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class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ancient_and_Medieval_times" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ancient_and_Medieval_times"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Ancient and Medieval times</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ancient_and_Medieval_times-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Under_Habsburg_rule" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Under_Habsburg_rule"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Under Habsburg rule</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Under_Habsburg_rule-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hungarian_Crown" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hungarian_Crown"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Hungarian Crown</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hungarian_Crown-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-World_War_I" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#World_War_I"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>World War I</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-World_War_I-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_"Fiume_Question"_and_the_Italian-Yugoslav_dispute" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_"Fiume_Question"_and_the_Italian-Yugoslav_dispute"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>The "Fiume Question" and the Italian-Yugoslav dispute</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_"Fiume_Question"_and_the_Italian-Yugoslav_dispute-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_Regency_of_Carnaro" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Regency_of_Carnaro"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.6</span> <span>The Regency of Carnaro</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Regency_of_Carnaro-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_Free_State_of_Fiume" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Free_State_of_Fiume"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.7</span> <span>The Free State of Fiume</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Free_State_of_Fiume-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_territory_of_Fiume_part_of_the_Kingdom_of_Italy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_territory_of_Fiume_part_of_the_Kingdom_of_Italy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.8</span> <span>The territory of Fiume part of the Kingdom of Italy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_territory_of_Fiume_part_of_the_Kingdom_of_Italy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-World_War_II_and_the_German_Operational_Zone" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#World_War_II_and_the_German_Operational_Zone"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.9</span> <span>World War II and the German Operational Zone</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-World_War_II_and_the_German_Operational_Zone-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Aftermath_of_World_War_II" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aftermath_of_World_War_II"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.10</span> <span>Aftermath of World War II</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Aftermath_of_World_War_II-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rijeka's_International_Carnival" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rijeka's_International_Carnival"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Rijeka's International Carnival</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rijeka's_International_Carnival-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Demographics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Panoramas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Panoramas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Panoramas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Panoramas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Notable people</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Notable people subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Scientists,_professors_and_inventors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Scientists,_professors_and_inventors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Scientists, professors and inventors</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Scientists,_professors_and_inventors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Arts_and_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Arts_and_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Arts and culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Arts_and_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Politics_and_institutions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Politics_and_institutions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3</span> <span>Politics and institutions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Politics_and_institutions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economists_and_entrepreneurs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economists_and_entrepreneurs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.4</span> <span>Economists and entrepreneurs</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economists_and_entrepreneurs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sportspeople" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sportspeople"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.5</span> <span>Sportspeople</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sportspeople-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Musicians" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Musicians"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.6</span> <span>Musicians</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Musicians-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Others" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Others"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.7</span> <span>Others</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Others-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Main_sights" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Main_sights"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Main sights</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Main_sights-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Climate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Transport</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Transport-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Transport subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Transport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Bus_connections" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bus_connections"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1</span> <span>Bus connections</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bus_connections-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Sports</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-International_relations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International_relations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>International relations</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-International_relations-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle International relations subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-International_relations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Twin_towns_–_sister_cities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Twin_towns_–_sister_cities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.1</span> <span>Twin towns – sister cities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Twin_towns_–_sister_cities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_popular_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_popular_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>In popular culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_popular_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16.1</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16.2</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">17</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Rijeka</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 89 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-89" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">89 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rijeka" title="Rijeka – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Rijeka" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%8A%D9%83%D8%A7" title="رييكا – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="رييكا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rijeka" title="Rijeka – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Rijeka" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riyeka" title="Riyeka – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Riyeka" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%8B%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Рыека – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Рыека" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%8B%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Рыека – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Рыека" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Риека – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Риека" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rijeka_(grad)" title="Rijeka (grad) – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Rijeka (grad)" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rijeka" title="Rijeka – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Rijeka" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rijeka" title="Rijeka – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Rijeka" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Риека – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Риека" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grad_Rijeka" title="Grad Rijeka – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Grad Rijeka" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rijeka" title="Rijeka – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Rijeka" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rijeka" title="Rijeka – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Rijeka" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rijeka" title="Rijeka – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Rijeka" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rijeka" title="Rijeka – Lower Sorbian" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Rijeka" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="Lower Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rijeka" title="Rijeka – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Rijeka" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A1%CE%B9%CE%AD%CE%BA%CE%B1" title="Ριέκα – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ριέκα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rijeka" title="Rijeka – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Rijeka" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rijeko" title="Rijeko – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Rijeko" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rijeka" title="Rijeka – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Rijeka" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%DB%8C%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%A7" title="رییکا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="رییکا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rijeka" title="Rijeka – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Rijeka" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rijeka" title="Rijeka – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Rijeka" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rijeka" title="Rijeka – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Rijeka" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rijeka" title="Rijeka – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Rijeka" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A6%AC%EC%98%88%EC%B9%B4" title="리예카 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="리예카" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rijeka" title="Rijeka – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Rijeka" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8C%D5%AB%D5%A5%D5%AF%D5%A1" title="Ռիեկա – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ռիեկա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rijeka" title="Rijeka – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Rijeka" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rijeka" title="Rijeka – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Rijeka" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rijeka" title="Rijeka – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Rijeka" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rijeka" title="Rijeka – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Rijeka" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rijeka" title="Rijeka – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Rijeka" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%BA%C3%A6" title="Риекæ – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Риекæ" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rijeka" title="Rijeka – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Rijeka" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiume_(Croazia)" title="Fiume (Croazia) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Fiume (Croazia)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%94" title="רייקה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="רייקה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rijeka" title="Rijeka – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Rijeka" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%94%E1%83%99%E1%83%90" title="რიეკა – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="რიეკა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rijeka" title="Rijeka – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Rijeka" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarsatica" title="Tarsatica – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Tarsatica" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rijeka" title="Rijeka – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Rijeka" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rijeka" title="Rijeka – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Rijeka" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sciumme_(Fiume)" title="Sciumme (Fiume) – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Sciumme (Fiume)" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fi%C3%BCm_(Cruazia)" title="Fiüm (Cruazia) – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Fiüm (Cruazia)" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiume" title="Fiume – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Fiume" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Риека – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Риека" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE" title="रियेका – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="रियेका" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%94%E1%83%99%E1%83%90" title="რიეკა – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="რიეკა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%8A%D9%83%D8%A7" title="رييكا – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="رييكا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rijeka" title="Rijeka – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Rijeka" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AA%E3%82%A8%E3%82%AB" title="リエカ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="リエカ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Риека – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Риека" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rijeka" title="Rijeka – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Rijeka" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rijeka" title="Rijeka – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Rijeka" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rijeka" title="Rijeka – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Rijeka" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riyeka" title="Riyeka – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Riyeka" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rijeka" title="Rijeka – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Rijeka" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rijeka" title="Rijeka – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Rijeka" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rijeka" title="Rijeka – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Rijeka" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Риека – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Риека" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Риека – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Риека" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rijeka" title="Rijeka – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Rijeka" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-st mw-list-item"><a href="https://st.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rijeka" title="Rijeka – Southern Sotho" lang="st" hreflang="st" data-title="Rijeka" data-language-autonym="Sesotho" data-language-local-name="Southern Sotho" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rijeka" title="Rijeka – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Rijeka" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rijeka" title="Rijeka – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Rijeka" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rijeka" title="Rijeka – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Rijeka" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reka,_Hrva%C5%A1ka" title="Reka, Hrvaška – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Reka, Hrvaška" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rijeka" title="Rijeka – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Rijeka" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%95%DB%8C%DB%8E%DA%A9%D8%A7" title="ڕیێکا – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ڕیێکا" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0_(%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4)" title="Ријека (град) – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Ријека (град)" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rijeka_(grad)" title="Rijeka (grad) – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Rijeka (grad)" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rijeka" title="Rijeka – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Rijeka" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rijeka" title="Rijeka – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Rijeka" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Риека – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Риека" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2" title="ริเยกา – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ริเยกา" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rijeka" title="Rijeka – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Rijeka" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%96%D1%94%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Рієка – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Рієка" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A6%DA%A9%D8%A7" title="ریئکا – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ریئکا" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiume_(Croasia)" title="Fiume (Croasia) – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Fiume (Croasia)" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rijek" title="Rijek – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Rijek" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rijeka" title="Rijeka – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Rijeka" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rijeka" title="Rijeka – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Rijeka" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rijeka" title="Rijeka – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Rijeka" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%87%8C%E8%80%B6%E5%8D%A1" title="里耶卡 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="里耶卡" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%87%8C%E8%80%B6%E5%8D%A1" title="里耶卡 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="里耶卡" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%87%8C%E8%80%B6%E5%8D%A1" title="里耶卡 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="里耶卡" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rsk mw-list-item"><a href="https://rsk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D1%94%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Риєка – Pannonian Rusyn" lang="rsk" hreflang="rsk" data-title="Риєка" data-language-autonym="Руски" data-language-local-name="Pannonian Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Руски</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1647#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div 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class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1647" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Rijeka&params=45_19_38_N_14_26_28_E_region:HR-08_type:city(107964)"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">45°19′38″N</span> <span class="longitude">14°26′28″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">45.32722°N 14.44111°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">45.32722; 14.44111</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">City in Primorje-Gorski Kotar County, Croatia</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the city in Croatia. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Rijeka_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Rijeka (disambiguation)">Rijeka (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Fiume" redirects here. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Fiume_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Fiume (disambiguation)">Fiume (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">City in Primorje-Gorski Kotar, Croatia</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Rijeka</div> <div class="nickname ib-settlement-native"><span title="Chakavian-language text"><i lang="ckm">Reka / Rika</i></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Chakavian_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Chakavian language">Chakavian</a>)</span><br /> <i>Fiume</i> (<a href="/wiki/Fiuman_dialect" title="Fiuman dialect">Fiuman</a>)</div><div class="nickname ib-settlement-other-name">Fiume</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_and_towns_in_Croatia" title="List of cities and towns in Croatia">City</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow ib-settlement-official"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">City of Rijeka<br /><span title="Croatian-language text"><i lang="hr">Grad Rijeka</i></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tnone center"><div class="multiimageinner" style="width:252px;max-width:252px;border:none"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:250px;max-width:250px"><div style="height:165px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Rijeka_Riva_promenade_aerial.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Rijeka_Riva_promenade_aerial.jpg/248px-Rijeka_Riva_promenade_aerial.jpg" decoding="async" width="248" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Rijeka_Riva_promenade_aerial.jpg/372px-Rijeka_Riva_promenade_aerial.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Rijeka_Riva_promenade_aerial.jpg/496px-Rijeka_Riva_promenade_aerial.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1364" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center">Riva Waterfront</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:123px;max-width:123px"><div style="height:92px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Palace_Modello_Rijeka.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Palace_Modello_Rijeka.jpg/121px-Palace_Modello_Rijeka.jpg" decoding="async" width="121" height="92" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Palace_Modello_Rijeka.jpg/182px-Palace_Modello_Rijeka.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Palace_Modello_Rijeka.jpg/242px-Palace_Modello_Rijeka.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3939" data-file-height="3010" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Palace_Modello" title="Palace Modello">Palace Modello</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:125px;max-width:125px"><div style="height:92px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Croatia_Trsat_Castle_BW_2014-10-14_12-34-27.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Croatia_Trsat_Castle_BW_2014-10-14_12-34-27.jpg/123px-Croatia_Trsat_Castle_BW_2014-10-14_12-34-27.jpg" decoding="async" width="123" height="92" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Croatia_Trsat_Castle_BW_2014-10-14_12-34-27.jpg/185px-Croatia_Trsat_Castle_BW_2014-10-14_12-34-27.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Croatia_Trsat_Castle_BW_2014-10-14_12-34-27.jpg/246px-Croatia_Trsat_Castle_BW_2014-10-14_12-34-27.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3376" data-file-height="2518" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Trsat_Castle" title="Trsat Castle">Trsat Castle</a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:140px;max-width:140px"><div style="height:103px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NationaltheaterRijekaHNK.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/NationaltheaterRijekaHNK.jpg/138px-NationaltheaterRijekaHNK.jpg" decoding="async" width="138" height="104" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/NationaltheaterRijekaHNK.jpg/207px-NationaltheaterRijekaHNK.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/NationaltheaterRijekaHNK.jpg/276px-NationaltheaterRijekaHNK.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4621" data-file-height="3466" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Croatian_National_Theatre_Ivan_pl._Zajc_in_Rijeka" class="mw-redirect" title="Croatian National Theatre Ivan pl. Zajc in Rijeka">HNK Zajc</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:108px;max-width:108px"><div style="height:103px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Rijeka_D81_4209_(24790500058).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Rijeka_D81_4209_%2824790500058%29.jpg/106px-Rijeka_D81_4209_%2824790500058%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="106" height="103" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Rijeka_D81_4209_%2824790500058%29.jpg/159px-Rijeka_D81_4209_%2824790500058%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Rijeka_D81_4209_%2824790500058%29.jpg/212px-Rijeka_D81_4209_%2824790500058%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5061" data-file-height="4912" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Rijeka_Cathedral" title="Rijeka Cathedral">Rijeka Cathedral</a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:250px;max-width:250px"><div style="height:164px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:ItalSchoolRijeka.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/ItalSchoolRijeka.jpg/248px-ItalSchoolRijeka.jpg" decoding="async" width="248" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/ItalSchoolRijeka.jpg/372px-ItalSchoolRijeka.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/ItalSchoolRijeka.jpg/496px-ItalSchoolRijeka.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1330" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Italian_Secondary_School,_Rijeka" title="Italian Secondary School, Rijeka">Italian Secondary School</a></div></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1028600610">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Rijeka.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Rijeka"><img alt="Flag of Rijeka" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Rijeka.svg/160px-Flag_of_Rijeka.svg.png" decoding="async" width="160" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Rijeka.svg/240px-Flag_of_Rijeka.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Rijeka.svg/320px-Flag_of_Rijeka.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1430" data-file-height="719" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Flag</div></div><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Rijeka_COA.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Rijeka"><img alt="Coat of arms of Rijeka" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Rijeka_COA.svg/85px-Rijeka_COA.svg.png" decoding="async" width="85" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Rijeka_COA.svg/128px-Rijeka_COA.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Rijeka_COA.svg/170px-Rijeka_COA.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="456" data-file-height="535" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Coat of arms</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 270px; height: 200px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="270" data-height="200" data-zoom="9" data-overlays="["_a3bc358e3006411062945e7f717708609d80539a"]"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,9,a,a,270x200.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Rijeka&revid=1254980200&groups=_a3bc358e3006411062945e7f717708609d80539a" width="270" height="200" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,9,a,a,270x200@2x.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Rijeka&revid=1254980200&groups=_a3bc358e3006411062945e7f717708609d80539a 2x" alt="Map" /></a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Croatia_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Rijeka is located in Croatia"><img alt="Rijeka is located in Croatia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Croatia_location_map.svg/250px-Croatia_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="242" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Croatia_location_map.svg/375px-Croatia_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Croatia_location_map.svg/500px-Croatia_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1097" data-file-height="1062" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:31.336%;left:19.722%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rijeka"><img alt="Rijeka" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Rijeka</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location of Rijeka within Croatia</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Rijeka&params=45_19_38_N_14_26_28_E_region:HR-08_type:city(107964)"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">45°19′38″N</span> <span class="longitude">14°26′28″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">45.32722°N 14.44111°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">45.32722; 14.44111</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatia</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Counties_of_Croatia" title="Counties of Croatia">County</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Primorje-Gorski_Kotar_County" title="Primorje-Gorski Kotar County">Primorje-Gorski Kotar</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/List_of_mayors_of_Rijeka" title="List of mayors of Rijeka">Mayor</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Marko Filipović (<a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_of_Croatia" title="Social Democratic Party of Croatia">SDP</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Rijeka_City_Council" title="Rijeka City Council">City Council</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left; border: none; padding: 0;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>31 members</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0; text-align:left;display:none;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#ED1C24; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_of_Croatia" title="Social Democratic Party of Croatia">SDP</a>-<a href="/wiki/Croatian_Party_of_Pensioners" title="Croatian Party of Pensioners">HSU</a>-<a href="/wiki/Istrian_Democratic_Assembly" title="Istrian Democratic Assembly">IDS</a>-<a href="/wiki/Croatian_Peasant_Party" title="Croatian Peasant Party">HSS</a> (10) </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#005BAA; color:white;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Croatian_Democratic_Union" title="Croatian Democratic Union">HDZ</a> (6) </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#DCDCDC; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" title="Independent politician">Independents</a> (4) </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#E85726; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/The_Bridge_(Croatia)" title="The Bridge (Croatia)">Most</a> (4) </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#00c8c8; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Alliance_of_Primorje-Gorski_Kotar" title="Alliance of Primorje-Gorski Kotar">PGS</a>-<a href="/wiki/Croatian_Labourists_-_Labour_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Croatian Labourists - Labour Party">HL</a> (3) </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#C3D746; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/We_can!_(Croatia)" title="We can! (Croatia)">Možemo!</a> (2) </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#ffc90e; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Youth_Action_(Croatia)" title="Youth Action (Croatia)">AM</a> (2) </li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Croatian_Parliament_electoral_districts" title="Croatian Parliament electoral districts">Electoral district</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Electoral_district_VIII_(Croatian_Parliament)" title="Electoral district VIII (Croatian Parliament)">VIII</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • <a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_and_towns_in_Croatia" title="List of cities and towns in Croatia">City</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">43.4 km<sup>2</sup> (16.8 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Urban<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">43.4 km<sup>2</sup> (16.8 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Metro<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">3,200 km<sup>2</sup> (1,200 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Elevation<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">0–499 m (0–1,637 ft)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(2021)<sup id="cite_ref-Census_2021_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Census_2021-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • <a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_and_towns_in_Croatia" title="List of cities and towns in Croatia">City</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">107,964</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Density</th><td class="infobox-data">2,500/km<sup>2</sup> (6,400/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Urban_area" title="Urban area">Urban</a><div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">107,964</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Urban density</th><td class="infobox-data">2,500/km<sup>2</sup> (6,400/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B1" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+1">UTC+1</a> (<a href="/wiki/Central_European_Time" title="Central European Time">CET</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"> • Summer (<a href="/wiki/Daylight_saving_time" title="Daylight saving time">DST</a>)</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B2" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+2">UTC+2</a> (<a href="/wiki/Central_European_Summer_Time" title="Central European Summer Time">CEST</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Postal code</th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="postal-code">51000</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Telephone_numbering_plan" title="Telephone numbering plan">Area code</a></th><td class="infobox-data">051</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Vehicle_registration_plate" title="Vehicle registration plate">Vehicle registration</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Vehicle_registration_plates_of_Croatia" title="Vehicle registration plates of Croatia">RI</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Patron_saint" title="Patron saint">Patron saints</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/St._Vitus" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Vitus">St. Vitus</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rijeka.hr">www<wbr />.rijeka<wbr />.hr</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Rijeka</b> (<span class="IPA-label">Croatian:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="hr-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Serbo-Croatian" title="Help:IPA/Serbo-Croatian">[rijěːka]</a></span> <span class="noprint"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="ext-phonos-PhonosButton noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/c\/ce\/Hr-Rijeka.ogg\/Hr-Rijeka.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Hr-Rijeka.ogg"},"classes":["ext-phonos-PhonosButton","noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/ce/Hr-Rijeka.ogg/Hr-Rijeka.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:Hr-Rijeka.ogg" title="File:Hr-Rijeka.ogg">ⓘ</a></sup></span></span><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>;<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Slovene_language" title="Slovene language">Slovene</a>: <i lang="sl">Reka</i>), also known as <b>Fiume</b><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<span class="IPA-label">Italian:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="it-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Italian" title="Help:IPA/Italian">[ˈfjuːme]</a></span> <span class="noprint"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-2" class="ext-phonos-PhonosButton noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/a\/a6\/It-Fiume.ogg\/It-Fiume.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"It-Fiume.ogg"},"classes":["ext-phonos-PhonosButton","noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a6/It-Fiume.ogg/It-Fiume.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:It-Fiume.ogg" title="File:It-Fiume.ogg">ⓘ</a></sup></span></span>; <a href="/wiki/Fiuman_dialect" title="Fiuman dialect">Fiuman</a>: <i>Fiume</i>; <a href="/wiki/Hungarian_language" title="Hungarian language">Hungarian</a>: <i lang="hu">Fiume</i>; outdated <a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a>: <i lang="de">Sankt Veit am Flaum</i>), is the principal seaport and the <a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_and_towns_in_Croatia" title="List of cities and towns in Croatia">third-largest city</a> in <a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatia</a> (after <a href="/wiki/Zagreb" title="Zagreb">Zagreb</a> and <a href="/wiki/Split,_Croatia" title="Split, Croatia">Split</a>). It is located in <a href="/wiki/Primorje-Gorski_Kotar_County" title="Primorje-Gorski Kotar County">Primorje-Gorski Kotar County</a> on <a href="/wiki/Kvarner_Bay" class="mw-redirect" title="Kvarner Bay">Kvarner Bay</a>, an inlet of the <a href="/wiki/Adriatic_Sea" title="Adriatic Sea">Adriatic Sea</a> and in 2021 had a population of 108,622 inhabitants.<sup id="cite_ref-dzs-ri-2011_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dzs-ri-2011-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Historically, because of its strategic position and <a href="/wiki/Port_of_Rijeka" title="Port of Rijeka">its excellent deep-water port</a>, the city was fiercely contested, especially between the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a>, Italy and Croatia, changing rulers and demographics many times over centuries. According to the <a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Croatia" title="Demographics of Croatia">2011 census data</a>, the majority of its citizens are <a href="/wiki/Croats" title="Croats">Croats</a>, along with small numbers of <a href="/wiki/Serbs_of_Croatia" title="Serbs of Croatia">Serbs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bosniaks_of_Croatia" title="Bosniaks of Croatia">Bosniaks</a> and <a href="/wiki/Italians_of_Croatia" title="Italians of Croatia">Italians</a>. </p><p>Rijeka is the main city and <a href="/wiki/County_seat" title="County seat">county seat</a> of the Primorje-Gorski Kotar County. The city's economy largely depends on shipbuilding (<a href="/wiki/Shipyard" title="Shipyard">shipyards</a> "<a href="/wiki/3._Maj" title="3. Maj">3. Maj</a>" and "<a href="/wiki/Viktor_Lenac_Shipyard" title="Viktor Lenac Shipyard">Viktor Lenac Shipyard</a>") and maritime transport. Rijeka hosts the <a href="/wiki/Croatian_National_Theatre_Ivan_pl._Zajc_in_Rijeka" class="mw-redirect" title="Croatian National Theatre Ivan pl. Zajc in Rijeka">Croatian National Theatre Ivan pl. Zajc</a>, first built in 1765, as well as the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Rijeka" title="University of Rijeka">University of Rijeka</a>, founded in 1973 but with roots dating back to 1632 and the local <a href="/wiki/Society_of_Jesus" class="mw-redirect" title="Society of Jesus">Jesuit</a> School of Theology.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Apart from <a href="/wiki/Croatian_language" title="Croatian language">Croatian</a> and Italian, linguistically the city is home to its own unique dialect of the <a href="/wiki/Venetian_language" title="Venetian language">Venetian language</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fiuman_dialect" title="Fiuman dialect">Fiuman</a>, with an estimated 20,000 speakers among the local Italians, Croats and other minorities. Historically Fiuman served as the main <i><a href="/wiki/Lingua_franca" title="Lingua franca">lingua franca</a></i> among the many ethnicities inhabiting the multi-ethnic port city. In certain suburbs of the modern extended municipality the autochthonous population still speaks <a href="/wiki/Chakavian" title="Chakavian">Chakavian</a>, a dialect of Croatian. </p><p>In 2016, Rijeka was selected as the <a href="/wiki/European_Capital_of_Culture" title="European Capital of Culture">European Capital of Culture</a> for 2020, alongside <a href="/wiki/Galway" title="Galway">Galway</a>, <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Name">Name</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rijeka&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Name"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Historically, Rijeka was called <b>Tharsatica</b>, <b>Vitopolis</b> (<abbr style="font-size:85%" title="literal translation">lit.</abbr><span style="white-space: nowrap;"> </span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span><span class="gloss-text">City of [Saint] <a href="/wiki/Saint_Vitus" title="Saint Vitus">Vitus</a></span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span>), or <b>Flumen</b> (<abbr style="font-size:85%" title="literal translation">lit.</abbr><span style="white-space: nowrap;"> </span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span><span class="gloss-text">River</span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span>) in <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a>. The city is called <span title="Croatian-language text"><i lang="hr">Rijeka</i></span> in <a href="/wiki/Croatian_language" title="Croatian language">Croatian</a>, <span title="Slovene-language text"><i lang="sl">Reka</i></span> in <a href="/wiki/Slovene_language" title="Slovene language">Slovene</a>, and <span title="Chakavian-language text"><i lang="ckm">Reka</i></span> or <span title="Chakavian-language text"><i lang="ckm">Rika</i></span> in the local dialects of the <a href="/wiki/Chakavian" title="Chakavian">Chakavian</a> language. It is called <span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it">Fiume</i></span> in <a href="/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">Italian</a> and in <a href="/wiki/Fiuman_dialect" title="Fiuman dialect">Fiuman Venetian</a>. All these names mean 'river' in their respective languages.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-word_reference_fiume_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-word_reference_fiume-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Meanwhile, in <a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a> the city has been called <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Sankt Veit am Flaum</i></span>/<span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Pflaum</i></span> (<abbr style="font-size:85%" title="literal translation">lit.</abbr><span style="white-space: nowrap;"> </span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span><span class="gloss-text">St. Vitus on the Flaum/Pflaum</span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span>, with the name of <a href="/wiki/Rje%C4%8Dina" title="Rječina">the river</a> being derived from Latin <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">flumen</i></span>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rijeka&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rijekaopatijax.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Rijekaopatijax.jpg/220px-Rijekaopatijax.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Rijekaopatijax.jpg/330px-Rijekaopatijax.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Rijekaopatijax.jpg/440px-Rijekaopatijax.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4600" data-file-height="3099" /></a><figcaption>Rijeka Bay</figcaption></figure> <p>Rijeka is located in western <a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatia</a>, 131 kilometres (81 miles) south-west of the capital, <a href="/wiki/Zagreb" title="Zagreb">Zagreb</a>, on the coast of <a href="/wiki/Kvarner_Gulf" title="Kvarner Gulf">Kvarner Gulf</a>, in the northern part of the <a href="/wiki/Adriatic_Sea" title="Adriatic Sea">Adriatic Sea</a>. Geographically, Rijeka is roughly equidistant from <a href="/wiki/Milan" title="Milan">Milan</a> (485 km [301 mi]), <a href="/wiki/Budapest" title="Budapest">Budapest</a> (502 km [312 mi]), <a href="/wiki/Munich" title="Munich">Munich</a> (516 km [321 mi]), <a href="/wiki/Vienna" title="Vienna">Vienna</a> (516 km [321 mi]) and <a href="/wiki/Belgrade" title="Belgrade">Belgrade</a> (550 km [340 mi]). Other major regional centers such as <a href="/wiki/Trieste" title="Trieste">Trieste</a> (76 km [47 mi]), <a href="/wiki/Venice" title="Venice">Venice</a> (240 km [150 mi]) and <a href="/wiki/Ljubljana" title="Ljubljana">Ljubljana</a> (115 km [71 mi]) are all relatively close and easily accessible. The Bay of Rijeka, which is bordered by Vela Vrata (between <a href="/wiki/Istria" title="Istria">Istria</a> and the island of <a href="/wiki/Cres" title="Cres">Cres</a>), Srednja Vrata (between Cres and <a href="/wiki/Krk" title="Krk">Krk</a> Island) and Mala Vrata (between Krk and the mainland) is connected to the Kvarner Gulf and is deep enough (about fifty metres or 160 feet) to accommodate large commercial ships. The City of Rijeka lies at the mouth of the river <a href="/wiki/Rje%C4%8Dina" title="Rječina">Rječina</a> and in the <a href="/wiki/Vinodol,_Croatia" title="Vinodol, Croatia">Vinodol</a> micro-region of the Croatian coast. From three sides Rijeka is surrounded by mountains. To the west, the 1,396-metre (4,580 ft) <a href="/wiki/U%C4%8Dka" title="Učka">Učka</a> range is prominent. To the north/north-east there are the <a href="/wiki/Sne%C5%BEnik_(plateau)" title="Snežnik (plateau)">Snežnik</a> plateau and the 1,528 m (5,013 ft) <a href="/wiki/Risnjak" title="Risnjak">Risnjak</a> massif with the <a href="/wiki/Risnjak_National_Park" title="Risnjak National Park">national park</a>. To the east/south-east there is the 1,533-metre (5,030 ft) <a href="/wiki/Velika_Kapela" title="Velika Kapela">Velika Kapela</a> range. This type of terrain configuration prevented Rijeka from developing further inland (to the north) and the city mostly lies on a long and relatively narrow strip along the coast. Two important inland transport routes start in Rijeka. The first route runs north-east to the <a href="/wiki/Pannonian_Basin" title="Pannonian Basin">Pannonian Basin</a>. This route takes advantage of Rijeka's location close to the point where the <a href="/wiki/Dinaric_Alps" title="Dinaric Alps">Dinaric Alps</a> are the narrowest (about fifty kilometres or 31 miles) and easiest to traverse, making it the optimal route from the <a href="/wiki/Great_Hungarian_Plain" title="Great Hungarian Plain">Hungarian plain</a> to the sea. It also makes Rijeka the natural harbour for the Pannonian Basin (especially <a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungary</a>). The other route runs north-west across the <a href="/wiki/Postojna_Gate" title="Postojna Gate">Postojna Gate</a> connecting Rijeka with <a href="/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia">Slovenia</a> and further through the <a href="/wiki/Ljubljana_Gap" title="Ljubljana Gap">Ljubljana Gap</a> with <a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a> and beyond. A third more coastal route runs east-west connecting Rijeka (and—by extension—the <a href="/wiki/Adriatic" class="mw-redirect" title="Adriatic">Adriatic</a> coastal cities to the south) with Trieste and northern <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rijeka&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/History_of_Rijeka" title="History of Rijeka">History of Rijeka</a> and <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Rijeka" title="Timeline of Rijeka">Timeline of Rijeka</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1224211176">.mw-parser-output .quotebox{background-color:#F9F9F9;border:1px solid #aaa;box-sizing:border-box;padding:10px;font-size:88%;max-width:100%}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatleft{margin:.5em 1.4em .8em 0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatright{margin:.5em 0 .8em 1.4em}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.centered{overflow:hidden;position:relative;margin:.5em auto .8em auto}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatleft span,.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatright span{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .quotebox>blockquote{margin:0;padding:0;border-left:0;font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-title{text-align:center;font-size:110%;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote>:first-child{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote:last-child>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote.quoted:before{font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:large;color:gray;content:" “ ";vertical-align:-45%;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote.quoted:after{font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:large;color:gray;content:" ” ";line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .left-aligned{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .right-aligned{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .center-aligned{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .quote-title,.mw-parser-output .quotebox .quotebox-quote{display:block}.mw-parser-output .quotebox cite{display:block;font-style:normal}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .quotebox{width:100%!important;margin:0 0 .8em!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="quotebox pullquote floatright" style="width:25em; ; font-size: 80%;"> <div class="quotebox-title" style="color: #202122;background-color: #B0C4DE;">Timeline of Rijeka <br /><small>Historical affiliations</small></div> <blockquote class="quotebox-quote left-aligned" style=""> <p><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Flag_of_Croatia_%28Early_16th_century%E2%80%931526%29_%28Border%29.svg/18px-Flag_of_Croatia_%28Early_16th_century%E2%80%931526%29_%28Border%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Flag_of_Croatia_%28Early_16th_century%E2%80%931526%29_%28Border%29.svg/28px-Flag_of_Croatia_%28Early_16th_century%E2%80%931526%29_%28Border%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Flag_of_Croatia_%28Early_16th_century%E2%80%931526%29_%28Border%29.svg/36px-Flag_of_Croatia_%28Early_16th_century%E2%80%931526%29_%28Border%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="636" data-file-height="530" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Croatia_(925%E2%80%931102)" title="Kingdom of Croatia (925–1102)">Kingdom of Croatia</a> pre-1102. <a href="/wiki/Croatia_in_personal_union_with_Hungary" title="Croatia in personal union with Hungary">Kingdom of Croatia</a>-<a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary" title="Kingdom of Hungary">Kingdom of Hungary</a>:1102–1466 <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Banner_of_the_Holy_Roman_Emperor_with_haloes_%281430-1806%29.svg/23px-Banner_of_the_Holy_Roman_Emperor_with_haloes_%281430-1806%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Banner_of_the_Holy_Roman_Emperor_with_haloes_%281430-1806%29.svg/35px-Banner_of_the_Holy_Roman_Emperor_with_haloes_%281430-1806%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Banner_of_the_Holy_Roman_Emperor_with_haloes_%281430-1806%29.svg/45px-Banner_of_the_Holy_Roman_Emperor_with_haloes_%281430-1806%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a> (<a href="/wiki/Habsburg_monarchy" title="Habsburg monarchy">Habsburg monarchy</a>), 1466–1809 <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/First_French_Empire" title="First French Empire">First French Empire</a>, 1809–1814 <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_the_Habsburg_Monarchy.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Habsburg_Monarchy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_the_Habsburg_Monarchy.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Habsburg_Monarchy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_the_Habsburg_Monarchy.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Habsburg_Monarchy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Austrian_Empire" title="Austrian Empire">Austrian Empire</a>, 1814–1867 <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_the_Habsburg_Monarchy.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Habsburg_Monarchy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_the_Habsburg_Monarchy.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Habsburg_Monarchy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_the_Habsburg_Monarchy.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Habsburg_Monarchy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Austria-Hungary" title="Austria-Hungary">Austria-Hungary</a> (<span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Hungary_%281915-1918%3B_angels%3B_3-2_aspect_ratio%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hungary_%281915-1918%3B_angels%3B_3-2_aspect_ratio%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Hungary_%281915-1918%3B_angels%3B_3-2_aspect_ratio%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Hungary_%281915-1918%3B_angels%3B_3-2_aspect_ratio%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Hungary_%281915-1918%3B_angels%3B_3-2_aspect_ratio%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Hungary_%281915-1918%3B_angels%3B_3-2_aspect_ratio%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Lands_of_the_Crown_of_Saint_Stephen" title="Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen">Transleithania</a>), 1867–1918 <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Ensign_of_the_Regency_of_Carnaro_%281920%29.svg/23px-Ensign_of_the_Regency_of_Carnaro_%281920%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Ensign_of_the_Regency_of_Carnaro_%281920%29.svg/35px-Ensign_of_the_Regency_of_Carnaro_%281920%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Ensign_of_the_Regency_of_Carnaro_%281920%29.svg/46px-Ensign_of_the_Regency_of_Carnaro_%281920%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="432" data-file-height="216" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Italian_Regency_of_Carnaro" title="Italian Regency of Carnaro">Italian Regency of Carnaro</a>, 1919–1920<br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_the_Free_State_of_Fiume.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Free_State_of_Fiume.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_the_Free_State_of_Fiume.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Free_State_of_Fiume.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_the_Free_State_of_Fiume.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Free_State_of_Fiume.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Free_State_of_Fiume" title="Free State of Fiume">Free State of Fiume</a>, 1920–1924 <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy" title="Kingdom of Italy">Kingdom of Italy</a>, 1924–1943 <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Operational_Zone_of_the_Adriatic_Littoral" title="Operational Zone of the Adriatic Littoral">OZAK</a>, 1943–1945 <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia" title="Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia">Yugoslavia</a> (<span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Croatia_%281947%E2%80%931990%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Croatia_%281947%E2%80%931990%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Croatia_%281947%E2%80%931990%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Croatia_%281947%E2%80%931990%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Croatia_%281947%E2%80%931990%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Croatia_%281947%E2%80%931990%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Republic_of_Croatia" title="Socialist Republic of Croatia">SR Croatia</a>), 1945–1991 <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatia</a>, 1991–present </p> </blockquote> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ancient_and_Medieval_times">Ancient and Medieval times</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rijeka&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Ancient and Medieval times"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rijeka_Brama_rzymska.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Rijeka_Brama_rzymska.jpg/220px-Rijeka_Brama_rzymska.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Rijeka_Brama_rzymska.jpg/330px-Rijeka_Brama_rzymska.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Rijeka_Brama_rzymska.jpg/440px-Rijeka_Brama_rzymska.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>The Roman <a href="/wiki/Arch" title="Arch">arch</a> (Rimski luk), the oldest architectural monument in Rijeka and an entrance to the old town</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rijeka,_Croatia_-_panoramio_(9).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Rijeka%2C_Croatia_-_panoramio_%289%29.jpg/200px-Rijeka%2C_Croatia_-_panoramio_%289%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Rijeka%2C_Croatia_-_panoramio_%289%29.jpg/300px-Rijeka%2C_Croatia_-_panoramio_%289%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Rijeka%2C_Croatia_-_panoramio_%289%29.jpg/400px-Rijeka%2C_Croatia_-_panoramio_%289%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4928" data-file-height="3264" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Trsat_Castle" title="Trsat Castle">Trsat Castle</a> lies at the exact spot of an ancient Illyrian and Roman fortress.</figcaption></figure> <p>Though traces of <a href="/wiki/Neolithic" title="Neolithic">Neolithic</a> settlements can be found in the region, the earliest modern settlements on the site were <a href="/wiki/Celt" class="mw-redirect" title="Celt">Celtic</a> <b>Tharsatica</b> (modern <a href="/wiki/Trsat" title="Trsat">Trsat</a>, now part of Rijeka) on the hill, and the tribe of mariners, the <a href="/wiki/Liburni" class="mw-redirect" title="Liburni">Liburni</a>, in the natural harbour below. The city long retained its dual character. Rijeka was first mentioned in the 1st century AD by <a href="/wiki/Pliny_the_Elder" title="Pliny the Elder">Pliny the Elder</a> as Tarsatica in his <i><a href="/wiki/Natural_History_(Pliny)" title="Natural History (Pliny)">Natural History</a></i> (iii.140).<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rijeka (Tarsatica) is again mentioned around AD 150 by the Greek geographer and astronomer <a href="/wiki/Ptolemy" title="Ptolemy">Ptolemy</a> in his <a href="/wiki/Geography_(Ptolemy)" title="Geography (Ptolemy)">Geography</a> when describing the "Location of Illyria or Liburnia, and of Dalmatia" (Fifth Map of Europe).<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the time of <a href="/wiki/Augustus" title="Augustus">Augustus</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Empire" title="Roman Empire">Romans</a> rebuilt Tarsatica as a <i><a href="/wiki/Municipium" title="Municipium">municipium</a></i> <b>Flumen</b> (MacMullen 2000), situated on the right bank of the small river Rječina (whose name means "the big river"). It became a city within the Roman Province of <a href="/wiki/Dalmatia_(Roman_province)" title="Dalmatia (Roman province)">Dalmatia</a> until the 6th century. In this period the city is part of the <a href="/wiki/Liburnia" title="Liburnia">Liburnia</a> limes (system of walls and fortifications against raiding Barbarians). Remains of these walls are still visible in some places today. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rijekacitytowernight.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Rijekacitytowernight.jpg/220px-Rijekacitytowernight.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="302" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Rijekacitytowernight.jpg/330px-Rijekacitytowernight.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Rijekacitytowernight.jpg/440px-Rijekacitytowernight.jpg 2x" data-file-width="873" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Baroque" title="Baroque">Baroque</a> city clock tower above the arched gateway linking the <i>Korzo</i> to the inner city, designed by Filbert Bazarig in 1876</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rijeka_Korzo_in_July_2023.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Rijeka_Korzo_in_July_2023.jpg/220px-Rijeka_Korzo_in_July_2023.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Rijeka_Korzo_in_July_2023.jpg/330px-Rijeka_Korzo_in_July_2023.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Rijeka_Korzo_in_July_2023.jpg/440px-Rijeka_Korzo_in_July_2023.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="3648" /></a><figcaption>Main street Korzo</figcaption></figure> <p>After the 4th century Rijeka was rededicated to <a href="/wiki/St._Vitus" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Vitus">St. Vitus</a>, the city's <a href="/wiki/Patron_saint" title="Patron saint">patron saint</a>, as <i>Terra Fluminis sancti Sancti Viti</i> or in German <i>Sankt Veit am Pflaum</i>. From the 5th century onwards, the town was ruled successively by the <a href="/wiki/Ostrogoths" title="Ostrogoths">Ostrogoths</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire" title="Byzantine Empire">Byzantines</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Lombards" title="Lombards">Lombards</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Pannonian_Avars" title="Pannonian Avars">Avars</a>. The city was burned down in 452 by the troops of <a href="/wiki/Attila" title="Attila">Attila</a> the Hun as part of their <a href="/wiki/Sack_of_Aquileia" title="Sack of Aquileia">Aquileia</a> campaign.<sup id="cite_ref-Matica_Hrvatska_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Matica_Hrvatska-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Croats" title="Croats">Croats</a> settled the city starting in the 7th century giving it the Croatian name, <i>Rika svetoga Vida</i> ("the river of Saint Vitus"). At the time, Rijeka was a feudal stronghold surrounded by a wall. At the center of the city, its highest point, was a fortress. </p><p>In 799 Rijeka was attacked by the <a href="/wiki/Franks" title="Franks">Frankish</a> troops of <a href="/wiki/Charlemagne" title="Charlemagne">Charlemagne</a>. Their <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Trsat" title="Siege of Trsat">Siege of Trsat</a> was at first repulsed, during which the Frankish commander Duke <a href="/wiki/Eric_of_Friuli" title="Eric of Friuli">Eric of Friuli</a> was killed. However, the Frankish forces finally occupied and devastated the castle, while the <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Croatia" title="Duchy of Croatia">Duchy of Croatia</a> passed under the overlordship of the <a href="/wiki/Carolingian_Empire" title="Carolingian Empire">Carolingian Empire</a>. From about 925, the town was part of the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Croatia_(925%E2%80%931102)" title="Kingdom of Croatia (925–1102)">Kingdom of Croatia</a>, from 1102 <a href="/wiki/Croatia_in_the_union_with_Hungary" class="mw-redirect" title="Croatia in the union with Hungary">in personal union with Hungary</a>. Trsat Castle and the town was rebuilt under the rule of the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Frankopan" class="mw-redirect" title="House of Frankopan">House of Frankopan</a>. In 1288 the Rijeka citizens signed the <a href="/wiki/Law_codex_of_Vinodol" class="mw-redirect" title="Law codex of Vinodol">Law codex of Vinodol</a>, one of the oldest codes of law in Europe. </p><p>In the period from about 1300 to 1466 Rijeka was ruled by a number of noble families, the most prominent of which was the German <a href="/wiki/Walsee_family" class="mw-redirect" title="Walsee family">Walsee family</a>. Rijeka even rivalled <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Venice" title="Republic of Venice">Venice</a> when in it was sold by Rambert II Walsee to the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Habsburg" title="House of Habsburg">Habsburg</a> emperor <a href="/wiki/Frederick_III,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor">Frederick III</a>, <a href="/wiki/Archduchy_of_Austria" title="Archduchy of Austria">Archduke of Austria</a> in 1466. It would remain under Austrian Habsburg rule for over 450 years (except for a brief period of French rule between 1809 and 1813) until the end of <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a> in 1918 when it was occupied by Croatian and subsequently by Italian irregulars.<sup id="cite_ref-Matica_Hrvatska_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Matica_Hrvatska-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Under_Habsburg_rule">Under Habsburg rule</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rijeka&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Under Habsburg rule"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Valvasor_-_Reka.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Valvasor_-_Reka.jpg/220px-Valvasor_-_Reka.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Valvasor_-_Reka.jpg/330px-Valvasor_-_Reka.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Valvasor_-_Reka.jpg/440px-Valvasor_-_Reka.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1498" data-file-height="1006" /></a><figcaption>Rijeka and Trsat</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:RijekaRiver0.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/RijekaRiver0.jpg/220px-RijekaRiver0.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/RijekaRiver0.jpg/330px-RijekaRiver0.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/RijekaRiver0.jpg/440px-RijekaRiver0.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1087" /></a><figcaption>River <a href="/wiki/Rje%C4%8Dina" title="Rječina">Rječina</a> in city center</figcaption></figure> <p>Austrian presence on the Adriatic Sea was seen as a threat by the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Venice" title="Republic of Venice">Republic of Venice</a> and during the <a href="/wiki/War_of_the_League_of_Cambrai" title="War of the League of Cambrai">War of the League of Cambrai</a> the Venetians raided and devastated the city with great loss of life in 1508 and again in 1509. The city did however recover and remain under Austrian rule. For its fierce resistance to the Venetians it received the title of the "most loyal city" ("fidelissimum oppidium") as well as commercial privileges from the Austrian emperor <a href="/wiki/Maximilian_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor">Maximilian I</a> in 1515.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Wars_in_Europe" class="mw-redirect" title="Ottoman Wars in Europe">Ottoman</a> forces attacked the town several times, they never occupied it. From the 16th century onwards, Rijeka's present <a href="/wiki/Renaissance_architecture" title="Renaissance architecture">Renaissance</a> and <a href="/wiki/Baroque_architecture" title="Baroque architecture">Baroque</a> style started to take shape. Emperor <a href="/wiki/Charles_VI,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor">Charles VI</a> declared the <a href="/wiki/Port_of_Rijeka" title="Port of Rijeka">Port of Rijeka</a> a <a href="/wiki/Free_port" class="mw-redirect" title="Free port">free port</a> (together with the <a href="/wiki/Port_of_Trieste" title="Port of Trieste">Port of Trieste</a>) in 1719 and had the trade route to Vienna expanded in 1725. </p><p>On November 28, 1750 Rijeka was hit by a large earthquake. The devastation was so widespread that the city had to be almost completely rebuilt. In 1753, the Austrian Empress <a href="/wiki/Maria_Theresa" title="Maria Theresa">Maria Theresa</a> approved the funding for rebuilding Rijeka as a "new city" ("Civitas nova"). The rebuilt Rijeka was significantly different - it was transformed from a small medieval walled town into a larger commercial and maritime city centered around its port.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By order of Maria Theresa in 1779, the city was annexed to the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1526%E2%80%931867)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1526–1867)">Kingdom of Hungary</a> and governed as <a href="/wiki/Corpus_separatum_(Fiume)" title="Corpus separatum (Fiume)"><i>corpus separatum</i></a> directly from Budapest by an appointed governor, as Hungary's only international port. From 1804, Rijeka was part of the <a href="/wiki/Austrian_Empire" title="Austrian Empire">Austrian Empire</a> (<a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Croatia-Slavonia" title="Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia">Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia</a> after the <a href="/wiki/Compromise_of_1867" class="mw-redirect" title="Compromise of 1867">Compromise of 1867</a>), in the Croatia-Slavonia province.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the <a href="/wiki/Napoleonic_Wars" title="Napoleonic Wars">Napoleonic Wars</a>, Rijeka was briefly captured by the <a href="/wiki/First_French_Empire" title="First French Empire">French Empire</a> and included in the <a href="/wiki/Illyrian_Provinces" title="Illyrian Provinces">Illyrian Provinces</a>. During the French rule, between 1809 and 1813, the critically important <a href="/wiki/Louisiana_road_(Croatia)" title="Louisiana road (Croatia)">Louisiana road</a> was completed (named after <a href="/wiki/Napoleon" title="Napoleon">Napoleon's</a> wife <a href="/wiki/Marie_Louise,_Duchess_of_Parma" title="Marie Louise, Duchess of Parma">Marie Louise</a>). The road was the shortest route from Rijeka to the interior (<a href="/wiki/Karlovac" title="Karlovac">Karlovac</a>) and gave a strong impulse to the development of Rijeka's port. In 1813 the French rule came to an end when Rijeka was first bombarded by the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Navy" title="Royal Navy">Royal Navy</a> and later re-captured by the Austrians under the command of the Irish general <a href="/wiki/Laval_Nugent_von_Westmeath" title="Laval Nugent von Westmeath">Laval Nugent von Westmeath</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The British bombardment has an interesting side story. The city was apparently saved from annihilation by a young lady named Karolina Belinić who - amid the chaos and destruction of the bombardment - went to the English fleet commander and convinced him that further bombardment of the city was unnecessary (the small French garrison was quickly defeated and left the city). The legend of Karolina is warmly remembered by the population even today. She became a folk hero Karolina Riječka (Caroline of Rijeka) and has been celebrated in plays, movies and even in a rock opera.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the early 19th century, the most prominent economical and cultural leader of the city was <a href="/wiki/Andrija_Ljudevit_Adami%C4%87" title="Andrija Ljudevit Adamić">Andrija Ljudevit Adamić</a>. Fiume also had a significant naval base, and in the mid-19th century it became the site of the Austro-Hungarian Naval Academy (K.u.K. Marine-Akademie), where the <a href="/wiki/Austro-Hungarian_Navy" title="Austro-Hungarian Navy">Austro-Hungarian Navy</a> trained its officers. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hungarian_Crown">Hungarian Crown</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rijeka&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Hungarian Crown"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During the <a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Revolution_of_1848" title="Hungarian Revolution of 1848">Hungarian revolution of 1848</a>, when Hungary tried to gain independence from Austria, Rijeka was captured by the Croatian troops (loyal to Austria) commanded by <a href="/wiki/Ban_of_Croatia" title="Ban of Croatia">Ban</a> <a href="/wiki/Josip_Jela%C4%8Di%C4%87" title="Josip Jelačić">Josip Jelačić</a>. The city was then annexed directly to Croatia, although it did keep a degree of autonomy.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Giovanni_de_Ciotta" title="Giovanni de Ciotta">Giovanni de Ciotta</a> (mayor from 1872 to 1896) proved to be an authoritative local political leader. Under his leadership, an impressive phase of expansion of the city started, marked by major port development, fuelled by the general expansion of international trade and the city's connection (1873) to the Austro-Hungarian railway network. Modern industrial and commercial enterprises such as the Royal Hungarian Sea Navigation Company "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Adria,_Rijeka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Adria, Rijeka (page does not exist)">Adria</a>", a rival shipping company the Ungaro-Croata (established in 1891) and the Smith and Meynier paper mill (which operated the first steam engine in south-east Europe), situated in the Rječina canyon, producing cigarette paper sold around the world. </p><p>The second half of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century (up to World War I) was a period of great prosperity, rapid economic growth and technological dynamism for Rijeka. Many authors and witnesses describe Rijeka of this time as a rich, tolerant, well-to-do town which offered a good standard of living, with endless possibilities for making one's fortune. The Pontifical Delegate Celso Costantini noted in his diary "the religious indifference and apathy of the town". The further industrial development of the city included the first industrial scale oil refinery in Europe in 1882<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the first <a href="/wiki/Torpedo" title="Torpedo">torpedo</a> factory in the world in 1866, after <a href="/wiki/Robert_Whitehead" title="Robert Whitehead">Robert Whitehead</a>, manager of the "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Stabilimento_Tecnico_Fiumano&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stabilimento Tecnico Fiumano (page does not exist)">Stabilimento Tecnico Fiumano</a>" (an Austrian engineering company engaged in providing engines for the Austro-Hungarian Navy), designed and successfully tested the world's first torpedo. In addition to the Whitehead torpedo factory, which opened in 1874, the oil refinery (1882) and the paper mill, many other industrial and commercial enterprises were established or expanded in these years. These include a rice husking and starch factory (one of the largest in the world), a wood and furniture company, a wheat elevator and mill, the Ganz-Danubius shipbuilding industries, a cocoa and chocolate factory, a brick factory, a tobacco factory (the largest in the Monarchy), a cognac distillery, a pasta factory, the Ossoinack barrel and chest factory, a large tannery, five foundries and many others.<sup id="cite_ref-fried2020_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fried2020-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the beginning of the 20th century more than half of the industrial capacity in Croatia (which was at that time mostly agrarian) was located in Rijeka.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Rijeka's Austro-Hungarian Marine Academy became a pioneering centre for <a href="/wiki/High-speed_photography" title="High-speed photography">high-speed photography</a>. The Austrian physicist Peter Salcher working in the Academy took the first photograph of a bullet flying at supersonic speed in 1886, devising a technique that was later used by <a href="/wiki/Ernst_Mach" title="Ernst Mach">Ernst Mach</a> in his studies of supersonic motion.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Casa_Veneziana_Rijeka.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Casa_Veneziana_Rijeka.jpg/220px-Casa_Veneziana_Rijeka.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Casa_Veneziana_Rijeka.jpg/330px-Casa_Veneziana_Rijeka.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Casa_Veneziana_Rijeka.jpg/440px-Casa_Veneziana_Rijeka.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3811" data-file-height="2660" /></a><figcaption>Casa Veneziana in Rijeka</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Church_at_Dusk_in_Rijeka,_Croatia_2011.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Church_at_Dusk_in_Rijeka%2C_Croatia_2011.jpg/220px-Church_at_Dusk_in_Rijeka%2C_Croatia_2011.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Church_at_Dusk_in_Rijeka%2C_Croatia_2011.jpg/330px-Church_at_Dusk_in_Rijeka%2C_Croatia_2011.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Church_at_Dusk_in_Rijeka%2C_Croatia_2011.jpg/440px-Church_at_Dusk_in_Rijeka%2C_Croatia_2011.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="3888" /></a><figcaption>Leaning Tower</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rijeka_Saint_Vitus_cathedral_front.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Rijeka_Saint_Vitus_cathedral_front.jpg/220px-Rijeka_Saint_Vitus_cathedral_front.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Rijeka_Saint_Vitus_cathedral_front.jpg/330px-Rijeka_Saint_Vitus_cathedral_front.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Rijeka_Saint_Vitus_cathedral_front.jpg/440px-Rijeka_Saint_Vitus_cathedral_front.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3370" data-file-height="2500" /></a><figcaption>Saint Vitus cathedral</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jadrolinija_Palaca_Jadran_Rijeka2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Jadrolinija_Palaca_Jadran_Rijeka2.jpg/220px-Jadrolinija_Palaca_Jadran_Rijeka2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Jadrolinija_Palaca_Jadran_Rijeka2.jpg/330px-Jadrolinija_Palaca_Jadran_Rijeka2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Jadrolinija_Palaca_Jadran_Rijeka2.jpg/440px-Jadrolinija_Palaca_Jadran_Rijeka2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2877" data-file-height="2004" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Jadrolinija" title="Jadrolinija">Jadrolinija</a> headquarters</figcaption></figure> <p>Rijeka's port underwent tremendous development fuelled by generous Hungarian investments, becoming the main maritime outlet for Hungary and the eastern part of the <a href="/wiki/Austro-Hungarian_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Austro-Hungarian Empire">Austro-Hungarian Empire</a>. By 1913–14, the port of Fiume became the tenth-busiest port in Europe.<sup id="cite_ref-fried2020_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fried2020-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The population grew rapidly from only 21,000 in 1880 to 50,000 in 1910. Major civic buildings constructed at this time include the Governor's Palace, designed by the Hungarian architect <a href="/wiki/Alajos_Hauszmann" title="Alajos Hauszmann">Alajos Hauszmann</a>. There was an ongoing competition between Rijeka and Trieste, the main maritime outlet for Austria—reflecting the rivalry between the two components of the Dual Monarchy. The Austro-Hungarian Navy sought to keep the balance by ordering new warships from the shipyards of both cities. </p><p>During this period<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers"><span title="To which period does this refer to? Every single census shows that in the early and mid-19th century Rijeka had a Croat majority. (May 2023)">when?</span></a></i>]</sup> the city had an Italian majority.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Accuracy_dispute#Disputed_statement" title="Wikipedia:Accuracy dispute"><span title="The material near this tag is possibly inaccurate or nonfactual. (May 2023)">dubious</span></a> – <a href="/wiki/Talk:Rijeka#Dubious" title="Talk:Rijeka">discuss</a></i>]</sup> According to the census of 1880, in Rijeka there were 9,076 Italians, 7,991 Croats, 895 Germans and 383 Hungarians.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some historians claim that the city had a Slavic majority at the beginning of the 19th century, because the 1851 census reported a Croatian majority. However, this census is considered not very reliable by Italian historians.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint noexcerpt Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:NOTRS" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:NOTRS"><span title="The current source is insufficiently reliable (WP:NOTRS). (May 2023)">better source needed</span></a></i>]</sup> At the last Austro-Hungarian census in 1910, the <i>corpus separatum</i> had a population of 49,806 people and was composed of the following linguistic communities:<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <td><b>Languages in 1911</b></td> <td>49,806 inhabitants</td> <td>(100%) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">Italian</a></td> <td>23,283</td> <td>(46.9%) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Croatian_language" title="Croatian language">Croatian</a></td> <td>15,731</td> <td>(31.7%) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Slovenian_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Slovenian language">Slovenian</a></td> <td>3,937</td> <td>(7.9%) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_language" title="Hungarian language">Hungarian</a></td> <td>3,619</td> <td>(7.3%) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a></td> <td>2,476</td> <td>(5.0%) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a></td> <td>202</td> <td>(0.4%) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Czech_language" title="Czech language">Czech</a></td> <td>183</td> <td>(0.3%) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Serbian_language" title="Serbian language">Serbian</a></td> <td>70</td> <td>(0.14%) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a></td> <td>40</td> <td>(0.08%) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Polish_language" title="Polish language">Polish</a></td> <td>36</td> <td>(0.07%) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Romanian_language" title="Romanian language">Romanian</a></td> <td>29</td> <td>(0.06%) </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>By religion, the census of 1910 indicates that - from the total of 49,806 inhabitants - there were 45,130 <a href="/wiki/Catholics" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholics">Catholics</a>, 1,696 <a href="/wiki/Jewish" class="mw-redirect" title="Jewish">Jewish</a>, 1,123 <a href="/wiki/Calvinist" class="mw-redirect" title="Calvinist">Calvinist</a>, 995 <a href="/wiki/Eastern_orthodox" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern orthodox">Orthodox</a> and 311 <a href="/wiki/Lutheran" class="mw-redirect" title="Lutheran">Lutheran</a>. The Jewish population expanded rapidly, particularly in the 1870s-1880s, and built a <a href="/wiki/Rijeka_Synagogue" title="Rijeka Synagogue">large synagogue</a> in 1907 (which would be destroyed in 1944, during the German occupation, concurrent with the murder of most of the city's Jewish residents). On the eve of WWI, there were 165 inns, 10 hotels with restaurants, 17 cafés, 17 jewellers, 37 barbers and 265 tailor shops in Rijeka.<sup id="cite_ref-fried2020_23-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fried2020-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1248256098">@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery{width:100%!important}}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery{display:table}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-default{background:transparent;margin-top:4px}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-center{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-left{float:left}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-right{float:right}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-none{float:none}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-collapsible{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .title,.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .main,.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .footer{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .title>div{display:table-cell;padding:0 4px 4px;text-align:center;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .main>div{display:table-cell}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .gallery{line-height:1.35em}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .footer>div{display:table-cell;padding:4px;text-align:right;font-size:85%;line-height:1em}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .title>div *,.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .footer>div *{overflow:visible}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .gallerybox img{background:none!important}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .bordered-images .thumb img{border:solid var(--background-color-neutral,#eaecf0)1px}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .whitebg .thumb{background:var(--background-color-base,#fff)!important}</style><div class="mod-gallery mod-gallery-default mod-gallery-center"><div class="title"><div>Rijeka in early 20th century</div></div><div class="main"><div><ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed nochecker bordered-images whitebg"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 282px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 280px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Rijeka_tram_old_(3).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Tram in Rijeka, L. Kossuth Street, c.1910"><img alt="Tram in Rijeka, L. Kossuth Street, c.1910" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Rijeka_tram_old_%283%29.jpg/420px-Rijeka_tram_old_%283%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="280" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Rijeka_tram_old_%283%29.jpg/630px-Rijeka_tram_old_%283%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/de/Rijeka_tram_old_%283%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="759" data-file-height="488" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Trams_in_Rijeka" title="Trams in Rijeka">Tram in Rijeka</a>, L. Kossuth Street, c.1910</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 135.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 133.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Fiume1900-Roman_Arch.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Rijeka, Roman Arch in the Old City, c.1900"><img alt="Rijeka, Roman Arch in the Old City, c.1900" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Fiume1900-Roman_Arch.jpg/200px-Fiume1900-Roman_Arch.jpg" decoding="async" width="134" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Fiume1900-Roman_Arch.jpg/300px-Fiume1900-Roman_Arch.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Fiume1900-Roman_Arch.jpg/401px-Fiume1900-Roman_Arch.jpg 2x" data-file-width="760" data-file-height="1024" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Rijeka, Roman Arch in the Old City, c.1900</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 242px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 240px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Fiume1900-Harbor.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Rijeka Harbor, c.1900"><img alt="Rijeka Harbor, c.1900" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Fiume1900-Harbor.jpg/360px-Fiume1900-Harbor.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Fiume1900-Harbor.jpg/539px-Fiume1900-Harbor.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Fiume1900-Harbor.jpg/719px-Fiume1900-Harbor.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="769" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Rijeka Harbor, c.1900</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 238px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 236px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Fiume1900-3.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Rijeka - Corso, c. 1900"><img alt="Rijeka - Corso, c. 1900" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Fiume1900-3.jpg/354px-Fiume1900-3.jpg" decoding="async" width="236" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Fiume1900-3.jpg/530px-Fiume1900-3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Fiume1900-3.jpg/707px-Fiume1900-3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="782" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Rijeka - Corso, c. 1900</div> </li> </ul></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="World_War_I">World War I</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rijeka&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: World War I"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Torpedo_production_in_Rijeka.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Torpedo_production_in_Rijeka.jpg/220px-Torpedo_production_in_Rijeka.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Torpedo_production_in_Rijeka.jpg/330px-Torpedo_production_in_Rijeka.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Torpedo_production_in_Rijeka.jpg/440px-Torpedo_production_in_Rijeka.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1582" data-file-height="1048" /></a><figcaption>Torpedo production in Rijeka, c. 1914</figcaption></figure> <p>World War I put an end to Rijeka's "golden era" of peace, stability and rapid economic growth. The city would never quite recover to the same level of prosperity. Initially there was a semblance of normalcy (the city was far from the frontlines), however - a growing part of the male population started to be mobilized by the army and the navy. The city's war-related industries continued to work full steam and contributed significantly to the Austro-Hungarian war effort, especially to the navy. The shipyard <a href="/wiki/Ganz_Works" title="Ganz Works">Ganz-Danubius</a> produced a number of warships and submarines like the <a href="/wiki/U-27-class_submarine_(Austria-Hungary)" title="U-27-class submarine (Austria-Hungary)">U-27-class submarines</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Novara-class_cruiser" title="Novara-class cruiser">Novara-class cruisers</a>, the large battleship <a href="/wiki/SMS_Szent_Istv%C3%A1n" title="SMS Szent István">SMS Szent István</a> and others. In total, between the early 1900s and 1918 the city's shipyards produced 1 battleship, 2 cruisers, 20 destroyers, 32 torpedo boats and 15 submarines for the navy.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rijeka was also the main center for the production of torpedoes. However, a lot changed with the war becoming a protracted conflict and especially with the <a href="/wiki/Italian_entry_into_World_War_I" title="Italian entry into World War I">Italian declaration of war on Austria-Hungary</a> in May 1915. This opened a <a href="/wiki/Italian_front_(World_War_I)" title="Italian front (World War I)">frontline</a> only 90 km from the city and caused a pervasive sense of anxiety among the large Italian population. Several hundred Italians, considered disloyal (enemy non-combatants) by the authorities, were deported to camps in Hungary (<a href="/wiki/S%C3%BClys%C3%A1p" title="Sülysáp">Tápiósüly</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kiskunhalas" title="Kiskunhalas">Kiskunhalas</a>), where many died of malnutrition and diseases. The torpedo factory was attacked by the Italian <a href="/wiki/Rigid_airship" title="Rigid airship">airship</a> "Citta` di Novara" in 1915 (later shot down by Austrian hydroplanes) and suffered damages. As a consequence - most of the torpedo production was moved to <a href="/wiki/Sankt_P%C3%B6lten" title="Sankt Pölten">Sankt Pölten</a> in Austria, further away from the frontlines. The city was again attacked by Italian airplanes in 1916 and suffered minor damage. The Naval Academy ceased its activities and was converted to a war hospital (the ex-naval academy buildings are still housing the city hospital to this day). On 10 February 1918 the Italian navy <a href="/wiki/Bakar_mockery" title="Bakar mockery">raided the nearby bay of Bakar</a> causing little material damage but achieving a significant propaganda effect. As the war dragged on, the city's economy and the living standard of the population deteriorated rapidly. Due to a <a href="/wiki/Otranto_Barrage" title="Otranto Barrage">maritime blockade</a>, the port traffic suffered a collapse - from 2,892.538 tons in 1913 (before the war) to only 330.313 tons in 1918. Many factories - lacking manpower and/or raw materials - reduced the production or simply closed. Shortages of food and other basic necessities became widespread. Even public safety became a problem with an increase in the number of thefts, violent incidents and war profiteering.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The crisis escalated on October 23, 1918, when the Croatian troops stationed in Rijeka (79th regiment) mutinied and temporarily took control of the city.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-fried2020_23-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fried2020-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Amid growing chaos, the <a href="/wiki/Dissolution_of_Austria-Hungary" title="Dissolution of Austria-Hungary">Austro-Hungarian empire dissolved</a> a few weeks later, on November 12, 1918, starting a long period of instability and uncertainty for the city. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_"Fiume_Question"_and_the_Italian-Yugoslav_dispute"><span id="The_.22Fiume_Question.22_and_the_Italian-Yugoslav_dispute"></span>The "Fiume Question" and the Italian-Yugoslav dispute</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rijeka&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: The "Fiume Question" and the Italian-Yugoslav dispute"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Fiume_Question" class="mw-redirect" title="Fiume Question">Fiume Question</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fiume_cheering_D%27Annunzio.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Fiume_cheering_D%27Annunzio.jpg/220px-Fiume_cheering_D%27Annunzio.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Fiume_cheering_D%27Annunzio.jpg/330px-Fiume_cheering_D%27Annunzio.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Fiume_cheering_D%27Annunzio.jpg/440px-Fiume_cheering_D%27Annunzio.jpg 2x" data-file-width="582" data-file-height="361" /></a><figcaption>Residents of <a href="/wiki/Fiume" class="mw-redirect" title="Fiume">Fiume</a> cheering the arrival of <a href="/wiki/Impresa_di_Fiume" class="mw-redirect" title="Impresa di Fiume">Gabriele D'Annunzio and his <i>Legionari</i></a> in September 1919, when Fiume had 22,488 (62% of the population) Italians in a total population of 35,839 inhabitants.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ka%C5%A1tel_Trsat,_ju%C5%BEne_zidine_s_ulazom.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Ka%C5%A1tel_Trsat%2C_ju%C5%BEne_zidine_s_ulazom.jpg/220px-Ka%C5%A1tel_Trsat%2C_ju%C5%BEne_zidine_s_ulazom.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Ka%C5%A1tel_Trsat%2C_ju%C5%BEne_zidine_s_ulazom.jpg/330px-Ka%C5%A1tel_Trsat%2C_ju%C5%BEne_zidine_s_ulazom.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Ka%C5%A1tel_Trsat%2C_ju%C5%BEne_zidine_s_ulazom.jpg/440px-Ka%C5%A1tel_Trsat%2C_ju%C5%BEne_zidine_s_ulazom.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption>Trsat castle, south</figcaption></figure> <p>Habsburg-ruled Austria-Hungary's disintegration in October 1918 during the closing weeks of World War I led to the establishment of rival Croatian-Serbian and Italian administrations in the city; both Italy and the founders of the new <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_the_Serbs,_Croats_and_Slovenes" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of the Serbs, Croats and Slovenes">Kingdom of the Serbs, Croats and Slovenes</a> (later the Kingdom of Yugoslavia) claimed sovereignty based on their "<a href="/wiki/Irredentist" class="mw-redirect" title="Irredentist">irredentist</a>" ("unredeemed") ethnic populations. </p> <div class="thumb tright"> <div class="thumbinner" style="width: 222px;"> <div class="thumbimage" style="width: 220px; height: 118px; overflow: hidden;"> <div style="position: relative; top: -120px; left: -0px; width: 220px"><div class="noresize"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:FIU-S108-Free_State_of_Fiume_(Provisional)-10_Kronen_(1920).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="10 Fiume krone provisional banknote (1920)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/FIU-S108-Free_State_of_Fiume_%28Provisional%29-10_Kronen_%281920%29.jpg/220px-FIU-S108-Free_State_of_Fiume_%28Provisional%29-10_Kronen_%281920%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="240" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/FIU-S108-Free_State_of_Fiume_%28Provisional%29-10_Kronen_%281920%29.jpg/330px-FIU-S108-Free_State_of_Fiume_%28Provisional%29-10_Kronen_%281920%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/FIU-S108-Free_State_of_Fiume_%28Provisional%29-10_Kronen_%281920%29.jpg/440px-FIU-S108-Free_State_of_Fiume_%28Provisional%29-10_Kronen_%281920%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4996" data-file-height="5449" /></a></span></div></div> </div> <div class="thumbcaption"> <div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:FIU-S108-Free_State_of_Fiume_(Provisional)-10_Kronen_(1920).jpg" title="File:FIU-S108-Free State of Fiume (Provisional)-10 Kronen (1920).jpg"> </a></div><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">10 <a href="/wiki/Fiume_krone" title="Fiume krone">Fiume krone</a> provisional banknote (1920)</div> </div> </div> </div> <p>After a brief military occupation by the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, followed by the unilateral annexation of the former Corpus Separatum by Belgrade, an international force of British, Italian, French and American troops entered the city in November 1918. Its future became a major <a href="/wiki/Adriatic_Question" class="mw-redirect" title="Adriatic Question">barrier to agreement</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Paris_Peace_Conference,_1919" class="mw-redirect" title="Paris Peace Conference, 1919">Paris Peace Conference</a> of 1919. The US president Wilson even proposed to make Rijeka a free city and the headquarters of the newly formed <a href="/wiki/League_of_Nations" title="League of Nations">League of Nations</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Free_State_of_Fiume_1920-1924.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Free_State_of_Fiume_1920-1924.png/220px-Free_State_of_Fiume_1920-1924.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="121" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7d/Free_State_of_Fiume_1920-1924.png 1.5x" data-file-width="251" data-file-height="138" /></a><figcaption>Location of the <a href="/wiki/Free_State_of_Fiume" title="Free State of Fiume">Free State of Fiume</a> (1920–1924)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:JadranskiTrgRijeka2.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/JadranskiTrgRijeka2.png/220px-JadranskiTrgRijeka2.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/JadranskiTrgRijeka2.png/330px-JadranskiTrgRijeka2.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/JadranskiTrgRijeka2.png/440px-JadranskiTrgRijeka2.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption>Adriatic Square and Adria Palace</figcaption></figure> <p>The main problem arose from the fact that Rijeka was not assigned either to Italy or to Croatia (now Yugoslavia) in the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_London_(1915)" title="Treaty of London (1915)">Treaty of London</a> which defined the post-war borders in the area. It remained assigned to Austria-Hungary because - until the very end of WWI - it was assumed that the Austro-Hungarian empire would survive WWI in some form and Rijeka was to become its only seaport (Trieste was to be annexed by Italy). However, once the empire disintegrated, the status of the city became disputed. Italy based its claim on the fact that Italians comprised the largest single nationality within the city (46.9% of the total population). Croats made up most of the remainder and were a majority in the surrounding area.<sup id="cite_ref-A.J.P._Taylor_1918_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-A.J.P._Taylor_1918-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Andrea_Ossoinack" title="Andrea Ossoinack">Andrea Ossoinack</a>, who had been the last delegate from Fiume to the Hungarian Parliament, was admitted to the conference as a representative of Fiume, and essentially supported the Italian claims. Nevertheless, at this point the city had had for years a strong and very active Autonomist Party seeking for Rijeka a special independent status among nations as a multicultural Adriatic city. This movement even had its delegate at the Paris peace conference - Ruggero Gotthardi. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Regency_of_Carnaro">The Regency of Carnaro</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rijeka&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: The Regency of Carnaro"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Italian_Regency_of_Carnaro" title="Italian Regency of Carnaro">Italian Regency of Carnaro</a></div> <p>On 10 September 1919, the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Saint-Germain-en-Laye_(1919)" title="Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye (1919)">Treaty of Saint-Germain</a> was signed, declaring the Austro-Hungarian monarchy dissolved. Negotiations over the future of the city were interrupted two days later when a force of Italian nationalist irregulars led by the poet <a href="/wiki/Gabriele_D%27Annunzio" title="Gabriele D'Annunzio">Gabriele D'Annunzio</a> captured the city.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Because the Italian government, wishing to respect its international obligations, did not want to annex Fiume, D'Annunzio and the intellectuals at his side eventually established an independent state, the <a href="/wiki/Italian_Regency_of_Carnaro" title="Italian Regency of Carnaro">Italian Regency of Carnaro</a>, a unique social experiment for the age and a revolutionary cultural experience in which various international intellectuals of diverse walks of life took part (like <a href="/wiki/Osbert_Sitwell" title="Osbert Sitwell">Osbert Sitwell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arturo_Toscanini" title="Arturo Toscanini">Arturo Toscanini</a>, <a href="/wiki/Henry_Furst" title="Henry Furst">Henry Furst</a>, <a href="/wiki/Filippo_Tommaso_Marinetti" title="Filippo Tommaso Marinetti">Filippo Tommaso Marinetti</a>, <a href="/wiki/Harukichi_Shimoi" title="Harukichi Shimoi">Harukichi Shimoi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Guglielmo_Marconi" title="Guglielmo Marconi">Guglielmo Marconi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alceste_De_Ambris" title="Alceste De Ambris">Alceste De Ambris</a>, <a href="/wiki/Whitney_Warren" title="Whitney Warren">Whitney Warren</a> and Léon Kochnitzky).<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Among the many political experiments that took place during this experience, D'Annunzio and his men undertook a first attempt to establish a movement of non-aligned nations in the so-called <a href="/wiki/League_of_Fiume" title="League of Fiume">League of Fiume</a>, an organisation antithetic to the Wilsonian League of Nations, which it saw as a means of perpetuating a corrupt and imperialist <i>status quo</i>. The organisation was aiming primarily at helping all oppressed nationalities in their struggle for political dignity and recognition, establishing links with many movements on various continents, but it never found the necessary external support and its main legacy remains today the Regency of Carnaro's recognition of <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Soviet Russia">Soviet Russia</a>, the first state in the world to have done so.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Granica_izme%C4%91u_Rijeke_i_Su%C5%A1aka_1937.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Granica_izme%C4%91u_Rijeke_i_Su%C5%A1aka_1937.JPG/220px-Granica_izme%C4%91u_Rijeke_i_Su%C5%A1aka_1937.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Granica_izme%C4%91u_Rijeke_i_Su%C5%A1aka_1937.JPG/330px-Granica_izme%C4%91u_Rijeke_i_Su%C5%A1aka_1937.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Granica_izme%C4%91u_Rijeke_i_Su%C5%A1aka_1937.JPG/440px-Granica_izme%C4%91u_Rijeke_i_Su%C5%A1aka_1937.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1373" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption>Fiume (Rijeka) in 1937</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Union_(Italy)" title="Liberal Union (Italy)">Liberal</a> <a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Giolitti" title="Giovanni Giolitti">Giovanni Giolitti</a> became Premier of Italy again in June 1920; this signalled a hardening of official attitudes to D'Annunzio's <i>coup</i>. On 12 November, Italy and Yugoslavia concluded the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Rapallo_(1920)" title="Treaty of Rapallo (1920)">Treaty of Rapallo</a>, which envisaged Fiume becoming an independent state, the <a href="/wiki/Free_State_of_Fiume" title="Free State of Fiume">Free State of Fiume</a>, under a government acceptable to both powers.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> D'Annunzio's response was characteristically flamboyant and of doubtful judgment: his declaration of war against Italy invited the bombardment by Italian royal forces which led to his surrender of the city at the end of the year, after five days' resistance (known as <a href="/wiki/Bloody_Christmas_(1920)" title="Bloody Christmas (1920)">Bloody Christmas</a>). Italian troops freed the city from D'Annunzio's militias in the last days of December 1920. After a world war and additional two years of economic paralysis the city economy was nearing collapse and the population was exhausted. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Free_State_of_Fiume">The Free State of Fiume</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rijeka&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: The Free State of Fiume"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Free_State_of_Fiume" title="Free State of Fiume">Free State of Fiume</a></div> <p>In a subsequent democratic election the Fiuman electorate on 24 April 1921 approved the idea of a free state of Fiume-Rijeka with a Fiuman-Italo-Yugoslav consortium ownership structure for the port, giving an overwhelming victory to the independentist candidates of the Autonomist Party. Fiume became consequently a full-fledged member of the League of Nations and the ensuing election of Rijeka's first president, <a href="/wiki/Riccardo_Zanella" title="Riccardo Zanella">Riccardo Zanella</a>, was met with official recognition and greetings from all major powers and countries worldwide. Despite many positive developments leading to the establishment of the new state's structures, the subsequent formation of a <a href="/wiki/Constituent_assembly" title="Constituent assembly">constituent assembly</a> for the state did not put an end to strife within the city. A brief Italian nationalist seizure of power ended with the intervention of an Italian royal commissioner, and another short-lived peace was interrupted by a local Fascist putsch in March 1922 which ended with a third Italian intervention to restore the previous order. Seven months later the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy" title="Kingdom of Italy">Kingdom of Italy</a> itself fell under Fascist rule and Fiume's fate was therefore sealed, the <a href="/wiki/National_Fascist_Party" title="National Fascist Party">Italian Fascist Party</a> being among the strongest proponents of the annexation of Fiume to Italy. The Free State of Fiume thus was to officially become the first country victim of fascist expansionism. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Capuchin_church_palace_Ploche_Rijeka_Croatia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Capuchin_church_palace_Ploche_Rijeka_Croatia.jpg/220px-Capuchin_church_palace_Ploche_Rijeka_Croatia.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Capuchin_church_palace_Ploche_Rijeka_Croatia.jpg/330px-Capuchin_church_palace_Ploche_Rijeka_Croatia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Capuchin_church_palace_Ploche_Rijeka_Croatia.jpg/440px-Capuchin_church_palace_Ploche_Rijeka_Croatia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption>Capuchin Church of Our Lady of Lourdes</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_territory_of_Fiume_part_of_the_Kingdom_of_Italy">The territory of Fiume part of the Kingdom of Italy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rijeka&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: The territory of Fiume part of the Kingdom of Italy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The period of diplomatic acrimony was closed by the bilateral <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Rome_(1924)" title="Treaty of Rome (1924)">Treaty of Rome</a> (27 January 1924), signed by Italy and Yugoslavia. With it the two neighbouring countries agreed to partition the territory of the small state. Most of the old Corpus Separatum territory became part of Italy, while a few Croatian/Slovenian-speaking villages to the north of the city were annexed by Yugoslavia.<sup id="cite_ref-Benedetti_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Benedetti-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The annexation happened de facto on 16 March 1924, and it inaugurated about twenty years of Italian government for the city proper, to the detriment of the Croatian minority, which fell victim of discrimination and targeted assimilation policies. </p><p> The city became the seat of the newly formed <a href="/wiki/Province_of_Fiume" title="Province of Fiume">Province of Fiume</a>. In this period Fiume lost its commercial hinterland and thus part of its economic potential as it became a border town with little strategic importance for the Kingdom of Italy. However, since it retained the Free Port status and its iconic image in the nation-building myth, it gained many economic concessions and subsidies from the government in Rome. These included a separate tax treatment from the rest of Italy and a continuous inflow of investments from the Italian state (although not as generous as previous Hungarian ones). The city regained a good level of economic prosperity and was much richer than the surrounding Yugoslav lands, but the economic and demographic growth slowed down if compared to the previous Austro-Hungarian period.</p><ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 255px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 250px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Fiume-Stemma_(1924-1945).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Coat of Arms in use during the italian domain of the city, approved in 1935[42]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Fiume-Stemma_%281924-1945%29.svg/68px-Fiume-Stemma_%281924-1945%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="68" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Fiume-Stemma_%281924-1945%29.svg/103px-Fiume-Stemma_%281924-1945%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Fiume-Stemma_%281924-1945%29.svg/137px-Fiume-Stemma_%281924-1945%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="897" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 255px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 250px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Fiume_(1924-1945).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Fiume_%281924-1945%29.svg/180px-Flag_of_Fiume_%281924-1945%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Fiume_%281924-1945%29.svg/271px-Flag_of_Fiume_%281924-1945%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Fiume_%281924-1945%29.svg/361px-Flag_of_Fiume_%281924-1945%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 255px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 250px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Fiume_(1924-1945,_Variant).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Varinate della Bandiera con lo stemma[2]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Fiume_%281924-1945%2C_Variant%29.svg/180px-Flag_of_Fiume_%281924-1945%2C_Variant%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Fiume_%281924-1945%2C_Variant%29.svg/271px-Flag_of_Fiume_%281924-1945%2C_Variant%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Fiume_%281924-1945%2C_Variant%29.svg/361px-Flag_of_Fiume_%281924-1945%2C_Variant%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="World_War_II_and_the_German_Operational_Zone">World War II and the German Operational Zone</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rijeka&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: World War II and the German Operational Zone"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fiume_(Rijeka)_bombing_by_RAF_in_1944.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Fiume_%28Rijeka%29_bombing_by_RAF_in_1944.jpg/220px-Fiume_%28Rijeka%29_bombing_by_RAF_in_1944.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Fiume_%28Rijeka%29_bombing_by_RAF_in_1944.jpg/330px-Fiume_%28Rijeka%29_bombing_by_RAF_in_1944.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Fiume_%28Rijeka%29_bombing_by_RAF_in_1944.jpg/440px-Fiume_%28Rijeka%29_bombing_by_RAF_in_1944.jpg 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="327" /></a><figcaption>Rijeka under aerial bombardment by the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Air_Force" title="Royal Air Force">Royal Air Force</a>, 1944</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rijeka_market_trznica.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Rijeka_market_trznica.jpg/220px-Rijeka_market_trznica.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Rijeka_market_trznica.jpg/330px-Rijeka_market_trznica.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Rijeka_market_trznica.jpg/440px-Rijeka_market_trznica.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1250" data-file-height="960" /></a><figcaption>Market</figcaption></figure> <p>At the beginning of World War II Rijeka immediately found itself in an awkward position. The city's largest demographic was Italian followed by Croatian constituting most of the remainder, but its immediate surroundings and the city of Sušak, just across the Rječina river (today a part of Rijeka proper) were inhabited almost exclusively by Croatians and part of a potentially hostile power—<a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Yugoslavia" title="Kingdom of Yugoslavia">Yugoslavia</a>. Once the <a href="/wiki/Axis_powers" title="Axis powers">Axis powers</a> <a href="/wiki/Invasion_of_Yugoslavia" title="Invasion of Yugoslavia">invaded Yugoslavia</a> in April 1941, the Croatian areas surrounding the city were occupied by the Italian military, setting the stage for an intense and bloody insurgency which would last until the end of the war. <a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_Partisans" title="Yugoslav Partisans">Partisan</a> activity included guerrilla-style attacks on isolated positions or supply columns, sabotage and killings of civilians believed to be connected to the Italian and (later) German authorities. This, in turn, was met by stiff reprisals from the Italian and German military. On 14 July 1942, in reprisal for the killing of four civilians of Italian origin by Partisans, the Italian military killed 100 men from the suburban village of Podhum, resettling the remaining 800 people to concentration camps.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After the <a href="/wiki/Armistice_of_Cassibile" title="Armistice of Cassibile">surrender of Italy to the Allies</a> in September 1943, Rijeka and the surrounding territories were occupied and annexed by Germany, becoming part of the <a href="/wiki/Operational_Zone_of_the_Adriatic_Littoral" title="Operational Zone of the Adriatic Littoral">Adriatic Littoral Zone</a>. Partisan activity continued and intensified. On 30 April 1944, in the nearby village of Lipa, German troops killed 263 civilians in reprisal for the killing of several soldiers during a Partisan attack.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The German and Italian occupiers and their local collaborators deported some 80 percent of the city's roughly 500 Jews to <a href="/wiki/Auschwitz" class="mw-redirect" title="Auschwitz">Auschwitz</a>. A larger proportion of Rijeka's Jewish population was murdered in the Holocaust than that of any other city in Italian territory.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Zgrada_Transadrie_120409.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Zgrada_Transadrie_120409.jpg/220px-Zgrada_Transadrie_120409.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="161" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Zgrada_Transadrie_120409.jpg/330px-Zgrada_Transadrie_120409.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Zgrada_Transadrie_120409.jpg/440px-Zgrada_Transadrie_120409.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="938" /></a><figcaption>Transadria building</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:RijekaCroatiaAerial2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/RijekaCroatiaAerial2.jpg/220px-RijekaCroatiaAerial2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/RijekaCroatiaAerial2.jpg/330px-RijekaCroatiaAerial2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/RijekaCroatiaAerial2.jpg/440px-RijekaCroatiaAerial2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1551" data-file-height="1173" /></a><figcaption>Aerial view of downtown Rijeka</figcaption></figure> <p>Because of its industries (oil refinery, torpedo factory, shipyards) and its port facilities, the city was also a target of more than 30 Anglo-American air attacks,<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which caused widespread destruction and hundreds of civilian deaths. Some of the heaviest bombardments happened on 12 January 1944 (attack on the refinery, part of the <a href="/wiki/Oil_campaign_of_World_War_II" title="Oil campaign of World War II">oil campaign</a>),<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> on 3–6 November 1944, when a series of attacks resulted in at least 125 deaths and between 15 and 25 February 1945 (200 dead, 300 wounded).<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The area of Rijeka was <a href="/wiki/Alpine_Wall" title="Alpine Wall">heavily fortified even before World War II</a> (the remains of these fortifications can be seen today on the outskirts of the city). This was the fortified border between Italy and Yugoslavia which, at that time, cut across the city area and its surroundings. As Yugoslav troops approached the city in April 1945, one of the fiercest and largest battles in this area of Europe ensued. The 27,000 German and additional Italian <a href="/wiki/Italian_Social_Republic" title="Italian Social Republic">RSI</a> troops fought tenaciously from behind these fortifications (renamed "Ingridstellung"—Ingrid Line—by the Germans). Under the command of the German general <a href="/wiki/Ludwig_K%C3%BCbler" title="Ludwig Kübler">Ludwig Kübler</a> they inflicted thousands of casualties on the attacking Partisans, which were forced by their superiors to charge uphill against well-fortified positions to the north and east of the city. The Yugoslav commanders did not spare casualties to speed up the capture of the city, fearing a possible English landing in area which would prevent their advance towards Trieste before the war was over. After an extremely bloody battle and heavy losses on the attackers side, the Germans were forced to retreat. Before leaving the city the German troops destroyed much of the harbour area and other important infrastructure with explosive charges. However, the German attempt to break out of the encirclement north-west of the city was unsuccessful. Of the approximately 27,000 German and other troops retreating from the city, 11,000 were killed or executed after surrendering<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup>, while the remaining 16,000 were taken as prisoners. Yugoslav troops entered Rijeka on 3 May 1945.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The city had suffered extensive damage in the war. The economic infrastructure was almost completely destroyed, and of the 5,400 buildings in the city at the time, 2,890 (53%) were either completely destroyed or damaged.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Aftermath_of_World_War_II">Aftermath of World War II</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rijeka&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Aftermath of World War II"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Istrian-Dalmatian_exodus" class="mw-redirect" title="Istrian-Dalmatian exodus">Istrian-Dalmatian exodus</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:PPMHP_270508_ulaz.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/PPMHP_270508_ulaz.jpg/220px-PPMHP_270508_ulaz.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/PPMHP_270508_ulaz.jpg/330px-PPMHP_270508_ulaz.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/PPMHP_270508_ulaz.jpg/440px-PPMHP_270508_ulaz.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>The Governor's Palace, Maritime and History Museum of the Croatian Littoral</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Skyscrapersrijeka.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Skyscrapersrijeka.jpg/220px-Skyscrapersrijeka.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Skyscrapersrijeka.jpg/330px-Skyscrapersrijeka.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Skyscrapersrijeka.jpg/440px-Skyscrapersrijeka.jpg 2x" data-file-width="963" data-file-height="576" /></a><figcaption>Highest residential skyscrapers in Croatia</figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Rijeka" title="Special:EditPage/Rijeka">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">December 2016</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The city's fate was once again solved by a combination of force and diplomacy. Despite insistent requests from the Fiuman government in exile collaboration with the partisans and calls to respect the city-state's internationally recognized sovereignty, and despite generous initial promises given by the Yugoslav authorities of full independence and later of extensive autonomy for the city-state (the locals were promised various degrees of autonomy at different moments during the war, most notably the possibility to be a state of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia), the city was annexed by Yugoslavia and incorporated as part of the federal state of Croatia. All the many voices of dissent within the population were silenced in the 12 months following the end of the war. The situation created by the Yugoslav forces on the ground was eventually formalized by the 1947 <a href="/wiki/Paris_Peace_Treaties,_1947" title="Paris Peace Treaties, 1947">Paris peace treaty</a> between Italy and the Allies on 10 February 1947, despite both the complaints by the last democratically elected government and its president-in-exile Riccardo Zanella and the attempts of the experienced Italian foreign minister <a href="/wiki/Carlo_Sforza" title="Carlo Sforza">Carlo Sforza</a> to uphold the previous Wilsonian plans for a multicultural Free State solution, with a local headquarters for the newly created <a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a>. Once the change to Yugoslav sovereignty was formalized, and in particular in the years leading to the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Trieste_Crisis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Trieste Crisis (page does not exist)">Trieste Crisis</a> of 1954, 58,000 of the city's 66,000 inhabitants were gradually pushed either to emigrate (they became known in Italian as <a href="/wiki/Istrian%E2%80%93Dalmatian_exodus" title="Istrian–Dalmatian exodus"><i>esuli</i> or the <i>exiled ones</i></a> from Istria, <a href="/wiki/Fiume" class="mw-redirect" title="Fiume">Fiume</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dalmatia" title="Dalmatia">Dalmatia</a>) or to endure harsh oppression by the new Yugoslav Communist regime. The <a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_communist_party" class="mw-redirect" title="Yugoslav communist party">Yugoslav communist party</a> opted for a markedly <a href="/wiki/Stalinism" title="Stalinism">Stalinist</a> approach to solving the local ethnic question, in particular after the Autonomist sympathisers gained massive support in the first local elections held on the city's territory between 1945 and 1946. </p><p>The discrimination and persecution that many inhabitants experienced at the hands of Yugoslav officials, in the last days of World War II and the first years of peace, still remain painful memories for the locals and the <i>esuli,</i> and are somewhat of a taboo topic for Rijeka's political milieu, which is still largely denying the events.<sup id="cite_ref-Article_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Article-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Summary_execution" title="Summary execution">Summary executions</a> of alleged Fascists (often well-known anti-fascists or openly apolitical), aimed at hitting the local intellectual class, the Autonomists, the commercial classes, the former Italian public servants, the military officials and often also ordinary civilians (at least 650 executions of Italians took place after the end of the war<sup id="cite_ref-Study_56-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Study-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) eventually forced most Italophones (of various ethnicities) to leave Rijeka/Fiume in order to avoid becoming victims of a harsher retaliation. The removal was a meticulously planned operation, aimed at convincing the hardly assimilable Italian part of the autochthonous population to leave the country, as testified decades later by representatives of the Yugoslav leadership.<sup id="cite_ref-Study_and_book_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Study_and_book-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rijeka-Croatia-swimmingpool.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Rijeka-Croatia-swimmingpool.jpg/220px-Rijeka-Croatia-swimmingpool.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="181" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Rijeka-Croatia-swimmingpool.jpg/330px-Rijeka-Croatia-swimmingpool.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Rijeka-Croatia-swimmingpool.jpg/440px-Rijeka-Croatia-swimmingpool.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1080" data-file-height="888" /></a><figcaption>Swimming pool complex in Kantrida</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rijecka_zvjezdarnica_120409.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Rijecka_zvjezdarnica_120409.jpg/220px-Rijecka_zvjezdarnica_120409.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="126" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Rijecka_zvjezdarnica_120409.jpg/330px-Rijecka_zvjezdarnica_120409.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Rijecka_zvjezdarnica_120409.jpg/440px-Rijecka_zvjezdarnica_120409.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="734" /></a><figcaption>Astronomical Centre Rijeka</figcaption></figure> <p>The most notable victims of the political and ethnic repression of locals in this period was the <a href="/wiki/Fiume_Autonomists_purge" title="Fiume Autonomists purge">Fiume Autonomists purge</a> hitting all the autonomist figures still living in the city, and now associated in the <a href="/wiki/Liburnian_Autonomist_Movement" title="Liburnian Autonomist Movement">Liburnian Autonomist Movement</a>. The Autonomists actively helped the Yugoslav partisans in liberating the region from Fascist and Nazi occupation, and, despite receiving various promises of large political autonomy for the city, they were eventually all assassinated by the Yugoslav secret police <a href="/wiki/OZNA" title="OZNA">OZNA</a> in the days leading up to the Yugoslav army's victorious march into city and its aftermath. </p><p>In subsequent years, the Yugoslav authorities joined the municipalities of Fiume and Sušak and, after 1954, less than one third of the original population of the now united municipalities (mostly what was previously the Croat minority in Fiume and the majority in Sušak) remained in the city, because the old municipality of Fiume lost in these years more than 85% of the original population. The Yugoslav plans for a more obedient demographic situation in RIjeka culminated in 1954 during the Trieste crisis, when the Yugoslav Communist Party rallied many local members to ruin or destroy the most notable vestiges of the Italian/Venetian language and all bilingual inscriptions in the city (which had been legally granted a fully bilingual status after the occupation in 1945), eventually also 'de facto' (but not 'de jure') deleting bilinguilism, except in a handful of selected bilingual schools and inside the Italian Community's own building. After the war the local ethnic Italians of Rijeka left Yugoslavia for Italy (<a href="/wiki/Istrian-Dalmatian_exodus" class="mw-redirect" title="Istrian-Dalmatian exodus">Istrian-Dalmatian exodus</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The city was then resettled by immigrants from various parts of Yugoslavia, once more changing heavily the city's demographics and its linguistic composition. These years coincided also with a period of general reconstruction and new program of industrialization after the destruction of the war. During the period of the <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia" title="Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia">Yugoslav</a> Communist administration between the 1950s and the 1980s, the city became the main port of the <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia" title="Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia">Federal Republic</a> and started to grow once again, both demographically and economically, taking advantage of the newly re-established hinterland that had been lacking during the Italian period, as well as the rebuilding after the war of its traditional manufacturing industries, its maritime economy and its port potential. This, paired with its rich commercial history, allowed the city to soon become the second richest (GDP per capita) district within <a href="/wiki/Yugoslavia" title="Yugoslavia">Yugoslavia</a>. However, many of these industries and companies, being based on a socialist planned economic model were not able to survive the move to a market-oriented economy in the early 1990s. </p><p>As Yugoslavia broke up in 1991, the former <a href="/wiki/Federal_State_of_Croatia" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal State of Croatia">Federal State of Croatia</a> became independent and, in the <a href="/wiki/Croatian_War_of_Independence" title="Croatian War of Independence">Croatian War of Independence</a> that ensued, Rijeka became part of the newly independent <a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatia</a>. Since then, the city has stagnated economically and its demography has plunged. Some of its largest industries and employers have gone out of business, the most prominent among them being the Jugolinija shipping company, the torpedo factory, the paper mill and many other small or medium manufacturing and commercial companies. Other companies have struggled to remain economically viable (like the city's landmark <a href="/wiki/3._Maj" title="3. Maj">3. Maj</a> shipyard). The number of people working in manufacturing dropped from more than 80,000 in 1990 to only 5,000 two decades later<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup>. Privatization scandals and the large scale corruption which marked Croatia's transition from socialism to capitalism as well as several years of <a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_wars" class="mw-redirect" title="Yugoslav wars">war economy</a> played a significant role in the collapse of the city's economy during the 1990s and early 2000s. A difficult and uncertain transition of the city's economy away from manufacturing and towards an economy based on services and tourism is still in progress. </p><p>In 2018, it was announced that, 65 years after the abolition of Italian as the official language of the city, new Croatian-Italian bilingual signs will be placed back in the Fiume part of the modern united municipality.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2020, Rijeka was voted the <a href="/wiki/European_Capital_of_Culture" title="European Capital of Culture">European Capital of Culture</a> alongside <a href="/wiki/Galway" title="Galway">Galway</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with a planned program including more than 600 events of cultural and social importance. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gradsko_poglavarstvo,_Rijeka.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Gradsko_poglavarstvo%2C_Rijeka.jpg/220px-Gradsko_poglavarstvo%2C_Rijeka.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Gradsko_poglavarstvo%2C_Rijeka.jpg/330px-Gradsko_poglavarstvo%2C_Rijeka.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Gradsko_poglavarstvo%2C_Rijeka.jpg/440px-Gradsko_poglavarstvo%2C_Rijeka.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5152" data-file-height="3864" /></a><figcaption>City government building</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Rijeka's_International_Carnival"><span id="Rijeka.27s_International_Carnival"></span>Rijeka's International Carnival</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rijeka&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Rijeka's International Carnival"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Rijeka_Carnival" title="Rijeka Carnival">Rijeka Carnival</a></div> <p>The Rijeka Carnival (Croatian: <i>Riječki karneval</i>) is held each year before Lent (between late January and early March) in Rijeka, Croatia. Established in 1982, it has become the biggest carnival in Croatia. Every year there are numerous events preceding the carnival itself. First the mayor of Rijeka gives the symbolic key of the city to Meštar Toni, who is "the maestro" of the carnival, and he becomes the mayor of the city during the carnival, although this is only figuratively. Same day, there is an election of the carnival queen. As all the cities around Rijeka have their own events during the carnival time, Queen and Meštar Toni are attending most of them. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:RijekaCarnival18x.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/RijekaCarnival18x.jpg/220px-RijekaCarnival18x.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/RijekaCarnival18x.jpg/330px-RijekaCarnival18x.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/RijekaCarnival18x.jpg/440px-RijekaCarnival18x.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1064" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Rijeka_Carnival" title="Rijeka Carnival">Rijeka Carnival</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Also, every year the Carnival charity ball is held in the Governor's palace in Rijeka. It is attended by politicians, people from sport and media life, as well as a number of ambassadors. </p><p>The weekend before the main event there are two other events held. One is Rally Paris–Bakar (after the <a href="/wiki/Dakar_Rally" title="Dakar Rally">Dakar Rally</a>). The start is a part of Rijeka called Paris after the restaurant located there, and the end is in city of Bakar, located about 20 kilometres (12 miles) south-east. All of the participants of the rally wear masks, and the cars are mostly modified old cars. The other event is the children's carnival, held, like the main one, on Rijeka's main walkway Korzo. The groups that participate are mostly from kindergartens and elementary schools, including groups from other parts of Croatia and neighboring countries. In 1982 there were only three masked groups on Rijeka's main walkway Korzo. In recent years, the international carnival has attracted around 15,000 participants from all over the world organized in over 200 carnival groups, with crowds of over 100,000.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rijeka&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Demographics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236656977">.mw-parser-output .abbr-header{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-bottom:none;background-color:lavender}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .caption-purple{background:inherit!important}}.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-top:none;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);padding:5px}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border-top:1px #a2a9b1 solid!important}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:none}}</style><table class="table-pale" style="width:15em;border-top-width:0;border-spacing: 0;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 0.5em;"><caption class="caption-purple" style="padding:0.25em;font-weight:bold">Historical population</caption><tbody><tr style="font-size:95%"><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;width:3em">Year</th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px 2px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Population" class="abbr-header">Pop.</abbr></th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Percent change" class="abbr-header">±%</abbr></th></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1880 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">37,904</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">—    </td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1890 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">48,959</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+29.2%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1900 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">61,419</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+25.4%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1910 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">76,042</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+23.8%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1921 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">61,157</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−19.6%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1931 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">72,111</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+17.9%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1948 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">67,088</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−7.0%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1953 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">73,718</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+9.9%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1961 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">98,759</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+34.0%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1971 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">129,173</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+30.8%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1981 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">158,226</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+22.5%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1991 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">165,904</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+4.9%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2001 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">144,043</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−13.2%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2011 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">128,624</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−10.7%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2021 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">107,964</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−16.1%</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="border-top:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);font-size:85%;text-align:left">Source: Naselja i stanovništvo Republike Hrvatske 1857–2021, DZS, Zagreb</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>In the 2021 census, the city proper had a population of 107,964,<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which included:<sup id="cite_ref-Census_2021_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Census_2021-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Croats" title="Croats">Croats</a></td> <td>92,075</td> <td>(85.28%) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Serbs" title="Serbs">Serbs</a></td> <td>5,537</td> <td>(5.13%) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bosniaks" title="Bosniaks">Bosniaks</a></td> <td>1,696</td> <td>(1.57%) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Italians" title="Italians">Italians</a></td> <td>1,569</td> <td>(1.45%) </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Other groups, including <a href="/wiki/Slovenes" title="Slovenes">Slovenes</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hungarians" title="Hungarians">Hungarians</a>, formed less than 1% each. </p><p>The Croatian census recognized two <a href="/wiki/Naselja" class="mw-redirect" title="Naselja">settlements</a> within the City of Rijeka - the city itself with a population of 128,384, and "<a href="/wiki/Sveti_Kuzam" title="Sveti Kuzam">Bakar</a>" with a population of 240,<sup id="cite_ref-dzs-ri-2011_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dzs-ri-2011-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which is the village of Sveti Kuzam, separate from the neighboring town of <a href="/wiki/Bakar,_Croatia" title="Bakar, Croatia">Bakar</a>. On 27 February 2014, Rijeka city council passed a decision to annex the settlement (named "Bakar-dio (Sv. Kuzam")) to the settlement of Rijeka.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1162025173">.mw-parser-output div.kbs_tablica_scrollable,.mw-parser-output div.kbs_napomena_nonscrollable{max-width:52em;min-width:18em;padding-right:2em;padding-top:0.5em}.mw-parser-output div.kbs_tablica_scrollable{overflow-y:hidden;overflow-x:auto}.mw-parser-output div.kbs_tablica{display:table;min-width:35em;font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output table.kbs_tablica{table-layout:fixed;width:98%;border-collapse:collapse;margin-top:0.3em;margin-bottom:0.3em}.mw-parser-output td.kbs_za_stupce{height:calc(8em + 2em);vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;line-height:1;border-bottom:1px solid #666;padding-bottom:0;white-space:nowrap;overflow:visible}.mw-parser-output div.kbs_stupci{background:#25b;width:70%;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;border:1px solid black;border-bottom:none}.mw-parser-output div.kbs_stupci:hover{background:#d00}.mw-parser-output div.kbs_podatci{z-index:10;position:relative;padding:0.1em;font-size:60%}.mw-parser-output .kbs_za_stupce:hover .kbs_podatci,.mw-parser-output .kbs_za_stupce:focus .kbs_podatci,.mw-parser-output .kbs_za_stupce:active .kbs_podatci{font-size:90%;font-weight:bold;color:#b00;background:#fff;z-index:20;display:inline-block;position:relative;border-radius:0.1em 0.1em 0.1em 0.3em;padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.5em;padding-top:0.3em;padding-bottom:0.2em;transition:all 500ms;transform:translate(0.66em,1.66em)}.mw-parser-output td.kbs_godine{text-align:center;font-size:65%}.mw-parser-output td.kbs_ordinata{width:1.5em;font-size:80%;text-align:right;padding-left:0;padding-right:0.5em;border-right:1px solid #666}.mw-parser-output span.kbs_ordinata{white-space:nowrap;writing-mode:vertical-rl;transform:rotate(180deg)}.mw-parser-output div.kbs_naslov{font-size:100%;margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output div.kbs_napomena{font-size:65%;line-height:1.2;color:#444}.mw-parser-output div.kbs_vte{font-size:65%;line-height:1.2;color:#444;float:right}</style> <div class="kbs_tablica_scrollable"><div class="kbs_tablica"><div class="kbs_naslov"><b>City of Rijeka</b>: Population trends 1857–2021</div><table class="kbs_tablica"><tbody><tr><td class="kbs_ordinata"><span class="kbs_ordinata">population</span></td><td class="kbs_za_stupce"><div class="kbs_podatci">18597</div><div class="kbs_stupci" style="height:0.89em;"></div></td><td class="kbs_za_stupce"><div class="kbs_podatci">23880</div><div class="kbs_stupci" style="height:1.15em;"></div></td><td class="kbs_za_stupce"><div class="kbs_podatci">27904</div><div class="kbs_stupci" style="height:1.34em;"></div></td><td class="kbs_za_stupce"><div class="kbs_podatci">38959</div><div class="kbs_stupci" style="height:1.87em;"></div></td><td class="kbs_za_stupce"><div class="kbs_podatci">51419</div><div class="kbs_stupci" style="height:2.47em;"></div></td><td class="kbs_za_stupce"><div class="kbs_podatci">66042</div><div class="kbs_stupci" style="height:3.18em;"></div></td><td class="kbs_za_stupce"><div class="kbs_podatci">61157</div><div class="kbs_stupci" style="height:2.94em;"></div></td><td class="kbs_za_stupce"><div class="kbs_podatci">72111</div><div class="kbs_stupci" style="height:3.47em;"></div></td><td class="kbs_za_stupce"><div class="kbs_podatci">67088</div><div class="kbs_stupci" style="height:3.23em;"></div></td><td class="kbs_za_stupce"><div class="kbs_podatci">73718</div><div class="kbs_stupci" style="height:3.55em;"></div></td><td class="kbs_za_stupce"><div class="kbs_podatci">98759</div><div class="kbs_stupci" style="height:4.76em;"></div></td><td class="kbs_za_stupce"><div class="kbs_podatci">129173</div><div class="kbs_stupci" style="height:6.22em;"></div></td><td class="kbs_za_stupce"><div class="kbs_podatci">158226</div><div class="kbs_stupci" style="height:7.62em;"></div></td><td class="kbs_za_stupce"><div class="kbs_podatci">165904</div><div class="kbs_stupci" style="height:8em;"></div></td><td class="kbs_za_stupce"><div class="kbs_podatci">144043</div><div class="kbs_stupci" style="height:6.94em;"></div></td><td class="kbs_za_stupce"><div class="kbs_podatci">128624</div><div class="kbs_stupci" style="height:6.2em;"></div></td><td class="kbs_za_stupce"><div class="kbs_podatci">107964</div><div class="kbs_stupci" style="height:5.2em;"></div></td></tr><tr><td></td><td class="kbs_godine">1857</td><td class="kbs_godine">1869</td><td class="kbs_godine">1880</td><td class="kbs_godine">1890</td><td class="kbs_godine">1900</td><td class="kbs_godine">1910</td><td class="kbs_godine">1921</td><td class="kbs_godine">1931</td><td class="kbs_godine">1948</td><td class="kbs_godine">1953</td><td class="kbs_godine">1961</td><td class="kbs_godine">1971</td><td class="kbs_godine">1981</td><td class="kbs_godine">1991</td><td class="kbs_godine">2001</td><td class="kbs_godine">2011</td><td class="kbs_godine">2021</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="kbs_napomena_nonscrollable"><div class="kbs_napomena"><b>Sources</b>: <a href="/wiki/Template:Croatian_population_data_graph/Sources" title="Template:Croatian population data graph/Sources">Croatian Bureau of Statistics publications</a></div><div class="kbs_vte"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Croatian_population_data_graph" title="Template:Croatian population data graph"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li></ul></div></div></div> <p>There are 34 units of local administration called <span title="Croatian-language text"><i lang="hr">mjesni odbor</i></span> in Rijeka:<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 10em;"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Banderovo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Banderovo (page does not exist)">Banderovo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Belveder,_Rijeka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Belveder, Rijeka (page does not exist)">Belveder</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brajda-Dolac&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brajda-Dolac (page does not exist)">Brajda-Dolac</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bra%C5%A1%C4%87ine-Pulac&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brašćine-Pulac (page does not exist)">Brašćine-Pulac</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bulevard&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bulevard (page does not exist)">Bulevard</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Centar-Su%C5%A1ak&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Centar-Sušak (page does not exist)">Centar-Sušak</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Draga,_Rijeka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Draga, Rijeka (page does not exist)">Draga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drenova,_Rijeka" title="Drenova, Rijeka">Drenova</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gornja_Ve%C5%BEica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gornja Vežica (page does not exist)">Gornja Vežica</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gornji_Zamet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gornji Zamet (page does not exist)">Gornji Zamet</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grad_Trsat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Grad Trsat (page does not exist)">Grad Trsat</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grbci&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Grbci (page does not exist)">Grbci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kantrida" class="mw-redirect" title="Kantrida">Kantrida</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kozala&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kozala (page does not exist)">Kozala</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Krimeja&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Krimeja (page does not exist)">Krimeja</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Luka,_Rijeka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Luka, Rijeka (page does not exist)">Luka</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mlaka,_Rijeka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mlaka, Rijeka (page does not exist)">Mlaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orehovica,_Rijeka" class="mw-redirect" title="Orehovica, Rijeka">Orehovica</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pa%C5%A1ac&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pašac (page does not exist)">Pašac</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pe%C4%87ine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pećine (page does not exist)">Pećine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pehlin" class="mw-redirect" title="Pehlin">Pehlin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Podmurvice&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Podmurvice (page does not exist)">Podmurvice</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Podve%C5%BEica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Podvežica (page does not exist)">Podvežica</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Potok,_Rijeka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Potok, Rijeka (page does not exist)">Potok</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Srdo%C4%8Di&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Srdoči (page does not exist)">Srdoči</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sveti_Kuzam" title="Sveti Kuzam">Sveti Kuzam</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sveti_Nikola,_Rijeka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sveti Nikola, Rijeka (page does not exist)">Sveti Nikola</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Svilno&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Svilno (page does not exist)">Svilno</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0kolji%C4%87-Stari_grad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Školjić-Stari grad (page does not exist)">Školjić-Stari grad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0kurinje" class="mw-redirect" title="Škurinje">Škurinje</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0kurinjska_Draga&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Škurinjska Draga (page does not exist)">Škurinjska Draga</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turni%C4%87,_Rijeka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Turnić, Rijeka (page does not exist)">Turnić</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vojak,_Rijeka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vojak, Rijeka (page does not exist)">Vojak</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zamet,_Rijeka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zamet, Rijeka (page does not exist)">Zamet</a></li></ul> </div> <p>Boundaries of Rijeka are sometimes extended into the adjoining areas. The former municipality of Rijeka (20th century) consists of other towns and municipalities outside Rijeka city proper, which used to be part of an official union of adjacent settlements that was disbanded in 1995. It includes towns and municipalities of <a href="/wiki/Kastav" title="Kastav">Kastav</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vi%C5%A1kovo" title="Viškovo">Viškovo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Klana" title="Klana">Klana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kostrena" title="Kostrena">Kostrena</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cavle" title="Čavle">Čavle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jelenje" title="Jelenje">Jelenje</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bakar,_Croatia" title="Bakar, Croatia">Bakar</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kraljevica" title="Kraljevica">Kraljevica</a>. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Urban_agglomeration" class="mw-redirect" title="Urban agglomeration">urban agglomeration</a> of Rijeka includes the former municipality along with the towns and municipalities of <a href="/wiki/Opatija" title="Opatija">Opatija</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lovran" title="Lovran">Lovran</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mo%C5%A1%C4%87eni%C4%8Dka_Draga" title="Mošćenička Draga">Mošćenička Draga</a> and <a href="/wiki/Matulji" title="Matulji">Matulji</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Metro_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Metro area">metro area</a> of Rijeka is the territory of consolidated expansion. It includes towns and municipalities of <a href="/wiki/Crikvenica" title="Crikvenica">Crikvenica</a>, <a href="/wiki/Novi_Vinodolski" title="Novi Vinodolski">Novi Vinodolski</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vinodol,_Croatia" title="Vinodol, Croatia">Vinodolska</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lokve,_Croatia" title="Lokve, Croatia">Lokve</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fu%C5%BEine,_Croatia" title="Fužine, Croatia">Fužine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Delnice" title="Delnice">Delnice</a> and <a href="/wiki/Omi%C5%A1alj" title="Omišalj">Omišalj</a>, which all gravitate towards the City of Rijeka. </p><p>The following tables list the city's population, along with the population of ex-municipality (disbanded in 1995), the urban and the metropolitan area.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr bgcolor="#efefef"> <th>Year</th> <th>City proper</th> <th>Ex-municipality</th> <th>Urban</th> <th>Metro </th></tr> <tr> <td align="center">1981</td> <td>158,226</td> <td>193,044</td> <td>222,318</td> <td>251,768 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">1991</td> <td>165,904</td> <td>206,229</td> <td>236,028</td> <td>268,016 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">2001</td> <td>144,043</td> <td>191,647</td> <td>220,538</td> <td>252,933 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">2011</td> <td>128,624</td> <td>185,125</td> <td>213,666</td> <td>245,054 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">2021</td> <td>107,964</td> <td>165,008</td> <td>191,293</td> <td>219,325 </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <td> </td> <td><b>Population</b> </td> <td><b>Area (km<sup>2</sup>)</b> </td> <td><b>Density</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>City proper</b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">107,964 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">44 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2,469 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Ex-municipality</b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">56,386 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">473 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">119 </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Subtotal</i> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><i>165,008</i> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><i>517</i> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><i>319</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Urban agglomeration</b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">26,285 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">308 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">85 </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Subtotal</i> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><i>191,293</i> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><i>825</i> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><i>232</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Metro area</b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">28,032 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">840 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">33 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Total</b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><b>219,325</b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><b>1,665</b> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><b>132</b> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Panoramas">Panoramas</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rijeka&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Panoramas"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="thumb tnone" style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;overflow:hidden;width:auto;max-width:608px"><div class="thumbinner"><div class="noresize" style="overflow:auto"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:RijekaOpatijapanorama.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="View of Rijeka harbor from Opatija"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/RijekaOpatijapanorama.jpg/600px-RijekaOpatijapanorama.jpg" decoding="async" width="600" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/RijekaOpatijapanorama.jpg/900px-RijekaOpatijapanorama.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/RijekaOpatijapanorama.jpg/1200px-RijekaOpatijapanorama.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3660" data-file-height="1032" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:RijekaOpatijapanorama.jpg" title="File:RijekaOpatijapanorama.jpg"> </a></div>View of Rijeka harbor from <a href="/wiki/Opatija" title="Opatija">Opatija</a></div></div></div> <div class="thumb tnone" style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;overflow:hidden;width:auto;max-width:608px"><div class="thumbinner"><div class="noresize" style="overflow:auto"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Rijeka_and_mountain_U%C4%8Dka.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="View of Rijeka and Učka"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Rijeka_and_mountain_U%C4%8Dka.jpg/600px-Rijeka_and_mountain_U%C4%8Dka.jpg" decoding="async" width="600" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Rijeka_and_mountain_U%C4%8Dka.jpg/900px-Rijeka_and_mountain_U%C4%8Dka.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Rijeka_and_mountain_U%C4%8Dka.jpg/1200px-Rijeka_and_mountain_U%C4%8Dka.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2600" data-file-height="676" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:Rijeka_and_mountain_U%C4%8Dka.jpg" title="File:Rijeka and mountain Učka.jpg"> </a></div>View of Rijeka and <a href="/wiki/U%C4%8Dka" title="Učka">Učka</a></div></div></div> <div class="thumb tnone" style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;overflow:hidden;width:auto;max-width:808px"><div class="thumbinner"><div class="noresize" style="overflow:auto"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Rijeka_WV_banner.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Panoramic view from Rijeka’s Riva waterfront."><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Rijeka_WV_banner.jpg/800px-Rijeka_WV_banner.jpg" decoding="async" width="800" height="114" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Rijeka_WV_banner.jpg/1200px-Rijeka_WV_banner.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Rijeka_WV_banner.jpg/1600px-Rijeka_WV_banner.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5773" data-file-height="823" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:Rijeka_WV_banner.jpg" title="File:Rijeka WV banner.jpg"> </a></div>Panoramic view from Rijeka’s Riva waterfront.</div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rijeka&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Notable people"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Scientists,_professors_and_inventors"><span id="Scientists.2C_professors_and_inventors"></span>Scientists, professors and inventors</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rijeka&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Scientists, professors and inventors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Archduke_Joseph_Karl_of_Austria" title="Archduke Joseph Karl of Austria">Archduke Joseph Karl of Austria</a>, Archduke of the <a href="/wiki/Austro-Hungarian_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Austro-Hungarian Empire">Austro-Hungarian Empire</a>, <a href="/wiki/Romani_language" title="Romani language">Romani language</a> philologist and <a href="/wiki/Romani_people" title="Romani people">Romani</a> ethnographer, member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Bartini" title="Robert Bartini">Robert Bartini</a>, Fiuman-Soviet aircraft designer and scientist, creator of the <a href="/wiki/Bartini_A-57" title="Bartini A-57">Bartini A-57</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bartini_Beriev_VVA-14" title="Bartini Beriev VVA-14">Bartini Beriev VVA-14</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mihaly_Csikszentmihalyi" title="Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi">Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi</a>, Fiuman-Hungarian Psychology Professor at <a href="/wiki/Claremont_Graduate_University" title="Claremont Graduate University">Claremont Graduate University</a>, known as the architect of the notion of <a href="/wiki/Flow_(psychology)" title="Flow (psychology)">flow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umberto_D%27Ancona" title="Umberto D'Ancona">Umberto D'Ancona</a>, Fiuman-Italian Biology Professor and founder of the Hydro-biological Station in <a href="/wiki/Chioggia" title="Chioggia">Chioggia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alad%C3%A1r_Fest&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aladár Fest (page does not exist)">Aladár Fest</a>, Fiuman-Hungarian pioneer pedagogue, historian that wrote his works in Hungarian, German and Italian.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Grossich" title="Antonio Grossich">Antonio Grossich</a>, Fiuman-Italian doctor, professor of surgery and inventor of the <a href="/wiki/Tincture_of_iodine" title="Tincture of iodine">Tincture of iodine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Senator" class="mw-redirect" title="Senator">senator</a> and <a href="/wiki/Irredentist" class="mw-redirect" title="Irredentist">irredentist</a> politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Klinger" title="William Klinger">William Klinger</a>, historian of Fiuman, Croatian and Yugoslav history</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Giovanni_Kobler&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Giovanni Kobler (page does not exist)">Giovanni Kobler</a>, Fiuman historian whose work is considered the major milestone in the Rijeka historiography</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Luppis" title="Giovanni Luppis">Giovanni Luppis</a>, Fiuman officer of the Austro-Hungarian Navy, lead inventor of the first <a href="/wiki/Whitehead_torpedo" title="Whitehead torpedo">torpedo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Nem%C3%A9nyi" title="Paul Neményi">Paul Neményi</a>, Fiuman-Hungarian mathematician and physicist, and the probable father of former World Chess Champion <a href="/wiki/Bobby_Fischer" title="Bobby Fischer">Bobby Fischer</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C3%A1ndor_Alexander_Riegler&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sándor Alexander Riegler (page does not exist)">Sándor Alexander Riegler</a>, Hungarian professor of chemistry and physics</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Salcher" title="Peter Salcher">Peter Salcher</a>, Fiuman-Austrian physicist of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fiume_Academy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fiume Academy (page does not exist)">Fiume Academy</a>, pioneer of ultrafast photography and aerodynamic studies</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petar_Str%C4%8Di%C4%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Petar Strčić (page does not exist)">Petar Strčić</a>, Croatrian historian</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Danilo_Klen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Danilo Klen (page does not exist)">Danilo Klen</a>, Croatian historian whose main focus of work were Rijeka and <a href="/wiki/Istria" title="Istria">Istria</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Arts_and_culture">Arts and culture</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rijeka&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Arts and culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oretta_Fiume" title="Oretta Fiume">Oretta Fiume</a>, Fiuman-Italian cinema star of the 1930s and 1940s, with her final role in <a href="/wiki/Fellini" class="mw-redirect" title="Fellini">Fellini</a>'s <a href="/wiki/La_Dolce_Vita" class="mw-redirect" title="La Dolce Vita">La Dolce Vita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irma_Gramatica" title="Irma Gramatica">Irma Gramatica</a>, Fiuman-Italian stage and film actress</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janko_Poli%C4%87_Kamov" title="Janko Polić Kamov">Janko Polić Kamov</a>, Croatian writer and poet from <a href="/wiki/Su%C5%A1ak,_Rijeka" title="Sušak, Rijeka">Sušak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marija_Krucifiksa_Kozuli%C4%87" title="Marija Krucifiksa Kozulić">Marija Krucifiksa Kozulić</a>, <a href="/wiki/Catholic_nun" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic nun">Catholic nun</a>, founder of the order of the Sisters of the <a href="/wiki/Sacred_Heart" title="Sacred Heart">Sacred Heart</a> of Jesus</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aldo_Lado" title="Aldo Lado">Aldo Lado</a>, Italian film director</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geronimo_Meynier" title="Geronimo Meynier">Geronimo Meynier</a>, Fiuman-Italian teen film actor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osvaldo_Ramous" title="Osvaldo Ramous">Osvaldo Ramous</a>, Fiuman poet and writer that signed the town's 20th-century literature and cultural life</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Janni_Sabucco&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Janni Sabucco (page does not exist)">Janni Sabucco</a>, Italian writer and author of <i>Si Chiamava Fiume</i> (1952).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romolo_Venucci" title="Romolo Venucci">Romolo Venucci</a>, Fiuman-Italian cubist painter and sculptor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%96d%C3%B6n_von_Horv%C3%A1th" title="Ödön von Horváth">Ödön von Horváth</a>, Austro-Hungarian playwright, author of the play <i><a href="/wiki/Tales_from_the_Vienna_Woods_(play)" title="Tales from the Vienna Woods (play)">Geschichten aus dem Wiener Wald</a></i>, winner of the <a href="/wiki/Kleist_Prize" title="Kleist Prize">Kleist Prize</a> in 1931</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinrich_von_Littrow" title="Heinrich von Littrow">Heinrich von Littrow</a>, Czech and Austrian poet, writer and cartographer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lea_von_Littrow" title="Lea von Littrow">Leo von Littrow</a>, Fiuman <a href="/wiki/Impressionism" title="Impressionism">Impressionist</a> artist, a major exponent of the artistic movement in Southern Europe</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Politics_and_institutions">Politics and institutions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rijeka&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Politics and institutions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mario_Blasich" title="Mario Blasich">Mario Blasich</a>, Fiuman politician and physician, victim of the <a href="/wiki/Fiume_Autonomists_purge" title="Fiume Autonomists purge">Fiume Autonomists purge</a> of 1945.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giovanni_de_Ciotta" title="Giovanni de Ciotta">Giovanni de Ciotta</a>, Fiuman-Italian entrepreneur and politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kolinda_Grabar-Kitarovi%C4%87" title="Kolinda Grabar-Kitarović">Kolinda Grabar-Kitarović</a>, Croatia's 4th and first female president from 2015 to 2020</li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%A1nos_K%C3%A1d%C3%A1r" title="János Kádár">János Kádár</a>, Chairman of the Central Committee of the Hungarian Communist Party, served for more than 30 years as the leader of Hungary</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michele_Maylender" title="Michele Maylender">Michele Maylender</a>, Fiuman politician during the Hungarian Crown's dependency, founder of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Autonomist_Party_of_Fiume&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Autonomist Party of Fiume (page does not exist)">Autonomist Party of Fiume</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrea_Ossoinack" title="Andrea Ossoinack">Andrea Ossoinack</a>, businessman and politician, among the founders of the Free State of Fiume and founder of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Autonomist_League_of_Fiume&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Autonomist League of Fiume (page does not exist)">Autonomist League of Fiume</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Palatucci" title="Giovanni Palatucci">Giovanni Palatucci</a>, last Italian superintendent of Fiume and <a href="/wiki/Righteous_Among_The_Nations" class="mw-redirect" title="Righteous Among The Nations">Righteous Among The Nations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leo_Valiani" title="Leo Valiani">Leo Valiani</a>, Fiuman-Italian historian, politician and journalist, a prominent dissident during the Italian fascist regime</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikl%C3%B3s_V%C3%A1s%C3%A1rhelyi" title="Miklós Vásárhelyi">Miklós Vásárhelyi</a>, Fiuman-Hungarian dissident and writer, famous for his decades-long fight against the Hungarian communist party headed by János Kádár</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nino_Host_Venturi" class="mw-redirect" title="Nino Host Venturi">Nino Host Venturi</a>, Fiuman-Italian fascist leader, politician and historian</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander,_Count_of_Hoyos" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexander, Count of Hoyos">Alexander von Hoyos</a>, Fiuman-Hungarian diplomat who played a major role during the <a href="/wiki/July_Crisis" title="July Crisis">July Crisis</a> while serving as chef de cabinet of the Foreign Minister at the outbreak of <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a> in 1914</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seb%C5%91_Vukovics" title="Sebő Vukovics">Sebő Vukovics</a> (<i>Sava Vuković</i>), Hungarian Minister of Justice in 1849 during the <a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Revolution_of_1848" title="Hungarian Revolution of 1848">Hungarian Revolution of 1848</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riccardo_Zanella" title="Riccardo Zanella">Riccardo Zanella</a>, Fiuman politician, first and only elected president of the <a href="/wiki/Free_State_of_Fiume" title="Free State of Fiume">Free State of Fiume</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Economists_and_entrepreneurs">Economists and entrepreneurs</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rijeka&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Economists and entrepreneurs"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andrea_Lodovico_Adamich" class="mw-redirect" title="Andrea Lodovico Adamich">Andrea Lodovico Adamich</a>, Aristocratic trader from Fiume, builder, and one of the most prominent supporters of the economical and cultural development of the city</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luigi_Ossoinack" title="Luigi Ossoinack">Luigi Ossoinack</a>, serial entrepreneur and businessman, was one of the main drivers of Fiume's economic boom during the second half of the 19th century</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Whitehead" title="Robert Whitehead">Robert Whitehead</a>, English serial entrepreneur, known for developing the first effective self-propelled naval <a href="/wiki/Whitehead_torpedo" title="Whitehead torpedo">torpedo</a>, in collaboration with <a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Luppis" title="Giovanni Luppis">Giovanni Luppis</a> in Fiume</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sportspeople">Sportspeople</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rijeka&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Sportspeople"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ivana_Dojki%C4%87" title="Ivana Dojkić">Ivana Dojkić</a>, Croatian basketball player, 2024 <a href="/wiki/WNBA" class="mw-redirect" title="WNBA">WNBA</a> champion</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mirza_D%C5%BEomba" title="Mirza Džomba">Mirza Džomba</a>, Croatian handball player, world champion and Olympic champion</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iva_Grbas" title="Iva Grbas">Iva Grbas</a>, Croatian professional basketball player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ezio_Loik" title="Ezio Loik">Ezio Loik</a>, Italian footballer, member of the <a href="/wiki/Grande_Torino" title="Grande Torino">Grande Torino</a> team which won 5 consecutive <a href="/wiki/Serie_A" title="Serie A">Serie A</a> titles in the 1940s and the <a href="/wiki/Italy_national_football_team" title="Italy national football team">Italian national team</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdon_Pamich" title="Abdon Pamich">Abdon Pamich</a>, Fiuman-Italian race walker, gold medalist at the 1964 Tokyo Summer Olympics</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulderico_Sergo" title="Ulderico Sergo">Ulderico Sergo</a>, Fiuman-Italian professional boxer, gold medalist at the 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orlando_Sirola" title="Orlando Sirola">Orlando Sirola</a>, Fiuman-Italian tennis player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luciano_Su%C5%A1anj" title="Luciano Sušanj">Luciano Sušanj</a>, Fiuman-Croatian politician, European athletic champion</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mario_Varglien" title="Mario Varglien">Mario Varglien</a>, Italian footballer, <a href="/wiki/Juventus_FC" title="Juventus FC">Juventus</a> player with record appearances and <a href="/wiki/1934_FIFA_World_Cup" title="1934 FIFA World Cup">world champion in 1934</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oscarre_Vicich" title="Oscarre Vicich">Oscarre Vicich</a>, footballer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rodolfo_Volk" title="Rodolfo Volk">Rodolfo Volk</a>, footballer and member of the <a href="/wiki/AS_Roma" title="AS Roma">AS Roma</a> Hall of Fame</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stefano_Vukov" title="Stefano Vukov">Stefano Vukov</a>, tennis coach known for coaching Wimbledon champion <a href="/wiki/Elena_Rybakina" title="Elena Rybakina">Elena Rybakina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Vujasinovi%C4%87" title="Vladimir Vujasinović">Vladimir Vujasinović</a>, Serbian water polo player, World and European champion, Olympic silver and bronze medalist</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Musicians">Musicians</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rijeka&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Musicians"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dino_Ciani" title="Dino Ciani">Dino Ciani</a>, Fiuman-Italian pianist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damir_Urban" title="Damir Urban">Damir Urban</a>, Croatian musician and singer-songwriter, former member of the band <a href="/wiki/Laufer_(band)" title="Laufer (band)">Laufer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivan_Zajc" title="Ivan Zajc">Ivan Zajc</a>, Fiuman-Croatian composer, conductor, director and teacher</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baby_Lasagna" title="Baby Lasagna">Marko Purišić</a>, Music Artist, achieved 2nd place in the <a href="/wiki/Eurovision_Song_Contest" title="Eurovision Song Contest">Eurovision Song Contest</a> in 2024 and known as <a href="/wiki/Baby_Lasagna" title="Baby Lasagna">Baby Lasagna</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Others">Others</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rijeka&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Others"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agathe_Whitehead" title="Agathe Whitehead">Agathe Whitehead</a>, Fiuman-born English heiress and mother of the <a href="/wiki/Trapp_family" class="mw-redirect" title="Trapp family">Trapp Family singers</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Main_sights">Main sights</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rijeka&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Main sights"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tower_centar_040408.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Tower_centar_040408.jpg/220px-Tower_centar_040408.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Tower_centar_040408.jpg/330px-Tower_centar_040408.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Tower_centar_040408.jpg/440px-Tower_centar_040408.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="1067" /></a><figcaption>Tower center Rijeka</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:ItalSchoolRijeka.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/ItalSchoolRijeka.jpg/220px-ItalSchoolRijeka.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/ItalSchoolRijeka.jpg/330px-ItalSchoolRijeka.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/ItalSchoolRijeka.jpg/440px-ItalSchoolRijeka.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1330" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Italian_Secondary_School,_Rijeka" title="Italian Secondary School, Rijeka">Italian Secondary School of Rijeka</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Turkish_House.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Turkish_House.jpg/220px-Turkish_House.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Turkish_House.jpg/330px-Turkish_House.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Turkish_House.jpg/440px-Turkish_House.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2800" data-file-height="1862" /></a><figcaption>Turkish house located on the market</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Palace_Modello_in_Rijeka_(City_Library)_Croatia.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Palace_Modello_in_Rijeka_%28City_Library%29_Croatia.JPG/220px-Palace_Modello_in_Rijeka_%28City_Library%29_Croatia.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Palace_Modello_in_Rijeka_%28City_Library%29_Croatia.JPG/330px-Palace_Modello_in_Rijeka_%28City_Library%29_Croatia.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Palace_Modello_in_Rijeka_%28City_Library%29_Croatia.JPG/440px-Palace_Modello_in_Rijeka_%28City_Library%29_Croatia.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Palace_Modello_in_Rijeka" class="mw-redirect" title="Palace Modello in Rijeka">Palace Modello in Rijeka</a></figcaption></figure><figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fish-market-Masters-photo-by-Hrvoje-Franjic.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Fish-market-Masters-photo-by-Hrvoje-Franjic.jpg/213px-Fish-market-Masters-photo-by-Hrvoje-Franjic.jpg" decoding="async" width="213" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Fish-market-Masters-photo-by-Hrvoje-Franjic.jpg/320px-Fish-market-Masters-photo-by-Hrvoje-Franjic.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Fish-market-Masters-photo-by-Hrvoje-Franjic.jpg/426px-Fish-market-Masters-photo-by-Hrvoje-Franjic.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1336" /></a><figcaption>Art installation "Masters" in Rijeka fish market</figcaption></figure> <ul><li>Tvornica "Torpedo" (the Torpedo factory). The first European prototypes of a self-propelled torpedo, created by <a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Luppis" title="Giovanni Luppis">Giovanni Luppis</a>, a retired naval engineer from Rijeka. The remains of this factory still exist, including a well-preserved launch ramp used for testing self-propelled torpedoes on which in 1866 the first torpedo was tested.</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Croatian_National_Theatre_Ivan_pl._Zajc_in_Rijeka" class="mw-redirect" title="Croatian National Theatre Ivan pl. Zajc in Rijeka">Croatian National Theatre</a> building. Officially opened in October 1885, the grand theatre building includes work by the famous Venetian sculptor August Benvenuti and ceiling artist <a href="/wiki/Franz_Matsch" class="mw-redirect" title="Franz Matsch">Franz Matsch</a>, who collaborated with <a href="/wiki/Ernst_Klimt" title="Ernst Klimt">Ernst</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gustav_Klimt" title="Gustav Klimt">Gustav Klimt</a>.<figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pajol-Balthazartown-Beach-photo-by-Hrvoje-Franjic.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Pajol-Balthazartown-Beach-photo-by-Hrvoje-Franjic.jpg/220px-Pajol-Balthazartown-Beach-photo-by-Hrvoje-Franjic.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="329" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Pajol-Balthazartown-Beach-photo-by-Hrvoje-Franjic.jpg/330px-Pajol-Balthazartown-Beach-photo-by-Hrvoje-Franjic.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Pajol-Balthazartown-Beach-photo-by-Hrvoje-Franjic.jpg/440px-Pajol-Balthazartown-Beach-photo-by-Hrvoje-Franjic.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1002" data-file-height="1500" /></a><figcaption>Art installation "Balthazartown Beach" at beach Grčevo</figcaption></figure><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><span><video id="mwe_player_0" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Rijeka20200305_HNK-I.P.Zajc_CargoContainersTrain_noon_iPhoneMOVtoOGG.ogv/220px--Rijeka20200305_HNK-I.P.Zajc_CargoContainersTrain_noon_iPhoneMOVtoOGG.ogv.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" height="124" data-durationhint="39" data-mwtitle="Rijeka20200305_HNK-I.P.Zajc_CargoContainersTrain_noon_iPhoneMOVtoOGG.ogv" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:Rijeka20200305_HNK-I.P.Zajc_CargoContainersTrain_noon_iPhoneMOVtoOGG.ogv"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/99/Rijeka20200305_HNK-I.P.Zajc_CargoContainersTrain_noon_iPhoneMOVtoOGG.ogv/Rijeka20200305_HNK-I.P.Zajc_CargoContainersTrain_noon_iPhoneMOVtoOGG.ogv.480p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="480p.vp9.webm" data-width="854" data-height="480" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/99/Rijeka20200305_HNK-I.P.Zajc_CargoContainersTrain_noon_iPhoneMOVtoOGG.ogv" type="video/ogg; codecs="theora"" data-width="1920" data-height="1080" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/99/Rijeka20200305_HNK-I.P.Zajc_CargoContainersTrain_noon_iPhoneMOVtoOGG.ogv/Rijeka20200305_HNK-I.P.Zajc_CargoContainersTrain_noon_iPhoneMOVtoOGG.ogv.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="426" data-height="240" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/99/Rijeka20200305_HNK-I.P.Zajc_CargoContainersTrain_noon_iPhoneMOVtoOGG.ogv/Rijeka20200305_HNK-I.P.Zajc_CargoContainersTrain_noon_iPhoneMOVtoOGG.ogv.360p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="360p.vp9.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/99/Rijeka20200305_HNK-I.P.Zajc_CargoContainersTrain_noon_iPhoneMOVtoOGG.ogv/Rijeka20200305_HNK-I.P.Zajc_CargoContainersTrain_noon_iPhoneMOVtoOGG.ogv.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /></video></span><figcaption>Cityscape of square of Croatian National Theater I.pl. Zajc and cargo containers train</figcaption></figure></li> <li><i>Svetište Majke Božje Trsatske</i> – the Sanctuary of <a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Trsat" class="mw-redirect" title="Our Lady of Trsat">Our Lady of Trsat</a>. Built 135 m (443 ft) <a href="/wiki/Above_mean_sea_level" class="mw-redirect" title="Above mean sea level">above sea level</a> on the Trsat hill during the late Middle Ages, it represents the Guardian of Travellers, especially seamen, who bring offerings to her so she will guard them or help them in time of trouble or illness. It is home to the Gothic sculpture of the Madonna of Slunj and to works by the Baroque painter C. Tasce.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trsat_Castle" title="Trsat Castle">Trsat Castle</a>, a 13th-century fortress, which offers magnificent vistas from its bastions and ramparts, looking down the <a href="/wiki/Rje%C4%8Dina" title="Rječina">Rječina</a> river valley to the docks and the <a href="/wiki/Kvarner_Gulf" title="Kvarner Gulf">Kvarner Gulf</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petar_Kru%C5%BEi%C4%87_staircase" title="Petar Kružić staircase">Petar Kružić staircase</a> (or Trsat stairway), which links downtown Rijeka to <a href="/wiki/Trsat" title="Trsat">Trsat</a>. The stairway consists of 561 stone steps and was built for the pilgrims as the way to reach the Sanctuary of <a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Trsat" class="mw-redirect" title="Our Lady of Trsat">Our Lady of Trsat</a>.</li> <li>Old gate or Roman arch. At first it was thought that this was a Roman Triumphal Arch built by the Roman Emperor <a href="/wiki/Claudius_Gothicus" title="Claudius Gothicus">Claudius Gothicus</a> but later it was discovered to be just a portal to the <i><a href="/wiki/Pretorium" class="mw-redirect" title="Pretorium">pretorium</a></i>, the army command in late antiquity.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rijeka_Cathedral" title="Rijeka Cathedral">Rijeka Cathedral</a>, dedicated to St. Vitus.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palace_Modello_in_Rijeka" class="mw-redirect" title="Palace Modello in Rijeka">Palace Modello</a> designed by Buro <a href="/wiki/Fellner_%26_Helmer" title="Fellner & Helmer">Fellner & Helmer</a> and built in 1885.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stadion_Kantrida" title="Stadion Kantrida">Stadion Kantrida</a>, was included on CNN's list of the world's most iconic and unusual football stadiums in 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>Art installation "Masters"</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a <a href="/wiki/Site-specific_art" title="Site-specific art">site-specific art</a> installation by Czech artist Pavel Mrkus was permanently placed beneath the high ceiling vault on the inner balconies of Rijeka's fish market. The installation consists of a video segment - a projection of Mrkus's video recorded on the DIMI fishing trawler while fishing in the Kvarnerić waters – and it is accompanied by an audio segment of the sounds of the sea and a fishing boat that can only be heard in the fish market gallery. It is a story that pays homage to those who are never seen here, but without whom there would be no fish on the tables.</li> <li><b>Art installation "Balthazartown Beach"</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a <a href="/wiki/Site-specific_art" title="Site-specific art">site-specific art</a> installation found its place on the Grčevo beach, more commonly known as Pajol or Šestica, located at the very end of Pećine near the <a href="/wiki/Viktor_Lenac_Shipyard" title="Viktor Lenac Shipyard">Viktor Lenac Shipyard</a>. Under the mentorship of artist Igor Eškinja, students of the Academy of Applied Arts of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Rijeka" title="University of Rijeka">University of Rijeka</a> designed a steel sculpture that changes the observer's experience of the environment and they created 15 inscriptions on a concrete plateau that encourage everyone to play and are visible only when in contact with water. The artistic process is inspired by the theme of <a href="/wiki/Professor_Balthazar" title="Professor Balthazar">Professor Balthazar</a>, the world-famous and award-winning animated series, in which the scenographer used Rijeka as the primary inspiration in the creation of Balthazartown.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Climate">Climate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rijeka&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Climate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sablicevorijeka.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Sablicevorijeka.jpg/220px-Sablicevorijeka.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Sablicevorijeka.jpg/330px-Sablicevorijeka.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Sablicevorijeka.jpg/440px-Sablicevorijeka.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="674" /></a><figcaption>Sablićevo Beach</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Platak_snowboarding_0110_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Platak_snowboarding_0110_2.jpg/220px-Platak_snowboarding_0110_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Platak_snowboarding_0110_2.jpg/330px-Platak_snowboarding_0110_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Platak_snowboarding_0110_2.jpg/440px-Platak_snowboarding_0110_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="540" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Platak" title="Platak">Platak</a> ski resort, north of Rijeka</figcaption></figure> <p>Rijeka has a <a href="/wiki/Humid_subtropical_climate" title="Humid subtropical climate">humid subtropical climate</a> (Cfa by the <a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen climate classification</a>) with warm summers and relatively mild and rainy winters.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The terrain configuration, with mountains rising steeply just a few kilometres inland from the shores of the Adriatic, provides for some striking climatic and landscape contrasts within a small geographic area. Beaches can be enjoyed throughout summer in a typically <a href="/wiki/Mediterranean" class="mw-redirect" title="Mediterranean">Mediterranean</a> setting along the coastal areas of the city to the east (Pećine, <a href="/wiki/Kostrena" title="Kostrena">Kostrena</a>) and west (Kantrida, Preluk). At the same time, the ski resort of <a href="/wiki/Platak" title="Platak">Platak</a>, located only about 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) from the city, offers <a href="/wiki/Alpine_skiing" title="Alpine skiing">alpine skiing</a> and abundant snow during winter months (at times until early May). The <a href="/wiki/Kvarner_Bay" class="mw-redirect" title="Kvarner Bay">Kvarner Bay</a> and its islands are visible from the ski slopes.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Unlike typical mediterranean locations, Rijeka does generally not see a summer drought. Snow is rare (usually three days per year, almost always occurring in patches). There are 20 days a year with a maximum of 30 °C (86 °F) or higher, while on one day a year the temperature does not exceed 0 °C (32 °F).<sup id="cite_ref-normals_72-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-normals-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Fog appears in about four days per year, mainly in winter.<sup id="cite_ref-normals_72-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-normals-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The climate is also characterized by frequent rainfall. Cold (<a href="/wiki/Bora_(wind)" title="Bora (wind)">bora</a>) winds are common in wintertime. </p> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for Rijeka (1971–2000, extremes 1948–present) </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF9429; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.0<br />(68.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF8A16; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.4<br />(70.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF7800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.0<br />(75.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF5600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29.0<br />(84.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF3500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.7<br />(92.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF2000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.8<br />(98.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF0A00; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">40.0<br />(104.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF0F00; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">39.2<br />(102.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF2E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">34.8<br />(94.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF5700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.8<br />(83.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF6E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.5<br />(77.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF9123; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.4<br />(68.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF0A00; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">40.0<br />(104.0) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFDFBF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.1<br />(48.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFD9B4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.9<br />(49.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFC78F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.6<br />(54.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFB061; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.9<br />(60.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF8C1A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.1<br />(70.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF7400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.6<br />(76.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF5D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.9<br />(82.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF5C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.1<br />(82.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF7C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.5<br />(74.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF9E3E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.5<br />(65.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFC387; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.2<br />(55.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFD8B1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.1<br />(50.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFA246; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">17.9<br />(64.2) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFF6ED; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.8<br />(42.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFF2E6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.3<br />(43.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFE1C3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.8<br />(47.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFCB97; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.0<br />(53.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFAA55; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.8<br />(62.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF9225; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.3<br />(68.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF7E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.1<br />(73.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF7E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.1<br />(73.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF9C39; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.8<br />(65.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFBC79; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.2<br />(57.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFDBB8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.6<br />(49.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFEFDF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.8<br />(44.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFBE7E; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">13.8<br />(56.8) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #F6F6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.9<br />(37.2) </td> <td style="background: #F7F7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.2<br />(37.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFF8F1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.5<br />(41.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFE4C9; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.4<br />(47.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFC58C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.8<br />(55.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFAF60; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.0<br />(60.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF9D3C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.6<br />(65.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF9D3C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.6<br />(65.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFB76F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.9<br />(58.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFD2A6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.9<br />(51.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFF0E2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.6<br />(43.9) </td> <td style="background: #FCFCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.0<br />(39.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFD7B0; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">10.2<br />(50.4) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #A9A9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−11.4<br />(11.5) </td> <td style="background: #A1A1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−12.8<br />(9.0) </td> <td style="background: #BDBDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−7.7<br />(18.1) </td> <td style="background: #E5E5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−0.2<br />(31.6) </td> <td style="background: #F2F2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.1<br />(35.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFEBD7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.4<br />(45.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFD6AD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.4<br />(50.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFDFBF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.1<br />(48.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFFCFA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.8<br />(40.6) </td> <td style="background: #E0E0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−1.2<br />(29.8) </td> <td style="background: #CECEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−4.5<br />(23.9) </td> <td style="background: #B6B6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−8.9<br />(16.0) </td> <td style="background: #A1A1FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">−12.8<br />(9.0) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #3FFF3F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">128.7<br />(5.07) </td> <td style="background: #54FF54; color:#000000;" class="notheme">104.1<br />(4.10) </td> <td style="background: #56FF56; color:#000000;" class="notheme">113.0<br />(4.45) </td> <td style="background: #4FFF4F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">113.8<br />(4.48) </td> <td style="background: #65FF65; color:#000000;" class="notheme">103.3<br />(4.07) </td> <td style="background: #46FF46; color:#000000;" class="notheme">119.9<br />(4.72) </td> <td style="background: #96FF96; color:#000000;" class="notheme">70.1<br />(2.76) </td> <td style="background: #67FF67; color:#000000;" class="notheme">101.5<br />(4.00) </td> <td style="background: #0EFF0E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">156.5<br />(6.16) </td> <td style="background: #00CE00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">203.9<br />(8.03) </td> <td style="background: #00E500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">181.9<br />(7.16) </td> <td style="background: #17FF17; color:#000000;" class="notheme">155.6<br />(6.13) </td> <td style="background: #3AFF3A; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">1,552.4<br />(61.12) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average precipitation days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 0.1 mm)</span> </th> <td style="background: #7A7AFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.7 </td> <td style="background: #8B8BFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.5 </td> <td style="background: #7F7FFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.3 </td> <td style="background: #5E5EFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">12.6 </td> <td style="background: #6464FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">12.5 </td> <td style="background: #6262FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">12.3 </td> <td style="background: #9292FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.8 </td> <td style="background: #8F8FFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.0 </td> <td style="background: #7777FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.6 </td> <td style="background: #6969FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.1 </td> <td style="background: #6969FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.7 </td> <td style="background: #7474FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.2 </td> <td style="background: #7676FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">130.1 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average snowy days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 1.0 cm)</span> </th> <td style="background: #F5F5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.8 </td> <td style="background: #FAFAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.3 </td> <td style="background: #FCFCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.2 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FDFDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.1 </td> <td style="background: #FDFDFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">1.4 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Relative_humidity" class="mw-redirect" title="Relative humidity">relative humidity</a> (%) </th> <td style="background: #0606FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">65.1 </td> <td style="background: #1818FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">60.3 </td> <td style="background: #1717FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">60.4 </td> <td style="background: #0F0FFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">62.6 </td> <td style="background: #0B0BFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">63.7 </td> <td style="background: #1010FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">62.4 </td> <td style="background: #2727FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">56.4 </td> <td style="background: #2828FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">56.0 </td> <td style="background: #0B0BFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">63.7 </td> <td style="background: #0000FC; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">67.4 </td> <td style="background: #0000FC; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">67.3 </td> <td style="background: #0101FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">66.4 </td> <td style="background: #0F0FFF; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">62.7 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean monthly <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">sunshine hours</a> </th> <td style="background: #B2B277; color:#000000;" class="notheme">111.6 </td> <td style="background: #C3C311; color:#000000;" class="notheme">135.6 </td> <td style="background: #C6C600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">155.0 </td> <td style="background: #D0D000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">171.0 </td> <td style="background: #DFDF00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">232.5 </td> <td style="background: #E4E400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">249.0 </td> <td style="background: #EEEE0A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">297.6 </td> <td style="background: #E9E900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">279.0 </td> <td style="background: #D9D900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">201.0 </td> <td style="background: #C9C900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">161.2 </td> <td style="background: #B3B36E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">111.0 </td> <td style="background: #ACAC99; color:#000000;" class="notheme">99.2 </td> <td style="background: #D4D400; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">2,203.7 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily <a href="/wiki/Daytime" title="Daytime">daylight hours</a> </th> <td style="background: #ECEC05; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.2 </td> <td style="background: #F4F41A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.4 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF35; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF51; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.6 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF68; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.9 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF74; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.6 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF6E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.3 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF58; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF3E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.5 </td> <td style="background: #F8F823; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.9 </td> <td style="background: #EEEE0A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.5 </td> <td style="background: #E9E900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.8 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF39; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">12.2 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Percent <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">possible sunshine</a> </th> <td style="background: #EFEF0E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">41 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF33; color:#000000;" class="notheme">50 </td> <td style="background: #F9F926; color:#000000;" class="notheme">47 </td> <td style="background: #F9F926; color:#000000;" class="notheme">47 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF4F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">57 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF5F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">61 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF88; color:#000000;" class="notheme">71 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF88; color:#000000;" class="notheme">71 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF53; color:#000000;" class="notheme">58 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF37; color:#000000;" class="notheme">51 </td> <td style="background: #F1F112; color:#000000;" class="notheme">42 </td> <td style="background: #EEEE0A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">40 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF47; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">55 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Ultraviolet_index" title="Ultraviolet index">ultraviolet index</a> </th> <td style="background: #3EA72D; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">1 </td> <td style="background: #3EA72D; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">2 </td> <td style="background: #FFF300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3 </td> <td style="background: #FFF300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5 </td> <td style="background: #F18B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7 </td> <td style="background: #E53210; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">8 </td> <td style="background: #E53210; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">8 </td> <td style="background: #F18B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7 </td> <td style="background: #FFF300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5 </td> <td style="background: #FFF300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3 </td> <td style="background: #3EA72D; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">2 </td> <td style="background: #3EA72D; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">1 </td> <td style="background: #FFF300; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">4 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 1: <a href="/wiki/Croatian_Meteorological_and_Hydrological_Service" title="Croatian Meteorological and Hydrological Service">Croatian Meteorological and Hydrological Service</a><sup id="cite_ref-normals_72-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-normals-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-monthlyvalues_73-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-monthlyvalues-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 2: Weather Atlas(Daylight-UV)<sup id="cite_ref-Weather_Atlas_74-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Weather_Atlas-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <table style="width:100%;text-align:center;line-height:1.2em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto" class="wikitable mw-collapsible"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for Rijeka </th></tr> <tr> <th>Month </th> <th>Jan </th> <th>Feb </th> <th>Mar </th> <th>Apr </th> <th>May </th> <th>Jun </th> <th>Jul </th> <th>Aug </th> <th>Sep </th> <th>Oct </th> <th>Nov </th> <th>Dec </th> <th style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr> <th>Average sea temperature °C (°F) </th> <td style="background:#ABABFF;color:#000000;">11.4<br />(52.6) </td> <td style="background:#9F9FFF;color:#000000;">10.7<br />(51.2) </td> <td style="background:#A8A8FF;color:#000000;">11.3<br />(52.3) </td> <td style="background:#CACAFF;color:#000000;">13.7<br />(56.6) </td> <td style="background:#FFEDB2;color:#000000;">18.0<br />(64.3) </td> <td style="background:#FF9100;color:#000000;">22.6<br />(72.7) </td> <td style="background:#FF6700;color:#000000;">24.8<br />(76.5) </td> <td style="background:#FF6400;color:#000000;">24.9<br />(76.8) </td> <td style="background:#FF7F00;color:#000000;">23.4<br />(74.1) </td> <td style="background:#FFCD2A;color:#000000;">19.5<br />(67.1) </td> <td style="background:#FDFDFF;color:#000000;">16.8<br />(62.2) </td> <td style="background:#D4D4FF;color:#000000;">14.3<br />(57.7) </td> <td style="background:#FFF3CE;color:#000000;border-left-width:medium">17.6<br />(63.6) </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="14" style="background:#f8f9fa;font-weight:normal;font-size:95%;">Source: Weather Atlas<sup id="cite_ref-Weather_Atlas_74-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Weather_Atlas-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr></tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 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.navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Places_adjacent_to_Rijeka" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Adjacent_communities" title="Template:Adjacent communities"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Adjacent_communities" title="Template talk:Adjacent communities"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Adjacent_communities" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Adjacent communities"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Places_adjacent_to_Rijeka" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Places adjacent to Rijeka</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><table role="presentation" style="width:100%; margin:0; text-align:center;"><tbody><tr> <td>75 km (47 mi) to <a href="/wiki/Trieste" title="Trieste">Trieste</a></td> <td>114 km (71 mi) to <a href="/wiki/Ljubljana" title="Ljubljana">Ljubljana</a></td> <td>167 km (104 mi) to <a href="/wiki/Zagreb" title="Zagreb">Zagreb</a></td> </tr><tr> <td></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="North"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Pfeil_oben.svg/14px-Pfeil_oben.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Pfeil_oben.svg/21px-Pfeil_oben.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Pfeil_oben.svg/28px-Pfeil_oben.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></td> <td></td> </tr><tr> <td style="width:33%">14 km (9 mi) to <a href="/wiki/Opatija" title="Opatija">Opatija</a></td> <td style="width:33%;"> <div style="white-space:nowrap;"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span title="West"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Pfeil_links.svg/17px-Pfeil_links.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Pfeil_links.svg/25px-Pfeil_links.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Pfeil_links.svg/34px-Pfeil_links.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="500" /></span></span><b style="display:inline-block; vertical-align:middle; margin:0.75em 1em">Rijeka</b><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span title="East"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pfeil_rechts.svg/17px-Pfeil_rechts.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pfeil_rechts.svg/25px-Pfeil_rechts.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pfeil_rechts.svg/34px-Pfeil_rechts.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div> </td> <td style="width:33%">580 km (360 mi) to <a href="/wiki/Belgrade" title="Belgrade">Belgrade</a></td> </tr><tr> <td></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="South"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/14px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/21px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/28px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></td> <td></td> </tr><tr> <td>106 km (66 mi) to <a href="/wiki/Pula" title="Pula">Pula</a></td> <td>75 km (47 mi) to <a href="/wiki/Cres" title="Cres">Cres</a></td> <td>35 km (22 mi) to <a href="/wiki/Crikvenica" title="Crikvenica">Crikvenica</a></td> </tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transport">Transport</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rijeka&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Transport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Port_of_Rijeka" title="Port of Rijeka">Port of Rijeka</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rijeka_Airport" title="Rijeka Airport">Rijeka Airport</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Overview_RJK_12082010.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Overview_RJK_12082010.jpg/300px-Overview_RJK_12082010.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="183" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Overview_RJK_12082010.jpg/450px-Overview_RJK_12082010.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Overview_RJK_12082010.jpg/600px-Overview_RJK_12082010.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="731" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Rijeka_Airport" title="Rijeka Airport">Rijeka international Airport</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:H%C5%BD_7123_series_DMU_(01).JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/H%C5%BD_7123_series_DMU_%2801%29.JPG/220px-H%C5%BD_7123_series_DMU_%2801%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/H%C5%BD_7123_series_DMU_%2801%29.JPG/330px-H%C5%BD_7123_series_DMU_%2801%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/H%C5%BD_7123_series_DMU_%2801%29.JPG/440px-H%C5%BD_7123_series_DMU_%2801%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption>Railway in Rijeka</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Adriatic_ferry_Rijeka_harbour.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Adriatic_ferry_Rijeka_harbour.jpg/220px-Adriatic_ferry_Rijeka_harbour.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Adriatic_ferry_Rijeka_harbour.jpg/330px-Adriatic_ferry_Rijeka_harbour.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Adriatic_ferry_Rijeka_harbour.jpg/440px-Adriatic_ferry_Rijeka_harbour.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Ferry in Rijeka harbour</figcaption></figure> <p>The Port of Rijeka is the largest port in Croatia, with a cargo throughput in 2017 of 12.6 million tonnes, mostly crude oil and refined petroleum products, general cargo and <a href="/wiki/Bulk_cargo" title="Bulk cargo">bulk cargo</a>, and 260,337 <a href="/wiki/Twenty-foot_equivalent_unit" title="Twenty-foot equivalent unit">twenty-foot equivalent units</a> (TEUs).<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The port is managed by the Port of Rijeka Authority. The first record of a port in Rijeka date back to 1281, and in 1719, the Port of Rijeka was granted a charter as a free port. There are ferry connections between Rijeka and the surrounding islands and cities, but no direct international passenger ship connections. There are coastal lines to <a href="/wiki/Split,_Croatia" title="Split, Croatia">Split</a> and onward to <a href="/wiki/Dubrovnik" title="Dubrovnik">Dubrovnik</a>, which operate twice weekly and have international connections. </p><p>The city is difficult to get to by air outside of the tourist season. The city's own international airport, <a href="/wiki/Rijeka_Airport" title="Rijeka Airport">Rijeka Airport</a> is located on the nearby island of Krk across the <a href="/wiki/Krk_Bridge" title="Krk Bridge">Krk Bridge</a>. Buses, with a journey time of approximately 45 minutes, operate from Rijeka city center and nearby <a href="/wiki/Opatija" title="Opatija">Opatija</a>, with a schedule based on the planned arrival and departure times of flights. Handling 200,841 passengers in 2019, the facility is more of a charter airport than a serious <a href="/wiki/Transport_hub" title="Transport hub">transport hub</a>, although various scheduled airlines have begun to service it with a comparatively large number of flights coming from airports in <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a>. Most of these flights only operate during the tourist season between approximately May and October. Alternative nearby airports include <a href="/wiki/Pula_Airport" title="Pula Airport">Pula</a> (around 90 minutes drive from Rijeka), <a href="/wiki/Trieste_Airport" title="Trieste Airport">Trieste</a> (around 90 minutes), <a href="/wiki/Ljubljana_Jo%C5%BEe_Pu%C4%8Dnik_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Ljubljana Jože Pučnik Airport">Ljubljana</a> (around 2 hours), <a href="/wiki/Zagreb_Airport" title="Zagreb Airport">Zagreb</a> (around 2 hours) and <a href="/wiki/Venice_Marco_Polo_Airport" title="Venice Marco Polo Airport">Venice</a> (around 3 hours). </p><p>Rijeka has efficient road connections to other parts of Croatia and neighbouring countries. The <a href="/wiki/A6_(Croatia)" title="A6 (Croatia)">A6 motorway</a> connects Rijeka to Zagreb via the <a href="/wiki/A1_(Croatia)" title="A1 (Croatia)">A1</a>, while the <a href="/wiki/A7_(Croatia)" title="A7 (Croatia)">A7 motorway</a>, completed in 2004, links Rijeka with Ljubljana, Slovenia, via <a href="/wiki/Ilirska_Bistrica" title="Ilirska Bistrica">Ilirska Bistrica</a> and with Trieste, Italy. The A7 acts as the Rijeka bypass motorway and facilitates access to the <a href="/wiki/A8_(Croatia)" title="A8 (Croatia)">A8 motorway</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Istrian_Y" title="Istrian Y">Istrian Y</a> network starting with the <a href="/wiki/U%C4%8Dka_Tunnel" title="Učka Tunnel">Učka Tunnel</a>, and linking Rijeka with Istria. As of August 2011, the bypass is being extended eastwards to the Krk Bridge area and new feeder roads are under construction. </p><p>Rijeka is integrated into the <a href="/wiki/Croatian_Railways" title="Croatian Railways">Croatian railway</a> network and international rail lines. A fully electrified railway connects Rijeka to Zagreb and beyond towards <a href="/wiki/Koprivnica" title="Koprivnica">Koprivnica</a> and the Hungarian border as part of <a href="/wiki/Pan-European_corridors" title="Pan-European corridors">Pan-European corridor Vb</a>. Rijeka is also connected to Trieste and Ljubljana by a separate electrified line that extends northwards from the city. Rijeka has direct connections by daily/night trains to Prague, München, Salzburg, Ljubljana, Bratislava and Brno. Construction of a new high performance railway between Rijeka and Zagreb, extending to Budapest is planned, as well as rail links connecting Rijeka to the island of Krk and between Rijeka and <a href="/wiki/Pula" title="Pula">Pula</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bus_connections">Bus connections</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rijeka&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Bus connections"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Rijeka Bus Station is connected by regular bus lines with all major Croatian cities such as Zagreb, Osijek, Slavonski Brod, Đakovo, Nova Gradiška, Požega, Vukovar, Gospić, Karlovac, Zadar, Šibenik, Split, Makarska and Dubrovnik. Departures are frequent in the direction of Istria, the islands of Cres, Lošinj, Krk, Rab and Pag and the towns around Crikvenica, Novi Vinodolski and Senj. From international lines, there are regular departures in the direction of Germany, Switzerland, Italy, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Serbia.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>KD Autotrolej d.o.o. is a carrier of passengers in the area of the City of Rijeka and cities / towns in the suburbs (the so-called Rijeka ring).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sports">Sports</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rijeka&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Sports"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The history of Rijeka's organised sports started between 1885 and 1888 with the foundation of the Club Alpino Fiumano in 1885, the Young American Cycle Club in 1887 (the first club of this American league to be founded in a foreign land), and the Nautico Sport Club Quarnero in 1888 by the Hungarian minority of the city. Even earlier, in 1873, following the initiative by Robert Whitehead, the first <a href="/wiki/Association_football" title="Association football">football</a> match to be disputed in today's Republic of Croatia territory was played in Rijeka: the Hungarian Railways team and the English engineers-led team of the Stabilimento Tecnico di Fiume (later Torpedo Factory of Fiume). The first football club in Fiume was founded under the name of Fiumei Atletikai Club. </p><p>Today, <a href="/wiki/HNK_Rijeka" title="HNK Rijeka">HNK Rijeka</a> is the city's main football team, which competes in the <a href="/wiki/Croatian_Football_League" title="Croatian Football League">Croatian Football League</a>. They were the champions of Croatia in <a href="/wiki/2016%E2%80%9317_Croatian_First_Football_League" title="2016–17 Croatian First Football League">2016–17</a>. Until July 2015, HNK Rijeka was based at the iconic <a href="/wiki/Stadion_Kantrida" title="Stadion Kantrida">Stadion Kantrida</a>. With Kantrida awaiting reconstruction, they are based at the newly built <a href="/wiki/Stadion_Rujevica" title="Stadion Rujevica">Stadion Rujevica</a>, their temporary home in the club's new training camp. Additionally, <a href="/wiki/HNK_Orijent" title="HNK Orijent">HNK Orijent</a> is based in <a href="/wiki/Su%C5%A1ak,_Rijeka" title="Sušak, Rijeka">Sušak</a> and plays in the <a href="/wiki/First_Football_League_(Croatia)" title="First Football League (Croatia)">First Football League</a> (second tier). </p><p>Rijeka's other notable sports clubs include <a href="/wiki/RK_Zamet" title="RK Zamet">RK Zamet</a> and <a href="/wiki/%C5%BDRK_Zamet" title="ŽRK Zamet">ŽRK Zamet</a> (<a href="/wiki/Handball" title="Handball">handball</a>), <a href="/wiki/Primorje_EB" class="mw-redirect" title="Primorje EB">VK Primorje EB</a> (<a href="/wiki/Water_polo" title="Water polo">water polo</a>), <a href="/wiki/KK_Kvarner_2010" title="KK Kvarner 2010">KK Kvarner</a> (<a href="/wiki/Basketball" title="Basketball">basketball</a>) and <a href="/wiki/%C5%BDOK_Rijeka" title="ŽOK Rijeka">ŽOK Rijeka</a> (women's <a href="/wiki/Volleyball" title="Volleyball">volleyball</a>). </p><p>Between 1969 and 1990, Rijeka hosted the <a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_motorcycle_Grand_Prix" title="Yugoslav motorcycle Grand Prix">Yugoslav motorcycle Grand Prix</a> that was part of the <a href="/wiki/Grand_Prix_motorcycle_racing" title="Grand Prix motorcycle racing">Grand Prix motorcycle racing</a>. Rijeka also hosted the <a href="/wiki/European_Short_Course_Swimming_Championships_2008" class="mw-redirect" title="European Short Course Swimming Championships 2008">2008 European Short Course Swimming Championships</a>. In over 80 years, LEN had never seen so many records as the number set at <i>Bazeni Kantrida</i> (Kantrida Swimming Complex). A total of 14 European records were set, of which 10 were world records, and even 7 were world-best times. This championship also presented a record in the number of participating countries. There were more than 600 top athletes from some 50 European countries. Swimmers from 21 nations won medals, and 40 of the 51 national member Federations of LEN were present in Rijeka. </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1248256098"><div class="mod-gallery mod-gallery-default"><div class="main"><div><ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional nochecker bordered-images whitebg"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bazeni_Kantrida_130610_23.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bazeni Kantrida, site of the 2008 European Short Course Swimming Championships"><img alt="Bazeni Kantrida, site of the 2008 European Short Course Swimming Championships" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Bazeni_Kantrida_130610_23.jpg/180px-Bazeni_Kantrida_130610_23.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Bazeni_Kantrida_130610_23.jpg/270px-Bazeni_Kantrida_130610_23.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Bazeni_Kantrida_130610_23.jpg/360px-Bazeni_Kantrida_130610_23.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="665" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Bazeni Kantrida, site of the <a href="/wiki/2008_European_Short_Course_Swimming_Championships" title="2008 European Short Course Swimming Championships">2008 European Short Course Swimming Championships</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Stadion_Kantrida_Rijeka_13032012_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Stadion Kantrida"><img alt="Stadion Kantrida" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Stadion_Kantrida_Rijeka_13032012_2.jpg/180px-Stadion_Kantrida_Rijeka_13032012_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="122" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Stadion_Kantrida_Rijeka_13032012_2.jpg/270px-Stadion_Kantrida_Rijeka_13032012_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Stadion_Kantrida_Rijeka_13032012_2.jpg/360px-Stadion_Kantrida_Rijeka_13032012_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="543" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Stadion_Kantrida" title="Stadion Kantrida">Stadion Kantrida</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Rujevica_stadium,_Rijeka,_Croatia.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Stadion Rujevica"><img alt="Stadion Rujevica" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Rujevica_stadium%2C_Rijeka%2C_Croatia.jpg/180px-Rujevica_stadium%2C_Rijeka%2C_Croatia.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="137" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Rujevica_stadium%2C_Rijeka%2C_Croatia.jpg/270px-Rujevica_stadium%2C_Rijeka%2C_Croatia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Rujevica_stadium%2C_Rijeka%2C_Croatia.jpg/360px-Rujevica_stadium%2C_Rijeka%2C_Croatia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="911" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Stadion_Rujevica" title="Stadion Rujevica">Stadion Rujevica</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sportska_dvorana_Zamet_Rijeka_13032012_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Centar Zamet"><img alt="Centar Zamet" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Sportska_dvorana_Zamet_Rijeka_13032012_2.jpg/180px-Sportska_dvorana_Zamet_Rijeka_13032012_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Sportska_dvorana_Zamet_Rijeka_13032012_2.jpg/270px-Sportska_dvorana_Zamet_Rijeka_13032012_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Sportska_dvorana_Zamet_Rijeka_13032012_2.jpg/360px-Sportska_dvorana_Zamet_Rijeka_13032012_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="532" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Centar_Zamet" title="Centar Zamet">Centar Zamet</a></div> </li> </ul></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="International_relations">International relations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rijeka&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: International relations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_twin_towns_and_sister_cities_in_Croatia" title="List of twin towns and sister cities in Croatia">List of twin towns and sister cities in Croatia</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Twin_towns_–_sister_cities"><span id="Twin_towns_.E2.80.93_sister_cities"></span>Twin towns – sister cities</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rijeka&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Twin towns – sister cities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lanterna_Kawasaki_Rijeka_040408.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Lanterna_Kawasaki_Rijeka_040408.jpg/170px-Lanterna_Kawasaki_Rijeka_040408.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Lanterna_Kawasaki_Rijeka_040408.jpg/255px-Lanterna_Kawasaki_Rijeka_040408.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Lanterna_Kawasaki_Rijeka_040408.jpg/340px-Lanterna_Kawasaki_Rijeka_040408.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="1067" /></a><figcaption>Lantern, a gift from the Japanese city <a href="/wiki/Kawasaki,_Kanagawa" title="Kawasaki, Kanagawa">Kawasaki</a> to the Rijeka</figcaption></figure> <p>Rijeka is <a href="/wiki/Sister_cities" class="mw-redirect" title="Sister cities">twinned</a> with:<sup id="cite_ref-Rijeka_sister_cities_77-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rijeka_sister_cities-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr valign="top"> <td> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Ljubljana" title="Ljubljana">Ljubljana</a>, Slovenia<sup id="cite_ref-Ljubljana_twinnings_78-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ljubljana_twinnings-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Montenegro.svg/23px-Flag_of_Montenegro.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Montenegro.svg/35px-Flag_of_Montenegro.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Montenegro.svg/46px-Flag_of_Montenegro.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Cetinje" title="Cetinje">Cetinje</a>, Montenegro</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/23px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/35px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/46px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Bitola" title="Bitola">Bitola</a>, North Macedonia</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/35px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/46px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Csepel" title="Csepel">Csepel</a>, Hungary</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Burgas" title="Burgas">Burgas</a>, Bulgaria</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1350" data-file-height="900" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Novi_Sad" title="Novi Sad">Novi Sad</a>, Serbia</li></ul> </td> <td> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Faenza" title="Faenza">Faenza</a>, Italy</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Este,_Italy" class="mw-redirect" title="Este, Italy">Este</a>, Italy</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Genoa" title="Genoa">Genoa</a>, Italy</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Imola" title="Imola">Imola</a>, Italy</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Trieste" title="Trieste">Trieste</a>, Italy</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a>, Italy</li></ul> </td> <td> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Rostock" title="Rostock">Rostock</a>, Germany</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Neuss" title="Neuss">Neuss</a>, Germany</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Hamburg" title="Hamburg">Hamburg</a>, Germany</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Karlsruhe" title="Karlsruhe">Karlsruhe</a>, Germany</li></ul> </td> <td> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kawasaki,_Kanagawa" title="Kawasaki, Kanagawa">Kawasaki</a>, Japan</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Yalta" title="Yalta">Yalta</a>, Ukraine</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Qingdao" title="Qingdao">Qingdao</a>, China</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Dalian" title="Dalian">Dalian</a>, China<sup id="cite_ref-sister_79-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sister-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Ningbo" title="Ningbo">Ningbo</a>, China<sup id="cite_ref-sister_79-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sister-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_popular_culture">In popular culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rijeka&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: In popular culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The German <a href="/wiki/Western_(genre)" title="Western (genre)">western</a> <a href="/wiki/Winnetou" title="Winnetou">Winnetou</a> movies from the 1960s, based on <a href="/wiki/Karl_May" title="Karl May">Karl May</a> novels, were in part filmed on location in the outskirts of Rijeka.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Marvel_Comics" title="Marvel Comics">Marvel</a>'s villain <a href="/wiki/Purple_Man" title="Purple Man">Purple Man</a> originates from this city, and Rijeka has been present in many of the character's stories. </p><p>The setting of the 1970s cartoon series <i><a href="/wiki/Professor_Balthazar" title="Professor Balthazar">Professor Balthazar</a></i> was inspired by Rijeka.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The 1980s American TV series <i><a href="/wiki/The_Winds_of_War_(miniseries)" title="The Winds of War (miniseries)">The Winds of War</a></i> was in part filmed in Rijeka and the surrounding areas.<sup id="cite_ref-newspapers.com_82-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-newspapers.com-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A stylised version of Fiume during the 1920s was one of the main settings in the 1992 movie <i><a href="/wiki/Porco_Rosso" title="Porco Rosso">Porco Rosso</a></i> by world acclaimed Japanese director <a href="/wiki/Hayao_Miyazaki" title="Hayao Miyazaki">Hayao Miyazaki</a>, as the town in front of which the fantastical "Hotel Adriano" is found and to which it is connected by a boat service taken by the protagonist.<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Bruce_Sterling" title="Bruce Sterling">Bruce Sterling</a>'s November 2016 novel, written in collaboration with <a href="/wiki/Warren_Ellis" title="Warren Ellis">Warren Ellis</a>, <i>Pirate Utopia</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a <a href="/wiki/Dieselpunk" title="Dieselpunk">dieselpunk</a> alternative history, is set in Fiume (now Rijeka) in 1920 during the short-lived Italian Regency of Carnaro.<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The TV series <i><a href="/wiki/Novine" title="Novine">Novine</a></i> (<i>The Paper</i>),<sup id="cite_ref-netflix_86-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-netflix-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-imdb_87-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-imdb-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which has been streaming on <a href="/wiki/Netflix" title="Netflix">Netflix</a> since April 2018, is based in Rijeka and the city was used as the main <a href="/wiki/Filming_location" title="Filming location">filming location</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2019 the movie <i><a href="/wiki/The_Hitman%27s_Wife%27s_Bodyguard" class="mw-redirect" title="The Hitman's Wife's Bodyguard">The Hitman's Wife's Bodyguard</a></i> with was in part filmed in Rijeka.<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Recently Rijeka - with its <a href="/wiki/Industrial_archaeology" title="Industrial archaeology">historic industrial sites</a>, unusual hilly setting, sweeping views and retro architecture - has become a popular location for the filming of <a href="/wiki/Television_advertisement" title="Television advertisement">TV-advertisements</a>. Examples include advertisements for the Belgian internet provider <a href="/wiki/Telenet" title="Telenet">Telenet</a>, <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japanese</a> tire manufacturer <a href="/wiki/Bridgestone" title="Bridgestone">Bridgestone</a>, German retail chain <a href="/wiki/Dm-drogerie_markt" title="Dm-drogerie markt">DM</a>, Japanese <a href="/wiki/Honda_Civic" title="Honda Civic">Honda Civic</a> Type R cars, <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukrainian</a> seafood restaurant chain Flagman, Slovenian soft drink brand <a href="/wiki/Cockta" title="Cockta">Cockta</a>, German car manufacturer <a href="/wiki/Mercedes-Benz" title="Mercedes-Benz">Mercedes</a> and others.<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rijeka&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/32px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/48px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/64px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Croatia" title="Portal:Croatia">Croatia portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Rijeka">Quotes about Rijeka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cavle" title="Čavle">Čavle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charter_of_Carnaro" class="mw-redirect" title="Charter of Carnaro">Charter of Carnaro</a> was the constitution of the <a href="/wiki/Italian_Regency_of_Carnaro" title="Italian Regency of Carnaro">Italian Regency of Carnaro</a>, a short-lived government in Fiume (Rijeka)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crikvenica" title="Crikvenica">Crikvenica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drenova,_Rijeka" title="Drenova, Rijeka">Drenova, Rijeka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_State_of_Fiume" title="Free State of Fiume">Fiume (disambiguation)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Croatia" title="Geography of Croatia">Geography of Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilario_Carposio" title="Ilario Carposio">Ilario Carposio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kastav" title="Kastav">Kastav</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kostrena" title="Kostrena">Kostrena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kvarner_Gulf" title="Kvarner Gulf">Kvarner Gulf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_and_heads_of_state_of_Fiume" title="List of governors and heads of state of Fiume">List of governors and heads of state of Fiume</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Primorje-Gorski_Kotar_County" title="Primorje-Gorski Kotar County">Primorje-Gorski Kotar County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Whitehead" title="Robert Whitehead">Robert Whitehead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rje%C4%8Dina" title="Rječina">Rječina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Su%C5%A1ak,_Rijeka" title="Sušak, Rijeka">Sušak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trsat" title="Trsat">Trsat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fu%C5%BEine,_Croatia" title="Fužine, Croatia">Fužine</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rijeka&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'r' in 'rye'">r</span><span title="/i/: 'y' in 'happy'">i</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="/ɛ/: 'e' in 'dress'">ɛ</span><span title="'k' in 'kind'">k</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span></span>,<span class="wrap"> </span><span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'r' in 'rye'">r</span><span title="/i/: 'y' in 'happy'">i</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="/eɪ/: 'a' in 'face'">eɪ</span><span title="'k' in 'kind'">k</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span></span>/</a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling">ree-<span style="font-size:90%">EK</span>-ə, ree-<span style="font-size:90%">AY</span>-kə</i></a>, <span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small"><a href="/wiki/American_English" title="American English">US</a> also </span><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'r' in 'rye'">r</span><span title="/i/: 'y' in 'happy'">i</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="/j/: 'y' in 'yes'">j</span><span title="/ɛ/: 'e' in 'dress'">ɛ</span><span title="'k' in 'kind'">k</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span></span>/</a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling">ree-<span style="font-size:90%">YEK</span>-ə</i></a>,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>; local <a href="/wiki/Chakavian_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Chakavian language">Chakavian</a>: <i lang="ckm">Reka</i> or <span title="Chakavian-language text"><i lang="ckm">Rika</i></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rijeka&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rijeka&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Rijeka#Bibliography" title="Timeline of Rijeka">Bibliography of the history of Rijeka</a></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFCresswellAtkinsDunn2006" class="citation book cs1">Cresswell, Peterjon; Atkins, Ismay; Dunn, Lily (10 July 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=VZweAAAACAAJ"><i>Time Out Croatia</i></a> (First ed.). London, Berkeley & Toronto: Time Out Group Ltd & Ebury Publishing, <a href="/wiki/Random_House" title="Random House">Random House Ltd.</a> 20 Vauxhall Bridge Road, London SV1V 2SA. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-904978-70-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-904978-70-1"><bdi>978-1-904978-70-1</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 March</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Time+Out+Croatia&rft.place=London%2C+Berkeley+%26+Toronto&rft.edition=First&rft.pub=Time+Out+Group+Ltd+%26+Ebury+Publishing%2C+Random+House+Ltd.+20+Vauxhall+Bridge+Road%2C+London+SV1V+2SA&rft.date=2006-07-10&rft.isbn=978-1-904978-70-1&rft.aulast=Cresswell&rft.aufirst=Peterjon&rft.au=Atkins%2C+Ismay&rft.au=Dunn%2C+Lily&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DVZweAAAACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARijeka" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Reill, Dominique Kirchner. <i>The Fiume Crisis: Life in the Wake of the Habsburg Empire</i> (2020) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/download/65782447/Hungarian_Review_3_Ordasi_on_Reill_kesz.pdf">online review</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged May 2023">dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Notes_2">Notes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rijeka&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dgu.gov.hr/registar-prostornih-jedinica-172/172"><i>Register of spatial units of the State Geodetic Administration of the Republic of Croatia</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/WDQ_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="WDQ (identifier)">Wikidata</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q119585703" class="extiw" title="d:Q119585703">Q119585703</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Register+of+spatial+units+of+the+State+Geodetic+Administration+of+the+Republic+of+Croatia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdgu.gov.hr%2Fregistar-prostornih-jedinica-172%2F172&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARijeka" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Census_2021-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Census_2021_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Census_2021_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://podaci.dzs.hr/media/rqybclnx/popis_2021-stanovnistvo_po_naseljima.xlsx">"Population by Age and Sex, by Settlements"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(xlsx)</span>. <i>Census of Population, Households and Dwellings in 2021</i>. Zagreb: <a href="/wiki/Croatian_Bureau_of_Statistics" title="Croatian Bureau of Statistics">Croatian Bureau of Statistics</a>. 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Census+of+Population%2C+Households+and+Dwellings+in+2021&rft.atitle=Population+by+Age+and+Sex%2C+by+Settlements&rft.date=2022&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpodaci.dzs.hr%2Fmedia%2Frqybclnx%2Fpopis_2021-stanovnistvo_po_naseljima.xlsx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARijeka" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWells2008" class="citation book cs1">Wells, John C. (2008). <i>Longman Pronunciation Dictionary</i> (3rd ed.). Longman. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4058-8118-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4058-8118-0"><bdi>978-1-4058-8118-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Longman+Pronunciation+Dictionary&rft.edition=3rd&rft.pub=Longman&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-1-4058-8118-0&rft.aulast=Wells&rft.aufirst=John+C.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARijeka" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoach2011" class="citation book cs1">Roach, Peter (2011). <i>Cambridge English Pronouncing Dictionary</i> (18th ed.). 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History, Myth, Memories. Fiume 1868–1945"</a>. <i>Spiegelungen. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 March</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Magyar+statisztikai+k%C3%B6zlem%C3%A9nyek+%281%E2%80%93116.+k%C3%B6tet%29+-+in+Hungarian&rft.pub=Hungarian+Central+Statistical+Office&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fkonyvtar.ksh.hu%2Findex.php%3Fs%3Dkb_statisztika&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARijeka" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vecernji.hr/premium/usponi-i-padovi-3-maja-nekad-16-na-svijetu-s-prihodom-od-110-milijuna-dolara-1352081">"Usponi i padovi 3. maja: Nekad je bio 16. na svijetu, s prihodom od 110 milijuna dolara - Croatian"</a>. vecernji.hr. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210602212407/https://www.vecernji.hr/premium/usponi-i-padovi-3-maja-nekad-16-na-svijetu-s-prihodom-od-110-milijuna-dolara-1352081">Archived</a> from the original on 2 June 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 May</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Usponi+i+padovi+3.+maja%3A+Nekad+je+bio+16.+na+svijetu%2C+s+prihodom+od+110+milijuna+dolara+-+Croatian&rft.pub=vecernji.hr&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vecernji.hr%2Fpremium%2Fusponi-i-padovi-3-maja-nekad-16-na-svijetu-s-prihodom-od-110-milijuna-dolara-1352081&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARijeka" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hrcak.srce.hr/147658">"Markus Leideck:Crna kronika" (Kriminalfalle) in der Tageszeitung "Riečki novi list" Jahrgang 1914/1915 - German, Croatian"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Hr%C4%8Dak" class="mw-redirect" title="Hrčak">Hrčak</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210731115141/https://hrcak.srce.hr/147658">Archived</a> from the original on 31 July 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 February</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Hr%C4%8Dak&rft.atitle=Markus+Leideck%3ACrna+kronika%22+%28Kriminalfalle%29+in+der+Tageszeitung+%22Rie%C4%8Dki+novi+list%22+Jahrgang+1914%2F1915+-+German%2C+Croatian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhrcak.srce.hr%2F147658&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARijeka" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPatafta2005" class="citation journal cs1">Patafta, Daniel (25 July 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hrcak.srce.hr/49977">"Daniel Patafta:Economical Situation in Rijeka From 1918 to 1924 - Croatian"</a>. <i>Ekonomska i Ekohistorija: Časopis za Gospodarsku Povijest i Povijest Okoliša</i>. <b>1</b> (1): 115–137. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210731125119/https://hrcak.srce.hr/49977">Archived</a> from the original on 31 July 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 February</span> 2021</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Hr%C4%8Dak" class="mw-redirect" title="Hrčak">Hrčak</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ekonomska+i+Ekohistorija%3A+%C4%8Casopis+za+Gospodarsku+Povijest+i+Povijest+Okoli%C5%A1a&rft.atitle=Daniel+Patafta%3AEconomical+Situation+in+Rijeka+From+1918+to+1924+-+Croatian&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=115-137&rft.date=2005-07-25&rft.aulast=Patafta&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhrcak.srce.hr%2F49977&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARijeka" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Manfried Rauchensteiner:Prvi Svjetski Rat i Kraj Habsburške Monarhije 1914-1918 - in Croatian, Matica Hrvatska, Zagreb 2019, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-953-341-102-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-953-341-102-6">978-953-341-102-6</a>, page 903-904</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Stanislav Krakov, Dolazak srpske vojske na Rijeku i severni Jadran, Beograd: <i>Jadranska Straza</i>,1928/29; The Arrival of the Serbian Army in Fiume and the Northern Adriatic</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1">"Gerthrude Slaughter: The Significance of Fiume". <i>The North American Review</i>. <b>210</b> (768): 614–621. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.webdeveloping.it&rft.atitle=Fiume+all%27Italia+%281924-1925%29+-+Societ%C3%A0+di+Studi+Fiumani+-+Archivio+Museo+Storico+di+Fiume&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.webdeveloping.it%2Fstudifiumani%2Fstoria-e-immagini%2Fnon-categorizzato%2Ffiume-vedute-d-epoca-della-citta-5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARijeka" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rbvex.it/croaziac1.html#fiume">"Croazia città1"</a>. <i>www.rbvex.it</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220818045113/http://rbvex.it/croaziac1.html#fiume">Archived</a> from the original on 18 August 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.rbvex.it&rft.atitle=Croazia+citt%C3%A01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rbvex.it%2Fcroaziac1.html%23fiume&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARijeka" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Jozo Tomasevich: War and Revolution in Yugoslavia, Stanford University Press, 2001, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8047-3615-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-8047-3615-4">0-8047-3615-4</a>, page 134</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jutarnji.hr/naslovnica/tajna-rupe-kako-je-nestalo-11.000-vojnika-4021386">"Tajna Rupe: Kako je nestalo 11.000 vojnika"</a> (in Croatian). 30 April 2006. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100201205203/http://www.jutarnji.hr/tajna-rupe--kako-je-nestalo-11-000-vojnika/147211">Archived</a> from the original on 1 February 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 July</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tajna+Rupe%3A+Kako+je+nestalo+11.000+vojnika&rft.date=2006-04-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jutarnji.hr%2Fnaslovnica%2Ftajna-rupe-kako-je-nestalo-11.000-vojnika-4021386&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARijeka" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2013/06/20/arts/an-italian-saint-in-the-making-or-a-collaborator-with-nazis.html">"Italian Praised for Saving Jews Is Now Seen as Nazi Collaborator"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. 13 June 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211031191036/https://www.nytimes.com/2013/06/20/arts/an-italian-saint-in-the-making-or-a-collaborator-with-nazis.html">Archived</a> from the original on 31 October 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 October</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Italian+Praised+for+Saving+Jews+Is+Now+Seen+as+Nazi+Collaborator&rft.date=2013-06-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2013%2F06%2F20%2Farts%2Fan-italian-saint-in-the-making-or-a-collaborator-with-nazis.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARijeka" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.npr.org/sections/parallels/2013/08/05/203292938/world-war-ii-researchers-say-italian-schindler-was-a-myth">"World War II Researchers Say 'Italian Schindler' Was A Myth"</a>. National Public Radio. 5 August 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211031191454/https://www.npr.org/sections/parallels/2013/08/05/203292938/world-war-ii-researchers-say-italian-schindler-was-a-myth">Archived</a> from the original on 31 October 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 October</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=World+War+II+Researchers+Say+%27Italian+Schindler%27+Was+A+Myth&rft.pub=National+Public+Radio&rft.date=2013-08-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2Fsections%2Fparallels%2F2013%2F08%2F05%2F203292938%2Fworld-war-ii-researchers-say-italian-schindler-was-a-myth&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARijeka" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGianfranco_Miksa2010" class="citation web cs1">Gianfranco Miksa (30 April 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110721154032/http://www.edit.hr/lavoce/2010/100430/cultura.htm">"Fiume 1945, piovono i ricordi – Le conseguenze dei trenta bombardamenti e la difficile ricostruzione"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/La_Voce_del_Popolo" title="La Voce del Popolo">La Voce del Popolo</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.edit.hr/lavoce/2010/100430/cultura.htm">the original</a> on 21 July 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=La+Voce+del+Popolo&rft.atitle=Fiume+1945%2C+piovono+i+ricordi+%E2%80%93+Le+conseguenze+dei+trenta+bombardamenti+e+la+difficile+ricostruzione&rft.date=2010-04-30&rft.au=Gianfranco+Miksa&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.edit.hr%2Flavoce%2F2010%2F100430%2Fcultura.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARijeka" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120222071904/http://www.b17pbemgame.com/317th_bomb_squadron_roster.htm">"317th Bomb Squadron Roster"</a>. B17pbemgame.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.b17pbemgame.com/317th_bomb_squadron_roster.htm">the original</a> on 22 February 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 April</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=317th+Bomb+Squadron+Roster&rft.pub=B17pbemgame.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.b17pbemgame.com%2F317th_bomb_squadron_roster.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARijeka" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kako Je Potopljen Kiebitz?, Slavko Suzic, Susacka Revija 54/55, 2007, see <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070627170704/http://www.klub-susacana.hr/revija/clanak.asp?Num=54-55&C=8">[1]</a> (in Croatian)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.klub-susacana.hr/revija/clanak.asp?Num=49&C=21">"Rajko Samueli Kacic: Rijecka Bitka, SUŠACKA REVIJA, br. 49, 2005"</a>. Klub-susacana.hr. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120320231709/http://www.klub-susacana.hr/revija/clanak.asp?Num=49&C=21">Archived</a> from the original on 20 March 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 April</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Rajko+Samueli+Kacic%3A+Rijecka+Bitka%2C+SU%C5%A0ACKA+REVIJA%2C+br.+49%2C+2005&rft.pub=Klub-susacana.hr&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.klub-susacana.hr%2Frevija%2Fclanak.asp%3FNum%3D49%26C%3D21&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARijeka" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vojska.net/eng/world-war-2/operation/rijeka-1945/">"Rijeka operation"</a>. Vojska.net. 7 May 1945. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120320065335/http://www.vojska.net/eng/world-war-2/operation/rijeka-1945/">Archived</a> from the original on 20 March 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 April</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Rijeka+operation&rft.pub=Vojska.net&rft.date=1945-05-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.vojska.net%2Feng%2Fworld-war-2%2Foperation%2Frijeka-1945%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARijeka" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Yugoslav communist authorities, as mentioned in the 1947 government documentary about the reconstruction of the city, see <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hvXUvMczOKQ#t=3m35s">Video</a> on <a href="/wiki/YouTube_video_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="YouTube video (identifier)">YouTube</a> (in Croatian)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Article-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Article_55-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131029204206/http://www.novilist.hr/Vijesti/Rijeka/Doric-Tito-je-bio-celnik-totalitarnog-rezima-i-ne-zasluzuje-rijecki-trg">"Dorić: Tito je bio čelnik totalitarnog režima i ne zaslužuje riječki trg"</a>. <i>Novi list</i>. 30 August 2013. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.novilist.hr/rijeka-regija/rijeka/doric-tito-je-bio-celnik-totalitarnog-rezima-i-ne-zasluzuje-rijecki-trg/">the original</a> on 29 October 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Novi+list&rft.atitle=Dori%C4%87%3A+Tito+je+bio+%C4%8Delnik+totalitarnog+re%C5%BEima+i+ne+zaslu%C5%BEuje+rije%C4%8Dki+trg&rft.date=2013-08-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.novilist.hr%2Frijeka-regija%2Frijeka%2Fdoric-tito-je-bio-celnik-totalitarnog-rezima-i-ne-zasluzuje-rijecki-trg%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARijeka" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Study-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Study_56-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.archivi.beniculturali.it/DGA-free/Sussidi/Sussidi_12.pdf">Società di Studi Fiumani – Roma – Hrvatski Institut za Povijest – Zagreb,<i>Le vittime di nazionalita italiana a Fiume e dintorni (1943–1947)</i>,<i>Žrtve talijanske nacionalnosti u Rijeci i okolici (1939.-1947 .)</i>, Rome 2002</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081031131611/http://www.archivi.beniculturali.it/DGA-free/Sussidi/Sussidi_12.pdf">Archived</a> 31 October 2008 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/88-7125-239-X" title="Special:BookSources/88-7125-239-X">88-7125-239-X</a>. Tablica ubijenima od 2. svibnja 1945. do 31. prosinca 1947: "Statistički podaci", stranice 206 i 207.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Study_and_book-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Study_and_book_57-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarino_Micich" class="citation web cs1">Marino Micich. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.storiadelmondo.com/3/micich.esodo.pdf">"<i>L'esodo dall'Istria, Fiume e Zara (1943–1958) e l'accoglienza in Italia</i>"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170114054001/http://www.storiadelmondo.com/3/micich.esodo.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 14 January 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=L%27esodo+degli+italiani+dall%27Istria+e+l%27insediamento+dei+profughi+nella+provincia+di+Modena&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.comune.modena.it%2Fistitutostorico%2Ffdownload.php%3Ffile%3DMTIucGRm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARijeka" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ilgiornale.it/news/cronache/fiume-torna-italiana-arriva-segnaletica-bilingue-rijeka-1581493.html">"Fiume "torna" italiana: arriva la segnaletica bilingue per Rijeka"</a>. <i>ilGiornale.it</i> (in Italian). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181010012502/http://www.ilgiornale.it/news/cronache/fiume-torna-italiana-arriva-segnaletica-bilingue-rijeka-1581493.html">Archived</a> from the original on 10 October 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.portauthority.hr/en/documents/Statistika+za+web+stranicu+-+ENG.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 4 November 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 November</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Portauthority.hr&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.portauthority.hr%2Fen%2Fdocuments%2FStatistika%2Bza%2Bweb%2Bstranicu%2B-%2BENG.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARijeka" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.arriva.com.hr/hr-hr/kvarner/rijeka">"Autobusni Kolodvor Rijeka, kontakt, vozni red i radno vrijeme | Arriva Hrvatska"</a>. <i>www.arriva.com.hr</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220702194733/https://www.arriva.com.hr/hr-hr/kvarner/rijeka">Archived</a> from the original on 2 July 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 June</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.arriva.com.hr&rft.atitle=Autobusni+Kolodvor+Rijeka%2C+kontakt%2C+vozni+red+i+radno+vrijeme+%7C+Arriva+Hrvatska&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.arriva.com.hr%2Fhr-hr%2Fkvarner%2Frijeka&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARijeka" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Rijeka_sister_cities-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Rijeka_sister_cities_77-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rijeka.hr/en/city-government/international-cooperation/sister-cities/?noredirect=en_GB">"City of Rijeka, Sister Cities"</a>. <i>City of Rijeka</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210516074712/https://www.rijeka.hr/en/city-government/international-cooperation/sister-cities/?noredirect=en_GB">Archived</a> from the original on 16 May 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 May</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=City+of+Rijeka&rft.atitle=City+of+Rijeka%2C+Sister+Cities&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rijeka.hr%2Fen%2Fcity-government%2Finternational-cooperation%2Fsister-cities%2F%3Fnoredirect%3Den_GB&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARijeka" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ljubljana_twinnings-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Ljubljana_twinnings_78-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130626075304/http://www.ljubljana.si/si/ljubljana/pobratena-mesta-zdruzenja/">"Medmestno in mednarodno sodelovanje"</a>. <i>Mestna občina Ljubljana (Ljubljana City)</i> (in Slovenian). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ljubljana.si/si/ljubljana/pobratena-mesta-zdruzenja/">the original</a> on 26 June 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 July</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Mestna+ob%C4%8Dina+Ljubljana+%28Ljubljana+City%29&rft.atitle=Medmestno+in+mednarodno+sodelovanje&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ljubljana.si%2Fsi%2Fljubljana%2Fpobratena-mesta-zdruzenja%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARijeka" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-sister-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-sister_79-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sister_79-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150419041652/http://www.rijeka.hr/SisterAndFriendlyCities">"Sister City and Friendly City Relations of the City of Rijeka"</a>. <i>Official website of the City of Rijeka</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rijeka.hr/SisterAndFriendlyCities">the original</a> on 19 April 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 December</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Official+website+of+the+City+of+Rijeka&rft.atitle=Sister+City+and+Friendly+City+Relations+of+the+City+of+Rijeka&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rijeka.hr%2FSisterAndFriendlyCities&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARijeka" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fpJkQYIJ8gQ">"Kroatien Winnetou Drehorte"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a></i> (in German). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211212/fpJkQYIJ8gQ">Archived</a> from the original on 12 December 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=YouTube&rft.atitle=Kroatien+Winnetou+Drehorte&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DfpJkQYIJ8gQ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARijeka" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.klub-susacana.hr/revija/clanak.asp?Num=69&C=9">"Rijeka Baltazar Grad"</a> (in Croatian). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180928121519/http://www.klub-susacana.hr/revija/clanak.asp?Num=69&C=9">Archived</a> from the original on 28 September 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 September</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Rijeka+Baltazar+Grad&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.klub-susacana.hr%2Frevija%2Fclanak.asp%3FNum%3D69%26C%3D9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARijeka" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-newspapers.com-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-newspapers.com_82-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/216323059/">"ABC-TV, Paramount Studio go with 'Winds of War'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>The Town Talk from Alexandria, Louisiana</i>. 5 February 1983. p. 30. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180822113616/https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/216323059/">Archived</a> from the original on 22 August 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 September</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Town+Talk+from+Alexandria%2C+Louisiana&rft.atitle=ABC-TV%2C+Paramount+Studio+go+with+%27Winds+of+War%27&rft.pages=30&rft.date=1983-02-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fnewspage%2F216323059%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARijeka" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.croatia-times.com/like-croatia/hayao-miyazakis-croatian-hideout/">"Hayao Miyazaki's Croatian Hideout - Croatia Times"</a>. 27 June 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180817191615/http://www.croatia-times.com/like-croatia/hayao-miyazakis-croatian-hideout/">Archived</a> from the original on 17 August 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 August</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hayao+Miyazaki%27s+Croatian+Hideout+-+Croatia+Times&rft.date=2014-06-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croatia-times.com%2Flike-croatia%2Fhayao-miyazakis-croatian-hideout%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARijeka" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tachyonpublications.com/product/pirate-utopia-2/">"<i>Pirate Utopia</i>"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180412145224/https://tachyonpublications.com/product/pirate-utopia-2/">Archived</a> from the original on 12 April 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 April</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Pirate+Utopia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftachyonpublications.com%2Fproduct%2Fpirate-utopia-2%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARijeka" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMitrovich2016" class="citation web cs1">Mitrovich, Matt (15 November 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180412082234/https://amazingstoriesmag.com/2016/11/book-review-pirate-utopia-bruce-sterling/">"Book Review: Pirate Utopia by Bruce Sterling"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://amazingstoriesmag.com/2016/11/book-review-pirate-utopia-bruce-sterling/">the original</a> on 12 April 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 April</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Book+Review%3A+Pirate+Utopia+by+Bruce+Sterling&rft.date=2016-11-15&rft.aulast=Mitrovich&rft.aufirst=Matt&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Famazingstoriesmag.com%2F2016%2F11%2Fbook-review-pirate-utopia-bruce-sterling%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARijeka" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-netflix-86"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-netflix_86-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.netflix.com/au/title/80226864">The Paper</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged August 2023">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup>, netflix.com.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-imdb-87"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-imdb_87-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt5868220/">The Paper</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180407235515/http://www.imdb.com/title/tt5868220/?">Archived</a> 7 April 2018 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, imdb.com.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFČrnjar_Ivančan2018" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Črnjar Ivančan, Iva (3 April 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180404000209/http://radio.hrt.hr/radio-rijeka/clanak/uz-bok-najvecoj-svjetskoj-produkciji-netflix-otkupio-seriju-novine/167658/">"Uz bok najvećoj svjetskoj produkciji: Netflix otkupio seriju "Novine"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Radio Rijeka</i> (in Croatian). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://radio.hrt.hr/radio-rijeka/clanak/uz-bok-najvecoj-svjetskoj-produkciji-netflix-otkupio-seriju-novine/167658/">the original</a> on 4 April 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 April</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radio+Rijeka&rft.atitle=Uz+bok+najve%C4%87oj+svjetskoj+produkciji%3A+Netflix+otkupio+seriju+%22Novine%22&rft.date=2018-04-03&rft.aulast=%C4%8Crnjar+Ivan%C4%8Dan&rft.aufirst=Iva&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fradio.hrt.hr%2Fradio-rijeka%2Fclanak%2Fuz-bok-najvecoj-svjetskoj-produkciji-netflix-otkupio-seriju-novine%2F167658%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARijeka" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt8385148/locations?ref_=tt_dt_dt">"Hitman's Wife's Bodyguard (2021) - IMDb"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/IMDb" title="IMDb">IMDb</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220509221830/https://www.imdb.com/title/tt8385148/locations?ref_=tt_dt_dt">Archived</a> from the original on 9 May 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 August</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IMDb&rft.atitle=Hitman%27s+Wife%27s+Bodyguard+%282021%29+-+IMDb&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.imdb.com%2Ftitle%2Ftt8385148%2Flocations%3Fref_%3Dtt_dt_dt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARijeka" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.index.hr/magazin/clanak/video-rijeka-je-totalni-hit-za-snimanje-stranih-reklama/928598.aspx">"Rijeka je totalni hit za snimanje stranih reklama"</a> (in Croatian). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210226074109/https://www.index.hr/magazin/clanak/video-rijeka-je-totalni-hit-za-snimanje-stranih-reklama/928598.aspx">Archived</a> from the original on 26 February 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 August</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Rijeka+je+totalni+hit+za+snimanje+stranih+reklama&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.index.hr%2Fmagazin%2Fclanak%2Fvideo-rijeka-je-totalni-hit-za-snimanje-stranih-reklama%2F928598.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARijeka" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.muzika.hr/u-reklami-za-mercedes-the-weeknd-se-vozi-ulicama-rijeke/">"U reklami za Mercedes The Weeknd se vozi ulicama – Rijeke!"</a> (in Croatian). 22 July 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200724115204/https://www.muzika.hr/u-reklami-za-mercedes-the-weeknd-se-vozi-ulicama-rijeke/">Archived</a> from the original on 24 July 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 August</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=U+reklami+za+Mercedes+The+Weeknd+se+vozi+ulicama+%E2%80%93+Rijeke%21&rft.date=2020-07-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.muzika.hr%2Fu-reklami-za-mercedes-the-weeknd-se-vozi-ulicama-rijeke%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARijeka" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rijeka&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Rijeka" class="extiw" title="commons:Rijeka"><span style="font-style:italic; font-weight:bold;">Rijeka</span></a>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/16px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/24px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/32px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></a></span> <a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Rijeka#Q1647" class="extiw" title="voy:Rijeka">Rijeka</a> travel guide from Wikivoyage</li> <li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rijeka.hr/en/">Official website</a></span></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://visitrijeka.hr/">Rijeka Tourist Board</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070106134304/http://www.portauthority.hr/rijeka/lucka_uprava_rijeka.shtml">Port of Rijeka Authority</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.istriadalmaziacards.com">Old Postcards of Fiume</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151030100447/http://mylastdestination.eu/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/rijeka-croatia-city-map.jpg">Rijeka detailed map</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChisholm1911" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Chisholm" title="Hugh Chisholm">Chisholm, Hugh</a>, ed. (1911). <span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Fiume"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Fiume">"Fiume" </a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol. 10 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 449, 450.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Fiume&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pages=449%2C+450&rft.edition=11th&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARijeka" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Rijeka" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Rijeka" title="Template:Rijeka"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Rijeka" title="Template talk:Rijeka"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Rijeka" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Rijeka"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Rijeka" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Rijeka</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geography</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rje%C4%8Dina" title="Rječina">Rječina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kvarner_Gulf" title="Kvarner Gulf">Kvarner Gulf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Platak" title="Platak">Platak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U%C4%8Dka" title="Učka">Učka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Primorje-Gorski_Kotar_County" title="Primorje-Gorski Kotar County">Primorje-Gorski Kotar County</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Districts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Trsat" title="Trsat">Trsat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rujevica,_Rijeka" class="mw-redirect" title="Rujevica, Rijeka">Rujevica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drenova,_Rijeka" title="Drenova, Rijeka">Drenova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Su%C5%A1ak,_Rijeka" title="Sušak, Rijeka">Sušak</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Rijeka" title="History of Rijeka">History of Rijeka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Rijeka" title="Timeline of Rijeka">Timeline of Rijeka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Trsat" title="Siege of Trsat">Siege of Trsat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corpus_separatum_(Fiume)" title="Corpus separatum (Fiume)">Corpus separatum (Fiume)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Regency_of_Carnaro" title="Italian Regency of Carnaro">Italian Regency of Carnaro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charter_of_Carnaro" class="mw-redirect" title="Charter of Carnaro">Charter of Carnaro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Rapallo_(1920)" title="Treaty of Rapallo (1920)">Treaty of Rapallo (1920)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bloody_Christmas_(1920)" title="Bloody Christmas (1920)">Bloody Christmas (1920)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_State_of_Fiume" title="Free State of Fiume">Free State of Fiume</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/League_of_Fiume" title="League of Fiume">League of Fiume</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Rome_(1924)" title="Treaty of Rome (1924)">Treaty of Rome (1924)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Fiume" title="Province of Fiume">Province of Fiume</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aviogenex_Flight_130" title="Aviogenex Flight 130">Aviogenex Flight 130</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1995_Rijeka_bombing" title="1995 Rijeka bombing">1995 Rijeka bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trams_in_Rijeka" title="Trams in Rijeka">Trams in Rijeka</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Places of worship</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rijeka_Cathedral" title="Rijeka Cathedral">Rijeka Cathedral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trsat#The_Shrine_of_Our_Lady_of_Trsat" title="Trsat">The Shrine of Our Lady of Trsat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_St._Nicholas,_Rijeka" title="Church of St. Nicholas, Rijeka">Church of St. Nicholas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rijeka_Synagogue" title="Rijeka Synagogue">Rijeka Synagogue</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Landmarks</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_National_Theatre_Ivan_pl._Zajc_in_Rijeka" class="mw-redirect" title="Croatian National Theatre Ivan pl. Zajc in Rijeka">Croatian National Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trsat_Castle" title="Trsat Castle">Trsat Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palace_Modello" title="Palace Modello">Palace Modello</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petar_Kru%C5%BEi%C4%87_staircase" title="Petar Kružić staircase">Petar Kružić staircase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rijeka_Tunnel" title="Rijeka Tunnel">TunelRi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Culture and music</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fiuman_dialect" title="Fiuman dialect">Fiuman dialect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zvon%C4%8Dari" title="Zvončari">Zvončari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Let_3" title="Let 3">Let 3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denis_%26_Denis" title="Denis & Denis">Denis & Denis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laufer_(band)" title="Laufer (band)">Laufer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E.N.I._(band)" title="E.N.I. (band)">E.N.I.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paraf" title="Paraf">Paraf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Termiti" title="Termiti">Termiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damir_Urban" title="Damir Urban">Damir Urban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MC_Buffalo" title="MC Buffalo">MC Buffalo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ugly_Leaders" title="Ugly Leaders">Ugly Leaders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unlogic_Skill" title="Unlogic Skill">Unlogic Skill</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rijeka_Carnival" title="Rijeka Carnival">Rijeka Carnival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hartera" title="Hartera">Hartera</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Local media</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Novi_list" title="Novi list">Novi list</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/La_Voce_del_Popolo" title="La Voce del Popolo">La Voce del Popolo</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sports venues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stadion_Kantrida" title="Stadion Kantrida">Stadion Kantrida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stadion_Krimeja" title="Stadion Krimeja">Stadion Krimeja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stadion_Rujevica" title="Stadion Rujevica">Stadion Rujevica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dvorana_Mladosti" title="Dvorana Mladosti">Dvorana Mladosti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centar_Zamet" title="Centar Zamet">Centar Zamet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automotodrom_Grobnik" title="Automotodrom Grobnik">Automotodrom Grobnik</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sports clubs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HNK_Rijeka" title="HNK Rijeka">HNK Rijeka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HNK_Orijent" title="HNK Orijent">HNK Orijent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%BDNK_Rijeka" title="ŽNK Rijeka">ŽNK Rijeka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VK_Primorje" title="VK Primorje">VK Primorje</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RK_Zamet" title="RK Zamet">RK Zamet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%BDRK_Zamet" title="ŽRK Zamet">ŽRK Zamet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RK_Kvarner" title="RK Kvarner">RK Kvarner</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1963–2003)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KK_Kvarner_2010" title="KK Kvarner 2010">KK Kvarner 2010</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KK_Kvarner" title="KK Kvarner">KK Kvarner</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1946–2009)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%BDKK_Kvarner" title="ŽKK Kvarner">ŽKK Kvarner</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2006–2017)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%BDOK_Rijeka" title="ŽOK Rijeka">ŽOK Rijeka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.S._Fiumana" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Fiumana">US Fiumana</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1926–1945)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sport events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kvarnerska_Rivijera" title="Kvarnerska Rivijera">Kvarnerska Rivijera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rijeka_Open" title="Rijeka Open">Rijeka Open</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EuroBasket_1975" title="EuroBasket 1975">EuroBasket</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1975)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2000_European_Men%27s_Handball_Championship" title="2000 European Men's Handball Championship">European Men's Handball Championship</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2000)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2003_World_Women%27s_Handball_Championship" title="2003 World Women's Handball Championship">World Women's Handball Championship</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2003)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_European_Short_Course_Swimming_Championships" title="2008 European Short Course Swimming Championships">European Short Course Swimming Championships</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2008)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_European_Universities_Games" title="2016 European Universities Games">European Universities Games</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2016)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_LEN_Men%27s_Europa_Cup" title="2018 LEN Men's Europa Cup">LEN Europa Cup</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2018)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslavian_motorcycle_Grand_Prix" class="mw-redirect" title="Yugoslavian motorcycle Grand Prix">Yugoslav motorcycle Grand Prix</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1969–1990)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Education</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Rijeka" title="University of Rijeka">University of Rijeka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polytechnic_of_Rijeka" title="Polytechnic of Rijeka">Polytechnic of Rijeka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Secondary_School_in_Rijeka" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian Secondary School in Rijeka">Italian Secondary School in Rijeka</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Transportation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Port_of_Rijeka" title="Port of Rijeka">Port of Rijeka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rijeka_Airport" title="Rijeka Airport">Rijeka Airport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rijeka_bypass" class="mw-redirect" title="Rijeka bypass">Rijeka bypass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orehovica_interchange" title="Orehovica interchange">Orehovica interchange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A6_(Croatia)" title="A6 (Croatia)">A6 Motorway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U%C4%8Dka_Tunnel" title="Učka Tunnel">Učka Tunnel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krk_Bridge" title="Krk Bridge">Krk Bridge</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Industry</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jadrolinija" title="Jadrolinija">Jadrolinija</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rijeka_Thermal_Power_Station" title="Rijeka Thermal Power Station">Rijeka Thermal Power Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3._Maj" title="3. Maj">3. Maj Shipyard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viktor_Lenac_Shipyard" title="Viktor Lenac Shipyard">Viktor Lenac Shipyard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_and_heads_of_state_of_Fiume" title="List of governors and heads of state of Fiume">Governors and heads of state of Fiume</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mayors_of_Rijeka" title="List of mayors of Rijeka">Mayors of Rijeka</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Rijeka" title="Category:Rijeka">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="County_seats_of_Croatia" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:County_seats_of_Croatia" title="Template:County seats of Croatia"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:County_seats_of_Croatia" title="Template talk:County seats of Croatia"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:County_seats_of_Croatia" title="Special:EditPage/Template:County seats of Croatia"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="County_seats_of_Croatia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Counties_of_Croatia" title="Counties of Croatia">County</a> seats of <a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatia</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="width:5em;">   </td><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;text-align: left;width:20%;"><div> <p><a href="/wiki/Bjelovar" title="Bjelovar">Bjelovar</a>, <b><a href="/wiki/Bjelovar-Bilogora_County" title="Bjelovar-Bilogora County">Bjelovar-Bilogora</a></b><br /><a href="/wiki/Slavonski_Brod" title="Slavonski Brod">Slavonski Brod</a>, <b><a href="/wiki/Brod-Posavina_County" title="Brod-Posavina County">Brod-Posavina</a></b><br /><a href="/wiki/Dubrovnik" title="Dubrovnik">Dubrovnik</a>, <b><a href="/wiki/Dubrovnik-Neretva_County" title="Dubrovnik-Neretva County">Dubrovnik-Neretva</a></b><br /><a href="/wiki/Pazin" title="Pazin">Pazin</a>, <b><a href="/wiki/Istria_County" title="Istria County">Istria</a></b> </p> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align: left;width:20%;"><div> <p><a href="/wiki/Karlovac" title="Karlovac">Karlovac</a>, <b><a href="/wiki/Karlovac_County" title="Karlovac County">Karlovac</a></b><br /><a href="/wiki/Koprivnica" title="Koprivnica">Koprivnica</a>, <b><a href="/wiki/Koprivnica-Kri%C5%BEevci_County" title="Koprivnica-Križevci County">Koprivnica-Križevci</a></b><br /><a href="/wiki/Krapina" title="Krapina">Krapina</a>, <b><a href="/wiki/Krapina-Zagorje_County" title="Krapina-Zagorje County">Krapina-Zagorje</a></b><br /><a href="/wiki/Gospi%C4%87" title="Gospić">Gospić</a>, <b><a href="/wiki/Lika-Senj_County" title="Lika-Senj County">Lika-Senj</a></b> </p> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align: left;width:20%;"><div> <p><a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cakovec" title="Čakovec">Čakovec</a>, <b><a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91imurje_County" title="Međimurje County">Međimurje</a></b><br /><a href="/wiki/Osijek" title="Osijek">Osijek</a>, <b><a href="/wiki/Osijek-Baranja_County" title="Osijek-Baranja County">Osijek-Baranja</a></b><br /><a href="/wiki/Po%C5%BEega,_Croatia" title="Požega, Croatia">Požega</a>, <b><a href="/wiki/Po%C5%BEega-Slavonia_County" title="Požega-Slavonia County">Požega-Slavonia</a></b><br /><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Rijeka</a>, <b><a href="/wiki/Primorje-Gorski_Kotar_County" title="Primorje-Gorski Kotar County">Primorje-Gorski Kotar</a></b> </p> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align: left;width:20%;"><div> <p><a href="/wiki/Sisak" title="Sisak">Sisak</a>, <b><a href="/wiki/Sisak-Moslavina_County" title="Sisak-Moslavina County">Sisak-Moslavina</a></b><br /><a href="/wiki/Split,_Croatia" title="Split, Croatia">Split</a>, <b><a href="/wiki/Split-Dalmatia_County" title="Split-Dalmatia County">Split-Dalmatia</a></b><br /><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0ibenik" title="Šibenik">Šibenik</a>, <b><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0ibenik-Knin_County" title="Šibenik-Knin County">Šibenik-Knin</a></b><br /><a href="/wiki/Vara%C5%BEdin" title="Varaždin">Varaždin</a>, <b><a href="/wiki/Vara%C5%BEdin_County" title="Varaždin County">Varaždin</a></b> </p> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align: left;width:20%;"><div> <p><a href="/wiki/Virovitica" title="Virovitica">Virovitica</a>, <b><a href="/wiki/Virovitica-Podravina_County" title="Virovitica-Podravina County">Virovitica-Podravina</a></b><br /><a href="/wiki/Vukovar" title="Vukovar">Vukovar</a>, <b><a href="/wiki/Vukovar-Srijem_County" title="Vukovar-Srijem County">Vukovar-Srijem</a></b><br /><a href="/wiki/Zadar" title="Zadar">Zadar</a>, <b><a href="/wiki/Zadar_County" title="Zadar County">Zadar</a></b><br /><a href="/wiki/Zagreb" title="Zagreb">Zagreb</a>, <b><a href="/wiki/Zagreb_County" title="Zagreb County">Zagreb</a></b> </p> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Cities_and_towns_of_Croatia_by_population" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Croatian_cities" title="Template:Croatian cities"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Croatian_cities" title="Template talk:Croatian cities"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Croatian_cities" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Croatian cities"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Cities_and_towns_of_Croatia_by_population" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_and_towns_in_Croatia" title="List of cities and towns in Croatia">Cities and towns of Croatia by population</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">100,000+</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Rijeka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Split,_Croatia" title="Split, Croatia">Split</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zagreb" title="Zagreb">Zagreb</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Croatia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Croatia"><img alt="Coat of arms of Croatia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Coat_of_arms_of_Croatia.svg/55px-Coat_of_arms_of_Croatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="55" height="73" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Coat_of_arms_of_Croatia.svg/83px-Coat_of_arms_of_Croatia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Coat_of_arms_of_Croatia.svg/110px-Coat_of_arms_of_Croatia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1386" data-file-height="1844" /></a><figcaption>Coat of arms of Croatia</figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">50,000+</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Osijek" title="Osijek">Osijek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pula" title="Pula">Pula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slavonski_Brod" title="Slavonski Brod">Slavonski Brod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Velika_Gorica" title="Velika Gorica">Velika Gorica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zadar" title="Zadar">Zadar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">30,000+</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bjelovar" title="Bjelovar">Bjelovar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dubrovnik" title="Dubrovnik">Dubrovnik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karlovac" title="Karlovac">Karlovac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ka%C5%A1tela" title="Kaštela">Kaštela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samobor" title="Samobor">Samobor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0ibenik" title="Šibenik">Šibenik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sisak" title="Sisak">Sisak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vara%C5%BEdin" title="Varaždin">Varaždin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vinkovci" title="Vinkovci">Vinkovci</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">15,000+</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cakovec" title="Čakovec">Čakovec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%90akovo" title="Đakovo">Đakovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dugo_Selo" title="Dugo Selo">Dugo Selo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koprivnica" title="Koprivnica">Koprivnica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kri%C5%BEevci" title="Križevci">Križevci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kutina" title="Kutina">Kutina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metkovi%C4%87" title="Metković">Metković</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petrinja" title="Petrinja">Petrinja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pore%C4%8D" title="Poreč">Poreč</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Po%C5%BEega,_Croatia" title="Požega, Croatia">Požega</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinj" title="Sinj">Sinj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solin" title="Solin">Solin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sveta_Nedelja,_Zagreb_County" title="Sveta Nedelja, Zagreb County">Sveta Nedelja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virovitica" title="Virovitica">Virovitica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vukovar" title="Vukovar">Vukovar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zapre%C5%A1i%C4%87" title="Zaprešić">Zaprešić</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">10,000+</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crikvenica" title="Crikvenica">Crikvenica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daruvar" title="Daruvar">Daruvar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duga_Resa" title="Duga Resa">Duga Resa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gospi%C4%87" title="Gospić">Gospić</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivanec" title="Ivanec">Ivanec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivani%C4%87-Grad" title="Ivanić-Grad">Ivanić-Grad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jastrebarsko" title="Jastrebarsko">Jastrebarsko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kastav" title="Kastav">Kastav</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knin" title="Knin">Knin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krapina" title="Krapina">Krapina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labin" title="Labin">Labin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makarska" title="Makarska">Makarska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Na%C5%A1ice" title="Našice">Našice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nova_Gradi%C5%A1ka" title="Nova Gradiška">Nova Gradiška</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novi_Marof" title="Novi Marof">Novi Marof</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novska" title="Novska">Novska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ogulin" title="Ogulin">Ogulin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omi%C5%A1" title="Omiš">Omiš</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opatija" title="Opatija">Opatija</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popova%C4%8Da" title="Popovača">Popovača</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rovinj" title="Rovinj">Rovinj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slatina,_Croatia" title="Slatina, Croatia">Slatina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sveti_Ivan_Zelina" title="Sveti Ivan Zelina">Sveti Ivan Zelina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trogir" title="Trogir">Trogir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umag" title="Umag">Umag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vrbovec" title="Vrbovec">Vrbovec</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Subdivisions_of_Primorje-Gorski_Kotar_County" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Subdivisions_of_Primorje-Gorski_Kotar_County" title="Template:Subdivisions of Primorje-Gorski Kotar County"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Subdivisions_of_Primorje-Gorski_Kotar_County" title="Template talk:Subdivisions of Primorje-Gorski Kotar County"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Subdivisions_of_Primorje-Gorski_Kotar_County" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Subdivisions of Primorje-Gorski Kotar County"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Subdivisions_of_Primorje-Gorski_Kotar_County" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Subdivisions of <a href="/wiki/Primorje-Gorski_Kotar_County" title="Primorje-Gorski Kotar County">Primorje-Gorski Kotar County</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cities and towns</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bakar,_Croatia" title="Bakar, Croatia">Bakar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cres_(town)" title="Cres (town)">Cres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crikvenica" title="Crikvenica">Crikvenica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cabar" title="Čabar">Čabar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delnice" title="Delnice">Delnice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kastav" title="Kastav">Kastav</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kraljevica" title="Kraljevica">Kraljevica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krk_(town)" title="Krk (town)">Krk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mali_Lo%C5%A1inj" title="Mali Lošinj">Mali Lošinj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novi_Vinodolski" title="Novi Vinodolski">Novi Vinodolski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opatija" title="Opatija">Opatija</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rab_(town)" title="Rab (town)">Rab</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Rijeka</a> <small>(seat)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vrbovsko" title="Vrbovsko">Vrbovsko</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Primorje-Gorski_Kotar_County_coat_of_arms.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Primorje-Gorski Kotar County"><img alt="Coat of arms of Primorje-Gorski Kotar County" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Primorje-Gorski_Kotar_County_coat_of_arms.png/50px-Primorje-Gorski_Kotar_County_coat_of_arms.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="58" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Primorje-Gorski_Kotar_County_coat_of_arms.png/75px-Primorje-Gorski_Kotar_County_coat_of_arms.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Primorje-Gorski_Kotar_County_coat_of_arms.png/100px-Primorje-Gorski_Kotar_County_coat_of_arms.png 2x" data-file-width="187" data-file-height="216" /></a><figcaption>Coat of arms of Primorje-Gorski Kotar County</figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Municipalities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ba%C5%A1ka,_Croatia" title="Baška, Croatia">Baška</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brod_Moravice" title="Brod Moravice">Brod Moravice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cavle" title="Čavle">Čavle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dobrinj" title="Dobrinj">Dobrinj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fu%C5%BEine,_Croatia" title="Fužine, Croatia">Fužine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jelenje" title="Jelenje">Jelenje</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klana" title="Klana">Klana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kostrena" title="Kostrena">Kostrena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lokve,_Croatia" title="Lokve, Croatia">Lokve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lopar,_Croatia" title="Lopar, Croatia">Lopar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lovran" title="Lovran">Lovran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malinska-Duba%C5%A1nica" title="Malinska-Dubašnica">Malinska-Dubašnica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matulji" title="Matulji">Matulji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mo%C5%A1%C4%87eni%C4%8Dka_Draga" title="Mošćenička Draga">Mošćenička Draga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mrkopalj" title="Mrkopalj">Mrkopalj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omi%C5%A1alj" title="Omišalj">Omišalj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punat" title="Punat">Punat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ravna_Gora,_Croatia" title="Ravna Gora, Croatia">Ravna Gora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skrad" title="Skrad">Skrad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vinodol,_Croatia" title="Vinodol, Croatia">Vinodol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vi%C5%A1kovo" title="Viškovo">Viškovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vrbnik" title="Vrbnik">Vrbnik</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="European_Capitals_of_Culture" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:European_Capital_of_Culture" title="Template:European Capital of Culture"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:European_Capital_of_Culture" title="Template talk:European Capital of Culture"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:European_Capital_of_Culture" title="Special:EditPage/Template:European Capital of Culture"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="European_Capitals_of_Culture" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/European_Capital_of_Culture" title="European Capital of Culture">European Capitals of Culture</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><span class="nobold">1985</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Athens" title="Athens">Athens</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">1986</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Florence" title="Florence">Florence</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">1987</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam">Amsterdam</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">1988</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/West_Berlin" title="West Berlin">West</a> <a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">1989</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">1990</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Glasgow" title="Glasgow">Glasgow</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">1991</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Dublin" title="Dublin">Dublin</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">1992</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid">Madrid</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">1993</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Antwerp" title="Antwerp">Antwerp</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">1994</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Lisbon" title="Lisbon">Lisbon</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">1995</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Luxembourg_City" title="Luxembourg City">Luxembourg City</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">1996</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Copenhagen" title="Copenhagen">Copenhagen</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">1997</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Thessaloniki" title="Thessaloniki">Thessaloniki</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">1998</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Stockholm" title="Stockholm">Stockholm</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">1999</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Weimar" title="Weimar">Weimar</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2000</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Reykjav%C3%ADk" title="Reykjavík">Reykjavík</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Bergen" title="Bergen">Bergen</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Helsinki" title="Helsinki">Helsinki</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brussels" title="Brussels">Brussels</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Prague" title="Prague">Prague</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Krak%C3%B3w" title="Kraków">Kraków</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Santiago_de_Compostela" title="Santiago de Compostela">Santiago de Compostela</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Avignon" title="Avignon">Avignon</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Bologna" title="Bologna">Bologna</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2001</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam">Rotterdam</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Porto" title="Porto">Porto</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2002</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Bruges" title="Bruges">Bruges</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Salamanca" title="Salamanca">Salamanca</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2003</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Graz" title="Graz">Graz</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Plovdiv" title="Plovdiv">Plovdiv</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2004</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Genoa" title="Genoa">Genoa</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Lille" title="Lille">Lille</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2005</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cork_(city)" title="Cork (city)">Cork</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2006</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Patras" title="Patras">Patras</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2007</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Luxembourg_City" title="Luxembourg City">Luxembourg City</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Sibiu" title="Sibiu">Sibiu</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2008</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Liverpool" title="Liverpool">Liverpool</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Stavanger" title="Stavanger">Stavanger</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2009</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Linz" title="Linz">Linz</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Vilnius" title="Vilnius">Vilnius</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2010</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Essen" title="Essen">Essen</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul">Istanbul</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/P%C3%A9cs" title="Pécs">Pécs</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2011</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Turku" title="Turku">Turku</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Tallinn" title="Tallinn">Tallinn</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2012</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Maribor" title="Maribor">Maribor</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Guimar%C3%A3es" title="Guimarães">Guimarães</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2013</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Ko%C5%A1ice" title="Košice">Košice</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Marseille" title="Marseille">Marseille</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2014</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Ume%C3%A5" title="Umeå">Umeå</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Riga" title="Riga">Riga</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2015</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Mons,_Belgium" title="Mons, Belgium">Mons</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Plze%C5%88" title="Plzeň">Plzeň</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2016</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/San_Sebasti%C3%A1n" title="San Sebastián">San Sebastián</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Wroc%C5%82aw" title="Wrocław">Wrocław</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2017</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Aarhus" title="Aarhus">Aarhus</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Paphos" title="Paphos">Paphos</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2018</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Valletta" title="Valletta">Valletta</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Leeuwarden" title="Leeuwarden">Leeuwarden</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2019</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Plovdiv" title="Plovdiv">Plovdiv</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Matera" title="Matera">Matera</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2020-April 2021</span></dt> <dd><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Rijeka</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Galway" title="Galway">Galway</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2022</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Kaunas" title="Kaunas">Kaunas</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Esch-sur-Alzette" title="Esch-sur-Alzette">Esch-sur-Alzette</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Novi_Sad" title="Novi Sad">Novi Sad</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2023</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Veszpr%C3%A9m" title="Veszprém">Veszprém</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Timi%C8%99oara" title="Timișoara">Timișoara</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Elefsina" title="Elefsina">Elefsina</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2024</span></dt> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/Tartu" title="Tartu">Tartu</a></b></dd> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/Bad_Ischl" title="Bad Ischl">Bad Ischl</a></b></dd> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/Bod%C3%B8_(town)" title="Bodø (town)">Bodø</a></b></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2025</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Nova_Gorica" title="Nova Gorica">Nova Gorica</a> / <a href="/wiki/Gorizia" title="Gorizia">Gorizia</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Chemnitz" title="Chemnitz">Chemnitz</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2026</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Oulu" title="Oulu">Oulu</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Tren%C4%8D%C3%ADn" title="Trenčín">Trenčín</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2027</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Liep%C4%81ja" title="Liepāja">Liepāja</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1647#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1647#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1647#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000403977319">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/234135405">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1225584/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJdcBXkF4WtR64krmgkqwC">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Rijeka"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4050045-7">Germany</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n83142732">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb121112358">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb121112358">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Rijeka (Chorvatsko)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge132318&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://katalog.nsk.hr/F/?func=direct&doc_number=000767056&local_base=nsk10">Croatia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8034&url_prefix=https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/&id=497/11964">Vatican</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007557523105171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/area/66e105c1-5f1e-4126-b1d0-dc50856e68cd">MusicBrainz area</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/029497574">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10046152">NARA</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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