans-serif } #js-bookmark { width: 28px; height: 28px; background: #bababa; border-radius: 5px; position: relative; display: flex; justify-content: center; align-items: center; margin-left: auto; cursor: pointer; flex-shrink: 0 } #js-bookmark span { position: absolute; font-size: 10px; bottom: -15px; left: 0; color: #3e3e3e; display: flex; justify-content: center; width: 28px } #js-bookmark.active { background: transparent linear-gradient(90deg, #f16911 0, #ff8f3e 100%) 0 0 no-repeat padding-box } #overlay, .overlay { background: #000; opacity: .8; position: fixed; width: 100%; height: 100%; z-index: 9999; top: 0; right: 0; left: 0; bottom: 0; display: none } header { position: sticky; top: 0; z-index: 9; background: #fff 0 0 no-repeat padding-box; border-radius: 0 0 29px 29px; width: 90%; margin: 0 auto; border-top: 0 } .header-login-wrap { border: 1px solid #d9d9d9; border-top: 0; opacity: 1; margin: 0 auto; border-radius: 0 0 29px 29px; display: block; font: 400 14px/14px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; padding: 20px 25px 15px; position: relative; z-index: 1; background: #fff; width: 100% } .header-left { float: left } .header-right { float: right; position: relative; height: 40px; width: calc(100% - 180px); padding-top: 4px; text-align: right } .topper-logo { display: none } .header-login-wrap a { color: #595959; padding: 0 10px } .header-login-wrap .ask-doubt-link { font-family: 'Open sans', sans-serif; font-size: 14px; padding: 6px 0 0; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top } .header-login-wrap .ask-doubt-link span { padding-left: 8px; padding-top: 1px; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top } .login-link { border-right: 2px solid #d9d9d9; cursor: pointer; color: #848484; font-family: 'Open sans', sans-serif; font-size: 14px } .signup-link { font-family: 'Open sans', sans-serif; font-size: 14px; cursor: pointer } .cart-link { margin-left: 11px; position: relative; cursor: pointer; padding: 6px 10px 0; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top } .cart-link::after, .cart-link::before { content: ''; width: 2px; height: 21px; background: #d9d9d9; position: absolute; top: 5px } .cart-link::before { left: 0 } .cart-link::after { right: -3px } .cart-link svg { margin-top: 0 } .cart-number-wrap { width: 18px; height: 18px; background: #f16911; border-radius: 50%; position: absolute; justify-content: center; align-items: center; color: #fff; font: normal normal bold 11px/15px Open Sans; display: flex; right: 2px; top: -7px } .search-wrap { width: 156px; padding: 4px 4px 3px 10px; border-radius: 18px; background: #d9d9d9; color: #000; margin: 0 10px; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top } .srh-input { background: #d9d9d9; border: 0; font: 400 14px/22px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; vertical-align: top; width: 110px } .ic-search { width: 27px; height: 27px; border-radius: 50%; background: #f16911; display: inline-flex; align-items: center } .ic-search svg { margin-top: -3px } .search { cursor: pointer; padding: 0 6px; margin-right: 15px; position: relative; display: none } .search svg { padding-top: 4px } .bfl-box { display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; padding-top: 12px } .header-flex-wrap { background: transparent linear-gradient(90deg, #1b80c3 0, #0e4062 100%) 0 0 no-repeat padding-box; display: block; margin: -23px auto 28px; border-radius: 0 0 29px 29px; padding: 24px 10px 0 } .header-menu { font: 400 14px/20px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e; display: flex; justify-content: flex-start; align-items: center } .header-menu ul { margin-right: 25px; flex-shrink: 0; position: relative; height: auto } .header-menu li { padding: 10px 18px } .header-menu li.no-arrow button::after { display: none } .header-menu li button, .header-menu li a, .header-menu li span { position: relative; color: #fff; padding: 0 5px; font-size: 15px; font-family: 'Open Sans', sans-serif; cursor: pointer; opacity: .8 } .header-menu li button::after { content: "\203A"; width: 1em; height: 1em; text-align: center; -webkit-transition: all .35s; transition: all .35s; font-weight: 100; font-size: 25px; position: absolute; right: -27px; top: -2px; transform: rotate(90deg); display: block; color: #fff } .header-menu ul li>ul { border-radius: 11px } .header-menu ul.submenu { display: none; margin-right: 0; border-radius: 11px; border: 1px solid #bababa; background: #fff; position: absolute; top: 40px; z-index: 999; width: auto; white-space: nowrap; min-width: 160px } .submenu li a::after { display: none } .header-menu li:last-child .submenu { right: 0 } .header-menu li:last-child .submenu::before { right: 15px; left: inherit } .submenu li { font: 400 14px/16px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; padding: 0 6px } .submenu li:hover a:hover, .submenu li:hover span { color: #1b80c3 } .submenu::before { content: ""; border-left: 8px solid transparent; border-right: 8px solid transparent; top: -8px; width: 0; height: 0; border-bottom: 8px solid #ff9140; position: absolute; left: 15px; z-index: -1 } .submenu li a, .submenu li span { border-bottom: 1px solid #bababa; padding: 10px 25px 10px 5px; display: block; color: #3e3e3e; position: relative } .submenu li:last-child a { border-bottom: 0 } .submenu li:last-child ul li a { border-bottom: 1px solid #bababa } .header-menu li:hover .submenu { display: block } .submenu li ul { display: none; position: absolute; left: 99%; height: auto; margin-top: -37px; background: #fff; color: #333; border: 1px solid #bababa; width: auto; white-space: nowrap; min-width: 160px } .submenu li:hover ul { display: block } .submenu li:hover ul li a, .submenu li:hover ul li span { color: #333 } .submenu li:hover ul li:hover a, .submenu li:hover ul li:hover span { color: #1b80c3 } .submenu li a::after, .submenu li span::after { content: "\203A"; width: 1em; height: 1em; text-align: center; -webkit-transition: all .35s; transition: all .35s; font-weight: 100; font-size: 25px; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 5px; transform: rotate(0); display: block; color: #bababa } .submenu li.noArrow a::after { display: none } .submenu li .innermenu li a::after { display: none } .header-menu li:last-child .submenu li .innermenu { right: 135px; left: inherit } .submenu li .innermenu li ul { display: none } .submenu li .innermenu li:hover ul { display: block; left: 60%; z-index: 99 } .submenu li ul.top-space { margin-top: -50% } .submenu li .innermenu li:hover ul li a { color: #333 } .submenu li:hover .innermenu li ul li:hover a { color: #1b80c3 } .submenu li:hover .innermenu li a::after { content: "\203A"; width: 1em; height: 1em; text-align: center; -webkit-transition: all .35s; transition: all .35s; font-weight: 100; font-size: 25px; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 5px; transform: rotate(0); display: block; color: #bbb } .submenu li:hover .innermenu li.noArrow a::after { display: none } .submenu li:hover .innermenu li ul li.noArrow a::after { display: none } .submenu li:hover .innermenu li ul li ul.last-level { display: none; left: 50% } .submenu li:hover .innermenu li ul li:hover ul.last-level { left: 40% } .submenu li:hover .innermenu li ul li ul.last-level li { width: 340px } .submenu li:hover .innermenu li ul li ul.last-level.top-marg { top: -100% } .submenu li:hover .innermenu li ul li:hover ul { display: block } .submenu li:hover .innermenu li ul li:hover ul li a { color: #333 } .submenu li:hover .innermenu li ul li:hover ul li:hover a { color: #1b80c3 } .submenu li:hover .innermenu li ul li a::after { content: "\203A"; width: 1em; height: 1em; text-align: center; -webkit-transition: all .35s; transition: all .35s; font-weight: 100; font-size: 25px; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 5px; transform: rotate(0); display: block; color: #bbb } .submenu li:hover .innermenu li ul li.noArrow a::after { display: none } .net18-logo { display: inline-block; padding-right: 12px; padding-top: 6px; vertical-align: top } .hamburger { display: none } #mbnav { display: none } #menu-mobile { display: none } .afl-box { display: inline-block; margin-right: 6px; padding-right: 5px; overflow: hidden } .afl-box:hover { background: #efefef; border-radius: 18px 10px 10px 18px; overflow: hidden } .hd-profile-pic { width: 36px; height: 36px; margin-right: 6px; display: inline-block } .hd-profile-pic img { border: 2px solid #b6b6b7; width: 100%; height: 100%; border-radius: 50% } .user-detls { position: relative; cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top } .dwn-arrow { width: 14px; height: 14px; border: 1px solid #848484; border-radius: 50%; margin-left: 12px; margin-top: 10px; position: relative; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top } .dwn-arrow::after { content: '\203A'; width: 1em; height: 1em; text-align: center; -webkit-transition: all .35s; transition: all .35s; font-weight: 100; display: block; color: #bababa; transform: rotate(90deg); position: absolute; top: -3px; right: -3px; font-size: 20px } .user { color: #1b80c3; font: normal normal bold 12px/14px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; padding-top: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px } .user span { font-weight: 400 } .afl-box:hover .user-menu { display: block } .user-menu { display: none; position: absolute; background: #fff; padding: 0 7px; top: 43px; right: 50px; width: 125px; border: 1px solid #bababa; border-radius: 11px } .user-menu a, .user-menu button { display: block; padding: 7px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #f1f1f1; font: normal normal normal 12px/16px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; color: #1b80c3; cursor: pointer } .user-menu::before { content: ""; border-left: 8px solid transparent; border-right: 8px solid transparent; top: -8px; width: 0; height: 0; border-bottom: 8px solid #ff9140; position: absolute; right: 10px; z-index: 1 } @media screen and (min-width:1201px) and (max-width:1400px) { .header-menu ul { margin-right: 12px; height: auto } .header-menu li button, .header-menu li a, .header-menu li span { font-size: 13px } } @media screen and (min-width:1024px) and (max-width:1200px) { header { width: 100% } .max-container { max-width: 96% } .header-flex-wrap { width: 98% } .header-menu ul { flex-wrap: wrap; width: auto; justify-content: flex-end; margin-right: 0; height: auto } .header-menu li button, .header-menu li a { font-size: 13px } .header-menu li { padding: 10px 11px } .header-menu li:last-child .submenu { right: 0 } .header-menu li:last-child .submenu::before { right: 8px; left: inherit } .header-menu li:last-child .submenu:after { right: 10px; left: inherit } .submenu li { padding: 0 } .faq-section .max-container { margin: 0 15px } .breadcrumbs-wrap { padding: 0 15px } } @media only screen and (max-width:1023px) { header { position: sticky; top: 0; z-index: 999; height: 80px; width: 100% } .header-menu { display: none } .header-login-wrap { width: 100%; border-radius: 0 0 12px 12px; padding: 4px 0; background: #fff; position: relative; z-index: 99 } .header-flex-wrap { background: transparent linear-gradient(90deg, #1b80c3 0, #0e4062 100%) 0 0 no-repeat padding-box; height: 38px; margin: -8px auto 0; width: 100%; padding: 8px 0 0; z-index: -1; border-radius: 0 } .header-flex-wrap .logo { display: none } .header-menu { width: 100%; font: 400 14px/20px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; justify-content: flex-start; overflow: auto } .header-menu ul { margin-right: 0; white-space: nowrap; overflow: auto; margin-left: -5px } .header-menu li button, .header-menu li a { color: #fff; font-size: 14px } .header-right { width: calc(100% - 180px); text-align: right } .homelink { display: flex; align-items: center; padding-left: 10px; border-right: 1px solid #fff; padding-right: 10px; margin-right: 0 } .header-menu li button::after { color: #fff; width: .8em; height: .8em; top: 2px } .header-menu li.noArrow button::after { display: none } .header-menu li.noArrow { padding: 10px 5px } .login-link { display: none } .signup-link { display: none } .header-login-wrap .ask-doubt-link>.ate-text { display: none } .cart-link { padding: 6px 0 0 } .cart-link::after, .cart-link::before { display: none } .cart-number-wrap { right: -8px; top: -7px } .net18-logo { border-left: 1px solid #ccc; padding: 3px 14px 2px 10px; display: inline-block } .net18-logo svg { width: 18px; height: 16px } .boardModal .modal-class { max-width: 300px } #schoolModal .modal-class { max-width: 300px } .sm-modal .modal-class { max-width: 300px } #searchModal .modal-class { background: 0; border: 0; transform: inherit; position: relative; margin: 0 auto; width: 100%; left: 0; top: 5% } .search-wrap { display: none } .search-wrap-mb { width: 100%; padding: 4px 5px 5px 10px; border-radius: 18px; background: #d9d9d9; color: #000; margin: 0 auto } .search-wrap-mb .srh-input { width: 89% } .search { margin-right: 0; display: inline-block; padding-top: 2px } .gsc-input-box { padding: 0 !important } .gssb_c { z-index: 99999 !important } .logo { display: block; margin-top: 4px } .logo svg { width: 122px; height: 37px } .header-left { display: flex; justify-content: space-between } .hamburger { display: block; cursor: pointer; padding: 7px 8px 8px 0; margin-left: 12px; z-index: 9999 } .bar1, .bar2, .bar3 { background: #f16911; height: 3px; transition: .2s; margin-top: 3px; display: block } .bar1 { width: 18px } .bar2 { width: 16px; display: flex; margin-left: auto } .bar3 { width: 14px; display: flex; margin-left: auto } #menu-mobile { display: flex; height: 30px } #mbnav { display: block } .nav-box { position: fixed; left: -150%; top: 0; width: 320px; transition: left .4s ease; background: #fff; height: 100%; z-index: 99; overflow-y: auto } .nav-active { left: 0; z-index: 9999; overflow-y: auto } .user-info { background: transparent linear-gradient(120deg, #006fb9 0, #00385d 100%) 0 0 no-repeat padding-box; border-radius: 0 0 29px 29px; padding: 14px 18px; position: sticky; top: 0; z-index: 9 } .user-img-wrap { width: 63px; height: 63px; background: #035084; border: 5px solid #4390c4; border-radius: 50%; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center } .user-img-wrap img { max-width: 38px } .user-details { padding-left: 16px } .user-name { font: 400 15px/20px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; color: #fff } .board-name { font: 400 12px/20px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; color: #fff } .login-wrap { margin-top: 12px; background: #fff; display: flex; justify-content: flex-start; border-bottom: 1px solid #e9e9e9; padding-bottom: 15px; margin-right: 16px } .login-btn { font: normal normal bold 12px/15px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; margin: 0 0 0 18px; display: inline-block } .signup-btn { font: normal normal bold 12px/15px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; margin: 0 0 0 15px } .mobile-nav { margin-right: 16px } .mobile-nav ul li { display: block; border-bottom: 1px solid #e9e9e9; font: 400 15px/20px 'Open Sans', sans-serif } .mobile-nav ul li a, .mobile-nav ul li label { padding: 10px 0 10px 30px; display: block; color: #3e3e3e; position: relative; font-weight: 600 } .mobile-nav ul li a::after, .mobile-nav ul li label::after { content: '\203A'; width: 1em; height: 1em; text-align: center; -webkit-transition: all .35s; transition: all .35s; font-weight: 100; display: block; color: #bababa; transform: rotate(90deg); position: absolute; top: 8px; right: 5px; font-size: 34px } .mobile-nav ul li a.noarrow::after { display: none } input:checked~.flevel-menu, input:checked~.seclevel-menu { max-height: 100%; opacity: 1 } input:checked+.menu-label::after { -webkit-transform: rotate(270deg); transform: rotate(270deg); right: 0 } input:checked+.menu-label.rgt-arrow::after { -webkit-transform: rotate(0); transform: rotate(0); right: 0 } .view-package { padding: 20px 0 50px } .view-package a { text-transform: uppercase } .mobile-nav .flevel-menu { background: #f4f4f4; margin-right: -15px; padding: 0 19px 0 25px; max-height: 0; opacity: 0 } .mobile-nav .flevel-menu li { margin: 0 10px; font-weight: bold } .mobile-nav .flevel-menu li a { padding: 12px 0 8px } .mobile-nav .flevel-menu li a::after { display: none } .mobile-nav .seclevel-menu { border-top: 1px solid #e0e0e0; max-height: 0; opacity: 0 } .mobile-nav .seclevel-menu li { font-weight: 400; margin: 0; font-size: 13px } .mobile-nav .seclevel-menu li:last-child { border-bottom: 0 } .mobile-nav .flevel-menu label { padding: 10px 0 } .mobile-nav .flevel-menu label::after { right: 4px } .afl-box { display: none } .faq-section { padding: 20px 15px } #main-wrapper { margin-top: 60px } .open-app-btn { border-radius: 10px; color: #fff; display: block; position: sticky; bottom: 108px; left: 50%; transform: translateX(-50%) } #back2Top { bottom: 288px } .page-title { margin: 0 0 30px } .req-call-wrap { display: block; position: relative } .req-label { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; position: absolute; z-index: 1; cursor: pointer; padding: 5px 12px; width: 208px; height: 35px; background: #006fb9; border-radius: 0 0 10px 10px; left: 50%; transform: translateX(-50%); bottom: -35px } .req-text { color: #fff; font: normal normal 600 15px/24px 'Open Sans', sans-serif } .req-call-wrap em { width: 22px; height: 22px; background: #f16911; border-radius: 50% } .req-content { padding: 12px 15px 20px; font: 400 16px/28px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; position: relative; background: #fff 0 0 no-repeat padding-box; box-shadow: 0 0 10px #00000029; border: 1px solid #d9d9d9; border-radius: 0 0 14px 14px; width: 94%; margin: 0 auto; max-width: 390px; text-align: center; display: none } .req-content p { color: #3e3e3e; font: normal normal 600 15px/22px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; text-align: center } .req-content .inputbx { position: relative; background: #dfdfdf; border-radius: 0 8px 8px 0; border: 0; opacity: 1; padding: 5px 10px; width: 216px; margin: 10px auto 10px 0; display: inline-block; font: normal normal normal 14px/28px 'Open Sans', sans-serif } .req-content .inputsmbx { position: relative; background: #dfdfdf; opacity: 1; display: inline-block; width: 48px; border-radius: 8px 0 0 8px; border: 0; padding: 5px 5px 5px 10px; font: normal normal normal 14px/28px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; border-right: 1px solid #cfcfcf; margin-right: -5px; color: #3e3e3e } .inputsmbx .arrow { position: absolute; right: 10px; color: #006fb9 } .show { display: block } .showicon svg { transform: rotate(180deg) } .menu-content { font: 400 14px/20px 'Open Sans', sans-serif } .menu-content ul li { padding: 5px 0 } .menu-content ul li a:hover { color: #1b80c3 } .bg-gray { padding: 20px 0 } .breadcrumbs { text-align: left } .breadcrumbs-wrap { padding: 0 15px; margin-bottom: 20px } .section-title { font: normal normal bold 18px/22px 'Open Sans', sans-serif } #chapter-list .section-title:after { margin: 0 } #chapter-list.abt--tl-sec .abt-desc { text-align: left } .accordion-label { font: 400 16px/24px 'Open Sans', sans-serif } .abt--tl-sec { padding: 30px 0 0 } .abt--tl-sec .inner-bx { max-width: 50%; margin-bottom: 30px; flex-direction: column; text-align: center } .abt--tl-sec .icon-wrap { margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 10px; width: 75px; height: 75px } .abt--tl-sec .meta-bx h5 { font-size: 22px; line-height: 22px } .abt--tl-sec .meta-bx h5 { font-size: 16px; line-height: 22px } .abt--tl-sec .abt-desc { width: 100% } .ad-banner div, .ad-banner .txt { width: 100%; margin: 0 auto; max-width: 728px } .ad-banner div iframe, .ad-banner div img { width: 100%; max-width: 728px } #top-ad-banner img { max-width: 100% } .enroll-btn .org-btn { padding: 10px } .enroll-txt { width: 230px; margin: 0 } .enroll-txt-wrap { margin: 0 10px; justify-content: flex-start } .enroll-section { padding: 10px 0 } input:checked+.accordion-label::after { right: 0 } .success-stories-section .max-container { padding: 0 } .success-stories-section .section-title { padding: 0 20px } .success-stories-section .section-title:after { left: 20px } #successStory .glide__arrows { position: relative; top: -298px; overflow: hidden } #successStory .glide__arrow img { width: 8px; height: 16px; position: relative } #successStory .glide__arrow--left img { left: 10px } #successStory .glide__arrow--right img { right: 7px } #successStory .glide__arrow--left { border-radius: 0 50% 50% 0; transform: translate(-50%, 0) } #successStory .glide__arrow--right { border-radius: 50% 0 0 50%; transform: translate(50%, 0) } .success-stories-section .success-wrap { background: url('/assets/v1/images/quote.png') no-repeat 10% top, url('/assets/v1/images/quote-close.png') no-repeat 90% 81% } .bottom-links a { padding: 8px 0 4px } .lan-ttl { padding: 15px 0 } jdiv { margin-bottom: 180px !important } } @media only screen and (max-width:767px) { .bottom-nav { border-top: 2px solid #1b80c3; border-left: 0; border-right: 0; border-bottom: 0; border-radius: 0; bottom: 50px } .bottom-links a { flex-direction: column; font: normal normal 600 11px/16px 'Open Sans', sans-serif } .bottom-links a i { padding-right: 0 } } input:checked~.accordion-content { max-height: 100% } .accordion-content .list { display: flex; flex-direction: column } footer{background:#efefef;width:100%;padding:50px 0 0}.footer-links-wrap{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;padding-bottom:20px}.ftr-column{padding:0 10px}.ftr-heading{color:#3e3e3e;font:700 14px/14px 'Open Sans',sans-serif;text-transform:uppercase;padding:10px 0 15px}.ftr-links li{font:400 14px/14px 'Open Sans',sans-serif;color:#3e3e3e;padding-bottom:12px}.ftr-links li a{color:#3e3e3e}.topmarg{margin-top:30px}.footer-cont-info{background:#e3e3e3;padding:20px 0 0}.footer-info-wrap{display:flex;justify-content:flex-start}.ftr-left{width:80%;margin-right:74px}.ftr-form-wrap{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;padding-bottom:15px}.gpay-column{width:298px}.gpay-column img{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle}.gpay-column a{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;margin-left:15px}.nws-column{display:inline-block}.nws-box-wrap{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center}.nws-box-wrap span{color:#3e3e3e;font-size:12px}.nws-box-wrap p{color:#3e3e3e;font:400 14px/14px 'Open Sans',sans-serif;margin-right:15px}.nws-input-wrap input{width:255px;background:#ccc;border-radius:0 12px;color:#3e3e3e;font:400 13px/24px 'Open Sans',sans-serif;border:0;padding:5px 30px 5px 15px}.nws-input-wrap input::placeholder{color:#848484}.btn-subscribe{background:transparent linear-gradient(90deg,#006fb9 0,#40a9ef 100%) 0 0 no-repeat padding-box;box-shadow:0 3px 9px #00000042;padding:7px 20px;border-radius:0 12px;color:#fff;font:600 14px/19px 'Open Sans',sans-serif;text-transform:uppercase;border:0;margin-left:-25px;position:relative;z-index:0}.ftr-cont-wrap{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;padding-top:10px;font:400 14px/20px 'Open Sans',sans-serif;border-top:1px solid #cecece;border-bottom:1px solid #cecece;padding-bottom:15px}.cont-info-wrap{background:#115e92;border-radius:11px;padding:10px;display:flex;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:center;width:40%;flex-shrink:0}.cont-call{position:relative}.ic-wts{position:absolute;left:26px;top:-4px;vertical-align:top}.contact-info{color:#fff;margin-left:15px}.contact-info .ftr-heading{color:#fff;padding:0 0 6px}.ftr-other-links{text-align:center;display:flex;justify-content:center;padding:15px 0}.ftr-other-links a{color:#3e3e3e;font:normal normal normal 14px/24px 'Open Sans',sans-serif;padding:0 8px;position:relative}.ftr-other-links a::after{content:'|';position:absolute;right:0;width:2px;height:4px;color:#939393}.ftr-other-links a:last-child::after{display:none}.reg-office{width:40%}.cont-number{padding-bottom:5px;font-weight:600}.address{line-height:23px}.soc-wrap{display:flex;justify-content:flex-start}.ic-fb svg{margin-top:4px}.ic-insta{margin:0 10px}.ic-insta,.ic-ytube{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center}.footer-network-sites{background:#d3d3d3;padding:28px 0}.sites-wrap{display:flex;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:center}.company-ttl{font:700 14px/20px 'Open Sans',sans-serif;width:164px}.sites-wrap ul{border-left:2px solid #a7a7a7;padding-left:24px;display:flex;justify-content:flex-start;flex-wrap:wrap;width:75%}.sites-wrap ul li{padding:0 10px}.sites-wrap ul li a{color:#3e3e3e;padding:10px 0;display:inline-flex}.copyright-wrap{background:#fff;padding:15px 0 55px}.copy-columns{display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:center}.copy-columns a{padding-right:15px;margin-right:15px;color:#3e3e3e}.copy-columns .tnc{border-right:1px solid #868686}.logos{border-right:1px solid #a7a7a7;padding:5px 12px 5px 55px;display:flex;align-items:center}.logos a{margin-left:20px;padding-right:0;margin-right:0}.logos .nw18-logo{margin-left:0;padding-right:0;margin-right:0}.copy-text{padding:0 12px;color:#3e3e3e;font:400 14px/14px 'Open Sans',sans-serif}.ftr-accordion{border-bottom:0}.ftr-accordion input[type=checkbox]{display:none}.ftr-accordion-label{display:block}.ftr-accordion-label::after{display:none}.ftr-accordion-content{max-height:100vh}#toppertv{display:block}#toppertv-accordion{display:none}.soln-cont table,.db-content table{border-collapse:collapse;max-width:100%;border:2px solid #ededed;margin-bottom:30px}.soln-cont table th,.db-content table th{color:#3e3e3e;font:normal normal bold 16px/24px 'Open Sans',sans-serif;padding:8px 10px;border:2px solid #ededed;text-align:left}.soln-cont table td,.db-content table td{color:#3e3e3e;font:normal 16px/24px 'Open Sans',sans-serif;padding:8px 10px;border:2px solid #ededed;text-align:left}.table-layout{border-collapse:collapse;max-width:100%;border:2px solid #ededed;margin-bottom:30px}.table-layout th{color:#3e3e3e;font:normal normal bold 16px/24px 'Open Sans',sans-serif;padding:8px 10px;border:2px solid #ededed;text-align:left}.table-layout td{color:#3e3e3e;font:normal 16px/24px 'Open Sans',sans-serif;padding:8px 10px;border:2px solid #ededed;text-align:left}.bg-dark-gray{background:#d9d9d9}.bg-light-gray{background:#edebeb}#stickyBanner{display:none}@media screen and (min-width:1024px) and (max-width:1200px){.footer-links-wrap{padding:0 10px 20px}.footer-cont-info{padding:30px}.gpay-column{width:230px}.nws-input-wrap input{width:180px}.reg-office{width:90%;margin-left:20px}.stay-connect{padding-right:0;width:40%;padding-left:20px}.footer-network-sites{padding:20px}.copy-cont-wrap{padding:0 20px}.copy-text{font:400 14px/20px 'Open Sans',sans-serif;width:45%}.logos{padding:5px 12px 5px 0}.footer-content{padding:30px 20px 20px}}@media screen and (max-width:1023px){.max-container{max-width:calc(100% - 30px)}footer{padding:25px 0 0}.footer-links-wrap{flex-direction:column;padding:0 15px 20px}.topmarg{margin-top:0}.ftr-cont-wrap{flex-direction:column;text-align:center;padding-bottom:0}.ftr-column{padding:0}.ftr-heading{position:relative}.footer-links-wrap input[type=checkbox]{position:absolute;opacity:0;z-index:-1}.footer-links-wrap .ftr-column .ftr-heading{padding:15px 0 14px}.ftr-accordion{width:100%;color:#3e3e3e;overflow:hidden;border-bottom:1px solid #dbdbdb}.ftr-accordion-label{display:-webkit-box;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:justify;justify-content:space-between;padding:10px 0;font:700 14px/16px 'Open Sans',sans-serif;cursor:pointer;display:block}.footer-links-wrap .ftr-column .ftr-accordion-label::after{content:"\203A";width:1em;height:1em;text-align:center;-webkit-transition:all .35s;transition:all .35s;font-weight:100;font-size:30px;position:absolute;right:0;top:6px;transform:rotate(90deg);display:block}.ftr-accordion-content{max-height:0;padding:0;color:#2c3e50;font:400 16px/28px 'Open Sans',sans-serif}.ftr-accordion-close{display:-webkit-box;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:end;justify-content:flex-end;padding:1em;font-size:.75em;cursor:pointer}.ftr-accordion input{position:absolute;opacity:0;z-index:-1}.ftr-accordion-close:hover{background:#1a252f}.ftr-accordion input:checked+.ftr-accordion-label{font-weight:700}.ftr-accordion input:checked+.ftr-accordion-label::after{-webkit-transform:rotate(270deg);transform:rotate(270deg);right:-8px;display:block}.ftr-accordion input:checked ~ .ftr-accordion-content{max-height:100vh;padding:10px 0}#toppertv{display:none}#toppertv-accordion{display:block}.copy-columns{flex-direction:column}.logos{display:flex;order:1;border-right:0;padding-bottom:10px;padding-left:0}.copy-text{display:flex;order:3;text-align:center;line-height:20px;padding-bottom:20px}.ftr-left{width:100%;margin:0 20px}.gpay-column{width:100%;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #ddd;padding-bottom:15px;padding-top:10px}.cont-info-wrap{width:100%;max-width:330px;margin:0 auto}.contact-info{width:100%;margin-left:7px;text-align:left}.cont-number{padding-bottom:0}.reg-office{margin-right:0;width:100%;padding-top:10px;border-bottom:1px solid #cecece;padding-bottom:12px}.soc-wrap{justify-content:center}.nws-column{padding-top:10px;text-align:center}.nws-box-wrap p{margin-right:0;padding-bottom:15px}.nws-input-wrap input{width:200px}.ftr-form-wrap{flex-direction:column}.nws-box-wrap{flex-direction:column}#nwsitesbox select{width:322px;border:1px solid #006fb9;box-shadow:0 3px 9px #00000029;border-radius:10px;padding:15px 10px;font:400 16px/24px 'Open Sans',sans-serif;background-color:#fff;-webkit-appearance:none;-moz-appearance:none;appearance:none;position:relative;background-image:url("data:image/svg+xml;charset=UTF-8,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20width%3D%2212%22%20height%3D%2212%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%2012%2012%22%3E%3Ctitle%3Edown-arrow%3C%2Ftitle%3E%3Cg%20fill%3D%22%23006FB9%22%3E%3Cpath%20d%3D%22M10.293%2C3.293%2C6%2C7.586%2C1.707%2C3.293A1%2C1%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C.293%2C4.707l5%2C5a1%2C1%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C1.414%2C0l5-5a1%2C1%2C0%2C1%2C0-1.414-1.414Z%22%20fill%3D%22%23006FB9%22%3E%3C%2Fpath%3E%3C%2Fg%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E");background-size:.8em;background-position:calc(100% - 1.3em) center;background-repeat:no-repeat}.form-group{display:flex}.btn-subscribe{background:transparent linear-gradient(90deg,#006fb9 0,#0c7ac3 53%,#43acf2 100%) 0 0 no-repeat padding-box;box-shadow:0 3px 6px #00000042;border-radius:0 12px;padding:8px 14px 10px 13px;text-align:center;font:400 14px/15px 'Open Sans',sans-serif;text-transform:uppercase}.footer-cont-info{padding:0;background:#efefef}.cont-time{padding-bottom:0}.stay-connect{width:auto;padding:6px 0 15px 0}.footer-content{padding:25px 35px 90px}.footer-content p{padding-bottom:20px}.copyright-wrap{padding:15px 0 0}.ftr-other-links{flex-wrap:wrap}.sites-wrap{flex-direction:column}.sites-wrap ul{border-left:0;width:90%;max-width:360px;justify-content:space-between;padding-top:10px;padding-left:0}.sites-wrap ul li{width:50%;padding:0 20px}#stickyBanner{position:sticky;width:320px;height:40px;margin:10px auto;display:block;bottom:0}} #hbar-stdpack { background: #006FB9; position: sticky; bottom: 0; z-index: 1; display: flex; height: 50px; } #hbar-stdpack a { display: flex; width: 100%; text-align: center; justify-content: center; align-items: center; height: 50px } .stdpack-offer-text { text-align: center; font: 600 19px/19px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; color: #fff; display: block; margin-top: -5px; position: relative; } .stdpack-offer-text em { font-style: normal; text-decoration: underline; } #hbar-stdpack::before { content: ''; background: url('/assets/v1/images/lf-bg-img.png') no-repeat left 0; display: block; width: 175px; height: 50px; position: absolute; bottom: 0; z-index: -1 } #hbar-stdpack::after { content: ''; background: url('/assets/v1/images/rt-bg-img.png') no-repeat right 0; display: block; width: 206px; height: 50px; position: absolute; bottom: 0; right: 0; z-index: -1 } .flex-colwrap img { position: relative; left: 0; margin-top: -9px; transform: scale(0.7); } .hclose { position: absolute; right: 5px; top: -20px; cursor: pointer; width: 34px; height: 34px; border-radius: 100%; background: #006FB9; display: flex; justify-content: center; align-items: center; } .hclose::before { content: ''; border: 2px solid #fff; position: absolute; width: 28px; height: 28px; border-radius: 100%; right: 3px; top: 2px } .hclose span { color: #fff; font-size: 30px; display: flex; justify-content: center; align-items: center; } @media screen and (max-width:1023px) { #hbar-stdpack::before, #hbar-stdpack::after { display: none } .hclose { position: absolute; right: 0px; } .stdpack-offer-text { /* border: 5px solid red; */ padding: 0 50px; margin: 5px 0; } .flex-colwrap img { display: none; max-width: 100%; width: 60px; height: auto; margin-top: -12px; left: 0px } } @media screen and (max-width:767px) { #hbar-stdpack { height: 60px } #hbar-stdpack a { height: 60px } .flex-colwrap img { display: none; max-width: 100%; width: 60px; height: auto; margin-top: -12px; left: 0px } .stdpack-offer-text { font: 600 14px/18px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; margin-top: 0 } .hclose { right: 0px; top: -16px; color: #fff } #hbar-stdpack::before, #hbar-stdpack::after { display: none } } .btslanding { background: #fbbe39; position: sticky; bottom: 0; z-index: 1; display: none } .btslanding a { display: block; width: 100% } .btslanding-wrap { background: url('/assets/v1/images/bg-bts.png') no-repeat 0 0; width: 407px; height: 50px; margin: 0 auto; display: flex; justify-content: center; align-items: center; position: relative } .btslanding-wrap p { color: #fff; font: bold 18px/24px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; width: 407px; padding: 10px 0; position: relative; display: flex; align-items: center } .btslanding-wrap b { width: 300px; display: block; text-align: center } .btslanding-wrap p span { font-size: 20px } .btslanding-wrap p em { color: #fff; font: bold 16px/24px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; position: absolute; right: 18px } .btslanding-wrap .hand { position: absolute; right: -12px; top: 15px } .hclose { /* position: absolute; */ /* right: 8px; */ font-size: 30px; /* padding: 6px 0 0; */ /* top: 2px; */ color: #000; text-decoration: none; cursor: pointer } @media screen and (max-width:767px) { .btslanding-wrap { background: url('/assets/v1/images/bg-bts-mb.png') no-repeat 0 0; width: 305px; height: 50px; margin: 0 auto; display: flex; justify-content: center; align-items: center; position: relative } .btslanding-wrap p { font: bold 13px/18px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; width: 100% } .btslanding-wrap b { width: 216px; display: block; text-align: center } .btslanding-wrap p span { font-size: 16px } .btslanding-wrap p em { font: bold 14px/24px 'Open Sans', sans-serif } } .bottom-nav{bottom:0px !important} </style> <style> .pad10 { padding: 10px 0 } .pad20 { padding: 20px 0 } .pb20 { padding-bottom: 20px } .mb20 { margin-bottom: 20px } .para { color: #3e3e3e; display: block; font: normal 16px/22px "Open Sans", sans-serif } .subject-wrap { display: flex; justify-content: flex-start; align-items: center; flex-wrap: wrap; flex-shrink: 0 } .subject-wrap a { margin: 0 21px 15px 0 } .subject-box { width: 208px; height: 136px; background: #fff; box-shadow: 0 3px 10px #00000029; border-radius: 16px; position: relative; display: flex; flex-direction: column } .centeralign { justify-content: center } .subject-box .right-arrow::after { top: -6px } .subject-box em { margin-left: 8px; margin-bottom: 8px; font: normal normal bold 16px/28px "Open Sans", sans-serif; text-transform: uppercase } .bg-slant-box-mathematics { border: 2px solid #445a50; color: #445a50 } .bg-slant-box-maths { border: 2px solid #445a50; color: #445a50 } .bg-slant-box-mathematics::after { border-color: #445a50 transparent transparent transparent } .bg-slant-box-maths::after { border-color: #445a50 transparent transparent transparent } .bg-slant-box-general-science { border: 2px solid #8d72a1; color: #8d72a1 } .bg-slant-box-general-science::after { border-color: #8d72a1 transparent transparent transparent } .bg-slant-box-science { border: 2px solid #664e74; color: #664e74 } .bg-slant-box-science::after { border-color: #664e74 transparent transparent transparent } .bg-slant-box-chemistry { border: 2px solid #8d72a1; color: #8d72a1 } .bg-slant-box-chemistry::after { border-color: #8d72a1 transparent transparent transparent } .bg-slant-box-physics { border: 2px solid #8d72a1; color: #8d72a1 } .bg-slant-box-physics::after { border-color: #8d72a1 transparent transparent transparent } .bg-slant-box-biology { border: 2px solid #8d72a1; color: #8d72a1 } .bg-slant-box-biology::after { border-color: #8d72a1 transparent transparent transparent } .bg-slant-box-social-studies { border: 2px solid #953c3f; color: #953c3f } .bg-slant-box-social-studies::after { border-color: #953c3f transparent transparent transparent } .bg-slant-box-economics { border: 2px solid #953c3f; color: #953c3f } .bg-slant-box-economics::after { border-color: #953c3f transparent transparent transparent } .bg-slant-box-economics-applications { border: 2px solid #953c3f; color: #953c3f } .bg-slant-box-economics-applications::after { border-color: #953c3f transparent transparent transparent } .bg-slant-box-business-studies { border: 2px solid #44c0e6; color: #44e6e6 } .bg-slant-box-business-studies::after { border-color: #44c0e6 transparent transparent transparent } .bg-slant-box-hindi { border: 2px solid #6e5226; color: #6e5226 } .bg-slant-box-hindi::after { border-color: #6e5226 transparent transparent transparent } .bg-slant-box-english { border: 2px solid #2a6165; color: #2a6165 } .bg-slant-box-english::after { border-color: #2a6165 transparent transparent transparent } .bg-slant-box-gk, .bg-slant-box-evs { border: 2px solid #1c81c4; color: #1c81c4 } .bg-slant-box-gk::after, .bg-slant-box-evs::after { border-color: #1c81c4 transparent transparent transparent } .icon-wrap { width: 50px; height: 50px; border-radius: 50%; margin: 6px 0 16px 8px; display: flex; flex-shrink: 0 } .abt--tl-sec .list-wrap ul li a { color: #3e3e3e } .abt--tl-sec .list-wrap ul li { padding-bottom: 0 } .list-wrap { display: flex; justify-content: flex-start; align-items: center; margin: 0 auto } .list-wrap ul { display: flex; justify-content: flex-start; flex-wrap: wrap; margin-right: auto } .list-wrap ul li { background: #fff; border: 1px solid #fff; box-shadow: 0 3px 10px #00000029; width: 338px; color: #3e3e3e; display: flex; align-items: center; border-radius: 16px; font: normal normal 400 16px/20px "Open Sans", sans-serif; position: relative; margin: 0 10px 20px 0; height: 79px } .abt--tl-sec .list-wrap ul li::before { display: none } .view-list { height: 120px; overflow: hidden } .view-list1 { height: 70px; overflow: hidden } .list-wrap ul li a { color: #3e3e3e; display: flex; justify-content: space-between; width: 100%; align-items: center; padding: 16px } .list-wrap ul li a span { padding-right: 10px } .list-desc-wrap { display: flex; justify-content: center } .list-desc-wrap ul { display: flex; justify-content: center; flex-wrap: wrap } .list-desc-wrap ul li { background: #fff; border: 1px solid #fff; box-shadow: 0 3px 10px #00000029; width: 338px; color: #3e3e3e; display: flex; align-items: center; border-radius: 16px; height: 110px; font: normal normal 600 14px/20px "Open Sans", sans-serif; flex-direction: column; position: relative; margin: 0 5px 15px } .list-desc-wrap ul li a { color: #3e3e3e; display: flex; width: 100%; align-items: flex-start; padding: 16px; flex-direction: column } .list-desc-wrap ul li h4 { display: block } .list-desc-wrap ul li span { width: 90%; font-size: 13px; height: 60px; overflow: hidden } .list-desc-wrap .bg-blue-arrow { position: absolute; right: 8px } .textbook-soln .list-wrap { display: block } .textbook-soln .list-wrap ul { display: block } .textbook-soln .list-wrap ul li { width: 362px; height: 70px; margin: 0 10px 20px; float: left } .textbook-soln .list-wrap ul li a span { margin-right: auto; padding-left: 15px; float: left } .textbook-soln em { float: left } .textbook-soln .bg-arrow { float: right } .clear { clear: both } .bg-arrow { width: 33px; height: 33px; border-radius: 50%; border: 1px solid #fff; display: flex; align-items: center } .bg-mathematics { background: transparent linear-gradient(180deg, #668c80 0, #4f7267 100%) 0 0 no-repeat padding-box; box-shadow: 0 2px 3px #00000029 } .bg-maths { background: transparent linear-gradient(180deg, #668c80 0, #4f7267 100%) 0 0 no-repeat padding-box; box-shadow: 0 2px 3px #00000029 } .bg-social-studies { background: transparent linear-gradient(180deg, #c16366 0, #a34c4f 100%) 0 0 no-repeat padding-box; box-shadow: 0 2px 3px #00000029 } .bg-english { background: transparent linear-gradient(180deg, #4fa2ad 0, #43848d 100%) 0 0 no-repeat padding-box; box-shadow: 0 2px 3px #00000029 } .bg-hindi { background: transparent linear-gradient(180deg, #cbaa5f 0, #a88c4d 100%) 0 0 no-repeat padding-box; box-shadow: 0 2px 3px #00000029 } .bg-science { background: transparent linear-gradient(180deg, #8d72a1 0, #614d71 100%) 0 0 no-repeat padding-box; box-shadow: 0 2px 3px #00000029 } .bg-general-science { background: transparent linear-gradient(180deg, #8d72a1 0, #614d71 100%) 0 0 no-repeat padding-box; box-shadow: 0 2px 3px #00000029 } .bg-economics, .bg-geography, .bg-civics, .bg-history { background: transparent linear-gradient(180deg, #c16366 0, #a88c4d 100%) 0 0 no-repeat padding-box; box-shadow: 0 2px 3px #00000029 } .bg-business-studies, .bg-accountancy { background: transparent linear-gradient(180deg, #006fba 0, #006fba 100%) 0 0 no-repeat padding-box; box-shadow: 0 2px 3px #00000029 } .bg-chemistry, .bg-physics, .bg-biology { background: transparent linear-gradient(180deg, #8d72a1 0, #614d71 100%) 0 0 no-repeat padding-box; box-shadow: 0 2px 3px #00000029 } .viewchapt { display: flex; justify-content: center; color: #3e3e3e; margin: 10px auto 0; position: relative; width: 377px } .viewchapt:after { width: 0; height: 0; position: absolute; top: 40%; right: 12px; content: "\203A"; z-index: 98; font-size: 30px; transform: rotate(90deg); color: #668c80 } .viewchapt select { -webkit-appearance: none; -moz-appearance: none; appearance: none; padding: 12px 9px; border: 2px solid #668c80; box-shadow: 0 3px 6px #00000029; border-radius: 10px; background: #fff; height: 49px; width: 359px; font: normal normal normal 16px/24px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e } .lm-btn { font: normal normal 600 15px/24px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e; cursor: pointer; margin: 20px auto 0; display: block } .lm-btn1 { margin: 0 auto } .show { height: auto } .banner-pyqs { background: url(/assets/v1/images/bg-banner-pyqs.jpg) no-repeat center top; width: 1067px; height: 226px; display: flex; margin: 0 auto 30px; align-items: center } .pyqs-left-img { background: url(/assets/v1/images/pyp-bg-img.png) no-repeat center top; width: 370px; height: 215px } .banner-pyqs .text, .banner-sample .text { width: 50%; margin-left: auto; margin-right: 60px; margin-top: -30px; text-align: center; align-items: center; color: #006fb9; font: normal normal 17px/24px "Open Sans", sans-serif; display: flex; flex-direction: column } .banner-sample { background: #eaeaea; width: 1067px; height: 226px; margin: 0 auto 30px; display: flex; align-items: center } .sample-left-img { background: url(/assets/v1/images/sample-bg-img.jpg) no-repeat center top; width: 389px; height: 226px } .banner-sample .text { margin-top: 0 } .comm-tabs { display: flex; justify-content: center } .tablinks { font: 600 16px/22px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e; background: #efefef; border: 1px solid #bababa; width: 50%; min-height: 47px; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; position: relative; cursor: pointer } .tablinks.active { background: #006fb9; border-color: #006fb9; color: #fff; position: relative } .tablinks.active::after { content: ""; border-left: 8px solid transparent; border-right: 8px solid transparent; bottom: -9px; width: 0; height: 0; border-top: 8px solid #006fb9; position: absolute; left: 50%; z-index: 1 } .nxt--vid-grid .vid-titl-w { display: flex; width: 100%; margin: 30px 0 0 } .nxt--vid-grid .vid-titl-w h3 { font: 700 16px/24px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e; padding-right: 23px; height: 48px; max-width: 270px; display: block; display: -webkit-box; -webkit-line-clamp: 2; -webkit-box-orient: vertical; text-overflow: ellipsis; overflow: hidden } .nxt--vid-grid .video-wrap { padding-top: 10px; padding-bottom: 10px } .nxt--vid-grid .vdo-img-wrap, .nxt--vid-grid .vdo-img-wrap img { max-width: 280px; width: 100% } .nxt--vid-grid .video-box { margin: 0; display: inherit; flex-direction: inherit } .nxt--vid-grid .glide__arrow { height: 40px; width: 40px; background: #006fb9; border: 0; cursor: pointer; border-radius: 40px; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; position: absolute; top: 40% } .nxt--vid-grid .glide__arrow--left { left: 10px } .nxt--vid-grid .glide__arrow img { width: 8px; height: 16px; position: relative } .nxt--vid-grid .glide__arrow--right { right: 10px; left: auto } .nxt--vid-grid .vid-desc { padding-bottom: 40px; font-size: 15px; line-height: 20px; color: #3e3e3e } .sec-titl-w { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center; margin-top: 15px } .sec-titl-w h2 { font: normal normal bold 22px/24px "Open Sans", sans-serif } .v-all { color: #fff; width: 83px; height: 25px; background: #668c80 0 0 no-repeat padding-box; box-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgb(0 0 0 / 42%); border-radius: 0 12px; font: 700 10px/11px "Open Sans"; text-transform: uppercase; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; flex-shrink: 0 } .v-all:after { content: ""; margin-left: 5px; border: solid #fff; border-width: 0 2px 2px 0; display: inline-block; padding: 2px; transform: rotate(-45deg); -webkit-transform: rotate(-45deg) } .meta-info .desc { font: 400 16px/24px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e; border-bottom: 2px solid #bababa; padding: 8px 0 } .bottom-border { border-bottom: 2px solid #bababa; padding: 12px 0 } .sec-titl-w .mathematics { color: #668c80 } .sec-titl-w .maths { color: #668c80 } .mathematics-v-all { background: #668c80; color: #fff } .maths-v-all { background: #668c80; color: #fff } .sec-titl-w .science { color: #8d72a1 } .science-v-all { background: #8d72a1; color: #fff } .sec-titl-w .hindi { color: #cbaa5f } .hindi-v-all { background: #cbaa5f; color: #fff } .sec-titl-w .social-studies { color: #c16366 } .social-studies-v-all { background: #c16366; color: #fff } .sec-titl-w .english { color: #4fa2ad } .english-v-all { background: #4fa2ad; color: #fff } .flexcol-wrap { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center; margin: 20px 0 } .tabs-wrap { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; margin-right: 23px; flex-shrink: 0 } .tabs-wrap a { background: #d9d9d9; border-radius: 8px; opacity: .83; padding: 6px; font: normal normal normal 15px/24px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e; margin-right: 7px } .tabs-wrap .active { background: #fff; border: 2px solid #70aed7 } .select-wrap { display: flex; justify-content: center; color: #3e3e3e; position: relative; width: 331px; margin: 0 auto 30px } .select-wrap:after { width: 0; height: 0; position: absolute; top: 40%; right: 12px; content: "\203A"; z-index: 1; font-size: 30px; transform: rotate(90deg); color: #006fb9 } .select-wrap select { -webkit-appearance: none; -moz-appearance: none; appearance: none; padding: 10px 9px; border: 2px solid #006fb9; box-shadow: 0 3px 6px #00000029; border-radius: 10px; background: #fff; height: 49px; width: 320px; font: normal normal normal 16px/24px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e } #filter { cursor: pointer; margin-left: 5px; display: flex; align-items: center; box-shadow: 0 3px 6px #00000029; border: 2px solid #006fb9; border-radius: 8px; justify-content: space-around; width: 193px; height: 49px; flex-shrink: 0 } #filter span { font: normal normal normal 16px/24px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e; pointer-events: none } #filter img { pointer-events: none } .data-wrap .org-btn { margin: 50px auto } .ques-ans-box { width: 100%; padding: 7px 8px; background: #fff; position: relative; border-radius: 12px; box-shadow: 0 3px 10px #00000029; margin-bottom: 20px } .ques-ans-box.slant-box::after { bottom: -11px; border-width: 51px 0 0 44px } .ques-ans-box .right-arrow::after { font-size: 26px; transform: rotate(-10deg); top: 8px; right: 24px } .boardName { font: normal normal 600 10px/22px "Open Sans", sans-serif } .ques { font: normal normal normal 16px/22px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e } #big-img { width: 100%; height: auto; margin: 10px 0 } #big-img img { width: 100% } .date-time { font: normal normal 600 11px/22px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #595959; border-bottom: 2px solid #ededed } .ans-expert { font: normal normal 600 10px/10px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e; padding: 5px 0; display: flex; justify-content: flex-start; align-items: center } .ans-expert em { margin-right: 5px } .ans-expert button { font: normal normal 600 10px/10px "Open Sans", sans-serif; display: flex; align-items: center } .answer { padding-bottom: 15px; font: normal normal bold 16px/24px "Open Sans", sans-serif } .answer div { font: normal 16px/24px "Open Sans", sans-serif } .answer ul { margin: 10px 0 } .answer ul li { font: 400 16px/22px "Open Sans", sans-serif; margin-left: 15px; padding-bottom: 15px; color: #3e3e3e } .answer ul li::before { content: ""; width: 7px; height: 7px; background: #f48020; border-radius: 50%; display: block; margin: 8px 10px 0 -15px; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top } .question { background: #fff 0 0 no-repeat padding-box; box-shadow: 0 3px 10px #00000029; border-radius: 16px; padding: 12px 15px 20px 15px; margin-top: 25px } .qstn-title { color: #006fb9; font: normal normal bold 16px/24px "Open Sans", sans-serif } .question p, .qstn, .question>div { font: normal normal normal 16px/24px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e } .question img { max-width: 100% } .question ol { margin-left: 20px; list-style-type: upper-alpha; color: #3e3e3e; font: normal normal normal 16px/34px "Open Sans", sans-serif } .question li::marker { color: #006fb9; font-weight: 700 } .qstn-option span { font: normal normal bold 16px/24px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #006fb9 } .qstn-option { font: normal normal normal 16px/24px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e } .qstn-img { margin: 12px 0 } .question-section-b { margin-top: 23px } .section-subtitle { font: italic normal normal 16px/24px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e; width: 715px; margin: 0 auto; text-align: center } .downmoad-pdf { padding: 20px; font: normal normal bold 15px/22px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e; box-shadow: 0 3px 10px #00000029; border: 2px solid #006fb9; border-radius: 16px; width: 368px; margin: 0 auto; display: table; position: relative } .pdf-icon { position: absolute; right: 11px; top: 11px } .qstn span { font: normal normal bold 16px/24px "Open Sans", sans-serif } .table-view { display: flex; margin-top: 10px } .opt-table { width: 613px; border: 1px solid #000; text-align: left } .opt-head { font: normal normal bold 13px/16px "Open Sans", sans-serif; border: 1px solid #000; padding: 3px } .opt { font: normal normal normal 13px/15px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e; padding: 3px; border: 1px solid #000 } .table-view ul { position: relative; top: 20px; margin-right: 5px } .selbox-wrap { width: 330px; margin: 15px auto; position: relative; text-align: center } .selbox-wrap select { -webkit-appearance: none; -moz-appearance: none; appearance: none; background: #fff; box-shadow: 0 3px 6px #00000029; border: 2px solid #006fb9; border-radius: 10px; color: #3e3e3e; padding: 12px 28px 12px 9px; width: 100%; font: normal 16px/20px "Open Sans", sans-serif } .selbox-wrap::after { width: 0; height: 0; position: absolute; top: 40%; right: 5px; content: "\203A"; z-index: 1; font-size: 30px; transform: rotate(90deg); color: #006fb9 } .ate-search-wrap { width: 300px; margin: 0 auto 20px; position: relative } .ate-search-wrap .input-wrap { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; border-radius: 8px; background: #dfdfdf } .input-search { width: 296px; height: 42px; color: #3e3e3e; opacity: .98; background: transparent; font: normal normal normal 16px/22px "Open Sans", sans-serif; border: 0; padding: 12px 10px } .ate-search-wrap .input-wrap svg { margin: 9px 10px } .speaker-circle { background: transparent radial-gradient(closest-side at 37% 36%, #ff9140 0, #f16911 100%) 0 0 no-repeat padding-box; width: 39px; height: 38px; border-radius: 50%; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; flex-shrink: 0; margin-left: 20px; cursor: pointer } .ate-search-cont { display: flex; justify-content: space-between } .result-wrap { position: absolute; top: 43px; width: 336px; margin: -4px auto 0; background: #dfdfdf; padding: 20px 0 0; border-radius: 0 0 8px 8px; display: none; z-index: 1 } .abt--tl-sec .result-wrap ul { margin-bottom: 10px; height: 150px; overflow: auto } .result-wrap ul li { list-style: none; font: normal normal normal 16px/36px "Open Sans", sans-serif } .abt--tl-sec .result-wrap ul li a, .result-wrap ul li a { color: #3e3e3e } .abt--tl-sec .result-wrap ul li a:hover, .result-wrap ul li a:hover { color: #1c81c4 } .abt--tl-sec .result-wrap ul li::before, .result-wrap ul li::before { display: none } .abt--tl-sec .no-results { margin-left: 10px } .result-wrap .no-results { display: flex; justify-content: flex-start; margin-left: 10px } .no-results span { font: normal normal bold 16px/23px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e; padding-left: 7px } .no-results span em { font: normal normal normal 14px/18px "Open Sans", sans-serif; display: block; color: #3e3e3e } .vsmc { max-width: 293px; margin: 14% auto } .voice-search-mb { border-radius: 19px; display: flex; flex-direction: column; justify-content: center; align-items: center; gap: 20px; margin: 0 auto } .pulse-effect { background-color: #f16911; height: 40px; width: 40px; border-radius: 100%; position: relative; margin: 15px 0 } .circle { position: absolute; background-color: #f16911; height: 100%; width: 100%; border-radius: 100%; opacity: .5; animation: pulse 3s ease-out infinite } .circle:nth-of-type(1) { animation-delay: -0.5s } .circle:nth-of-type(2) { animation-delay: -1s } .circle:nth-of-type(3) { animation-delay: -1.5s } .pulse-effect img { position: absolute; top: 50%; left: 50%; transform: translate(-50%, -50%) } @keyframes pulse { 100% { transform: scale(1.75); opacity: 0 } } .or-text { text-align: center; margin: 20px 0 } .or-text span { color: #3e3e3e; font: normal normal normal 16px/22px "Open Sans", sans-serif; opacity: .7; position: relative } .or-text span::before, .or-text span::after { content: ""; background: #d7d7d7; width: 30px; height: 2px; position: absolute; top: 10px } .or-text span::before { left: -38px } .or-text span::after { right: -38px } .ate-accordion .freebweb-label { background: #006fb9; font: normal normal normal 16px/22px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #fff } .ate-accordion .freebweb-label::after { color: #fff; margin-top: -10px; font-size: 40px } .ate-accordion .flexcol-wrap { justify-content: flex-start; align-items: center; position: relative; z-index: 1; margin: 20px 0 } .ate-accordion .tabs-wrap { margin-right: 0; justify-content: flex-start } .ate-accordion .filterDataList { position: relative; z-index: 7; margin-top: 0; margin-left: 5px } .ate-accordion .filterDataList .chosenList { margin: 0 } .ate-accordion .data-wrap { position: relative; z-index: 1 } .ate-accordion .subjectList { padding: 3px 7px 3px 10px; margin: 0 6px 0 } [hidden] { display: none; visibility: hidden } .group-list li { margin: 10px 0 } .sub-group-list li { margin: 10px 0 } .group-list, .sub-group-list, .sub-sub-group-list { height: 100%; max-height: 0; overflow: hidden; transition: max-height 0.5s ease-in-out } .nav__list input[type="checkbox"]:checked+label+ul { max-height: 100% } .syllabus-section { margin-bottom: 40px } .max-inner-container { max-width: 755px; margin: 0 auto } .syllabus-desc p { font: normal normal normal 16px/22px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e; margin-bottom: 20px; text-align: center } .syllabus-desc .rm-btn { font: normal normal 600 15px/24px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e; padding: 0; border: 0; background: 0; cursor: pointer; display: table; margin: 0 0 30px } .syllabus-desc .rm-btn:hover { opacity: .8 } .syllabus-section .accordion { margin-top: 15px } .syllabus-section .science-name { margin-top: 25px } .syllabus-section .accordion:first-child { margin-top: 0 } .syllabus-section .bord-accordion { border: 0 } .syllabus-section .border-label { padding: 0; font-weight: 400 } .syllabus-section .accordion-label::after { top: 8px; color: #8d72a1; right: 10px } .syllabus-section input:checked+.accordion-label::after { right: 10px } input:checked+.border-label { font-weight: 400 } .syllabus-section input:checked~.accordion-content { padding: 10px 0 0 0; margin: 0 12px } .accordion-content-inner { max-height: 0; padding: 0; color: #2c3e50; -webkit-transition: all 0.35s; transition: all 0.35s; font: 400 16px/28px "Open Sans", sans-serif } .inner-tab input:checked~.accordion-content-inner { max-height: 100vh } .biology-bg { background: #fff } .science-bg, .chemistry-bg, .physics-bg, .biology-bg { background: #8d72a1 } .common-sub-bg { background: #efefef } .mathematics-bg { background: #668c80 } .maths-bg { background: #668c80 } .oth-bg { background: #cbaa5f } .hindi-bg { background: #cbaa5f } .social-studies-bg { background: #c16366 } .economics-bg { background: #c16366 } .economics-applications-bg { background: #c16366 } .english-bg { background: #4fa2ad } .economics .sub-name { border: 2px solid #c16366; color: #fff } .chemistry .sub-name, .physics .sub-name, .biology .sub-name { border: 2px solid #8d72a1; color: #fff } .maths .sub-name { border: 2px solid #668c80; color: #fff } .maths .group-list .sub-name, .hindi .group-list .sub-name, .social .group-list .sub-name, .english .group-list .sub-name, .social-studies .group-list .sub-name, .physics .group-list .sub-name, .biology .group-list .sub-name, .chemistry .group-list .sub-name, .economics .group-list .sub-name { color: #3e3e3e } .social-studies .group-list .sub-name.economics-bg { color: #fff } .hindi .sub-name { border: 2px solid #cbaa5f; color: #fff } .social .sub-name { border: 2px solid #c16366; color: #fff } .english .sub-name { border: 2px solid #4fa2ad; color: #fff } .social-studies .sub-name { color: #fff } .sub-name { display: block; width: 100%; padding: 10px; box-shadow: 0 3px 6px #00000029; border: 2px solid #8d72a1; border-radius: 11px; font: normal 16px/24px "Open Sans", sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0; color: #3e3e3e; position: relative } .syllabus-section .science-name .sci-name { color: #fff; border: 0; padding: 13px } .syllabus-section .syllabus-section .science-name .accordion-label::after { color: #fff } .syllabus-section .sci-label::after { color: #fff } .lesson-points { padding: 0 25px } .lesson-points li { border-bottom: 1px solid #d9d9d9; text-align: left; font: normal 15px/35px "Open Sans", sans-serif } .lesson-points .sub-links { color: #3e3e3e } .lesson-points li:last-child { border-bottom: 0 } .view-syllabus { font: normal 13px/24px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #fff; padding: 1px 10px; border-radius: 15px; position: absolute; right: 50px; top: 12px } .view-science-bg { background: #604e6e } .view-biology-bg { background: #604e6e } .view-chemistry-bg { background: #604e6e } .view-physics-bg { background: #604e6e } .view-grammar-bg { background: #366f76 } .view-mathematics-bg { background: #466057 } .view-maths-bg { background: #466057 } .view-oth-bg { background: #5f4f2c } .view-hindi-bg { background: #5f4f2c } .view-social-studies-bg { background: #844446 } .view-economics-bg { background: #844446 } .view-economics-applications-bg { background: #844446 } .view-english-bg { background: #366f76 } .view-business-studies-bg { background: #8d72a1 } .view-accountancy-bg { background: #8d72a1 } .view-poems-and-short-stories-bg { background: #366f76 } .time-schedule { font: normal normal 600 15px/20px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e; padding-bottom: 10px } .time-schedule span { font-weight: 400 } .webinar-box .webinar { width: 550px; height: 138px; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 15px } .webinar-box .webinar-inner { height: 106px } .webinar-flex .webinar-box:first-child { margin-left: 0 } .webinar-flex .webinar-box:nth-of-type(2n) { margin-right: 0 } .webinar-section { margin-bottom: 20px } .webinar-flex { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; justify-content: center } .webinar { border-radius: 16px; width: 370px; height: 126px; margin-right: 20px; margin-bottom: 30px; cursor: pointer } .bg-web-mathematics { border: 2px solid #668c80; overflow: hidden } .bg-web-maths { border: 2px solid #668c80; overflow: hidden } .bg-web-science { border: 2px solid #8d72a1; overflow: hidden } .bg-web-biology { border: 2px solid #8d72a1; overflow: hidden } .bg-web-chemistry { border: 2px solid #8d72a1; overflow: hidden } .bg-web-physics { border: 2px solid #8d72a1; overflow: hidden } .bg-web-english { border: 2px solid #366f76; overflow: hidden } .bg-web-grammar { border: 2px solid #366f76; overflow: hidden } .bg-web-poems-and-short-stories { border: 2px solid #366f76; overflow: hidden } .bg-web-hindi { border: 2px solid #cbaa5f; overflow: hidden } .bg-web-oth { border: 2px solid #cbaa5f; overflow: hidden } .bg-web-social-studies { border: 2px solid #c16366; overflow: hidden } .bg-web-economics { border: 2px solid #c16366; overflow: hidden } .bg-web-economics-applications { border: 2px solid #c16366; overflow: hidden } .webinar:nth-child(3n+3) { margin-right: 0 } .webinar-inner { background: #fff; height: 94px; display: flex; padding: 12px 13px 25px 11px; border-radius: 16px } .webinar-text { margin-left: 10px } .webinar-title { font: normal normal 600 16px/20px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e } .webinar-desc { font: normal normal normal 13px/20px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e } .webinar-bottom { display: flex } .webinar-duration { width: 50%; background-color: #efefef; padding: 4px 12px; font: normal normal normal 13px/20px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e; position: relative } .webinar-duration:before { content: ""; position: absolute; width: 12px; height: 7px; border-radius: 40%; box-shadow: 5px 5px 0 0 #efefef; top: -10px; left: -2px; transform: rotate(45deg); z-index: -1 } .status-mathematics { background-color: #668c80 } .status-maths { background-color: #668c80 } .status-mathematics:after { box-shadow: 5px 5px 0 0 #668c80 } .status-maths:after { box-shadow: 5px 5px 0 0 #668c80 } .webinar-status { width: 50%; padding: 4px 12px; font: normal normal normal 13px/20px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #fff; text-align: center; position: relative; cursor: pointer } .webinar-status:after { content: ""; position: absolute; width: 7px; height: 12px; border-radius: 0 40% 40% 40%; top: -12px; right: 0; transform: rotate(45deg) } .w-play { display: flex; justify-content: center; align-items: center; color: #fff; margin: 0 auto } .status-science { background-color: #8d72a1 } .status-biology { background-color: #8d72a1 } .status-chemistry { background-color: #8d72a1 } .status-physics { background-color: #8d72a1 } .status-science:after { box-shadow: 5px 5px 0 0 #8d72a1 } .status-social-studies { background-color: #c16366 } .status-economics { background-color: #c16366 } .status-economics-applications { background-color: #c16366 } .status-social-studies:after { box-shadow: 5px 5px 0 0 #c16366 } .status-hindi { background-color: #cbaa5f } .status-oth { background-color: #cbaa5f } .status-english { background-color: #366f76 } .status-grammar { background-color: #366f76 } .status-poems-and-short-stories { background-color: #366f76 } .status-hindi:after { box-shadow: 5px 5px 0 0 #cbaa5f } .w-time { font: normal normal 600 15px/19px "Open Sans", sans-serif; letter-spacing: 1.28px } .free-web-accordion { margin-top: 20px } .freebweb-label { position: relative; background: #fff; box-shadow: 0 3px 6px #00000029; border: 2px solid #006fb9; border-radius: 9px; display: block; width: 100%; padding: 8px 15px; color: #3e3e3e; font: normal normal normal 16px/28px "Open Sans", sans-serif; cursor: pointer } .freebweb-label::after { content: "\203A"; width: 1em; height: 1em; text-align: center; -webkit-transition: all 0.35s; transition: all 0.35s; font-weight: 100; font-size: 30px; -webkit-transform: rotate(90deg); transform: rotate(90deg); color: #006fb9; opacity: .8; position: absolute; right: 8px } .freebweb-label span { display: inline-block; width: 95% } .free-web-accordion input { position: absolute; opacity: 0; z-index: -1 } .web-accord-content { max-height: 0; padding: 0; color: #2c3e50; -webkit-transition: all 0.35s; transition: all 0.35s; font: 400 16px/28px "Open Sans", sans-serif; opacity: 0; margin: 0; pointer-events: none } .webinar-box { margin: 0 15px 0 } input:checked+.freebweb-label::after { -webkit-transform: rotate(270deg); transform: rotate(270deg); right: 4px } input:checked~.web-accord-content { max-height: 100%; padding: 10px 0; opacity: 1; pointer-events: auto } #consmp-wrap .max-container { width: 853px } #consmp-wrap img { width: 100% } #consmp-wrap .glide__arrows { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; margin-top: 7px } #consmp-wrap .glide__arrow { width: 33px; height: 33px; border: 2px solid #006fb9; border-radius: 50%; display: flex; justify-content: center; align-items: center; cursor: pointer } #consmp-wrap .glide__arrow--prev svg { margin-left: -5px; margin-top: -6px } #consmp-wrap .glide__arrow--next svg { margin-left: -4px; margin-top: -6px } #slider-numbers { position: absolute; left: 50%; bottom: 10px } .ex-wrap { background: #efefef 0 0 no-repeat padding-box; border: 1px solid #c1c1c1 } .ex-wrap .excercise-cont { display: block; overflow: auto } .excercise-cont .exlinks { /* width: 90px; height: 46px; */ padding: 12px 0; margin: 0 20px; text-align: center; font: normal normal normal 16px/22px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e; cursor: pointer; display: inline-block } .excercise-cont .exlinks:hover, .excercise-cont .exlinks.active { background: #006fb9; color: #fff; display: inline-block } .exc-cont { width: 1094px; margin: 0 auto } .chapt-text { color: #f16911; font: normal normal bold 10px/24px "Open Sans", sans-serif; text-transform: uppercase; padding-top: 18px } .soln-cont { border-bottom: 2px solid #e7e7e7; padding: 0 0 18px } .soln-cont:last-child { border-bottom: 0 } .soln-cont h2 { color: #465d52; font: normal normal bold 18px/28px "Open Sans", sans-serif } .number-list, .lowalpha-list, .upalpha-list, .lowroman-list, .uproman-list { margin: 20px 0 10px } .number-list li { list-style: decimal; margin-left: 20px; padding-bottom: 10px; font: 400 16px/22px "Open Sans", sans-serif } .lowalpha-list li { list-style: lower-alpha; margin-left: 20px; padding-bottom: 10px; font: 400 16px/22px "Open Sans", sans-serif } .upalpha-list li { list-style: upper-alpha; margin-left: 20px; padding-bottom: 10px; font: 400 16px/22px "Open Sans", sans-serif } .lowroman-list li { list-style: lower-roman; margin-left: 20px; padding-bottom: 10px; font: 400 16px/22px "Open Sans", sans-serif } .uproman-list li { list-style: upper-roman; margin-left: 20px; padding-bottom: 10px; font: 400 16px/22px "Open Sans", sans-serif } .soln-ttl { font: normal normal bold 16px/24px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e; padding: 10px 0 } .soln-ttl div, .soln-cont div { font: normal normal normal 16px/24px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e } .soln-cont p { font: normal normal normal 16px/24px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e } .soln-ttl ol { margin-left: 15px; font-weight: 400; margin-top: 15px } .pgcont p { font: normal normal normal 16px/22px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e; margin-bottom: 20px } .abt--tl-sec ul { margin-bottom: 20px } .abt--tl-sec ul li { font: 400 16px/22px "Open Sans", sans-serif; margin-left: 15px; padding-bottom: 15px; color: #3e3e3e } .abt--tl-sec ul li::before { content: ""; width: 7px; height: 7px; background: #999; border-radius: 50%; display: block; margin: 5px 10px 0 -15px; float: left } .abt--tl-sec ul li a { color: #1c81c4 } .video-container { width: 720px; height: 427px; border-radius: 9px; background: #848484; margin: 30px auto; position: relative; cursor: pointer } .lg-modal .modal-class { max-width: 761px } .lg-modal .modal-class .video-js { width: 710px; height: 320px } .pricing .pkg-ttl { padding: 15px 5px 10px; min-height: 75px; display: flex; justify-content: center; align-items: center } .pricing .glide__track { max-width: 750px; margin: 50px auto 0 } .pricing .pkg-wrap .glide__slide { max-width: 321px; margin: 0 0 30px } .pricing .pkg-box ul { background: #f0f0f0; width: 95%; height: 394px; border-radius: 25px } .view-pack { text-align: center; color: #3e3e3e; font: normal normal bold 16px/34px "Open Sans", sans-serif; display: block; padding-bottom: 12px; padding-top: 10px } @media screen and 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class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-7">Class 7</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-8">Class 8</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-9">Class 9</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-10">Class 10</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/maharashtra">Maharashtra</a> <ul class="innermenu top-space"> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/junior-class-1">Class 1</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/junior-class-2">Class 2</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/junior-class-3">Class 3</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/junior-class-4">Class 4</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/junior-class-5">Class 5</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/maharashtra-class-6">Class 6</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/maharashtra-class-7">Class 7</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/maharashtra-class-8">Class 8</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/maharashtra-class-9">Class 9</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/maharashtra-class-10">Class 10</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <button>NCERT Solutions</button> <ul class="submenu"> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-12-science">NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Science</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-12-commerce">NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Commerce</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-11-science">NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Science</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-11-commerce">NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Commerce</a> </li> <li > <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-10">NCERT Solutions for Class 10</a> <ul class="innermenu top-space"> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-10">NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths</a> </li> <li > <span>NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science</span> <ul class=""> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-10-biology">NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Biology</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-10-physics">NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Physics</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-10-chemistry">NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Chemistry</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-10-english">NCERT Solutions for Class 10 English</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-10-hindi">NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Hindi</a> </li> <li > <span>NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Social Science</span> <ul class=""> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-10-history">NCERT Solutions for Class 10 History</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-10-civics">NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Civics</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-10-geography">NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Geography</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-9">NCERT Solutions for Class 9</a> <ul class="innermenu top-space"> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-9-maths">NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Maths</a> </li> <li > <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/">NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science</a> <ul class=""> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-9-biology">NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Biology</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-9-physics">NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Physics</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-9-chemistry">NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Chemistry</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-9-english">NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-9-hindi">NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Hindi</a> </li> <li > <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/">NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Social Science</a> <ul class=""> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-9-history">NCERT Solutions for Class 9 History</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-9-civics">NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Civics</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-9-geography">NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Geography</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8">NCERT Solutions for Class 8</a> <ul class="innermenu top-space"> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-maths">NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Maths</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-science">NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Science</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-english">NCERT Solutions for Class 8 English</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-hindi">NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Hindi</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-history">NCERT Solutions for Class 8 History</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-civics">NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Civics</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-geography">NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Geography</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-7">NCERT Solutions for Class 7</a> <ul class="innermenu top-space"> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-7-maths">NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Maths</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-7-science">NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Science</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-7-english">NCERT Solutions for Class 7 English</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-7-hindi">NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Hindi</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-7-history">NCERT Solutions for Class 7 History</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-7-civics">NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Civics</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-7-geography">NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Geography</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-6">NCERT Solutions for Class 6</a> <ul class="innermenu top-space"> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-6-maths">NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Maths</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-6-science">NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Science</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-6-english">NCERT Solutions for Class 6 English</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-6-hindi">NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Hindi</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-6-history">NCERT Solutions for Class 6 History</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-6-civics">NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Civics</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-6-geography">NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Geography</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <button>Selina Solutions</button> <ul class="submenu"> <li > <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/selina-solutions/icse-class-10">Selina Solutions for Class 10</a> <ul class="innermenu "> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/selina-solutions/icse-class-10-maths">Selina Solutions for Class 10 Maths</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/selina-solutions/icse-class-10-physics">Selina Solutions for Class 10 Physics</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/selina-solutions/icse-class-10-chemistry">Selina Solutions for Class 10 Chemistry</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/selina-solutions/icse-class-10-biology">Selina Solutions for Class 10 Biology</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/selina-solutions/icse-class-9">Selina Solutions for Class 9</a> <ul class="innermenu "> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/selina-solutions/icse-class-9-maths">Selina Solutions for Class 9 Maths</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/selina-solutions/icse-class-9-physics">Selina Solutions for Class 9 Physics</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/selina-solutions/icse-class-9-chemistry">Selina Solutions for Class 9 Chemistry</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/selina-solutions/icse-class-9-biology">Selina Solutions for Class 9 Biology</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/selina-solutions/icse-class-8">Selina Solutions for Class 8</a> <ul class="innermenu "> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/selina-solutions/icse-class-8-maths">Selina Solutions for Class 8 Maths</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/selina-solutions/icse-class-8-physics">Selina Solutions for Class 8 Physics</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/selina-solutions/icse-class-8-chemistry">Selina Solutions for Class 8 Chemistry</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/selina-solutions/icse-class-8-biology">Selina Solutions for Class 8 Biology</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <button>Other Solutions</button> <ul class="submenu"> <li > <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/rd-sharma-solutions">RD Sharma Solutions</a> <ul class="innermenu "> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/rd-sharma-solutions/cbse-class-12-science">RD Sharma Class 12 Solutions</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/rd-sharma-solutions/cbse-class-11-science">RD Sharma Class 11 Solutions</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/rd-sharma-solutions/cbse-class-10">RD Sharma Class 10 Solutions</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/rd-sharma-solutions/cbse-class-9">RD Sharma Class 9 Solutions</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <span>R S Aggarwal And V Aggarwal Solutions</span> <ul class="innermenu "> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/r-s-aggarwal-and-v-aggarwal-solutions/cbse-class-10">R S Aggarwal And V Aggarwal Class 10 Solutions</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/r-s-aggarwal-and-v-aggarwal-solutions/cbse-class-9">R S Aggarwal And V Aggarwal Class 9 Solutions</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <span>Lakhmir Singh And Manjit Kaur Solutions</span> <ul class="innermenu "> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/lakhmir-singh-and-manjit-kaur-solutions/cbse-class-10">Lakhmir Singh And Manjit Kaur Class 10 Solutions</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/lakhmir-singh-and-manjit-kaur-solutions/cbse-class-9">Lakhmir Singh And Manjit Kaur Class 9 Solutions</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <span>P S Verma and V K Agarwal Solutions</span> <ul class="innermenu "> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/p-s-verma-and-v-k-agarwal-solutions/cbse-class-9">P S Verma and V K Agarwal Class 9 Solutions</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <span>Frank Solutions</span> <ul class="innermenu "> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/frank-solutions/icse-class-10">Frank Solutions for Class 10</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/frank-solutions/icse-class-9">Frank Solutions for Class 9</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <span>T S Grewal Solutions</span> <ul class="innermenu "> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/t-s-grewal-solutions/cbse-class-12-commerce">T S Grewal Solutions for class 12 commerce</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/t-s-grewal-solutions/cbse-class-11-commerce">T S Grewal Solutions for class 11 commerce</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <button>Study Materials</button> <ul class="submenu"> <li > <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse">CBSE</a> <ul class="innermenu top-space"> <li > <span>CBSE Sample Papers</span> <ul class="top-space"> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-6-sample-papers">CBSE Sample Papers for Class 6</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-7-sample-papers">CBSE Sample Papers for Class 7</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-sample-papers">CBSE Sample Papers for Class 8</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-9-sample-papers">CBSE Sample Papers for Class 9</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-sample-papers">CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-11-science-sample-papers">CBSE Sample Papers for Class 11 Science</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-11-commerce-sample-papers">CBSE Sample Papers for Class 11 Commerce</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-12-science-sample-papers">CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Science</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-12-commerce-sample-papers">CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Commerce</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <span>CBSE Revision Notes</span> <ul class="top-space"> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-6-revision-notes">CBSE Class 6 Revision Notes</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-7-revision-notes">CBSE Class 7 Revision Notes</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-revision-notes">CBSE Class 8 Revision Notes</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-9-revision-notes">CBSE Class 9 Revision Notes</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-revision-notes">CBSE Class 10 Revision Notes</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-11-science-revision-notes">CBSE Class 11 Science Revision Notes</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-11-commerce-revision-notes">CBSE Class 11 Commerce Revision Notes</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-12-science-revision-notes">CBSE Class 12 Science Revision Notes</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-12-commerce-revision-notes">CBSE Class 12 Commerce Revision Notes</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <span>CBSE MCQs</span> <ul class="top-space"> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-6-mcq">CBSE MCQs for Class 6</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-7-mcq">CBSE MCQs for Class 7</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-mcq">CBSE MCQs for Class 8</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-9-mcq">CBSE MCQs for Class 9</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-mcq">CBSE MCQs for Class 10</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-11-science-mcq">CBSE MCQs for Class 11 Science </a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-11-commerce-mcq">CBSE MCQs for Class 11 Commerce </a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-12-science-mcq">CBSE MCQs for Class 12 Science </a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-12-commerce-mcq">CBSE MCQs for Class 12 Commerce </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <span>CBSE Video Lessons</span> <ul class="top-space"> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-6-videos">CBSE Video Lessons for Class 6</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-7-videos">CBSE Video Lessons for Class 7</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-videos">CBSE Video Lessons for Class 8</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-9-videos">CBSE Video Lessons for Class 9</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-videos">CBSE Video Lessons for Class 10</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-11-science-videos">CBSE Video Lessons for Class 11 Science</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-11-commerce-videos">CBSE Video Lessons for Class 11 Commerce</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-12-science-videos">CBSE Video Lessons for Class 12 Science</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-12-commerce-videos">CBSE Video Lessons for Class 12 Commerce</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <span>CBSE Syllabus</span> <ul class="top-space"> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-6-syllabus">CBSE Syllabus for Class 6</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-7-syllabus">CBSE Syllabus for Class 7</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-syllabus">CBSE Syllabus for Class 8</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-9-syllabus">CBSE Syllabus for Class 9</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-syllabus">CBSE Syllabus for Class 10</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-11-science-syllabus">CBSE Syllabus for Class 11 Science</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-11-commerce-syllabus">CBSE Syllabus for Class 11 Commerce</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-12-science-syllabus">CBSE Syllabus for Class 12 Science</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-12-commerce-syllabus">CBSE Syllabus for Class 12 Commerce</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <span>CBSE Fill in the Blanks</span> <ul class="top-space"> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-6-fib">CBSE Fill in the Blanks for Class 6</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-7-fib">CBSE Fill in the Blanks for Class 7</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-fib">CBSE Fill in the Blanks for Class 8</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-9-fib">CBSE Fill in the Blanks for Class 9</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-fib">CBSE Fill in the Blanks for Class 10</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <span>CBSE Important Questions</span> <ul class="top-space"> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-6-miq">CBSE Important Questions for Class 6</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-7-miq">CBSE Important Questions for Class 7</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-miq">CBSE Important Questions for Class 8</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-9-miq">CBSE Important Questions for Class 9</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-miq">CBSE Important Questions for Class 10</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-11-science-miq">CBSE Important Questions for Class 11 science</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-11-commerce-miq">CBSE Important Questions for Class 11 commerce</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-12-science-miq">CBSE Important Questions for Class 12 science</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-12-commerce-miq">CBSE Important Questions for Class 12 commerce</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <span>CBSE Subjective Questions</span> <ul class="top-space"> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-6-saq">CBSE Subjective Questions for Class 6</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-7-saq">CBSE Subjective Questions for Class 7</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-saq">CBSE Subjective Questions for Class 8</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-9-saq">CBSE Subjective Questions for Class 9</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-saq">CBSE Subjective Questions for Class 10</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-11-science-saq">CBSE Subjective Questions for Class 11 science</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-11-commerce-saq">CBSE Subjective Questions for Class 11 commerce</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-12-science-saq">CBSE Subjective Questions for Class 12 science</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-12-commerce-saq">CBSE Subjective Questions for Class 12 commerce</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <span>CBSE Practice Test</span> <ul class="top-space"> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-6-practice-test">CBSE Practice Test for Class 6</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-7-practice-test">CBSE Practice Test for Class 7</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-practice-test">CBSE Practice Test for Class 8</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-9-practice-test">CBSE Practice Test for Class 9</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-practice-test">CBSE Practice Test for Class 10</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-11-science-practice-test">CBSE Practice Test for Class 11 science</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-11-commerce-practice-test">CBSE Practice Test for Class 11 commerce</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-12-science-practice-test">CBSE Practice Test for Class 12 science</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-12-commerce-practice-test">CBSE Practice Test for Class 12 commerce</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse">ICSE</a> <ul class="innermenu top-space"> <li > <span>ICSE Sample Papers</span> <ul class="top-space"> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-6-sample-papers">ICSE Sample Papers for Class 6</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-7-sample-papers">ICSE Sample Papers for Class 7</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-8-sample-papers">ICSE Sample Papers for Class 8</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-9-sample-papers">ICSE Sample Papers for Class 9</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-10-sample-papers">ICSE Sample Papers for Class 10</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <span>ICSE Video Lessons</span> <ul class="top-space"> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-6-videos">ICSE Video Lessons for Class 6</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-7-videos">ICSE Video Lessons for Class 7</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-8-videos">ICSE Video Lessons for Class 8</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-9-videos">ICSE Video Lessons for Class 9</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-10-videos">ICSE Video Lessons for Class 10</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <span>ICSE Revision Notes</span> <ul class="top-space"> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-6-revision-notes">ICSE Class 6 Revision Notes</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-7-revision-notes">ICSE Class 7 Revision Notes</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-8-revision-notes">ICSE Class 8 Revision Notes</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-9-revision-notes">ICSE Class 9 Revision Notes</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-10-revision-notes">ICSE Class 10 Revision Notes</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <span>ICSE Syllabus</span> <ul class="top-space"> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-6-syllabus">ICSE Syllabus for Class 6</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-7-syllabus">ICSE Syllabus for Class 7</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-8-syllabus">ICSE Syllabus for Class 8</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-9-syllabus">ICSE Syllabus for Class 9</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-10-syllabus">ICSE Syllabus for Class 10</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <span>ICSE Important Questions</span> <ul class="top-space"> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-6-miq">ICSE Important Questions for Class 6</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-7-miq">ICSE Important Questions for Class 7</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-8-miq">ICSE Important Questions for Class 8</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-9-miq">ICSE Important Questions for Class 9</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-10-miq">ICSE Important Questions for Class 10</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <span>ICSE MCQs</span> <ul class="top-space"> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-6-mcq">ICSE MCQs for Class 6</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-7-mcq">ICSE MCQs for Class 7</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-8-mcq">ICSE MCQs for Class 8</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-9-mcq">ICSE MCQs for Class 9</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-10-mcq">ICSE MCQs for Class 10</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <span>ICSE True or False</span> <ul class="top-space"> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-6-tnf">ICSE True or False for Class 6</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-7-tnf">ICSE True or False for Class 7</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-8-tnf">ICSE True or False for Class 8</a> </li> <li 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href="https://www.topperlearning.com/jee/mock-test">JEE Main Mock Test</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/jee/videos">JEE Main Video Lessons</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/jee/main-previous-year-papers">JEE Main Previous Year Question Papers</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/jee/webinar">JEE Main Webinar</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/jee/main-syllabus">JEE Main Syllabus</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/jee/advanced-syllabus">JEE Advanced Syllabus</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/neet">NEET</a> <ul class="innermenu top-space"> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/neet/diagnostic-test">NEET Diagnostic Test</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/neet/mock-test">NEET Mock Test</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a 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The study material is developed by a skilled and experienced team of subject experts who specialise in simplifying the concepts for students. Class 8th Maths NCERT solutions have a detailed stepwise approach accompanied by conceptual insights and repetitive mention of formulae to ensure a solid base for the <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-mathematics/mathematics-viii">CBSE syllabus for Class 8 Maths.</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;">CBSE Class 8 Maths solutions involves chapters like square and square roots, cube and cube roots, algebraic expressions, practical geometry, mensuration, factorisation, etc. that require developed logical and analytical skills. Students require rigorous practise to master every topic from the CBSE syllabus for Class 8 Maths. Having CBSE Class 8 Maths textbook solutions handy will accelerate the learning process. Refer to Class 8 Maths solutions to check your answers and understand ways to write stepwise solutions to problems from the CBSE syllabus for Class 8 Maths.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">TopperLearning’s study material includes Class 8th Maths NCERT solutions and <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-mathematics/mathematics-viii">videos, CBSE sample papers Class 8, revision notes, most important questions</a>, and <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-mathematics/mathematics-viii">subjective and objective questions.</a> CBSE Class 8 syllabus notes are designed to be easily comprehensible so that students can refer to them at any hour. Updated CBSE guidelines have been followed by our academic team assuring complete success to the students. These CBSE Class 8 Maths notes help a student in scoring full marks in their examination.  Class 8 Maths solutions ensure that a student adopts the right approach to study, even in the higher grades and numerous competitive exams.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Learn Class 8<sup>th</sup> Maths NCERT solutions with one of India’s leading educational brands and cash in your success in every exam. So kickstart your preparation and ace CBSE online Class 8 marking your path to success.</p></div> </div> <button onclick="readMore(this, 'readMore3')" class="rm-btn">Read more +</button> </div> <div class="selbox-wrap pb20"> <select onchange="location=this.value"> <option value="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-maths">Select Subject</option> <option value="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-english" >English</option> <option value="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-hindi" >Hindi</option> <option value="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-maths" selected="selected" >Maths</option> <option value="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-science" >Science</option> <option value="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-history" >History</option> <option value="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-civics" >Civics</option> <option value="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-geography" >Geography</option> </select> </div> <script> if(showAds){ googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.defineSlot('/1039154/TOPLRN_ENG_DESKTOP/TOPLRN_ENG_NCERT_SOLUTIONS/TOPLRN_ENG_NCERT_SOLUTIONS_AS/TOPLRN_ENG_ROS_NCERT_AS_BTF_728', [[970,250],[970,200],[970,90],[728,90]], '67bb1ddac5e94') .setCollapseEmptyDiv(true) .addService(googletag.pubads()); }); } </script> <div class="max-container ad-banner" style=""> <div id="67bb1ddac5e94"> <script> if(showAds){ googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('67bb1ddac5e94'); }); } </script> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section class="bg-gray pad30"> <div class="max-container"> <h2 class="section-title">Chapter-wise list of NCERT solution for Class 8 Maths</h2> <div class="list-wrap pad30"> <ul> <li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-maths/mathematics-viii/rational-numbers"><span>Chapter 1 - Rational Numbers</span> <i class="bg-blue-arrow"><svg height="24px" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="24px" fill="#fff"><path d="M0 0h24v24H0V0z" fill="none"></path><path d="M8.59 16.59L13.17 12 8.59 7.41 10 6l6 6-6 6-1.41-1.41z"></path></svg></i></a></li> <li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-maths/mathematics-viii/linear-equations-in-one-variable"><span>Chapter 2 - Linear Equations in One Variable</span> <i class="bg-blue-arrow"><svg height="24px" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="24px" fill="#fff"><path d="M0 0h24v24H0V0z" fill="none"></path><path d="M8.59 16.59L13.17 12 8.59 7.41 10 6l6 6-6 6-1.41-1.41z"></path></svg></i></a></li> <li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-maths/mathematics-viii/understanding-quadrilaterals"><span>Chapter 3 - Understanding Quadrilaterals</span> <i class="bg-blue-arrow"><svg height="24px" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="24px" fill="#fff"><path d="M0 0h24v24H0V0z" fill="none"></path><path d="M8.59 16.59L13.17 12 8.59 7.41 10 6l6 6-6 6-1.41-1.41z"></path></svg></i></a></li> <li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-maths/mathematics-viii/data-handling"><span>Chapter 4 - Data Handling</span> <i class="bg-blue-arrow"><svg height="24px" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="24px" fill="#fff"><path d="M0 0h24v24H0V0z" fill="none"></path><path d="M8.59 16.59L13.17 12 8.59 7.41 10 6l6 6-6 6-1.41-1.41z"></path></svg></i></a></li> <li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-maths/mathematics-viii/squares-and-square-roots"><span>Chapter 5 - Squares and Square Roots</span> <i class="bg-blue-arrow"><svg height="24px" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="24px" fill="#fff"><path d="M0 0h24v24H0V0z" fill="none"></path><path d="M8.59 16.59L13.17 12 8.59 7.41 10 6l6 6-6 6-1.41-1.41z"></path></svg></i></a></li> <li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-maths/mathematics-viii/cubes-and-cube-roots"><span>Chapter 6 - Cubes and Cube Roots</span> <i class="bg-blue-arrow"><svg height="24px" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="24px" fill="#fff"><path d="M0 0h24v24H0V0z" fill="none"></path><path d="M8.59 16.59L13.17 12 8.59 7.41 10 6l6 6-6 6-1.41-1.41z"></path></svg></i></a></li> <li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-maths/mathematics-viii/comparing-quantities"><span>Chapter 7 - Comparing Quantities</span> <i class="bg-blue-arrow"><svg height="24px" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="24px" fill="#fff"><path d="M0 0h24v24H0V0z" fill="none"></path><path d="M8.59 16.59L13.17 12 8.59 7.41 10 6l6 6-6 6-1.41-1.41z"></path></svg></i></a></li> <li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-maths/mathematics-viii/algebraic-expressions-and-identities"><span>Chapter 8 - Algebraic Expressions and Identities</span> <i class="bg-blue-arrow"><svg height="24px" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="24px" fill="#fff"><path d="M0 0h24v24H0V0z" fill="none"></path><path d="M8.59 16.59L13.17 12 8.59 7.41 10 6l6 6-6 6-1.41-1.41z"></path></svg></i></a></li> <li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-maths/mathematics-viii/mensuration"><span>Chapter 9 - Mensuration</span> <i class="bg-blue-arrow"><svg height="24px" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="24px" fill="#fff"><path d="M0 0h24v24H0V0z" fill="none"></path><path d="M8.59 16.59L13.17 12 8.59 7.41 10 6l6 6-6 6-1.41-1.41z"></path></svg></i></a></li> <li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-maths/mathematics-viii/exponents-and-powers"><span>Chapter 10 - Exponents and Powers</span> <i class="bg-blue-arrow"><svg height="24px" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="24px" fill="#fff"><path d="M0 0h24v24H0V0z" fill="none"></path><path d="M8.59 16.59L13.17 12 8.59 7.41 10 6l6 6-6 6-1.41-1.41z"></path></svg></i></a></li> <li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-maths/mathematics-viii/direct-and-indirect-proportions"><span>Chapter 11 - Direct and Indirect proportions</span> <i class="bg-blue-arrow"><svg height="24px" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="24px" fill="#fff"><path d="M0 0h24v24H0V0z" fill="none"></path><path d="M8.59 16.59L13.17 12 8.59 7.41 10 6l6 6-6 6-1.41-1.41z"></path></svg></i></a></li> <li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-maths/mathematics-viii/factorisation"><span>Chapter 12 - Factorisation</span> <i class="bg-blue-arrow"><svg height="24px" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="24px" fill="#fff"><path d="M0 0h24v24H0V0z" fill="none"></path><path d="M8.59 16.59L13.17 12 8.59 7.41 10 6l6 6-6 6-1.41-1.41z"></path></svg></i></a></li> <li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-maths/mathematics-viii/introduction-to-graphs"><span>Chapter 13 - Introduction to Graphs</span> <i class="bg-blue-arrow"><svg height="24px" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="24px" fill="#fff"><path d="M0 0h24v24H0V0z" fill="none"></path><path d="M8.59 16.59L13.17 12 8.59 7.41 10 6l6 6-6 6-1.41-1.41z"></path></svg></i></a></li> </ul> <div class="clear"></div> </div> </div> </section> <section class="spacer"> <div class="max-container"> <h2 class="section-title">NCERT Solutions for CBSE Class 8 Mathematics</h2> <div class="pgcont"> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-mathematics/mathematics-viii/rational-numbers">NCERT Solutions for CBSE Class 8 Mathematics Chapter 1 Rational Numbers</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Practise NCERT Solutions for CBSE Class 8 Mathematics Chapter 1 Rational Numbers at TopperLearning. Learn to find the reciprocal of a given number by understanding the multiplicative inverse. Revise how a number can be placed on a number line and how problems based on the properties of rational numbers can be solved.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">The numbers of the form <img class="Wirisformula" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/tinymce/integration/showimage.php?formula=8ef1c66123d1572f144b9c050cf6e65a.png" alt="begin mathsize 12px style straight p over straight q end style" align="middle" data-mathml="«math style=¨font-family:Verdana¨ xmlns=¨http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML¨»«mstyle mathsize=¨12px¨»«mfrac»«mi mathvariant=¨normal¨»p«/mi»«mi mathvariant=¨normal¨»q«/mi»«/mfrac»«/mstyle»«/math»" /> , where p and q are integers and q ≠ 0 are called rational numbers.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">For example <img class="Wirisformula" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/tinymce/integration/showimage.php?formula=4cd287951a674fdbc91dc5fd694b92bc.png" alt="begin mathsize 12px style fraction numerator negative 3 over denominator 5 end fraction comma fraction numerator 7 over denominator negative 11 end fraction comma fraction numerator negative 13 over denominator negative 213 end fraction.... etc end style" align="middle" data-mathml="«math style=¨font-family:Verdana¨ xmlns=¨http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML¨»«mstyle mathsize=¨12px¨»«mfrac»«mrow»«mo»-«/mo»«mn»3«/mn»«/mrow»«mn»5«/mn»«/mfrac»«mo»,«/mo»«mfrac»«mn»7«/mn»«mrow»«mo»-«/mo»«mn»11«/mn»«/mrow»«/mfrac»«mo»,«/mo»«mfrac»«mrow»«mo»-«/mo»«mn»13«/mn»«/mrow»«mrow»«mo»-«/mo»«mn»213«/mn»«/mrow»«/mfrac»«mo».«/mo»«mo».«/mo»«mo».«/mo»«mo».«/mo»«mi»etc«/mi»«/mstyle»«/math»" />.        </p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Rational numbers are</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">1. Closed under the operations of addition, subtraction and multiplication.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">2. Commutative under the operations addition and multiplication.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">3. Associative under the operations addition and multiplication.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">The number</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">1. 0 is the additive identity for rational numbers.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">2. 1 is the multiplicative identity for rational numbers.</p> <p>The additive inverse of the rational number  <img class="Wirisformula" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/tinymce/integration/showimage.php?formula=895dbf5e073ff87cda5db8495d20e555.png" alt="begin mathsize 12px style straight a over straight b end style" align="middle" data-mathml="«math style=¨font-family:Verdana¨ xmlns=¨http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML¨»«mstyle mathsize=¨12px¨»«mfrac»«mi mathvariant=¨normal¨»a«/mi»«mi mathvariant=¨normal¨»b«/mi»«/mfrac»«/mstyle»«/math»" /> is <img class="Wirisformula" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/tinymce/integration/showimage.php?formula=5e62bb9cff9a8ead5d1fbc9be0166205.png" alt="begin mathsize 12px style negative straight a over straight b end style" align="middle" data-mathml="«math style=¨font-family:Verdana¨ xmlns=¨http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML¨»«mstyle mathsize=¨12px¨»«mo»-«/mo»«mfrac»«mi mathvariant=¨normal¨»a«/mi»«mi mathvariant=¨normal¨»b«/mi»«/mfrac»«/mstyle»«/math»" /> and vice-versa.</p> <p>The reciprocal or multiplicative inverse of the rational number <img class="Wirisformula" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/tinymce/integration/showimage.php?formula=895dbf5e073ff87cda5db8495d20e555.png" alt="begin mathsize 12px style straight a over straight b end style" align="middle" data-mathml="«math style=¨font-family:Verdana¨ xmlns=¨http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML¨»«mstyle mathsize=¨12px¨»«mfrac»«mi mathvariant=¨normal¨»a«/mi»«mi mathvariant=¨normal¨»b«/mi»«/mfrac»«/mstyle»«/math»" /> is <img class="Wirisformula" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/tinymce/integration/showimage.php?formula=8344ef03ef00b31949b579efc811b01c.png" alt="begin mathsize 12px style straight c over straight d end style" align="middle" data-mathml="«math style=¨font-family:Verdana¨ xmlns=¨http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML¨»«mstyle mathsize=¨12px¨»«mfrac»«mi mathvariant=¨normal¨»c«/mi»«mi mathvariant=¨normal¨»d«/mi»«/mfrac»«/mstyle»«/math»" />, if <img class="Wirisformula" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/tinymce/integration/showimage.php?formula=b30714f4b2edad81789e47069be73758.png" alt="begin mathsize 12px style straight a over straight b cross times straight c over straight d equals 1. end style" align="middle" data-mathml="«math style=¨font-family:Verdana¨ xmlns=¨http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML¨»«mstyle mathsize=¨12px¨»«mfrac»«mi mathvariant=¨normal¨»a«/mi»«mi mathvariant=¨normal¨»b«/mi»«/mfrac»«mo»§#xD7;«/mo»«mfrac»«mi mathvariant=¨normal¨»c«/mi»«mi mathvariant=¨normal¨»d«/mi»«/mfrac»«mo»=«/mo»«mn»1«/mn»«mo».«/mo»«/mstyle»«/math»" />  .</p> <p>Multiplication is distributive over addition and subtraction of rational numbers. That is, for any three rational numbers a, b and c,</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">a ×(b + c) = a × b + a × c and a × (b - c) = a × b - a × c</p> <p>Rational numbers can be represented on a number line. Between any two given rational numbers there are countless rational numbers.</p> <p>This CBSE Class 8 Maths solutions covers rational numbers and basic problems related to rational numbers. Our subject experts have provided solutions to these problems. If you have doubts while practising the chapter solutions, post them on the ‘Ask a doubt’ section of our study portal. Our experts will respond through the platform and resolve your doubts at the earliest.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Chapter 1 - Rational Numbers Exercise Ex. 1.1</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Use the correct properties and perform operations on rational numbers. Students are advised to follow correct steps and avoid calculation mistakes. Refer to NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Mathematics on TopperLearning,  to check your answers once you have solved the exercise.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Chapter 1 - Rational Numbers Exercise Ex. 1.2</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Represent the rational numbers on the number line and also find the rational numbers existing between two rational numbers. This exercise builds concepts related to the number system. Analyse your answers by referring to CBSE Class 8 Maths textbook solutions. Remember, our doubt solver "Ask a doubt" is there to solve your doubts round the clock.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-mathematics/mathematics-viii/linear-equations-in-one-variable">NCERT Rational Numbers Class 8 Videos</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-mathematics/mathematics-viii/linear-equations-in-one-variable">NCERT Rational Numbers Class 8 Revision Notes</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-mathematics/mathematics-viii/linear-equations-in-one-variable">NCERT Rational Numbers Class 8 Most Important Questions</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-mathematics/mathematics-viii/linear-equations-in-one-variable">NCERT Rational Numbers Class 8 MCQ</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-mathematics/mathematics-viii/linear-equations-in-one-variable">NCERT Rational Numbers Class 8 Short Answer Questions</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;">List of Sub chapters</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-mathematics/mathematics-viii/linear-equations-in-one-variable">Class 8 Maths- Introduction To Rational Numbers</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-mathematics/mathematics-viii/linear-equations-in-one-variable">Class 8 Maths - Representation On Number Line</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-mathematics/mathematics-viii/linear-equations-in-one-variable">Class 8 Maths - Rational Numbers Between Rational Numbers</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-mathematics/mathematics-viii/linear-equations-in-one-variable">NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Maths Chapter 2 Linear Equations in One Variable</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Get the NCERT Solutions for CBSE Class 8 Maths Chapter 2 Linear Equations in One Variable on TopperLearning. Learn to solve equations with variables on both sides. Understand how to solve equations with numbers on one side or linear expressions on the other side.</p> <ol class="number-list"> <li>An equation is a statement of equality of two algebraic expressions involving one or more unknown quantities.<br /><br /></li> <li>An equation involving only a linear polynomial is called a linear equation. <br />For example: <img class="Wirisformula" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/tinymce/integration/showimage.php?formula=6399dee05b780397930c6fa68a8eb1b1.png" alt="begin mathsize 12px style fraction numerator 2 straight x over denominator 5 end fraction minus 4 equals 1 half comma fraction numerator 3 straight t over denominator 2 end fraction plus fraction numerator straight t minus 7 over denominator 3 end fraction equals 11. end style" align="middle" data-mathml="«math style=¨font-family:Verdana¨ xmlns=¨http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML¨»«mstyle mathsize=¨12px¨»«mfrac»«mrow»«mn»2«/mn»«mi mathvariant=¨normal¨»x«/mi»«/mrow»«mn»5«/mn»«/mfrac»«mo»-«/mo»«mn»4«/mn»«mo»=«/mo»«mfrac»«mn»1«/mn»«mn»2«/mn»«/mfrac»«mo»,«/mo»«mfrac»«mrow»«mn»3«/mn»«mi mathvariant=¨normal¨»t«/mi»«/mrow»«mn»2«/mn»«/mfrac»«mo»+«/mo»«mfrac»«mrow»«mi mathvariant=¨normal¨»t«/mi»«mo»-«/mo»«mn»7«/mn»«/mrow»«mn»3«/mn»«/mfrac»«mo»=«/mo»«mn»11«/mn»«mo».«/mo»«/mstyle»«/math»" /></li> <li>Any value of the variable which makes the equation a true statement is called the solution or root of the equation.<br />For example: - 2 is root of the equation 3x - 2 = -8.<br /><br /></li> <li>Any term of an equation may be taken to the other side with its sign changed, without affecting the equality. This process is called transposition.<br /><br /></li> <li>Without changing the equality, we may<br />i. add the same quantity to both sides of the equation.<br />ii. subtract the same quantity from both sides of the equation.<br />iii. multiply both sides of the equation by the same non-zero quantity.<br />iv. divide both sides of the equation by the same non-zero quantity.<br /><br /></li> <li>If <img class="Wirisformula" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/tinymce/integration/showimage.php?formula=94ae9e23b177bd6fe3141c45f7ab70a6.png" alt="begin mathsize 12px style fraction numerator ax plus straight b over denominator cx plus straight d end fraction equals straight p over straight q comma end style" align="middle" data-mathml="«math style=¨font-family:Verdana¨ xmlns=¨http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML¨»«mstyle mathsize=¨12px¨»«mfrac»«mrow»«mi»ax«/mi»«mo»+«/mo»«mi mathvariant=¨normal¨»b«/mi»«/mrow»«mrow»«mi»cx«/mi»«mo»+«/mo»«mi mathvariant=¨normal¨»d«/mi»«/mrow»«/mfrac»«mo»=«/mo»«mfrac»«mi mathvariant=¨normal¨»p«/mi»«mi mathvariant=¨normal¨»q«/mi»«/mfrac»«mo»,«/mo»«/mstyle»«/math»" />  , then q (ax + b) = p (cx + d)</li> </ol> <p style="text-align: justify;">This process is called cross multiplication.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Also, practise linear equation problems based on real situations by using our Class 8th Maths NCERT solutions. If the chapter concepts are still giving you a hard time, check our practice tests. Use our ‘Ask a doubt’ section on our study platform to get guidance and solutions to difficult doubts</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Chapter 2 - Linear Equations in One Variable Exercise Ex. 2.1</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Solve basic operations on equations with one unknown variable. These questions also involve rational number calculations as solved in NCERT Solutions for CBSE Class 8 Maths. Such questions are often asked for 1-2 marks in the final examination. Refer to weekly tests and CBSE Class 8 Maths CBSE online Class 8 paper for practice.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Chapter 2 - Linear Equations in One Variable Exercise Ex. 2.2</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Apply your knowledge of solving equations with one variable in a word problem. The step-wise approach for writing the solution can be understood properly with TopperLearning’s NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Maths.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Chapter 2 - Linear Equations in One Variable Exercise Ex. 2.3</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Deal with variable on both sides in an equation and find the correct answer with NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Maths. Check each step of the solutions and practise some more problems using the most important questions and weekly test.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Chapter 2 - Linear Equations in One Variable Exercise Ex. 2.4</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Apply your knowledge of solving a linear equation with a variable on both sides with NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Maths. Understand thoroughly what information is provided in the question and check each step of the calculation as given in our CBSE Class 8 Maths solution.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Chapter 2 - Linear Equations in One Variable Exercise Ex. 2.5</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Simplify and solve the given linear equations with NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Maths. The knowledge of concepts such as LCM and operation on fractions, from the previous grades, are useful here. Revise these concepts from the revision notes provided by TopperLearning’s CBSE Class 8 notes.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Chapter 2 - Linear Equations in One Variable Exercise Ex. 2.6</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">A mixed bag of problems based on simplification and summary questions challenge students in this exercise. TopperLearning provides a well-explained and detailed solution with its NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Maths. Practise more problems with the weekly tests and CBSE Class 8 sample paper 2020-21.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-mathematics/mathematics-viii/linear-equations-in-one-variable">NCERT Linear Equations in One Variable Class 8 Videos</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-mathematics/mathematics-viii/linear-equations-in-one-variable">NCERT Linear Equations in One Variable Class 8 Revision Notes</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-mathematics/mathematics-viii/linear-equations-in-one-variable">NCERT Linear Equations in One Variable Class 8 Most Important Questions</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-mathematics/mathematics-viii/linear-equations-in-one-variable">NCERT Linear Equations in One Variable Class 8 MCQ</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-mathematics/mathematics-viii/linear-equations-in-one-variable">NCERT Linear Equations in One Variable Class 8 Short Answer Questions</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;">List Of Sub Chapters</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-mathematics/mathematics-viii/linear-equations-in-one-variable">Class 8 Maths- Solving Linear Equations</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-mathematics/mathematics-viii/linear-equations-in-one-variable">Class 8 Maths - Application Of Linear Equations</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-mathematics/mathematics-viii/linear-equations-in-one-variable">NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Maths Chapter 3 Understanding Quadrilaterals</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Refer to TopperLearning’s NCERT Solutions for CBSE Class 8 Mathematics Chapter 3 Understanding Quadrilaterals to revise your textbook problems. Understand the properties of quadrilaterals. Learn about convex quadrilaterals and concave quadrilaterals with step-wise answers for textbook questions.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Practise NCERT questions based on parallelograms and polygons with our CBSE Class 8 textbook solutions. Use them to explore the problem-solving techniques in Maths and learn to study independently. With self-study, you will have the confidence to solve problems on your own in your exam.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Chapter 3 - Understanding Quadrilaterals Exercise Ex. 3.1</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Acquaint yourself with a special kind of polygon, Quadrilaterals, with NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Maths. Learn about their different properties about angles and sides. This exercise introduces and informs students about the basics of a quadrilateral.</p> <ol class="number-list"> <li>A plane figure formed by joining a number of points without lifting a pencil from the paper and without retracing any part of the figure is called a curve.</li> <li>A curve which does not cut itself is called an open curve.</li> <li>A curve which cuts itself is called a closed curve.</li> <li>A simple closed curve is a closed curve which does not pass through one point more than once.</li> <li>A simple closed curve made up of line segments is called a polygon.</li> <li>The line segments that constitute a polygon are known as its sides and their end points are known as the vertices of the polygon.</li> <li>Any two sides with a common end-point (vertex) are called the adjacent sides.</li> <li>The end points of the same side of a polygon are known as the adjacent vertices.</li> <li>The line segment obtained by joining vertices which are not adjacent are called the diagonals of the polygon.</li> <li>Number of diagonals in a polygon of n sides = <img class="Wirisformula" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/tinymce/integration/showimage.php?formula=5c783c403390d1e39fca02b7e64afd6f.png" alt="begin mathsize 12px style fraction numerator straight n left parenthesis straight n minus 3 right parenthesis over denominator 2 end fraction. end style" align="middle" data-mathml="«math style=¨font-family:Verdana¨ xmlns=¨http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML¨»«mstyle mathsize=¨12px¨»«mfrac»«mrow»«mi mathvariant=¨normal¨»n«/mi»«mo»(«/mo»«mi mathvariant=¨normal¨»n«/mi»«mo»-«/mo»«mn»3«/mn»«mo»)«/mo»«/mrow»«mn»2«/mn»«/mfrac»«mo».«/mo»«/mstyle»«/math»" /> </li> <li>A quadrilateral is a four sided polygon</li> <li>The sum of all the angles of a quadrilateral is 360<sup>o</sup>.</li> <li>If the line containing any side of the quadrilateral has the remaining vertices on the same side of it, then the quadrilateral is called a convex quadrilateral. </li> <li>In a convex quadrilateral the measure of each angle is less than 180<sup>o</sup>.</li> <li>The sum of the interior angles of a pentagon is 540<sup>o</sup></li> </ol> <p style="text-align: justify;">Chapter 3 - Understanding Quadrilaterals Exercise Ex. 3.2</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Apply the concept of Sum of the Measures of the Exterior Angles of a Polygon in this exercise with our NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Maths. These questions are popular in the objective category in CBSE Class 8 Maths.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Chapter 3 - Understanding Quadrilaterals Exercise Ex. 3.3</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Dive in deeper to understand different kinds of quadrilaterals and their properties with some unusual problems. There are some more questions for assessment available along with revision notes, and weekly tests in CBSE Class 8 sample papers 2020-21. In addition, the NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Maths provide detailed solution for every question.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Chapter 3 - Understanding Quadrilaterals Exercise Ex. 3.4</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Get to know more about rhombus, rectangle, and square in the final exercise of this chapter. Questions from this exercise have been asked in the subjective section of CBSE Class 8 sample paper 2020-21.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-videos/maths/understanding-quadrilaterals">NCERT Understanding Quadrilaterals Class 8 Videos</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-revision-notes/maths/understanding-quadrilaterals">NCERT Understanding Quadrilaterals Class 8 Revision Notes</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-miq/maths/understanding-quadrilaterals">NCERT Understanding Quadrilaterals Class 8 Most Important Questions</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-mcq/maths/understanding-quadrilaterals">NCERT Understanding Quadrilaterals Class 8 MCQ</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-saq/maths/understanding-quadrilaterals">NCERT Understanding Quadrilaterals Class 8 Short Answer Questions</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;">List Of Sub Chapters</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-mathematics/mathematics-viii/linear-equations-in-one-variable">Class 8 Maths- Polygons And Their Classification</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-mathematics/mathematics-viii/linear-equations-in-one-variable">Class 8 Maths - Quadrilaterals</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-maths/mathematics-viii/practical-geometry">Class 8 Maths - Properties Of Parallelograms</a></p> <p><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-mathematics/mathematics-viii/data-handling">NCERT Solutions for CBSE Class 8 Mathematics Chapter 4 Data Handling</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Understand your Maths chapter concepts with TopperLearning’s NCERT Solutions for CBSE Class 8 Maths Chapter 4 Data Handling. Practise making a frequency distribution table or a bar graph according to the given data in your textbook exercises. Our solutions will guide you in making tables or graphs to represent data correctly using data handling techniques.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">A collection of information is called the data. Data obtained in the original form is called a raw data.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">The systematic arrangement of data, either in ascending or in descending order, is called an arrayed data.      </p> <p style="text-align: justify;">The number of times a particular observation occurs is called its frequency.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">The difference between the highest and lowest values of the observations in a given data is called its range.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">When the number of observations is large, the data is usually organized into groups, called class intervals.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Pie chart represents data in relative quantities by using the area of sectors in the circle.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Central angle for a component =  <img class="Wirisformula" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/tinymce/integration/showimage.php?formula=cddb6d9c8663181de8da8917326371e8.png" alt="begin mathsize 12px style open parentheses fraction numerator value thin space of space the space component over denominator sum space of space the space values space of space all space componets end fraction cross times 360 close parentheses to the power of 0 end style" align="middle" data-mathml="«math style=¨font-family:Verdana¨ xmlns=¨http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML¨»«mstyle mathsize=¨12px¨»«msup»«mfenced»«mrow»«mfrac»«mrow»«mi»value«/mi»«mo»§#x2009;«/mo»«mi»of«/mi»«mo»§#xA0;«/mo»«mi»the«/mi»«mo»§#xA0;«/mo»«mi»component«/mi»«/mrow»«mrow»«mi»sum«/mi»«mo»§#xA0;«/mo»«mi»of«/mi»«mo»§#xA0;«/mo»«mi»the«/mi»«mo»§#xA0;«/mo»«mi»values«/mi»«mo»§#xA0;«/mo»«mi»of«/mi»«mo»§#xA0;«/mo»«mi»all«/mi»«mo»§#xA0;«/mo»«mi»componets«/mi»«/mrow»«/mfrac»«mo»§#xD7;«/mo»«mn»360«/mn»«/mrow»«/mfenced»«mn»0«/mn»«/msup»«/mstyle»«/math»" /></p> <p>Chapter 4 - Data Handling Exercise Ex. 4.1</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Grasp extensive knowledge about organising ungrouped data and also learn about bars that have a difference in this exercise. Tally your final answers with NCERT Solutions for CBSE Class 8 Maths and in case of doubt, get in touch instantly with our team of subject experts using the doubt solver “Ask a doubt”.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Chapter 4 - Data Handling Exercise Ex. 4.2</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Learn more about deducing answers from pictorial representation and check your solutions with NCERT Solutions for CBSE Class 8 Maths.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Chapter 4 - Data Handling Exercise Ex. 4.3</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">NCERT Solutions for CBSE Class 8 Maths provides you with all the solutions to questions from this exercise, where probability and data have been combined to challenge students. This helps students with Maths in the higher grades and competitive exams as well.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-videos/maths/data-handling">NCERT Data Handling Class 8 Videos</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-revision-notes/maths/data-handling">NCERT Data Handling Class 8 Revision Notes</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-miq/maths/data-handling">NCERT Data Handling Class 8 Most Important Questions</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-mcq/maths/data-handling">NCERT Data Handling Class 8 MCQ</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-saq/maths/data-handling">NCERT Data Handling Class 8 Short Answer Questions</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;">List Of Sub Chapters</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-maths/data-handling/frequency-distribution">Class 8 Maths- Frequency Distribution</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-maths/data-handling/pictographs">Class 8 Maths – Pictographs</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-maths/data-handling/pie-charts">Class 8 Maths - Pie Charts</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-maths/data-handling/bar-graphs-and-histograms">Class 8 Maths - Bar Graphs And Histograms</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-maths/data-handling/probability">Class 8 Maths – Probability</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-maths/mathematics-viii/squares-and-square-roots">NCERT Solutions for CBSE Class 8 Mathematics Chapter 5 Squares and Square Roots</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Practise NCERT Solutions for CBSE Class 8 Maths Chapter 5 Squares and Square Roots with our experts to get better at Maths. Learn to factorise the given numbers. Revise the correct problem-solving methods to use square roots for finding answers to application questions.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Finding square roots through different methods</p> <ol class="number-list"> <li>Repeated subtraction</li> <li>We stated above that the square of a number is the sum of first n odd natural numbers. So, square root of a square number can be obtained by subtracting the successive odd natural numbers starting from 1 till we get 0.</li> <li>Prime factorization</li> <li>Express the number as the product of prime numbers, group the common primes in a pair, take one prime from each pair and then multiply to get the square root.</li> <li>Division method</li> <li>This method can also be used to find the square root of a non-perfect square or decimal number. </li> </ol> <p>TopperLearning’s NCERT solutions will also guide you on how to make a number a perfect square by applying your CBSE Class 8 Maths syllabus concepts. For more practice, watch the video lessons, CBSE sample paper Class 8 and other self-learning materials available on our online education platform.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Chapter 5 - Squares and Square Roots Exercise Ex. 5.1</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">How do we find squares and square roots using patterns? Let us find it out with NCERT Solutions for CBSE Class 8 Maths.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Chapter 5 - Squares and Square Roots Exercise Ex. 5.2</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Find squares observing some more patterns and Pythagorean triplets as we provide you with  NCERT Solutions for CBSE Class 8 Maths. All your doubts will be solved by our Math experts on our doubt solver “Ask a doubt”.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Chapter 5 - Squares and Square Roots Exercise Ex. 5.3</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Enlighten yourself with different methods of finding square roots in this exercise and check your answers with NCERT Solutions for CBSE Class 8 Maths.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Chapter 5 - Squares and Square Roots Exercise Ex. 5.4</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Can we find square roots of numbers with decimal points? Have a problem with finding square roots? This topic can be best understood by watching our video solutions. Check your method and ask your queries on TopperLearning’s NCERT Solutions for CBSE Class 8 Maths. This chapter is all about calculations, hence it is advisable to take the weekly tests and refer CBSE Class 8 Maths sample papers for practice.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-videos/maths/squares-and-square-roots">NCERT quares and Square Roots Class 8 Videos</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-revision-notes/maths/squares-and-square-roots">NCERT quares and Square Roots Class 8 Revision Notes</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-miq/maths/squares-and-square-roots">NCERT quares and Square Roots Class 8 Most Important Questions</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-mcq/maths/squares-and-square-roots">NCERT quares and Square Roots  Class 8 MCQ</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-saq/maths/squares-and-square-roots">NCERT quares and Square Roots Class 8 Short Answer Questions</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;">List Of Sub Chapters</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-maths/squares-and-square-roots/properties-of-square-numbers">Class 8 Maths- Properties Of Square Numbers</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-maths/squares-and-square-roots/patterns-in-square-numbers">Class 8 Maths – Patterns In Square Numbers</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-maths/squares-and-square-roots/square-and-triangular-numbers">Class 8 Maths - Square And Triangular Numbers</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-maths/squares-and-square-roots/finding-square-root">Class 8 Maths - Finding Square Root</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-maths/squares-and-square-roots/estimating-square-roots">Class 8 Maths - Estimating Square Roots</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-maths/squares-and-square-roots/applications-of-squares-and-square-roots">Class 8 Maths - Applications Of Squares And Square Roots</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-maths/squares-and-square-roots/short-cut-methods-for-finding-squares">Class 8 Maths – Short Cut Methods For Finding Squares</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-maths/mathematics-viii/cubes-and-cube-roots">NCERT Solutions for CBSE Class 8 Mathematics Chapter 6 Cubes and Cube Roots </a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Study Maths by using NCERT Solutions for CBSE Class 8 Maths Chapter 6 Cube and Cube Roots on our trusted study portal. Learn how factorisation can be used to solve problems on finding the perfect cube. Understand how to calculate cube roots as per the given data in your textbook questions of the CBSE Class 8 syllabus.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Cube number </p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Cube of a number is obtained when it is multiplied by itself thrice.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">If ‘a’ is a number, then the cube of ‘a’ is a3 = a × a × a.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">A natural number n is a perfect cube if n can be expressed as m3, for some natural number m. The numbers 1, 8, 27 are perfect cubes.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">To find whether a number is a perfect cube or not:</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Express the number as the product of prime factors.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">If each factor appears three times in the prime factorization, the number is a perfect cube.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">If there are one or more factor(s) which do not appear 3 (or multiples of 3) times, the number is a non-perfect cube.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">64 = 4 × 4 × 4, is a perfect cube. 72 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 = 22 × 32, is not a perfect cube.</p> <p>TopperLearning’s NCERT textbook solutions for CBSE Class 8 Maths will help you a great deal during chapter revision. If you feel stuck while trying to solve a particular question, visit our ‘Ask a doubt’ section to look for solutions or to post a question related to your doubt.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Chapter 6 - Cubes and Cube Roots Exercise Ex. 6.1</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Solve this exercise and get introduced to cubes. The calculation part can be referred to from TopperLearning’s NCERT Solutions for CBSE Class 8 Maths. </p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Chapter 6 - Cubes and Cube Roots Exercise Ex. 6.2</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Learning various methods of finding the cube root of a number and quickly tally your solutions with NCERT Solutions for CBSE Class 8 Maths. These questions are scoring, hence go through some practise questions from TopperLearning’s study material and CBSE Class 8 Maths sample papers.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-videos/maths/cubes-and-cube-roots">NCERT Cubes and Cube Roots Class 8 Videos</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-revision-notes/maths/cubes-and-cube-roots">NCERT Cubes and Cube Roots Class 8 Revision Notes</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-miq/maths/cubes-and-cube-roots">NCERT Cubes and Cube Roots Class 8 Most Important Questions</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-mcq/maths/cubes-and-cube-roots">NCERT Cubes and Cube Roots Class 8 MCQ</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-saq/maths/cubes-and-cube-roots">NCERT Cubes and Cube Roots Class 8 Short Answer Questions</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;">List Of Sub Chapters</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-maths/cubes-and-cube-roots/perfect-cube">Class 8 Maths- Perfect Cube</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-maths/cubes-and-cube-roots/cube-numbers">Class 8 Maths – Cube Numbers</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-maths/cubes-and-cube-roots/cube-roots">Class 8 Maths - Cube Roots</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-mathematics/mathematics-viii/comparing-quantities">NCERT Solutions for CBSE Class 8 Mathematics Chapter 7 Comparing Quantities</a><span style="color: #0000ee;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;"> </span></span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;">How to compare the speed of a scooter with that of a cycle? What steps should you follow to calculate the selling price of an article? Get your answers by revising textbook problems using NCERT Solutions for CBSE Class 8 Mathematics Chapter 7 Comparing Quantities.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Ratio and percentage</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Ratio means comparing two quantities with each other.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Percentages are numerators of fractions with denominator 100. The symbol '%' is used for percent and it indicates multiplication with  <img class="Wirisformula" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/tinymce/integration/showimage.php?formula=c4a3e7863be82cb8d1992a08cf4c665f.png" alt="begin mathsize 11px style 1 over 100 end style" align="middle" data-mathml="«math style=¨font-family:Verdana¨ xmlns=¨http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML¨»«mstyle mathsize=¨11px¨»«mfrac»«mn»1«/mn»«mn»100«/mn»«/mfrac»«/mstyle»«/math»" /></p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Increase or decrease percentage</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Percentage increase/decrease =  <img class="Wirisformula" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/tinymce/integration/showimage.php?formula=ab78b8fd79ed567f8336a756117bbf38.png" alt="begin mathsize 12px style fraction numerator Amount space of space change over denominator Original space amount end fraction cross times 100 percent sign end style" align="middle" data-mathml="«math style=¨font-family:Verdana¨ xmlns=¨http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML¨»«mstyle mathsize=¨12px¨»«mfrac»«mrow»«mi»Amount«/mi»«mo»§#xA0;«/mo»«mi»of«/mi»«mo»§#xA0;«/mo»«mi»change«/mi»«/mrow»«mrow»«mi»Original«/mi»«mo»§#xA0;«/mo»«mi»amount«/mi»«/mrow»«/mfrac»«mo»§#xD7;«/mo»«mn»100«/mn»«mo»%«/mo»«/mstyle»«/math»" /></p> <p>Discount </p> <p style="text-align: justify;">In order to give a boost to the sales of an item or to clear the old stock, articles are sold at reduced prices. This reduction is given on the Marked Price (MP) of the article and is known as discount.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Discount = MP – SP</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Discount % =  <img class="Wirisformula" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/tinymce/integration/showimage.php?formula=8fb19e67de35db870c8b9e8191475529.png" alt="begin mathsize 12px style fraction numerator MP minus SP over denominator MP end fraction cross times 100 end style" align="middle" data-mathml="«math style=¨font-family:Verdana¨ xmlns=¨http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML¨»«mstyle mathsize=¨12px¨»«mfrac»«mrow»«mi»MP«/mi»«mo»-«/mo»«mi»SP«/mi»«/mrow»«mi»MP«/mi»«/mfrac»«mo»§#xD7;«/mo»«mn»100«/mn»«/mstyle»«/math»" /></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"> <img class="Wirisformula" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/tinymce/integration/showimage.php?formula=a7520c4cfaabef14651c632f2957eb3b.png" alt="begin mathsize 12px style straight S. straight P equals straight M. straight P. open parentheses fraction numerator 100 minus Discount space percent sign over denominator 100 end fraction close parentheses straight M. straight P. fraction numerator 100 cross times straight S. straight P space over denominator left parenthesis 100 minus Discount percent sign right parenthesis end fraction end style" align="middle" data-mathml="«math style=¨font-family:Verdana¨ xmlns=¨http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML¨»«mstyle mathsize=¨12px¨»«mi mathvariant=¨normal¨»S«/mi»«mo».«/mo»«mi mathvariant=¨normal¨»P«/mi»«mo»=«/mo»«mi mathvariant=¨normal¨»M«/mi»«mo».«/mo»«mi mathvariant=¨normal¨»P«/mi»«mo».«/mo»«mfenced»«mfrac»«mrow»«mn»100«/mn»«mo»-«/mo»«mi»Discount«/mi»«mo»§#xA0;«/mo»«mo»%«/mo»«/mrow»«mn»100«/mn»«/mfrac»«/mfenced»«mspace linebreak=¨newline¨/»«mi mathvariant=¨normal¨»M«/mi»«mo».«/mo»«mi mathvariant=¨normal¨»P«/mi»«mo».«/mo»«mfrac»«mrow»«mn»100«/mn»«mo»§#xD7;«/mo»«mi mathvariant=¨normal¨»S«/mi»«mo».«/mo»«mi mathvariant=¨normal¨»P«/mi»«mo»§#xA0;«/mo»«/mrow»«mrow»«mo»(«/mo»«mn»100«/mn»«mo»-«/mo»«mi»Discount«/mi»«mo»%«/mo»«mo»)«/mo»«/mrow»«/mfrac»«/mstyle»«/math»" /></p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Simple Interest</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">If the interest is calculated uniformly on the original principal, it is called the simple interest.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">If P, R, T stand for principal, rate and time respectively, and SI stands for simple interest, then</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"> <img class="Wirisformula" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/tinymce/integration/showimage.php?formula=53c97047694a8aa8583786db302da562.png" alt="begin mathsize 12px style SI equals fraction numerator straight P cross times straight R cross times straight T over denominator 100 end fraction end style" align="middle" data-mathml="«math style=¨font-family:Verdana¨ xmlns=¨http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML¨»«mstyle mathsize=¨12px¨»«mi»SI«/mi»«mo»=«/mo»«mfrac»«mrow»«mi mathvariant=¨normal¨»P«/mi»«mo»§#xD7;«/mo»«mi mathvariant=¨normal¨»R«/mi»«mo»§#xD7;«/mo»«mi mathvariant=¨normal¨»T«/mi»«/mrow»«mn»100«/mn»«/mfrac»«/mstyle»«/math»" /></p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Understand the CBSE Class 8 Maths chapter concepts such as Principal, Cost Price, Rate of Interest, Marked Price etc. with our NCERT solutions. To score high marks in Maths, you need conceptual clarity and sufficient practice. Explore TopperLearning’s CBSE sample paper Class 8, online practice tests etc. to prepare well and to score high marks in your exam.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Chapter 7 - Comparing Quantities Exercise Ex. 7.1</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Revise the concept of ratios and percentages by solving this exercise. Check CBSE Class 8 Maths Chapter 8 Exercise 8.1 Solution to compare your answers.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Chapter 7 - Comparing Quantities Exercise Ex. 7.2</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">You can familiarise yourself with CBSE Class 8 syllabus with the basic concept of computing increase and decrease in percentage and discounts. This exercise also focuses on understanding the real-life concept of Value added tax (VAT). An elaborate solution for every question of this exercise has been provided on TopperLearning’s NCERT Solutions for CBSE Class 8 Maths.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Chapter 7 - Comparing Quantities Exercise Ex. 7.3</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Find how to calculate Compound Interest and also read how the formula for compound interest was deduced. Solve the exercise and check CBSE Class 8 Maths Chapter 7 Exercise 7.3 Solution to compare your answers.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Questions based on this concept are often asked in competitive exams, hence, students must refer to R D Sharma solutions for more practice questions.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-videos/maths/comparing-quantities">NCERT Comparing Quantities Class 8 Videos</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-revision-notes/maths/comparing-quantities">NCERT Comparing Quantities Class 8 Revision Notes</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-miq/maths/comparing-quantities">NCERT Comparing Quantities Class 8 Most Important Questions</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-mcq/maths/comparing-quantities">NCERT Comparing Quantities Class 8 MCQ</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-saq/maths/comparing-quantities">NCERT Comparing Quantities Class 8 Short Answer Questions</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;">List Of Sub Chapters</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-maths/comparing-quantities/ratios-of-quantities">Class 8 Maths- Ratios Of Quantities</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-maths/comparing-quantities/percentages">Class 8 Maths – Percentages</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-maths/comparing-quantities/application-of-percentages">Class 8 Maths - Application Of Percentages</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-maths/comparing-quantities/discount">Class 8 Maths - Discount</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-maths/comparing-quantities/profit-and-loss">Class 8 Maths – Profit And Loss</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-maths/comparing-quantities/sales-tax">Class 8 Maths – Sales Tax</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-maths/comparing-quantities/compound-interest">Class 8 Maths – Compound Interest</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-maths/comparing-quantities/time-and-work">Class 8 Maths – Time And Work</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-mathematics/mathematics-viii/algebraic-expressions-and-identities">NCERT Solutions for CBSE Class 8 Mathematics Chapter 8 Algebraic Expressions and Identities</a><span style="color: #0000ee;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;"> </span></span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Get the model answers by some of the best Maths experts to revise textbook problems. Check TopperLearning’s NCERT Solutions for CBSE Class 8 Maths Chapter 8 Algebraic Expressions and Identities. Learn to find the sum of algebraic expressions in your textbook problems. Also, practise multiplication, division, and subtraction of algebraic expressions with our Maths support resources.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">What are constant and variable?</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Constant is a symbol that takes fixed numerical value which is represented by letters.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Variable is a symbol that takes various numerical values which is represented by letters. </p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Algebraic Expression</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">A combination of constants and variables connected by the operators +, -, Χ  and   is known as an algebraic expression.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Example: 15 x 2 – 9x + 4xy is an algebraic expression.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">What is an identity?</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">An identity is an equality, which is true for all values of variables in it.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">On the other hand, an equation is true only for certain values of the variables in it. An equation is not an identity.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Some standard and important identities:</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">(a + b)<sup>2</sup> = a<sup>2</sup>+2ab+b<sup>2</sup></p> <p style="text-align: justify;">(a – b)<sup>2</sup> = a<sup>2</sup> – 2ab + b<sup>2</sup></p> <p style="text-align: justify;">(a + b)(a – b) = a<sup>2</sup> – b<sup>2</sup></p> <p style="text-align: justify;">(x + a)(x + b) = x<sup>2</sup> + (a + b)x + ab</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Use of algebraic identities</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">The algebraic identities are useful in carrying out the square and products of algebraic expressions.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">They can also be used as an alternative method to calculate product of numbers.</p> <p>Revise the concept of identities and practise application of identities with our CBSE Class 8 Maths NCERT textbook solutions. All our Maths self-study resources are available online and can be used according to your revision schedule.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Chapter 8 - Algebraic Expressions and Identities Exercise Ex. 8.1</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Study about Terms, Factors and Coefficients for Monomials, Binomials and Polynomials in an Algebraic expression. This exercise also has questions on the Addition and Subtraction of Algebraic Expressions. Attempt these questions and refer to the solution sheet on TopperLearning’s NCERT Solutions for CBSE Class 8 Maths. More the practice, better the understanding. Attempt questions from the weekly test and most important questions from this chapter.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Chapter 8 - Algebraic Expressions and Identities Exercise Ex. 8.2</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">After understanding the addition and subtraction of algebraic expressions, let us learn about the Multiplication of Algebraic Expressions and check our solutions by referring to TopperLearning’s NCERT Solutions for CBSE Class 8 Maths.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Chapter 8 - Algebraic Expressions and Identities Exercise Ex. 8.3</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">The multiplications process for Algebraic Expressions have many aspects and hence is divided into sections in CBSE Class 8 Maths. Understand the process of Multiplying a Monomial by a Polynomial with TopperLearning’s NCERT Solutions for CBSE Class 8 Maths. Solving ehese problems gives an eighth-grader confidence to solve more complex problems.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Chapter 8 - Algebraic Expressions and Identities Exercise Ex. 8.4</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Let’s take a step ahead and grasp the process of multiplying a Polynomial by a Polynomial with TopperLearning’s NCERT Solutions for CBSE Class 8 Maths. Feel free to use our doubt solver “Ask a doubt” when you have doubts. Address your concerns by practicing more by using our video lectures, MCQs, and CBSE Class 8 Maths sample paper.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Chapter 8 - Algebraic Expressions and Identities Exercise Ex. 8.5</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Learn basic identities that are applicable to every grade after class 8. These identities are extremely important in CBSE Class 8 syllabus and are very often asked in exams. Solve every question from the exercise and take the tests to evaluate your knowledge. Refer to CBSE Class 8 Maths sample papers for better insight.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-videos/maths/algebraic-expressions-and-identities">NCERT Algebraic Expressions and Identities Class 8 Videos</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-revision-notes/maths/algebraic-expressions-and-identities">NCERT Algebraic Expressions and Identities Class 8 Revision Notes</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-miq/maths/algebraic-expressions-and-identities">NCERT Algebraic Expressions and Identities Class 8 Most Important Questions</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-mcq/maths/algebraic-expressions-and-identities">NCERT Algebraic Expressions and Identities Class 8 MCQ</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-saq/maths/algebraic-expressions-and-identities">NCERT Algebraic Expressions and Identities Class 8 Short Answer Questions</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;">List Of Sub Chapters</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-maths/algebraic-expressions-and-identities/introduction-to-algebraic-expressions">Class 8 Maths- Introduction To Algebraic Expressions</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-maths/algebraic-expressions-and-identities/addition-and-subtraction-of-algebraic-expressions">Class 8 Maths – Addition And Subtraction Of Algebraic Expressions</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-maths/algebraic-expressions-and-identities/multiplication-of-polynomials">Class 8 Maths - Multiplication Of Polynomials</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-maths/algebraic-expressions-and-identities/algebraic-identities">Class 8 Maths - Algebraic Identities</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-maths/algebraic-expressions-and-identities/expansion-using-algebraic-identities">Class 8 Maths – Expansion Using Algebraic Identities</a></p> <p><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-mathematics/mathematics-viii/mensuration">NCERT Solutions for CBSE Class 8 Mathematics Chapter 9 Mensuration</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;">How to calculate the perimeter of a square or a rectangle? How to compute the area of a pentagon? Learn by practicing the NCERT Solutions for CBSE Class 8 Maths Chapter 9 Mensuration with TopperLearning. When you practise the expert solutions, you will understand the ways to apply the techniques to find the area of real objects.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Area of a polygon (or field) can be calculated by suitably dividing it into triangle, rectangle, trapezium etc. Surface area of a solid is the sum of the areas of all its faces. Amount of region occupied by a solid is called its volume.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">For a cuboid of length l, breadth b and height h, we have:</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Volume of cuboid = (l   b   h) cubic units</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Total surface area of cuboid = (lb + bh + lh) sq units</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Lateral surface area of cuboid = {2(l + b)   h] sq units </p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Diagonal of cuboid =  <img class="Wirisformula" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/tinymce/integration/showimage.php?formula=8caa4ef51409387698a2372abea16f18.png" alt="begin mathsize 12px style square root of straight I squared plus straight b squared plus straight h squared end root end style" align="middle" data-mathml="«math style=¨font-family:Verdana¨ xmlns=¨http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML¨»«mstyle mathsize=¨12px¨»«msqrt»«msup»«mi mathvariant=¨normal¨»I«/mi»«mn»2«/mn»«/msup»«mo»+«/mo»«msup»«mi mathvariant=¨normal¨»b«/mi»«mn»2«/mn»«/msup»«mo»+«/mo»«msup»«mi mathvariant=¨normal¨»h«/mi»«mn»2«/mn»«/msup»«/msqrt»«/mstyle»«/math»" /> units</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Unit conversion:</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">1 cm<sup>3</sup> = 1 mL</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">1 L = 1000 cm<sup>3</sup></p> <p style="text-align: justify;">1 m<sup>3</sup> = 106 cm<sup>3</sup> = 1000 L</p> <p>With the CBSE Class 8 NCERT solutions for this Maths chapter, you can learn the way to find the surface area of cubes and cuboids too. For commonly asked chapter-specific questions and expert answers, visit the ‘Ask a doubt’ section on our study platform.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Chapter 9 - Mensuration Exercise Ex. 9.1</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Compute the area of rectangular fields and find the correct answer with CBSE Class 8 Maths textbook solution. These questions are asked in the subjective section. Refer to TopperLearning’s CBSE Class 8 Maths sample papers for more insight.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Chapter 9 - Mensuration Exercise Ex. 9.2</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Calculate the area of a trapezium and learn its application with TopperLearning’s CBSE Class 8 Maths textbook solutions. Use our doubt solver “Ask a doubt” if you have doubts. Clear your concerns by practising more using video lectures, MCQs, and TopperLearning’s CBSE Class 8 Maths sample papers.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Chapter 9 - Mensuration Exercise Ex. 9.3</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Discover the process of computing the area of general quadrilateral polygons and special quadrilaterals accompanied by  Surface Area of Cube, Cuboid and Cylinder with TopperLearning’s CBSE Class 8 Maths textbook solutions.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Chapter 9 - Mensuration Exercise Ex. 9.4</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">TopperLearning’s CBSE Class 8 Maths textbook solutions helps you with a step-wise solution for calculating the Volume of Cube, Cuboid and Cylinder. These questions are most important in terms of high order thinking skills.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-videos/maths/mensuration">NCERT Mensuration Class 8 Videos</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-revision-notes/maths/mensuration">NCERT Mensuration Class 8 Revision Notes</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-miq/maths/mensuration">NCERT Mensuration Class 8 Most Important Questions</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-mcq/maths/mensuration">NCERT Mensuration Class 8 MCQ</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-saq/maths/mensuration">NCERT Mensuration Class 8 Short Answer Questions</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;">List Of Sub Chapters</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-maths/mensuration/area-and-perimeter-of-quadrilaterals">Class 8 Maths- Area And Perimeter Of Quadrilaterals</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-maths/mensuration/area-of-polygonal-regions">Class 8 Maths – Area Of Polygonal Regions</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-maths/mensuration/perimeter-of-polygons">Class 8 Maths – Perimeter Of Polygons</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-maths/mensuration/surface-area-cubes-and-cuboids">Class 8 Maths – Surface Area: Cubes And Cuboids</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-maths/mensuration/volumes-cubes-and-cuboids">Class 8 Maths – Volumes: Cubes And Cuboids</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-maths/mensuration/surface-area-and-volume-of-cylinder">Class 8 Maths – Surface Area And Volume Of Cylinder</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-maths/mensuration/problems-on-mensuration">Class 8 Maths – Problems On Mensuration</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-maths/mathematics-viii/exponents-and-powers">NCERT Solutions for CBSE Class 8 Mathematics Chapter 10 Exponents and Powers</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Enhance your Maths skills with the support of TopperLearning’s NCERT Solutions for CBSE Class 8 Mathematics Chapter 10 Exponents and Powers. Study Maths at your own pace with expert answers for all your Maths textbook exercises. TopperLearning gives you free access to all these expert answers online 24/7.</p> <ol class="number-list"> <li>Large numbers can be written in shorter form using exponents.<br />For example: 1000 = 103<br />Here, 103 is called the exponential form of 1000.<br />10the number that is being multiplied) is called the base.<br />3 (number of times the same number is multiplied by itself) is called the power (or index or exponent) </li> <li>As the exponent increases by 1 the value becomes ten times the previous value.</li> <li>As the exponent decreases by 1 the value becomes <img class="Wirisformula" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/tinymce/integration/showimage.php?formula=45221e574cffd370830eedc8bb992626.png" alt="begin mathsize 12px style 1 over 10 th end style" align="middle" data-mathml="«math style=¨font-family:Verdana¨ xmlns=¨http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML¨»«mstyle mathsize=¨12px¨»«mfrac»«mn»1«/mn»«mn»10«/mn»«/mfrac»«mi»th«/mi»«/mstyle»«/math»" /> the previous value.</li> <li>For any non-zero integer ‘a’, <img class="Wirisformula" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/tinymce/integration/showimage.php?formula=ca2be0ad1f7eab2df3f96bdc8773f84a.png" alt="begin mathsize 12px style straight a to the power of negative straight m end exponent equals 1 over straight a to the power of straight m end style" align="middle" data-mathml="«math style=¨font-family:Verdana¨ xmlns=¨http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML¨»«mstyle mathsize=¨12px¨»«msup»«mi mathvariant=¨normal¨»a«/mi»«mrow»«mo»-«/mo»«mi mathvariant=¨normal¨»m«/mi»«/mrow»«/msup»«mo»=«/mo»«mfrac»«mn»1«/mn»«msup»«mi mathvariant=¨normal¨»a«/mi»«mi mathvariant=¨normal¨»m«/mi»«/msup»«/mfrac»«/mstyle»«/math»" /> , where m is a natural number.</li> <li>For a and b non-zero rational numbers, then  </li> <li>Laws of exponents: If 'a' and 'b' are rational numbers different from zero and if x, y are positive  integers, then<br />i. ax   ay = ax+y<br />ii. ax   ay = ax – y<br />iii. (ax)y = axy<br />iv. (ab)x = ax  bx<br />v. a0 = 1<br />vi. (-1)odd number = -1<br />vii. (-1) even number = 1</li> </ol> <p>Also, understand the laws of exponents and revise the problems based on powers with negative numbers. Our NCERT textbook solutions for CBSE Class 8 Maths have you covered. For complete self-study materials, you may also want to take a look at our video lessons, solved question papers, and more.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Chapter 10 - Exponents and Powers Exercise Ex. 10.1</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Revise and apply the laws of exponents on the given questions and compare your answers with TopperLearning’s CBSE Class 8 Maths textbook solutions.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Chapter 10 - Exponents and Powers Exercise Ex. 10.2</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Compare numbers with very high power with smaller numbers and simplify the solutions with TopperLearning’s CBSE Class 8 Maths solutions.  Such questions are asked in the MCQ category. Hence, it is wise to refer to some TopperLearning’s extra MCQs and CBSE sample papers Class 8 for practice.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-videos/maths/exponents-and-powers">NCERT Exponents and Powers Class 8 Videos</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-revision-notes/maths/exponents-and-powers">NCERT Exponents and Powers Class 8 Revision Notes</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-miq/maths/exponents-and-powers">NCERT Exponents and Powers Class 8 Most Important Questions</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-mcq/maths/exponents-and-powers">NCERT Exponents and Powers Class 8 MCQ</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-saq/maths/exponents-and-powers">NCERT Exponents and Powers Class 8 Short Answer Questions</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;">List Of Sub Chapters</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-maths/exponents-and-powers/exponent-notation">Class 8 Maths- Exponent Notation</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-maths/exponents-and-powers/numbers-in-standard-form">Class 8 Maths – Numbers In Standard Form</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-maths/mathematics-viii/direct-and-indirect-proportions">NCERT Solutions for CBSE Class 8 Mathematics Chapter 11 Direct and Inverse Proportions</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Revise concepts from the syllabus using TopperLearning’s NCERT Solutions for CBSE Class 8 Mathematics Chapter 11 Direct and Indirect Proportions. Learn to apply the concept of direct proportion to find answers in real-life scenarios such as whether a pigment and its base are in the right proportion.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Two quantities x and y are said to be in direct proportion if whenever the value of x increases (or decreases), then the value of y increases (or decreases) in such a way that the ratio  <img class="Wirisformula" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/tinymce/integration/showimage.php?formula=f2bfb5629f7c1fd4a5cd4694b939dc8d.png" alt="begin mathsize 12px style x over y end style" align="middle" data-mathml="«math style=¨font-family:Verdana¨ xmlns=¨http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML¨»«mstyle mathsize=¨12px¨»«mfrac»«mi»x«/mi»«mi»y«/mi»«/mfrac»«/mstyle»«/math»" /> remains constant.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Example: Work done is directly proportional to the number of men working on it.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Two quantities x and y are said to be indirect proportion if whenever the value of x increases (or decreases), then the value of y decreases (or increases) in such a way that xy remains constant.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Example: The time taken by any vehicle in covering a certain distance is inversely proportional to the speed of the car.</p> <p>Map is a miniature representation of a large regions. Hence we can say that scale of a map is based   on the concept of direct variation.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Suppose A can finish a piece of work in n days. Then, work done by A in 1 day = <img class="Wirisformula" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/tinymce/integration/showimage.php?formula=106c0d8d9ec845f9163759070cfc5ec8.png" alt="begin mathsize 12px style 1 over straight n end style" align="middle" data-mathml="«math style=¨font-family:Verdana¨ xmlns=¨http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML¨»«mstyle mathsize=¨12px¨»«mfrac»«mn»1«/mn»«mi mathvariant=¨normal¨»n«/mi»«/mfrac»«/mstyle»«/math»" /></p> <p style="text-align: justify;">When a person A completes <img class="Wirisformula" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/tinymce/integration/showimage.php?formula=a9ae2679dbdf2a9f2f403f8e699758f7.png" alt="begin mathsize 12px style open parentheses 1 over straight n close parentheses to the power of th end style" align="middle" data-mathml="«math style=¨font-family:Verdana¨ xmlns=¨http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML¨»«mstyle mathsize=¨12px¨»«msup»«mfenced»«mfrac»«mn»1«/mn»«mi mathvariant=¨normal¨»n«/mi»«/mfrac»«/mfenced»«mi»th«/mi»«/msup»«/mstyle»«/math»" /> part of the work in one day, then A will take n days to complete the work.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">In a cistern there are two pipes. The inlet is the pipe that fills the cistern and the outlet is the pipe that empties the cistern.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">When an inlet fills the cistern in ‘n’ hours, then it will fill up <img class="Wirisformula" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/tinymce/integration/showimage.php?formula=0e5587f307fd721530b44cf867b63ac3.png" alt="begin mathsize 12px style 1 over straight n th end style" align="middle" data-mathml="«math style=¨font-family:Verdana¨ xmlns=¨http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML¨»«mstyle mathsize=¨12px¨»«mfrac»«mn»1«/mn»«mi mathvariant=¨normal¨»n«/mi»«/mfrac»«mi»th«/mi»«/mstyle»«/math»" /> part of the cistern in one hour.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">When an outlet empties the cistern in ‘n’ hours, then it will empty out <img class="Wirisformula" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/tinymce/integration/showimage.php?formula=0e5587f307fd721530b44cf867b63ac3.png" alt="begin mathsize 12px style 1 over straight n th end style" align="middle" data-mathml="«math style=¨font-family:Verdana¨ xmlns=¨http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML¨»«mstyle mathsize=¨12px¨»«mfrac»«mn»1«/mn»«mi mathvariant=¨normal¨»n«/mi»«/mfrac»«mi»th«/mi»«/mstyle»«/math»" /> part of the cistern in one hour.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Multiplicative inverse of a number is called the reciprocal of a number.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">With TopperLearning’s NCERT textbook solutions, learn how to solve Maths problems based on inverse proportion. To improve your Maths skills and to get a high score in your exam, use our CBSE Class 8 Maths videos, online mock tests, practice question papers etc.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Chapter 11 - Direct and Indirect proportions Exercise Ex. 11.1</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Master the concept and application of Direct Proportion with TopperLearning’s elaborated study material comprising videos, MCQs, CBSE sample papers Class 8 and tests. Tally all your solutions with TopperLearning’s CBSE Class 8 Maths solutions.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Chapter 11 - Direct and Indirect proportions Exercise Ex. 11.2</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">CBSE Class 8 Maths textbook solution questions are asked in the subjective category for 3-4 marks. Hence, refer to TopperLearning’s extra questions and CBSE Class 8 sample papers 2020-21 for more practice.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-videos/maths/direct-and-inverse-proportions">NCERT Direct and Inverse Proportions Class 8 Videos</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-revision-notes/maths/direct-and-inverse-proportions">NCERT Direct and Inverse Proportions Class 8 Revision Notes</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-miq/maths/direct-and-inverse-proportions">NCERT Direct and Inverse Proportions Class 8 Most Important Questions</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-mcq/maths/direct-and-inverse-proportions">NCERT Direct and Inverse Proportions Class 8 MCQ</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-saq/maths/direct-and-inverse-proportions">NCERT Direct and Inverse Proportions Class 8 Short Answer Questions</a></p> <div> <p style="text-align: justify;">List Of Sub Chapters</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-maths/direct-and-inverse-proportions/direct-proportion">Class 8 Maths- Direct Proportion</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-maths/direct-and-inverse-proportions/inverse-proportion">Class 8 Maths – Inverse Proportion</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-maths/factorisation">NCERT Solutions for CBSE Class 8 Mathematics Chapter 12 Factorisation</a></p> </div> <p style="text-align: justify;">Study Maths at your convenience with TopperLearning’s NCERT Solutions for CBSE Class 8 Maths Chapter 12 Factorisation. Revise the lessons on the division of algebraic expressions by going through our chapter solutions from CBSE Class 8 syllabus. Get over your fear of the concept of factorisation by practising numerous textbook solutions given by our subject experts.</p> <ol class="number-list"> <li>Factorisation of an expression means writing it as a product of its factors. </li> <li>An irreducible factor is a factor which cannot be expressed further as a product of factors.</li> <li>Factorisation using common factor method:<br />Step 1: Find the factors of the individual terms of the given expression.<br />Step 2: Find out all the common factors between the terms involved.<br />(same as finding HCF of terms)<br />Step 3: This common factor would be one factor of the given expression. Other factor would be the expression obtained on dividing the given expression by common factor.</li> <li>Rearranging the given expression to a convenient form allows us to form groups leading to factorization. This is regrouping.</li> <li>Factorisation by regrouping terms<br />Step 1: Arrange the terms of the given expression in groups in such a way that all the groups have a common factor.<br />Step 2: Factorise each group.<br />Step 3: Take out the factor which is common to all such groups.</li> <li>Factorisation using following identities:<br />i. a<sup>2</sup> + b<sup>2</sup> + 2ab = (a + b)<sup>2</sup><br />ii. a<sup>2</sup> + b<sup>2</sup> - 2ab = (a - b)<sup>2</sup><br />iii. a<sup>2</sup> - b<sup>2</sup> = (a + b)(a - b)<br />iv. x<sup>2</sup> + (a + b)x + ab = (x + a)(x + b)</li> </ol> <p style="text-align: justify;">Method: Express the give expression as the LHS of the identities given above by choosing suitable values of a and b. Using identities, factorise the expression as RHS.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Our study portal supports you during your exams with easy access to chapter-wise CBSE Class 8 Maths NCERT solutions any time of the day, any day of the week. So, revise your Maths chapters and be ready to excel in your exam.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Chapter 12 - Factorisation Exercise Ex. 12.1</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Gain knowledge about yet another concept in CBSE Class 8 Maths that has vast applications in the higher grades. Solve problems and check your answers with TopperLearning’s CBSE Class 8 Maths textbook solutions on finding common factor and factorisation of a polynomial.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Chapter 12 - Factorisation Exercise Ex. 12.2</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Factorise using identities and get the perfect solution with TopperLearning’s CBSE Class 8 Maths textbook solutions.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Chapter 12 - Factorisation Exercise Ex. 12.3</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Earlier, we focused on the Multiplication of Algebraic expressions. Here, we shall look at the concept of Division of Algebraic Expressions with steps. TopperLearning’s CBSE Class 8 Maths solutions come in handy as they are detailed.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Chapter 12 - Factorisation Exercise Ex. 12.4</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Evaluate your knowledge by spotting errors in the given questions and get a simplified output that can be checked thoroughly with TopperLearning’s CBSE Class 8 Maths solution. Gain a proper insight into the most important questions and go through TopperLearning’s CBSE Class 8 sample papers 2020-21.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-videos/maths/factorisation">NCERT Factorisation Class 8 Videos</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-revision-notes/maths/factorisation">NCERT Factorisation Class 8 Revision Notes</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-miq/maths/factorisation">NCERT Factorisation Class 8 Most Important Questions</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-mcq/maths/factorisation">NCERT Factorisation Class 8 MCQ</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-saq/maths/factorisation">NCERT Factorisation Class 8 Short Answer Questions</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;">List Of Sub Chapters</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-maths/factorisation/introduction-to-factorisation">Class 8 Maths- Introduction to Factorisation</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-maths/factorisation/factorisation-using-identities">Class 8 Maths – Factorisation Using Identities</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-maths/factorisation/division-of-polynomials">Class 8 Maths – Division of Polynomials</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-maths/introduction-to-graphs">NCERT Solutions for CBSE Class 8 Mathematics Chapter 13 Introduction to Graphs</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;">TopperLearning’s detailed NCERT Solutions for CBSE Class 8 Maths Chapter 13 Introduction to Graphs can help you revise this chapter. Practise with our solutions and understand the correct way to plot graphs based on the given data. Observe how data can be represented on the X-axis and the Y-axis of a graph.</p> <ol class="number-list"> <li>A bar graph is used to show comparison among categories.</li> <li>A pie graph is used to compare parts of a whole.</li> <li>A Histogram is a bar graph that shows data in intervals.</li> <li>A line graph displays data that changes continuously over periods of time.</li> <li>Two perpendicular number lines intersecting at point zero are called coordinate axes.</li> <li>The point of intersection of x-axis and y-axis is called origin and is denoted by ‘O’.</li> <li>The distance of a point from y-axis is called its x-coordinate and the distance of a point from x-axis is called its y-coordinate.</li> <li>The two coordinates x and y taken together for a point P constitutes an ordered pair P(x,y).</li> <li>The positions of the coordinates cannot be interchanged. Therefore P(x,y)≠Q(y,x), if x≠y.</li> <li>The x- coordinate of every point on y-axis is zero and the y-coordinate of every point on x-axis is zero.</li> <li>The x-coordinate of every point on the line parallel to y-axis is constant while y-coordinate of every point on the line parallel to x-axis is constant.</li> <li>A line graph which is a whole unbroken line is called a linear graph.</li> <li>Two quantities which vary directly can be plotted as a linear graph. Independent variable is generally taken on x axis the dependent variable is taken on y axis.</li> <li>Steps to draw a graph:<br />i. Find out the relation between y and x.<br />ii. Calculate different values of y corresponding to the values of x.<br />iii. Tabulate the results.<br />iv. Plot the points.<br />v. join the points to obtain the graph.</li> </ol> <p style="text-align: justify;">Revise how to construct linear graphs with our Class 8th Maths NCERT solutions. If you have any doubts related to the application of graphs, you can visit the ‘Ask a doubt’ section of our learning platform. Our experts resolve all doubts posted by students through this platform.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Chapter 13 - Introduction to Graphs Exercise Ex. 13.1</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Learn how to use a bar graph to represent information and also to answer a question based on the graph. Every solution in TopperLearning’s CBSE Class 8 Maths textbook solutions is explained in detail.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Chapter 13 - Introduction to Graphs Exercise Ex. 13.2</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Plot points on a graph and find answers to related to questions. Such questions are often asked in the objective section. Which you can refer to in TopperLearning’s CBSE Class 8 sample papers 2020-21. The CBSE Class 8 Maths solutions assist you when you want to check your methods of solving a problem.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Chapter 13 - Introduction to Graphs Exercise Ex. 13.3</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Perform operations and present information on a linear graph and find answers to related questions. TopperLearning’s CBSE Class 8 Maths textbook solutions assist you with ideal solutions.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-videos/maths/introduction-to-graphs">NCERT Introduction to Graphs Class 8 Videos</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-revision-notes/maths/introduction-to-graphs">NCERT Introduction to Graphs Class 8 Revision Notes</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-miq/maths/introduction-to-graphs">NCERT Introduction to Graphs Class 8 Most Important Questions</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-mcq/maths/introduction-to-graphs">NCERT Introduction to Graphs Class 8 MCQ</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-saq/maths/introduction-to-graphs">NCERT Introduction to Graphs Class 8 Short Answer Questions</a></p> <div> <p style="text-align: justify;">List Of Sub Chapters</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-maths/introduction-to-graphs/introduction-to-coordinate-system">Class 8 Maths- Introduction To Coordinate System</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-maths/introduction-to-graphs/plotting-linear-graphs">Class 8 Maths – Plotting Linear Graphs</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-maths/introduction-to-graphs/some-common-linear-graphs">Class 8 Maths – Some Common Linear Graphs</a></p> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section class="pad30 bg-gray textbook-soln"> <div class="max-container"> <h2 class="section-title">NCERT Textbook Solutions</h2> <div class="list-wrap pad20"> <ul> <li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-english"><em><img loading="lazy" src="https://www.topperlearning.com/assets/v1/images/english.svg" alt="Maths" title="Maths" width="40" height="40"></em><span>English</span> <i class="bg-arrow bg-english"><svg height="28px" viewBox="0 0 22 22" width="28px" fill="#fff"><path d="M0 0h24v24H0V0z" fill="none"></path><path d="M8.59 16.59L13.17 12 8.59 7.41 10 6l6 6-6 6-1.41-1.41z"></path></svg></i></a></li> <li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-hindi"><em><img loading="lazy" src="https://www.topperlearning.com/assets/v1/images/hindi.svg" alt="Maths" title="Maths" width="40" height="40"></em><span>Hindi</span> <i class="bg-arrow bg-hindi"><svg height="28px" viewBox="0 0 22 22" width="28px" fill="#fff"><path d="M0 0h24v24H0V0z" fill="none"></path><path d="M8.59 16.59L13.17 12 8.59 7.41 10 6l6 6-6 6-1.41-1.41z"></path></svg></i></a></li> <li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-science"><em><img loading="lazy" src="https://www.topperlearning.com/assets/v1/images/science.svg" alt="Maths" title="Maths" width="40" height="40"></em><span>Science</span> <i class="bg-arrow bg-science"><svg height="28px" viewBox="0 0 22 22" width="28px" fill="#fff"><path d="M0 0h24v24H0V0z" fill="none"></path><path d="M8.59 16.59L13.17 12 8.59 7.41 10 6l6 6-6 6-1.41-1.41z"></path></svg></i></a></li> <li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-history"><em><img loading="lazy" src="https://www.topperlearning.com/assets/v1/images/history.svg" alt="Maths" title="Maths" width="40" height="40"></em><span>History</span> <i class="bg-arrow bg-history"><svg height="28px" viewBox="0 0 22 22" width="28px" fill="#fff"><path d="M0 0h24v24H0V0z" fill="none"></path><path d="M8.59 16.59L13.17 12 8.59 7.41 10 6l6 6-6 6-1.41-1.41z"></path></svg></i></a></li> <li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-civics"><em><img loading="lazy" src="https://www.topperlearning.com/assets/v1/images/civics.svg" alt="Maths" title="Maths" width="40" height="40"></em><span>Civics</span> <i class="bg-arrow bg-civics"><svg height="28px" viewBox="0 0 22 22" width="28px" fill="#fff"><path d="M0 0h24v24H0V0z" fill="none"></path><path d="M8.59 16.59L13.17 12 8.59 7.41 10 6l6 6-6 6-1.41-1.41z"></path></svg></i></a></li> <li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-geography"><em><img loading="lazy" src="https://www.topperlearning.com/assets/v1/images/geography.svg" alt="Maths" title="Maths" width="40" height="40"></em><span>Geography</span> <i class="bg-arrow bg-geography"><svg height="28px" viewBox="0 0 22 22" width="28px" fill="#fff"><path d="M0 0h24v24H0V0z" fill="none"></path><path d="M8.59 16.59L13.17 12 8.59 7.41 10 6l6 6-6 6-1.41-1.41z"></path></svg></i></a></li> </ul> <div class="clear"></div> </div> </div> </section>  <section class="abt--tl-sec"> <div class="max-container"> <h2 class="section-title">Benefits of NCERT Solutions Class 8 Maths</h2> <div class="abt-desc wdauto"> <p style="text-align: justify;">Studying Maths takes a lot of practice. Class 8th Maths NCERT solutions helps you to revise concepts such as linear equations, cube roots, square roots, and more. These concepts are the foundation of advanced concepts in higher classes. Also, the knowledge of your Class 8 Maths concepts supports your preparation for competitive exams such as JEE, NEET etc. Our NCERT solutions are available for free and are a reliable reference material to study the concepts as well as the application of concepts as per the most recent NCERT syllabus for Class 8 Maths.</p> </div> <h2 class="section-title">Why should I get TopperLearning NCERT Solutions for Class 8?</h2> <div class="abt-desc wdauto"> <p style="text-align: justify;">TopperLearning’s solutions are utilised by many students so that they don’t to waste time looking for accurate answers online to the exercise questions from the Class 8 Maths textbook. Through TopperLearning’s NCERT Maths textbook solutions for Class 8, you can improve your problem-solving techniques and score good marks. Our Maths experts support your learning by giving more details about the NCERT Class 8 Maths book concepts and on the methods used to solve Maths problems through precise concept notes. If you find a question to be difficult, practise the solution for that problem several times till you have understood it. If you still have any doubts, you can seek support from our Maths experts on our portal.</p> </div> </div> </section>   <section class="faq-section bg-gray"> <div class="max-container"> <h2 class="section-title">CBSE Class 8 Maths Frequently Asked Questions</h2> <div class="accordions"> <div class="abt-desc wdauto faq-content"> <div class="accordion"> <input type="checkbox" id="rd1" name="rd"> <label class="accordion-label" for="rd1"> Where can I find free NCERT solutions for Class 8 Maths? </label> <div class="accordion-content"><p style="text-align: justify;">TopperLearning provides free online solutions for exercise questions from your NCERT Class 8 Maths textbook. You can find them under ‘textbook solutions’ in the Class 8 resources section of our study portal.</p> </div> </div> <div class="accordion"> <input type="checkbox" id="rd2" name="rd"> <label class="accordion-label" for="rd2"> Which chapters from Maths Class 8 NCERT are present on TopperLearning? </label> <div class="accordion-content"><p style="text-align: justify;">Solutions for all 16 chapters from the Maths NCERT Class 8 textbook covering topics such as rational numbers, factorisation, practical geometry etc. are available on TopperLearning.</p> </div> </div> <div class="accordion"> <input type="checkbox" id="rd3" name="rd"> <label class="accordion-label" for="rd3"> Will the NCERT Maths book Class 8 solutions are enough for me to score high marks? </label> <div class="accordion-content"><p style="text-align: justify;">NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Maths are a great resource for revision. However, for scoring high marks, you should practise more Maths problems by attempting CBSE sample paper Class 8 and previous years’ question papers.</p> </div> </div> <div class="accordion"> <input type="checkbox" id="rd4" name="rd"> <label class="accordion-label" for="rd4"> I don’t know which chapter to start during revision. What should I do? </label> <div class="accordion-content"><p style="text-align: justify;">First of all, download the latest CBSE NCERT syllabus for Class 8 Maths. Decide whether you want to revise specific chapters or topics from the entire syllabus. Based on your decision, plan your schedule for revising one chapter at a time.</p> </div> </div> <div class="accordion"> <input type="checkbox" id="rd5" name="rd"> <label class="accordion-label" for="rd5"> How to prepare for Class 8 Maths exams? </label> <div class="accordion-content"><p>For Maths preparation tips, you can read our blog on how to prepare for CBSE Class 8 Maths here.</p> </div> </div> <div class="accordion"> <input type="checkbox" id="rd6" name="rd"> <label class="accordion-label" for="rd6"> Is the CBSE Class 8 syllabus reduced? </label> <div class="accordion-content"><p style="text-align: justify;">No, it was reduced in 2020. The deleted syllabus of CBSE Class 8 is now included in the syllabus and you can find solutions for the deleted syllabus of CBSE Class 8 on TopperLearning.</p> </div> </div> <div class="accordion"> <input type="checkbox" id="rd7" name="rd"> <label class="accordion-label" for="rd7"> Can I find solutions for CBSE Class 8 Science? </label> <div class="accordion-content"><p style="text-align: justify;">TopperLearning caters to every need of students and so, the solutions for CBSE Class 8 Science are also available. We also have solutions for CBSE Class 8 English making sure that students are fully prepared for their exams.</p> </div> </div> <div class="accordion"> <input type="checkbox" id="rd8" name="rd"> <label class="accordion-label" for="rd8"> Are the CBSE Class 8 Maths solution accepted in school? </label> <div class="accordion-content"><p style="text-align: justify;">Yes. Our academic experts have made sure that the solutions of the CBSE syllabus for Class 8 Maths are apt. The methods used correspond to the ones shown in the NCERT textbooks. TopperLearning’s CBSE syllabus for Class 8 Maths solutions is accepted in all schools. TopperLearning’s CBSE sample paper Class 8  acts as an add on feature and provides you with sample question papers for practice.</p> </div> </div> <div class="accordion"> <input type="checkbox" id="rd9" name="rd"> <label class="accordion-label" for="rd9"> Can I get notes for other subjects also in CBSE Class 8 syllabus? </label> <div class="accordion-content"><p style="text-align: justify;">CBSE Class 8 syllabus has various subjects and TopperLearning tries its best to cater to students’ needs. Hence, all the NCERT solutions for CBSE Class 8 syllabus including subjects like English, Hindi, and Social Studies are also available.</p> </div> </div> <div class="accordion"> <input type="checkbox" id="rd10" name="rd"> <label class="accordion-label" for="rd10"> Is there a sample paper for Hindi in CBSE sample paper Class 8? </label> <div class="accordion-content"><p style="text-align: justify;">Hindi is a part of the CBSE Class 8 syllabus and so, we have textbook solutions and sample papers for Hindi in the TopperLearning’s CBSE sample paper Class 8 section.</p> </div> </div> <div class="accordion"> <input type="checkbox" id="rd11" name="rd"> <label class="accordion-label" for="rd11"> Which chapters in NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Maths are important to prepare for the exams? </label> <div class="accordion-content"><p>There are 16 chapters in the NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Maths: </p> <ol class="number-list"> <li>Rational Numbers</li> <li>Linear Equations In One Variable</li> <li>Understanding Quadrilaterals</li> <li>Practical Geometry</li> <li>Data Handling</li> <li>Squares And Square Roots</li> <li>Cubes And Cube Roots</li> <li>Comparing Quantities</li> <li>Algebraic Expressions And Identities</li> <li>Visualising Solid Shapes</li> <li>Mensuration</li> <li>Exponents And Powers</li> <li>Direct And Inverse Proportions</li> <li>Factorisation</li> <li>Introduction To Graphs</li> <li>Playing With Numbers</li> </ol> <p>Out of these chapters, chapters 2, 3, 8, 13,14, and 16 are considered the most important ones in the Class 8 Maths Solutions book. The CBSE question paper is divided into four sections: A, B, C, and D. These chapters cover most sections.</p> <p>The following is the mark distribution for each chapter: </p> <ol class="number-list"> <li>Chapter 2: Linear Equations In One Variable = 10 Marks</li> <li>Chapter 3: Understanding Quadrilaterals = 13 Marks</li> <li>Chapter 5: Data Handling = 11 Marks</li> <li>Chapter 6: Squares And Square Roots = 12 Marks</li> <li>Chapter 8: Comparing Quantities = 16 Marks</li> <li>Chapter 9: Algebraic Expression And Identities = 12 Marks</li> <li>Chapter 11: Mensuration = 15 Marks</li> <li>Chapter 14: Factorisation = 12 Marks</li> <li>Chapter 15: Introduction To Graphs = 12 Marks</li> </ol> <p>For the upcoming Class 8 Maths examination, you can concentrate more on these chapters in Class 8th Maths NCERT Solutions to achieve good board scores.</p> </div> </div> <div class="accordion"> <input type="checkbox" id="rd12" name="rd"> <label class="accordion-label" for="rd12"> Where can I get the chapter wise answers of the NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Maths? </label> <div class="accordion-content"><p style="text-align: justify;">You can obtain chapter-by-chapter explanations for Class 8th Maths NCERT Solutions on NCERT's official website. It can be downloaded in pdf format. Aside from that, you can also find it on our official site. To obtain a free copy of the pdf, visit our website and register today.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"> </p> <p style="text-align: justify;">The answers to questions in Class 8 Maths Solutions are the ideal study tools for students. These CBSE NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Maths 2021-22 help students better understand the ideas taught in the textbook. Solving textbook problems assist students in gaining a deeper understanding of the concept. In addition, the responses in the books aid candidates in resolving the questions rapidly.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"> </p> <p style="text-align: justify;">The NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Maths list offers explicit and reasonable answers to questions from the NCERT Book for Class 8 Mathematics while conforming to the textbook's objectives. The NCERT Solutions for Class 8 can be used as additional resources and practise tests by candidates. Additionally, as part of their test preparation, students will benefit immensely from studying NCERT textbook practise solutions.</p> </div> </div> <div class="accordion"> <input type="checkbox" id="rd13" name="rd"> <label class="accordion-label" for="rd13"> How can I download Chapter-wise NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Maths? </label> <div class="accordion-content"><p>The NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Maths can be downloaded chapter by chapter from their official website. To download all the lessons, follow the steps mentioned below. </p> <ol class="number-list"> <li>Visit NCERT's official website (<a title="https://ncert.nic.in/" href="https://ncert.nic.in/">https://ncert.nic.in/</a>).</li> <li>In the search box, type "Textbooks PDF (I-XII)" and hit "Enter."</li> <li>A new page will open.</li> <li>Select "Class," "Subject," and "Book Title" as needed on this screen, then click "Go."</li> <li>A new page will be displayed. The chapter number of the subject you select will be on the left side, and the front page of its pdf will be on the right side.</li> <li>Now select the chapter for which you require Class 8 Maths Solutions. Finally, besides the chapter number, click "Open" to display.</li> <li>Now, on the right to the "Print" option, you'll find a download option at the head of the pdf; tap on that, and your document will be downloaded.</li> </ol> <p>On the TopperLearning website, you may also access these Class 8 Maths NCERT pdf solutions. To do so, go to <a title="https://www.topperlearning.com/" href="https://www.topperlearning.com/">https://www.topperlearning.com</a> and select the class, subject, and chapter number or any other topic you're interested in.</p> </div> </div> </div> <script type="application/ld+json"> { "@context": "https://schema.org", "@type": "FAQPage", "mainEntity": [ { "@type": "Question", "name": "<p>Where can I find free NCERT solutions for Class 8 Maths?</p>", "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "<p style='text-align: justify;'>TopperLearning provides free online solutions for exercise questions from your NCERT Class 8 Maths textbook. 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However, for scoring high marks, you should practise more Maths problems by attempting CBSE sample paper Class 8 and previous years’ question papers.</p>" } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "<p>I don’t know which chapter to start during revision. What should I do?</p>", "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "<p style='text-align: justify;'>First of all, download the latest CBSE NCERT syllabus for Class 8 Maths. Decide whether you want to revise specific chapters or topics from the entire syllabus. 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We also have solutions for CBSE Class 8 English making sure that students are fully prepared for their exams.</p>" } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "<p>Are the CBSE Class 8 Maths solution accepted in school?</p>", "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "<p style='text-align: justify;'>Yes. Our academic experts have made sure that the solutions of the CBSE syllabus for Class 8 Maths are apt. The methods used correspond to the ones shown in the NCERT textbooks. TopperLearning’s CBSE syllabus for Class 8 Maths solutions is accepted in all schools. TopperLearning’s CBSE sample paper Class 8  acts as an add on feature and provides you with sample question papers for practice.</p>" } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "<p style='text-align: justify;'>Can I get notes for other subjects also in CBSE Class 8 syllabus?</p>", "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "<p style='text-align: justify;'>CBSE Class 8 syllabus has various subjects and TopperLearning tries its best to cater to students’ needs. Hence, all the NCERT solutions for CBSE Class 8 syllabus including subjects like English, Hindi, and Social Studies are also available.</p>" } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "<p>Is there a sample paper for Hindi in CBSE sample paper Class 8?</p>", "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "<p style='text-align: justify;'>Hindi is a part of the CBSE Class 8 syllabus and so, we have textbook solutions and sample papers for Hindi in the TopperLearning’s CBSE sample paper Class 8 section.</p>" } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "<p>Which chapters in NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Maths are important to prepare for the exams?</p>", "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "<p>There are 16 chapters in the NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Maths: </p> <ol class='number-list'> <li>Rational Numbers</li> <li>Linear Equations In One Variable</li> <li>Understanding Quadrilaterals</li> <li>Practical Geometry</li> <li>Data Handling</li> <li>Squares And Square Roots</li> <li>Cubes And Cube Roots</li> <li>Comparing Quantities</li> <li>Algebraic Expressions And Identities</li> <li>Visualising Solid Shapes</li> <li>Mensuration</li> <li>Exponents And Powers</li> <li>Direct And Inverse Proportions</li> <li>Factorisation</li> <li>Introduction To Graphs</li> <li>Playing With Numbers</li> </ol> <p>Out of these chapters, chapters 2, 3, 8, 13,14, and 16 are considered the most important ones in the Class 8 Maths Solutions book. The CBSE question paper is divided into four sections: A, B, C, and D. These chapters cover most sections.</p> <p>The following is the mark distribution for each chapter: </p> <ol class='number-list'> <li>Chapter 2: Linear Equations In One Variable = 10 Marks</li> <li>Chapter 3: Understanding Quadrilaterals = 13 Marks</li> <li>Chapter 5: Data Handling = 11 Marks</li> <li>Chapter 6: Squares And Square Roots = 12 Marks</li> <li>Chapter 8: Comparing Quantities = 16 Marks</li> <li>Chapter 9: Algebraic Expression And Identities = 12 Marks</li> <li>Chapter 11: Mensuration = 15 Marks</li> <li>Chapter 14: Factorisation = 12 Marks</li> <li>Chapter 15: Introduction To Graphs = 12 Marks</li> </ol> <p>For the upcoming Class 8 Maths examination, you can concentrate more on these chapters in Class 8th Maths NCERT Solutions to achieve good board scores.</p>" } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "<p>Where can I get the chapter wise answers of the NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Maths?</p>", "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "<p style='text-align: justify;'>You can obtain chapter-by-chapter explanations for Class 8th Maths NCERT Solutions on NCERT's official website. It can be downloaded in pdf format. Aside from that, you can also find it on our official site. To obtain a free copy of the pdf, visit our website and register today.</p> <p style='text-align: justify;'> </p> <p style='text-align: justify;'>The answers to questions in Class 8 Maths Solutions are the ideal study tools for students. These CBSE NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Maths 2021-22 help students better understand the ideas taught in the textbook. Solving textbook problems assist students in gaining a deeper understanding of the concept. In addition, the responses in the books aid candidates in resolving the questions rapidly.</p> <p style='text-align: justify;'> </p> <p style='text-align: justify;'>The NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Maths list offers explicit and reasonable answers to questions from the NCERT Book for Class 8 Mathematics while conforming to the textbook's objectives. The NCERT Solutions for Class 8 can be used as additional resources and practise tests by candidates. Additionally, as part of their test preparation, students will benefit immensely from studying NCERT textbook practise solutions.</p>" } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "<p>How can I download Chapter-wise NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Maths?</p>", "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "<p>The NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Maths can be downloaded chapter by chapter from their official website. To download all the lessons, follow the steps mentioned below. </p> <ol class='number-list'> <li>Visit NCERT's official website (<a title='https://ncert.nic.in/' href='https://ncert.nic.in/'>https://ncert.nic.in/</a>).</li> <li>In the search box, type 'Textbooks PDF (I-XII)' and hit 'Enter.'</li> <li>A new page will open.</li> <li>Select 'Class,' 'Subject,' and 'Book Title' as needed on this screen, then click 'Go.'</li> <li>A new page will be displayed. The chapter number of the subject you select will be on the left side, and the front page of its pdf will be on the right side.</li> <li>Now select the chapter for which you require Class 8 Maths Solutions. Finally, besides the chapter number, click 'Open' to display.</li> <li>Now, on the right to the 'Print' option, you'll find a download option at the head of the pdf; tap on that, and your document will be downloaded.</li> </ol> <p>On the TopperLearning website, you may also access these Class 8 Maths NCERT pdf solutions. To do so, go to <a title='https://www.topperlearning.com/' href='https://www.topperlearning.com/'>https://www.topperlearning.com</a> and select the class, subject, and chapter number or any other topic you're interested in.</p>" } } ] } </script> </div> </div> </section>  </div>  <div id="ROS_AS_PG_1x1"></div> <div id="ROS_AS_PG_SLIDER_1x1"></div> <div id="ROS_AS_SKIN_OOP"></div> <div id="ROS_AS_SHOSH_OOP"></div> <script> if(showAds){ googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.defineSlot('/1039154/TOPLRN_ENG_DESKTOP/TOPLRN_ENG_ROS/TOPLRN_ENG_ROS_AS/TOPLRN_ENG_ROS_AS_PG_1x1', [[1, 1]], 'ROS_AS_PG_1x1').addService(googletag.pubads()); googletag.defineSlot('/1039154/TOPLRN_ENG_DESKTOP/TOPLRN_ENG_ROS/TOPLRN_ENG_ROS_AS/TOPLRN_ENG_ROS_AS_PG_SLIDER_1x1', [[1, 1]], 'ROS_AS_PG_SLIDER_1x1').addService(googletag.pubads()); googletag.defineOutOfPageSlot('/1039154/TOPLRN_ENG_DESKTOP/TOPLRN_ENG_ROS/TOPLRN_ENG_ROS_AS/TOPLRN_ENG_ROS_AS_SKIN_OOP', 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