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class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Early_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Early life</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Education</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Politics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Politics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Politics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Politics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Prime_minister" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prime_minister"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Prime minister</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Prime_minister-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Prime minister subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Prime_minister-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Criminal_Affiliate_Accusation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Criminal_Affiliate_Accusation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Criminal Affiliate Accusation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Criminal_Affiliate_Accusation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Manatt,_Phelps_&_Phillips_and_Christopher_"Dudus"_Coke_extradition_request" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Manatt,_Phelps_&_Phillips_and_Christopher_"Dudus"_Coke_extradition_request"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Manatt, Phelps & Phillips and Christopher "Dudus" Coke extradition request</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Manatt,_Phelps_&_Phillips_and_Christopher_"Dudus"_Coke_extradition_request-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-State_of_emergency" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#State_of_emergency"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>State of emergency</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-State_of_emergency-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vote_of_no_confidence" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vote_of_no_confidence"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Vote of no confidence</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vote_of_no_confidence-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Resignation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Resignation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Resignation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Resignation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-LGBT" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#LGBT"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>LGBT</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-LGBT-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Personal_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Personal_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Personal life</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Personal_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Bruce Golding</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 25 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-25" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">25 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%89%A5%E1%88%A9%E1%88%B5_%E1%8C%8E%E1%88%8D%E1%8B%B2%E1%8A%95%E1%8C%8D" title="ብሩስ ጎልዲንግ – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ብሩስ ጎልዲንግ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B3_%D8%BA%D9%88%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%AC" title="بروس غولدينج – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بروس غولدينج" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruce_Golding" title="Bruce Golding – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Bruce Golding" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruce_Golding" title="Bruce Golding – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Bruce Golding" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruce_Golding" title="Bruce Golding – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Bruce Golding" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CF%80%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%82_%CE%93%CE%BA%CF%8C%CE%BB%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BD%CE%B3%CE%BA" title="Μπρους Γκόλντινγκ – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μπρους Γκόλντινγκ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruce_Golding" title="Bruce Golding – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Bruce Golding" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B3_%DA%AF%D9%84%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%AF" title="بروس گلدینگ – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="بروس گلدینگ" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruce_Golding" title="Bruce Golding – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Bruce Golding" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B8%8C%EB%A3%A8%EC%8A%A4_%EA%B3%A8%EB%94%A9" title="브루스 골딩 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="브루스 골딩" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orette_Bruce_Golding" title="Orette Bruce Golding – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Orette Bruce Golding" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruce_Golding" title="Bruce Golding – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Bruce Golding" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruce_Golding" title="Bruce Golding – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Bruce Golding" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A1_%D7%92%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%93%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%92" title="ברוס גולדינג – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ברוס גולדינג" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruce_Golding" title="Bruce Golding – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Bruce Golding" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%96%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B9%E3%83%BB%E3%82%B4%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB%E3%83%87%E3%82%A3%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B0" title="ブルース・ゴールディング – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ブルース・ゴールディング" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruce_Golding" title="Bruce Golding – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Bruce Golding" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orette_Bruce_Golding" title="Orette Bruce Golding – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Orette Bruce Golding" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruce_Golding" title="Bruce Golding – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Bruce Golding" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruce_Golding" title="Bruce Golding – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Bruce Golding" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3,_%D0%91%D1%80%D1%8E%D1%81" title="Голдинг, Брюс – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Голдинг, Брюс" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruce_Golding" title="Bruce Golding – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Bruce Golding" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruce_Golding" title="Bruce Golding – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Bruce Golding" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruce_Golding" title="Bruce Golding – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Bruce Golding" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link 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</div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Prime Minister of Jamaica from 2007 2011</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="honorific-prefix" style="font-weight: normal;"><a href="/wiki/The_Honourable" title="The Honourable">The Honourable</a></div><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Bruce Golding</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Bruce_Golding.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Bruce_Golding.jpg/220px-Bruce_Golding.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="352" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Bruce_Golding.jpg/330px-Bruce_Golding.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Bruce_Golding.jpg/440px-Bruce_Golding.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1427" data-file-height="2284" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">8th <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Jamaica" title="Prime Minister of Jamaica">Prime Minister of Jamaica</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />11 September 2007 – 23 October 2011</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Monarch</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_II" title="Elizabeth II">Elizabeth II</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Governors General</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_O._Hall" title="Kenneth O. Hall">Sir Kenneth Hall</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Allen_(politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Patrick Allen (politician)">Sir Patrick Allen</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Deputy</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Baugh" title="Kenneth Baugh">Kenneth Baugh</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Portia_Simpson-Miller" title="Portia Simpson-Miller">Portia Simpson-Miller</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Holness" title="Andrew Holness">Andrew Holness</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Leader of the <a href="/wiki/Jamaica_Labour_Party" title="Jamaica Labour Party">Jamaica Labour Party</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />21 January 2005 – 20 November 2011</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Edward_Seaga" title="Edward Seaga">Edward Seaga</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Holness" title="Andrew Holness">Andrew Holness</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Leader of the Opposition</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />21 January 2005 – 11 September 2007</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Prime Minister</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/P._J._Patterson" title="P. J. Patterson">P. J. Patterson</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Portia_Simpson-Miller" title="Portia Simpson-Miller">Portia Simpson-Miller</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Edward_Seaga" title="Edward Seaga">Edward Seaga</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Portia_Simpson-Miller" title="Portia Simpson-Miller">Portia Simpson-Miller</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Member of Parliament<br />for <a href="/wiki/Kingston_West_(Jamaica_Parliament_constituency)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingston West (Jamaica Parliament constituency)">Kingston West</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />21 January 2005 – 29 December 2011</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Edward_Seaga" title="Edward Seaga">Edward Seaga</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Desmond_McKenzie" title="Desmond McKenzie">Desmond McKenzie</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday">1947-12-05</span>) </span>5 December 1947<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age 76)</span><br /><a href="/wiki/Chapelton,_Jamaica" title="Chapelton, Jamaica">Chapelton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Colony_of_Jamaica" title="Colony of Jamaica">Colony of Jamaica</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Jamaica_Labour_Party" title="Jamaica Labour Party">Labour Party</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Lorna_Golding" title="Lorna Golding">Lorna Golding</a></div> <div style="display:inline-block;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1972)<wbr /></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Sherene_Golding_Campbell" title="Sherene Golding Campbell">Sherene Golding Campbell</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/St._George%27s_College,_Jamaica" title="St. George's College, Jamaica">St. George's College</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Alma_mater" title="Alma mater">Alma mater</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/University_of_the_West_Indies" title="University of the West Indies">University of the West Indies</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Orette Bruce Golding</b> (born 5 December 1947) is a former <a href="/wiki/Jamaicans" title="Jamaicans">Jamaican</a> <a href="/wiki/Politician" title="Politician">politician</a> who served as eighth <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Jamaica" title="Prime Minister of Jamaica">Prime Minister of Jamaica</a> from 11 September 2007 to 23 October 2011. He is a member of the <a href="/wiki/Jamaica_Labour_Party" title="Jamaica Labour Party">Jamaica Labour Party</a> (JLP), which he led from 2005 to his resignation in 2011. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biography">Biography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bruce_Golding&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Biography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_life">Early life</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bruce_Golding&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>He is the son of <a href="/wiki/Tacius_Golding" title="Tacius Golding">Tacius Golding</a> and Enid Golding (née Bent), both teachers. Bruce was the third of four children: the second—the only girl—died shortly after birth. In 1949, when he was only two years old, his family moved to St. Faiths district near Browns Hall, <a href="/wiki/Saint_Catherine_Parish" title="Saint Catherine Parish">St. Catherine</a>, where he spent the next five years. In 1955, his mother accepted a teaching post at Alpha Academy in <a href="/wiki/Kingston,_Jamaica" title="Kingston, Jamaica">Kingston</a>. This necessitated that the family relocate to Kingston. </p><p>As a child, Golding grew up in a political environment. He was only two years old in 1949 when his father was first elected as a Member of the House of Representatives for West St. Catherine, a seat that he retained for 22 years until his retirement in 1972. Tacius Golding was the first Speaker of the House in independent Jamaica and also served as Parliamentary Secretary in the Ministry of Housing. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Education">Education</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bruce_Golding&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bruce Golding spent five years at <a href="/wiki/St._George%27s_College,_Jamaica" title="St. George's College, Jamaica">St. George's College</a>, and later transferred to <a href="/wiki/Jamaica_College" title="Jamaica College">Jamaica College</a> to pursue A-Level studies. </p><p>In April 1966, Golding served as the school's head boy, and as such was a member of the party that welcomed <a href="/wiki/Emperor_Haile_Selassie" class="mw-redirect" title="Emperor Haile Selassie">Emperor Haile Selassie I of Ethiopia</a> to JC.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He entered the <a href="/wiki/University_of_the_West_Indies" title="University of the West Indies">University of the West Indies</a> (UWI) in 1966 and graduated in 1969 with a BSc degree in Economics (2nd-class Honours), majoring in public administration.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Politics">Politics</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bruce_Golding&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Politics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Golding was the chairman of the Jamaica Labour Party (JLP) before he and others felt the need to split and form a new party, the <a href="/wiki/National_Democratic_Movement_(Jamaica)" title="National Democratic Movement (Jamaica)">National Democratic Movement</a> (NDM), in 1995. In 2002, he rejoined the JLP and in November 2003 was again elected chairman of the party. </p><p>He was elected leader of the JLP, and also the leader of the opposition, on 20 February 2005, succeeding <a href="/wiki/Edward_Seaga" title="Edward Seaga">Edward Seaga</a>. </p><p>Bruce Golding represented three different constituencies as a Member of Parliament: West St. Catherine, Central St. Catherine, and <a href="/wiki/Kingston_West_(Jamaica_Parliament_constituency)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingston West (Jamaica Parliament constituency)">Kingston West</a>. While serving as prime minister, Golding and also hosted <i>Jamaica House Live</i>, a monthly talk show. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Prime_minister">Prime minister</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bruce_Golding&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Prime minister"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Golding, as leader of the <a href="/wiki/Jamaica_Labour_Party" title="Jamaica Labour Party">Jamaica Labour Party</a>, became prime minister, following his party's slim victory in the <a href="/wiki/2007_Jamaican_general_election" title="2007 Jamaican general election">3 September 2007 general election</a> and Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Portia_Simpson-Miller" title="Portia Simpson-Miller">Portia Simpson-Miller</a>'s concession of defeat two days later. The JLP defeated the <a href="/wiki/People%27s_National_Party" title="People's National Party">People's National Party</a> by a narrow margin of 32 seats to 28, with a turnout of 61.46%.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This election ended 18 years of PNP rule, and Golding became the new prime minister.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Golding was sworn in by the <a href="/wiki/Governor-General_of_Jamaica" title="Governor-General of Jamaica">Governor-General of Jamaica</a> on 11 September 2007. Golding was the nation's eighth <a href="/wiki/Prime_minister" title="Prime minister">prime minister</a> since independence.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In April 2011, Bruce Golding said that Jamaica should break its ties with the British monarchy and <a href="/wiki/Republicanism_in_Jamaica" title="Republicanism in Jamaica">become a republic</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Speaking during a budget debate, Golding said that "transforming Jamaica from a monarchical to a republican state means no disrespect, and must not be interpreted this way". </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Criminal_Affiliate_Accusation">Criminal Affiliate Accusation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bruce_Golding&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Criminal Affiliate Accusation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>An <a href="/wiki/American_Broadcasting_Company" title="American Broadcasting Company">ABC Network</a> article reported that Bruce Golding was a 'criminal affiliate of <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Coke" title="Christopher Coke">Christopher Coke</a> ’. The article referred to a U.S government document to sustain its position.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Golding categorically denied the accusation and this "U.S government document" has still not been produced.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Manatt,_Phelps_&_Phillips_and_Christopher_"Dudus"_Coke_extradition_request"><span id="Manatt.2C_Phelps_.26_Phillips_and_Christopher_.22Dudus.22_Coke_extradition_request"></span>Manatt, Phelps & Phillips and Christopher "Dudus" Coke extradition request</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bruce_Golding&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Manatt, Phelps & Phillips and Christopher "Dudus" Coke extradition request"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:LulaGolding.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/LulaGolding.jpg/220px-LulaGolding.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/LulaGolding.jpg/330px-LulaGolding.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/LulaGolding.jpg/440px-LulaGolding.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3500" data-file-height="2330" /></a><figcaption>Golding with the <a href="/wiki/President_of_Brazil" title="President of Brazil">President of Brazil</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lula_da_Silva" class="mw-redirect" title="Lula da Silva">Lula da Silva</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>In a sitting of Parliament on 16 March 2010, Opposition member Dr. Peter Phillips made reference to an alleged contractual arrangement between the Government and a United States law firm <a href="/wiki/Manatt,_Phelps_%26_Phillips" title="Manatt, Phelps & Phillips">Manatt, Phelps & Phillips</a> to lobby the US Government on a treaty dispute<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> between the two countries that had arisen as a result of the Jamaican Government refusing to sign an extradition request for <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Coke" title="Christopher Coke">Christopher 'Dudus' Coke</a>, who is wanted in the US on charges relating to narcotics, arms and ammunition trafficking.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Golding Administration refused to sign the extradition request on the basis that the evidence was obtained contrary to Jamaican laws. Golding denied claims that Manatt, Phelps & Phillips was contracted to represent the Jamaican Government.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A US Justice Department filing under the Foreign Agents Registration Act (FARA) showed that Manatt, Phelps & Phillips had secured a contract worth <a href="/wiki/United_States_dollar" title="United States dollar">US $</a>400,000 to represent the Jamaican government in the treaty dispute.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Karl Samuda, Minister of Industry, Investment and Commerce, made a statement in which he noted that unnamed members of the <a href="/wiki/Jamaica_Labour_Party" title="Jamaica Labour Party">Jamaica Labour Party</a> had approached Harold Brady, to see whether—through his wide network of international contacts—he could assist in facilitating the opening of discussions between the US authorities and the Government of Jamaica, and thereby seek to resolve what had become a treaty dispute between the US and Jamaica.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In a statement made by Golding on 11 May 2010 in Parliament, he revealed that he had sanctioned the initiative to lobby the US Government but that the initiative was to be undertaken by the <a href="/wiki/Jamaica_Labour_Party" title="Jamaica Labour Party">Jamaica Labour Party</a> and not on behalf of the government.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Following his revelation, the Opposition <a href="/wiki/People%27s_National_Party" title="People's National Party">People's National Party</a>; its youth arm, the PNPYO; and the National Democratic Movement called for his resignation as Prime Minister.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Manatt, Phelps & Phillips maintains that they were contracted on behalf of the Jamaican Government through Harold C.W. Brady of Brady and Co and have since severed ties with the Jamaican Government.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 17 May 2010, in a televised address to the nation,<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Golding apologised to the Jamaican people for his involvement in the Manatt affair. He stated that he was prepared to step aside as prime minister and leader of the Party in a meeting of the party executive. The executive rejected his offer and reassured their support for his role as party leader and prime minister. In his statement, he outlined new measures including assigning some of his portfolio responsibilities to other government Ministers, and a renewed thrust to enact legislation for: the impeachment of parliamentary members, term limits for the office of prime minister and political party finance reform.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He also confirmed that Attorney General and Minister of Justice <a href="/wiki/Dorothy_Lightbourne" title="Dorothy Lightbourne">Dorothy Lightbourne</a> will sign the authorisation for the US authorities to commence the extradition case against <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Coke" title="Christopher Coke">Christopher Coke</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="State_of_emergency">State of emergency</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bruce_Golding&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: State of emergency"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Secretary_Clinton_Shakes_Hands_With_Jamaican_Prime_Minister_Golding_(5806038243).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Secretary_Clinton_Shakes_Hands_With_Jamaican_Prime_Minister_Golding_%285806038243%29.jpg/220px-Secretary_Clinton_Shakes_Hands_With_Jamaican_Prime_Minister_Golding_%285806038243%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Secretary_Clinton_Shakes_Hands_With_Jamaican_Prime_Minister_Golding_%285806038243%29.jpg/330px-Secretary_Clinton_Shakes_Hands_With_Jamaican_Prime_Minister_Golding_%285806038243%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Secretary_Clinton_Shakes_Hands_With_Jamaican_Prime_Minister_Golding_%285806038243%29.jpg/440px-Secretary_Clinton_Shakes_Hands_With_Jamaican_Prime_Minister_Golding_%285806038243%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1331" /></a><figcaption>Golding with the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_State" title="United States Secretary of State">U.S. Secretary of State</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hillary_Clinton" title="Hillary Clinton">Hillary Clinton</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Following the televised address, supporters of Christopher Coke began erecting barricades to the entrances of the Tivoli Gardens Community. This continued for several days as the security forces prepared to enter Tivoli Gardens to serve Coke with the warrant for his arrest. On 23 May 2010 police stations<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in and around downtown Kingston came under gunfire, and two were set ablaze and later burnt to the ground allegedly by supporters of Coke. Following the attack on the police forces, Golding initiated a state of public emergency on 23 May 2010,<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> limited to the parishes of Kingston and St Andrew,<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> giving the security forces extraordinary powers to maintain law and order. The <a href="/wiki/Jamaica_Constabulary_Force" title="Jamaica Constabulary Force">Jamaica Constabulary Force</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Jamaica_Defence_Force" title="Jamaica Defence Force">Jamaica Defence Force</a> mounted a joint operation to enter the community, with the objectives being to arrest Coke, clear the blockades, restore law and order and recover illegal guns believed to be in the community. The security forces met with armed resistance from thugs later discovered to be hired guns of Coke. The siege lasted for several days and left 73 civilians<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and 3 members of the security forces (2 JCF and 1 JDF) dead, 36 weapons and 9,241 rounds of ammunition recovered.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Vote_of_no_confidence">Vote of no confidence</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bruce_Golding&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Vote of no confidence"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Following the revelation that he had sanctioned the initiative for the Jamaica Labour Party to hire US lobbying firm Manatt, Phelps & Phillips and his handling of the extradition request for Christopher "Dudus" Coke, members and groups of civil society, church groups and political parties called for his resignation. With the backing of his party, the Prime Minister maintained that he would continue his term as prime minister. This prompted the opposition People's National Party to table a <a href="/wiki/Motion_of_no_confidence" title="Motion of no confidence">motion of no confidence</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The opposition leader, <a href="/wiki/Portia_Simpson-Miller" title="Portia Simpson-Miller">Portia Simpson-Miller</a>, led the debate in Parliament outlining the arguments for Golding's removal from office and moving that he be censured. The debate lasted for four hours, and at the end the motion was defeated 30–28, with members of the House of Representatives voting strictly on party lines. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Resignation">Resignation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bruce_Golding&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Resignation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 25 September 2011, Golding advised the JLP's Central Executive—the second highest decision-making body for the party outside the All-Island General Conference—of his intention not to seek re-election as Leader of the Jamaica Labour Party at the party's conference in November 2011 and, upon the election of a new party leader, his intention to step down as prime minister. </p><p>The Central Executive voted unanimously at its quarterly meeting at the party's Belmont Road headquarters on 25 September 2011, to reject Golding's resignation; however, words from the Information Minister <a href="/wiki/Daryl_Vaz" title="Daryl Vaz">Daryl Vaz</a>, a close confidant of Golding, were that Golding's decision would remain, despite the rejection by the Central Executive. </p><p>Golding, in a brief written statement, said: </p> <blockquote><p>"The challenges of the last four years have taken their toll and it was appropriate now to make way for new leadership to continue the programmes of economic recovery and transformation, while mobilising the party for victory in the next general election."</p></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="LGBT">LGBT</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bruce_Golding&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: LGBT"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In May 2008, in an interview with <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Sackur" title="Stephen Sackur">Stephen Sackur</a> of the <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a>, he declared that any <a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_Jamaica" title="Cabinet of Jamaica">cabinet</a> formed by him would exclude any MP known to be gay.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In previous statements, Golding stated that he and his party strongly opposed public displays of homosexuality in Jamaica and that he felt that they should continue to be illegal in keeping with Jamaican societal norms.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He justified the <a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Jamaica" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Jamaica">illegality of homosexual acts</a> by referring to Christian values and the integrity of the family.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bruce_Golding&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Personal life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Golding married <a href="/wiki/Lorna_Golding" title="Lorna Golding">Lorna Charles</a> in 1975.<sup id="cite_ref-jobserver_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jobserver-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They have three children: <a href="/wiki/Sherene_Golding_Campbell" title="Sherene Golding Campbell">Sherene</a>, Steven, and Ann-Merita. Golding practises <a href="/wiki/Anglican" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglican">Anglicanism</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-jobserver_35-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jobserver-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bruce_Golding&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/48px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/64px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Jamaica" title="Portal:Jamaica">Jamaica portal</a></span></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/28px-P_vip.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/41px-P_vip.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/55px-P_vip.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1911" data-file-height="1944" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Biography" title="Portal:Biography">Biography 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a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFwriter2021" class="citation web cs1">writer, HOWARD CAMPBELL Observer (21 April 2021). <a rel="nofollow" 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 June</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Go-Jamaica+%3A%3ABruce+survives+no-confidence+motion+%3A%3A+News&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.go-jamaica.com%2Fnews%2Fread_article.php%3Fid%3D19786&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABruce+Golding" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www1.voanews.com/english/news/americas/Jamaican-PM-Survives-No-Confidence-Vote-in-Parliament-95410379.html">Jamaican PM Survives No-Confidence Vote in Parliament</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100602193418/http://www1.voanews.com/english/news/americas/Jamaican-PM-Survives-No-Confidence-Vote-in-Parliament-95410379.html">Archived</a> 2 June 2010 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, 1 June 2010, voanews.com</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.queer.de/detail.php?article_id=8787">Premierminister: Homosexualität ist nicht jamaikanisch</a>, queer.de, 23. Mai 2008 (german)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jamaicaobserver.com/news/html/20070707T160000-0500_125077_OBS_GOLDING_SAYS__NO__TO_HOMOSEXUALITY.asp">"Golding says 'no' to homosexuality"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090614082925/http://www.jamaicaobserver.com/news/html/20070707T160000-0500_125077_OBS_GOLDING_SAYS__NO__TO_HOMOSEXUALITY.asp">Archived</a> 14 June 2009 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <i>Jamaica Observer</i>, 8 July 2007</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2012/jan/27/violent-prejudice-jamaica-gay-people">Violent prejudice against Jamaica's gay people must stop</a> retrieved 19 May 2012</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://glbtqjamaica.blogspot.co.uk/2010/10/bruce-golding-on-is-jamaica-homophobic.html">Is Jamaica homophobic</a> retrieved 19 May</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-jobserver-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-jobserver_35-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-jobserver_35-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151122035613/http://www.jamaicaobserver.com/news/72288_Bruce-Golding">"Bruce Golding"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Jamaica_Observer" title="Jamaica Observer">Jamaica Observer</a></i>. 30 December 2004. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jamaicaobserver.com/news/72288_Bruce-Golding">the original</a> on 22 November 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 August</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Jamaica+Observer&rft.atitle=Bruce+Golding&rft.date=2004-12-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jamaicaobserver.com%2Fnews%2F72288_Bruce-Golding&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABruce+Golding" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <ul><li>The Jamaica Gleaner. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071008162705/http://www.jamaica-gleaner.com/gleaner/20070911/">" Golden hour – Bruce takes office in Jamaica today "</a>, <i>The Jamaica Gleaner</i>, 11 September 2007.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bruce_Golding&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Bruce_Golding" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Bruce Golding">Bruce Golding</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jis.gov.jm/">Jamaica Information Service, Information Service of the Government of Jamaica</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cabinet.gov.jm/">The Office of the Prime Minister </a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jamaicalabourparty.com">Jamaica Labour Party – Bruce Golding</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jamaicapage.com/bruce-golding-bbc-hardtalk-interview/">Bruce Golding on the BBC's HARDtalk Interview Program</a></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ccccff;">Political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Portia_Simpson-Miller" title="Portia Simpson-Miller">Portia Simpson-Miller</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Jamaica" title="Prime Minister of Jamaica">Prime Minister of Jamaica</a> </b><br />2007–2011 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Holness" title="Andrew Holness">Andrew Holness</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div 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Jamaica">Prime ministers of Jamaica</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 2px 0 0"><div><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Prime_Minister_of_Jamaica.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Flag_of_the_Prime_Minister_of_Jamaica.svg/75px-Flag_of_the_Prime_Minister_of_Jamaica.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="37" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Flag_of_the_Prime_Minister_of_Jamaica.svg/113px-Flag_of_the_Prime_Minister_of_Jamaica.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Flag_of_the_Prime_Minister_of_Jamaica.svg/150px-Flag_of_the_Prime_Minister_of_Jamaica.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="791" data-file-height="395" /></a></span></div></td><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Bustamante" title="Alexander Bustamante">Alexander Bustamante</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norman_Manley" title="Norman Manley">Norman Manley</a><sup>†</sup><sup>‡</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Sangster" title="Donald Sangster">Donald Sangster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Shearer" title="Hugh Shearer">Hugh Shearer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Manley" title="Michael Manley">Michael Manley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Seaga" title="Edward Seaga">Edward Seaga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P._J._Patterson" title="P. J. Patterson">P. J. Patterson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portia_Simpson-Miller" title="Portia Simpson-Miller">Portia Simpson-Miller</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bruce Golding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Holness" title="Andrew Holness">Andrew Holness</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Jamaica.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Coat_of_arms_of_Jamaica.svg/75px-Coat_of_arms_of_Jamaica.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="77" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Coat_of_arms_of_Jamaica.svg/113px-Coat_of_arms_of_Jamaica.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Coat_of_arms_of_Jamaica.svg/150px-Coat_of_arms_of_Jamaica.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="582" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="4"><div><sup>†</sup> Served as Chief Minister of Jamaica. <sup>‡</sup> Served as Premier of Jamaica.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q315662#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q315662#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q315662#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, 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