CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Intimate relationship - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"ddb314b6-f0de-438e-908c-f71758c425e5","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Intimate_relationship","wgTitle":"Intimate relationship","wgCurRevisionId":1255761610,"wgRevisionId":1255761610,"wgArticleId":1056700,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Articles with short description","Short description is different from Wikidata","Use dmy dates from April 2021","Articles containing Chinese-language text","Articles containing French-language text","Articles containing Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text","Articles containing Sanskrit-language text","Articles containing Arabic-language text","Articles containing Hebrew-language text","Articles containing Latin-language text", "Articles containing Portuguese-language text","Commons category link is on Wikidata","Articles containing Catalan-language text","Articles containing Italian-language text","Interpersonal relationships","Intimate relationships"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Intimate_relationship","wgRelevantArticleId":1056700,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":80000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[ ],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q736922","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready", "ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Couple_in_love_%288175382088%29.jpg/1200px-Couple_in_love_%288175382088%29.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="874"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Couple_in_love_%288175382088%29.jpg/800px-Couple_in_love_%288175382088%29.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="583"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Couple_in_love_%288175382088%29.jpg/640px-Couple_in_love_%288175382088%29.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="466"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Intimate relationship - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intimate_relationship"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Intimate_relationship&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intimate_relationship"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Intimate_relationship rootpage-Intimate_relationship skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Intimate+relationship" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Intimate+relationship" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Intimate+relationship" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Intimate+relationship" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Intimacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Intimacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Intimacy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Intimacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Course_of_intimate_relationships" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Course_of_intimate_relationships"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Course of intimate relationships</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Course_of_intimate_relationships-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Course of intimate relationships subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Course_of_intimate_relationships-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Formation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Formation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Formation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Formation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Attraction" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Attraction"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.1</span> <span>Attraction</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Attraction-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Initiation_strategies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Initiation_strategies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.2</span> <span>Initiation strategies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Initiation_strategies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Context" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Context"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.3</span> <span>Context</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Context-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Maintenance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Maintenance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Maintenance</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Maintenance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Commitment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Commitment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.1</span> <span>Commitment</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Commitment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Evaluating_the_relationship" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Evaluating_the_relationship"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.2</span> <span>Evaluating the relationship</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Evaluating_the_relationship-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dissolution" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dissolution"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Dissolution</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dissolution-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Predictors_of_dissolution" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Predictors_of_dissolution"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3.1</span> <span>Predictors of dissolution</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Predictors_of_dissolution-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Strategies_and_consequences" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Strategies_and_consequences"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3.2</span> <span>Strategies and consequences</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Strategies_and_consequences-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Benefits" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Benefits"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Benefits</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Benefits-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Benefits subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Benefits-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Psychological_well-being" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Psychological_well-being"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Psychological well-being</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Psychological_well-being-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Social_support" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Social_support"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.1</span> <span>Social support</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Social_support-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sexual_intimacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sexual_intimacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.2</span> <span>Sexual intimacy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sexual_intimacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Physical_health" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Physical_health"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Physical health</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Physical_health-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Challenges" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Challenges"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Challenges</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Challenges-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Challenges subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Challenges-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Conflict" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Conflict"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Conflict</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Conflict-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Attachment_insecurity" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Attachment_insecurity"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Attachment insecurity</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Attachment_insecurity-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Stress" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Stress"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Stress</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Stress-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Infidelity" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Infidelity"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Infidelity</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Infidelity-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Intimate_partner_violence" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Intimate_partner_violence"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5</span> <span>Intimate partner violence</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Intimate_partner_violence-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Social_and_cultural_variability" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Social_and_cultural_variability"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Social and cultural variability</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Social_and_cultural_variability-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Social and cultural variability subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Social_and_cultural_variability-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-LGBTQ+_intimacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#LGBTQ+_intimacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>LGBTQ+ intimacy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-LGBTQ+_intimacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Same-sex_intimate_relationships" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Same-sex_intimate_relationships"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2.1</span> <span>Same-sex intimate relationships</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Same-sex_intimate_relationships-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Asexuality" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Asexuality"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2.2</span> <span>Asexuality</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Asexuality-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Non-monogamy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Non-monogamy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Non-monogamy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Non-monogamy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Intimate relationship</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 34 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-34" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">34 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%82%D8%A9_%D8%AD%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%85%D8%A9" title="علاقة حميمة – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="علاقة حميمة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%99%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%97_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%95" title="অন্তরঙ্গ সম্পর্ক – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="অন্তরঙ্গ সম্পর্ক" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relaci%C3%B3_%C3%ADntima" title="Relació íntima – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Relació íntima" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milostn%C3%BD_vztah" title="Milostný vztah – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Milostný vztah" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parforhold" title="Parforhold – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Parforhold" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partnerschaft" title="Partnerschaft – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Partnerschaft" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intiimsuhted" title="Intiimsuhted – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Intiimsuhted" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relaci%C3%B3n_%C3%ADntima" title="Relación íntima – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Relación íntima" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harreman_estu" title="Harreman estu – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Harreman estu" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B7_%D8%B5%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87" title="ارتباط صمیمانه – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ارتباط صمیمانه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%B9%9C%EB%B0%80_%EA%B4%80%EA%B3%84" title="친밀 관계 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="친밀 관계" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BB%D5%B6%D5%BF%D5%AB%D5%B4_%D5%B0%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%A2%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Ինտիմ հարաբերություններ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ինտիմ հարաբերություններ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%AD%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A7" title="आभ्यंतर सम्बंध – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="आभ्यंतर सम्बंध" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intimni_odnos" title="Intimni odnos – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Intimni odnos" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%96%D7%95%D7%92%D7%99%D7%95%D7%AA" title="זוגיות – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="זוגיות" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%9F_%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%AC%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A7" title="ನಿಕಟ ಸಂಬಂಧ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ನಿಕಟ ಸಂಬಂಧ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubungan_intim" title="Hubungan intim – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Hubungan intim" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%85%E0%AC%A8%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%A4%E0%AC%B0%E0%AC%99%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%97_%E0%AC%B8%E0%AC%AE%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%AA%E0%AC%B0%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%95" title="ଅନ୍ତରଙ୍ଗ ସମ୍ପର୍କ – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଅନ୍ତରଙ୍ଗ ସମ୍ପର୍କ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%97%E0%A9%82%E0%A9%9C%E0%A9%8D%E0%A8%B9%E0%A8%BE_%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BE" title="ਗੂੜ੍ਹਾ ਰਿਸ਼ਤਾ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਗੂੜ੍ਹਾ ਰਿਸ਼ਤਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relacionamento_%C3%ADntimo" title="Relacionamento íntimo – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Relacionamento íntimo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Интимные отношения – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Интимные отношения" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%AA_%D8%AF%D8%A7_%D8%B3%D8%A7%DA%A9" title="قربت دا ساک – Saraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="قربت دا ساک" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="Saraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سرائیکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81" title="Интимни однос – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Интимни однос" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intimni_odnos" title="Intimni odnos – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Intimni odnos" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parisuhde" title="Parisuhde – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Parisuhde" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samlevnad" title="Samlevnad – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Samlevnad" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yak%C4%B1n_ili%C5%9Fki" title="Yakın ilişki – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Yakın ilişki" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BD%D1%96_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Інтимні стосунки – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Інтимні стосунки" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%AA_%DA%A9%D8%A7_%D8%B1%D8%B4%D8%AA%DB%81" title="قربت کا رشتہ – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="قربت کا رشتہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%E1%BB%91i_quan_h%E1%BB%87_th%C3%A2n_m%E1%BA%ADt" title="Mối quan hệ thân mật – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Mối quan hệ thân mật" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%B2%E5%AF%86%E5%85%B3%E7%B3%BB" title="亲密关系 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="亲密关系" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%98%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%98%D7%A2%D7%98" title="אינטימיטעט – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="אינטימיטעט" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A6%AA%E5%AF%86%E9%97%9C%E4%BF%82" title="親密關係 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="親密關係" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%B2%E5%AF%86%E5%85%B3%E7%B3%BB" title="亲密关系 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="亲密关系" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q736922#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Intimate_relationship" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Intimate_relationship" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Intimate_relationship"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Intimate_relationship&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Intimate_relationship&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Intimate_relationship"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Intimate_relationship&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Intimate_relationship&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Intimate_relationship" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Intimate_relationship" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Intimate_relationship&oldid=1255761610" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Intimate_relationship&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Intimate_relationship&id=1255761610&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FIntimate_relationship"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FIntimate_relationship"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Intimate_relationship&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Intimate_relationship&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Intimate_relationships" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikiquote mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Personal_relationship" hreflang="en"><span>Wikiquote</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q736922" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Physical or emotional intimacy</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Couple_in_love_(8175382088).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A young couple sits on a bench. The woman is lying down with her head resting on the man's lap." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Couple_in_love_%288175382088%29.jpg/220px-Couple_in_love_%288175382088%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Couple_in_love_%288175382088%29.jpg/330px-Couple_in_love_%288175382088%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Couple_in_love_%288175382088%29.jpg/440px-Couple_in_love_%288175382088%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2484" data-file-height="1809" /></a><figcaption>Intimate relationships involve emotional or physical closeness.</figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Intimacy" redirects here. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Intimacy_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Intimacy (disambiguation)">Intimacy (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Sexual relationship" redirects here. For sexual relationships between non-human animals, see <a href="/wiki/Mating_system" title="Mating system">Mating system</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1246091330">.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.2em;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;border-collapse:collapse;display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:table!important;float:right!important;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em!important}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-subgroup{width:100%;margin:0;border-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-none{float:none;clear:both;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-outer-title{padding:0 0.4em 0.2em;font-size:125%;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-image{padding:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-caption,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle-with-top-image,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-caption{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle{padding:0.4em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.2em 0.8em;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-image{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-heading{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content{padding:0 0.5em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content-with-subgroup{padding:0.1em 0.4em 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-below{padding:0.3em 0.8em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding:0 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title" style="background:#ccccff; display:block;margin-bottom:0.4em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:People_together.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/People_together.svg/50px-People_together.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="33" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/People_together.svg/75px-People_together.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/People_together.svg/100px-People_together.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="182" data-file-height="119" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Interpersonal_relationship" title="Interpersonal relationship">Relationships</a><br /><small>(<a href="/wiki/Outline_of_relationships" title="Outline of relationships">Outline</a>)</small></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#d5d5ff;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Types</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks" style="background-color: transparent; color: var( --color-base ); border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#e6e6ff;font-style:italic;font-weight:normal;;display:block;margin-top:0.25em;"> <a href="/wiki/Genetic_genealogy" title="Genetic genealogy">Genetic</a> or <a href="/wiki/Adoption" title="Adoption">adoptive</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding-top:0.2em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kinship" title="Kinship">Kinship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family" title="Family">Family</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stepfamily" title="Stepfamily">Stepfamily</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parent" title="Parent">Parent</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Father" title="Father">Father</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mother" title="Mother">Mother</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Son" title="Son">Son</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daughter" title="Daughter">Daughter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grandparent" title="Grandparent">Grandparent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sibling" title="Sibling">Sibling</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brother" title="Brother">Brother</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sister" title="Sister">Sister</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cousin" title="Cousin">Cousin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aunt" title="Aunt">Aunt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uncle" title="Uncle">Uncle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niece_and_nephew" title="Niece and nephew">Niece and nephew</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#e6e6ff;font-style:italic;font-weight:normal;"> By <a href="/wiki/Marriage" title="Marriage">marriage</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding-top:0.2em;"> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spouse" title="Spouse">Spouse</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Husband" title="Husband">Husband</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wife" title="Wife">Wife</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_marriage" title="Open marriage">Open marriage</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Polygamy" title="Polygamy">Polygamy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Polyandry" title="Polyandry">Polyandry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polygyny" title="Polygyny">Polygyny</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div> <ul><li><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Group_marriage" title="Group marriage">Group marriage</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mixed-orientation_marriage" title="Mixed-orientation marriage">Mixed-orientation</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#e6e6ff;font-style:italic;font-weight:normal;"> Partner(s)</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding-top:0.2em;"> <table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks" style="background-color: transparent; color: var( --color-base ); border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none;margin-bottom:0;"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Significant_other" title="Significant other">Significant other</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boyfriend" title="Boyfriend">Boyfriend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Girlfriend" title="Girlfriend">Girlfriend</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cohabitation" title="Cohabitation">Cohabitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long-distance_relationship" title="Long-distance relationship">Long-distance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_relationship" title="Internet relationship">Online</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Same-sex_relationship" title="Same-sex relationship">Same-sex</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Queerplatonic_relationship" title="Queerplatonic relationship">Queerplatonic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friendship" title="Friendship">Friendship</a> (<a href="/wiki/Romantic_friendship" title="Romantic friendship">romantic</a> / <a href="/wiki/Cross-sex_friendship" title="Cross-sex friendship">cross-sex</a> / <a href="/wiki/Friend_zone" title="Friend zone">zone</a>)</li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:none;font-style:italic;font-weight:normal;;display:block;margin-left:1.0em;margin-right:1.0em;border-bottom:1px solid #bbb;"> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Intimate</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sexual_partner" title="Sexual partner">sexual</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding-top:0.15em; padding-bottom:0;"> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Casual_sex" title="Casual sex">Casual</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monogamy" title="Monogamy">Monogamy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-monogamy" title="Non-monogamy">Non-monogamy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mutual_monogamy" title="Mutual monogamy">Mutual monogamy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polyamory" title="Polyamory">Polyamory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polyfidelity" title="Polyfidelity">Polyfidelity</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Affair" title="Affair">Affair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cicisbeo" title="Cicisbeo">Cicisbeo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concubinage" title="Concubinage">Concubinage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Courtesan" title="Courtesan">Courtesan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mistress_(lover)" title="Mistress (lover)">Mistress</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr></tbody></table></td> </tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#d5d5ff;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Activities</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Human_bonding" title="Human bonding">Bonding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Courtship" title="Courtship">Courtship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dating" title="Dating">Dating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Engagement" title="Engagement">Engagement</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bachelor%27s_Day_(tradition)" title="Bachelor's Day (tradition)">Bachelor's Day</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_mating_strategies" title="Human mating strategies">Mating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meet_market" title="Meet market">Meet market</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romance_(love)" title="Romance (love)">Romance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singles_event" title="Singles event">Singles event</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wedding" title="Wedding">Wedding</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#d5d5ff;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Endings</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Breakup" title="Breakup">Breakup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legal_separation" title="Legal separation">Legal</a>/<a href="/wiki/Marital_separation" title="Marital separation">marital separation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annulment" title="Annulment">Annulment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divorce" title="Divorce">Divorce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Widow" title="Widow">Widowhood</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#d5d5ff;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Emotion" title="Emotion">Emotions and feelings</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Affinity_(sociology)" title="Affinity (sociology)">Affinity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attachment_in_adults" title="Attachment in adults">Attachment</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Intimacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jealousy" title="Jealousy">Jealousy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limerence" title="Limerence">Limerence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Love" title="Love">Love</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Platonic_love" title="Platonic love">Platonic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unconditional_love" title="Unconditional love">Unconditional</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passion_(emotion)" title="Passion (emotion)">Passion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_sexuality" title="Human sexuality">Sexuality</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#d5d5ff;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Practices</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bride_price" title="Bride price">Bride price</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dower" title="Dower">dower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dowry" title="Dowry">dowry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bride_service" title="Bride service">service</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypergamy" title="Hypergamy">Hypergamy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infidelity" title="Infidelity">Infidelity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_sexual_activity" title="Human sexual activity">Sexual activity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Relational_transgression" title="Relational transgression">Transgression</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_repression" title="Sexual repression">Repression</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#d5d5ff;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Abuse" title="Abuse">Abuse</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Child_abuse" title="Child abuse">Child</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dating_violence" title="Dating violence">Dating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domestic_violence" title="Domestic violence">Domestic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elder_abuse" title="Elder abuse">Elderly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narcissistic_parent" title="Narcissistic parent">Narcissistic parent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Controlling_behavior_in_relationships" title="Controlling behavior in relationships">Controlling behavior</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stalking" title="Stalking">Stalking</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Close_relationships" title="Template:Close relationships"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Close_relationships" title="Template talk:Close relationships"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Close_relationships" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Close relationships"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>An <b>intimate relationship</b> is an <a href="/wiki/Interpersonal_relationship" title="Interpersonal relationship">interpersonal relationship</a> that involves emotional or physical closeness between people and may include sexual intimacy and feelings of <a href="/wiki/Romance_(love)" title="Romance (love)">romance</a> or love.<sup id="cite_ref-Wong_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wong-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Intimate relationships are <a href="/wiki/Interdependence_theory" title="Interdependence theory">interdependent</a>, and the members of the relationship mutually influence each other.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The quality and nature of the relationship depends on the interactions between individuals, and is derived from the unique context and history that builds between people over time.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Social and legal institutions such as <a href="/wiki/Marriage" title="Marriage">marriage</a> acknowledge and uphold intimate relationships between people. However, intimate relationships are not necessarily <a href="/wiki/Monogamy" title="Monogamy">monogamous</a> or sexual, and there is wide social and <a href="/wiki/Culture" title="Culture">cultural</a> variability in the <a href="/wiki/Social_norm" title="Social norm">norms</a> and practices of intimacy between people. </p><p> The course of an intimate relationship includes a formation period prompted by <a href="/wiki/Interpersonal_attraction" title="Interpersonal attraction">interpersonal attraction</a> and a growing sense of closeness and familiarity. Intimate relationships evolve over time as they are maintained, and members of the relationship may become more invested in and committed to the relationship. Healthy intimate relationships are beneficial for psychological and physical well-being and contribute to overall happiness in life.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, challenges including relationship conflict, external stressors, insecurity, and jealousy can disrupt the relationship and lead to distress and <a href="/wiki/Breakup" title="Breakup">relationship dissolution</a>.<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"></p><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks plainlist"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Love" title="Category:Love">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="font-size:175%;padding:0 0.2em 0.4em;"><a href="/wiki/Love" title="Love">Love</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image" style="padding:0 0 1.0em;"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Heart_icon_red_hollow.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Red-outline heart icon"><img alt="Red-outline heart icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Heart_icon_red_hollow.svg/45px-Heart_icon_red_hollow.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="43" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Heart_icon_red_hollow.svg/68px-Heart_icon_red_hollow.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Heart_icon_red_hollow.svg/90px-Heart_icon_red_hollow.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="497" data-file-height="470" /></a><figcaption>Red-outline heart icon</figcaption></figure></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #cee0f2;background:none;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Types of love</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Affection" title="Affection">Affection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_bonding" title="Human bonding">Bonding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broken_heart" title="Broken heart">Broken heart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compassionate_love" title="Compassionate love">Compassionate love</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conjugal_love" title="Conjugal love">Conjugal love</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Courtly_love" title="Courtly love">Courtly love</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Courtship" title="Courtship">courtship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Troubadour" title="Troubadour">troubadours</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falling_in_love" title="Falling in love">Falling in love</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friendship" title="Friendship">Friendship</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cross-sex_friendship" title="Cross-sex friendship">cross-sex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_friendship" title="Romantic friendship">romantic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friend_zone" title="Friend zone">zone</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interpersonal_attraction" title="Interpersonal attraction">Interpersonal attraction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interpersonal_relationship" title="Interpersonal relationship">Interpersonal relationship</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Intimacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limerence" title="Limerence">Limerence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Love_addiction" title="Love addiction">Love addiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Love_at_first_sight" title="Love at first sight">Love at first sight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Love_triangle" title="Love triangle">Love triangle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lovesickness" title="Lovesickness">Lovesickness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lovestruck" title="Lovestruck">Lovestruck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passion_(emotion)" title="Passion (emotion)">Passion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passionate_and_companionate_love" title="Passionate and companionate love">Passionate and companionate love</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Platonic_love" title="Platonic love">Platonic love</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puppy_love" title="Puppy love">Puppy love</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queerplatonic_relationship" title="Queerplatonic relationship">Queerplatonic relationship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romance_(love)" title="Romance (love)">Romance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-love" title="Self-love">Self-love</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Amour_de_soi" title="Amour de soi">Amour de soi</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unconditional_love" title="Unconditional love">Unconditional love</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unrequited_love" title="Unrequited love">Unrequited love</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #cee0f2;background:none;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Social views</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_and_issues_related_to_love_and_sex" title="Anarchism and issues related to love and sex">Anarchist</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Free_love" title="Free love">Free love</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patriotism" title="Patriotism">Patriotism</a></li> <li>Chinese <ul><li><span title="Chinese-language text"><i lang="zh"><a href="/wiki/Ren_(Confucianism)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ren (Confucianism)">Ren</a></i></span></li> <li><span title="Chinese-language text"><i lang="zh"><a href="/wiki/Yuanfen" title="Yuanfen">Yuanfen</a></i></span></li></ul></li> <li>French <ul><li><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><a href="/wiki/Amour-propre" title="Amour-propre">Amour-propre</a></i></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_love" title="Greek love">Greek</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greek_words_for_love" title="Greek words for love">words for love</a></li> <li><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><i lang="grc"><a href="/wiki/Agape" title="Agape">Agape</a></i></span></li> <li><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><i lang="grc"><a href="/wiki/Eros_(concept)" title="Eros (concept)">Eros</a></i></span></li> <li><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><i lang="grc"><a href="/wiki/Color_wheel_theory_of_love#Ludus" class="mw-redirect" title="Color wheel theory of love">Ludus</a></i></span></li> <li><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><i lang="grc"><a href="/wiki/Color_wheel_theory_of_love#Mania" class="mw-redirect" title="Color wheel theory of love">Mania</a></i></span></li> <li><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><i lang="grc"><a href="/wiki/Self-love" title="Self-love">Philautia</a></i></span></li> <li><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><i lang="grc"><a href="/wiki/Philia" title="Philia">Philia</a></i></span></li> <li><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><i lang="grc"><a href="/wiki/Trust_(social_science)" title="Trust (social science)">Philos</a></i></span></li> <li><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><i lang="grc"><a href="/wiki/Color_wheel_theory_of_love#Pragma" class="mw-redirect" title="Color wheel theory of love">Pragma</a></i></span></li> <li><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><i lang="grc"><a href="/wiki/Storge" title="Storge">Storgḗ</a></i></span></li> <li><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><i lang="grc"><a href="/wiki/Xenia_(Greek)" title="Xenia (Greek)">Xenia</a></i></span></li></ul></li> <li>Indian <ul><li><span title="Sanskrit-language text"><i lang="sa"><a href="/wiki/Kama" title="Kama">Kama</a></i></span></li> <li><span title="Sanskrit-language text"><i lang="sa"><a href="/wiki/Bhakti" title="Bhakti">Bhakti</a></i></span></li> <li><span title="Sanskrit-language text"><i lang="sa"><a href="/wiki/Maitr%C4%AB" title="Maitrī">Maitrī</a></i></span></li></ul></li> <li>Islamic <ul><li><span title="Arabic-language text"><i lang="ar"><a href="/wiki/Ishq" title="Ishq">Ishq</a></i></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_views_on_love" title="Jewish views on love">Jewish</a> <ul><li><span title="Hebrew-language text"><i lang="he"><a href="/wiki/Chesed" title="Chesed">Chesed</a></i></span></li></ul></li> <li>Latin <ul><li><span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la"><a href="/wiki/Cupid" title="Cupid">Amor</a></i></span></li> <li><span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la"><a href="/wiki/Charity_(virtue)" class="mw-redirect" title="Charity (virtue)">Caritas</a></i></span></li></ul></li> <li>Portuguese <ul><li><span title="Portuguese-language text"><i lang="pt"><a href="/wiki/Saudade" title="Saudade">Saudade</a></i></span></li></ul></li> <li>Yaghan <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Mamihlapinatapai" title="Mamihlapinatapai">Mamihlapinatapai</a></i></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #cee0f2;background:none;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Concepts</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Color_wheel_theory_of_love" class="mw-redirect" title="Color wheel theory of love">Color wheel theory of love</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhakti_yoga" title="Bhakti yoga">Bhakti yoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biology_of_romantic_love" title="Biology of romantic love">Biology of romantic love</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Love_letter" title="Love letter">Love letter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Love_of_Christ" title="Love of Christ">Love of Christ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Love_of_God" title="Love of God">Love of God</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Love_of_God_in_Christianity" title="Love of God in Christianity">in Christianity</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Love_magic" title="Love magic">Love magic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valentine%27s_Day" title="Valentine's Day">Valentine's Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philosophy_of_love" title="Philosophy of love">Philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_views_on_love" title="Religious views on love">Religious views</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_love_and_lust_deities" title="List of love and lust deities">love deities</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mere-exposure_effect" title="Mere-exposure effect">Mere-exposure effect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacred_Heart" title="Sacred Heart">Sacred Heart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Similarity_(psychology)" title="Similarity (psychology)">Similarity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Physical_attractiveness" title="Physical attractiveness">Physical attractiveness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triangular_theory_of_love" title="Triangular theory of love">Triangular theory of love</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Love_sidebar" title="Template:Love sidebar"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Love_sidebar" title="Template talk:Love sidebar"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Love_sidebar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Love sidebar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Intimacy">Intimacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Intimate_relationship&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Intimacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Intimacy is the feeling of being in close, personal association with another person.<sup id="cite_ref-Mashek_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mashek-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Emotional_intimacy" title="Emotional intimacy">Emotional intimacy</a> is built through <a href="/wiki/Self-disclosure" title="Self-disclosure">self-disclosure</a> and responsive communication between people,<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and is critical for healthy psychological development and mental health.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Emotional intimacy produces feelings of reciprocal trust, validation, vulnerability, and closeness between individuals.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Physical_intimacy" title="Physical intimacy">Physical intimacy</a>—including <a href="/wiki/Holding_hands" title="Holding hands">holding hands</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hug" title="Hug">hugging</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kiss" title="Kiss">kissing</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Sexual_intercourse" title="Sexual intercourse">sex</a>—promotes connection between people and is often a key component of romantic intimate relationships.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Physical touch is correlated with relationship satisfaction<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and feelings of <a href="/wiki/Love" title="Love">love</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While many intimate relationships include a physical or sexual component, the potential to be sexual is not a requirement for the relationship to be intimate. For example, a <a href="/wiki/Queerplatonic_relationship" title="Queerplatonic relationship">queerplatonic relationship</a> is a non-romantic intimate relationship that involves commitment and closeness beyond that of a friendship.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Among scholars, the definition of an intimate relationship is diverse and evolving. Some reserve the term for romantic relationships,<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Bradbury-2019_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bradbury-2019-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> whereas other scholars include <a href="/wiki/Friendship" title="Friendship">friendship</a> and <a href="/wiki/Familial_relationship" class="mw-redirect" title="Familial relationship">familial relationships</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In general, an intimate relationship is an interpersonal relationship in which physically or emotionally intimate experiences occur repeatedly over time.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Course_of_intimate_relationships">Course of intimate relationships</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Intimate_relationship&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Course of intimate relationships"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Factors_influencing_Interpersonal_attraction.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Factors_influencing_Interpersonal_attraction.svg/220px-Factors_influencing_Interpersonal_attraction.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Factors_influencing_Interpersonal_attraction.svg/330px-Factors_influencing_Interpersonal_attraction.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Factors_influencing_Interpersonal_attraction.svg/440px-Factors_influencing_Interpersonal_attraction.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a><figcaption>Factors influencing <a href="/wiki/Interpersonal_attraction" title="Interpersonal attraction">Interpersonal attraction</a></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Formation">Formation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Intimate_relationship&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Formation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Attraction">Attraction</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Intimate_relationship&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Attraction"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Interpersonal_attraction" title="Interpersonal attraction">Interpersonal attraction</a> is the foundation of first impressions between potential intimate partners. <a href="/wiki/Relationship_science" title="Relationship science">Relationship scientists</a> suggest that the romantic spark, or "chemistry", that occurs between people is a combination of physical attraction, personal qualities, and a build-up of positive interactions between people.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Researchers find physical attractiveness to be the largest predictor of initial attraction.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From an evolutionary perspective, this may be because people search for a partner (or potential mate) who displays indicators of good physical health.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Yet, there is also evidence that couples in committed intimate relationships tend to match each other in physical attractiveness, and are rated as similarly physically attractive by both the members of the couple and by outside observers.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Bradbury-2019_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bradbury-2019-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An individual's perception of their own attractiveness may therefore influence who they see as a realistic partner.<sup id="cite_ref-Bradbury-2019_14-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bradbury-2019-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Beyond physical appearance, people report desirable qualities they look for in a partner such as trustworthiness, warmth, and loyalty.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, these romantic ideals are not necessarily good predictors of actual attraction or relationship success. Research has found little evidence for the success of matching potential partners based on personality traits, suggesting that romantic chemistry involves more than compatibility of traits.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rather, repeated positive interactions between people and reciprocity of romantic interest seem to be key components in attraction and relationship formation. <a href="/wiki/Reciprocal_liking" title="Reciprocal liking">Reciprocal liking</a> is most meaningful when it is displayed by someone who is selective about who they show liking to.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Initiation_strategies">Initiation strategies</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Intimate_relationship&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Initiation strategies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>When potential intimate partners are getting to know each other, they employ a variety of strategies to increase closeness and gain information about whether the other person is a desirable partner. <a href="/wiki/Self-disclosure" title="Self-disclosure">Self-disclosure</a>, the process of revealing information about oneself, is a crucial aspect of building intimacy between people.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Feelings of intimacy increase when a conversation partner is perceived as responsive and reciprocates self-disclosure, and people tend to like others who disclose emotional information to them.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other strategies used in the relationship formation stage include humor, initiating physical touch, and signaling availability and interest through eye contact, <a href="/wiki/Flirting" title="Flirting">flirtatious</a> body language, or playful interactions.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Engaging in <a href="/wiki/Dating" title="Dating">dating</a>, <a href="/wiki/Courtship" title="Courtship">courtship</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Hookup_culture" title="Hookup culture">hookup culture</a> as part of the relationship formation period allows individuals to explore different interpersonal connections before further investing in an intimate relationship.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Context">Context</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Intimate_relationship&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Context"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:How_heterosexual_couples_have_met,_data_from_2009_and_2017.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/How_heterosexual_couples_have_met%2C_data_from_2009_and_2017.png/388px-How_heterosexual_couples_have_met%2C_data_from_2009_and_2017.png" decoding="async" width="388" height="317" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/How_heterosexual_couples_have_met%2C_data_from_2009_and_2017.png/582px-How_heterosexual_couples_have_met%2C_data_from_2009_and_2017.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/10/How_heterosexual_couples_have_met%2C_data_from_2009_and_2017.png 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="507" /></a><figcaption>The internet has become a popular avenue for meeting an intimate partner.</figcaption></figure> <p>Context, timing, and external circumstances influence attraction and whether an individual is receptive to beginning an intimate relationship. Individuals vary across the lifespan in feeling ready for a relationship, and other external pressures including family expectations, peers being in committed relationships, and cultural <a href="/wiki/Norms_(sociology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Norms (sociology)">norms</a> influence when people decide to pursue an intimate relationship.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Being in close physical proximity is a powerful facilitator for formation of relationships because it allows people to get to know each other through repeated interactions. Intimate partners commonly meet at college or school, as coworkers, as neighbors, at bars, or through religious community.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Speed_dating" title="Speed dating">Speed dating</a>, <a href="/wiki/Matchmaking" title="Matchmaking">matchmakers</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Online_dating" title="Online dating">online dating services</a> are more structured formats used to begin relationships. The internet in particular has significantly changed how intimate relationships begin as it allows people to access potential partners beyond their immediate proximity.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2023, <a href="/wiki/Pew_Research_Center" title="Pew Research Center">Pew Research Center</a> found that 53% of people under 30 have used online dating, and one in ten adults in a committed relationship met their partner online.<sup id="cite_ref-Vogels_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Vogels-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, there remains skepticism about the effectiveness and safety of dating apps due to their potential to facilitate <a href="/wiki/Dating_violence" title="Dating violence">dating violence</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Vogels_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Vogels-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Maintenance">Maintenance</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Intimate_relationship&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Maintenance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Once an intimate relationship has been initiated, the relationship changes and develops over time, and the members may engage in commitment agreements and maintenance behaviors. In an ongoing relationship, couples must navigate protecting their own self-interest alongside the interest of maintaining the relationship.<sup id="cite_ref-Rusbult-2001_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rusbult-2001-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This necessitates <a href="/wiki/Compromise" title="Compromise">compromise</a>, sacrifice, and communication.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In general, feelings of intimacy and commitment increase as a relationship progresses, while <a href="/wiki/Passion_(emotion)" title="Passion (emotion)">passion</a> plateaus following the excitement of the early stages of the relationship.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Engaging in ongoing positive shared communication and activities is important for strengthening the relationship and increasing commitment and liking between partners. These maintenance behaviors can include providing assurances about commitment to the relationship, engaging in shared activities, openly disclosing thoughts and feelings, spending time with mutual friends, and contributing to shared responsibilities.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Physical intimacy including sexual behavior also increases feelings of closeness and satisfaction with the relationship.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, sexual desire is often greatest early in a relationship, and may wax and wane as the relationship evolves.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Significant life events such as the birth of a child can drastically change the relationship and necessitate adaptation and new approaches to maintaining intimacy. The transition to parenthood can be a stressful period that is generally associated with a temporary decrease in healthy relationship functioning and a decline in sexual intimacy.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Commitment">Commitment</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Intimate_relationship&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Commitment"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Edmund_Blair_Leighton_-_The_Wedding_Register.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Edmund_Blair_Leighton_-_The_Wedding_Register.jpg/220px-Edmund_Blair_Leighton_-_The_Wedding_Register.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="171" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Edmund_Blair_Leighton_-_The_Wedding_Register.jpg/330px-Edmund_Blair_Leighton_-_The_Wedding_Register.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Edmund_Blair_Leighton_-_The_Wedding_Register.jpg/440px-Edmund_Blair_Leighton_-_The_Wedding_Register.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="930" /></a><figcaption>Marriage is a form of relationship maintenance that signals commitment between partners.</figcaption></figure> <p>As a relationship develops, intimate partners often engage in commitment agreements, ceremonies, and behaviors to signal their intention to remain in the relationship.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This might include moving in together, sharing responsibilities or property, and getting <a href="/wiki/Marriage" title="Marriage">married</a>. These commitment markers increase relationship stability because they create physical, financial, and symbolic barriers and consequences to dissolving the relationship.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In general, increases in relationship satisfaction and investment are associated with increased commitment.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Evaluating_the_relationship">Evaluating the relationship</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Intimate_relationship&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Evaluating the relationship"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Individuals in intimate relationships evaluate the relative personal benefits and costs of being in the relationship, and this contributes to the decision to stay or leave. The <a href="/wiki/Investment_model_of_commitment" title="Investment model of commitment">investment model of commitment</a> is a theoretical framework that suggests that an evaluation of relationship satisfaction, relationship investment, and the quality of alternatives to the relationship impact whether an individual remains in a relationship.<sup id="cite_ref-Rusbult-2001_34-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rusbult-2001-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Because relationships are rewarding and evolutionarily necessary, and rejection is a stressful process, people are generally biased toward making decisions that uphold and further facilitate intimate relationships.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These biases can lead to distortions in the evaluation of a relationship. For instance, people in committed relationships tend to dismiss and derogate attractive alternative partners, thereby validating the decision to remain with their more attractive partner.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dissolution">Dissolution</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Intimate_relationship&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Dissolution"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The decision to leave a relationship often involves an evaluation of levels of satisfaction and commitment in the relationship.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Relationship factors such as increased commitment and feelings of love are associated with lower chances of breakup, whereas feeling ambivalent about the relationship and perceiving many alternatives to the current relationship are associated with increased chances of dissolution.<sup id="cite_ref-Le-2010_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Le-2010-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Predictors_of_dissolution">Predictors of dissolution</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Intimate_relationship&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Predictors of dissolution"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Specific individual characteristics and traits put people at greater risk for experiencing relationship dissolution. Individuals high in <a href="/wiki/Neuroticism" title="Neuroticism">neuroticism</a> (the tendency to experience negative emotions) are more prone to relationship dissolution,<sup id="cite_ref-Vangelisti-2013_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Vangelisti-2013-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and research also shows small effects of attachment avoidance and anxiety in predicting breakup.<sup id="cite_ref-Le-2010_49-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Le-2010-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Being married at a younger age, having lower income, lower educational attainment, and <a href="/wiki/Cohabitation" title="Cohabitation">cohabiting</a> before marriage are also associated with risk of divorce and relationship dissolution. These characteristics are not necessarily the inherent causes of dissolution. Rather, they are traits that impact the resources that individuals are able to draw upon to work on their relationships as well as reflections of social and cultural attitudes toward relationship institutions and divorce.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Strategies_and_consequences">Strategies and consequences</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Intimate_relationship&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Strategies and consequences"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Common strategies for ending a relationship include justifying the decision, apologizing, avoiding contact (<a href="/wiki/Ghosting_(behavior)" title="Ghosting (behavior)">ghosting</a>), or suggesting a "break" period before revisiting the decision.<sup id="cite_ref-Vangelisti-2013_50-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Vangelisti-2013-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The dissolution of an intimate relationship is a stressful event that can have a negative impact on well-being, and the rejection can elicit strong feelings of <a href="/wiki/Embarrassment" title="Embarrassment">embarrassment</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sadness" title="Sadness">sadness</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Anger" title="Anger">anger</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Following a relationship breakup, individuals are at risk for anxiety, depressive symptoms, problematic substance use, and low <a href="/wiki/Self-esteem" title="Self-esteem">self-esteem</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the period following a break-up can also promote personal growth, particularly if the previous relationship was not fulfilling.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Benefits">Benefits</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Intimate_relationship&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Benefits"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Psychological_well-being">Psychological well-being</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Intimate_relationship&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Psychological well-being"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Couple_hugging_and_smiling.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Couple_hugging_and_smiling.jpg/220px-Couple_hugging_and_smiling.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="179" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Couple_hugging_and_smiling.jpg/330px-Couple_hugging_and_smiling.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Couple_hugging_and_smiling.jpg/440px-Couple_hugging_and_smiling.jpg 2x" data-file-width="783" data-file-height="638" /></a><figcaption>Intimate relationships impact well-being.</figcaption></figure> <p>Intimate relationships impact <a href="/wiki/Happiness" title="Happiness">happiness</a> and <a href="/wiki/Life_satisfaction" title="Life satisfaction">satisfaction with life</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While people with better <a href="/wiki/Mental_health" title="Mental health">mental health</a> are more likely to enter intimate relationships, the relationships themselves also have a positive impact on mental health even after controlling for the <a href="/wiki/Selection_bias" title="Selection bias">selection effect</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In general, marriage and other types of committed intimate relationships are consistently linked to increases in happiness.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Furthermore, due to the interdependent nature of relationships, one partner's life satisfaction influences and predicts change in the other person's life satisfaction even after controlling for relationship quality.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Social_support">Social support</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Intimate_relationship&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Social support"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Social support from an intimate partner is beneficial for coping with <a href="/wiki/Stress_(biology)" title="Stress (biology)">stress</a> and significant life events.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Having a close relationship with someone who is perceived as responsive and validating helps to alleviate the negative impact of stress,<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and shared activities with an intimate partner aids in regulating emotions associated with stressful experiences.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Support for positive experiences can also improve relationship quality and increase shared positive emotions between people. When a person responds actively and constructively to their partner sharing good news (a process called "capitalization"), well-being for both individuals increases.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Sexual_intimacy">Sexual intimacy</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Intimate_relationship&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Sexual intimacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In intimate relationships that are sexual, sexual satisfaction is closely tied to overall relationship satisfaction.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sex promotes intimacy, increases happiness,<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> provides pleasure, and reduces stress.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Studies show that couples who have sex at least once per week report greater well-being than those who have sex less than once per week.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Research in <a href="/wiki/Human_sexuality" title="Human sexuality">human sexuality</a> finds that the ingredients of high quality sex include feeling connected to your partner, good communication, vulnerability, and feeling present in the moment. High quality sex in intimate relationships can both strengthen the relationship and improve well-being for each individual involved.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Physical_health">Physical health</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Intimate_relationship&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Physical health"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>High quality intimate relationships have a positive impact on <a href="/wiki/Health" title="Health">physical health</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and associations between close relationships and health outcomes involving the <a href="/wiki/Circulatory_system" title="Circulatory system">cardiovascular</a>, <a href="/wiki/Immune_system" title="Immune system">immune</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Endocrine_system" title="Endocrine system">endocrine</a> systems have been consistently identified in the scientific literature.<sup id="cite_ref-Kiecolt-Glaser-2001_72-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kiecolt-Glaser-2001-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Better relationship quality is associated lower risk of <a href="/wiki/Mortality_rate" title="Mortality rate">mortality</a><sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and relationship quality impacts <a href="/wiki/Inflammation" title="Inflammation">inflammatory</a> responses such as <a href="/wiki/Cytokine" title="Cytokine">cytokine</a> expression and <a href="/wiki/Cell_signaling" title="Cell signaling">intracellular signaling</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Furthermore, intimate partners are an important source of <a href="/wiki/Social_support" title="Social support">social support</a> for encouraging healthy behaviors such as increasing physical activity<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and quitting smoking.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sexual activity and other forms of physical intimacy also contribute positively to physical health,<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while conflict between intimate partners negatively impacts the immune and endocrine systems and can increase blood pressure.<sup id="cite_ref-Kiecolt-Glaser-2001_72-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kiecolt-Glaser-2001-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Laboratory experiments show evidence for the association between support from intimate partners and physical health. In a study assessing recovery from wounds and <a href="/wiki/Inflammation" title="Inflammation">inflammation</a>, individuals in relationships high in conflict and hostility recovered from wounds more slowly than people in low-hostility relationships.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The presence or imagined presence of an intimate partner can even impact perceived pain. In <a href="/wiki/Functional_magnetic_resonance_imaging" title="Functional magnetic resonance imaging">fMRI</a> studies, participants who view an image of their intimate partner report less pain in response to a stimulus compared to participants who view the photo of a stranger.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In another laboratory study, women who received a text message from their partner showed reduced cardiovascular response to the <a href="/wiki/Trier_social_stress_test" title="Trier social stress test">Trier Social Stress Test</a>, a stress-inducing paradigm.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Challenges">Challenges</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Intimate_relationship&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Challenges"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Conflict">Conflict</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Intimate_relationship&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Conflict"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Disagreements within intimate relationships are a stressful event,<sup id="cite_ref-Feeney-2017_83-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Feeney-2017-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the strategies couples use to navigate conflict impact the quality and success of the relationship.<sup id="cite_ref-Overall-2017_84-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Overall-2017-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Common sources of conflict between intimate partners include disagreements about the balance of work and family life, frequency of sex, finances, and household tasks.<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Psychologist <a href="/wiki/John_Gottman" title="John Gottman">John Gottman</a>'s research has identified three stages of conflict in couples. First, couples present their opinions and feelings on the issue. Next, they argue and attempt to persuade the other of their viewpoint, and finally, the members of the relationship negotiate to try to arrive at a compromise.<sup id="cite_ref-Gottman-2017_86-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gottman-2017-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Individuals vary in how they typically engage with conflict.<sup id="cite_ref-Gottman-2017_86-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gottman-2017-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Gottman describes that happy couples differ from unhappy couples in their interactions during conflict: unhappy couples tend to use more frequent negative tone of voice, show more predictable behavior during communication, and get stuck in cycles of negative behavior with their partner.<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Bradbury-2019_14-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bradbury-2019-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other unproductive strategies within conflict include avoidance and withdrawal, defensiveness, and hostility.<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These responses may be salient when an individual feels threatened by the conflict, which can be a reflection of insecure <a href="/wiki/Attachment_theory" title="Attachment theory">attachment orientation</a> and previous negative relationship experiences.<sup id="cite_ref-Feeney-2017_83-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Feeney-2017-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When conflicts go unresolved, relationship satisfaction is negatively impacted.<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Constructive conflict resolution strategies include validating the other person's point of view and concerns, expressing affection, using humor, and active listening. However, the effectiveness of these strategies depend on the topic and severity of the conflict and the characteristics of the individuals involved.<sup id="cite_ref-Overall-2017_84-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Overall-2017-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Repeated stressful instances of unresolved conflict might cause intimate partners to seek <a href="/wiki/Couples_therapy" title="Couples therapy">couples counseling</a>, consult <a href="/wiki/Self-help" title="Self-help">self-help</a> resources, or consider ending the relationship.<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Attachment_insecurity">Attachment insecurity</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Intimate_relationship&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Attachment insecurity"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Attachment orientations that develop from early interpersonal relationships can influence how people behave in intimate relationships, and insecure attachment can lead to specific issues in a relationship. Individuals vary in attachment anxiety (the degree to which they worry about abandonment) and avoidance (the degree to which they avoid emotional closeness).<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Research shows that insecure attachment orientations that are high in avoidance or anxiety are associated with experiencing more frequent negative emotions in intimate relationships.<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Individuals high in attachment anxiety are particularly prone to <a href="/wiki/Jealousy" title="Jealousy">jealousy</a> and experience heightened distress about whether their partner will leave them.<sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Highly anxious individuals also perceive more conflict in their relationships and are disproportionately negatively affected by those conflicts.<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In contrast, avoidantly attached individuals may experience <a href="/wiki/Fear_of_intimacy" title="Fear of intimacy">fear of intimacy</a> or be dismissive of the potential benefits of a close relationship and thus have difficulty building an intimate connection with a partner.<sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Stress">Stress</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Intimate_relationship&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Stress"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Stress that occurs both within and outside an intimate relationship—including financial issues, familial obligations, and stress at work—can negatively impact the quality of the relationship.<sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Stress depletes the psychological resources that are crucial for developing and maintaining a healthy relationship. Rather than spending energy investing in the relationship through shared activities, sex and physical intimacy, and healthy communication, couples under stress are forced to use their psychological resources to manage other pressing issues.<sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Low <a href="/wiki/Socioeconomic_status" title="Socioeconomic status">socioeconomic status</a> is a particularly salient stressful context that constrains an individual's ability to invest in maintaining a healthy intimate relationship. Couples with lower socioeconomic status are at risk for experiencing increased rates of dissolution and lower relationship satisfaction.<sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Infidelity">Infidelity</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Intimate_relationship&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Infidelity"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Infidelity and sex outside a monogamous relationship are behaviors that are commonly disapproved of, a frequent source of conflict, and a cause of relationship dissolution.<sup id="cite_ref-Blow-2005_99-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Blow-2005-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Low relationship satisfaction may cause people to desire physical or emotional connection outside their primary relationship.<sup id="cite_ref-Blow-2005_99-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Blow-2005-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, people with more sexual opportunities, greater interest in sex, and more permissive attitudes toward sex are also more likely to engage in infidelity.<sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the United States, research has found that between 15 and 25% of adults report ever cheating on a partner.<sup id="cite_ref-Institute_for_Family_Studies_101-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Institute_for_Family_Studies-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>When one member of a relationship violates agreements of sexual or emotional exclusivity, the foundation of trust in the primary relationship is negatively impacted, and individuals may experience <a href="/wiki/Depression_(mood)" title="Depression (mood)">depression</a>, low <a href="/wiki/Self-esteem" title="Self-esteem">self-esteem</a>, and emotional dysregulation in the aftermath of an <a href="/wiki/Affair" title="Affair">affair</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Infidelity is ultimately tied to increased likelihood of relationship dissolution or divorce.<sup id="cite_ref-Institute_for_Family_Studies_101-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Institute_for_Family_Studies-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Intimate_partner_violence">Intimate partner violence</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Intimate_relationship&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Intimate partner violence"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Violence within an intimate relationship can take the form of <a href="/wiki/Physical_abuse" title="Physical abuse">physical</a>, <a href="/wiki/Psychological_abuse" title="Psychological abuse">psychological</a>, <a href="/wiki/Economic_abuse" title="Economic abuse">financial</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Sexual_abuse" title="Sexual abuse">sexual abuse</a>. The <a href="/wiki/World_Health_Organization" title="World Health Organization">World Health Organization</a> estimates that 30% of women have experienced physical or sexual violence perpetrated by an intimate partner.<sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The strong emotional attachment, investment, and interdependence that characterizes close relationships can make it difficult to leave an abusive relationship.<sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Research has identified a variety of risk factors for and types of perpetrators of intimate partner violence. Individuals who are exposed to violence or experience abuse in childhood are more likely to become perpetrators or victims of intimate partner violence as adults as part of the intergenerational <a href="/wiki/Cycle_of_violence" title="Cycle of violence">cycle of violence</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-105" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Perpetrators are also more likely to be aggressive, impulsive, prone to anger, and may show pathological personality traits such as <a href="/wiki/Antisocial_personality_disorder" title="Antisocial personality disorder">antisocial</a> and <a href="/wiki/Borderline_personality_disorder" title="Borderline personality disorder">borderline</a> traits.<sup id="cite_ref-106" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Patriarchy" title="Patriarchy">Patriarchal</a> cultural scripts that depict men as aggressive and dominant may be an additional risk factor for men engaging in violence toward an intimate partner,<sup id="cite_ref-107" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> although violence by female perpetrators is also a well-documented phenomenon<sup id="cite_ref-108" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and research finds other contextual and demographic characteristics to be more salient risks factors.<sup id="cite_ref-109" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Contextual factors such as high levels of stress can also contribute to risk of violence. Within the relationship, high levels of conflict and disagreements are associated with intimate partner violence, particularly for people who react to conflict with hostility.<sup id="cite_ref-110" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Social_and_cultural_variability">Social and cultural variability</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Intimate_relationship&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Social and cultural variability"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Culture">Culture</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Intimate_relationship&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Cultural context has influence in many domains within intimate relationships including norms in communication, expression of affection, commitment and marriage practices, and <a href="/wiki/Gender_role" title="Gender role">gender roles</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-111" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For example, <a href="/wiki/Cross-cultural" title="Cross-cultural">cross-cultural</a> research finds that individuals in China prefer indirect and implicit communication with their romantic partner, whereas European Americans report preferring direct communication. The use of a culturally appropriate communication style influences anticipated relationship satisfaction.<sup id="cite_ref-112" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Culture can also impact expectations within a relationship and the relative importance of various relationship-centered values such as emotional closeness, equity, status, and autonomy.<sup id="cite_ref-113" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>While <a href="/wiki/Love" title="Love">love</a> has been identified as a universal human <a href="/wiki/Emotion" title="Emotion">emotion</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-114" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the ways love is expressed and its importance in intimate relationships vary based on the culture within which a relationship takes place. Culture is especially salient in structuring beliefs about institutions that recognize intimate relationships such as <a href="/wiki/Marriage" title="Marriage">marriage</a>. The idea that love is necessary for marriage is a strongly held belief in the United States,<sup id="cite_ref-115" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> whereas in India, a distinction is made between traditional <a href="/wiki/Arranged_marriage" title="Arranged marriage">arranged marriages</a> and "<a href="/wiki/Love_marriage" title="Love marriage">love marriages</a>" (also called personal choice marriages).<sup id="cite_ref-116" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="LGBTQ+_intimacy"><span id="LGBTQ.2B_intimacy"></span>LGBTQ+ intimacy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Intimate_relationship&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: LGBTQ+ intimacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Same-sex_intimate_relationships">Same-sex intimate relationships</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Intimate_relationship&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Same-sex intimate relationships"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Advances in legal <a href="/wiki/Same-sex_marriage" title="Same-sex marriage">relationship recognition</a> for same-sex couples have helped normalize and legitimize same-sex intimacy.<sup id="cite_ref-117" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Broadly, same-sex and different-sex intimate relationships do not differ significantly, and couples report similar levels of relationship satisfaction and stability.<sup id="cite_ref-Peplau-2007_118-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Peplau-2007-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, research supports a few common differences between same-sex and different-sex intimacy. In the relationship formation period, the boundaries between friendship and romantic intimacy may be more nuanced and complex among sexual minorities.<sup id="cite_ref-119" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-119"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For instance, many lesbian women report that their romantic relationships developed from an existing friendship.<sup id="cite_ref-120" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-120"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Certain relationship maintenance practices also differ. While heterosexual relationships might rely on traditional <a href="/wiki/Gender_role" title="Gender role">gender roles</a> to divide labor and decision-making power, same-sex couples are more likely to divide housework evenly.<sup id="cite_ref-Peplau-2007_118-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Peplau-2007-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lesbian couples report lower frequency of sex compared to heterosexual couples, and gay men are more likely to engage in <a href="/wiki/Non-monogamy" title="Non-monogamy">non-monogamy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-121" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-121"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Same-sex relationships face unique challenges with regards to stigma, <a href="/wiki/Discrimination" title="Discrimination">discrimination</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Social_support" title="Social support">social support</a>. As couples cope with these obstacles, relationship quality can be negatively affected.<sup id="cite_ref-122" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-122"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>122<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Unsupportive policy environments such as <a href="/wiki/Defense_of_Marriage_Act" title="Defense of Marriage Act">same-sex marriage bans</a> have a negative impact on well-being,<sup id="cite_ref-123" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-123"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>123<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while being <a href="/wiki/Coming_out" title="Coming out">out</a> as a couple and living in a place with legal same-sex relationship recognition have a positive impact on individual and couple well-being.<sup id="cite_ref-124" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-124"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>124<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Asexuality">Asexuality</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Intimate_relationship&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Asexuality"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Some asexual people engage in intimate relationships that are solely emotionally intimate, but other asexual people's relationships involve sex as part of negotiations with non-asexual partners.<sup id="cite_ref-125" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-125"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>125<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Chasin-2015_126-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chasin-2015-126"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>126<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A 2019 study of sexual minority individuals in the United States found that while asexual individuals were less likely to have recently had sex, they did not differ from non-asexual participants in rates of being in an intimate relationship.<sup id="cite_ref-127" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-127"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>127<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Asexual individuals face stigma and the pathologization of their sexual orientation,<sup id="cite_ref-128" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-128"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>128<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and report difficulty navigating assumptions about sexuality in the dating scene.<sup id="cite_ref-Chasin-2015_126-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chasin-2015-126"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>126<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Various terms including "<a href="/wiki/Queerplatonic_relationship" title="Queerplatonic relationship">queerplatonic relationship</a>" and "squish" (a non-sexual crush) have been used by the asexual community to describe non-sexual intimate relationships and desires.<sup id="cite_ref-129" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-129"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>129<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Non-monogamy">Non-monogamy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Intimate_relationship&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Non-monogamy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Non-monogamy, including <a href="/wiki/Polyamory" title="Polyamory">polyamory</a>, <a href="/wiki/Open_relationship" title="Open relationship">open relationships</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Swinging_(sexual_practice)" title="Swinging (sexual practice)">swinging</a>, is the practice of engaging in intimate relationships that are not strictly monogamous, or consensually engaging in multiple physically or emotionally intimate relationships. The degree of emotional and physical intimacy between different partners can vary. For example, swinging relationships are primarily sexual, whereas people in polyamorous relationships might engage in both emotional and physical intimacy with multiple partners.<sup id="cite_ref-130" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-130"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>130<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Individuals in consensually non-monogamous intimate relationships identify several benefits to their relationship configuration including having their needs met by multiple partners, engaging in a greater variety of shared activities with partners, and feelings of autonomy and personal growth.<sup id="cite_ref-131" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-131"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>131<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Intimate_relationship&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 22em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Attachment_theory" title="Attachment theory">Attachment theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breakup" title="Breakup">Breakup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Couples_therapy" title="Couples therapy">Couples therapy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dating" title="Dating">Dating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emotional_intimacy" title="Emotional intimacy">Emotional intimacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friendship" title="Friendship">Friendship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_bonding" title="Human bonding">Human bonding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interpersonal_attraction" title="Interpersonal attraction">Interpersonal attraction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intimate_partner_violence" title="Intimate partner violence">Intimate partner violence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marriage" title="Marriage">Marriage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monogamy" title="Monogamy">Monogamy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_relationship" title="Open relationship">Open relationship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_relationships" title="Outline of relationships">Outline of relationships</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Physical_intimacy" title="Physical intimacy">Physical intimacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polyamory" title="Polyamory">Polyamory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Relationship_science" title="Relationship science">Relationship science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romance_(love)" title="Romance (love)">Romance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Same-sex_relationship" title="Same-sex relationship">Same-sex relationship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_attraction" title="Sexual attraction">Sexual attraction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Significant_other" title="Significant other">Significant other</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_buffering" title="Social buffering">Social buffering</a></li></ul></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Intimate_relationship&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Wong-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Wong_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFWongHallJusticeWong2014" class="citation book cs1">Wong, D.W.; Hall, K.R.; Justice, C.A.; Wong, L. (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=dnYcBgAAQBAJ"><i>Counseling Individuals Through the Lifespan</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/SAGE_Publications" class="mw-redirect" title="SAGE Publications">SAGE Publications</a>. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=dnYcBgAAQBAJ&pg=PA326">326</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4833-2203-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4833-2203-2"><bdi>978-1-4833-2203-2</bdi></a>. <q>Intimacy: As an intimate relationship is an interpersonal relationship that involves physical or emotional intimacy. Physical intimacy is characterized by romantic or passionate attachment or sexual activity.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Counseling+Individuals+Through+the+Lifespan&rft.pages=326&rft.pub=SAGE+Publications&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-1-4833-2203-2&rft.aulast=Wong&rft.aufirst=D.W.&rft.au=Hall%2C+K.R.&rft.au=Justice%2C+C.A.&rft.au=Wong%2C+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DdnYcBgAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRusbult2003" class="citation cs2">Rusbult, Caryl E. (2003), Fletcher, Garth J. O.; Clark, Margaret S. (eds.), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/9780470998557.ch14">"Interdependence in Close Relationships"</a>, <i>Blackwell Handbook of Social Psychology: Interpersonal Processes</i> (1 ed.), Wiley, pp. 357–387, <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2F9780470998557.ch14">10.1002/9780470998557.ch14</a>, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-631-21228-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-631-21228-7"><bdi>978-0-631-21228-7</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 October</span> 2023</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Blackwell+Handbook+of+Social+Psychology%3A+Interpersonal+Processes&rft.atitle=Interdependence+in+Close+Relationships&rft.pages=357-387&rft.date=2003&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2F9780470998557.ch14&rft.isbn=978-0-631-21228-7&rft.aulast=Rusbult&rft.aufirst=Caryl+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fonlinelibrary.wiley.com%2Fdoi%2F10.1002%2F9780470998557.ch14&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFinkelSimpsonEastwick2017" class="citation journal cs1">Finkel, Eli J.; Simpson, Jeffry A.; Eastwick, Paul W. (3 January 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/10.1146/annurev-psych-010416-044038">"The Psychology of Close Relationships: Fourteen Core Principles"</a>. <i>Annual Review of Psychology</i>. <b>68</b> (1): 383–411. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1146%2Fannurev-psych-010416-044038">10.1146/annurev-psych-010416-044038</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0066-4308">0066-4308</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27618945">27618945</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:207567096">207567096</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+Review+of+Psychology&rft.atitle=The+Psychology+of+Close+Relationships%3A+Fourteen+Core+Principles&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=383-411&rft.date=2017-01-03&rft.issn=0066-4308&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A207567096%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F27618945&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1146%2Fannurev-psych-010416-044038&rft.aulast=Finkel&rft.aufirst=Eli+J.&rft.au=Simpson%2C+Jeffry+A.&rft.au=Eastwick%2C+Paul+W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.annualreviews.org%2Fdoi%2F10.1146%2Fannurev-psych-010416-044038&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFProulxHelmsBuehler2007" class="citation journal cs1">Proulx, Christine M.; Helms, Heather M.; Buehler, Cheryl (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1741-3737.2007.00393.x">"Marital Quality and Personal Well-Being: A Meta-Analysis"</a>. <i>Journal of Marriage and Family</i>. <b>69</b> (3): 576–593. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1741-3737.2007.00393.x">10.1111/j.1741-3737.2007.00393.x</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0022-2445">0022-2445</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Marriage+and+Family&rft.atitle=Marital+Quality+and+Personal+Well-Being%3A+A+Meta-Analysis&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=576-593&rft.date=2007&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1741-3737.2007.00393.x&rft.issn=0022-2445&rft.aulast=Proulx&rft.aufirst=Christine+M.&rft.au=Helms%2C+Heather+M.&rft.au=Buehler%2C+Cheryl&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fonlinelibrary.wiley.com%2Fdoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1741-3737.2007.00393.x&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mashek-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Mashek_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMashekAron2004" class="citation book cs1">Mashek, D.J.; Aron, A. (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=viZ5AgAAQBAJ"><i>Handbook of Closeness and Intimacy</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Psychology_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="Psychology Press">Psychology Press</a>. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=viZ5AgAAQBAJ&pg=PA1">1</a>–6. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-135-63240-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-135-63240-3"><bdi>978-1-135-63240-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Handbook+of+Closeness+and+Intimacy&rft.pages=1-6&rft.pub=Psychology+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-1-135-63240-3&rft.aulast=Mashek&rft.aufirst=D.J.&rft.au=Aron%2C+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DviZ5AgAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFForestSiglerBainO'Brien2023" class="citation journal cs1">Forest, Amanda L.; Sigler, Kirby N.; Bain, Kaitlin S.; O'Brien, Emily R.; Wood, Joanne V. (1 August 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352250X23000416">"Self-esteem's impacts on intimacy-building: Pathways through self-disclosure and responsiveness"</a>. <i>Current Opinion in Psychology</i>. <b>52</b>: 101596. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.copsyc.2023.101596">10.1016/j.copsyc.2023.101596</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2352-250X">2352-250X</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37348388">37348388</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:258928012">258928012</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+Opinion+in+Psychology&rft.atitle=Self-esteem%27s+impacts+on+intimacy-building%3A+Pathways+through+self-disclosure+and+responsiveness&rft.volume=52&rft.pages=101596&rft.date=2023-08-01&rft.issn=2352-250X&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A258928012%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F37348388&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.copsyc.2023.101596&rft.aulast=Forest&rft.aufirst=Amanda+L.&rft.au=Sigler%2C+Kirby+N.&rft.au=Bain%2C+Kaitlin+S.&rft.au=O%27Brien%2C+Emily+R.&rft.au=Wood%2C+Joanne+V.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencedirect.com%2Fscience%2Farticle%2Fpii%2FS2352250X23000416&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGaia2002" class="citation journal cs1">Gaia, A. Celeste (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/41887101">"Understanding Emotional Intimacy: A Review of Conceptualization, Assessment and the Role of Gender"</a>. <i>International Social Science Review</i>. <b>77</b> (3/4): 151–170. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0278-2308">0278-2308</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/41887101">41887101</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Social+Science+Review&rft.atitle=Understanding+Emotional+Intimacy%3A+A+Review+of+Conceptualization%2C+Assessment+and+the+Role+of+Gender&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=3%2F4&rft.pages=151-170&rft.date=2002&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F41887101%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.issn=0278-2308&rft.aulast=Gaia&rft.aufirst=A.+Celeste&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F41887101&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTimmerman1991" class="citation journal cs1">Timmerman, Gayle M. (1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.3109/01612849109058207">"A concept analysis of intimacy"</a>. <i>Issues in Mental Health Nursing</i>. <b>12</b> (1): 19–30. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3109%2F01612849109058207">10.3109/01612849109058207</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0161-2840">0161-2840</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1988378">1988378</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Issues+in+Mental+Health+Nursing&rft.atitle=A+concept+analysis+of+intimacy&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=19-30&rft.date=1991&rft.issn=0161-2840&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F1988378&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3109%2F01612849109058207&rft.aulast=Timmerman&rft.aufirst=Gayle+M.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tandfonline.com%2Fdoi%2Ffull%2F10.3109%2F01612849109058207&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://blogs.iu.edu/kinseyinstitute/2020/05/28/the-power-of-touch-physical-affection-is-important-in-relationships-but-some-people-need-more-than-others/">"The Power of Touch: Physical Affection is Important in Relationships, but Some People Need More Than Others – Kinsey Institute Research & Institute News"</a>. <i>blogs.iu.edu</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=blogs.iu.edu&rft.atitle=The+Power+of+Touch%3A+Physical+Affection+is+Important+in+Relationships%2C+but+Some+People+Need+More+Than+Others+%E2%80%93+Kinsey+Institute+Research+%26+Institute+News&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fblogs.iu.edu%2Fkinseyinstitute%2F2020%2F05%2F28%2Fthe-power-of-touch-physical-affection-is-important-in-relationships-but-some-people-need-more-than-others%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGallaceSpence2010" class="citation journal cs1">Gallace, Alberto; Spence, Charles (1 February 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0149763408001723">"The science of interpersonal touch: An overview"</a>. <i>Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews</i>. Touch, Temperature, Pain/Itch and Pleasure. <b>34</b> (2): 246–259. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.neubiorev.2008.10.004">10.1016/j.neubiorev.2008.10.004</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0149-7634">0149-7634</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18992276">18992276</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:1092688">1092688</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neuroscience+%26+Biobehavioral+Reviews&rft.atitle=The+science+of+interpersonal+touch%3A+An+overview&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=246-259&rft.date=2010-02-01&rft.issn=0149-7634&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A1092688%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F18992276&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.neubiorev.2008.10.004&rft.aulast=Gallace&rft.aufirst=Alberto&rft.au=Spence%2C+Charles&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencedirect.com%2Fscience%2Farticle%2Fpii%2FS0149763408001723&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSorokowskaKowalSalujaAavik2023" class="citation journal cs1">Sorokowska, Agnieszka; Kowal, Marta; Saluja, Supreet; Aavik, Toivo; Alm, Charlotte; Anjum, Afifa; Asao, Kelly; Batres, Carlota; Bensafia, Aicha; Bizumic, Boris; Boussena, Mahmoud; Buss, David M.; Butovskaya, Marina; Can, Seda; Carrier, Antonin (2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10073073">"Love and affectionate touch toward romantic partners all over the world"</a>. <i>Scientific Reports</i>. <b>13</b> (1): 5497. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2023NatSR..13.5497S">2023NatSR..13.5497S</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fs41598-023-31502-1">10.1038/s41598-023-31502-1</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2045-2322">2045-2322</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10073073">10073073</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37015974">37015974</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Scientific+Reports&rft.atitle=Love+and+affectionate+touch+toward+romantic+partners+all+over+the+world&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=5497&rft.date=2023&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC10073073%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2023NatSR..13.5497S&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F37015974&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2Fs41598-023-31502-1&rft.issn=2045-2322&rft.aulast=Sorokowska&rft.aufirst=Agnieszka&rft.au=Kowal%2C+Marta&rft.au=Saluja%2C+Supreet&rft.au=Aavik%2C+Toivo&rft.au=Alm%2C+Charlotte&rft.au=Anjum%2C+Afifa&rft.au=Asao%2C+Kelly&rft.au=Batres%2C+Carlota&rft.au=Bensafia%2C+Aicha&rft.au=Bizumic%2C+Boris&rft.au=Boussena%2C+Mahmoud&rft.au=Buss%2C+David+M.&rft.au=Butovskaya%2C+Marina&rft.au=Can%2C+Seda&rft.au=Carrier%2C+Antonin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC10073073&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/bound-together/202109/queerplatonic-relationships-new-term-old-custom">"Queerplatonic Relationships: A New Term for an Old Custom | Psychology Today"</a>. <i>www.psychologytoday.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.psychologytoday.com&rft.atitle=Queerplatonic+Relationships%3A+A+New+Term+for+an+Old+Custom+%7C+Psychology+Today&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.psychologytoday.com%2Fus%2Fblog%2Fbound-together%2F202109%2Fqueerplatonic-relationships-new-term-old-custom&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMiller2022" class="citation book cs1">Miller, Rowland (2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mheducation.com/highered/product/intimate-relationships-miller/M9781260804263.html"><i>Intimate Relationships</i></a> (9th ed.). McGraw Hill. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-260-80426-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-260-80426-3"><bdi>978-1-260-80426-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Intimate+Relationships&rft.edition=9th&rft.pub=McGraw+Hill&rft.date=2022&rft.isbn=978-1-260-80426-3&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=Rowland&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mheducation.com%2Fhighered%2Fproduct%2Fintimate-relationships-miller%2FM9781260804263.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bradbury-2019-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bradbury-2019_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bradbury-2019_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bradbury-2019_14-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bradbury-2019_14-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBradburyKarney2019" class="citation book cs1">Bradbury, Thomas N.; Karney, Benjamin R. (1 July 2019). <i>Intimate Relationships</i> (3rd ed.). W. W. Norton & Company. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-393-64025-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-393-64025-0"><bdi>978-0-393-64025-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Intimate+Relationships&rft.edition=3rd&rft.pub=W.+W.+Norton+%26+Company&rft.date=2019-07-01&rft.isbn=978-0-393-64025-0&rft.aulast=Bradbury&rft.aufirst=Thomas+N.&rft.au=Karney%2C+Benjamin+R.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcCarthyDoolittleSclater2012" class="citation book cs1">McCarthy, Jane Ribbens; Doolittle, Megan; Sclater, Shelley Day (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=hooL2-lwfvwC"><i>Understanding Family Meanings: A Reflective Text</i></a>. Policy Press. pp. 267–268. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4473-0112-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4473-0112-7"><bdi>978-1-4473-0112-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Understanding+Family+Meanings%3A+A+Reflective+Text&rft.pages=267-268&rft.pub=Policy+Press&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-1-4473-0112-7&rft.aulast=McCarthy&rft.aufirst=Jane+Ribbens&rft.au=Doolittle%2C+Megan&rft.au=Sclater%2C+Shelley+Day&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DhooL2-lwfvwC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGaia2002" class="citation journal cs1">Gaia, A. Celeste (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/41887101">"Understanding Emotional Intimacy: A Review of Conceptualization, Assessment and the Role of Gender"</a>. <i>International Social Science Review</i>. <b>77</b> (3/4): 151–170. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0278-2308">0278-2308</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/41887101">41887101</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Social+Science+Review&rft.atitle=Understanding+Emotional+Intimacy%3A+A+Review+of+Conceptualization%2C+Assessment+and+the+Role+of+Gender&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=3%2F4&rft.pages=151-170&rft.date=2002&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F41887101%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.issn=0278-2308&rft.aulast=Gaia&rft.aufirst=A.+Celeste&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F41887101&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEastwickFinkelJoel2023" class="citation journal cs1">Eastwick, Paul W.; Finkel, Eli J.; Joel, Samantha (2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1037%2Frev0000360">"Mate evaluation theory"</a>. <i>Psychological Review</i>. <b>130</b> (1): 211–241. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1037%2Frev0000360">10.1037/rev0000360</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1939-1471">1939-1471</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35389716">35389716</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:248024402">248024402</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Psychological+Review&rft.atitle=Mate+evaluation+theory.&rft.volume=130&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=211-241&rft.date=2023&rft.issn=1939-1471&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A248024402%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F35389716&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1037%2Frev0000360&rft.aulast=Eastwick&rft.aufirst=Paul+W.&rft.au=Finkel%2C+Eli+J.&rft.au=Joel%2C+Samantha&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1037%252Frev0000360&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEastwickLuchiesFinkelHunt2014" class="citation journal cs1">Eastwick, Paul W.; Luchies, Laura B.; Finkel, Eli J.; Hunt, Lucy L. (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://doi.apa.org/getdoi.cfm?doi=10.1037/a0032432">"The predictive validity of ideal partner preferences: A review and meta-analysis"</a>. <i>Psychological Bulletin</i>. <b>140</b> (3): 623–665. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1037%2Fa0032432">10.1037/a0032432</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1939-1455">1939-1455</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23586697">23586697</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Psychological+Bulletin&rft.atitle=The+predictive+validity+of+ideal+partner+preferences%3A+A+review+and+meta-analysis.&rft.volume=140&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=623-665&rft.date=2014&rft.issn=1939-1455&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F23586697&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1037%2Fa0032432&rft.aulast=Eastwick&rft.aufirst=Paul+W.&rft.au=Luchies%2C+Laura+B.&rft.au=Finkel%2C+Eli+J.&rft.au=Hunt%2C+Lucy+L.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdoi.apa.org%2Fgetdoi.cfm%3Fdoi%3D10.1037%2Fa0032432&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Graziano, William G.; Bruce, Jennifer Weisho, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429020513-24">"Attraction and the Initiation of Relationships: A Review of the Empirical Literature"</a>, <i>Handbook of Relationship Initiation</i>, Psychology Press, pp. 275–301, 5 September 2018, <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.4324%2F9780429020513-24">10.4324/9780429020513-24</a>, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-429-02051-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-429-02051-3"><bdi>978-0-429-02051-3</bdi></a>, <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:210531741">210531741</a><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 November</span> 2023</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Handbook+of+Relationship+Initiation&rft.atitle=Attraction+and+the+Initiation+of+Relationships%3A+A+Review+of+the+Empirical+Literature&rft.pages=275-301&rft.date=2018-09-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A210531741%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.4324%2F9780429020513-24&rft.isbn=978-0-429-02051-3&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.4324%2F9780429020513-24&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFeingold1988" class="citation journal cs1">Feingold, Alan (1988). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://doi.apa.org/getdoi.cfm?doi=10.1037/0033-2909.104.2.226">"Matching for attractiveness in romantic partners and same-sex friends: A meta-analysis and theoretical critique"</a>. <i>Psychological Bulletin</i>. <b>104</b> (2): 226–235. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1037%2F0033-2909.104.2.226">10.1037/0033-2909.104.2.226</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1939-1455">1939-1455</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Psychological+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Matching+for+attractiveness+in+romantic+partners+and+same-sex+friends%3A+A+meta-analysis+and+theoretical+critique.&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=226-235&rft.date=1988&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1037%2F0033-2909.104.2.226&rft.issn=1939-1455&rft.aulast=Feingold&rft.aufirst=Alan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdoi.apa.org%2Fgetdoi.cfm%3Fdoi%3D10.1037%2F0033-2909.104.2.226&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCampbellFletcher2015" class="citation journal cs1">Campbell, Lorne; Fletcher, Garth JO (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352250X15000548">"Romantic relationships, ideal standards, and mate selection"</a>. <i>Current Opinion in Psychology</i>. Relationship science. <b>1</b>: 97–100. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.copsyc.2015.01.007">10.1016/j.copsyc.2015.01.007</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2352-250X">2352-250X</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+Opinion+in+Psychology&rft.atitle=Romantic+relationships%2C+ideal+standards%2C+and+mate+selection&rft.volume=1&rft.pages=97-100&rft.date=2015&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.copsyc.2015.01.007&rft.issn=2352-250X&rft.aulast=Campbell&rft.aufirst=Lorne&rft.au=Fletcher%2C+Garth+JO&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencedirect.com%2Fscience%2Farticle%2Fpii%2FS2352250X15000548&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEastwickJoelCarswellMolden2023" class="citation journal cs1">Eastwick, Paul W; Joel, Samantha; Carswell, Kathleen L; Molden, Daniel C; Finkel, Eli J; Blozis, Shelley A (2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1177%2F08902070221085877">"Predicting romantic interest during early relationship development: A preregistered investigation using machine learning"</a>. <i>European Journal of Personality</i>. <b>37</b> (3): 276–312. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1177%2F08902070221085877">10.1177/08902070221085877</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0890-2070">0890-2070</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:241096185">241096185</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=European+Journal+of+Personality&rft.atitle=Predicting+romantic+interest+during+early+relationship+development%3A+A+preregistered+investigation+using+machine+learning&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=276-312&rft.date=2023&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A241096185%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=0890-2070&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1177%2F08902070221085877&rft.aulast=Eastwick&rft.aufirst=Paul+W&rft.au=Joel%2C+Samantha&rft.au=Carswell%2C+Kathleen+L&rft.au=Molden%2C+Daniel+C&rft.au=Finkel%2C+Eli+J&rft.au=Blozis%2C+Shelley+A&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1177%252F08902070221085877&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEastwickFinkelMochonAriely2007" class="citation journal cs1">Eastwick, Paul W.; Finkel, Eli J.; Mochon, Daniel; Ariely, Dan (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1111/j.1467-9280.2007.01897.x">"Selective Versus Unselective Romantic Desire: Not All Reciprocity Is Created Equal"</a>. <i>Psychological Science</i>. <b>18</b> (4): 317–319. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1467-9280.2007.01897.x">10.1111/j.1467-9280.2007.01897.x</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0956-7976">0956-7976</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17470256">17470256</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:2843605">2843605</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Psychological+Science&rft.atitle=Selective+Versus+Unselective+Romantic+Desire%3A+Not+All+Reciprocity+Is+Created+Equal&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=317-319&rft.date=2007&rft.issn=0956-7976&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A2843605%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F17470256&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1467-9280.2007.01897.x&rft.aulast=Eastwick&rft.aufirst=Paul+W.&rft.au=Finkel%2C+Eli+J.&rft.au=Mochon%2C+Daniel&rft.au=Ariely%2C+Dan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjournals.sagepub.com%2Fdoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1467-9280.2007.01897.x&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCollinsMiller1994" class="citation journal cs1">Collins, Nancy L.; Miller, Lynn Carol (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://doi.apa.org/getdoi.cfm?doi=10.1037/0033-2909.116.3.457">"Self-disclosure and liking: A meta-analytic review"</a>. <i>Psychological Bulletin</i>. <b>116</b> (3): 457–475. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1037%2F0033-2909.116.3.457">10.1037/0033-2909.116.3.457</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1939-1455">1939-1455</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7809308">7809308</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:13919881">13919881</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Psychological+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Self-disclosure+and+liking%3A+A+meta-analytic+review.&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=457-475&rft.date=1994&rft.issn=1939-1455&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A13919881%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F7809308&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1037%2F0033-2909.116.3.457&rft.aulast=Collins&rft.aufirst=Nancy+L.&rft.au=Miller%2C+Lynn+Carol&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdoi.apa.org%2Fgetdoi.cfm%3Fdoi%3D10.1037%2F0033-2909.116.3.457&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLaurenceauBarrettPietromonaco1998" class="citation journal cs1">Laurenceau, Jean-Philippe; Barrett, Lisa Feldman; Pietromonaco, Paula R. (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://doi.apa.org/getdoi.cfm?doi=10.1037/0022-3514.74.5.1238">"Intimacy as an interpersonal process: The importance of self-disclosure, partner disclosure, and perceived partner responsiveness in interpersonal exchanges"</a>. <i>Journal of Personality and Social Psychology</i>. <b>74</b> (5): 1238–1251. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1037%2F0022-3514.74.5.1238">10.1037/0022-3514.74.5.1238</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0022-3514">0022-3514</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9599440">9599440</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:1209571">1209571</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Personality+and+Social+Psychology&rft.atitle=Intimacy+as+an+interpersonal+process%3A+The+importance+of+self-disclosure%2C+partner+disclosure%2C+and+perceived+partner+responsiveness+in+interpersonal+exchanges.&rft.volume=74&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=1238-1251&rft.date=1998&rft.issn=0022-3514&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A1209571%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F9599440&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1037%2F0022-3514.74.5.1238&rft.aulast=Laurenceau&rft.aufirst=Jean-Philippe&rft.au=Barrett%2C+Lisa+Feldman&rft.au=Pietromonaco%2C+Paula+R.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdoi.apa.org%2Fgetdoi.cfm%3Fdoi%3D10.1037%2F0022-3514.74.5.1238&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFClarkShaverAbrahams1999" class="citation journal cs1">Clark, Catherine L.; Shaver, Phillip R.; Abrahams, Matthew F. (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0146167299025006006">"Strategic Behaviors in Romantic Relationship Initiation"</a>. <i>Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin</i>. <b>25</b> (6): 709–722. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0146167299025006006">10.1177/0146167299025006006</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0146-1672">0146-1672</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:146305141">146305141</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Personality+and+Social+Psychology+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Strategic+Behaviors+in+Romantic+Relationship+Initiation&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=6&rft.pages=709-722&rft.date=1999&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A146305141%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=0146-1672&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1177%2F0146167299025006006&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=Catherine+L.&rft.au=Shaver%2C+Phillip+R.&rft.au=Abrahams%2C+Matthew+F.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjournals.sagepub.com%2Fdoi%2F10.1177%2F0146167299025006006&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMoore2010" class="citation journal cs1">Moore, Monica M. (24 March 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00224490903402520">"Human Nonverbal Courtship Behavior—A Brief Historical Review"</a>. <i>Journal of Sex Research</i>. <b>47</b> (2–3): 171–180. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F00224490903402520">10.1080/00224490903402520</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0022-4499">0022-4499</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20358459">20358459</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:15115115">15115115</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Sex+Research&rft.atitle=Human+Nonverbal+Courtship+Behavior%E2%80%94A+Brief+Historical+Review&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=2%E2%80%933&rft.pages=171-180&rft.date=2010-03-24&rft.issn=0022-4499&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A15115115%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F20358459&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F00224490903402520&rft.aulast=Moore&rft.aufirst=Monica+M.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tandfonline.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1080%2F00224490903402520&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSkipperNass1966" class="citation journal cs1">Skipper, James K.; Nass, Gilbert (1966). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/349537">"Dating Behavior: A Framework for Analysis and an Illustration"</a>. <i>Journal of Marriage and Family</i>. <b>28</b> (4): 412–420. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F349537">10.2307/349537</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0022-2445">0022-2445</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/349537">349537</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Marriage+and+Family&rft.atitle=Dating+Behavior%3A+A+Framework+for+Analysis+and+an+Illustration&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=412-420&rft.date=1966&rft.issn=0022-2445&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F349537%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F349537&rft.aulast=Skipper&rft.aufirst=James+K.&rft.au=Nass%2C+Gilbert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F349537&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAgnewHaddenTan2020" class="citation cs2">Agnew, Christopher R.; Hadden, Benjamin W.; Tan, Kenneth (2020), Agnew, Christopher R.; Machia, Laura V.; Arriaga, Ximena B. (eds.), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/interdependence-interaction-and-close-relationships/relationship-receptivity-theory/049BF596EEAE72A0E53640AC4637F3D5">"Relationship Receptivity Theory: Timing and Interdependent Relationships"</a>, <i>Interdependence, Interaction, and Close Relationships</i>, Advances in Personal Relationships, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 269–292, <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2F9781108645836.014">10.1017/9781108645836.014</a>, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-108-48096-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-108-48096-3"><bdi>978-1-108-48096-3</bdi></a>, <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:225698943">225698943</a><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 November</span> 2023</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Interdependence%2C+Interaction%2C+and+Close+Relationships&rft.atitle=Relationship+Receptivity+Theory%3A+Timing+and+Interdependent+Relationships&rft.pages=269-292&rft.date=2020&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A225698943%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2F9781108645836.014&rft.isbn=978-1-108-48096-3&rft.aulast=Agnew&rft.aufirst=Christopher+R.&rft.au=Hadden%2C+Benjamin+W.&rft.au=Tan%2C+Kenneth&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cambridge.org%2Fcore%2Fbooks%2Finterdependence-interaction-and-close-relationships%2Frelationship-receptivity-theory%2F049BF596EEAE72A0E53640AC4637F3D5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSprecherFelmleeMettsCupach2015" class="citation cs2">Sprecher, Susan; Felmlee, Diane; Metts, Sandra; Cupach, William (2015), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1037/14344-008">"Relationship initiation and development."</a>, <i>APA handbook of personality and social psychology, Volume 3: Interpersonal relations.</i>, Washington: American Psychological Association, pp. 211–245, <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1037%2F14344-008">10.1037/14344-008</a>, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4338-1703-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4338-1703-8"><bdi>978-1-4338-1703-8</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 November</span> 2023</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=APA+handbook+of+personality+and+social+psychology%2C+Volume+3%3A+Interpersonal+relations.&rft.atitle=Relationship+initiation+and+development.&rft.pages=211-245&rft.date=2015&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1037%2F14344-008&rft.isbn=978-1-4338-1703-8&rft.aulast=Sprecher&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft.au=Felmlee%2C+Diane&rft.au=Metts%2C+Sandra&rft.au=Cupach%2C+William&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1037%2F14344-008&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRosenfeldThomas2012" class="citation journal cs1">Rosenfeld, Michael J.; Thomas, Reuben J. (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0003122412448050">"Searching for a Mate: The Rise of the Internet as a Social Intermediary"</a>. <i>American Sociological Review</i>. <b>77</b> (4): 523–547. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0003122412448050">10.1177/0003122412448050</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0003-1224">0003-1224</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:145539089">145539089</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Sociological+Review&rft.atitle=Searching+for+a+Mate%3A+The+Rise+of+the+Internet+as+a+Social+Intermediary&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=523-547&rft.date=2012&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A145539089%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=0003-1224&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1177%2F0003122412448050&rft.aulast=Rosenfeld&rft.aufirst=Michael+J.&rft.au=Thomas%2C+Reuben+J.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjournals.sagepub.com%2Fdoi%2F10.1177%2F0003122412448050&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWuTrottier2022" class="citation journal cs1">Wu, Shangwei; Trottier, Daniel (3 April 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/23808985.2022.2069046">"Dating apps: a literature review"</a>. <i>Annals of the International Communication Association</i>. <b>46</b> (2): 91–115. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F23808985.2022.2069046">10.1080/23808985.2022.2069046</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2380-8985">2380-8985</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:248618275">248618275</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+the+International+Communication+Association&rft.atitle=Dating+apps%3A+a+literature+review&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=91-115&rft.date=2022-04-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A248618275%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=2380-8985&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F23808985.2022.2069046&rft.aulast=Wu&rft.aufirst=Shangwei&rft.au=Trottier%2C+Daniel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tandfonline.com%2Fdoi%2Ffull%2F10.1080%2F23808985.2022.2069046&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Vogels-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Vogels_33-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Vogels_33-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVogelsMcClain2023" class="citation web cs1">Vogels, Emily A.; McClain, Colleen (2 February 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2023/02/02/key-findings-about-online-dating-in-the-u-s/">"Key findings about online dating in the U.S."</a> <i>Pew Research Center</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 October</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Pew+Research+Center&rft.atitle=Key+findings+about+online+dating+in+the+U.S.&rft.date=2023-02-02&rft.aulast=Vogels&rft.aufirst=Emily+A.&rft.au=McClain%2C+Colleen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pewresearch.org%2Fshort-reads%2F2023%2F02%2F02%2Fkey-findings-about-online-dating-in-the-u-s%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Rusbult-2001-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Rusbult-2001_34-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rusbult-2001_34-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRusbultOlsenDavisHarmon2001" class="citation book cs1">Rusbult, Caryl E.; Olsen, Nils; Davis, Jody L.; Harmon, Peggy A. (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=8it5AgAAQBAJ&dq=intimate+relationship+maintenance&pg=PA87">"Commitment and Relationship Maintenance Mechanisms"</a>. In Harvey, John H.; Wenzel, Amy (eds.). <i>Close Romantic Relationships: Maintenance and Enhancement</i>. Psychology Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-135-65942-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-135-65942-4"><bdi>978-1-135-65942-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Commitment+and+Relationship+Maintenance+Mechanisms&rft.btitle=Close+Romantic+Relationships%3A+Maintenance+and+Enhancement&rft.pub=Psychology+Press&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-1-135-65942-4&rft.aulast=Rusbult&rft.aufirst=Caryl+E.&rft.au=Olsen%2C+Nils&rft.au=Davis%2C+Jody+L.&rft.au=Harmon%2C+Peggy+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D8it5AgAAQBAJ%26dq%3Dintimate%2Brelationship%2Bmaintenance%26pg%3DPA87&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Agnew, C. R., & VanderDrift, L. E. (2015). Relationship maintenance and dissolution. In M. Mikulincer, P. R. Shaver, J. A. Simpson, & <a href="/wiki/J._F._Dovidio" class="mw-redirect" title="J. F. Dovidio">J. F. Dovidio</a> (Eds.), <i>APA handbook of personality and social psychology, Vol. 3. Interpersonal relations</i> (pp. 581–604). American Psychological Association. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2013-35884-021">https://doi.org/10.1037/14344-021</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGarcía1998" class="citation journal cs1">García, C.Y. (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.psychologyinspain.com/content/reprints/1998/9.pdf">"Temporal course of the basic components of love throughout relationships"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Psychology in Spain</i>. <b>2</b> (1): 76–86.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Psychology+in+Spain&rft.atitle=Temporal+course+of+the+basic+components+of+love+throughout+relationships&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=76-86&rft.date=1998&rft.aulast=Garc%C3%ADa&rft.aufirst=C.Y.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.psychologyinspain.com%2Fcontent%2Freprints%2F1998%2F9.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStaffordCanary1991" class="citation journal cs1">Stafford, Laura; Canary, Daniel J. (1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0265407591082004">"Maintenance Strategies and Romantic Relationship Type, Gender and Relational Characteristics"</a>. <i>Journal of Social and Personal Relationships</i>. <b>8</b> (2): 217–242. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0265407591082004">10.1177/0265407591082004</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0265-4075">0265-4075</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:145391340">145391340</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Social+and+Personal+Relationships&rft.atitle=Maintenance+Strategies+and+Romantic+Relationship+Type%2C+Gender+and+Relational+Characteristics&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=217-242&rft.date=1991&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A145391340%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=0265-4075&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1177%2F0265407591082004&rft.aulast=Stafford&rft.aufirst=Laura&rft.au=Canary%2C+Daniel+J.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjournals.sagepub.com%2Fdoi%2F10.1177%2F0265407591082004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOgolskyBowers2013" class="citation journal cs1">Ogolsky, Brian G.; Bowers, Jill R. (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0265407512463338">"A meta-analytic review of relationship maintenance and its correlates"</a>. <i>Journal of Social and Personal Relationships</i>. <b>30</b> (3): 343–367. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0265407512463338">10.1177/0265407512463338</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0265-4075">0265-4075</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:145683192">145683192</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Social+and+Personal+Relationships&rft.atitle=A+meta-analytic+review+of+relationship+maintenance+and+its+correlates&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=343-367&rft.date=2013&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A145683192%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=0265-4075&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1177%2F0265407512463338&rft.aulast=Ogolsky&rft.aufirst=Brian+G.&rft.au=Bowers%2C+Jill+R.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjournals.sagepub.com%2Fdoi%2F10.1177%2F0265407512463338&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBirnbaumFinkel2015" class="citation journal cs1">Birnbaum, Gurit E; Finkel, Eli J (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S2352250X14000104">"The magnetism that holds us together: sexuality and relationship maintenance across relationship development"</a>. <i>Current Opinion in Psychology</i>. <b>1</b>: 29–33. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.copsyc.2014.11.009">10.1016/j.copsyc.2014.11.009</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+Opinion+in+Psychology&rft.atitle=The+magnetism+that+holds+us+together%3A+sexuality+and+relationship+maintenance+across+relationship+development&rft.volume=1&rft.pages=29-33&rft.date=2015&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.copsyc.2014.11.009&rft.aulast=Birnbaum&rft.aufirst=Gurit+E&rft.au=Finkel%2C+Eli+J&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flinkinghub.elsevier.com%2Fretrieve%2Fpii%2FS2352250X14000104&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFImpettMuiseRosen2019" class="citation cs2">Impett, Emily A.; Muise, Amy; Rosen, Natalie O. (2019), Ogolsky, Brian G.; Monk, J. Kale (eds.), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/relationship-maintenance/sex-as-relationship-maintenance/B18DA8207F0AE4F0F3B0A9B09D0D99F0">"Sex as Relationship Maintenance"</a>, <i>Relationship Maintenance: Theory, Process, and Context</i>, Advances in Personal Relationships, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 215–239, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-108-41985-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-108-41985-7"><bdi>978-1-108-41985-7</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 November</span> 2023</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Relationship+Maintenance%3A+Theory%2C+Process%2C+and+Context&rft.atitle=Sex+as+Relationship+Maintenance&rft.pages=215-239&rft.date=2019&rft.isbn=978-1-108-41985-7&rft.aulast=Impett&rft.aufirst=Emily+A.&rft.au=Muise%2C+Amy&rft.au=Rosen%2C+Natalie+O.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cambridge.org%2Fcore%2Fbooks%2Frelationship-maintenance%2Fsex-as-relationship-maintenance%2FB18DA8207F0AE4F0F3B0A9B09D0D99F0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDossRhoades2017" class="citation journal cs1">Doss, Brian D; Rhoades, Galena K (1 February 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352250X16300276">"The transition to parenthood: impact on couples' romantic relationships"</a>. <i>Current Opinion in Psychology</i>. Relationships and stress. <b>13</b>: 25–28. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.copsyc.2016.04.003">10.1016/j.copsyc.2016.04.003</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2352-250X">2352-250X</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28813289">28813289</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+Opinion+in+Psychology&rft.atitle=The+transition+to+parenthood%3A+impact+on+couples%27+romantic+relationships&rft.volume=13&rft.pages=25-28&rft.date=2017-02-01&rft.issn=2352-250X&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F28813289&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.copsyc.2016.04.003&rft.aulast=Doss&rft.aufirst=Brian+D&rft.au=Rhoades%2C+Galena+K&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencedirect.com%2Fscience%2Farticle%2Fpii%2FS2352250X16300276&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWoolhouseMcDonaldBrown2012" class="citation journal cs1">Woolhouse, Hannah; McDonald, Ellie; Brown, Stephanie (1 December 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.3109/0167482X.2012.720314">"Women's experiences of sex and intimacy after childbirth: making the adjustment to motherhood"</a>. <i>Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics & Gynecology</i>. <b>33</b> (4): 185–190. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3109%2F0167482X.2012.720314">10.3109/0167482X.2012.720314</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0167-482X">0167-482X</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22973871">22973871</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:37025280">37025280</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Psychosomatic+Obstetrics+%26+Gynecology&rft.atitle=Women%27s+experiences+of+sex+and+intimacy+after+childbirth%3A+making+the+adjustment+to+motherhood&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=185-190&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft.issn=0167-482X&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A37025280%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F22973871&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3109%2F0167482X.2012.720314&rft.aulast=Woolhouse&rft.aufirst=Hannah&rft.au=McDonald%2C+Ellie&rft.au=Brown%2C+Stephanie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tandfonline.com%2Fdoi%2Ffull%2F10.3109%2F0167482X.2012.720314&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStanleyRhoadesWhitton2010" class="citation journal cs1">Stanley, Scott M.; Rhoades, Galena K.; Whitton, Sarah W. (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3039217">"Commitment: Functions, Formation, and the Securing of Romantic Attachment"</a>. <i>Journal of Family Theory & Review</i>. <b>2</b> (4): 243–257. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1756-2589.2010.00060.x">10.1111/j.1756-2589.2010.00060.x</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3039217">3039217</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21339829">21339829</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Family+Theory+%26+Review&rft.atitle=Commitment%3A+Functions%2C+Formation%2C+and+the+Securing+of+Romantic+Attachment&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=243-257&rft.date=2010&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3039217%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F21339829&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1756-2589.2010.00060.x&rft.aulast=Stanley&rft.aufirst=Scott+M.&rft.au=Rhoades%2C+Galena+K.&rft.au=Whitton%2C+Sarah+W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3039217&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRollieDuck2013" class="citation book cs1">Rollie, Stephanie S.; Duck, Steve (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wGZlAgAAQBAJ&dq=marriage+and+relationship+dissolution+barrier&pg=PA223">"Divorce and Dissolution of Romantic Relationships: Stage Models and Their Limitations"</a>. In Fine, Mark A.; Harvey, John H. (eds.). <i>Handbook of Divorce and Relationship Dissolution</i>. Psychology Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-317-82421-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-317-82421-3"><bdi>978-1-317-82421-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Divorce+and+Dissolution+of+Romantic+Relationships%3A+Stage+Models+and+Their+Limitations&rft.btitle=Handbook+of+Divorce+and+Relationship+Dissolution&rft.pub=Psychology+Press&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-1-317-82421-3&rft.aulast=Rollie&rft.aufirst=Stephanie+S.&rft.au=Duck%2C+Steve&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DwGZlAgAAQBAJ%26dq%3Dmarriage%2Band%2Brelationship%2Bdissolution%2Bbarrier%26pg%3DPA223&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRusbult1980" class="citation journal cs1">Rusbult, Caryl E (1980). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-1031%2880%2990007-4">"Commitment and satisfaction in romantic associations: A test of the investment model"</a>. <i>Journal of Experimental Social Psychology</i>. <b>16</b> (2): 172–186. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2F0022-1031%2880%2990007-4">10.1016/0022-1031(80)90007-4</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0022-1031">0022-1031</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:21707015">21707015</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Experimental+Social+Psychology&rft.atitle=Commitment+and+satisfaction+in+romantic+associations%3A+A+test+of+the+investment+model&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=172-186&rft.date=1980&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A21707015%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=0022-1031&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2F0022-1031%2880%2990007-4&rft.aulast=Rusbult&rft.aufirst=Caryl+E&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1016%2F0022-1031%252880%252990007-4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJoelMacDonald2021" class="citation journal cs1">Joel, Samantha; MacDonald, Geoff (2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8597186">"We're Not That Choosy: Emerging Evidence of a Progression Bias in Romantic Relationships"</a>. <i>Personality and Social Psychology Review</i>. <b>25</b> (4): 317–343. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1177%2F10888683211025860">10.1177/10888683211025860</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1088-8683">1088-8683</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8597186">8597186</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34247524">34247524</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Personality+and+Social+Psychology+Review&rft.atitle=We%27re+Not+That+Choosy%3A+Emerging+Evidence+of+a+Progression+Bias+in+Romantic+Relationships&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=317-343&rft.date=2021&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC8597186%23id-name%3DPMC&rft.issn=1088-8683&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F34247524&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1177%2F10888683211025860&rft.aulast=Joel&rft.aufirst=Samantha&rft.au=MacDonald%2C+Geoff&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC8597186&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRitterKarremansvan_Schie2010" class="citation journal cs1">Ritter, Simone M.; Karremans, Johan C.; van Schie, Hein T. (1 July 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022103110000375">"The role of self-regulation in derogating attractive alternatives"</a>. <i>Journal of Experimental Social Psychology</i>. <b>46</b> (4): 631–637. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.jesp.2010.02.010">10.1016/j.jesp.2010.02.010</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/2066%2F90614">2066/90614</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0022-1031">0022-1031</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Experimental+Social+Psychology&rft.atitle=The+role+of+self-regulation+in+derogating+attractive+alternatives&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=631-637&rft.date=2010-07-01&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F2066%2F90614&rft.issn=0022-1031&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.jesp.2010.02.010&rft.aulast=Ritter&rft.aufirst=Simone+M.&rft.au=Karremans%2C+Johan+C.&rft.au=van+Schie%2C+Hein+T.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencedirect.com%2Fscience%2Farticle%2Fpii%2FS0022103110000375&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJoelMacDonaldPage-Gould2018" class="citation journal cs1">Joel, Samantha; MacDonald, Geoff; Page-Gould, Elizabeth (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1948550617722834">"Wanting to Stay and Wanting to Go: Unpacking the Content and Structure of Relationship Stay/Leave Decision Processes"</a>. <i>Social Psychological and Personality Science</i>. <b>9</b> (6): 631–644. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1948550617722834">10.1177/1948550617722834</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1948-5506">1948-5506</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:148797874">148797874</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Social+Psychological+and+Personality+Science&rft.atitle=Wanting+to+Stay+and+Wanting+to+Go%3A+Unpacking+the+Content+and+Structure+of+Relationship+Stay%2FLeave+Decision+Processes&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=6&rft.pages=631-644&rft.date=2018&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A148797874%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=1948-5506&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1177%2F1948550617722834&rft.aulast=Joel&rft.aufirst=Samantha&rft.au=MacDonald%2C+Geoff&rft.au=Page-Gould%2C+Elizabeth&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjournals.sagepub.com%2Fdoi%2F10.1177%2F1948550617722834&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Le-2010-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Le-2010_49-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Le-2010_49-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLeDoveAgnewKorn2010" class="citation journal cs1">Le, Benjamin; Dove, Natalie L.; Agnew, Christopher R.; Korn, Miriam S.; Mutso, Amelia A. (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1475-6811.2010.01285.x">"Predicting nonmarital romantic relationship dissolution: A meta-analytic synthesis"</a>. <i>Personal Relationships</i>. <b>17</b> (3): 377–390. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1475-6811.2010.01285.x">10.1111/j.1475-6811.2010.01285.x</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Personal+Relationships&rft.atitle=Predicting+nonmarital+romantic+relationship+dissolution%3A+A+meta-analytic+synthesis&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=377-390&rft.date=2010&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1475-6811.2010.01285.x&rft.aulast=Le&rft.aufirst=Benjamin&rft.au=Dove%2C+Natalie+L.&rft.au=Agnew%2C+Christopher+R.&rft.au=Korn%2C+Miriam+S.&rft.au=Mutso%2C+Amelia+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fonlinelibrary.wiley.com%2Fdoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1475-6811.2010.01285.x&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Vangelisti-2013-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Vangelisti-2013_50-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Vangelisti-2013_50-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVangelisti2013" class="citation book cs1">Vangelisti, Anita L. (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=SzMlUeTxUPQC&dq=intimate+relationship+dissolution&pg=RA7-PT31">"Relationship Dissolution: Antecedents, Processes, and Consequences"</a>. In Noeller, Patricia; Feeney, Judith A. (eds.). <i>Close Relationships: Functions, Forms and Processes</i>. Psychology Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-134-95333-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-134-95333-2"><bdi>978-1-134-95333-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Relationship+Dissolution%3A+Antecedents%2C+Processes%2C+and+Consequences&rft.btitle=Close+Relationships%3A+Functions%2C+Forms+and+Processes&rft.pub=Psychology+Press&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-1-134-95333-2&rft.aulast=Vangelisti&rft.aufirst=Anita+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DSzMlUeTxUPQC%26dq%3Dintimate%2Brelationship%2Bdissolution%26pg%3DRA7-PT31&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRodriguesHallFincham2006" class="citation book cs1">Rodrigues, A.E.; Hall, J.G.; Fincham, F.D. (2006). "What Predicts Divorce and Relationship Dissolution?". In Fine, M.A.; Harvey, J.H. (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2006-08138-005"><i>Handbook of divorce and relationship dissolution</i></a>. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers. pp. 85–112.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=What+Predicts+Divorce+and+Relationship+Dissolution%3F&rft.btitle=Handbook+of+divorce+and+relationship+dissolution&rft.pages=85-112&rft.pub=Lawrence+Erlbaum+Associates+Publishers&rft.date=2006&rft.aulast=Rodrigues&rft.aufirst=A.E.&rft.au=Hall%2C+J.G.&rft.au=Fincham%2C+F.D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpsycnet.apa.org%2Frecord%2F2006-08138-005&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBerscheidHatfield1974" class="citation cs2">Berscheid, Ellen; Hatfield, Elaine (1974), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-362950-0.50021-5">"A Little Bit about Love"</a>, <i>Foundations of Interpersonal Attraction</i>, Elsevier, pp. 355–381, <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fb978-0-12-362950-0.50021-5">10.1016/b978-0-12-362950-0.50021-5</a>, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-12-362950-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-12-362950-0"><bdi>978-0-12-362950-0</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 November</span> 2023</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Foundations+of+Interpersonal+Attraction&rft.atitle=A+Little+Bit+about+Love&rft.pages=355-381&rft.date=1974&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fb978-0-12-362950-0.50021-5&rft.isbn=978-0-12-362950-0&rft.aulast=Berscheid&rft.aufirst=Ellen&rft.au=Hatfield%2C+Elaine&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1016%2Fb978-0-12-362950-0.50021-5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWhismanSalingerSbarra2022" class="citation journal cs1">Whisman, Mark A.; Salinger, Julia M.; Sbarra, David A. (1 February 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352250X21001159">"Relationship dissolution and psychopathology"</a>. <i>Current Opinion in Psychology</i>. <b>43</b>: 199–204. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.copsyc.2021.07.016">10.1016/j.copsyc.2021.07.016</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2352-250X">2352-250X</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34416683">34416683</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+Opinion+in+Psychology&rft.atitle=Relationship+dissolution+and+psychopathology&rft.volume=43&rft.pages=199-204&rft.date=2022-02-01&rft.issn=2352-250X&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F34416683&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.copsyc.2021.07.016&rft.aulast=Whisman&rft.aufirst=Mark+A.&rft.au=Salinger%2C+Julia+M.&rft.au=Sbarra%2C+David+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencedirect.com%2Fscience%2Farticle%2Fpii%2FS2352250X21001159&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKanskyAllen2018" class="citation journal cs1">Kansky, Jessica; Allen, Joseph P. (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6051550">"Making Sense and Moving On: The Potential for Individual and Interpersonal Growth Following Emerging Adult Breakups"</a>. <i>Emerging Adulthood</i>. <b>6</b> (3): 172–190. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1177%2F2167696817711766">10.1177/2167696817711766</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2167-6968">2167-6968</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6051550">6051550</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30034952">30034952</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Emerging+Adulthood&rft.atitle=Making+Sense+and+Moving+On%3A+The+Potential+for+Individual+and+Interpersonal+Growth+Following+Emerging+Adult+Breakups&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=172-190&rft.date=2018&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC6051550%23id-name%3DPMC&rft.issn=2167-6968&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F30034952&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1177%2F2167696817711766&rft.aulast=Kansky&rft.aufirst=Jessica&rft.au=Allen%2C+Joseph+P.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC6051550&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLewandowskiBizzoco2007" class="citation journal cs1">Lewandowski, Gary W.; Bizzoco, Nicole M. (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/17439760601069234">"Addition through subtraction: Growth following the dissolution of a low quality relationship"</a>. <i>The Journal of Positive Psychology</i>. <b>2</b> (1): 40–54. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F17439760601069234">10.1080/17439760601069234</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1743-9760">1743-9760</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:145109937">145109937</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Positive+Psychology&rft.atitle=Addition+through+subtraction%3A+Growth+following+the+dissolution+of+a+low+quality+relationship&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=40-54&rft.date=2007&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A145109937%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=1743-9760&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F17439760601069234&rft.aulast=Lewandowski&rft.aufirst=Gary+W.&rft.au=Bizzoco%2C+Nicole+M.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tandfonline.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1080%2F17439760601069234&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFProulxHelmsBuehler2007" class="citation journal cs1">Proulx, Christine M.; Helms, Heather M.; Buehler, Cheryl (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1741-3737.2007.00393.x">"Marital Quality and Personal Well-Being: A Meta-Analysis"</a>. <i>Journal of Marriage and Family</i>. <b>69</b> (3): 576–593. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1741-3737.2007.00393.x">10.1111/j.1741-3737.2007.00393.x</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0022-2445">0022-2445</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Marriage+and+Family&rft.atitle=Marital+Quality+and+Personal+Well-Being%3A+A+Meta-Analysis&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=576-593&rft.date=2007&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1741-3737.2007.00393.x&rft.issn=0022-2445&rft.aulast=Proulx&rft.aufirst=Christine+M.&rft.au=Helms%2C+Heather+M.&rft.au=Buehler%2C+Cheryl&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fonlinelibrary.wiley.com%2Fdoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1741-3737.2007.00393.x&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBraithwaiteHolt-Lunstad2017" class="citation journal cs1">Braithwaite, Scott; Holt-Lunstad, Julianne (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352250X16300252">"Romantic relationships and mental health"</a>. <i>Current Opinion in Psychology</i>. Relationships and stress. <b>13</b>: 120–125. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.copsyc.2016.04.001">10.1016/j.copsyc.2016.04.001</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2352-250X">2352-250X</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28813281">28813281</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+Opinion+in+Psychology&rft.atitle=Romantic+relationships+and+mental+health&rft.volume=13&rft.pages=120-125&rft.date=2017&rft.issn=2352-250X&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F28813281&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.copsyc.2016.04.001&rft.aulast=Braithwaite&rft.aufirst=Scott&rft.au=Holt-Lunstad%2C+Julianne&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencedirect.com%2Fscience%2Farticle%2Fpii%2FS2352250X16300252&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStackEshleman1998" class="citation journal cs1">Stack, Steven; Eshleman, J. Ross (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/353867">"Marital Status and Happiness: A 17-Nation Study"</a>. <i>Journal of Marriage and Family</i>. <b>60</b> (2): 527–536. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F353867">10.2307/353867</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0022-2445">0022-2445</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/353867">353867</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Marriage+and+Family&rft.atitle=Marital+Status+and+Happiness%3A+A+17-Nation+Study&rft.volume=60&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=527-536&rft.date=1998&rft.issn=0022-2445&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F353867%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F353867&rft.aulast=Stack&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.au=Eshleman%2C+J.+Ross&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F353867&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGustavsonRøysambBorrenTorvik2016" class="citation journal cs1">Gustavson, Kristin; Røysamb, Espen; Borren, Ingrid; Torvik, Fartein Ask; Karevold, Evalill (1 June 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-015-9643-7">"Life Satisfaction in Close Relationships: Findings from a Longitudinal Study"</a>. <i>Journal of Happiness Studies</i>. <b>17</b> (3): 1293–1311. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs10902-015-9643-7">10.1007/s10902-015-9643-7</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1573-7780">1573-7780</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:254703008">254703008</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Happiness+Studies&rft.atitle=Life+Satisfaction+in+Close+Relationships%3A+Findings+from+a+Longitudinal+Study&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=1293-1311&rft.date=2016-06-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A254703008%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=1573-7780&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2Fs10902-015-9643-7&rft.aulast=Gustavson&rft.aufirst=Kristin&rft.au=R%C3%B8ysamb%2C+Espen&rft.au=Borren%2C+Ingrid&rft.au=Torvik%2C+Fartein+Ask&rft.au=Karevold%2C+Evalill&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1007%2Fs10902-015-9643-7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSullivanDavila2010" class="citation book cs1">Sullivan, Kieran T.; Davila, Joanne (11 June 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=df9cCAAAQBAJ&dq=intimate+relationships+and+social+support&pg=PA26"><i>Support Processes in Intimate Relationships</i></a>. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-045229-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-045229-2"><bdi>978-0-19-045229-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Support+Processes+in+Intimate+Relationships&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2010-06-11&rft.isbn=978-0-19-045229-2&rft.aulast=Sullivan&rft.aufirst=Kieran+T.&rft.au=Davila%2C+Joanne&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Ddf9cCAAAQBAJ%26dq%3Dintimate%2Brelationships%2Band%2Bsocial%2Bsupport%26pg%3DPA26&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRaposaLawsAnsell2016" class="citation journal cs1">Raposa, Elizabeth B.; Laws, Holly B.; Ansell, Emily B. (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4974016">"Prosocial Behavior Mitigates the Negative Effects of Stress in Everyday Life"</a>. <i>Clinical Psychological Science: A Journal of the Association for Psychological Science</i>. <b>4</b> (4): 691–698. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1177%2F2167702615611073">10.1177/2167702615611073</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2167-7026">2167-7026</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4974016">4974016</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27500075">27500075</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Clinical+Psychological+Science%3A+A+Journal+of+the+Association+for+Psychological+Science&rft.atitle=Prosocial+Behavior+Mitigates+the+Negative+Effects+of+Stress+in+Everyday+Life&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=691-698&rft.date=2016&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC4974016%23id-name%3DPMC&rft.issn=2167-7026&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F27500075&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1177%2F2167702615611073&rft.aulast=Raposa&rft.aufirst=Elizabeth+B.&rft.au=Laws%2C+Holly+B.&rft.au=Ansell%2C+Emily+B.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC4974016&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLakeyOrehek2011" class="citation journal cs1">Lakey, Brian; Orehek, Edward (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://doi.apa.org/getdoi.cfm?doi=10.1037/a0023477">"Relational regulation theory: A new approach to explain the link between perceived social support and mental health"</a>. <i>Psychological Review</i>. <b>118</b> (3): 482–495. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1037%2Fa0023477">10.1037/a0023477</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1939-1471">1939-1471</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21534704">21534704</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:20717156">20717156</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Psychological+Review&rft.atitle=Relational+regulation+theory%3A+A+new+approach+to+explain+the+link+between+perceived+social+support+and+mental+health.&rft.volume=118&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=482-495&rft.date=2011&rft.issn=1939-1471&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A20717156%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F21534704&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1037%2Fa0023477&rft.aulast=Lakey&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft.au=Orehek%2C+Edward&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdoi.apa.org%2Fgetdoi.cfm%3Fdoi%3D10.1037%2Fa0023477&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPetersReisGable2018" class="citation journal cs1">Peters, Brett J.; Reis, Harry T.; Gable, Shelly L. (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://compass.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/spc3.12407">"Making the good even better: A review and theoretical model of interpersonal capitalization"</a>. <i>Social and Personality Psychology Compass</i>. <b>12</b> (7). <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fspc3.12407">10.1111/spc3.12407</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1751-9004">1751-9004</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:149686889">149686889</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Social+and+Personality+Psychology+Compass&rft.atitle=Making+the+good+even+better%3A+A+review+and+theoretical+model+of+interpersonal+capitalization&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=7&rft.date=2018&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A149686889%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=1751-9004&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fspc3.12407&rft.aulast=Peters&rft.aufirst=Brett+J.&rft.au=Reis%2C+Harry+T.&rft.au=Gable%2C+Shelly+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcompass.onlinelibrary.wiley.com%2Fdoi%2F10.1111%2Fspc3.12407&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDonatoPaganiPariseBertoni2014" class="citation journal cs1">Donato, Silvia; Pagani, Ariela; Parise, Miriam; Bertoni, Anna; Iafrate, Raffaella (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.sbspro.2014.04.411">"The Capitalization Process in Stable Couple Relationships: Intrapersonal and Interpersonal Benefits"</a>. <i>Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences</i>. <b>140</b>: 207–211. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.sbspro.2014.04.411">10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.04.411</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Procedia+-+Social+and+Behavioral+Sciences&rft.atitle=The+Capitalization+Process+in+Stable+Couple+Relationships%3A+Intrapersonal+and+Interpersonal+Benefits&rft.volume=140&rft.pages=207-211&rft.date=2014&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.sbspro.2014.04.411&rft.aulast=Donato&rft.aufirst=Silvia&rft.au=Pagani%2C+Ariela&rft.au=Parise%2C+Miriam&rft.au=Bertoni%2C+Anna&rft.au=Iafrate%2C+Raffaella&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1016%252Fj.sbspro.2014.04.411&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMaxwellMcNulty2019" class="citation journal cs1">Maxwell, Jessica A.; McNulty, James K. (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0963721418806690">"No Longer in a Dry Spell: The Developing Understanding of How Sex Influences Romantic Relationships"</a>. <i>Current Directions in Psychological Science</i>. <b>28</b> (1): 102–107. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0963721418806690">10.1177/0963721418806690</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0963-7214">0963-7214</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:149470236">149470236</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+Directions+in+Psychological+Science&rft.atitle=No+Longer+in+a+Dry+Spell%3A+The+Developing+Understanding+of+How+Sex+Influences+Romantic+Relationships&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=102-107&rft.date=2019&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A149470236%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=0963-7214&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1177%2F0963721418806690&rft.aulast=Maxwell&rft.aufirst=Jessica+A.&rft.au=McNulty%2C+James+K.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1177%252F0963721418806690&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChengSmyth2015" class="citation journal cs1">Cheng, Zhiming; Smyth, Russell (1 April 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167268115000050">"Sex and happiness"</a>. <i>Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization</i>. <b>112</b>: 26–32. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.jebo.2014.12.030">10.1016/j.jebo.2014.12.030</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0167-2681">0167-2681</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Economic+Behavior+%26+Organization&rft.atitle=Sex+and+happiness&rft.volume=112&rft.pages=26-32&rft.date=2015-04-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.jebo.2014.12.030&rft.issn=0167-2681&rft.aulast=Cheng&rft.aufirst=Zhiming&rft.au=Smyth%2C+Russell&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencedirect.com%2Fscience%2Farticle%2Fpii%2FS0167268115000050&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMestonBuss2007" class="citation journal cs1">Meston, Cindy M.; Buss, David M. (3 July 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10508-007-9175-2">"Why Humans Have Sex"</a>. <i>Archives of Sexual Behavior</i>. <b>36</b> (4): 477–507. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs10508-007-9175-2">10.1007/s10508-007-9175-2</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0004-0002">0004-0002</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17610060">17610060</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:6182053">6182053</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Sexual+Behavior&rft.atitle=Why+Humans+Have+Sex&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=477-507&rft.date=2007-07-03&rft.issn=0004-0002&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A6182053%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F17610060&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2Fs10508-007-9175-2&rft.aulast=Meston&rft.aufirst=Cindy+M.&rft.au=Buss%2C+David+M.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1007%2Fs10508-007-9175-2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEin-DorHirschberger2012" class="citation journal cs1">Ein-Dor, Tsachi; Hirschberger, Gilad (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0265407511431185">"Sexual healing: Daily diary evidence that sex relieves stress for men and women in satisfying relationships"</a>. <i>Journal of Social and Personal Relationships</i>. <b>29</b> (1): 126–139. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0265407511431185">10.1177/0265407511431185</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0265-4075">0265-4075</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:73681719">73681719</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Social+and+Personal+Relationships&rft.atitle=Sexual+healing%3A+Daily+diary+evidence+that+sex+relieves+stress+for+men+and+women+in+satisfying+relationships&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=126-139&rft.date=2012&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A73681719%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=0265-4075&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1177%2F0265407511431185&rft.aulast=Ein-Dor&rft.aufirst=Tsachi&rft.au=Hirschberger%2C+Gilad&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjournals.sagepub.com%2Fdoi%2F10.1177%2F0265407511431185&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMuiseSchimmackImpett2016" class="citation journal cs1">Muise, Amy; Schimmack, Ulrich; Impett, Emily A. (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1948550615616462">"Sexual Frequency Predicts Greater Well-Being, But More is Not Always Better"</a>. <i>Social Psychological and Personality Science</i>. <b>7</b> (4): 295–302. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1948550615616462">10.1177/1948550615616462</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1948-5506">1948-5506</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:146679264">146679264</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Social+Psychological+and+Personality+Science&rft.atitle=Sexual+Frequency+Predicts+Greater+Well-Being%2C+But+More+is+Not+Always+Better&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=295-302&rft.date=2016&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A146679264%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=1948-5506&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1177%2F1948550615616462&rft.aulast=Muise&rft.aufirst=Amy&rft.au=Schimmack%2C+Ulrich&rft.au=Impett%2C+Emily+A.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjournals.sagepub.com%2Fdoi%2F10.1177%2F1948550615616462&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKleinplatzMenardPaquetParadis2009" class="citation journal cs1">Kleinplatz, Peggy J.; Menard, A. Dana; Paquet, Marie-Pierre; Paradis, Nicolas; Campbell, Meghan; Zuccarino, Dino; Mehak, Lisa (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/232545283">"The components of optimal sexuality: A portrait of "great sex"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Canadian Journal of Human Sexuliaty</i>. <b>18</b> (1–2).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Canadian+Journal+of+Human+Sexuliaty&rft.atitle=The+components+of+optimal+sexuality%3A+A+portrait+of+%22great+sex%22&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=1%E2%80%932&rft.date=2009&rft.aulast=Kleinplatz&rft.aufirst=Peggy+J.&rft.au=Menard%2C+A.+Dana&rft.au=Paquet%2C+Marie-Pierre&rft.au=Paradis%2C+Nicolas&rft.au=Campbell%2C+Meghan&rft.au=Zuccarino%2C+Dino&rft.au=Mehak%2C+Lisa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.researchgate.net%2Fpublication%2F232545283&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSlatcherSelcuk2017" class="citation journal cs1">Slatcher, Richard B.; Selcuk, Emre (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5373007">"A Social Psychological Perspective on the Links Between Close Relationships and Health"</a>. <i>Current Directions in Psychological Science</i>. <b>26</b> (1): 16–21. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0963721416667444">10.1177/0963721416667444</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0963-7214">0963-7214</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5373007">5373007</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28367003">28367003</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+Directions+in+Psychological+Science&rft.atitle=A+Social+Psychological+Perspective+on+the+Links+Between+Close+Relationships+and+Health&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=16-21&rft.date=2017&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC5373007%23id-name%3DPMC&rft.issn=0963-7214&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F28367003&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1177%2F0963721416667444&rft.aulast=Slatcher&rft.aufirst=Richard+B.&rft.au=Selcuk%2C+Emre&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC5373007&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kiecolt-Glaser-2001-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Kiecolt-Glaser-2001_72-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kiecolt-Glaser-2001_72-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKiecolt-GlaserNewton2001" class="citation journal cs1">Kiecolt-Glaser, Janice K.; Newton, Tamara L. (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.127.4.472">"Marriage and health: His and hers"</a>. <i>Psychological Bulletin</i>. <b>127</b> (4): 472–503. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1037%2F0033-2909.127.4.472">10.1037/0033-2909.127.4.472</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1939-1455">1939-1455</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11439708">11439708</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Psychological+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Marriage+and+health%3A+His+and+hers.&rft.volume=127&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=472-503&rft.date=2001&rft.issn=1939-1455&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F11439708&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1037%2F0033-2909.127.4.472&rft.aulast=Kiecolt-Glaser&rft.aufirst=Janice+K.&rft.au=Newton%2C+Tamara+L.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1037%2F0033-2909.127.4.472&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoblesSlatcherTrombelloMcGinn2014" class="citation journal cs1">Robles, Theodore F.; Slatcher, Richard B.; Trombello, Joseph M.; McGinn, Meghan M. (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3872512">"Marital quality and health: A meta-analytic review"</a>. <i>Psychological Bulletin</i>. <b>140</b> (1): 140–187. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1037%2Fa0031859">10.1037/a0031859</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1939-1455">1939-1455</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3872512">3872512</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23527470">23527470</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Psychological+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Marital+quality+and+health%3A+A+meta-analytic+review.&rft.volume=140&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=140-187&rft.date=2014&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3872512%23id-name%3DPMC&rft.issn=1939-1455&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F23527470&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1037%2Fa0031859&rft.aulast=Robles&rft.aufirst=Theodore+F.&rft.au=Slatcher%2C+Richard+B.&rft.au=Trombello%2C+Joseph+M.&rft.au=McGinn%2C+Meghan+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3872512&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGRAHAMCHRISTIANKIECOLT-GLASER2007" class="citation cs2">GRAHAM, JENNIFER E.; CHRISTIAN, LISA M.; KIECOLT-GLASER, JANICE K. (2007), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-012088576-3/50043-5">"Close Relationships and Immunity"</a>, <i>Psychoneuroimmunology</i>, Elsevier, pp. 781–798, <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fb978-012088576-3%2F50043-5">10.1016/b978-012088576-3/50043-5</a>, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-12-088576-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-12-088576-3"><bdi>978-0-12-088576-3</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 November</span> 2023</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Psychoneuroimmunology&rft.atitle=Close+Relationships+and+Immunity&rft.pages=781-798&rft.date=2007&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fb978-012088576-3%2F50043-5&rft.isbn=978-0-12-088576-3&rft.aulast=GRAHAM&rft.aufirst=JENNIFER+E.&rft.au=CHRISTIAN%2C+LISA+M.&rft.au=KIECOLT-GLASER%2C+JANICE+K.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1016%2Fb978-012088576-3%2F50043-5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKiecolt-GlaserGouinHantsoo2010" class="citation journal cs1">Kiecolt-Glaser, Janice K.; Gouin, Jean-Philippe; Hantsoo, Liisa (1 September 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2891342">"Close relationships, inflammation, and health"</a>. <i>Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews</i>. Psychophysiological Biomarkers of Health. <b>35</b> (1): 33–38. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.neubiorev.2009.09.003">10.1016/j.neubiorev.2009.09.003</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0149-7634">0149-7634</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2891342">2891342</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19751761">19751761</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neuroscience+%26+Biobehavioral+Reviews&rft.atitle=Close+relationships%2C+inflammation%2C+and+health&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=33-38&rft.date=2010-09-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2891342%23id-name%3DPMC&rft.issn=0149-7634&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F19751761&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.neubiorev.2009.09.003&rft.aulast=Kiecolt-Glaser&rft.aufirst=Janice+K.&rft.au=Gouin%2C+Jean-Philippe&rft.au=Hantsoo%2C+Liisa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2891342&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBerliBolgerShroutStadler2018" class="citation journal cs1">Berli, Corina; Bolger, Niall; Shrout, Patrick E.; Stadler, Gertraud; Scholz, Urte (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29121824/">"Interpersonal Processes of Couples' Daily Support for Goal Pursuit: The Example of Physical Activity"</a>. <i>Personality & Social Psychology Bulletin</i>. <b>44</b> (3): 332–344. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0146167217739264">10.1177/0146167217739264</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/2164%2F9760">2164/9760</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1552-7433">1552-7433</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29121824">29121824</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:5399890">5399890</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Personality+%26+Social+Psychology+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Interpersonal+Processes+of+Couples%27+Daily+Support+for+Goal+Pursuit%3A+The+Example+of+Physical+Activity&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=332-344&rft.date=2018&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F2164%2F9760&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A5399890%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1177%2F0146167217739264&rft.issn=1552-7433&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F29121824&rft.aulast=Berli&rft.aufirst=Corina&rft.au=Bolger%2C+Niall&rft.au=Shrout%2C+Patrick+E.&rft.au=Stadler%2C+Gertraud&rft.au=Scholz%2C+Urte&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F29121824%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrittonHaddadDerrick2019" class="citation journal cs1">Britton, Maggie; Haddad, Sana; Derrick, Jaye L. (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7027992">"Perceived Partner Responsiveness Predicts Smoking Cessation in Single-Smoker Couples"</a>. <i>Addictive Behaviors</i>. <b>88</b>: 122–128. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.addbeh.2018.08.026">10.1016/j.addbeh.2018.08.026</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0306-4603">0306-4603</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7027992">7027992</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30176500">30176500</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Addictive+Behaviors&rft.atitle=Perceived+Partner+Responsiveness+Predicts+Smoking+Cessation+in+Single-Smoker+Couples&rft.volume=88&rft.pages=122-128&rft.date=2019&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC7027992%23id-name%3DPMC&rft.issn=0306-4603&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F30176500&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.addbeh.2018.08.026&rft.aulast=Britton&rft.aufirst=Maggie&rft.au=Haddad%2C+Sana&rft.au=Derrick%2C+Jaye+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC7027992&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJakubiakFeeney2017" class="citation journal cs1">Jakubiak, Brett K.; Feeney, Brooke C. (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1088868316650307">"Affectionate Touch to Promote Relational, Psychological, and Physical Well-Being in Adulthood: A Theoretical Model and Review of the Research"</a>. <i>Personality and Social Psychology Review</i>. <b>21</b> (3): 228–252. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1088868316650307">10.1177/1088868316650307</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1088-8683">1088-8683</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27225036">27225036</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:40786746">40786746</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Personality+and+Social+Psychology+Review&rft.atitle=Affectionate+Touch+to+Promote+Relational%2C+Psychological%2C+and+Physical+Well-Being+in+Adulthood%3A+A+Theoretical+Model+and+Review+of+the+Research&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=228-252&rft.date=2017&rft.issn=1088-8683&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A40786746%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F27225036&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1177%2F1088868316650307&rft.aulast=Jakubiak&rft.aufirst=Brett+K.&rft.au=Feeney%2C+Brooke+C.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjournals.sagepub.com%2Fdoi%2F10.1177%2F1088868316650307&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKiecolt-GlaserLovingStowellMalarkey2005" class="citation journal cs1">Kiecolt-Glaser, Janice K.; Loving, Timothy J.; Stowell, Jeffrey R.; Malarkey, William B.; Lemeshow, Stanley; Dickinson, Stephanie L.; Glaser, Ronald (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16330726/">"Hostile marital interactions, proinflammatory cytokine production, and wound healing"</a>. <i>Archives of General Psychiatry</i>. <b>62</b> (12): 1377–1384. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1001%2Farchpsyc.62.12.1377">10.1001/archpsyc.62.12.1377</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0003-990X">0003-990X</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16330726">16330726</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+General+Psychiatry&rft.atitle=Hostile+marital+interactions%2C+proinflammatory+cytokine+production%2C+and+wound+healing&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=12&rft.pages=1377-1384&rft.date=2005&rft.issn=0003-990X&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F16330726&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1001%2Farchpsyc.62.12.1377&rft.aulast=Kiecolt-Glaser&rft.aufirst=Janice+K.&rft.au=Loving%2C+Timothy+J.&rft.au=Stowell%2C+Jeffrey+R.&rft.au=Malarkey%2C+William+B.&rft.au=Lemeshow%2C+Stanley&rft.au=Dickinson%2C+Stephanie+L.&rft.au=Glaser%2C+Ronald&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F16330726%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYoungerAronParkeChatterjee2010" class="citation journal cs1">Younger, Jarred; Aron, Arthur; Parke, Sara; Chatterjee, Neil; Mackey, Sean (13 October 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2954158">"Viewing Pictures of a Romantic Partner Reduces Experimental Pain: Involvement of Neural Reward Systems"</a>. <i>PLOS ONE</i>. <b>5</b> (10): e13309. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2010PLoSO...513309Y">2010PLoSO...513309Y</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0013309">10.1371/journal.pone.0013309</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1932-6203">1932-6203</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2954158">2954158</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20967200">20967200</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=PLOS+ONE&rft.atitle=Viewing+Pictures+of+a+Romantic+Partner+Reduces+Experimental+Pain%3A+Involvement+of+Neural+Reward+Systems&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=10&rft.pages=e13309&rft.date=2010-10-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2954158%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2010PLoSO...513309Y&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F20967200&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0013309&rft.issn=1932-6203&rft.aulast=Younger&rft.aufirst=Jarred&rft.au=Aron%2C+Arthur&rft.au=Parke%2C+Sara&rft.au=Chatterjee%2C+Neil&rft.au=Mackey%2C+Sean&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2954158&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMasterEisenbergerTaylorNaliboff2009" class="citation journal cs1">Master, Sarah L.; Eisenberger, Naomi I.; Taylor, Shelley E.; Naliboff, Bruce D.; Shirinyan, David; Lieberman, Matthew D. (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1111/j.1467-9280.2009.02444.x">"A Picture's Worth: Partner Photographs Reduce Experimentally Induced Pain"</a>. <i>Psychological Science</i>. <b>20</b> (11): 1316–1318. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1467-9280.2009.02444.x">10.1111/j.1467-9280.2009.02444.x</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0956-7976">0956-7976</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19788531">19788531</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:14948326">14948326</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Psychological+Science&rft.atitle=A+Picture%27s+Worth%3A+Partner+Photographs+Reduce+Experimentally+Induced+Pain&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=11&rft.pages=1316-1318&rft.date=2009&rft.issn=0956-7976&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A14948326%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F19788531&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1467-9280.2009.02444.x&rft.aulast=Master&rft.aufirst=Sarah+L.&rft.au=Eisenberger%2C+Naomi+I.&rft.au=Taylor%2C+Shelley+E.&rft.au=Naliboff%2C+Bruce+D.&rft.au=Shirinyan%2C+David&rft.au=Lieberman%2C+Matthew+D.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjournals.sagepub.com%2Fdoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1467-9280.2009.02444.x&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHookerCamposPressman2018" class="citation journal cs1">Hooker, Emily D.; Campos, Belinda; Pressman, Sarah D. (1 July 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0747563218300918">"It just takes a text: Partner text messages can reduce cardiovascular responses to stress in females"</a>. <i>Computers in Human Behavior</i>. <b>84</b>: 485–492. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.chb.2018.02.033">10.1016/j.chb.2018.02.033</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0747-5632">0747-5632</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:13840189">13840189</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Computers+in+Human+Behavior&rft.atitle=It+just+takes+a+text%3A+Partner+text+messages+can+reduce+cardiovascular+responses+to+stress+in+females&rft.volume=84&rft.pages=485-492&rft.date=2018-07-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A13840189%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=0747-5632&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.chb.2018.02.033&rft.aulast=Hooker&rft.aufirst=Emily+D.&rft.au=Campos%2C+Belinda&rft.au=Pressman%2C+Sarah+D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencedirect.com%2Fscience%2Farticle%2Fpii%2FS0747563218300918&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Feeney-2017-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Feeney-2017_83-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Feeney-2017_83-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFeeneyKarantzas2017" class="citation journal cs1">Feeney, Judith A; Karantzas, Gery C (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352250X16300410">"Couple conflict: insights from an attachment perspective"</a>. <i>Current Opinion in Psychology</i>. Relationships and stress. <b>13</b>: 60–64. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.copsyc.2016.04.017">10.1016/j.copsyc.2016.04.017</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2352-250X">2352-250X</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28813296">28813296</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+Opinion+in+Psychology&rft.atitle=Couple+conflict%3A+insights+from+an+attachment+perspective&rft.volume=13&rft.pages=60-64&rft.date=2017&rft.issn=2352-250X&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F28813296&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.copsyc.2016.04.017&rft.aulast=Feeney&rft.aufirst=Judith+A&rft.au=Karantzas%2C+Gery+C&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencedirect.com%2Fscience%2Farticle%2Fpii%2FS2352250X16300410&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Overall-2017-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Overall-2017_84-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Overall-2017_84-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOverallMcNulty2017" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Nickola_Overall" title="Nickola Overall">Overall, Nickola C</a>; McNulty, James K (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5181851">"What type of communication during conflict is beneficial for intimate relationships?"</a>. <i>Current Opinion in Psychology</i>. Relationships and stress. <b>13</b>: 1–5. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.copsyc.2016.03.002">10.1016/j.copsyc.2016.03.002</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2352-250X">2352-250X</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5181851">5181851</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28025652">28025652</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+Opinion+in+Psychology&rft.atitle=What+type+of+communication+during+conflict+is+beneficial+for+intimate+relationships%3F&rft.volume=13&rft.pages=1-5&rft.date=2017&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC5181851%23id-name%3DPMC&rft.issn=2352-250X&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F28025652&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.copsyc.2016.03.002&rft.aulast=Overall&rft.aufirst=Nickola+C&rft.au=McNulty%2C+James+K&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC5181851&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRischRileyLawler2003" class="citation journal cs1">Risch, Gail S.; Riley, Lisa A.; Lawler, Michael G. (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/009164710303100310">"Problematic Issues in the Early Years of Marriage: Content for Premarital Education"</a>. <i>Journal of Psychology and Theology</i>. <b>31</b> (3): 253–269. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1177%2F009164710303100310">10.1177/009164710303100310</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0091-6471">0091-6471</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:141072191">141072191</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Psychology+and+Theology&rft.atitle=Problematic+Issues+in+the+Early+Years+of+Marriage%3A+Content+for+Premarital+Education&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=253-269&rft.date=2003&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A141072191%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=0091-6471&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1177%2F009164710303100310&rft.aulast=Risch&rft.aufirst=Gail+S.&rft.au=Riley%2C+Lisa+A.&rft.au=Lawler%2C+Michael+G.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjournals.sagepub.com%2Fdoi%2F10.1177%2F009164710303100310&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gottman-2017-86"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Gottman-2017_86-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gottman-2017_86-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGottman2017" class="citation cs2">Gottman, John M. (30 November 2017), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781351153683-21">"The Roles of Conflict Engagement, Escalation, and Avoidance in Marital Interaction: A Longitudinal View of Five Types of Couples"</a>, <i>Interpersonal Development</i>, Routledge, pp. 359–368, <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.4324%2F9781351153683-21">10.4324/9781351153683-21</a>, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-351-15368-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-351-15368-3"><bdi>978-1-351-15368-3</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 November</span> 2023</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Interpersonal+Development&rft.atitle=The+Roles+of+Conflict+Engagement%2C+Escalation%2C+and+Avoidance+in+Marital+Interaction%3A+A+Longitudinal+View+of+Five+Types+of+Couples&rft.pages=359-368&rft.date=2017-11-30&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.4324%2F9781351153683-21&rft.isbn=978-1-351-15368-3&rft.aulast=Gottman&rft.aufirst=John+M.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.4324%2F9781351153683-21&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGottman1979" class="citation book cs1">Gottman, J.M. (1979). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=RXuLBQAAQBAJ&dq=Gottman,+J.+M.+(1979).+Marital+interaction:+Experimental+investigations.+San+Diego,+CA:+Academic+Press&pg=PP1"><i>Marital Interaction: Experimental Investigations</i></a>. New York, NY: Academic Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4832-6598-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4832-6598-8"><bdi>978-1-4832-6598-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Marital+Interaction%3A+Experimental+Investigations&rft.place=New+York%2C+NY&rft.pub=Academic+Press&rft.date=1979&rft.isbn=978-1-4832-6598-8&rft.aulast=Gottman&rft.aufirst=J.M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DRXuLBQAAQBAJ%26dq%3DGottman%2C%2BJ.%2BM.%2B%281979%29.%2BMarital%2Binteraction%3A%2BExperimental%2Binvestigations.%2BSan%2BDiego%2C%2BCA%3A%2BAcademic%2BPress%26pg%3DPP1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOverallMcNulty2017" class="citation journal cs1">Overall, Nickola C.; McNulty, James K. (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5181851">"What Type of Communication during Conflict is Beneficial for Intimate Relationships?"</a>. <i>Current Opinion in Psychology</i>. <b>13</b>: 1–5. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.copsyc.2016.03.002">10.1016/j.copsyc.2016.03.002</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2352-250X">2352-250X</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5181851">5181851</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28025652">28025652</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+Opinion+in+Psychology&rft.atitle=What+Type+of+Communication+during+Conflict+is+Beneficial+for+Intimate+Relationships%3F&rft.volume=13&rft.pages=1-5&rft.date=2017&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC5181851%23id-name%3DPMC&rft.issn=2352-250X&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F28025652&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.copsyc.2016.03.002&rft.aulast=Overall&rft.aufirst=Nickola+C.&rft.au=McNulty%2C+James+K.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC5181851&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCramer2000" class="citation journal cs1">Cramer, Duncan (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00223980009600873">"Relationship Satisfaction and Conflict Style in Romantic Relationships"</a>. <i>The Journal of Psychology</i>. <b>134</b> (3): 337–341. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F00223980009600873">10.1080/00223980009600873</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0022-3980">0022-3980</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10907711">10907711</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:9245525">9245525</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Psychology&rft.atitle=Relationship+Satisfaction+and+Conflict+Style+in+Romantic+Relationships&rft.volume=134&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=337-341&rft.date=2000&rft.issn=0022-3980&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A9245525%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F10907711&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F00223980009600873&rft.aulast=Cramer&rft.aufirst=Duncan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tandfonline.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1080%2F00223980009600873&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDossRhoadesStanleyMarkman2009" class="citation journal cs1">Doss, Brian D.; Rhoades, Galena K.; Stanley, Scott M.; Markman, Howard J. (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1752-0606.2008.00093.x">"Marital Therapy, Retreats, and Books: The Who, What, When, and Why of Relationship Help-Seeking"</a>. <i>Journal of Marital and Family Therapy</i>. <b>35</b> (1): 18–29. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1752-0606.2008.00093.x">10.1111/j.1752-0606.2008.00093.x</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0194-472X">0194-472X</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19161581">19161581</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Marital+and+Family+Therapy&rft.atitle=Marital+Therapy%2C+Retreats%2C+and+Books%3A+The+Who%2C+What%2C+When%2C+and+Why+of+Relationship+Help-Seeking&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=18-29&rft.date=2009&rft.issn=0194-472X&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F19161581&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1752-0606.2008.00093.x&rft.aulast=Doss&rft.aufirst=Brian+D.&rft.au=Rhoades%2C+Galena+K.&rft.au=Stanley%2C+Scott+M.&rft.au=Markman%2C+Howard+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fonlinelibrary.wiley.com%2Fdoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1752-0606.2008.00093.x&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSimpsonRholes2017" class="citation journal cs1">Simpson, Jeffry A; Rholes, W Steven (1 February 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4845754">"Adult attachment, stress, and romantic relationships"</a>. <i>Current Opinion in Psychology</i>. Relationships and stress. <b>13</b>: 19–24. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.copsyc.2016.04.006">10.1016/j.copsyc.2016.04.006</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2352-250X">2352-250X</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4845754">4845754</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27135049">27135049</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+Opinion+in+Psychology&rft.atitle=Adult+attachment%2C+stress%2C+and+romantic+relationships&rft.volume=13&rft.pages=19-24&rft.date=2017-02-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC4845754%23id-name%3DPMC&rft.issn=2352-250X&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F27135049&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.copsyc.2016.04.006&rft.aulast=Simpson&rft.aufirst=Jeffry+A&rft.au=Rholes%2C+W+Steven&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC4845754&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSimpson1990" class="citation journal cs1">Simpson, Jeffry A. (1990). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://doi.apa.org/getdoi.cfm?doi=10.1037/0022-3514.59.5.971">"Influence of attachment styles on romantic relationships"</a>. <i>Journal of Personality and Social Psychology</i>. <b>59</b> (5): 971–980. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1037%2F0022-3514.59.5.971">10.1037/0022-3514.59.5.971</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1939-1315">1939-1315</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Personality+and+Social+Psychology&rft.atitle=Influence+of+attachment+styles+on+romantic+relationships.&rft.volume=59&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=971-980&rft.date=1990&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1037%2F0022-3514.59.5.971&rft.issn=1939-1315&rft.aulast=Simpson&rft.aufirst=Jeffry+A.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdoi.apa.org%2Fgetdoi.cfm%3Fdoi%3D10.1037%2F0022-3514.59.5.971&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMartínez-LeónPeñaSalazarGarcía2017" class="citation journal cs1">Martínez-León, Nancy Consuelo; Peña, Juan José; Salazar, Hernán; García, Andrea; Sierra, Juan Carlos (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-48082017000200203&lng=en&nrm=iso&tlng=en">"A systematic review of romantic jealousy in relationships"</a>. <i>Terapia psicológica</i>. <b>35</b> (2): 203–212. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.4067%2Fs0718-48082017000200203">10.4067/s0718-48082017000200203</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12495%2F3466">20.500.12495/3466</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0718-4808">0718-4808</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Terapia+psicol%C3%B3gica&rft.atitle=A+systematic+review+of+romantic+jealousy+in+relationships&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=203-212&rft.date=2017&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F20.500.12495%2F3466&rft.issn=0718-4808&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.4067%2Fs0718-48082017000200203&rft.aulast=Mart%C3%ADnez-Le%C3%B3n&rft.aufirst=Nancy+Consuelo&rft.au=Pe%C3%B1a%2C+Juan+Jos%C3%A9&rft.au=Salazar%2C+Hern%C3%A1n&rft.au=Garc%C3%ADa%2C+Andrea&rft.au=Sierra%2C+Juan+Carlos&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scielo.cl%2Fscielo.php%3Fscript%3Dsci_arttext%26pid%3DS0718-48082017000200203%26lng%3Den%26nrm%3Diso%26tlng%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCampbellSimpsonBoldryKashy2005" class="citation journal cs1">Campbell, Lorne; Simpson, Jeffry A.; Boldry, Jennifer; Kashy, Deborah A. (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://doi.apa.org/getdoi.cfm?doi=10.1037/0022-3514.88.3.510">"Perceptions of Conflict and Support in Romantic Relationships: The Role of Attachment Anxiety"</a>. <i>Journal of Personality and Social Psychology</i>. <b>88</b> (3): 510–531. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1037%2F0022-3514.88.3.510">10.1037/0022-3514.88.3.510</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1939-1315">1939-1315</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15740443">15740443</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:21042397">21042397</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Personality+and+Social+Psychology&rft.atitle=Perceptions+of+Conflict+and+Support+in+Romantic+Relationships%3A+The+Role+of+Attachment+Anxiety.&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=510-531&rft.date=2005&rft.issn=1939-1315&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A21042397%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F15740443&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1037%2F0022-3514.88.3.510&rft.aulast=Campbell&rft.aufirst=Lorne&rft.au=Simpson%2C+Jeffry+A.&rft.au=Boldry%2C+Jennifer&rft.au=Kashy%2C+Deborah+A.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdoi.apa.org%2Fgetdoi.cfm%3Fdoi%3D10.1037%2F0022-3514.88.3.510&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBartholomew1990" class="citation journal cs1">Bartholomew, Kim (1990). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0265407590072001">"Avoidance of Intimacy: An Attachment Perspective"</a>. <i>Journal of Social and Personal Relationships</i>. <b>7</b> (2): 147–178. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0265407590072001">10.1177/0265407590072001</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0265-4075">0265-4075</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:146379254">146379254</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Social+and+Personal+Relationships&rft.atitle=Avoidance+of+Intimacy%3A+An+Attachment+Perspective&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=147-178&rft.date=1990&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A146379254%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=0265-4075&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1177%2F0265407590072001&rft.aulast=Bartholomew&rft.aufirst=Kim&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1177%2F0265407590072001&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFinkelSimpsonEastwick2017" class="citation journal cs1">Finkel, Eli J.; Simpson, Jeffry A.; Eastwick, Paul W. (3 January 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/10.1146/annurev-psych-010416-044038">"The Psychology of Close Relationships: Fourteen Core Principles"</a>. <i>Annual Review of Psychology</i>. <b>68</b> (1): 383–411. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1146%2Fannurev-psych-010416-044038">10.1146/annurev-psych-010416-044038</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0066-4308">0066-4308</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27618945">27618945</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:207567096">207567096</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+Review+of+Psychology&rft.atitle=The+Psychology+of+Close+Relationships%3A+Fourteen+Core+Principles&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=383-411&rft.date=2017-01-03&rft.issn=0066-4308&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A207567096%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F27618945&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1146%2Fannurev-psych-010416-044038&rft.aulast=Finkel&rft.aufirst=Eli+J.&rft.au=Simpson%2C+Jeffry+A.&rft.au=Eastwick%2C+Paul+W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.annualreviews.org%2Fdoi%2F10.1146%2Fannurev-psych-010416-044038&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKarneyNeff2013" class="citation book cs1">Karney, Benjamin R.; Neff, Lisa A. (2013). "Couples and stress: How demands outside a relationship affect intimacy within the relationship". In Simpson, J.A.; Campbell, L. (eds.). <i>The Oxford handbook of close relationships</i>. Oxford University Press. pp. 664–684.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Couples+and+stress%3A+How+demands+outside+a+relationship+affect+intimacy+within+the+relationship&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+handbook+of+close+relationships&rft.pages=664-684&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2013&rft.aulast=Karney&rft.aufirst=Benjamin+R.&rft.au=Neff%2C+Lisa+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKarney2021" class="citation journal cs1">Karney, Benjamin R. (2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8179854">"Socioeconomic Status and Intimate Relationships"</a>. <i>Annual Review of Psychology</i>. <b>72</b> (1): 391–414. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1146%2Fannurev-psych-051920-013658">10.1146/annurev-psych-051920-013658</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8179854">8179854</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32886585">32886585</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:221503060">221503060</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+Review+of+Psychology&rft.atitle=Socioeconomic+Status+and+Intimate+Relationships&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=391-414&rft.date=2021&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC8179854%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A221503060%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F32886585&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1146%2Fannurev-psych-051920-013658&rft.aulast=Karney&rft.aufirst=Benjamin+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC8179854&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Blow-2005-99"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Blow-2005_99-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Blow-2005_99-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBlowHartnett2005" class="citation journal cs1">Blow, Adrian J.; Hartnett, Kelley (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1752-0606.2005.tb01556.x">"Infidelity in Committed Relationships II: A Substantive Review"</a>. <i>Journal of Marital and Family Therapy</i>. <b>31</b> (2): 217–233. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1752-0606.2005.tb01556.x">10.1111/j.1752-0606.2005.tb01556.x</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0194-472X">0194-472X</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15974059">15974059</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Marital+and+Family+Therapy&rft.atitle=Infidelity+in+Committed+Relationships+II%3A+A+Substantive+Review&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=217-233&rft.date=2005&rft.issn=0194-472X&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F15974059&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1752-0606.2005.tb01556.x&rft.aulast=Blow&rft.aufirst=Adrian+J.&rft.au=Hartnett%2C+Kelley&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fonlinelibrary.wiley.com%2Fdoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1752-0606.2005.tb01556.x&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTreasGiesen2000" class="citation journal cs1">Treas, Judith; Giesen, Deirdre (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/1566686">"Sexual Infidelity among Married and Cohabiting Americans"</a>. <i>Journal of Marriage and Family</i>. <b>62</b> (1): 48–60. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1741-3737.2000.00048.x">10.1111/j.1741-3737.2000.00048.x</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0022-2445">0022-2445</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/1566686">1566686</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Marriage+and+Family&rft.atitle=Sexual+Infidelity+among+Married+and+Cohabiting+Americans&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=48-60&rft.date=2000&rft.issn=0022-2445&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F1566686%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1741-3737.2000.00048.x&rft.aulast=Treas&rft.aufirst=Judith&rft.au=Giesen%2C+Deirdre&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F1566686&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Institute_for_Family_Studies-101"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Institute_for_Family_Studies_101-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Institute_for_Family_Studies_101-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ifstudies.org/blog/who-cheats-more-the-demographics-of-cheating-in-america">"Who Cheats More? The Demographics of Infidelity in America"</a>. <i>Institute for Family Studies</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Institute+for+Family+Studies&rft.atitle=Who+Cheats+More%3F+The+Demographics+of+Infidelity+in+America&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fifstudies.org%2Fblog%2Fwho-cheats-more-the-demographics-of-cheating-in-america&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-102">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRokachChan2023" class="citation journal cs1">Rokach, Ami; Chan, Sybil H. (2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10002055">"Love and Infidelity: Causes and Consequences"</a>. <i>International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health</i>. <b>20</b> (5): 3904. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3390%2Fijerph20053904">10.3390/ijerph20053904</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1660-4601">1660-4601</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10002055">10002055</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36900915">36900915</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Environmental+Research+and+Public+Health&rft.atitle=Love+and+Infidelity%3A+Causes+and+Consequences&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=3904&rft.date=2023&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC10002055%23id-name%3DPMC&rft.issn=1660-4601&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F36900915&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3390%2Fijerph20053904&rft.aulast=Rokach&rft.aufirst=Ami&rft.au=Chan%2C+Sybil+H.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC10002055&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/violence-against-women">"Violence against women"</a>. <i>www.who.int</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.who.int&rft.atitle=Violence+against+women&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fnews-room%2Ffact-sheets%2Fdetail%2Fviolence-against-women&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-104"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-104">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKimGray2008" class="citation journal cs1">Kim, Jinseok; Gray, Karen A. (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0886260508314307">"Leave or Stay?: Battered Women's Decision After Intimate Partner Violence"</a>. <i>Journal of Interpersonal Violence</i>. <b>23</b> (10): 1465–1482. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0886260508314307">10.1177/0886260508314307</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0886-2605">0886-2605</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18309037">18309037</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:263537650">263537650</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Interpersonal+Violence&rft.atitle=Leave+or+Stay%3F%3A+Battered+Women%27s+Decision+After+Intimate+Partner+Violence&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=10&rft.pages=1465-1482&rft.date=2008&rft.issn=0886-2605&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A263537650%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F18309037&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1177%2F0886260508314307&rft.aulast=Kim&rft.aufirst=Jinseok&rft.au=Gray%2C+Karen+A.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjournals.sagepub.com%2Fdoi%2F10.1177%2F0886260508314307&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-105"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-105">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChenJacobsRovi2013" class="citation journal cs1">Chen, Ping-Hsin; Jacobs, Abbie; Rovi, Susan L D (1 September 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://europepmc.org/article/med/24053262">"Intimate partner violence: childhood exposure to domestic violence"</a>. <i>FP Essentials</i>. <b>412</b>: 24–27. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2161-9344">2161-9344</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24053262">24053262</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=FP+Essentials&rft.atitle=Intimate+partner+violence%3A+childhood+exposure+to+domestic+violence&rft.volume=412&rft.pages=24-27&rft.date=2013-09-01&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F24053262&rft.issn=2161-9344&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Ping-Hsin&rft.au=Jacobs%2C+Abbie&rft.au=Rovi%2C+Susan+L+D&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feuropepmc.org%2Farticle%2Fmed%2F24053262&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-106"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-106">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFinkelEckhardt2013" class="citation journal cs1">Finkel, Eli J.; Eckhardt, Christopher I. (12 April 2013). Simpson, Jeffry A.; Campbell, Lorne (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195398694.013.0020">"Intimate Partner Violence"</a>. <i>Oxford Handbooks Online</i>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Foxfordhb%2F9780195398694.013.0020">10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195398694.013.0020</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Oxford+Handbooks+Online&rft.atitle=Intimate+Partner+Violence&rft.date=2013-04-12&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Foxfordhb%2F9780195398694.013.0020&rft.aulast=Finkel&rft.aufirst=Eli+J.&rft.au=Eckhardt%2C+Christopher+I.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1093%2Foxfordhb%2F9780195398694.013.0020&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-107"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-107">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAliNaylor2013" class="citation journal cs1">Ali, Parveen Azam; Naylor, Paul B. (1 November 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1359178913000633">"Intimate partner violence: A narrative review of the feminist, social and ecological explanations for its causation"</a>. <i>Aggression and Violent Behavior</i>. <b>18</b> (6): 611–619. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.avb.2013.07.009">10.1016/j.avb.2013.07.009</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1359-1789">1359-1789</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aggression+and+Violent+Behavior&rft.atitle=Intimate+partner+violence%3A+A+narrative+review+of+the+feminist%2C+social+and+ecological+explanations+for+its+causation&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=6&rft.pages=611-619&rft.date=2013-11-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.avb.2013.07.009&rft.issn=1359-1789&rft.aulast=Ali&rft.aufirst=Parveen+Azam&rft.au=Naylor%2C+Paul+B.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencedirect.com%2Fscience%2Farticle%2Fpii%2FS1359178913000633&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-108"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-108">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCarneyButtellDutton2007" class="citation journal cs1">Carney, Michelle; Buttell, Fred; Dutton, Don (1 January 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1359178906000474">"Women who perpetrate intimate partner violence: A review of the literature with recommendations for treatment"</a>. <i>Aggression and Violent Behavior</i>. <b>12</b> (1): 108–115. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.avb.2006.05.002">10.1016/j.avb.2006.05.002</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1359-1789">1359-1789</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aggression+and+Violent+Behavior&rft.atitle=Women+who+perpetrate+intimate+partner+violence%3A+A+review+of+the+literature+with+recommendations+for+treatment&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=108-115&rft.date=2007-01-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.avb.2006.05.002&rft.issn=1359-1789&rft.aulast=Carney&rft.aufirst=Michelle&rft.au=Buttell%2C+Fred&rft.au=Dutton%2C+Don&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencedirect.com%2Fscience%2Farticle%2Fpii%2FS1359178906000474&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-109"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-109">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEhrensaft2008" class="citation journal cs1">Ehrensaft, Miriam K. (1 March 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0190740907001867">"Intimate partner violence: Persistence of myths and implications for intervention"</a>. <i>Children and Youth Services Review</i>. Recent Trends in Intimate Violence: Theory and Intervention. <b>30</b> (3): 276–286. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.childyouth.2007.10.005">10.1016/j.childyouth.2007.10.005</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0190-7409">0190-7409</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Children+and+Youth+Services+Review&rft.atitle=Intimate+partner+violence%3A+Persistence+of+myths+and+implications+for+intervention&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=276-286&rft.date=2008-03-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.childyouth.2007.10.005&rft.issn=0190-7409&rft.aulast=Ehrensaft&rft.aufirst=Miriam+K.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencedirect.com%2Fscience%2Farticle%2Fpii%2FS0190740907001867&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-110"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-110">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCapaldiKnobleShorttKim2012" class="citation journal cs1">Capaldi, Deborah M.; Knoble, Naomi B.; Shortt, Joann Wu; Kim, Hyoun K. (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3384540">"A Systematic Review of Risk Factors for Intimate Partner Violence"</a>. <i>Partner Abuse</i>. <b>3</b> (2): 231–280. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1891%2F1946-6560.3.2.231">10.1891/1946-6560.3.2.231</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3384540">3384540</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22754606">22754606</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Partner+Abuse&rft.atitle=A+Systematic+Review+of+Risk+Factors+for+Intimate+Partner+Violence&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=231-280&rft.date=2012&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3384540%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F22754606&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1891%2F1946-6560.3.2.231&rft.aulast=Capaldi&rft.aufirst=Deborah+M.&rft.au=Knoble%2C+Naomi+B.&rft.au=Shortt%2C+Joann+Wu&rft.au=Kim%2C+Hyoun+K.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3384540&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-111"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-111">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRokach2023" class="citation journal cs1">Rokach, Ami (2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00223980.2023.2244129">"Love Culturally: How Does Culture Affect Intimacy, Commitment & Love"</a>. <i>The Journal of Psychology</i>. <b>158</b> (1): 84–114. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F00223980.2023.2244129">10.1080/00223980.2023.2244129</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0022-3980">0022-3980</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37647358">37647358</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:261394941">261394941</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Psychology&rft.atitle=Love+Culturally%3A+How+Does+Culture+Affect+Intimacy%2C+Commitment+%26+Love&rft.volume=158&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=84-114&rft.date=2023&rft.issn=0022-3980&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A261394941%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F37647358&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F00223980.2023.2244129&rft.aulast=Rokach&rft.aufirst=Ami&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1080%2F00223980.2023.2244129&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-112"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-112">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGeParkPietromonaco2022" class="citation journal cs1">Ge, Fiona; Park, Jiyoung; Pietromonaco, Paula R. (2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/00220221221088934">"How You Talk About It Matters: Cultural Variation in Communication Directness in Romantic Relationships"</a>. <i>Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology</i>. <b>53</b> (6): 583–602. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1177%2F00220221221088934">10.1177/00220221221088934</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0022-0221">0022-0221</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:247959876">247959876</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Cross-Cultural+Psychology&rft.atitle=How+You+Talk+About+It+Matters%3A+Cultural+Variation+in+Communication+Directness+in+Romantic+Relationships&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=6&rft.pages=583-602&rft.date=2022&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A247959876%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=0022-0221&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1177%2F00220221221088934&rft.aulast=Ge&rft.aufirst=Fiona&rft.au=Park%2C+Jiyoung&rft.au=Pietromonaco%2C+Paula+R.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjournals.sagepub.com%2Fdoi%2F10.1177%2F00220221221088934&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-113"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-113">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCioneaVan_GilderHoelscherAnagondahalli2019" class="citation journal cs1">Cionea, Ioana A.; Van Gilder, Bobbi J.; Hoelscher, Carrisa S.; Anagondahalli, Deepa (2 October 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/17513057.2018.1542019">"A cross-cultural comparison of expectations in romantic relationships: India and the United States"</a>. <i>Journal of International and Intercultural Communication</i>. <b>12</b> (4): 289–307. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F17513057.2018.1542019">10.1080/17513057.2018.1542019</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1751-3057">1751-3057</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:150097472">150097472</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+International+and+Intercultural+Communication&rft.atitle=A+cross-cultural+comparison+of+expectations+in+romantic+relationships%3A+India+and+the+United+States&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=289-307&rft.date=2019-10-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A150097472%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=1751-3057&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F17513057.2018.1542019&rft.aulast=Cionea&rft.aufirst=Ioana+A.&rft.au=Van+Gilder%2C+Bobbi+J.&rft.au=Hoelscher%2C+Carrisa+S.&rft.au=Anagondahalli%2C+Deepa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tandfonline.com%2Fdoi%2Ffull%2F10.1080%2F17513057.2018.1542019&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-114"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-114">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTregerSprecherHatfield2014" class="citation cs2">Treger, Stanislav; Sprecher, Susan; Hatfield, Elaine C. (2014), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-94-007-0753-5_1706">"Love"</a>, in Michalos, Alex C. (ed.), <i>Encyclopedia of Quality of Life and Well-Being Research</i>, Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, pp. 3708–3712, <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2F978-94-007-0753-5_1706">10.1007/978-94-007-0753-5_1706</a>, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-94-007-0752-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-94-007-0752-8"><bdi>978-94-007-0752-8</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 November</span> 2023</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Love&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Quality+of+Life+and+Well-Being+Research&rft.place=Dordrecht&rft.pages=3708-3712&rft.pub=Springer+Netherlands&rft.date=2014&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2F978-94-007-0753-5_1706&rft.isbn=978-94-007-0752-8&rft.aulast=Treger&rft.aufirst=Stanislav&rft.au=Sprecher%2C+Susan&rft.au=Hatfield%2C+Elaine+C.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flink.springer.com%2F10.1007%2F978-94-007-0753-5_1706&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-115"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-115">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSimpsonCampbellBerscheid1986" class="citation journal cs1">Simpson, Jeffry A.; Campbell, Bruce; Berscheid, Ellen (1986). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0146167286123011">"The Association between Romantic Love and Marriage: Kephart (1967) Twice Revisited"</a>. <i>Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin</i>. <b>12</b> (3): 363–372. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0146167286123011">10.1177/0146167286123011</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0146-1672">0146-1672</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:145051003">145051003</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Personality+and+Social+Psychology+Bulletin&rft.atitle=The+Association+between+Romantic+Love+and+Marriage%3A+Kephart+%281967%29+Twice+Revisited&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=363-372&rft.date=1986&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A145051003%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=0146-1672&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1177%2F0146167286123011&rft.aulast=Simpson&rft.aufirst=Jeffry+A.&rft.au=Campbell%2C+Bruce&rft.au=Berscheid%2C+Ellen&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjournals.sagepub.com%2Fdoi%2F10.1177%2F0146167286123011&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-116"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-116">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCardonaBediCrookston2019" class="citation journal cs1">Cardona, Betty; Bedi, Robinder P.; Crookston, Bradley J. (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1066480719852994">"Choosing Love Over Tradition: Lived Experiences of Asian Indian Marriages"</a>. <i>The Family Journal</i>. <b>27</b> (3): 278–286. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1066480719852994">10.1177/1066480719852994</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1066-4807">1066-4807</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:195554512">195554512</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Family+Journal&rft.atitle=Choosing+Love+Over+Tradition%3A+Lived+Experiences+of+Asian+Indian+Marriages&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=278-286&rft.date=2019&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A195554512%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=1066-4807&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1177%2F1066480719852994&rft.aulast=Cardona&rft.aufirst=Betty&rft.au=Bedi%2C+Robinder+P.&rft.au=Crookston%2C+Bradley+J.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjournals.sagepub.com%2Fdoi%2F10.1177%2F1066480719852994&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-117"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-117">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHopkinsSorensenTaylor2013" class="citation journal cs1">Hopkins, Jason J.; Sorensen, Anna; Taylor, Verta (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://compass.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/soc4.12016">"Same-Sex Couples, Families, and Marriage: Embracing and Resisting Heteronormativity 1"</a>. <i>Sociology Compass</i>. <b>7</b> (2): 97–110. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fsoc4.12016">10.1111/soc4.12016</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1751-9020">1751-9020</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sociology+Compass&rft.atitle=Same-Sex+Couples%2C+Families%2C+and+Marriage%3A+Embracing+and+Resisting+Heteronormativity+1&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=97-110&rft.date=2013&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fsoc4.12016&rft.issn=1751-9020&rft.aulast=Hopkins&rft.aufirst=Jason+J.&rft.au=Sorensen%2C+Anna&rft.au=Taylor%2C+Verta&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcompass.onlinelibrary.wiley.com%2Fdoi%2F10.1111%2Fsoc4.12016&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Peplau-2007-118"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Peplau-2007_118-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Peplau-2007_118-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPeplauFingerhut2007" class="citation journal cs1">Peplau, Letitia Anne; Fingerhut, Adam W. (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/10.1146/annurev.psych.58.110405.085701">"The Close Relationships of Lesbians and Gay Men"</a>. <i>Annual Review of Psychology</i>. <b>58</b> (1): 405–424. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1146%2Fannurev.psych.58.110405.085701">10.1146/annurev.psych.58.110405.085701</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0066-4308">0066-4308</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16903800">16903800</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+Review+of+Psychology&rft.atitle=The+Close+Relationships+of+Lesbians+and+Gay+Men&rft.volume=58&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=405-424&rft.date=2007&rft.issn=0066-4308&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F16903800&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1146%2Fannurev.psych.58.110405.085701&rft.aulast=Peplau&rft.aufirst=Letitia+Anne&rft.au=Fingerhut%2C+Adam+W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.annualreviews.org%2Fdoi%2F10.1146%2Fannurev.psych.58.110405.085701&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-119"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-119">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDiamondDubé2002" class="citation journal cs1">Diamond, Lisa M.; Dubé, Eric M. (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://link.springer.com/10.1023/A:1014026111486">"Friendship and Attachment Among Heterosexual and Sexual-Minority Youths: Does the Gender of Your Friend Matter?"</a>. <i>Journal of Youth and Adolescence</i>. <b>31</b> (2): 155–166. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1023%2FA%3A1014026111486">10.1023/A:1014026111486</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0047-2891">0047-2891</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:142987585">142987585</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Youth+and+Adolescence&rft.atitle=Friendship+and+Attachment+Among+Heterosexual+and+Sexual-Minority+Youths%3A+Does+the+Gender+of+Your+Friend+Matter%3F&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=155-166&rft.date=2002&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A142987585%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=0047-2891&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1023%2FA%3A1014026111486&rft.aulast=Diamond&rft.aufirst=Lisa+M.&rft.au=Dub%C3%A9%2C+Eric+M.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flink.springer.com%2F10.1023%2FA%3A1014026111486&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-120"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-120">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVetere1982" class="citation journal cs1">Vetere, Victoria A. (1982). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1300/J082v08n02_07">"The Role of Friendship in the Development and Maintenance of Lesbian Love Relationships"</a>. <i>Journal of Homosexuality</i>. <b>8</b> (2): 51–65. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1300%2FJ082v08n02_07">10.1300/J082v08n02_07</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0091-8369">0091-8369</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7166643">7166643</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Homosexuality&rft.atitle=The+Role+of+Friendship+in+the+Development+and+Maintenance+of+Lesbian+Love+Relationships&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=51-65&rft.date=1982&rft.issn=0091-8369&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F7166643&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1300%2FJ082v08n02_07&rft.aulast=Vetere&rft.aufirst=Victoria+A.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tandfonline.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1300%2FJ082v08n02_07&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-121"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-121">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFParsonsStarksGamarelGrov2012" class="citation journal cs1">Parsons, Jeffrey T.; Starks, Tyrel J.; Gamarel, Kristi E.; Grov, Christian (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22906124/">"Non-monogamy and sexual relationship quality among same-sex male couples"</a>. <i>Journal of Family Psychology</i>. <b>26</b> (5): 669–677. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1037%2Fa0029561">10.1037/a0029561</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1939-1293">1939-1293</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22906124">22906124</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Family+Psychology&rft.atitle=Non-monogamy+and+sexual+relationship+quality+among+same-sex+male+couples&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=669-677&rft.date=2012&rft.issn=1939-1293&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F22906124&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1037%2Fa0029561&rft.aulast=Parsons&rft.aufirst=Jeffrey+T.&rft.au=Starks%2C+Tyrel+J.&rft.au=Gamarel%2C+Kristi+E.&rft.au=Grov%2C+Christian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F22906124%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-122"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-122">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRostoskyRiggle2017" class="citation journal cs1">Rostosky, Sharon Scales; Riggle, Ellen DB (1 February 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352250X16300355">"Same-sex relationships and minority stress"</a>. <i>Current Opinion in Psychology</i>. Relationships and stress. <b>13</b>: 29–38. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.copsyc.2016.04.011">10.1016/j.copsyc.2016.04.011</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2352-250X">2352-250X</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28813290">28813290</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+Opinion+in+Psychology&rft.atitle=Same-sex+relationships+and+minority+stress&rft.volume=13&rft.pages=29-38&rft.date=2017-02-01&rft.issn=2352-250X&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F28813290&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.copsyc.2016.04.011&rft.aulast=Rostosky&rft.aufirst=Sharon+Scales&rft.au=Riggle%2C+Ellen+DB&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencedirect.com%2Fscience%2Farticle%2Fpii%2FS2352250X16300355&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-123"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-123">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTatum2017" class="citation journal cs1">Tatum, Alexander K. (16 April 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00918369.2016.1196991">"The Interaction of Same-Sex Marriage Access With Sexual Minority Identity on Mental Health and Subjective Wellbeing"</a>. <i>Journal of Homosexuality</i>. <b>64</b> (5): 638–653. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F00918369.2016.1196991">10.1080/00918369.2016.1196991</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0091-8369">0091-8369</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27269121">27269121</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:20843197">20843197</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Homosexuality&rft.atitle=The+Interaction+of+Same-Sex+Marriage+Access+With+Sexual+Minority+Identity+on+Mental+Health+and+Subjective+Wellbeing&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=638-653&rft.date=2017-04-16&rft.issn=0091-8369&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A20843197%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F27269121&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F00918369.2016.1196991&rft.aulast=Tatum&rft.aufirst=Alexander+K.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tandfonline.com%2Fdoi%2Ffull%2F10.1080%2F00918369.2016.1196991&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-124"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-124">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWightLeBlancLee_Badgett2013" class="citation journal cs1">Wight, Richard G.; LeBlanc, Allen J.; Lee Badgett, M. V. (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3558785">"Same-Sex Legal Marriage and Psychological Well-Being: Findings From the California Health Interview Survey"</a>. <i>American Journal of Public Health</i>. <b>103</b> (2): 339–346. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2105%2FAJPH.2012.301113">10.2105/AJPH.2012.301113</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3558785">3558785</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23237155">23237155</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Public+Health&rft.atitle=Same-Sex+Legal+Marriage+and+Psychological+Well-Being%3A+Findings+From+the+California+Health+Interview+Survey&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=339-346&rft.date=2013&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3558785%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F23237155&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2105%2FAJPH.2012.301113&rft.aulast=Wight&rft.aufirst=Richard+G.&rft.au=LeBlanc%2C+Allen+J.&rft.au=Lee+Badgett%2C+M.+V.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3558785&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-125"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-125">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hrc.org/resources/understanding-the-asexual-community">"Understanding the Asexual Community"</a>. <i>Human Rights Campaign</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Human+Rights+Campaign&rft.atitle=Understanding+the+Asexual+Community&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hrc.org%2Fresources%2Funderstanding-the-asexual-community&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Chasin-2015-126"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Chasin-2015_126-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chasin-2015_126-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChasin2015" class="citation journal cs1">Chasin, CJ DeLuzio (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/casp.2203">"Making Sense in and of the Asexual Community: Navigating Relationships and Identities in a Context of Resistance"</a>. <i>Journal of Community & Applied Social Psychology</i>. <b>25</b> (2): 167–180. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2Fcasp.2203">10.1002/casp.2203</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1052-9284">1052-9284</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Community+%26+Applied+Social+Psychology&rft.atitle=Making+Sense+in+and+of+the+Asexual+Community%3A+Navigating+Relationships+and+Identities+in+a+Context+of+Resistance&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=167-180&rft.date=2015&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2Fcasp.2203&rft.issn=1052-9284&rft.aulast=Chasin&rft.aufirst=CJ+DeLuzio&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fonlinelibrary.wiley.com%2Fdoi%2F10.1002%2Fcasp.2203&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-127"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-127">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRothblumKruegerKittleMeyer2020" class="citation journal cs1">Rothblum, Esther D.; Krueger, Evan A.; Kittle, Krystal R.; Meyer, Ilan H. (1 February 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-019-01485-0">"Asexual and Non-Asexual Respondents from a U.S. Population-Based Study of Sexual Minorities"</a>. <i>Archives of Sexual Behavior</i>. <b>49</b> (2): 757–767. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs10508-019-01485-0">10.1007/s10508-019-01485-0</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1573-2800">1573-2800</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7059692">7059692</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31214906">31214906</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Sexual+Behavior&rft.atitle=Asexual+and+Non-Asexual+Respondents+from+a+U.S.+Population-Based+Study+of+Sexual+Minorities&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=757-767&rft.date=2020-02-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC7059692%23id-name%3DPMC&rft.issn=1573-2800&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F31214906&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2Fs10508-019-01485-0&rft.aulast=Rothblum&rft.aufirst=Esther+D.&rft.au=Krueger%2C+Evan+A.&rft.au=Kittle%2C+Krystal+R.&rft.au=Meyer%2C+Ilan+H.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1007%2Fs10508-019-01485-0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-128"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-128">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHille2023" class="citation journal cs1">Hille, Jessica J. (1 February 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352250X22002378">"Beyond sex: A review of recent literature on asexuality"</a>. <i>Current Opinion in Psychology</i>. <b>49</b>: 101516. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.copsyc.2022.101516">10.1016/j.copsyc.2022.101516</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2352-250X">2352-250X</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36495711">36495711</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:253534170">253534170</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+Opinion+in+Psychology&rft.atitle=Beyond+sex%3A+A+review+of+recent+literature+on+asexuality&rft.volume=49&rft.pages=101516&rft.date=2023-02-01&rft.issn=2352-250X&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A253534170%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F36495711&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.copsyc.2022.101516&rft.aulast=Hille&rft.aufirst=Jessica+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencedirect.com%2Fscience%2Farticle%2Fpii%2FS2352250X22002378&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-129"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-129">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFine2023" class="citation journal cs1">Fine, Julia Coombs (2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jbe-platform.com/content/journals/10.1075/jls.22004.fin">"From crushes to squishes: Affect and agency on r/ AskReddit and r/ Asexual"</a>. <i>Journal of Language and Sexuality</i>. <b>12</b> (2): 145–172. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1075%2Fjls.22004.fin">10.1075/jls.22004.fin</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2211-3770">2211-3770</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:259866691">259866691</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Language+and+Sexuality&rft.atitle=From+crushes+to+squishes%3A+Affect+and+agency+on+r%2F+AskReddit+and+r%2F+Asexual&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=145-172&rft.date=2023&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A259866691%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=2211-3770&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1075%2Fjls.22004.fin&rft.aulast=Fine&rft.aufirst=Julia+Coombs&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jbe-platform.com%2Fcontent%2Fjournals%2F10.1075%2Fjls.22004.fin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-130"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-130">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFScoatsCampbell2022" class="citation journal cs1">Scoats, Ryan; Campbell, Christine (1 December 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352250X22001890">"What do we know about consensual non-monogamy?"</a>. <i>Current Opinion in Psychology</i>. <b>48</b>: 101468. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.copsyc.2022.101468">10.1016/j.copsyc.2022.101468</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2352-250X">2352-250X</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36215906">36215906</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:252348893">252348893</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+Opinion+in+Psychology&rft.atitle=What+do+we+know+about+consensual+non-monogamy%3F&rft.volume=48&rft.pages=101468&rft.date=2022-12-01&rft.issn=2352-250X&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A252348893%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F36215906&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.copsyc.2022.101468&rft.aulast=Scoats&rft.aufirst=Ryan&rft.au=Campbell%2C+Christine&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencedirect.com%2Fscience%2Farticle%2Fpii%2FS2352250X22001890&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-131"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-131">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMoorsMatsickSchechinger2017" class="citation journal cs1">Moors, Amy C.; Matsick, Jes L.; Schechinger, Heath A. (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://econtent.hogrefe.com/doi/abs/10.1027/1016-9040/a000278">"Unique and Shared Relationship Benefits of Consensually Non-Monogamous and Monogamous Relationships"</a>. <i>European Psychologist</i>. <b>22</b> (1): 55–71. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1027%2F1016-9040%2Fa000278">10.1027/1016-9040/a000278</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=European+Psychologist&rft.atitle=Unique+and+Shared+Relationship+Benefits+of+Consensually+Non-Monogamous+and+Monogamous+Relationships&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=55-71&rft.date=2017&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1027%2F1016-9040%2Fa000278&rft.aulast=Moors&rft.aufirst=Amy+C.&rft.au=Matsick%2C+Jes+L.&rft.au=Schechinger%2C+Heath+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fecontent.hogrefe.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1027%2F1016-9040%2Fa000278&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntimate+relationship" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Intimate_relationship&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Intimate_relationships" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Intimate relationships">Intimate relationships</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://iarr.org/">International Association for Relationship Research</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090213165744/http://www.utexas.edu/research/pair/">Process of Adaption in Intimate Relationships</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Human_sexuality_and_sexology" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Human_sexuality" title="Template:Human sexuality"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Human_sexuality" title="Template talk:Human sexuality"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Human_sexuality" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Human sexuality"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Human_sexuality_and_sexology" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Human_sexuality" title="Human sexuality">Human sexuality</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sexology" title="Sexology">sexology</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Sexual_relationship" class="mw-redirect" title="Sexual relationship">Sexual relationship</a><br />phenomena</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aromanticism" title="Aromanticism">Aromanticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asexuality" title="Asexuality">Asexuality</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gray_asexuality" title="Gray asexuality">Gray asexuality</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Demisexuality" title="Demisexuality">Demisexuality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fictosexuality" title="Fictosexuality">Fictosexuality</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bisexuality" title="Bisexuality">Bisexuality</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pansexuality" title="Pansexuality">Pansexuality</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casual_dating" title="Casual dating">Casual relationship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casual_sex" title="Casual sex">Casual sex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celibacy" title="Celibacy">Celibacy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Love_shyness" class="mw-redirect" title="Love shyness">Love shyness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celibacy_syndrome" title="Celibacy syndrome">Celibacy syndrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbivore_men" title="Herbivore men">Herbivore men</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Committed_relationship" title="Committed relationship">Committed relationship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conventional_sex" title="Conventional sex">Conventional sex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flirting" title="Flirting">Flirting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_love" title="Free love">Free love</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreplay" title="Foreplay">Foreplay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friends_with_benefits_relationships" class="mw-redirect" title="Friends with benefits relationships">Friends with benefits relationships</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Group_sex" title="Group sex">Group sex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heterosexuality" title="Heterosexuality">Heterosexuality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homosexuality" title="Homosexuality">Homosexuality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypersexuality" title="Hypersexuality">Hypersexuality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT">LGBT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marriage" title="Marriage">Marriage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One-night_stand" title="One-night stand">One-night stand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polyamory" title="Polyamory">Polyamory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Promiscuity" title="Promiscuity">Promiscuity</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Female_promiscuity" title="Female promiscuity">Female</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romance_(love)" title="Romance (love)">Romantic love</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_orientation" title="Romantic orientation">Romantic orientation</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queer_heterosexuality" title="Queer heterosexuality">Queer heterosexuality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_life" title="Sex life">Sex life</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_abstinence" title="Sexual abstinence">Sexual abstinence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_orientation" title="Sexual orientation">Sexual orientation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_partner" title="Sexual partner">Sexual partner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_repression" title="Sexual repression">Sexual repression</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Single_person" title="Single person">Single person</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Split_attraction_model" title="Split attraction model">Split attraction model</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swinging_(sexual_practice)" title="Swinging (sexual practice)">Swinging</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Sexual dynamics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hypergamy" title="Hypergamy">Hypergamy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Physical_attractiveness" title="Physical attractiveness">Physical attractiveness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_attraction" title="Sexual attraction">Sexual attraction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_capital" title="Sexual capital">Sexual capital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_ethics" title="Sexual ethics">Sexual ethics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_frustration" title="Sexual frustration">Sexual frustration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sociosexuality" title="Sociosexuality">Sociosexuality</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Human_female_sexuality" title="Human female sexuality">Human female sexuality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_male_sexuality" title="Human male sexuality">Human male sexuality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Right_to_sexuality" title="Right to sexuality">Right to sexuality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexecology" title="Sexecology">Sexecology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_addiction" title="Sexual addiction">Sexual addiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_and_reproductive_health_and_rights" title="Sexual and reproductive health and rights">Sexual and reproductive health and rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_Addicts_Anonymous" title="Sex Addicts Anonymous">Sex Addicts Anonymous</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_jealousy" title="Sexual jealousy">Sexual jealousy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_norm" title="Sexual norm">Sexual norm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex-positive_feminism" title="Sex-positive feminism">Sex-positive feminism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex-positive_movement" title="Sex-positive movement">Sex-positive movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_revolution" title="Sexual revolution">Sexual revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_surrogate" class="mw-redirect" title="Sexual surrogate">Sexual surrogate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanley_v._Georgia" title="Stanley v. Georgia">Stanley v. Georgia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Interpersonal_relationships" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Interpersonal_relationships" title="Template:Interpersonal relationships"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Interpersonal_relationships" title="Template talk:Interpersonal relationships"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Interpersonal_relationships" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Interpersonal relationships"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Interpersonal_relationships" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Interpersonal_relationship" title="Interpersonal relationship">Interpersonal relationships</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Types</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Romance_(love)" title="Romance (love)">Romantic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boyfriend" title="Boyfriend">Boyfriend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Girlfriend" title="Girlfriend">Girlfriend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cohabitation" title="Cohabitation">Cohabitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Significant_other" title="Significant other">Significant other</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domestic_partnership" title="Domestic partnership">Domestic partnership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Same-sex_relationship" title="Same-sex relationship">Same-sex relationship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monogamy" title="Monogamy">Monogamy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marriage" title="Marriage">Marriage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Husband" title="Husband">Husband</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wife" title="Wife">Wife</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soulmate" title="Soulmate">Soulmate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Widow" title="Widow">Widowhood</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Non-monogamy" title="Non-monogamy">Non-monogamy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Open_relationship" title="Open relationship">Open relationship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_marriage" title="Open marriage">Open marriage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polyamory" title="Polyamory">Polyamory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polyfidelity" title="Polyfidelity">Polyfidelity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polygamy" title="Polygamy">Polygamy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concubinage" title="Concubinage">Concubinage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mistress_(lover)" title="Mistress (lover)">Mistress</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Casual_sex" title="Casual sex">Casual sex</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Casual_dating" title="Casual dating">Casual dating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friends_with_benefits_relationships" class="mw-redirect" title="Friends with benefits relationships">Friends with benefits</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enjo_k%C5%8Dsai" title="Enjo kōsai">Enjo kōsai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_partner" title="Sexual partner">Sexual partner</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/One-night_stand" title="One-night stand">One-night stand</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Courtesan" title="Courtesan">Courtesan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gigolo" title="Gigolo">Gigolo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sugar_dating" title="Sugar dating">Sugar dating</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Non-romantic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acquaintance" class="mw-redirect" title="Acquaintance">Acquaintance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enemy" title="Enemy">Enemy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friendship" title="Friendship">Friendship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kinship" title="Kinship">Kinship</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Family" title="Family">Family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sibling" title="Sibling">Siblings</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Platonic_love" title="Platonic love">Platonic love</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queerplatonic_relationship" title="Queerplatonic relationship">Queerplatonic relationship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stranger" title="Stranger">Stranger</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Familiar_stranger" title="Familiar stranger">Familiar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consequential_stranger" class="mw-redirect" title="Consequential stranger">Consequential</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sycophancy" title="Sycophancy">Sycophancy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Historical</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cicisbeo" title="Cicisbeo">Cicisbeo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seraglio_(harem)" class="mw-redirect" title="Seraglio (harem)">Seraglio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pla%C3%A7age" title="Plaçage">Plaçage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marriage_%C3%A0_la_fa%C3%A7on_du_pays" title="Marriage à la façon du pays">Marriage <i>à la façon du pays</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_mistress" title="Royal mistress">Royal mistress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Favourite" title="Favourite">Royal favorite</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ma%C3%AEtresse-en-titre" title="Maîtresse-en-titre">Maîtresse-en-titre</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_friendship" title="Romantic friendship">Romantic friendship</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Human_bonding" title="Human bonding">Bonding</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Courtship" title="Courtship">Courtship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dating" title="Dating">Dating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romance_(love)" title="Romance (love)">Romance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_mating_strategies" title="Human mating strategies">Mating</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breakup" title="Breakup">Breakup</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Annulment" title="Annulment">Annulment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divorce" title="Divorce">Divorce</a></li> <li>Separation <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Legal_separation" title="Legal separation">Legal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marital_separation" title="Marital separation">Marital</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meet_market" title="Meet market">Meet market</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singles_event" title="Singles event">Singles event</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wedding" title="Wedding">Wedding</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Emotions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Affinity_(sociology)" title="Affinity (sociology)">Affinity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attachment_in_adults" title="Attachment in adults">Attachment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compersion" class="mw-redirect" title="Compersion">Compersion</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Intimacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jealousy" title="Jealousy">Jealousy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limerence" title="Limerence">Limerence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Love" title="Love">Love</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passion_(emotion)" title="Passion (emotion)">Passion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unconditional_love" title="Unconditional love">Unconditional love</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Practices</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bride_price" title="Bride price">Bride price</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dower" title="Dower">Dower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dowry" title="Dowry">Dowry</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gold_digger" title="Gold digger">Gold digging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypergamy" title="Hypergamy">Hypergamy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infidelity" title="Infidelity">Infidelity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Relationship_anarchy" title="Relationship anarchy">Relationship anarchy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_repression" title="Sexual repression">Repression</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_sexual_activity" title="Human sexual activity">Sexual activity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Relational_transgression" title="Relational transgression">Transgression</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Abuse" title="Abuse">Abuse</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Child_abuse" title="Child abuse">Child abuse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dating_violence" title="Dating violence">Dating violence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domestic_violence" title="Domestic violence">Domestic violence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elder_abuse" title="Elder abuse">Elder abuse</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Nonverbal_communication" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Nonverbal_communication" title="Template:Nonverbal communication"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Nonverbal_communication" title="Template talk:Nonverbal communication"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Nonverbal_communication" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Nonverbal communication"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Nonverbal_communication" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Nonverbal_communication" title="Nonverbal communication">Nonverbal communication</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Modalities" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Modality_(semiotics)" title="Modality (semiotics)">Modalities</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Physical</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blushing" title="Blushing">Blushing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Body_language" title="Body language">Body language</a> / <a href="/wiki/Kinesics" title="Kinesics">Kinesics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Body-to-body_communication" title="Body-to-body communication">Body-to-body communication</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Facial_expression" title="Facial expression">Facial expression</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Facial_Action_Coding_System" title="Facial Action Coding System">Facial Action Coding System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microexpression" title="Microexpression">Microexpression</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subtle_expression" title="Subtle expression">Subtle expression</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gesture" title="Gesture">Gesture</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_gestures" title="List of gestures">List</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speech-independent_gestures" class="mw-redirect" title="Speech-independent gestures">Speech-independent gestures</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haptic_communication" title="Haptic communication">Haptic communication</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imitation" title="Imitation">Imitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synchronization#Human_movement" title="Synchronization">Interpersonal synchrony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laughter" title="Laughter">Laughter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oculesics" title="Oculesics">Oculesics</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eye_contact" title="Eye contact">Eye contact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pupillary_response" title="Pupillary response">Pupil dilation</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olfactic_communication" title="Olfactic communication">Olfaction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Posture_(psychology)" title="Posture (psychology)">Posture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proxemics" title="Proxemics">Proxemics</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Speech" title="Speech">Speech</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Affect_(linguistics)" title="Affect (linguistics)">Affect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emotional_prosody" title="Emotional prosody">Emotional prosody</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paralanguage" title="Paralanguage">Paralanguage</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Intonation_(linguistics)" title="Intonation (linguistics)">Intonation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loudness" title="Loudness">Loudness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prosody_(linguistics)" title="Prosody (linguistics)">Prosody</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhythm" title="Rhythm">Rhythm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stress_(linguistics)" title="Stress (linguistics)">Stress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tone_(linguistics)" title="Tone (linguistics)">Tone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phonation" title="Phonation">Voice quality</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Social_environment" title="Social environment">Social context</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chronemics" title="Chronemics">Chronemics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convention_(norm)" title="Convention (norm)">Conventions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Display_rules" title="Display rules">Display rules</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Habitus_(sociology)" title="Habitus (sociology)">Habitus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High-context_and_low-context_cultures" title="High-context and low-context cultures">High-context and low-context cultures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interpersonal_relationship" title="Interpersonal relationship">Interpersonal relationship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_norm" title="Social norm">Social norm</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Emoticon" title="Emoticon">Emoticon</a> / <a href="/wiki/Smiley" title="Smiley">Smiley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One-bit_message" title="One-bit message">One-bit message</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Missed_call" title="Missed call">Missed call</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silent_service_code" title="Silent service code">Silent service code</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Unconscious_communication" title="Unconscious communication">Unconscious</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Microexpression" title="Microexpression">Microexpression</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-verbal_leakage" title="Non-verbal leakage">Non-verbal leakage</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Multi-faceted</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Affect_display" title="Affect display">Affect display</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deception" title="Deception">Deception</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emotion_recognition" title="Emotion recognition">Emotion recognition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_impression_(psychology)" title="First impression (psychology)">First impression</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Intimacy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Broader_concepts" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Broader concepts</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Basic_interpersonal_communicative_skills" class="mw-redirect" title="Basic interpersonal communicative skills">Basic interpersonal communicative skills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communication" title="Communication">Communication</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emotional_intelligence" title="Emotional intelligence">Emotional intelligence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nunchi" title="Nunchi">Nunchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People_skills" title="People skills">People skills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semiotics" title="Semiotics">Semiotics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_behavior" title="Social behavior">Social behavior</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_cue" title="Social cue">Social cue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_competence" title="Social competence">Social competence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_skills" title="Social skills">Social skills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unsaid" title="Unsaid">Unsaid</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Further_information" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Further information</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Disorders</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aprosodia" title="Aprosodia">Aprosodia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asperger_syndrome" title="Asperger syndrome">Asperger syndrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autism" title="Autism">Autism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fragile_X_syndrome" title="Fragile X syndrome">Fragile X</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pervasive_developmental_disorder_not_otherwise_specified" title="Pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified">Pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Childhood_disintegrative_disorder" title="Childhood disintegrative disorder">Childhood disintegrative disorder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rett_syndrome" title="Rett syndrome">Rett syndrome</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dyssemia" title="Dyssemia">Dyssemia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nonverbal_learning_disorder" title="Nonverbal learning disorder">Nonverbal learning disorder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_(pragmatic)_communication_disorder" title="Social (pragmatic) communication disorder">Social (pragmatic) communication disorder</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Neuroanatomy" title="Neuroanatomy">Neuroanatomy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Limbic_system" title="Limbic system">Limbic system</a> / <a href="/wiki/Limbic_lobe" title="Limbic lobe">Limbic lobe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mirror_neuron" title="Mirror neuron">Mirror neuron</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Applications</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cold_reading" title="Cold reading">Cold reading</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lie_detection" title="Lie detection">Lie detection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freudian_slip" title="Freudian slip">Freudian slip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tell_(poker)" title="Tell (poker)">Poker tell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attention_(advertising)" class="mw-redirect" title="Attention (advertising)">Targeted advertising</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Technology</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Computer_processing_of_body_language" title="Computer processing of body language">Computer processing of body language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emotion_recognition_in_conversation" title="Emotion recognition in conversation">Emotion recognition in conversation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gesture_recognition" title="Gesture recognition">Gesture recognition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_facial_expression_databases" title="List of facial expression databases">List of facial expression databases</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sentiment_analysis" title="Sentiment analysis">Sentiment analysis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Key people</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ray_Birdwhistell" title="Ray Birdwhistell">Ray Birdwhistell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Darwin" title="Charles Darwin">Charles Darwin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Ekman" title="Paul Ekman">Paul Ekman</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Animal_communication" title="Animal communication">Animal communication</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Behavioral_communication" title="Behavioral communication">Behavioral communication</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aggression" title="Aggression">Aggressive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assertiveness" title="Assertiveness">Assertive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deference" title="Deference">Passive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passive-aggressive_behavior" title="Passive-aggressive behavior">Passive-aggressive</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impression_management" title="Impression management">Impression management</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meta-communication" title="Meta-communication">Meta-communication</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monastic_sign_languages" title="Monastic sign languages">Monastic sign lexicons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linguistics" title="Linguistics">Verbal communication</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Non-verbal language</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sign_language" title="Sign language">Sign language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tactile_signing" title="Tactile signing">Tactile signing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tadoma" title="Tadoma">Tadoma</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Art and literature</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mime_artist" title="Mime artist">Mime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mimoplastic_art" title="Mimoplastic art">Mimoplastic art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subtext" title="Subtext">Subtext</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Virtues" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Virtues" title="Template:Virtues"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Virtues" title="Template talk:Virtues"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Virtues" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Virtues"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Virtues" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Virtue" title="Virtue">Virtues</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">About virtues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Endowment_(philosophy)" title="Endowment (philosophy)">Endowment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moral_character" title="Moral character">Moral character</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nicomachean_Ethics" title="Nicomachean Ethics">Nicomachean Ethics</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Positive_psychology" title="Positive psychology">Positive psychology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trait_theory" title="Trait theory">Trait theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virtue_ethics" title="Virtue ethics">Virtue ethics</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Virtue families</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Bodhipakkhiy%C4%81dhamm%C4%81" title="Bodhipakkhiyādhammā">Bodhipakkhiyā dhammā</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Brahmavihara" title="Brahmavihara">Brahmavihārās</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bushido" title="Bushido">Bushidō</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catalogue_of_Vices_and_Virtues" title="Catalogue of Vices and Virtues">Catalogue of Vices and Virtues</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Emi_Omo_Eso" title="Emi Omo Eso">Emi Omo Eso</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epistemic_virtue" title="Epistemic virtue">Epistemic virtues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Five_virtues" title="Five virtues">Five virtues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four_Cardinal_Principles_and_Eight_Virtues" title="Four Cardinal Principles and Eight Virtues">Four Cardinal Principles and Eight Virtues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aristotelian_ethics#Intellectual_virtue" title="Aristotelian ethics">Intellectual virtues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aristotelian_ethics#Moral_virtue" title="Aristotelian ethics">Moral virtues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nine_Noble_Virtues" title="Nine Noble Virtues">Nine Noble Virtues</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Omoluwabi" title="Omoluwabi">Omoluwabi</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/P%C4%81ramit%C4%81" title="Pāramitā">Pāramīs</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prussian_virtues" title="Prussian virtues">Prussian virtues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scout_Law" title="Scout Law">Scout Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seven_virtues" title="Seven virtues">Seven virtues</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cardinal_virtues" title="Cardinal virtues">Cardinal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theological_virtues" title="Theological virtues">Theological</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teachings_of_the_Seven_Grandfathers" title="Teachings of the Seven Grandfathers">Teachings of the Seven Grandfathers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three_Treasures_(Taoism)" title="Three Treasures (Taoism)">Three Treasures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Values_in_Action_Inventory_of_Strengths" title="Values in Action Inventory of Strengths">Values in Action Inventory of Strengths</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yamas" title="Yamas">Yamas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Individual virtues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Accountability" title="Accountability">Accountability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alertness" title="Alertness">Alertness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Altruism" title="Altruism">Altruism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Authenticity_(philosophy)" title="Authenticity (philosophy)">Authenticity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calmness" title="Calmness">Calmness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charisma" title="Charisma">Charisma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charity_(practice)" title="Charity (practice)">Charity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chastity" title="Chastity">Chastity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chivalry" title="Chivalry">Chivalry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleanliness" title="Cleanliness">Cleanliness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compassion" title="Compassion">Compassion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conscientiousness" title="Conscientiousness">Conscientiousness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Courage" title="Courage">Courage</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Civil_courage" title="Civil courage">Civil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moral_courage" title="Moral courage">Moral</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Courtesy" title="Courtesy">Courtesy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diligence" title="Diligence">Diligence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Discernment_(Christianity)" title="Discernment (Christianity)">Discernment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Discipline" title="Discipline">Discipline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duty" title="Duty">Duty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Empathy" title="Empathy">Empathy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Endurance" title="Endurance">Endurance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Equanimity" title="Equanimity">Equanimity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etiquette" title="Etiquette">Etiquette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faith" title="Faith">Faith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faithfulness" title="Faithfulness">Faithfulness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fidelity" title="Fidelity">Fidelity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foresight_(psychology)" title="Foresight (psychology)">Foresight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forgiveness" title="Forgiveness">Forgiveness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frugality" title="Frugality">Frugality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Generosity" title="Generosity">Generosity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glory_(honor)" title="Glory (honor)">Glory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Good_faith" title="Good faith">Good faith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gratitude" title="Gratitude">Gratitude</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heroic_virtue" title="Heroic virtue">Heroism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honesty" title="Honesty">Honesty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honour" title="Honour">Honour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hope_(virtue)" title="Hope (virtue)">Hope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hospitality" title="Hospitality">Hospitality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humanity_(virtue)" title="Humanity (virtue)">Humanity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humility" title="Humility">Humility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impartiality" title="Impartiality">Impartiality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Innocence" title="Innocence">Innocence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insight" title="Insight">Insight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Integrity" title="Integrity">Integrity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intelligence" title="Intelligence">Intelligence</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Emotional_intelligence" title="Emotional intelligence">Emotional</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_intelligence" title="Social intelligence">Social</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judgement" title="Judgement">Judgement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Justice_(virtue)" title="Justice (virtue)">Justice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kindness" title="Kindness">Kindness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Love" title="Love">Love</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loyalty" title="Loyalty">Loyalty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnanimity" title="Magnanimity">Magnanimity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnificence_(history_of_ideas)" title="Magnificence (history of ideas)">Magnificence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meekness" title="Meekness">Meekness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercy" title="Mercy">Mercy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moderation" title="Moderation">Moderation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modesty" title="Modesty">Modesty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nonattachment_(philosophy)" title="Nonattachment (philosophy)">Nonattachment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patience" title="Patience">Patience</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patriotism" title="Patriotism">Patriotism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perspicacity" title="Perspicacity">Perspicacity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philanthropy" title="Philanthropy">Philanthropy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piety" title="Piety">Piety</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Filial_piety" title="Filial piety">Filial</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pity" title="Pity">Pity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politeness" title="Politeness">Politeness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prudence" title="Prudence">Prudence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punctuality" title="Punctuality">Punctuality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_(virtue)" title="Religion (virtue)">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renunciation" title="Renunciation">Renunciation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psychological_resilience" title="Psychological resilience">Resilience</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Respect" title="Respect">Respect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reverence_(emotion)" title="Reverence (emotion)">Reverence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Righteous_indignation" title="Righteous indignation">Righteous indignation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Righteousness" title="Righteousness">Righteousness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-control" title="Self-control">Self-control</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-cultivation" title="Self-cultivation">Self-cultivation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-transcendence" title="Self-transcendence">Self-transcendence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simple_living" title="Simple living">Simplicity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sincerity" title="Sincerity">Sincerity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solidarity" title="Solidarity">Solidarity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sportsmanship" title="Sportsmanship">Sportsmanship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sympathy" title="Sympathy">Sympathy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aesthetic_taste" title="Aesthetic taste">Taste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temperance_(virtue)" title="Temperance (virtue)">Temperance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tranquillity" title="Tranquillity">Tranquillity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trust_(social_science)" title="Trust (social science)">Trust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wisdom" title="Wisdom">Wisdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wit" title="Wit">Wit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workmanship" title="Workmanship">Workmanship</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Chinese</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><i lang="zh-Latn"><a href="/wiki/De_(Chinese)" title="De (Chinese)">De</a></i></span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jing_(philosophy)" title="Jing (philosophy)">Jing</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Li_(Confucianism)" title="Li (Confucianism)">Li</a></i></li> <li><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><i lang="zh-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Ren_(philosophy)" title="Ren (philosophy)">Ren</a></i></span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Yi_(philosophy)" title="Yi (philosophy)">Yi</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Greek</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Agape" title="Agape">Agape</a></i></li> <li><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language romanization"><i lang="grc-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Arete" title="Arete">Arete</a></i></span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ataraxia" title="Ataraxia">Ataraxia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Eutrapelia" title="Eutrapelia">Eutrapelia</a></i></li> <li><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language romanization"><i lang="grc-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Philotimo" title="Philotimo">Philotimo</a></i></span></li> <li><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language romanization"><i lang="grc-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Phronesis" title="Phronesis">Phronesis</a></i></span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sophia_(wisdom)" title="Sophia (wisdom)">Sophia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sophrosyne" title="Sophrosyne">Sophrosyne</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Indian</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Adhi%E1%B9%AD%E1%B9%ADh%C4%81na" title="Adhiṭṭhāna">Adhiṭṭhāna</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ahimsa" title="Ahimsa">Ahimsa</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Akrodha" title="Akrodha">Akrodha</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Non-possession" title="Non-possession">Aparigraha</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Arjava" title="Arjava">Ārjava</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Achourya" title="Achourya">Asteya</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Brahmacharya" title="Brahmacharya">Brahmacharya</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/D%C4%81na" title="Dāna">Dāna</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dhrti" title="Dhrti">Dhṛti</a></i></li> <li><span title="Sanskrit-language romanization"><i lang="sa-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Hr%C4%AB_(Buddhism)" title="Hrī (Buddhism)">Hrī</a></i></span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Karu%E1%B9%87%C4%81" title="Karuṇā">Karuṇā</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kshama" title="Kshama">Kshama</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kshanti" title="Kshanti">Kshanti</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Maitr%C4%AB" title="Maitrī">Mettā</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mudita" title="Mudita">Muditā</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Praj%C3%B1%C4%81_(Buddhism)" title="Prajñā (Buddhism)">Prajñā</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Satya" title="Satya">Satya</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shaucha" title="Shaucha">Shaucha</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sev%C4%81" title="Sevā">Sevā</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Faith_in_Hinduism" title="Faith in Hinduism">Śraddhā</a></i>/<i><a href="/wiki/Faith_in_Buddhism" title="Faith in Buddhism">Saddhā</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Upek%E1%B9%A3%C4%81" title="Upekṣā">Upekṣā</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/V%C4%ABrya" title="Vīrya">Vīrya</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Latin</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Auctoritas" title="Auctoritas">Auctoritas</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Charity_(Christian_virtue)" title="Charity (Christian virtue)">Caritas</a></i></li> <li><span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la"><a href="/wiki/Decorum" title="Decorum">Decorum</a></i></span></li> <li><span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la"><a href="/wiki/Dignitas_(Roman_concept)" title="Dignitas (Roman concept)">Dignitas</a></i></span></li> <li><span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la"><a href="/wiki/Fides_(deity)" title="Fides (deity)">Fides</a></i></span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gravitas" title="Gravitas">Gravitas</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Humanitas" title="Humanitas">Humanitas</a></i></li> <li><span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la"><a href="/wiki/Pietas" title="Pietas">Pietas</a></i></span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Virtus" title="Virtus">Virtus</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ganbaru" title="Ganbaru">Ganbaru</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Giri_(Japanese)" title="Giri (Japanese)">Giri</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sadaqah" title="Sadaqah">Sadaqah</a></i></li> <li><span title="Catalan-language text"><i lang="ca"><a href="/wiki/Seny" title="Seny">Seny</a></i></span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sisu" title="Sisu">Sisu</a></i></li> <li><span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it"><a href="/wiki/Virt%C3%B9" title="Virtù">Virtù</a></i></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a>: National <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q736922#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4026924-3">Germany</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Intimate_relationship&oldid=1255761610">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Intimate_relationship&oldid=1255761610</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Interpersonal_relationships" title="Category:Interpersonal relationships">Interpersonal relationships</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Intimate_relationships" title="Category:Intimate relationships">Intimate relationships</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_April_2021" title="Category:Use dmy dates from April 2021">Use dmy dates from April 2021</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Chinese-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Chinese-language text">Articles containing Chinese-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_French-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing French-language text">Articles containing French-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Ancient_Greek_(to_1453)-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text">Articles containing Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Sanskrit-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Sanskrit-language text">Articles containing Sanskrit-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Arabic-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Arabic-language text">Articles containing Arabic-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Hebrew-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Hebrew-language text">Articles containing Hebrew-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Latin-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Latin-language text">Articles containing Latin-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Portuguese-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Portuguese-language text">Articles containing Portuguese-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_is_on_Wikidata" title="Category:Commons category link is on Wikidata">Commons category link is on Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Catalan-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Catalan-language text">Articles containing Catalan-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Italian-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Italian-language text">Articles containing Italian-language text</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 6 November 2024, at 14:54<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Intimate_relationship&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-98vmp","wgBackendResponseTime":172,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"1.659","walltime":"1.851","ppvisitednodes":{"value":9319,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":509667,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":2896,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":13,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":6,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":627192,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 1553.489 1 -total"," 59.52% 924.597 1 Template:Reflist"," 39.28% 610.189 103 Template:Cite_journal"," 14.35% 222.927 2 Template:Sidebar_with_collapsible_lists"," 8.78% 136.398 1 Template:Love_sidebar"," 8.48% 131.713 27 Template:Lang"," 8.10% 125.902 12 Template:Cite_book"," 6.06% 94.138 8 Template:Navbox"," 5.81% 90.275 1 Template:Close_relationships"," 5.71% 88.640 2 Template:Sidebar"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"1.052","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":19147214,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-profile":[["?","140","12.3"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::callParserFunction","120","10.5"],["\u003Cmw.lua:694\u003E","100","8.8"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::match","100","8.8"],["dataWrapper \u003Cmw.lua:672\u003E","80","7.0"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::gsub","80","7.0"],["recursiveClone \u003CmwInit.lua:45\u003E","80","7.0"],["type","60","5.3"],["tonumber","40","3.5"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::preprocess","40","3.5"],["[others]","300","26.3"]]},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-h2npf","timestamp":"20241122140845","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Intimate relationship","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Intimate_relationship","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q736922","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q736922","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2004-10-11T05:37:47Z","dateModified":"2024-11-06T14:54:27Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/8\/80\/Couple_in_love_%288175382088%29.jpg","headline":"physical or emotional intimacy between humans"}</script> </body> </html>