CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html>    <html class="no-js" lang="en">  <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8" /> <title>Exploratory Grantmaking in Technology</title> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" /> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="32x32" href="https://sloan.org/themes/sloan/assets/images/favicons/favicon-32x32.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="16x16" href="https://sloan.org/themes/sloan/assets/images/favicons/favicon-16x16.png"> <meta name="theme-color" content="#003c5b">  <meta name="twitter:title" content="Exploratory Grantmaking in Technology | Alfred P. Sloan Foundation" />  <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary" /> <meta name="twitter:image" content="https://sloan.org/storage/app/media/Web-Meta-Default3.png" /> <meta name="twitter:description" content="Our mission is to make the world a better place through the advancement of scientific knowledge." />  <meta property="og:url" content="https://sloan.org/programs/digital-technology/exploratory-grantmaking-in-technology" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="og:title" content="Exploratory Grantmaking in Technology | Alfred P. Sloan Foundation" />  <meta property="og:description" content="Our mission is to make the world a better place through the advancement of scientific knowledge." /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://sloan.org/storage/app/media/Web-Meta-Default3.png" />  <meta name="description" content="Our mission is to make the world a better place through the advancement of scientific knowledge."> <script> document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { function trackIt() { _gaq.push(['_trackEvent','Download','PDF',this.href]); } var anchors = document.getElementsByTagName("a"); for (var i=0; i < anchors.length; i++) { if (anchors[i].href.indexOf(".pdf") !== -1) { anchors[i].addEventListener('click', trackIt); } } }); </script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://sloan.org/plugins/offline/gdpr/assets/cookieBanner/banner.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/assets/css/sloan-theme.66fcb687.css"> </head> <body class="scheme-s4"> <div id="gdpr-reload"> </div> <header class="site-header "> <div class="container"> <button class="header-hamburger" data-toggle-trigger="hamburger"> <span>Menu</span> </button> <a class="logo-type logo-type--interior" href="/" aria-label="Back to home"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 696 154.842" width="348" height="77.41"> <defs> <style> .logo-type-center-horizontal-fill { fill: #fff } </style> </defs> <path class="logo-type-center-horizontal-fill" d="M18.375 143.682c-1.186-2.957-2.526-6.386-4.134-10.369-1.455 3.628-2.833 7.098-4.173 10.37zm11.256 10.568a91.997 91.997 0 0 0-5.015-.118c-1.952 0-3.483 0-4.633.118v-.197c1.111-.395 1.417-.907 1.417-1.696a7.203 7.203 0 0 0-.574-2.444c-.382-.947-.766-1.972-1.225-3.075H8.805c-.307.827-.65 1.615-.957 2.404a9.589 9.589 0 0 0-.805 2.997 1.676 1.676 0 0 0 1.455 1.814v.197c-1.455-.118-3.177-.118-4.44-.118-1.226 0-2.91.04-4.058.118v-.197c1.301-.553 1.875-1.144 3.406-4.692 6.74-15.338 8.27-18.886 10.031-23.264h3.331c1.11 3.156 3.904 9.938 9.84 24.012 1.147 2.722 1.607 3.432 3.023 3.944zM42.568 148.573c0 1.616.612 2.287 2.986 2.287 4.402 0 5.781-.947 7.657-4.18l.191.118a62.183 62.183 0 0 0-1.417 7.49c-3.444-.116-7.618-.155-10.604-.155-1.99 0-5.09.039-6.815.118v-.197c2.145-.75 2.49-1.301 2.49-8.557v-10.291c0-7.254-.345-7.807-2.49-8.516v-.197c1.724.079 3.255.118 5.245.118 1.991 0 3.56-.04 5.437-.118v.197c-2.373.709-2.68 1.064-2.68 7.57zM69.942 154.25a121.014 121.014 0 0 0-5.437-.118c-1.99 0-3.522.04-5.245.118v-.197c2.145-.749 2.489-1.3 2.489-8.557v-10.29c0-7.254-.344-7.807-2.49-8.517v-.196c1.724.078 3.906.117 5.897.117 5.398 0 8.652-.079 12.02-.276a61.07 61.07 0 0 0 .154 7.058l-.19.04c-1.111-2.918-2.451-3.589-7.198-3.589a17.658 17.658 0 0 0-2.68.12v8.871l3.599-.119c3.56-.157 4.287-.552 4.862-2.169h.23a36.258 36.258 0 0 0-.154 3.747 32.206 32.206 0 0 0 .154 3.705h-.23c-.575-1.656-1.341-2.01-4.862-2.128l-3.6-.119v4.692c0 6.506.308 6.861 2.68 7.61zM91.799 140.174h1.609c3.712 0 6.432-1.498 6.432-5.244 0-3.47-2.222-5.204-6.241-5.204a15.22 15.22 0 0 0-1.8.117zm2.719 14.076a121.492 121.492 0 0 0-5.475-.118c-1.991 0-3.484.04-5.207.118v-.197c2.145-.749 2.489-1.3 2.489-8.557v-10.29c0-7.254-.344-7.807-2.49-8.517v-.196c1.724.078 3.026.117 5.017.117 1.378 0 3.444-.158 5.78-.158 7.274 0 10.988 2.997 10.988 7.848 0 3.863-2.565 5.914-5.475 7.057 2.527 6.15 6.317 10.961 9.877 12.617l-.076.236c-6.241-.827-11.984-3.154-15.351-11.355a18.396 18.396 0 0 1-1.992.118h-.804v3.47c0 6.31.345 6.861 2.719 7.61zM131.536 154.289c-3.523-.118-8.423-.156-11.485-.156-2.03 0-4.517.038-6.241.117v-.196c2.145-.75 2.489-1.302 2.489-8.557v-10.291c0-7.254-.344-7.807-2.49-8.516v-.197c1.725.079 3.905.118 5.897.118 5.666 0 8.92-.08 12.405-.276a60.138 60.138 0 0 0 .19 7.057l-.19.041c-1.111-2.919-2.49-3.59-7.772-3.59a20.181 20.181 0 0 0-2.527.119v8.281l4.134-.118c3.56-.119 4.25-.513 4.862-2.13h.23a35.539 35.539 0 0 0-.153 3.707 33.97 33.97 0 0 0 .153 3.745h-.23c-.612-1.696-1.378-2.051-4.862-2.168l-4.134-.079v7.373c0 1.616.574 2.286 3.1 2.286 4.327 0 5.935-.946 7.81-3.982l.192.119a68.927 68.927 0 0 0-1.378 7.293M157.797 133.117a11.599 11.599 0 0 0-8.461-3.273 9.857 9.857 0 0 0-1.952.119v18.649c0 1.775.65 2.406 3.714 2.406 5.475 0 9.34-3.431 9.34-10.015 0-3.51-.956-6.112-2.641-7.886m-18.415 20.937c2.145-.75 2.489-1.301 2.489-8.557v-10.29c0-7.255-.344-7.808-2.49-8.517v-.197c1.725.079 3.217.118 4.596.118 1.837 0 3.598-.158 5.32-.158 5.744 0 10.338 1.499 13.554 4.81a13.12 13.12 0 0 1 3.522 9.385c0 8.004-5.514 13.76-16.003 13.76-2.183 0-4.403-.275-6.393-.275-1.456 0-2.871.039-4.595.118zM192.618 140.214h1.34c2.564 0 4.517-.513 5.59-1.656a5.066 5.066 0 0 0 1.224-3.589c0-3.705-2.45-5.243-6.087-5.243-.804 0-1.569.078-2.067.117zm2.68 14.036a121.014 121.014 0 0 0-5.437-.118c-1.99 0-3.522.04-5.245.118v-.197c2.145-.749 2.49-1.3 2.49-8.557v-10.29c0-7.254-.345-7.807-2.49-8.517v-.196c1.723.078 3.255.117 5.245.117 1.302 0 3.292-.158 5.321-.158 6.815 0 11.41 2.84 11.41 8.203a7.231 7.231 0 0 1-2.03 5.322c-2.143 2.248-5.819 3.312-10.106 3.312h-1.838v3.55c0 5.913.306 6.465 2.68 7.214zM210.525 154.644a3.233 3.233 0 1 1 3.216-3.233 3.183 3.183 0 0 1-3.216 3.233M241.29 154.802a17.987 17.987 0 0 1-8.385-2.01 54.751 54.751 0 0 0-.039-7.61l.192-.04c1.723 3.825 5.053 6.269 8.384 6.269 2.412 0 4.29-1.536 4.29-3.942 0-2.051-1.188-3.312-5.246-5.165-5.093-2.405-7.199-4.653-7.199-8.4 0-4.454 3.6-7.962 9.19-7.962a16.255 16.255 0 0 1 7.35 1.812 48.864 48.864 0 0 0 0 7.098l-.192.039c-1.838-3.548-4.555-5.56-7.389-5.56a3.376 3.376 0 0 0-3.522 3.43c0 1.933.995 2.918 4.94 4.732 5.206 2.485 7.503 4.77 7.503 8.713 0 5.087-3.982 8.596-9.878 8.596M265.712 148.573c0 1.616.612 2.287 2.986 2.287 4.402 0 5.782-.947 7.657-4.18l.19.118a62.378 62.378 0 0 0-1.416 7.49c-3.444-.116-7.618-.155-10.604-.155-1.991 0-5.091.039-6.815.118v-.197c2.145-.75 2.489-1.301 2.489-8.557v-10.291c0-7.254-.344-7.807-2.49-8.516v-.197c1.725.079 3.256.118 5.246.118 1.992 0 3.56-.04 5.437-.118v.197c-2.373.709-2.68 1.064-2.68 7.57zM287.953 140.016c0 6.427 3.37 11.237 8.69 11.237 5.055 0 8.424-4.534 8.424-10.528 0-6.425-3.37-11.236-8.691-11.236-5.091 0-8.423 4.495-8.423 10.527m-5.971.355a14.214 14.214 0 0 1 14.585-14.47c8.69 0 14.434 6.506 14.434 14.47a14.193 14.193 0 0 1-14.585 14.471c-8.653 0-14.434-6.506-14.434-14.47M332.324 143.682c-1.187-2.957-2.527-6.386-4.135-10.369-1.455 3.628-2.832 7.098-4.173 10.37zm11.255 10.568a91.997 91.997 0 0 0-5.015-.118c-1.952 0-3.483 0-4.632.118v-.197c1.11-.395 1.416-.907 1.416-1.696a7.203 7.203 0 0 0-.574-2.444c-.382-.947-.766-1.972-1.224-3.075h-10.797c-.307.827-.651 1.615-.957 2.404a9.581 9.581 0 0 0-.804 2.997 1.675 1.675 0 0 0 1.454 1.814v.197c-1.454-.118-3.177-.118-4.44-.118-1.226 0-2.91.04-4.058.118v-.197c1.3-.553 1.875-1.144 3.407-4.692 6.738-15.338 8.269-18.886 10.03-23.264h3.33c1.11 3.156 3.905 9.938 9.84 24.012 1.148 2.722 1.609 3.432 3.024 3.944zM373.4 154.447h-3.025a43.77 43.77 0 0 0-3.445-5.047l-11.831-15.179.04 11.709c0 6.861.38 7.413 2.64 8.124v.196a107.732 107.732 0 0 0-4.746-.117c-1.608 0-2.757.038-4.556.117v-.196c2.106-.711 2.45-1.421 2.45-9.07l.038-9.423c0-7.491-.306-8.122-2.488-8.871v-.197c1.685.079 2.756.158 4.44.158a21.746 21.746 0 0 0 3.292-.198c.384.632 1.149 1.696 1.953 2.76 1.57 2.09 8.04 10.41 11.294 14.589l-.037-9.068c0-6.861-.384-7.335-2.643-8.044v-.197c1.953.079 3.332.118 4.9.118a88.63 88.63 0 0 0 4.403-.118v.197c-2.104.709-2.374 1.341-2.488 9.266zM408.086 154.233a121.014 121.014 0 0 0-5.437-.118c-1.99 0-3.522.04-5.245.118v-.197c2.145-.749 2.489-1.3 2.489-8.557v-10.29c0-7.255-.344-7.807-2.49-8.517v-.197c1.724.08 3.906.118 5.897.118 5.398 0 8.652-.079 12.02-.276a61.072 61.072 0 0 0 .154 7.058l-.19.04c-1.111-2.918-2.451-3.589-7.198-3.589a17.659 17.659 0 0 0-2.68.12v8.871l3.599-.119c3.56-.157 4.287-.552 4.862-2.169h.23a36.23 36.23 0 0 0-.154 3.745 32.222 32.222 0 0 0 .154 3.707h-.23c-.575-1.656-1.341-2.01-4.862-2.128l-3.6-.119v4.692c0 6.506.308 6.861 2.68 7.61zM427.882 139.999c0 6.428 3.369 11.237 8.69 11.237 5.055 0 8.424-4.534 8.424-10.527 0-6.426-3.37-11.237-8.691-11.237-5.091 0-8.423 4.495-8.423 10.527m-5.971.355a14.214 14.214 0 0 1 14.585-14.47c8.69 0 14.434 6.506 14.434 14.47a14.193 14.193 0 0 1-14.585 14.47c-8.653 0-14.434-6.505-14.434-14.47M481.093 143.39c0 6.9-3.484 11.435-11.332 11.435-7.388 0-11.065-4.258-11.065-11.08v-8.556c0-7.254-.344-7.807-2.45-8.516v-.197c1.724.079 3.216.117 5.207.117 1.992 0 3.6-.038 5.437-.117v.197c-2.374.709-2.679 1.025-2.679 7.215v9.423c0 5.047 2.143 7.216 6.163 7.216 4.134 0 6.47-2.326 6.47-7.492l-.038-8.517c0-6.662-.383-7.136-2.643-7.845v-.197c1.954.079 3.446.117 5.054.117 1.571 0 2.566-.038 4.365-.117v.197c-2.068.709-2.45 1.38-2.45 9.266zM514.363 154.43h-3.025a43.664 43.664 0 0 0-3.446-5.047l-11.829-15.179.04 11.709c0 6.861.381 7.413 2.64 8.123v.197c-1.915-.079-3.216-.118-4.747-.118-1.608 0-2.757.039-4.556.118v-.197c2.105-.71 2.45-1.42 2.45-9.069l.038-9.423c0-7.491-.306-8.122-2.488-8.872v-.196c1.684.079 2.755.158 4.44.158a21.737 21.737 0 0 0 3.292-.198c.384.631 1.15 1.696 1.953 2.76 1.57 2.09 8.041 10.41 11.294 14.589l-.037-9.068c0-6.861-.384-7.335-2.643-8.045v-.196c1.952.079 3.331.117 4.9.117 1.494 0 2.681-.038 4.403-.117v.196c-2.104.71-2.374 1.342-2.488 9.267zM542.587 133.1a11.592 11.592 0 0 0-8.46-3.273 9.857 9.857 0 0 0-1.953.119v18.649c0 1.774.651 2.406 3.714 2.406 5.475 0 9.34-3.431 9.34-10.015 0-3.51-.956-6.112-2.64-7.886m-18.416 20.937c2.145-.75 2.49-1.301 2.49-8.557v-10.29c0-7.255-.345-7.807-2.49-8.517v-.197c1.724.079 3.216.118 4.595.118 1.837 0 3.598-.158 5.322-.158 5.743 0 10.336 1.499 13.552 4.81a13.121 13.121 0 0 1 3.523 9.386c0 8.003-5.514 13.76-16.004 13.76-2.183 0-4.403-.276-6.393-.276-1.456 0-2.87.038-4.595.117zM572.016 143.665c-1.187-2.957-2.527-6.387-4.135-10.369-1.454 3.628-2.832 7.098-4.173 10.37zm11.255 10.568a91.999 91.999 0 0 0-5.015-.118c-1.952 0-3.483 0-4.632.118v-.197c1.11-.395 1.416-.908 1.416-1.696a7.198 7.198 0 0 0-.574-2.444c-.382-.947-.766-1.973-1.224-3.075h-10.797c-.307.827-.65 1.615-.957 2.404a9.602 9.602 0 0 0-.804 2.997 1.676 1.676 0 0 0 1.454 1.814v.197c-1.454-.118-3.177-.118-4.44-.118-1.226 0-2.91.04-4.058.118v-.197c1.301-.553 1.876-1.143 3.407-4.692 6.738-15.339 8.27-18.886 10.031-23.264h3.33c1.11 3.156 3.905 9.938 9.84 24.012 1.147 2.722 1.608 3.432 3.023 3.944zM603.498 154.233a142.616 142.616 0 0 0-5.666-.118c-1.99 0-3.484.04-5.666.118v-.197c2.68-.789 2.91-1.026 2.91-8.004v-16.324h-1.15c-4.9.08-6.584 1.853-7.885 5.6l-.191-.04a77.057 77.057 0 0 0 .077-8.872c3.483.118 7.31.197 11.905.197s8.462-.079 11.946-.197a76.83 76.83 0 0 0 .076 8.872l-.192.04c-1.301-3.747-2.986-5.52-7.886-5.6h-1.187v16.324c0 6.978.268 7.215 2.909 8.004zM621.632 154.115c-1.99 0-3.598.04-5.283.118v-.197c2.22-.749 2.565-1.3 2.565-8.557v-10.29c0-7.255-.344-7.807-2.565-8.517v-.197c1.685.08 3.293.118 5.283.118 1.952 0 3.522-.039 5.36-.118v.197c-2.221.71-2.565 1.262-2.565 8.517v10.29c0 7.256.344 7.808 2.566 8.557v.197a117.638 117.638 0 0 0-5.361-.118M639.112 139.999c0 6.428 3.37 11.237 8.691 11.237 5.054 0 8.423-4.534 8.423-10.527 0-6.426-3.369-11.237-8.69-11.237-5.092 0-8.424 4.495-8.424 10.527m-5.97.355a14.214 14.214 0 0 1 14.585-14.47c8.69 0 14.433 6.506 14.433 14.47a14.192 14.192 0 0 1-14.585 14.47c-8.653 0-14.434-6.505-14.434-14.47M693.321 154.43h-3.025a43.8 43.8 0 0 0-3.446-5.047l-11.83-15.179.04 11.709c0 6.861.381 7.413 2.641 8.123v.197c-1.915-.079-3.216-.118-4.748-.118-1.607 0-2.757.039-4.555.118v-.197c2.105-.71 2.45-1.42 2.45-9.069l.037-9.423c0-7.491-.305-8.122-2.487-8.872v-.196c1.684.079 2.755.158 4.44.158a21.76 21.76 0 0 0 3.292-.198c.384.631 1.15 1.696 1.952 2.76 1.571 2.09 8.041 10.41 11.295 14.589l-.038-9.068c0-6.861-.383-7.335-2.642-8.045v-.196c1.952.079 3.331.117 4.9.117 1.494 0 2.681-.038 4.403-.117v.196c-2.105.71-2.374 1.342-2.488 9.267z" /> <path d="M373.981 70.447a36.762 36.762 0 0 1-2.894 2.576L319.44 21.377a35.779 35.779 0 0 1 2.57-2.9 37.007 37.007 0 0 1 2.882-2.59l51.66 51.66a36.152 36.152 0 0 1-2.57 2.9m-52.124 5.319a3.654 3.654 0 1 1 0-5.167 3.635 3.635 0 0 1 0 5.167m52.275-62.608a3.654 3.654 0 1 1 0 5.167 3.629 3.629 0 0 1 0-5.167m-42.568-1.538a36.655 36.655 0 0 1 35.836 1.67 9.78 9.78 0 1 0 4.886-6.095 44.467 44.467 0 0 0-62.86 15.11l55 54.999a36.876 36.876 0 0 1-35.837-1.672 9.78 9.78 0 1 0-4.886 6.097 44.516 44.516 0 0 0 62.87-15.101z" fill="#ad976e" /> </svg> </a> <button class="header-magnify" data-toggle-trigger="site-search"> <span class="screen-reader-text"> Click to search the website </span> </button> </div> </header> <header class="page-header"> <div class="container"> <h1 class="page-title"> Exploratory Grantmaking in Technology </h1> </div> <nav class="page-navigation"> <ul> <li> <a href="#issue"> The Issue </a> </li> <li> <a href="#focusareas"> Focus Areas </a> </li> <li> <a href="#grants"> Grants </a> </li> <li> <a href="#resources"> Resources </a> </li> <li> <a href="#apply"> Apply </a> </li> <li> <a href="#staff"> Staff </a> </li> </ul> </nav> </header> <nav class="hamburger-overlay" data-toggle-el="hamburger"> <button class="close-flush" data-toggle-trigger="hamburger"> <span class="screen-reader-text">Close site map</span> </button> <div class="container"> <nav class="site-map"> <div class="col"> <span id="list-1-label" class="list-heading"> <a href="/programs">Programs</a> </span> <ul aria-labelledby="list-1-label"> <li class="scheme-s1"> <button class="sub-nav-button" data-height-toggle="program-1-footer-nav"> <span class="screen-reader-text"> Click to expand this navigation menu </span> </button> <a href="/programs/research">Research</a> <ul data-height-reveal="program-1-footer-nav"> <li> <a href="/programs/research/economics-2">Economics</a> </li> <li> <a href="/programs/research/energy-and-environment">Energy and Environment</a> </li> <li> <a href="/programs/research/history-of-science-and-tech">History of Science & Technology</a> </li> <li> <a href="/programs/research/matter-to-life">Matter-to-Life</a> </li> <li> <a href="/programs/research/sloan-digital-sky-survey">Sloan Digital Sky Survey</a> </li> <li> <a href="/programs/research/small-scale-fundamental-physics">Small-Scale Fundamental Physics</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="scheme-s3"> <a href="/programs/higher-education">Higher Education</a> <ul data-height-reveal="program-12-footer-nav"> </ul> </li> <li class="scheme-s4"> <button class="sub-nav-button" data-height-toggle="program-4-footer-nav"> <span class="screen-reader-text"> Click to expand this navigation menu </span> </button> <a href="/programs/digital-technology">Technology</a> <ul data-height-reveal="program-4-footer-nav"> <li> <a href="/programs/digital-technology/better-software-for-science">Better Software for Science</a> </li> <li> <a href="/programs/digital-technology/exploratory-grantmaking-in-technology">Exploratory Grantmaking in Technology</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="scheme-s5"> <button class="sub-nav-button" data-height-toggle="program-5-footer-nav"> <span class="screen-reader-text"> Click to expand this navigation menu </span> </button> <a href="/programs/public-understanding">Public Understanding</a> <ul data-height-reveal="program-5-footer-nav"> <li> <a href="/programs/public-understanding/books">Books</a> </li> <li> <a href="/programs/public-understanding/film">Film</a> </li> <li> <a href="/programs/public-understanding/new-media">New Media</a> </li> <li> <a href="/programs/public-understanding/radio">Radio</a> </li> <li> <a href="/programs/public-understanding/special-initiatives">Special Initiatives</a> </li> <li> <a href="/programs/public-understanding/television">Television</a> </li> <li> <a href="/programs/public-understanding/theater">Theater</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="scheme-s8"> <button class="sub-nav-button" data-height-toggle="program-9-footer-nav"> <span class="screen-reader-text"> Click to expand this navigation menu </span> </button> <a href="/programs/completed-programs">Completed Programs</a> <ul data-height-reveal="program-9-footer-nav"> <li> <a href="/programs/completed-programs/anytime-anyplace-learning">Anytime, Anyplace Learning</a> </li> <li> <a href="/programs/completed-programs/barcode-of-life">Barcode of Life</a> </li> <li> <a href="/programs/completed-programs/biosecurity">Biosecurity</a> </li> <li> <a href="/programs/completed-programs/census-of-marine-life">Census of Marine Life</a> </li> <li> <a href="/programs/completed-programs/chemistry-of-indoor-environments">Chemistry of Indoor Environments</a> </li> <li> <a href="/programs/completed-programs/data-and-computational-research">Data & Computational Research</a> </li> <li> <a href="/programs/completed-programs/deep-carbon-observatory">Deep Carbon Observatory</a> </li> <li> <a href="/programs/completed-programs/encyclopedia-of-life">Encyclopedia of Life</a> </li> <li> <a href="/programs/completed-programs/industry-studies">Industry Studies</a> </li> <li> <a href="/programs/completed-programs/information-about-careers-in-science-and-technology">Information about Careers in Science and Technology</a> </li> <li> <a href="/programs/completed-programs/municipal-governments">Making Municipal Governments More Responsive</a> </li> <li> <a href="/programs/completed-programs/microbiology-of-the-built-environment">Microbiology of the Built Environment</a> </li> <li> <a href="/programs/completed-programs/outsourcing">Outsourcing</a> </li> <li> <a href="/programs/completed-programs/professional-science-masters-degree">Professional Science Master's Degree</a> </li> <li> <a href="/programs/completed-programs/scholarly-communication">Scholarly Communication</a> </li> <li> <a href="/programs/completed-programs/synthetic-biology">Synthetic Biology</a> </li> <li> <a href="/programs/completed-programs/universal-access-to-knowledge">Universal Access to Knowledge</a> </li> <li> <a href="/programs/completed-programs/working-longer">Working Longer</a> </li> <li> <a href="/programs/completed-programs/workplace-workforce-working-families">Workplace, Workforce, and Working Families</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="scheme-s7"> <a href="/programs/new-york-city-program">New York City Program</a> <ul data-height-reveal="program-11-footer-nav"> </ul> </li> </ul> <span class="list-heading"> <a href="https://impact.sloan.org">Impact</a> </span> </div> <div class="col"> <span id="list-2-label" class="list-heading"> <a href="/grants/apply">Grants</a> </span> <ul aria-labelledby="list-2-label"> <li> <a href="/grants/apply">Apply</a> </li> <li> <a href="/grants/open-calls">Open Calls</a> </li> <li> <a href="/grants/grantees">For Grantees</a> </li> <li> <a href="/grants-database">Grants Database</a> </li> </ul> <span id="list-3-label" class="list-heading"> <a href="/fellowships">Sloan Research Fellowships</a> </span> <ul aria-labelledby="list-3-label"> <li> <a href="https://sloan.org/fellowships">About</a> </li> <li> <a href="/fellowships/apply-2">Apply</a> </li> <li> <a href="/fellowships/faq">FAQ</a> </li> <li> <a href="/fellowships/current-fellows">For Current Fellows</a> </li> <li> <a href="/fellows-database">Fellows Database</a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="col"> <span id="list-4-label" class="list-heading"> <a href="/about">About</a> </span> <ul aria-labelledby="list-4-label"> <li> <a href="/about">Mission</a> </li> <li> <a href="/about/our-commitment-to-diversity-equity-inclusion">Commitment to Diversity, Equity & Inclusion</a> </li> <li> <a href="/about/who-was-alfred-p-sloan-jr">Alfred P. Sloan Jr.</a> </li> <li> <a href="/about/trustees">Trustees</a> </li> <li> <a href="/about/staff">Staff</a> </li> <li> <a href="/about/careers">Careers</a> </li> <li> <a href="/about/documents">Documents</a> </li> <li class="scheme-s0"> <button class="sub-nav-button" data-height-toggle="press-room-footer-nav"> <span class="screen-reader-text"> Click to expand this navigation menu </span> </button> <a href="/about/press">Press Room</a> <ul data-height-reveal="press-room-footer-nav"> <li> <a href="/about/press/press-releases">Press Releases</a> </li> <li> <a href="/about/press/grantee-news">Grantee News</a> </li> <li> <a href="/about/press#tab-logos">Logos</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <a href="/about/contact">Contact Us</a> </li> </ul> <span class="list-heading"> <a href="/">Home</a> </span> </div> </nav> </div> </nav> <section class="search-overlay" data-toggle-el="site-search"> <button class="close-flush" data-toggle-trigger="site-search"> <span class="screen-reader-text">Close search</span> </button> <div class="container"> <form class="search-form" action="/search"> <label for="search" class="screen-reader-text"> <span>Search</span> </label> <input type="text" id="search" name="q" data-autoselect-all tabindex="-1" placeholder="Search the Sloan Foundation Website" autocomplete="off" /> <input type="submit" value="Hit enter to search"> </form> </div> </section> <header class="header-fixed " data-header-fixed> <div class="container"> <button class="header-hamburger" data-toggle-trigger="hamburger"> <span>Menu</span> </button> <h1 class="page-title"> Exploratory Grantmaking in Technology </h1> <button class="header-magnify" data-toggle-trigger="site-search"> <span class="screen-reader-text"> Click to search the website </span> </button> </div> <nav class="page-navigation"> <ul> <li> <a href="#issue"> The Issue </a> </li> <li> <a href="#focusareas"> Focus Areas </a> </li> <li> <a href="#grants"> Grants </a> </li> <li> <a href="#resources"> Resources </a> </li> <li> <a href="#apply"> Apply </a> </li> <li> <a href="#staff"> Staff </a> </li> </ul> </nav> </header> <main> <div class="hero" data-qq-ignore> <div class="hero-ribbon"></div> <figure> <img src="/storage/app/media/programs/digital_technology/beta-test1.jpg"/> </figure> </div> <section class="lead-secondary"> <div class="container"> <header> <h4 class="label"> Program Goal </h4> <h2 class="title" data-qq="lead_title"> To identify areas at the intersection of research and technology where a strategic investment of Foundation resources might be leveraged to empower scholarship. </h2> </header> </div> </section> <a name="issue"></a> <section class="scheme-none"> <div class="container"> <header class="section-header"> <h2>The Issue</h2> </header> <div class="content-container rte-content"> <p>The Sloan Foundation continually explores the intersection of research and technology to identify emerging focus areas where recent innovation, changing contexts, or scarce funding open up potential opportunities for new programs. Exploratory grantmaking is intended to bring community needs and priorities into sharper focus and allow us to determine whether there is a clear strategy and potential impact for the Foundation in a specific area. Supported activities may include workshops and other expert convenings, early software development and prototyping, landscape analyses, development of protocols and standards, initial research on and engagement with potential user communities, and demonstration or other proof-of-concept projects.</p> </div> </div> </section> <a name="focusareas"></a> <section class="scheme-none"> <div class="container"> <header class="section-header"> <h2>Focus Areas</h2> <p>Current areas the Foundation is exploring include</p> </header> <div class="content-container rte-content"> <h3>Open Hardware</h3> <p>Open and cheap hardware has the potential to revolutionize the creation and deployment of sensors and other scientific instruments, expanding access and lowering barriers to innovation in data-driven research methods. Grants in this focus area seek to explore the potential for Foundation support to have an impact on the development of best practices, data standards, and emerging new practitioner communities in open hardware.</p> <p> <br> </p> <h3>Trust in Algorithmic Knowledge</h3> <p>The complexity and opacity of AI-driven research methods has raised new questions about the degree to which their results can or should be trusted. Issues examined in this focus area include identifying and mitigating algorithmic bias, the role of training and benchmarking datasets in AI development, how Machine Learning techniques enhance or degrade rigor and reproducibility, and the ways that algorithmic recommendation systems influence trust in knowledge.  Grants focus on exploring these issues with an eye toward understanding the potential for Foundation impact.</p> <p> <br> </p> <h3>Virtual Collaboration</h3> <p>Health, safety, and travel restrictions imposed in response to the global coronavirus pandemic made co-located scientific activities impossible. From conferences to classrooms to lab work, research communities responded by using new approaches and technology platforms to continue the practice of science. Grants in this focus area explore these innovations, their effects on research outcomes, and their post-pandemic durability, and encourage continued experimentation by research communities in how scientific practice might be effectively mediated by digital platforms and immersive technologies.</p> </div> </div> </section> <a name="grants"></a> <section class="scheme-none"> <div class="container"> <header class="section-header"> <h2>Recent Grants</h2> <a href="/grants-database?setsubprogram=38" class="arrow-link">See All</a> </header> <nav class="summary-grid" data-qq-ignore> <ul class="grid"> <li class="col"> <a href="/grant-detail/G-2024-22614" data-mh="1"> <h5 class="summary-header"> The Aspen Institute </h5> <p class="summary-meta"> $25,000 </p> <p class="hide-on-hover"> To partially support a meeting to explore the second-order effects of artificial intelligence technologies </p> <span class="arrow-link show-on-hover"> Learn More </span> </a> </li> <li class="col"> <a href="/grant-detail/G-2024-22489" data-mh="1"> <h5 class="summary-header"> Santa Fe Institute </h5> <p class="summary-meta"> $535,120 </p> <p class="hide-on-hover"> To support development of the ARCH platform for virtual collaboration of academic communities </p> <span class="arrow-link show-on-hover"> Learn More </span> </a> </li> <li class="col"> <a href="/grant-detail/G-2024-22485" data-mh="1"> <h5 class="summary-header"> Dynamicland Foundation </h5> <p class="summary-meta"> $850,000 </p> <p class="hide-on-hover"> To support the development of Realtalk as a mode of communal computing in scientific contexts </p> <span class="arrow-link show-on-hover"> Learn More </span> </a> </li> <li class="col"> <a href="/grant-detail/G-2024-22587" data-mh="1"> <h5 class="summary-header"> University of California, San Diego </h5> <p class="summary-meta"> $50,000 </p> <p class="hide-on-hover"> To study unmet opportunities for computational scientists to use Generative AI </p> <span class="arrow-link show-on-hover"> Learn More </span> </a> </li> <li class="col"> <a href="/grant-detail/G-2024-22586" data-mh="1"> <h5 class="summary-header"> Aalborg University </h5> <p class="summary-meta"> $45,118 </p> <p class="hide-on-hover"> To partially support a meeting on human-centered software engineering and artificial intelligence </p> <span class="arrow-link show-on-hover"> Learn More </span> </a> </li> <li class="col"> <a href="/grant-detail/G-2024-22486" data-mh="1"> <h5 class="summary-header"> Open Source Initiative </h5> <p class="summary-meta"> $249,150 </p> <p class="hide-on-hover"> To support the development of an Open Source AI Definition supported by a diverse set of stakeholders </p> <span class="arrow-link show-on-hover"> Learn More </span> </a> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> </section> <a name="resources"></a> <section class="scheme-medium"> <div class="container"> <header class="section-header"> <h2>Resources</h2> </header> <nav class="summary-grid"> <ul class="grid"> <li class="col"> <a href="https://sloan.us10.list-manage.com/subscribe?u=e91cb630ac1e8526781a66a1a&id=a12af6ef76" data-mh="1030"> <h5 class="summary-header"> Subscribe to the Technology Program newsletter! </h5> <p> A periodic compilation of grantee news, project updates, interesting links, and things we're reading and thinking about. </p> <span class="arrow-link"> Subscribe </span> </a> </li> <li class="col"> <a href="https://sloan.org/programs/digital-technology/exploratory-grantmaking-in-technology/platforms-4" data-mh="1030"> <h5 class="summary-header"> Supported platforms </h5> <p> Platforms, protocols, and products supported through the Foundation's grantmaking </p> <span class="arrow-link"> Learn more </span> </a> </li> <li class="col"> <a href="https://sloan.org/storage/app/media/programs/digital_technology/reporting-guidelines.pdf" data-mh="1030"> <h5 class="summary-header"> Reporting Guidelines </h5> <p> Content and formatting requirements for program grantees for the submission of interim and final grant reports </p> <span class="arrow-link"> Read more </span> </a> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> </section> <a name="apply"></a> <section class="scheme-dark"> <div class="container"> <header class="section-header"> <h2>Apply</h2> </header> <div class="content-container rte-content"> <p>Interested grantseekers should email a <a href="https://sloan.org/grants/apply#tab-letters-of-inquiry">letter of inquiry</a> of no more than two pages to <a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection" class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="abdfcec8c3c5c4c7c4ccd2ebd8c7c4cac585c4d9cc">[email protected]</a>.</p> </div> </div> </section> <a name="staff"></a> <section class="scheme-none"> <div class="container"> <div> <header class="section-header"> <h2>Staff</h2> </header> <nav class="image-grid-staff"> <ul class="grid"> <li class="col"> <a href="/about/staff/joshua-m-greenberg"> <figure> <div class="background-image" style="background-image: url('/storage/app/media//staff/2022 Headshot refresh/2022-joshua-greenberg.jpg');"></div> <figcaption data-mh="staff-name"> <span data-qq="staff-">Joshua M. Greenberg</span> <div class="subcaption">Program Director</div> </figcaption> </figure> </a> </li> <li class="col"> <a href="/about/staff/sonali-chadha"> <figure> <div class="background-image" style="background-image: url('/storage/app/media//staff/sonali-chadha.jpg');"></div> <figcaption data-mh="staff-name"> <span data-qq="staff-">Sonali Chadha</span> <div class="subcaption">Program Assistant</div> </figcaption> </figure> </a> </li> <li class="col"> <a href="/about/staff/elizabeth-vu"> <figure> <div class="background-image" style="background-image: url('/storage/app/media//staff/Liz-Vu2.png');"></div> <figcaption data-mh="staff-name"> <span data-qq="staff-">Elizabeth Vu</span> <div class="subcaption">Senior Program Associate</div> </figcaption> </figure> </a> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> </section> <div class="invisible"> <div data-qq="title">Exploratory Grantmaking in Technology</div> <div data-qq="local_uri">/programs/digital-technology/exploratory-grantmaking-in-technology</div> <div data-qq="description"> Program Goal To identify areas at the intersection of research and technology where a strategic investment of Foundation resources might be leveraged to empower scholarship. The Issue The Sloan Foundation continually explores the intersection of research and technology to identify emerging focus areas where recent innovation, changing contexts, or scarce funding open up potential opportunities for new prog… </div> </div> </main> <footer class="site-footer"> <div class="container">  <div class="footer-grid"> <div class="col-third"> <a class="logo-type-left" href="/" aria-label="Back to home"> <svg id="Layer_1" data-name="Layer 1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 402.636 108.373" width="217.25" height="58.47"><defs><style>.logo-type-center-footer-fill{fill:#003a5d}</style></defs><path d="M19.167 10.06a31.733 31.733 0 0 1 31.025 1.447 8.467 8.467 0 1 0 4.23-5.278A38.5 38.5 0 0 0 0 19.31l47.616 47.615a31.928 31.928 0 0 1-31.025-1.447 8.344 8.344 0 1 0-8.065 6.251 8.357 8.357 0 0 0 3.836-.973A38.54 38.54 0 0 0 66.79 57.682zm36.853 1.332a3.163 3.163 0 1 1 0 4.473 3.142 3.142 0 0 1 0-4.473zM10.763 65.593a3.163 3.163 0 0 1-4.473 0 3.163 3.163 0 1 1 4.473 0zm45.125-4.604a31.812 31.812 0 0 1-2.505 2.23L8.67 18.508a30.941 30.941 0 0 1 2.224-2.51 32.015 32.015 0 0 1 2.496-2.242l44.723 44.723a31.111 31.111 0 0 1-2.225 2.51z" fill="#ad976e"/><path class="logo-type-center-footer-fill" d="M115.88 32.55a78.436 78.436 0 0 0-4.15-.095c-1.617 0-2.884 0-3.835.095v-.158c.918-.318 1.172-.73 1.172-1.363a5.65 5.65 0 0 0-.475-1.965c-.316-.76-.634-1.585-1.014-2.471h-8.936c-.254.665-.54 1.298-.792 1.932a7.53 7.53 0 0 0-.666 2.409 1.356 1.356 0 0 0 1.204 1.458v.158c-1.204-.095-2.63-.095-3.675-.095a57.65 57.65 0 0 0-3.359.095v-.158c1.077-.445 1.552-.92 2.82-3.771 5.577-12.328 6.845-15.179 8.303-18.697h2.756c.919 2.536 3.232 7.986 8.144 19.298.95 2.187 1.331 2.758 2.503 3.17zm-9.316-8.493c-.983-2.377-2.092-5.133-3.423-8.334-1.204 2.916-2.344 5.704-3.453 8.334zM126.588 27.987c0 1.299.507 1.838 2.471 1.838 3.644 0 4.786-.761 6.338-3.36l.158.095a48.629 48.629 0 0 0-1.172 6.021 287.686 287.686 0 0 0-8.777-.126c-1.649 0-4.215.031-5.641.095v-.158c1.775-.603 2.06-1.046 2.06-6.877v-8.27c0-5.831-.285-6.275-2.06-6.846v-.158c1.426.064 2.694.095 4.34.095 1.65 0 2.948-.031 4.501-.095v.158c-1.964.57-2.218.856-2.218 6.085zM149.245 32.55a103.165 103.165 0 0 0-4.5-.095c-1.648 0-2.915.031-4.342.095v-.158c1.776-.603 2.06-1.046 2.06-6.877v-8.27c0-5.831-.284-6.275-2.06-6.846v-.158c1.427.064 3.232.095 4.88.095 4.469 0 7.162-.064 9.95-.222a47.528 47.528 0 0 0 .127 5.672l-.158.033c-.918-2.346-2.028-2.885-5.957-2.885a15.047 15.047 0 0 0-2.218.096v7.13l2.979-.096c2.947-.126 3.548-.443 4.024-1.743h.19a28.362 28.362 0 0 0-.127 3.012 25.206 25.206 0 0 0 .127 2.978h-.19c-.476-1.331-1.11-1.616-4.024-1.711l-2.98-.096v3.771c0 5.229.255 5.514 2.22 6.117zM169.587 32.55a103.57 103.57 0 0 0-4.532-.095c-1.648 0-2.883.031-4.31.095v-.158c1.775-.603 2.06-1.046 2.06-6.877v-8.27c0-5.831-.285-6.275-2.06-6.846v-.158c1.427.064 2.504.095 4.152.095 1.14 0 2.851-.127 4.784-.127 6.021 0 9.095 2.409 9.095 6.307 0 3.105-2.123 4.753-4.532 5.672 2.092 4.943 5.23 8.81 8.176 10.14l-.064.19c-5.165-.665-9.918-2.535-12.706-9.126a15.674 15.674 0 0 1-1.648.094h-.666v2.79c0 5.07.286 5.513 2.25 6.116zm-2.251-11.313h1.332c3.073 0 5.324-1.204 5.324-4.214 0-2.79-1.84-4.183-5.166-4.183a13.006 13.006 0 0 0-1.49.094zM200.227 32.581c-2.916-.095-6.972-.126-9.507-.126-1.68 0-3.738.031-5.165.095v-.158c1.775-.603 2.06-1.046 2.06-6.877v-8.27c0-5.831-.285-6.275-2.06-6.846v-.158c1.427.064 3.232.095 4.88.095 4.69 0 7.384-.064 10.267-.222a47.08 47.08 0 0 0 .159 5.672l-.159.033c-.918-2.346-2.06-2.885-6.432-2.885a17.026 17.026 0 0 0-2.092.096v6.654l3.423-.094c2.946-.096 3.517-.412 4.023-1.712h.19a27.66 27.66 0 0 0-.126 2.98 26.44 26.44 0 0 0 .127 3.01h-.19c-.507-1.364-1.141-1.649-4.024-1.744l-3.423-.063v5.926c0 1.299.476 1.838 2.567 1.838 3.58 0 4.912-.761 6.464-3.201l.158.096a53.926 53.926 0 0 0-1.14 5.861zM206.72 32.392c1.776-.603 2.061-1.046 2.061-6.877v-8.27c0-5.831-.285-6.275-2.06-6.846v-.158c1.426.064 2.661.095 3.803.095 1.52 0 2.978-.127 4.405-.127 4.753 0 8.555 1.205 11.217 3.867a10.374 10.374 0 0 1 2.916 7.542c0 6.432-4.564 11.059-13.247 11.059-1.806 0-3.644-.222-5.291-.222-1.205 0-2.377.031-3.803.095zm15.243-16.827a9.757 9.757 0 0 0-7.003-2.63 8.397 8.397 0 0 0-1.616.095v14.988c0 1.427.539 1.934 3.074 1.934 4.531 0 7.731-2.758 7.731-8.05a8.71 8.71 0 0 0-2.186-6.337zM253.003 32.55a103.165 103.165 0 0 0-4.5-.095c-1.647 0-2.915.031-4.341.095v-.158c1.775-.603 2.06-1.046 2.06-6.877v-8.27c0-5.831-.285-6.275-2.06-6.846v-.158c1.426.064 2.694.095 4.34.095 1.079 0 2.726-.127 4.406-.127 5.64 0 9.443 2.282 9.443 6.592a5.722 5.722 0 0 1-1.68 4.278c-1.774 1.806-4.817 2.661-8.365 2.661h-1.521v2.853c0 4.753.254 5.196 2.218 5.799zm-2.218-11.28h1.11c2.122 0 3.738-.413 4.625-1.332a4 4 0 0 0 1.014-2.884c0-2.978-2.028-4.214-5.039-4.214-.664 0-1.298.063-1.71.094zM265.607 32.866a2.599 2.599 0 1 1 2.661-2.598 2.596 2.596 0 0 1-2.661 2.598zM291.07 32.993a15.24 15.24 0 0 1-6.94-1.616 42.623 42.623 0 0 0-.032-6.115l.16-.033c1.425 3.074 4.181 5.039 6.94 5.039a3.24 3.24 0 0 0 3.548-3.169c0-1.648-.982-2.661-4.34-4.15-4.216-1.934-5.96-3.74-5.96-6.75 0-3.581 2.98-6.401 7.606-6.401a13.778 13.778 0 0 1 6.085 1.457 38.082 38.082 0 0 0 0 5.704l-.159.031c-1.52-2.85-3.77-4.467-6.116-4.467a2.757 2.757 0 0 0-2.915 2.757c0 1.552.823 2.344 4.088 3.802 4.31 1.997 6.21 3.834 6.21 7.003 0 4.088-3.295 6.908-8.175 6.908zM311.285 27.987c0 1.299.506 1.838 2.471 1.838 3.644 0 4.786-.761 6.338-3.36l.158.095a48.627 48.627 0 0 0-1.172 6.021 287.686 287.686 0 0 0-8.778-.126c-1.648 0-4.214.031-5.64.095v-.158c1.775-.603 2.06-1.046 2.06-6.877v-8.27c0-5.831-.285-6.275-2.06-6.846v-.158a91.93 91.93 0 0 0 4.34.095c1.65 0 2.948-.031 4.501-.095v.158c-1.964.57-2.218.856-2.218 6.085zM324.752 21.395c0-6.781 5.354-11.63 12.072-11.63 7.194 0 11.947 5.23 11.947 11.63 0 6.781-5.324 11.63-12.073 11.63-7.162 0-11.946-5.228-11.946-11.63zm4.942-.285c0 5.165 2.789 9.03 7.194 9.03 4.183 0 6.971-3.643 6.971-8.46 0-5.164-2.788-9.03-7.193-9.03-4.214-.001-6.972 3.612-6.972 8.46zM375.736 32.55a78.436 78.436 0 0 0-4.151-.095c-1.616 0-2.883 0-3.835.095v-.158c.92-.318 1.173-.73 1.173-1.363a5.65 5.65 0 0 0-.475-1.965c-.317-.76-.634-1.585-1.014-2.471h-8.936c-.254.665-.54 1.298-.792 1.932a7.53 7.53 0 0 0-.666 2.409 1.356 1.356 0 0 0 1.204 1.458v.158c-1.204-.095-2.63-.095-3.675-.095-1.015 0-2.41.031-3.36.095v-.158c1.078-.445 1.553-.92 2.82-3.771 5.578-12.328 6.846-15.179 8.303-18.697h2.757c.919 2.536 3.232 7.986 8.144 19.298.95 2.187 1.331 2.758 2.503 3.17zm-9.316-8.493c-.983-2.377-2.092-5.133-3.423-8.334-1.204 2.916-2.344 5.704-3.453 8.334zM400.419 32.708h-2.504a35.14 35.14 0 0 0-2.852-4.056l-9.792-12.2.032 9.411c0 5.514.317 5.957 2.187 6.529v.158a91.898 91.898 0 0 0-3.93-.095c-1.33 0-2.282.031-3.77.095v-.158c1.742-.572 2.028-1.142 2.028-7.29l.03-7.573c0-6.02-.252-6.527-2.059-7.13v-.158c1.395.064 2.281.127 3.676.127a18.504 18.504 0 0 0 2.725-.159c.317.508.951 1.363 1.616 2.218 1.3 1.68 6.655 8.367 9.348 11.726l-.03-7.288c0-5.514-.318-5.895-2.188-6.466v-.158c1.616.064 2.757.095 4.056.095 1.236 0 2.218-.031 3.644-.095v.158c-1.742.57-1.965 1.079-2.06 7.448zM101.21 70.573a103.166 103.166 0 0 0-4.501-.095 91.93 91.93 0 0 0-4.342.095v-.159c1.776-.602 2.06-1.045 2.06-6.877v-8.27c0-5.83-.284-6.275-2.06-6.845v-.158c1.427.063 3.232.095 4.88.095 4.469 0 7.162-.064 9.95-.222a47.528 47.528 0 0 0 .127 5.672l-.158.032c-.919-2.345-2.028-2.884-5.957-2.884a15.047 15.047 0 0 0-2.218.096v7.13l2.979-.096c2.947-.126 3.548-.443 4.024-1.743h.19a28.353 28.353 0 0 0-.127 3.01 25.216 25.216 0 0 0 .127 2.98h-.19c-.476-1.332-1.11-1.617-4.024-1.711l-2.98-.096v3.77c0 5.23.255 5.515 2.22 6.117zM112.652 59.418c0-6.782 5.355-11.63 12.072-11.63 7.194 0 11.947 5.23 11.947 11.63 0 6.781-5.323 11.63-12.072 11.63-7.163 0-11.947-5.229-11.947-11.63zm4.942-.285c0 5.165 2.79 9.03 7.194 9.03 4.183 0 6.972-3.643 6.972-8.46 0-5.164-2.789-9.031-7.194-9.031-4.214 0-6.972 3.613-6.972 8.46zM161.637 61.858c0 5.546-2.883 9.19-9.38 9.19-6.115 0-9.157-3.422-9.157-8.905v-6.876c0-5.83-.285-6.275-2.028-6.845v-.158c1.426.063 2.661.095 4.31.095s2.979-.032 4.5-.095v.158c-1.965.57-2.218.824-2.218 5.8v7.572c0 4.056 1.774 5.8 5.102 5.8 3.42 0 5.354-1.87 5.354-6.021l-.03-6.845c0-5.355-.318-5.736-2.188-6.306v-.158c1.617.063 2.852.095 4.183.095 1.3 0 2.124-.032 3.613-.095v.158c-1.712.57-2.028 1.11-2.028 7.448zM189.175 70.73h-2.503a35.14 35.14 0 0 0-2.852-4.055l-9.792-12.2.032 9.41c0 5.515.317 5.958 2.187 6.53v.158a91.898 91.898 0 0 0-3.93-.095c-1.33 0-2.282.031-3.77.095v-.159c1.742-.571 2.027-1.141 2.027-7.289l.032-7.573c0-6.02-.253-6.527-2.06-7.13v-.158c1.395.063 2.281.127 3.676.127a18.502 18.502 0 0 0 2.725-.16c.317.509.951 1.364 1.616 2.22 1.3 1.679 6.655 8.365 9.348 11.724l-.03-7.288c0-5.514-.318-5.895-2.188-6.465v-.158c1.616.063 2.757.095 4.056.095 1.236 0 2.218-.032 3.644-.095v.158c-1.742.57-1.965 1.078-2.06 7.448zM197.294 70.414c1.776-.602 2.06-1.045 2.06-6.877v-8.27c0-5.83-.284-6.275-2.06-6.845v-.158c1.427.063 2.662.095 3.804.095 1.52 0 2.978-.127 4.404-.127 4.754 0 8.556 1.205 11.218 3.866a10.374 10.374 0 0 1 2.915 7.542c0 6.433-4.564 11.06-13.246 11.06-1.807 0-3.644-.222-5.291-.222-1.205 0-2.377.031-3.804.095zm15.242-16.827a9.757 9.757 0 0 0-7.003-2.63 8.397 8.397 0 0 0-1.616.096V66.04c0 1.425.54 1.933 3.074 1.933 4.532 0 7.732-2.757 7.732-8.048a8.71 8.71 0 0 0-2.187-6.339zM246.21 70.573a78.436 78.436 0 0 0-4.15-.095c-1.616 0-2.883 0-3.834.095v-.159c.918-.317 1.172-.73 1.172-1.363a5.65 5.65 0 0 0-.475-1.964c-.316-.761-.634-1.585-1.014-2.472h-8.936c-.254.665-.539 1.299-.792 1.933a7.53 7.53 0 0 0-.666 2.409 1.356 1.356 0 0 0 1.204 1.457v.159c-1.204-.095-2.63-.095-3.675-.095a57.65 57.65 0 0 0-3.359.095v-.159c1.077-.444 1.553-.918 2.82-3.77 5.577-12.328 6.845-15.18 8.303-18.697h2.756c.919 2.536 3.232 7.986 8.145 19.298.95 2.187 1.33 2.757 2.502 3.17zm-9.315-8.494c-.982-2.376-2.092-5.133-3.423-8.333-1.204 2.915-2.344 5.704-3.453 8.333zM262.952 70.573a121.542 121.542 0 0 0-4.69-.095c-1.647 0-2.883.031-4.69.095v-.159c2.22-.633 2.41-.824 2.41-6.432v-13.12h-.952c-4.056.064-5.45 1.49-6.527 4.5l-.158-.032a60.132 60.132 0 0 0 .063-7.13c2.884.095 6.052.159 9.854.159 3.804 0 7.005-.064 9.888-.159a59.875 59.875 0 0 0 .063 7.13l-.159.032c-1.077-3.01-2.471-4.436-6.527-4.5h-.983v13.12c0 5.608.222 5.799 2.408 6.432zM277.962 70.478c-1.647 0-2.978.031-4.372.095v-.159c1.837-.602 2.122-1.045 2.122-6.877v-8.27c0-5.83-.285-6.275-2.122-6.845v-.158c1.394.063 2.725.095 4.372.095 1.616 0 2.916-.032 4.437-.095v.158c-1.839.57-2.124 1.015-2.124 6.845v8.27c0 5.832.285 6.275 2.124 6.877v.159a100.181 100.181 0 0 0-4.437-.095zM287.488 59.418c0-6.782 5.355-11.63 12.073-11.63 7.193 0 11.947 5.23 11.947 11.63 0 6.781-5.324 11.63-12.073 11.63-7.162 0-11.947-5.229-11.947-11.63zm4.943-.285c0 5.165 2.789 9.03 7.193 9.03 4.183 0 6.972-3.643 6.972-8.46 0-5.164-2.789-9.031-7.193-9.031-4.215 0-6.972 3.613-6.972 8.46zM337.3 70.73h-2.504a35.14 35.14 0 0 0-2.852-4.055l-9.792-12.2.033 9.41c0 5.515.316 5.958 2.186 6.53v.158a91.898 91.898 0 0 0-3.93-.095c-1.33 0-2.281.031-3.77.095v-.159c1.743-.571 2.028-1.141 2.028-7.289l.03-7.573c0-6.02-.252-6.527-2.058-7.13v-.158c1.394.063 2.28.127 3.675.127a18.502 18.502 0 0 0 2.725-.16c.317.509.951 1.364 1.616 2.22 1.3 1.679 6.656 8.365 9.348 11.724l-.03-7.288c0-5.514-.318-5.895-2.188-6.465v-.158c1.616.063 2.757.095 4.056.095 1.236 0 2.219-.032 3.644-.095v.158c-1.742.57-1.965 1.078-2.06 7.448zM94.029 91.224h4.357c3.816 0 6.302 2.673 6.302 6.62 0 3.87-2.468 6.657-6.338 6.657h-4.321zm4.283 11.78c2.861 0 4.487-2.318 4.487-5.16 0-2.954-1.59-5.125-4.45-5.125h-2.543v10.285zM111.623 94.926a2.063 2.063 0 0 1 .336.018v1.554h-.073a2.728 2.728 0 0 0-2.058.729 4.343 4.343 0 0 0-.935 3.272v4.002h-1.59v-9.35h1.478v2.132a3.092 3.092 0 0 1 2.842-2.357zM113.998 91.41h1.813v2.001h-1.813zm.112 3.74h1.59v9.35h-1.59zM117.662 95.15h1.72l2.095 6.303a13.73 13.73 0 0 1 .393 1.421h.056a13.73 13.73 0 0 1 .393-1.421l2.094-6.302h1.721l-3.385 9.35h-1.701zM135.39 100.293h-6.64a2.762 2.762 0 0 0 2.786 3.03 2.512 2.512 0 0 0 2.488-1.777l1.309.58a3.888 3.888 0 0 1-3.909 2.6c-2.675 0-4.263-1.703-4.263-4.788 0-3.122 1.57-5.012 4.245-5.012 2.523 0 3.983 1.44 3.983 4.245zm-1.609-1.495c0-1.721-.879-2.618-2.413-2.618-1.645 0-2.58 1.065-2.619 2.823h5.032zM138.097 95.15h1.497v1.852a3.157 3.157 0 0 1 3.122-2.076c2.058 0 3.123 1.272 3.123 3.759v5.816h-1.59v-5.723c0-1.645-.69-2.487-2.057-2.487-1.551 0-2.505 1.254-2.505 3.33v4.88h-1.59zM155.562 102.893l-.28 1.608h-1.217V90.943h1.59v5.834a3.17 3.17 0 0 1 2.973-1.85c2.282 0 3.76 2.038 3.76 4.898 0 2.918-1.515 4.9-3.853 4.9a3.136 3.136 0 0 1-2.973-1.832zm5.141-3.068c0-2.094-.915-3.496-2.58-3.496-1.571 0-2.505 1.252-2.505 3.291v.486c0 1.944.916 3.216 2.487 3.216 1.626 0 2.598-1.365 2.598-3.497zM164.087 108.166v-1.403a4.183 4.183 0 0 0 .673.038c1.122 0 1.703-.506 2.132-1.721l.243-.69-3.722-9.24h1.778l2.394 6.508a8.616 8.616 0 0 1 .318 1.103h.036c.057-.261.168-.636.318-1.103l2.169-6.507h1.721l-3.647 9.95c-.86 2.354-1.982 3.14-3.552 3.14a4.544 4.544 0 0 1-.86-.075zM177.662 95.15h1.737V92.7l1.59-.672v3.123h2.339v1.308h-2.339v5.18c0 1.067.411 1.533 1.365 1.533a3.708 3.708 0 0 0 .974-.13v1.459a4.859 4.859 0 0 1-1.385.168c-2.02 0-2.544-1.234-2.544-2.973v-5.237h-1.737zM185.85 90.943h1.59v5.966a3.098 3.098 0 0 1 3.067-1.983c2.02 0 3.084 1.29 3.084 3.759v5.816h-1.59v-5.703c0-1.646-.69-2.507-2.037-2.507-1.608 0-2.525 1.215-2.525 3.33v4.88h-1.59zM204.156 100.293h-6.64a2.762 2.762 0 0 0 2.787 3.03 2.512 2.512 0 0 0 2.488-1.777l1.309.58a3.888 3.888 0 0 1-3.909 2.6c-2.675 0-4.263-1.703-4.263-4.788 0-3.122 1.57-5.012 4.245-5.012 2.523 0 3.983 1.44 3.983 4.245zm-1.608-1.495c0-1.721-.88-2.618-2.413-2.618-1.645 0-2.58 1.065-2.619 2.823h5.032zM211.82 95.15h1.496v1.74a3.2 3.2 0 0 1 3.048-1.964c2.262 0 3.777 1.944 3.777 4.899 0 2.993-1.608 4.9-3.87 4.9a3.038 3.038 0 0 1-2.862-1.702v5.125h-1.59zm6.638 4.675c0-2.206-.934-3.496-2.505-3.496s-2.58 1.234-2.58 3.253v.45c0 2.018.972 3.29 2.523 3.29 1.59 0 2.562-1.308 2.562-3.497zM227.077 94.926a2.063 2.063 0 0 1 .336.018v1.554h-.073a2.728 2.728 0 0 0-2.058.729 4.343 4.343 0 0 0-.935 3.272v4.002h-1.59v-9.35h1.479v2.132a3.092 3.092 0 0 1 2.84-2.357zM228.628 99.825c0-3.048 1.72-4.899 4.356-4.899s4.358 1.851 4.358 4.899c0 3.05-1.721 4.9-4.358 4.9s-4.356-1.85-4.356-4.9zm7.031 0c0-2.319-.992-3.516-2.675-3.516s-2.673 1.197-2.673 3.516.99 3.515 2.673 3.515 2.675-1.196 2.675-3.515zM241.455 95.15v1.627a2.733 2.733 0 0 1 2.673-1.85 2.642 2.642 0 0 1 2.657 1.868 3.003 3.003 0 0 1 2.841-1.869c1.797 0 2.844 1.272 2.844 3.44v6.135h-1.59v-6.003c0-1.46-.6-2.207-1.776-2.207-1.329 0-2.096.972-2.096 2.675v5.535h-1.588v-6.078c0-1.364-.636-2.132-1.76-2.132-1.308 0-2.112 1.047-2.112 2.75v5.46h-1.59v-9.35zM255.534 91.41h1.812v2.001h-1.812zm.111 3.74h1.59v9.35h-1.59zM259.853 101.846l1.608-.282a2.252 2.252 0 0 0 2.469 1.851c1.251 0 1.944-.615 1.944-1.42 0-.823-.504-1.16-1.347-1.31l-1.832-.336c-1.59-.3-2.487-1.196-2.487-2.618 0-1.608 1.346-2.805 3.554-2.805 2.094 0 3.515.954 3.702 2.525l-1.572.355a2.03 2.03 0 0 0-2.205-1.59c-1.197 0-1.928.525-1.928 1.44 0 .786.525 1.16 1.442 1.328l1.812.337c1.683.318 2.432 1.178 2.432 2.543 0 1.683-1.29 2.862-3.572 2.862-2.207 0-3.702-1.03-4.02-2.88zM277.56 100.293h-6.64a2.762 2.762 0 0 0 2.787 3.03 2.512 2.512 0 0 0 2.489-1.777l1.308.58a3.888 3.888 0 0 1-3.908 2.6c-2.675 0-4.263-1.703-4.263-4.788 0-3.122 1.57-5.012 4.244-5.012 2.524 0 3.984 1.44 3.984 4.245zm-1.607-1.495c0-1.721-.879-2.618-2.414-2.618-1.644 0-2.58 1.065-2.618 2.823h5.032zM284.384 99.825c0-3.048 1.719-4.899 4.356-4.899s4.358 1.851 4.358 4.899c0 3.05-1.722 4.9-4.358 4.9s-4.356-1.85-4.356-4.9zm7.03 0c0-2.319-.991-3.516-2.674-3.516s-2.674 1.197-2.674 3.516.99 3.515 2.674 3.515 2.675-1.196 2.675-3.515zM300.05 96.46h-2.337v8.04h-1.59v-8.04h-1.719v-1.31h1.72v-1.477a2.622 2.622 0 0 1 2.73-2.842 4.702 4.702 0 0 1 1.196.13v1.365a6.45 6.45 0 0 0-.99-.093c-.954 0-1.347.524-1.347 1.664v1.254h2.337zM313.12 95.88a3.048 3.048 0 0 1 .859 2.207 3.158 3.158 0 0 1-3.459 3.198 4.091 4.091 0 0 1-1.794-.393 1.002 1.002 0 0 0-.675.915c0 .525.393.954 1.554.954h2.28c2.114 0 3.18.954 3.18 2.637 0 1.758-1.384 2.975-4.638 2.975-3.291 0-4.208-1.236-4.208-2.564a2.006 2.006 0 0 1 1.515-1.944 1.684 1.684 0 0 1-1.084-1.626 1.927 1.927 0 0 1 1.327-1.871 3.086 3.086 0 0 1-.916-2.28 3.13 3.13 0 0 1 3.459-3.162 4.267 4.267 0 0 1 1.833.393 2.189 2.189 0 0 1 2.225-1.701 2.305 2.305 0 0 1 .618.075v1.383a3.294 3.294 0 0 0-.674-.075 1.331 1.331 0 0 0-1.402.879zm-3.572 8.285a9.39 9.39 0 0 1-.786-.039 1.53 1.53 0 0 0-.99 1.403c0 1.159 1.158 1.533 2.841 1.533 2.282 0 2.862-.71 2.862-1.55 0-.88-.655-1.347-1.945-1.347zm2.936-6.06a1.964 1.964 0 1 0-1.964 1.963 1.866 1.866 0 0 0 1.964-1.962zM321.664 94.926a2.062 2.062 0 0 1 .336.018v1.554h-.073a2.728 2.728 0 0 0-2.057.729 4.343 4.343 0 0 0-.936 3.272v4.002h-1.59v-9.35h1.479v2.132a3.092 3.092 0 0 1 2.841-2.357zM331.443 100.293h-6.64a2.762 2.762 0 0 0 2.787 3.03 2.512 2.512 0 0 0 2.488-1.777l1.309.58a3.888 3.888 0 0 1-3.909 2.6c-2.675 0-4.263-1.703-4.263-4.788 0-3.122 1.57-5.012 4.245-5.012 2.523 0 3.983 1.44 3.983 4.245zm-1.608-1.495c0-1.721-.88-2.618-2.413-2.618-1.645 0-2.58 1.065-2.619 2.823h5.032zM333.313 101.976a2.458 2.458 0 0 1 1.308-2.206 9.446 9.446 0 0 1 3.14-.767l1.74-.205v-.15c0-1.721-.617-2.414-2.057-2.414a1.9 1.9 0 0 0-2.13 1.853h-1.704c.132-1.907 1.628-3.16 3.816-3.16 2.561 0 3.683 1.16 3.683 3.89v2.523a11.175 11.175 0 0 0 .318 3.16h-1.664a14.685 14.685 0 0 1-.148-1.7 3.127 3.127 0 0 1-3.143 1.926c-1.908 0-3.16-1.086-3.16-2.75zm6.207-1.552v-.468l-2.544.375c-1.383.205-1.98.69-1.98 1.608 0 .915.69 1.476 1.832 1.476a2.679 2.679 0 0 0 2.692-2.99zM342.922 95.15h1.738V92.7l1.59-.672v3.123h2.338v1.308h-2.339v5.18c0 1.067.411 1.533 1.365 1.533a3.708 3.708 0 0 0 .974-.13v1.459a4.859 4.859 0 0 1-1.385.168c-2.019 0-2.543-1.234-2.543-2.973v-5.237h-1.738zM355.86 91.41h1.813v2.001h-1.813zm.112 3.74h1.59v9.35h-1.59zM360.18 99.825c0-2.88 1.644-4.899 3.981-4.899a2.895 2.895 0 0 1 2.75 1.608v-5.591h1.59V104.5h-1.496v-1.74a3.11 3.11 0 0 1-3.03 1.965c-2.262 0-3.795-1.965-3.795-4.901zm6.768.225v-.43c0-2.039-.972-3.29-2.542-3.29-1.59 0-2.543 1.29-2.543 3.495 0 2.189.954 3.497 2.543 3.497 1.552 0 2.542-1.272 2.542-3.272zM379.439 100.293h-6.64a2.762 2.762 0 0 0 2.786 3.03 2.512 2.512 0 0 0 2.489-1.777l1.308.58a3.888 3.888 0 0 1-3.908 2.6c-2.675 0-4.263-1.703-4.263-4.788 0-3.122 1.57-5.012 4.244-5.012 2.524 0 3.984 1.44 3.984 4.245zm-1.608-1.495c0-1.721-.88-2.618-2.414-2.618-1.644 0-2.58 1.065-2.618 2.823h5.032zM381.306 101.976a2.458 2.458 0 0 1 1.308-2.206 9.446 9.446 0 0 1 3.141-.767l1.74-.205v-.15c0-1.721-.618-2.414-2.058-2.414a1.9 1.9 0 0 0-2.13 1.853h-1.703c.131-1.907 1.628-3.16 3.815-3.16 2.562 0 3.684 1.16 3.684 3.89v2.523a11.175 11.175 0 0 0 .318 3.16h-1.665a14.687 14.687 0 0 1-.148-1.7 3.127 3.127 0 0 1-3.143 1.926c-1.907 0-3.159-1.086-3.159-2.75zm6.207-1.552v-.468l-2.543.375c-1.384.205-1.981.69-1.981 1.608 0 .915.69 1.476 1.833 1.476a2.679 2.679 0 0 0 2.691-2.99zM391.478 101.846l1.608-.282a2.252 2.252 0 0 0 2.469 1.851c1.251 0 1.944-.615 1.944-1.42 0-.823-.504-1.16-1.347-1.31l-1.833-.336c-1.59-.3-2.486-1.196-2.486-2.618 0-1.608 1.346-2.805 3.554-2.805 2.094 0 3.515.954 3.702 2.525l-1.572.355a2.03 2.03 0 0 0-2.205-1.59c-1.197 0-1.928.525-1.928 1.44 0 .786.524 1.16 1.442 1.328l1.812.337c1.683.318 2.432 1.178 2.432 2.543 0 1.683-1.29 2.862-3.572 2.862-2.207 0-3.702-1.03-4.02-2.88z"/></svg> </a> </div> <div class="col-two-thirds"> <nav class="site-map"> <div class="col"> <span id="list-1-label" class="list-heading"> <a href="/programs">Programs</a> </span> <ul aria-labelledby="list-1-label"> <li class="scheme-s1"> <button class="sub-nav-button" data-height-toggle="program-1-footer-nav"> <span class="screen-reader-text"> Click to expand this navigation menu </span> </button> <a href="/programs/research">Research</a> <ul data-height-reveal="program-1-footer-nav"> <li> <a href="/programs/research/economics-2">Economics</a> </li> <li> <a href="/programs/research/energy-and-environment">Energy and Environment</a> </li> <li> <a href="/programs/research/history-of-science-and-tech">History of Science & Technology</a> </li> <li> <a href="/programs/research/matter-to-life">Matter-to-Life</a> </li> <li> <a href="/programs/research/sloan-digital-sky-survey">Sloan Digital Sky Survey</a> </li> <li> <a href="/programs/research/small-scale-fundamental-physics">Small-Scale Fundamental Physics</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="scheme-s3"> <a href="/programs/higher-education">Higher Education</a> <ul data-height-reveal="program-12-footer-nav"> </ul> </li> <li class="scheme-s4"> <button class="sub-nav-button" data-height-toggle="program-4-footer-nav"> <span class="screen-reader-text"> Click to expand this navigation menu </span> </button> <a href="/programs/digital-technology">Technology</a> <ul data-height-reveal="program-4-footer-nav"> <li> <a href="/programs/digital-technology/better-software-for-science">Better Software for Science</a> </li> <li> <a href="/programs/digital-technology/exploratory-grantmaking-in-technology">Exploratory Grantmaking in Technology</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="scheme-s5"> <button class="sub-nav-button" data-height-toggle="program-5-footer-nav"> <span class="screen-reader-text"> Click to expand this navigation menu </span> </button> <a href="/programs/public-understanding">Public Understanding</a> <ul data-height-reveal="program-5-footer-nav"> <li> <a href="/programs/public-understanding/books">Books</a> </li> <li> <a href="/programs/public-understanding/film">Film</a> </li> <li> <a href="/programs/public-understanding/new-media">New Media</a> </li> <li> <a href="/programs/public-understanding/radio">Radio</a> </li> <li> <a href="/programs/public-understanding/special-initiatives">Special Initiatives</a> </li> <li> <a href="/programs/public-understanding/television">Television</a> </li> <li> <a href="/programs/public-understanding/theater">Theater</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="scheme-s8"> <button class="sub-nav-button" data-height-toggle="program-9-footer-nav"> <span class="screen-reader-text"> Click to expand this navigation menu </span> </button> <a href="/programs/completed-programs">Completed Programs</a> <ul data-height-reveal="program-9-footer-nav"> <li> <a href="/programs/completed-programs/anytime-anyplace-learning">Anytime, Anyplace Learning</a> </li> <li> <a href="/programs/completed-programs/barcode-of-life">Barcode of Life</a> </li> <li> <a href="/programs/completed-programs/biosecurity">Biosecurity</a> </li> <li> <a href="/programs/completed-programs/census-of-marine-life">Census of Marine Life</a> </li> <li> <a href="/programs/completed-programs/chemistry-of-indoor-environments">Chemistry of Indoor Environments</a> </li> <li> <a href="/programs/completed-programs/data-and-computational-research">Data & Computational Research</a> </li> <li> <a href="/programs/completed-programs/deep-carbon-observatory">Deep Carbon Observatory</a> </li> <li> <a href="/programs/completed-programs/encyclopedia-of-life">Encyclopedia of Life</a> </li> <li> <a href="/programs/completed-programs/industry-studies">Industry Studies</a> </li> <li> <a href="/programs/completed-programs/information-about-careers-in-science-and-technology">Information about Careers in Science and Technology</a> </li> <li> <a href="/programs/completed-programs/municipal-governments">Making Municipal Governments More Responsive</a> </li> <li> <a href="/programs/completed-programs/microbiology-of-the-built-environment">Microbiology of the Built Environment</a> </li> <li> <a href="/programs/completed-programs/outsourcing">Outsourcing</a> </li> <li> <a href="/programs/completed-programs/professional-science-masters-degree">Professional Science Master's Degree</a> </li> <li> <a href="/programs/completed-programs/scholarly-communication">Scholarly Communication</a> </li> <li> <a href="/programs/completed-programs/synthetic-biology">Synthetic Biology</a> </li> <li> <a href="/programs/completed-programs/universal-access-to-knowledge">Universal Access to Knowledge</a> </li> <li> <a href="/programs/completed-programs/working-longer">Working Longer</a> </li> <li> <a href="/programs/completed-programs/workplace-workforce-working-families">Workplace, Workforce, and Working Families</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="scheme-s7"> <a href="/programs/new-york-city-program">New York City Program</a> <ul data-height-reveal="program-11-footer-nav"> </ul> </li> </ul> <span class="list-heading"> <a href="https://impact.sloan.org">Impact</a> </span> </div> <div class="col"> <span id="list-2-label" class="list-heading"> <a href="/grants/apply">Grants</a> </span> <ul aria-labelledby="list-2-label"> <li> <a href="/grants/apply">Apply</a> </li> <li> <a href="/grants/open-calls">Open Calls</a> </li> <li> <a href="/grants/grantees">For Grantees</a> </li> <li> <a href="/grants-database">Grants Database</a> </li> </ul> <span id="list-3-label" class="list-heading"> <a href="/fellowships">Sloan Research Fellowships</a> </span> <ul aria-labelledby="list-3-label"> <li> <a href="https://sloan.org/fellowships">About</a> </li> <li> <a href="/fellowships/apply-2">Apply</a> </li> <li> <a href="/fellowships/faq">FAQ</a> </li> <li> <a href="/fellowships/current-fellows">For Current Fellows</a> </li> <li> <a href="/fellows-database">Fellows Database</a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="col"> <span id="list-4-label" class="list-heading"> <a href="/about">About</a> </span> <ul aria-labelledby="list-4-label"> <li> <a href="/about">Mission</a> </li> <li> <a href="/about/our-commitment-to-diversity-equity-inclusion">Commitment to Diversity, Equity & Inclusion</a> </li> <li> <a href="/about/who-was-alfred-p-sloan-jr">Alfred P. Sloan Jr.</a> </li> <li> <a href="/about/trustees">Trustees</a> </li> <li> <a href="/about/staff">Staff</a> </li> <li> <a href="/about/careers">Careers</a> </li> <li> <a href="/about/documents">Documents</a> </li> <li class="scheme-s0"> <button class="sub-nav-button" data-height-toggle="press-room-footer-nav"> <span class="screen-reader-text"> Click to expand this navigation menu </span> </button> <a href="/about/press">Press Room</a> <ul data-height-reveal="press-room-footer-nav"> <li> <a href="/about/press/press-releases">Press Releases</a> </li> <li> <a href="/about/press/grantee-news">Grantee News</a> </li> <li> <a href="/about/press#tab-logos">Logos</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <a href="/about/contact">Contact Us</a> </li> </ul> <span class="list-heading"> <a href="/">Home</a> </span> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="footer-top-link"> <a href="#" class="arrow-link-up">Back Up</a> </div> </div> <section class="colophon"> <div class="container"> <nav class="external-links"> Follow Us <ul> <li> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/sloanfoundation"> Facebook </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://impact.sloan.org"> Medium </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://twitter.com/SloanFoundation"> Twitter </a> </li> </ul> </nav> © 2024 Alfred P. Sloan Foundation </div> </section> </footer> <script data-cfasync="false" src="/cdn-cgi/scripts/5c5dd728/cloudflare-static/email-decode.min.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="https://sloan.org/combine/574a5a3b7ff84bb789981333969bc037-1645322080.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/assets/sloan-theme-bundle-ee4dfe9e.js"></script> <div class="gdpr-banner"> <div class="gdpr-banner__wrapper"> <div class="gdpr-banner__column gdpr-banner__column--1"> <div class="gdpr-banner__row"> <div class="gdpr-banner__message"> We use cookies to analyze our traffic. Please decide if you are willing to accept cookies from our website. </div> </div> </div> <div class="gdpr-banner__column gdpr-banner__column--2"> <div class="gdpr-banner__opt-out"> <button role="button" tabindex="0" aria-pressed="false" class="gdpr-banner__button gdpr-banner__button--opt-out" data-request="onDecline" data-request-success="document.querySelector('.gdpr-banner').remove()" > Decline </button> </div> <div class="gdpr-banner__opt-in"> <button role="button" tabindex="0" aria-pressed="false" class="gdpr-banner__button gdpr-banner__button--opt-in" data-request="onAccept" data-request-success="$('.gdpr-banner').remove()" data-request-update="'gdpr' : '#gdpr-reload'" > Accept </button> </div> <div class="gdpr-banner__dismiss"> <button role="button" tabindex="0" aria-pressed="false" class="gdpr-banner__button--dismiss" onclick="document.querySelector('.gdpr-banner').remove()">×</button> </div></div> </div> </div> </body> </html>