MDPI - Publisher of Open Access Journals

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<option value="biosensors" > Biosensors </option> <option value="biotech" > BioTech </option> <option value="birds" > Birds </option> <option value="blockchains" > Blockchains </option> <option value="brainsci" > Brain Sciences </option> <option value="buildings" > Buildings </option> <option value="businesses" > Businesses </option> <option value="carbon" > C </option> <option value="cancers" > Cancers </option> <option value="cardiogenetics" > Cardiogenetics </option> <option value="catalysts" > Catalysts </option> <option value="cells" > Cells </option> <option value="ceramics" > Ceramics </option> <option value="challenges" > Challenges </option> <option value="ChemEngineering" > ChemEngineering </option> <option value="chemistry" > Chemistry </option> <option value="chemproc" > Chemistry Proceedings </option> <option value="chemosensors" > Chemosensors </option> <option value="children" > Children </option> <option value="chips" > Chips </option> <option value="civileng" > CivilEng </option> <option value="cleantechnol" > Clean Technologies (Clean Technol.) </option> <option value="climate" > Climate </option> <option value="ctn" > Clinical and Translational Neuroscience (CTN) </option> <option value="clinbioenerg" > Clinical Bioenergetics </option> <option value="clinpract" > Clinics and Practice </option> <option value="clockssleep" > Clocks & Sleep </option> <option value="coasts" > Coasts </option> <option value="coatings" > Coatings </option> <option value="colloids" > Colloids and Interfaces </option> <option value="colorants" > Colorants </option> <option value="commodities" > Commodities </option> <option value="complications" > Complications </option> <option value="compounds" > Compounds </option> <option value="computation" > Computation </option> <option value="csmf" > Computer Sciences & Mathematics Forum </option> <option value="computers" > Computers </option> <option value="condensedmatter" > Condensed Matter </option> <option value="conservation" > Conservation </option> <option value="constrmater" > Construction Materials </option> <option value="cmd" > Corrosion and Materials Degradation (CMD) </option> <option value="cosmetics" > Cosmetics </option> <option value="covid" > COVID </option> <option value="crops" > Crops </option> <option value="cryo" > Cryo </option> <option value="cryptography" > Cryptography </option> <option value="crystals" > Crystals </option> <option value="cimb" > Current Issues in Molecular Biology (CIMB) </option> <option value="curroncol" > Current Oncology </option> <option value="dairy" > Dairy </option> <option value="data" > Data </option> <option value="dentistry" > Dentistry Journal </option> <option value="dermato" > Dermato </option> <option value="dermatopathology" > Dermatopathology </option> <option value="designs" > Designs </option> <option value="diabetology" > Diabetology </option> <option value="diagnostics" > Diagnostics </option> <option value="dietetics" > Dietetics </option> <option value="digital" > Digital </option> <option value="disabilities" > Disabilities </option> <option value="diseases" > Diseases </option> <option value="diversity" > Diversity </option> <option value="dna" > DNA </option> <option value="drones" > Drones </option> <option value="ddc" > Drugs and Drug Candidates (DDC) </option> <option value="dynamics" > Dynamics </option> <option value="earth" > Earth </option> <option value="ecologies" > Ecologies </option> <option value="econometrics" > Econometrics </option> <option value="economies" > Economies </option> <option value="education" > Education Sciences </option> <option value="electricity" > Electricity </option> <option value="electrochem" > Electrochem </option> <option value="electronicmat" > Electronic Materials </option> <option value="electronics" > Electronics </option> <option value="ecm" > Emergency Care and Medicine </option> <option value="encyclopedia" > Encyclopedia </option> <option value="endocrines" > Endocrines </option> <option value="energies" > Energies </option> <option value="esa" > Energy Storage and Applications (ESA) </option> <option value="eng" > Eng </option> <option value="engproc" > Engineering Proceedings </option> <option value="entropy" > Entropy </option> <option value="environsciproc" > Environmental Sciences Proceedings </option> <option value="environments" > Environments </option> <option value="epidemiologia" > Epidemiologia </option> <option value="epigenomes" > Epigenomes </option> <option value="ebj" > European Burn Journal (EBJ) </option> <option value="ejihpe" > European Journal of Investigation in Health, Psychology and Education (EJIHPE) </option> <option value="fermentation" > Fermentation </option> <option value="fibers" > Fibers </option> <option value="fintech" > FinTech </option> <option value="fire" > Fire </option> <option value="fishes" > Fishes </option> <option value="fluids" > Fluids </option> <option value="foods" > Foods </option> <option value="forecasting" > Forecasting </option> <option value="forensicsci" > Forensic Sciences </option> <option value="forests" > Forests </option> <option value="fossstud" > Fossil Studies </option> <option value="foundations" > Foundations </option> <option value="fractalfract" > Fractal and Fractional (Fractal Fract) </option> <option value="fuels" > Fuels </option> <option value="future" > Future </option> <option value="futureinternet" > Future Internet </option> <option value="futurepharmacol" > Future Pharmacology </option> <option value="futuretransp" > Future Transportation </option> <option value="galaxies" > Galaxies </option> <option value="games" > Games </option> <option value="gases" > Gases </option> <option value="gastroent" > Gastroenterology Insights </option> <option value="gastrointestdisord" > Gastrointestinal Disorders </option> <option value="gastronomy" > Gastronomy </option> <option value="gels" > Gels </option> <option value="genealogy" > Genealogy </option> <option value="genes" > Genes </option> <option value="geographies" > Geographies </option> <option value="geohazards" > GeoHazards </option> <option value="geomatics" > Geomatics </option> <option value="geometry" > Geometry </option> <option value="geosciences" > Geosciences </option> <option value="geotechnics" > Geotechnics </option> <option value="geriatrics" > Geriatrics </option> <option value="glacies" > Glacies </option> <option value="gucdd" > Gout, Urate, and Crystal Deposition Disease (GUCDD) </option> <option value="grasses" > Grasses </option> <option value="hardware" > Hardware </option> <option value="healthcare" > Healthcare </option> <option value="hearts" > Hearts </option> <option value="hemato" > Hemato </option> <option value="hematolrep" > Hematology Reports </option> <option value="heritage" > Heritage </option> <option value="histories" > Histories </option> <option value="horticulturae" > Horticulturae </option> <option value="hospitals" > Hospitals </option> <option value="humanities" > Humanities </option> <option value="humans" > Humans </option> <option value="hydrobiology" > Hydrobiology </option> <option value="hydrogen" > Hydrogen </option> <option value="hydrology" > Hydrology </option> <option value="hygiene" > Hygiene </option> <option value="immuno" > Immuno </option> <option value="idr" > Infectious Disease Reports </option> <option value="informatics" > Informatics </option> <option value="information" > Information </option> <option value="infrastructures" > Infrastructures </option> <option value="inorganics" > Inorganics </option> <option value="insects" > Insects </option> <option value="instruments" > Instruments </option> <option value="iic" > Intelligent Infrastructure and Construction </option> <option value="ijerph" > International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (IJERPH) </option> <option value="ijfs" > International Journal of Financial Studies (IJFS) </option> <option value="ijms" > International Journal of Molecular Sciences (IJMS) </option> <option value="IJNS" > International Journal of Neonatal Screening (IJNS) </option> <option value="ijpb" > International Journal of Plant Biology (IJPB) </option> <option value="ijt" > International Journal of Topology </option> <option value="ijtm" > International Journal of Translational Medicine (IJTM) </option> <option value="ijtpp" > International Journal of Turbomachinery, Propulsion and Power (IJTPP) </option> <option value="ime" > International Medical Education (IME) </option> <option value="inventions" > Inventions </option> <option value="IoT" > IoT </option> <option value="ijgi" > ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information (IJGI) </option> <option value="J" > J </option> <option value="jal" > Journal of Ageing and Longevity (JAL) </option> <option value="jcdd" > Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease (JCDD) </option> <option value="jcto" > Journal of Clinical & Translational Ophthalmology (JCTO) </option> <option value="jcm" > Journal of Clinical Medicine (JCM) </option> <option value="jcs" > Journal of Composites Science (J. Compos. Sci.) </option> <option value="jcp" > Journal of Cybersecurity and Privacy (JCP) </option> <option value="jdad" > Journal of Dementia and Alzheimer's Disease (JDAD) </option> <option value="jdb" > Journal of Developmental Biology (JDB) </option> <option value="jeta" > Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Analyses (JETA) </option> <option value="jfb" > Journal of Functional Biomaterials (JFB) </option> <option value="jfmk" > Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology (JFMK) </option> <option value="jof" > Journal of Fungi (JoF) </option> <option value="jimaging" > Journal of Imaging (J. Imaging) </option> <option value="jintelligence" > Journal of Intelligence (J. Intell.) </option> <option value="jlpea" > Journal of Low Power Electronics and Applications (JLPEA) </option> <option value="jmmp" > Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing (JMMP) </option> <option value="jmse" > Journal of Marine Science and Engineering (JMSE) </option> <option value="jmahp" > Journal of Market Access & Health Policy (JMAHP) </option> <option value="jmp" > Journal of Molecular Pathology (JMP) </option> <option value="jnt" > Journal of Nanotheranostics (JNT) </option> <option value="jne" > Journal of Nuclear Engineering (JNE) </option> <option value="ohbm" > Journal of Otorhinolaryngology, Hearing and Balance Medicine (JOHBM) </option> <option value="jop" > Journal of Parks </option> <option value="jpm" > Journal of Personalized Medicine (JPM) </option> <option value="jpbi" > Journal of Pharmaceutical and BioTech Industry (JPBI) </option> <option value="jor" > Journal of Respiration (JoR) </option> <option value="jrfm" > Journal of Risk and Financial Management (JRFM) </option> <option value="jsan" > Journal of Sensor and Actuator Networks (JSAN) </option> <option value="joma" > Journal of the Oman Medical Association (JOMA) </option> <option value="jtaer" > Journal of Theoretical and Applied Electronic Commerce Research (JTAER) </option> <option value="jvd" > Journal of Vascular Diseases (JVD) </option> <option value="jox" > Journal of Xenobiotics (JoX) </option> <option value="jzbg" > Journal of Zoological and Botanical Gardens (JZBG) </option> <option value="journalmedia" > Journalism and Media </option> <option value="kidneydial" > Kidney and Dialysis </option> <option value="kinasesphosphatases" > Kinases and Phosphatases </option> <option value="knowledge" > Knowledge </option> <option value="labmed" > LabMed </option> <option value="laboratories" > Laboratories </option> <option value="land" > Land </option> <option value="languages" > Languages </option> <option value="laws" > Laws </option> <option value="life" > Life 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Mathematics </option> <option value="medsci" > Medical Sciences </option> <option value="msf" > Medical Sciences Forum </option> <option value="medicina" > Medicina </option> <option value="medicines" > Medicines </option> <option value="membranes" > Membranes </option> <option value="merits" > Merits </option> <option value="metabolites" > Metabolites </option> <option value="metals" > Metals </option> <option value="meteorology" > Meteorology </option> <option value="methane" > Methane </option> <option value="mps" > Methods and Protocols (MPs) </option> <option value="metrics" > Metrics </option> <option value="metrology" > Metrology </option> <option value="micro" > Micro </option> <option value="microbiolres" > Microbiology Research </option> <option value="micromachines" > Micromachines </option> <option value="microorganisms" > Microorganisms </option> <option value="microplastics" > Microplastics </option> <option value="minerals" > Minerals </option> <option value="mining" > Mining </option> <option value="modelling" > Modelling </option> <option value="mmphys" > Modern Mathematical Physics </option> <option value="molbank" > Molbank </option> <option value="molecules" > Molecules </option> <option value="mti" > Multimodal Technologies and Interaction (MTI) </option> <option value="muscles" > Muscles </option> <option value="nanoenergyadv" > Nanoenergy Advances </option> <option value="nanomanufacturing" > Nanomanufacturing </option> <option value="nanomaterials" > Nanomaterials </option> <option value="ndt" > NDT </option> <option value="network" > Network </option> <option value="neuroglia" > Neuroglia </option> <option value="neurolint" > Neurology International </option> <option value="neurosci" > NeuroSci </option> <option value="nitrogen" > Nitrogen </option> <option value="ncrna" > Non-Coding RNA (ncRNA) </option> <option value="nursrep" > Nursing Reports </option> <option value="nutraceuticals" > Nutraceuticals </option> <option value="nutrients" > 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Med.) </option> <option value="resources" > Resources </option> <option value="rheumato" > Rheumato </option> <option value="risks" > Risks </option> <option value="robotics" > Robotics </option> <option value="ruminants" > Ruminants </option> <option value="safety" > Safety </option> <option value="sci" > Sci </option> <option value="scipharm" > Scientia Pharmaceutica (Sci. Pharm.) </option> <option value="sclerosis" > Sclerosis </option> <option value="seeds" > Seeds </option> <option value="sensors" > Sensors </option> <option value="separations" > Separations </option> <option value="sexes" > Sexes </option> <option value="signals" > Signals </option> <option value="sinusitis" > Sinusitis </option> <option value="smartcities" > Smart Cities </option> <option value="socsci" > Social Sciences </option> <option value="siuj" > Société Internationale d’Urologie Journal (SIUJ) </option> <option value="societies" > Societies </option> <option value="software" > Software </option> <option value="soilsystems" > Soil Systems </option> <option value="solar" > Solar </option> <option value="solids" > Solids </option> <option value="spectroscj" > Spectroscopy Journal </option> <option value="sports" > Sports </option> <option value="standards" > Standards </option> <option value="stats" > Stats </option> <option value="stresses" > Stresses </option> <option 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value="women" > Women </option> <option value="world" > World </option> <option value="wevj" > World Electric Vehicle Journal (WEVJ) </option> <option value="youth" > Youth </option> <option value="zoonoticdis" > Zoonotic Diseases </option> </select> </div> <div class="large-2 medium-2 small-6 columns "> <div class=""> <div class="search-input-label">Article Type</div> </div> <select id="article_type" tabindex="4" name="article_type" class="chosen-select"> <option value="">All Article Types</option> <option value="research-article">Article</option> <option value="review-article">Review</option> <option value="rapid-communication">Communication</option> <option value="editorial">Editorial</option> <option value="abstract">Abstract</option> <option value="book-review">Book Review</option> <option value="brief-communication">Brief Communication</option> <option value="brief-report">Brief Report</option> <option value="case-report">Case Report</option> <option 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Recent Articles <a href="/latest_articles" style="color: #fff; display: inline-block; width: 1px; cursor: default;"> </a> </h1> </div> <div class="custom-accordion-for-small-screen-content"> <div class="generic-item article-item no-border"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 29 pages, 41830 KiB   </span> <a href="/2673-964X/4/4/37/pdf?version=1732288610" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Beaches’ Expulsion from Paradise: From a Natural to an Artificial Littoral in Tuscany (Italy)" data-journal="coasts"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2673-964X/4/4/37">Beaches’ Expulsion from Paradise: From a Natural to an Artificial Littoral in Tuscany (Italy)</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Enzo Pranzini</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Irene Cinelli</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Giorgio Anfuso</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Coasts</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>4</em>(4), 697-725; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/coasts4040037">https://doi.org/10.3390/coasts4040037</a> - 22 Nov 2024 </div> <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> This study investigated the shoreline evolution of the Tuscany coast (Italy) from 1878–1883 to 2019. The 205 km sandy coastline, divided into 821 sectors, each one 250 m long, was analyzed to understand how human activities have altered this once-pristine coast. Sub-period analyses <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2673-964X/4/4/37/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> This study investigated the shoreline evolution of the Tuscany coast (Italy) from 1878–1883 to 2019. The 205 km sandy coastline, divided into 821 sectors, each one 250 m long, was analyzed to understand how human activities have altered this once-pristine coast. Sub-period analyses highlighted the impacts, both positive and negative, of various shore-protection projects. Initially, regional beaches were undeveloped and accreting, except for a few river deltas where alternating phases of erosion and accretion were observed. Coastal erosion began at deltas’ areas due to the reduction in sediment inputs and, at other areas, enhanced by the development of human settlements and tourism activities. This triggered the construction of protection structures that shifted erosion processes downdrift, a process that induced the downdrift extension of the structures (according to the “domino” effect), determining the transformation of a completely natural and resilient environment into a largely rigid one. Beach nourishment projects, mostly using inland quarries, added about 1 million cubic meters of sediment from the 1980s to 2019. Currently, 57.8% of beaches are larger than in the 1880s, 9.4% did not change and 32.8% are narrower. Overall, the Tuscan coast gained 6.5 km<sup>2</sup> of beach surface with an average shoreline advancement of 32 m. Recent trends (2005–2019) show that 37.7% of the coast is eroding, 21.1% is stable, and 41.2% is accreting, with a total surface area increase of about 200,000 m<sup>2</sup>. The beach surface area is still increasing despite the existing reduced sediment input due to the limited sediment loss resulting from the presence of morphological cells enclosed by very prominent headlands and the absence of submarine canyons that would otherwise direct sediments to the continental shelf. <a href="/2673-964X/4/4/37">Full article</a> </div> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2673-964X/4/4/37/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1527412"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1527412"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1527412" data-cycle-prev="#prev1527412" data-cycle-progressive="#images1527412" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1527412-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/coasts/coasts-04-00037/article_deploy/html/images/coasts-04-00037-g001-550.jpg?1732288725" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1527412" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1527412-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/coasts/coasts-04-00037/article_deploy/html/images/coasts-04-00037-g002-550.jpg?1732288726'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1527412-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/coasts/coasts-04-00037/article_deploy/html/images/coasts-04-00037-g003-550.jpg?1732288727'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1527412-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/coasts/coasts-04-00037/article_deploy/html/images/coasts-04-00037-g004-550.jpg?1732288730'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-1527412-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/coasts/coasts-04-00037/article_deploy/html/images/coasts-04-00037-g005-550.jpg?1732288731'><p>Figure 5</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='5' data-target='article-1527412-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/coasts/coasts-04-00037/article_deploy/html/images/coasts-04-00037-g006-550.jpg?1732288733'><p>Figure 6</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='6' data-target='article-1527412-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/coasts/coasts-04-00037/article_deploy/html/images/coasts-04-00037-g007-550.jpg?1732288734'><p>Figure 7</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='7' data-target='article-1527412-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/coasts/coasts-04-00037/article_deploy/html/images/coasts-04-00037-g008-550.jpg?1732288734'><p>Figure 8</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='8' data-target='article-1527412-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/coasts/coasts-04-00037/article_deploy/html/images/coasts-04-00037-g009-550.jpg?1732288736'><p>Figure 9</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='9' data-target='article-1527412-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/coasts/coasts-04-00037/article_deploy/html/images/coasts-04-00037-g010-550.jpg?1732288738'><p>Figure 10</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='10' data-target='article-1527412-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/coasts/coasts-04-00037/article_deploy/html/images/coasts-04-00037-g011-550.jpg?1732288739'><p>Figure 11</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='11' data-target='article-1527412-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/coasts/coasts-04-00037/article_deploy/html/images/coasts-04-00037-g012-550.jpg?1732288741'><p>Figure 12</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='12' data-target='article-1527412-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/coasts/coasts-04-00037/article_deploy/html/images/coasts-04-00037-g013-550.jpg?1732288743'><p>Figure 13</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='13' data-target='article-1527412-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/coasts/coasts-04-00037/article_deploy/html/images/coasts-04-00037-g014-550.jpg?1732288744'><p>Figure 14</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='14' data-target='article-1527412-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/coasts/coasts-04-00037/article_deploy/html/images/coasts-04-00037-g015-550.jpg?1732288746'><p>Figure 15</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='15' data-target='article-1527412-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/coasts/coasts-04-00037/article_deploy/html/images/coasts-04-00037-g016-550.jpg?1732288748'><p>Figure 16</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='16' data-target='article-1527412-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/coasts/coasts-04-00037/article_deploy/html/images/coasts-04-00037-g017-550.jpg?1732288751'><p>Figure 17</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='17' data-target='article-1527412-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/coasts/coasts-04-00037/article_deploy/html/images/coasts-04-00037-g018-550.jpg?1732288752'><p>Figure 18</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='18' data-target='article-1527412-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/coasts/coasts-04-00037/article_deploy/html/images/coasts-04-00037-g019-550.jpg?1732288754'><p>Figure 19</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='19' data-target='article-1527412-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/coasts/coasts-04-00037/article_deploy/html/images/coasts-04-00037-g020a-550.jpg?1732288755'><p>Figure 20</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='20' data-target='article-1527412-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/coasts/coasts-04-00037/article_deploy/html/images/coasts-04-00037-g020b-550.jpg?1732288756'><p>Figure 20 Cont.</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='21' data-target='article-1527412-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/coasts/coasts-04-00037/article_deploy/html/images/coasts-04-00037-g021-550.jpg?1732288757'><p>Figure 21</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='22' data-target='article-1527412-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/coasts/coasts-04-00037/article_deploy/html/images/coasts-04-00037-g022-550.jpg?1732288759'><p>Figure 22</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='23' data-target='article-1527412-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/coasts/coasts-04-00037/article_deploy/html/images/coasts-04-00037-g023-550.jpg?1732288760'><p>Figure 23</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='24' data-target='article-1527412-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/coasts/coasts-04-00037/article_deploy/html/images/coasts-04-00037-g024-550.jpg?1732288761'><p>Figure 24</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='25' data-target='article-1527412-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/coasts/coasts-04-00037/article_deploy/html/images/coasts-04-00037-g025-550.jpg?1732288762'><p>Figure 25</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='26' data-target='article-1527412-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/coasts/coasts-04-00037/article_deploy/html/images/coasts-04-00037-g026-550.jpg?1732288762'><p>Figure 26</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='27' data-target='article-1527412-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/coasts/coasts-04-00037/article_deploy/html/images/coasts-04-00037-g027-550.jpg?1732288763'><p>Figure 27</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='28' data-target='article-1527412-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/coasts/coasts-04-00037/article_deploy/html/images/coasts-04-00037-g028-550.jpg?1732288767'><p>Figure 28</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1527412-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/coasts/coasts-04-00037/article_deploy/html/images/coasts-04-00037-g001-550.jpg?1732288725" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Location map of the study area (in red the coast of continental Tuscany).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-964X/4/4/37'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/coasts/coasts-04-00037/article_deploy/html/images/coasts-04-00037-g002-550.jpg?1732288726" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>San Rocco fort at the time of its building (1792) and its position today (Google Earth image April 2022).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-964X/4/4/37'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/coasts/coasts-04-00037/article_deploy/html/images/coasts-04-00037-g003-550.jpg?1732288727" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>The wooden pier for marble loading at Forte dei Marmi (Marble Fort) and one of the first bathing establishments present on the IGM topographic map (1878).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-964X/4/4/37'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/coasts/coasts-04-00037/article_deploy/html/images/coasts-04-00037-g004-550.jpg?1732288730" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>Physiographic sketch of the continental Tuscany coast showing main littoral cells, longshore transport directions, long-term evolution and shore-protection structures. Extreme values of offshore waves, i.e., significant wave height (H<sub>s</sub>), associated mean period (T<sub>m</sub>) and approaching direction values for three European Centre for MediumRange Weather Forecasts points are also reported [<a href="#B15-coasts-04-00037" class="html-bibr">15</a>].</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-964X/4/4/37'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/coasts/coasts-04-00037/article_deploy/html/images/coasts-04-00037-g005-550.jpg?1732288731" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>Pie charts showing the percentage of beaches undergoing erosion, stability and sedimentation for the 1881–2019 (<b>a</b>), 1881–1954 (<b>b</b>), 1954–1984 (<b>c</b>), 1984–2005 (<b>d</b>) and 2005–2019 (<b>e</b>) time spans. Note that the classes’ boundaries are not the same in the five graphs since they are consistent with the accuracy of the data used to characterize each interval.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-964X/4/4/37'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/coasts/coasts-04-00037/article_deploy/html/images/coasts-04-00037-g006-550.jpg?1732288733" title=" <strong>Figure 6</strong><br/> <p>Long-term (<b>a</b>), 1881–2019, and recent (<b>b</b>), 2005–2019, shoreline displacement along the Northern Tuscany cell (<a href="#coasts-04-00037-f001" class="html-fig">Figure 1</a> and <a href="#coasts-04-00037-f004" class="html-fig">Figure 4</a>). Recent works that could have influenced coastal evolution are shown in red. Note: the vertical scale is different in the two graphs.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-964X/4/4/37'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/coasts/coasts-04-00037/article_deploy/html/images/coasts-04-00037-g007-550.jpg?1732288734" title=" <strong>Figure 7</strong><br/> <p>Coastal evolution after Carrara harbor (1880–1954) and shore-protection structures’ (1954–1984) construction.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-964X/4/4/37'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/coasts/coasts-04-00037/article_deploy/html/images/coasts-04-00037-g008-550.jpg?1732288734" title=" <strong>Figure 8</strong><br/> <p>The coast downdrift the Marina di Carrara harbor. The red arrow shows the coastal road that, until the 1930s, was running along the whole coast (authors’ photo, 8 November 2005).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-964X/4/4/37'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/coasts/coasts-04-00037/article_deploy/html/images/coasts-04-00037-g009-550.jpg?1732288736" title=" <strong>Figure 9</strong><br/> <p>Shore-protection structures at Marina di Massa, with groins connected at their tips by a submerged (−0.5 m) detached breakwater (Photo Provincia di Livorno, 18 July 2007).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-964X/4/4/37'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/coasts/coasts-04-00037/article_deploy/html/images/coasts-04-00037-g010-550.jpg?1732288738" title=" <strong>Figure 10</strong><br/> <p>Marina di Pisa was established at the end of the 19th century on the southern lobe of the Arno River delta, coinciding with the conclusion of the progradation phase (Istituto Geografico Militare, I.G.M., historical maps).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-964X/4/4/37'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/coasts/coasts-04-00037/article_deploy/html/images/coasts-04-00037-g011-550.jpg?1732288739" title=" <strong>Figure 11</strong><br/> <p>Marina di Pisa: late 19th–early 20th century wooden coastal protections in an undated postcard, probably from the first decade of the 20th century.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-964X/4/4/37'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/coasts/coasts-04-00037/article_deploy/html/images/coasts-04-00037-g012-550.jpg?1732288741" title=" <strong>Figure 12</strong><br/> <p>Marina di Pisa: converting hard structures into gravel beaches (from 1996 to 2020; authors’ photos).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-964X/4/4/37'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/coasts/coasts-04-00037/article_deploy/html/images/coasts-04-00037-g013-550.jpg?1732288743" title=" <strong>Figure 13</strong><br/> <p>The cost south of Marina di Pisa (Sectors 215–220, <a href="#coasts-04-00037-f006" class="html-fig">Figure 6</a>b; Google Earth image acquired on 30 April 2024 and authors’ photo, 25 June 2004).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-964X/4/4/37'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/coasts/coasts-04-00037/article_deploy/html/images/coasts-04-00037-g014-550.jpg?1732288744" title=" <strong>Figure 14</strong><br/> <p>The ‘low-accretion’ areas in the central part of this littoral cell over the long period (sectors nos. 80–90) can be explained by the reduction of sediment input from two small rivers but under the continuous arrival of sand from the north according to the predominant drift direction indicated by black arrows in the figure.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-964X/4/4/37'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/coasts/coasts-04-00037/article_deploy/html/images/coasts-04-00037-g015-550.jpg?1732288746" title=" <strong>Figure 15</strong><br/> <p>Beach long-term (<b>a</b>), 1879–2019, and recent (<b>b</b>), 2005–2019, evolution of the Central Tuscany cell.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-964X/4/4/37'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/coasts/coasts-04-00037/article_deploy/html/images/coasts-04-00037-g016-550.jpg?1732288748" title=" <strong>Figure 16</strong><br/> <p>Villa Ginori (indicated by a red arrow in the map), built in the early 18th century at the mouth of the Cecina River, is depicted in a print by Zocchi dated 1744, and its location is shown in the 1881 topographic map, illustrating beach progradation during the 18th and 19th centuries. However, such progradation was not continuous and may have been reversed, as suggested by other documents.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-964X/4/4/37'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/coasts/coasts-04-00037/article_deploy/html/images/coasts-04-00037-g017-550.jpg?1732288751" title=" <strong>Figure 17</strong><br/> <p>The early development of Marina di Cecina according to the first editions of the I.G.M. map (1883 at 1:50,000: 1908 and 1938 at 1:25,000).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-964X/4/4/37'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/coasts/coasts-04-00037/article_deploy/html/images/coasts-04-00037-g018-550.jpg?1732288752" title=" <strong>Figure 18</strong><br/> <p>The present configuration of Marina di Cecina shore-protection project and the new marina (Google Earth image acquired on 5 April 2022).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-964X/4/4/37'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/coasts/coasts-04-00037/article_deploy/html/images/coasts-04-00037-g019-550.jpg?1732288754" title=" <strong>Figure 19</strong><br/> <p>(<b>a</b>) Authors’ photos of dune erosion and fallen pine trees south of Marina di Cecina (May, 2019) and (<b>b</b>) one of the eight artificial shoals under construction south of Marina di Cecina. On the left side of the photo, the salient soon formed is visible, along with the gravel used for beach nourishment (approx. 7000 m<sup>3</sup>).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-964X/4/4/37'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/coasts/coasts-04-00037/article_deploy/html/images/coasts-04-00037-g020a-550.jpg?1732288755" title=" <strong>Figure 20</strong><br/> <p>Beach long-term (<b>a</b>), 1878–2019, and recent (<b>b</b>), 1984–2005, evolution of the Follonica littoral cell. Recent works that could have influenced coastal evolution are marked in red. Vertical scale is different in the two graphs.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-964X/4/4/37'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/coasts/coasts-04-00037/article_deploy/html/images/coasts-04-00037-g020b-550.jpg?1732288756" title=" <strong>Figure 20 Cont.</strong><br/> <p>Beach long-term (<b>a</b>), 1878–2019, and recent (<b>b</b>), 1984–2005, evolution of the Follonica littoral cell. Recent works that could have influenced coastal evolution are marked in red. Vertical scale is different in the two graphs.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-964X/4/4/37'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/coasts/coasts-04-00037/article_deploy/html/images/coasts-04-00037-g021-550.jpg?1732288757" title=" <strong>Figure 21</strong><br/> <p>Beach response to the project carried out in the central part of the Follonica Gulf in the 1980s–1990s (pre- and post-work available shorelines).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-964X/4/4/37'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/coasts/coasts-04-00037/article_deploy/html/images/coasts-04-00037-g022-550.jpg?1732288759" title=" <strong>Figure 22</strong><br/> <p>Marina di Scarlino and the beach expansion from 2000 to 2004. On the dry beach, piles of sand accumulated, intended to be transported a few hundred meters further north (Basemap Google Earth image, 2004). The small upper image shows the position of the marina within the Gulf of Follonica.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-964X/4/4/37'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/coasts/coasts-04-00037/article_deploy/html/images/coasts-04-00037-g023-550.jpg?1732288760" title=" <strong>Figure 23</strong><br/> <p>Gravel nourishment stabilized by submerged groins. Salients are formed at the groins’ root. The revetment is at least twenty years older (authors’ photo, 31 May 2016).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-964X/4/4/37'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/coasts/coasts-04-00037/article_deploy/html/images/coasts-04-00037-g024-550.jpg?1732288761" title=" <strong>Figure 24</strong><br/> <p>Beach evolution from 1883 to 2019 in the Ombrone River littoral cell. The lower accretion recorded at Collelungo is due to the fact that, in 1883, it constituted a small headland.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-964X/4/4/37'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/coasts/coasts-04-00037/article_deploy/html/images/coasts-04-00037-g025-550.jpg?1732288762" title=" <strong>Figure 25</strong><br/> <p>Collelungo watchtower was built in the 16th century on a headland that, according to the 1883 I.G.M. map, was still protruding out of the shoreline and functioning like a groin. In the 1950s, it was still possible to dive from the rocks, but now there is a 70 m wide beach in front.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-964X/4/4/37'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/coasts/coasts-04-00037/article_deploy/html/images/coasts-04-00037-g026-550.jpg?1732288762" title=" <strong>Figure 26</strong><br/> <p>Ombrone River delta in the Maremma Regional Park: (<b>a</b>) detached breakwater constructed to protect a house, now reached by the beach, on the northern side of the delta; (<b>b</b>) cusp formed by a submerged groin on the southern side of the delta. Waves breaking on the structure are visible, too (authors’ photos, 22 May 2020).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-964X/4/4/37'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/coasts/coasts-04-00037/article_deploy/html/images/coasts-04-00037-g027-550.jpg?1732288763" title=" <strong>Figure 27</strong><br/> <p>The bypass active at the port of Marina di Grosseto: pipes discharge sand on the northern side (downdrift) of the jetties (authors’ photo, 6 January 2015).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-964X/4/4/37'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/coasts/coasts-04-00037/article_deploy/html/images/coasts-04-00037-g028-550.jpg?1732288767" title=" <strong>Figure 28</strong><br/> <p>Castiglione della Pescaia: inversion of longshore sediment transport (yellow arrows) caused by wave diffraction and reflection (wave orthogonals in blue) along a shore oblique structure (base Google earth image acquired on 3 September 2023). In the upper right box: houses constructed on the dunes in the 1960s and 1970s and the detached breakwaters built for their protection (authors’ photo 6 January 2015).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-964X/4/4/37'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item "> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 14 pages, 3625 KiB   </span> <a href="/2673-7256/4/4/29/pdf?version=1732292536" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="MnOx and Pd Surface Functionalization of TiO2 Thin Films via Photodeposition UV Dose Control" data-journal="photochem"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2673-7256/4/4/29">MnO<sub>x</sub> and Pd Surface Functionalization of TiO<sub>2</sub> Thin Films via Photodeposition UV Dose Control</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Bozhidar I. Stefanov</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Hristo G. Kolev</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Photochem</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>4</em>(4), 474-487; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/photochem4040029">https://doi.org/10.3390/photochem4040029</a> - 22 Nov 2024 </div> <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> This study investigated the influence of the ultraviolet (UV) dose (<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msup><mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">D</mi></mrow><mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">U</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">V</mi></mrow></msup></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>) on the photodeposition of MnO<sub>x</sub> and Pd cocatalysts on 300-nm-thick anatase TiO<sub>2</sub> thin films, which were prepared via sol–gel dip-coating on a glass substrate. MnO<sub>x</sub> <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2673-7256/4/4/29/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> This study investigated the influence of the ultraviolet (UV) dose (<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msup><mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">D</mi></mrow><mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">U</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">V</mi></mrow></msup></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>) on the photodeposition of MnO<sub>x</sub> and Pd cocatalysts on 300-nm-thick anatase TiO<sub>2</sub> thin films, which were prepared via sol–gel dip-coating on a glass substrate. MnO<sub>x</sub> and Pd were photodeposited using increasing UV doses ranging from 5 to 20 J cm<sup>−2</sup>, from 5 mM aqueous electrolytes based on Mn<sup>2+</sup>/IO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> or Pd<sup>2+</sup>, respectively. The effect of the <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msup><mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">D</mi></mrow><mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">U</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">V</mi></mrow></msup></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> on the MnO<sub>x</sub> photodeposition resulted in an increase in Mn<sup>2+</sup> surface content, from 2.7 to 5.2 at.%, as determined using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). For Pd, increasing the UV dose led to a reduction in the oxidation state, transitioning from Pd<sup>2+</sup> to Pd<sup>0</sup>, while the overall Pd surface content range remained relatively steady at 2.2–2.4 at.%. Both MnO<sub>x</sub>/TiO<sub>2</sub> and Pd/TiO<sub>2</sub> exhibited proportional enhancements in photocatalytic activity towards the degradation of methylene blue. Notably, Pd/TiO<sub>2</sub> demonstrated a significant improvement in photocatalytic performance, surpassing that of pristine TiO<sub>2</sub>. In contrast, TiO<sub>2</sub> samples functionalized through wet impregnation and thermal treatment in the same electrolytes showed overall lower photocatalytic activity compared to those functionalized via photodeposition. <a href="/2673-7256/4/4/29">Full article</a> </div> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2673-7256/4/4/29/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1527498"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1527498"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1527498" data-cycle-prev="#prev1527498" data-cycle-progressive="#images1527498" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1527498-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/photochem/photochem-04-00029/article_deploy/html/images/photochem-04-00029-g001-550.jpg?1732292612" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1527498" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1527498-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/photochem/photochem-04-00029/article_deploy/html/images/photochem-04-00029-g002-550.jpg?1732292613'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1527498-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/photochem/photochem-04-00029/article_deploy/html/images/photochem-04-00029-g003-550.jpg?1732292614'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1527498-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/photochem/photochem-04-00029/article_deploy/html/images/photochem-04-00029-g004-550.jpg?1732292617'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-1527498-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/photochem/photochem-04-00029/article_deploy/html/images/photochem-04-00029-g005-550.jpg?1732292620'><p>Figure 5</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='5' data-target='article-1527498-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/photochem/photochem-04-00029/article_deploy/html/images/photochem-04-00029-g006-550.jpg?1732292621'><p>Figure 6</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='6' data-target='article-1527498-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/photochem/photochem-04-00029/article_deploy/html/images/photochem-04-00029-g007-550.jpg?1732292623'><p>Figure 7</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='7' data-target='article-1527498-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/photochem/photochem-04-00029/article_deploy/html/images/photochem-04-00029-g008-550.jpg?1732292625'><p>Figure 8</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='8' data-target='article-1527498-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/photochem/photochem-04-00029/article_deploy/html/images/photochem-04-00029-g009-550.jpg?1732292627'><p>Figure 9</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1527498-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/photochem/photochem-04-00029/article_deploy/html/images/photochem-04-00029-g001-550.jpg?1732292612" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Schematic representation of the experimental protocol used for TiO<sub>2</sub> thin film functionalization in this study, illustrating the two employed routes: photodeposition and thermal wet chemical (incipient wetness) functionalization.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-7256/4/4/29'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/photochem/photochem-04-00029/article_deploy/html/images/photochem-04-00029-g002-550.jpg?1732292613" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>(<b>a</b>) Geometry of the UV photodeposition exposure system. (<b>b</b>) Emission spectrum of the UV LED, with the emission maximum (<math display="inline"><semantics> <mrow> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="sans-serif">λ</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">m</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">a</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">x</mi> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> </semantics></math>) indicated. (<b>c</b>) Variation in the UV emission intensity (<math display="inline"><semantics> <mrow> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">I</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">U</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">V</mi> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> </semantics></math>) and cumulative photodeposition UV dose (<math display="inline"><semantics> <mrow> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">D</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">U</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">V</mi> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> </semantics></math>) rates over a 45 min exposure period.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-7256/4/4/29'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/photochem/photochem-04-00029/article_deploy/html/images/photochem-04-00029-g003-550.jpg?1732292614" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Schematic representation of (<b>a</b>) the photocatalytic reactor setup used for the methylene blue (MB) photocatalytic oxidation (PCO) experiments and (<b>b</b>) an example of a <math display="inline"><semantics> <mrow> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">C</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">M</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">B</mi> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> </semantics></math> concentration profile obtained during MB PCO experiments with pristine TiO<sub>2</sub> films, along with MB photolysis data from blank experiments. Error bars on the <math display="inline"><semantics> <mrow> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">C</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">M</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">B</mi> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> </semantics></math> profile indicate standard errors based on triplicate measurements, demonstrating the reproducibility of the experimental data.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-7256/4/4/29'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/photochem/photochem-04-00029/article_deploy/html/images/photochem-04-00029-g004-550.jpg?1732292617" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>SEM micrographs of (<b>a</b>) the surface morphology and (<b>b</b>) cross-sectional view of the pristine TiO<sub>2</sub> thin film, the surface morphology of the thermally functionalized (<b>c</b>) MnO<sub>x</sub>/TiO<sub>2</sub> and (<b>e</b>) Pd/TiO<sub>2</sub> thin films, and the photodeposition-functionalized (<b>d</b>) MnO<sub>x</sub>/TiO<sub>2</sub> and (<b>f</b>) Pd/TiO<sub>2</sub> catalysts at a UV dose of 20 J cm<sup>−2</sup>.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-7256/4/4/29'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/photochem/photochem-04-00029/article_deploy/html/images/photochem-04-00029-g005-550.jpg?1732292620" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>EDX spectra of (<b>a</b>) MnO<sub>x</sub>/TiO<sub>2</sub> and (<b>c</b>) Pd/TiO<sub>2</sub> films, photodeposition-functionalized at 20 J cm<sup>−2</sup>, along with the corresponding element maps for (<b>b</b>) Mn, Ti, and O in the MnO<sub>x</sub>/TiO<sub>2</sub> case and (<b>d</b>) Pd, Ti, and O in the Pd/TiO<sub>2</sub> case.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-7256/4/4/29'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/photochem/photochem-04-00029/article_deploy/html/images/photochem-04-00029-g006-550.jpg?1732292621" title=" <strong>Figure 6</strong><br/> <p>XRD patterns of the pristine TiO<sub>2</sub> and the MnO<sub>x</sub>- and Pd-functionalized TiO<sub>2</sub> layers, with photodeposition functionalization occurring at a UV dose of 20 J cm<sup>−2</sup>.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-7256/4/4/29'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/photochem/photochem-04-00029/article_deploy/html/images/photochem-04-00029-g007-550.jpg?1732292623" title=" <strong>Figure 7</strong><br/> <p>Comparison of Raman spectra for pristine TiO<sub>2</sub> and layers functionalized through thermal treatment and photodeposition (PD) for (<b>a</b>) MnO<sub>x</sub>/TiO<sub>2</sub> and (<b>b</b>) Pd/TiO<sub>2</sub>.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-7256/4/4/29'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/photochem/photochem-04-00029/article_deploy/html/images/photochem-04-00029-g008-550.jpg?1732292625" title=" <strong>Figure 8</strong><br/> <p>XPS spectra for thermally functionalized and photodeposition-functionalized TiO<sub>2</sub> samples, showing (<b>a</b>) the Mn2p region for MnO<sub>x</sub>/TiO<sub>2</sub> and (<b>b</b>) the Pd3d region for Pd/TiO<sub>2</sub>.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-7256/4/4/29'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/photochem/photochem-04-00029/article_deploy/html/images/photochem-04-00029-g009-550.jpg?1732292627" title=" <strong>Figure 9</strong><br/> <p>Influence of MnO<sub>x</sub>/TiO<sub>2</sub> and Pd/TiO<sub>2</sub> functionalization conditions on (<b>a</b>) the saturation coverage of MB (<math display="inline"><semantics> <mrow> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">θ</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>MB</mi> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> </semantics></math>) and (<b>b</b>) MB PCO rate (<math display="inline"><semantics> <mrow> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">r</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>MB</mi> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> </semantics></math>). Data obtained from triplicate runs. Error bars signify standard error.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2673-7256/4/4/29'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item "> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 9 pages, 306 KiB   </span> <a href="/2673-8236/4/4/18/pdf?version=1732292959" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="‘Optimal’ vs. ‘Suboptimal’ Haemodialysis Start with Central Venous Catheter—A Better Way to Assess a Vascular Access Service?" data-journal="kidneydial"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2673-8236/4/4/18">‘Optimal’ vs. ‘Suboptimal’ Haemodialysis Start with Central Venous Catheter—A Better Way to Assess a Vascular Access Service?</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Michael Corr</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Agnes Masengu</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Damian McGrogan</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Jennifer Hanko</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Kidney Dial.</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>4</em>(4), 214-222; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/kidneydial4040018">https://doi.org/10.3390/kidneydial4040018</a> - 22 Nov 2024 </div> <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> <b>Background</b>: Whether patients commence haemodialysis with a central venous catheter (CVC), or an arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is used to audit the quality of a vascular access service. However, this crude metric of measurement can miss the increasing nuance and complexity of vascular <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2673-8236/4/4/18/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> <b>Background</b>: Whether patients commence haemodialysis with a central venous catheter (CVC), or an arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is used to audit the quality of a vascular access service. However, this crude metric of measurement can miss the increasing nuance and complexity of vascular access planning. We aimed to understand whether commencing haemodialysis with a CVC represented an ‘optimal’ or ‘suboptimal’ outcome and how this could influence the assessment of a vascular access service. <b>Methods</b>: From a prospective clinical database, patients known to nephrology >90 days prior to initiating haemodialysis as first-ever renal replacement therapy (2011–2020) from a single centre were included. <b>Results</b>: A total of 158/254 patients started haemodialysis with a CVC, and 96 with arteriovenous fistula. For 91 patients, the CVC was deemed ‘optimal’ care due to factors such as unpredictable deterioration in renal function (n = 41) and inadequate veins for AVF creation (n = 24). For 67 patients, the CVC was ‘suboptimal’ due to factors such as no/late referral to access assessment (n = 25) and delays in the AVF creation pathway (n = 13). There was no difference in mean survival between the AVF and ‘suboptimal’ groups (2.53 vs. 2.21 years, <i>p </i>= 0.31). There was a survival difference between AVF versus CVC (2.53 vs. 1.97 years, <i>p</i> = 0.002) and ‘suboptimal’ versus ‘optimal’ CVC cohorts (2.21 vs. 1.40 years, <i>p</i> = 0.16). <b>Conclusions</b>: Understanding whether a CVC is ‘optimal’ or ‘suboptimal’ allows a more nuanced analysis of service provision. High mortality in the ‘optimal’ group suggests a frailer cohort where CVC is potentially the best care. Studying ‘suboptimal’ CVC starts helps identify practice and system issues preventing ‘optimal’ care. <a href="/2673-8236/4/4/18">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/kidneydial/special_issues/50HQ003NV0 ">Feature Papers for Kidney and Dialysis: Advances in Nephrology and Dialysis—Series II</a>)<br/> </div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item "> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 2 pages, 244 KiB   </span> <a href="/2673-4079/5/4/18/pdf?version=1732291680" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Sustainable Chemistry: The Future" data-journal="suschem"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Editorial</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2673-4079/5/4/18">Sustainable Chemistry: The Future</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Matthew D. Jones</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Sustain. Chem.</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>5</em>(4), 273-274; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/suschem5040018">https://doi.org/10.3390/suschem5040018</a> - 22 Nov 2024 </div> <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-full inline"> When we watch the news and events around the world, it is almost impossible not to find items related to climate change, energy security or issues around plastic waste in the environment [...] <a href="/2673-4079/5/4/18">Full article</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item "> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 14 pages, 916 KiB   </span> <a href="/2624-8549/6/6/90/pdf?version=1732291971" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Emerging Trends in Skin Anti-Photoaging by Lactic Acid Bacteria: A Focus on Postbiotics" data-journal="chemistry"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Review</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2624-8549/6/6/90">Emerging Trends in Skin Anti-Photoaging by Lactic Acid Bacteria: A Focus on Postbiotics</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Xiangji Jin</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Trang Thi Minh Nguyen</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Eun-Ji Yi</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Qiwen Zheng</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Se-Jig Park</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Gyeong-Seon Yi</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Su-Jin Yang</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Mi-Ju Kim</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Tae-Hoo Yi</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Chemistry</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>6</em>(6), 1495-1508; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/chemistry6060090">https://doi.org/10.3390/chemistry6060090</a> - 22 Nov 2024 </div> <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Background: Reflecting the increasing interest and research on living a healthy life as society ages, there has been a surge in attention and studies on photodamage. Probiotics have been studied for their ability to enhance skin integrity and provide protection from ultraviolet radiation <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2624-8549/6/6/90/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Background: Reflecting the increasing interest and research on living a healthy life as society ages, there has been a surge in attention and studies on photodamage. Probiotics have been studied for their ability to enhance skin integrity and provide protection from ultraviolet radiation (UVR). However, despite this, extensive research has revealed various issues and side effects, prompting increased interest in alternative options that can effectively and safely protect the skin. We focused on postbiotics as a promising solution for photodamage, aiming to demonstrate their potential as a safe and stable alternative to probiotics. Methods: We investigated papers on “skin aging” or “photoaging” and “probiotics” or “postbiotics” from 2013 to 2023 using the Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus. Additionally, we compared and analyzed publications, authors, countries, keywords, and citations using the VOS viewer program. Results: According to our search results, the majority of papers on photodamage and probiotics were published in PubMed, with the United States leading in publication volume among countries. The most common keywords were “photodamage” and “skin”. The most cited paper recorded 470 citations. Furthermore, upon focused analysis of five papers on postbiotics and photodamage, postbiotics demonstrated preventive and protective effects against skin photodamage. Conclusions: Postbiotics for photodamage show potential as a safe and stable alternative to probiotics. However, research on postbiotics and photodamage remains limited, and additional studies and long-term tracking are essential to substantiate our claims. <a href="/2624-8549/6/6/90">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Section <a href="/journal/chemistry/sections/biological_natural_products">Biological and Natural Products</a>)<br/> </div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item "> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 17 pages, 872 KiB   </span> <a href="/2624-7402/6/4/251/pdf?version=1732295056" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Development and Evaluation of a Laser System for Autonomous Weeding Robots" data-journal="agriengineering"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2624-7402/6/4/251">Development and Evaluation of a Laser System for Autonomous Weeding Robots</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Vitali Czymmek</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Jost Völckner</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Stephan Hussmann</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>AgriEngineering</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>6</em>(4), 4425-4441; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/agriengineering6040251">https://doi.org/10.3390/agriengineering6040251</a> - 22 Nov 2024 </div> <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Manual weed control is becoming increasingly costly, necessitating the development of alternative methods. This work investigates the feasibility of using laser technology for autonomous weed regulation. We developed a system utilizing a laser scanner to target and eliminate weeds, which was first tested <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2624-7402/6/4/251/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Manual weed control is becoming increasingly costly, necessitating the development of alternative methods. This work investigates the feasibility of using laser technology for autonomous weed regulation. We developed a system utilizing a laser scanner to target and eliminate weeds, which was first tested using a pilot laser for accuracy and performance. Subsequently, the system was upgraded with a high-power fiber laser. Experimental results demonstrated a high weed destruction accuracy with real-time capabilities. The system achieved efficient weed control with minimal environmental impact, providing a potential alternative for sustainable agriculture. <a href="/2624-7402/6/4/251">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/agriengineering/special_issues/6OJU7YG3BP ">Advancing Smart Farming through Agricultural Robots and Automation Technologies</a>)<br/> </div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item "> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 30 pages, 4682 KiB   </span> <a href="/2571-631X/7/4/58/pdf?version=1732288664" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Novel Nonlinear Suspension Based on Concept of Origami Metastructures: Theoretical and Experimental Investigations" data-journal="vibration"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2571-631X/7/4/58">Novel Nonlinear Suspension Based on Concept of Origami Metastructures: Theoretical and Experimental Investigations</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Antonio Zippo</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Giovanni Iarriccio</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Moslem Molaie</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Francesco Pellicano</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Vibration</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>7</em>(4), 1126-1155; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/vibration7040058">https://doi.org/10.3390/vibration7040058</a> - 22 Nov 2024 </div> <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> This study presents a comprehensive investigation of an innovative mechanical system inspired by recent advancements in metamaterials; more specifically, the work is focused on origami-type structures due to their intriguing mechanical properties. Originating from specific fields such as aerospace for their lightweight and <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2571-631X/7/4/58/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> This study presents a comprehensive investigation of an innovative mechanical system inspired by recent advancements in metamaterials; more specifically, the work is focused on origami-type structures due to their intriguing mechanical properties. Originating from specific fields such as aerospace for their lightweight and foldable characteristics, origami mechanical devices exhibit unique nonlinear stiffness; in particular, when suitably designed, they show Quasi-Zero Stiffness (QZS) characteristics within a specific working range. The QZS property, aligned with the High Static Low Dynamic (HSLD) stiffness concept, suggests promising applications such as a low-frequency mechanical passive vibration isolator. The study explores the vibration isolation characteristics of origami-type suspensions, with a particular emphasis on their potential application as low-frequency passive vibration isolators. The Kresling Origami Module (KOM) has been selected for its compactness and compatibility with 3D printers. A detailed analysis using 3D CAD, Finite Element Analysis, and experimental testing has been carried out. The investigation includes the analysis of the influence of geometric parameters on the nonlinear force–displacement curve. Multibody simulations validate the low-frequency isolation properties within the QZS region, as well as disparities in dynamic properties beyond the QZS range. The study underscores the transformative potential of origami-type metamaterials in enhancing low-frequency vibration isolation technology. It also highlights challenges related to material properties and loading mass variations, providing valuable insights for future developments in this promising field. <a href="/2571-631X/7/4/58">Full article</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item "> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 23 pages, 1715 KiB   </span> <a href="/2504-446X/8/12/701/pdf?version=1732292947" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Research on Particle Swarm Optimization-Based UAV Path Planning Technology in Urban Airspace" data-journal="drones"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2504-446X/8/12/701">Research on Particle Swarm Optimization-Based UAV Path Planning Technology in Urban Airspace</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Qing Cheng</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Zhengyuan Zhang</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Yunfei Du</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Yandong Li</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Drones</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>8</em>(12), 701; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/drones8120701">https://doi.org/10.3390/drones8120701</a> - 22 Nov 2024 </div> <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Urban airspace, characterized by densely packed high-rise buildings, presents complex and dynamically changing environmental conditions. It brings potential risks to UAV flights, such as the risk of collision and accidental entry into no-fly zones. Currently, mainstream path planning algorithms, including the PSO algorithm, <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2504-446X/8/12/701/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Urban airspace, characterized by densely packed high-rise buildings, presents complex and dynamically changing environmental conditions. It brings potential risks to UAV flights, such as the risk of collision and accidental entry into no-fly zones. Currently, mainstream path planning algorithms, including the PSO algorithm, have issues such as a tendency to converge to local optimal solutions and poor stability. In this study, an improved particle swarm optimization algorithm (LGPSO) is proposed to address these problems. This algorithm redefines path planning as an optimization problem, constructing a cost function that incorporates safety requirements and operational constraints for UAVs. Stochastic inertia weights are added to balance the global and local search capabilities. In addition, asymmetric learning factors are introduced to direct the particles more precisely towards the optimal position. An enhanced Lévy flight strategy is used to improve the exploration ability, and a greedy algorithm evaluation strategy is designed to evaluate the path more quickly. The configuration space is efficiently searched using the corresponding particle positions and UAV parameters. The experiments, which involved mapping complex urban environments with 3D modeling tools, were carried out by simulations in MATLAB R2023b to assess their algorithmic performance. The results show that the LGPSO algorithm improves by 23% over the classical PSO algorithm and 18% over the GAPSO algorithm in the optimal path distance under guaranteed security. The LGPSO algorithm shows significant improvements in stability and route planning, providing an effective solution for UAV path planning in complex environments. <a href="/2504-446X/8/12/701">Full article</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item "> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 21 pages, 19993 KiB   </span> <a href="/2504-446X/8/12/700/pdf?version=1732294269" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="UAV Visual Object Tracking Based on Spatio-Temporal Context" data-journal="drones"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2504-446X/8/12/700">UAV Visual Object Tracking Based on Spatio-Temporal Context</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Yongxiang He</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Chuang Chao</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Zhao Zhang</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Hongwu Guo</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Jianjun Ma</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Drones</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>8</em>(12), 700; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/drones8120700">https://doi.org/10.3390/drones8120700</a> - 22 Nov 2024 </div> <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> To balance the real-time and robustness of UAV visual tracking on a single CPU, this paper proposes an object tracker based on spatio-temporal context (STCT). STCT integrates the correlation filter and Siamese network into a unified framework and introduces the target’s motion model, <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2504-446X/8/12/700/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> To balance the real-time and robustness of UAV visual tracking on a single CPU, this paper proposes an object tracker based on spatio-temporal context (STCT). STCT integrates the correlation filter and Siamese network into a unified framework and introduces the target’s motion model, enabling the tracker to adapt to target scale variations and effectively address challenges posed by rapid target motion, etc. Furthermore, a spatio-temporal regularization term based on the dynamic attention mechanism is proposed, and it is introduced into the correlation filter to suppress the aberrance of the response map. The filter solution is provided through the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM). In addition, to ensure efficiency, this paper proposes the average maximum response value-related energy (AMRE) for adaptive tracking state evaluation, which considers the time context of the tracking process in STCT. Experimental results show that the proposed STCT tracker can achieve a favorable balance between tracking robustness and real-time performance for UAV object tracking while running at &sim;38 frames/s on a low-cost CPU. <a href="/2504-446X/8/12/700">Full article</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item "> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 13 pages, 1162 KiB   </span> <a href="/2410-3888/9/12/474/pdf?version=1732292116" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Effects of Transport Stress (Duration and Density) on the Physiological Conditions of Marbled Rockfish (Sebastiscus marmoratus, Cuvier 1829) Juveniles and Water Quality" data-journal="fishes"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2410-3888/9/12/474">Effects of Transport Stress (Duration and Density) on the Physiological Conditions of Marbled Rockfish (<i>Sebastiscus marmoratus</i><i>, </i><i>Cuvier 1829</i>) Juveniles and Water Quality</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Jiahao Wang</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Kaida Xu</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Xinyi Chen</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Haoxue Wang</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Zhe Li</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Fishes</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>9</em>(12), 474; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes9120474">https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes9120474</a> - 22 Nov 2024 </div> <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Live transportation is a critical component of fish farming and hatchery release. To optimize hatchery-release techniques and improve the survival rate of marbled rockfish (<i>Sebastiscus marmoratus</i>, Cuvier 1829) juveniles, the effects of varying transport durations (2, 4, 6, and 8 h) <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/9/12/474/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Live transportation is a critical component of fish farming and hatchery release. To optimize hatchery-release techniques and improve the survival rate of marbled rockfish (<i>Sebastiscus marmoratus</i>, Cuvier 1829) juveniles, the effects of varying transport durations (2, 4, 6, and 8 h) and densities (60, 90, 120, and 150 kg m<sup>−3</sup>) on the physiological indicators of the fish and water quality were investigated under controlled laboratory conditions. We found that as transport duration and density increased, water quality significantly deteriorated, with ammonia nitrogen levels rising and dissolved oxygen content and pH levels decreasing. Physiological indicators including levels of lactate, cortisol, and malondialdehyde and activities of superoxide dismutase, alkaline phosphatase, and glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase notably increased, indicating that the fish experienced heightened stress during transport. Additionally, the mortality rate of juveniles increased significantly with increasing density and transport duration. The high mortality rate might be associated with sustained elevated cortisol levels and liver damage. Our results are helpful for determining the optimal transport conditions for <i>S. marmoratus</i> juveniles and also provide valuable insights for improving transport techniques for other aquatic animal species. <a href="/2410-3888/9/12/474">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/fishes/special_issues/D64H25P833 ">Biodiversity and Spatial Distribution of Fishes, Second Edition</a>)<br/> </div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item "> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <a data-dropdown="drop-supplementary-1527426" aria-controls="drop-supplementary-1527426" aria-expanded="false" title="Supplementary Material"> <i class="material-icons">attachment</i> </a> <div id="drop-supplementary-1527426" class="f-dropdown label__btn__dropdown label__btn__dropdown--wide" data-dropdown-content aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> Supplementary material: <br/> <a href="/2409-515X/10/4/76/s1?version=1732289006"> Supplementary File 1 (ZIP, 12 KiB) </a><br/> </div> </div> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 12 pages, 845 KiB   </span> <a href="/2409-515X/10/4/76/pdf?version=1732289006" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Cystic Fibrosis Screening Efficacy and Seasonal Variation in California: 15-Year Comparison of IRT Cutoffs Versus Daily Percentile for First-Tier Testing" data-journal="IJNS"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2409-515X/10/4/76">Cystic Fibrosis Screening Efficacy and Seasonal Variation in California: 15-Year Comparison of IRT Cutoffs Versus Daily Percentile for First-Tier Testing</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Stanley Sciortino</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Steve Graham</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Tracey Bishop</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Jamie Matteson</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Sarah Carter</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Cindy H. Wu</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Rajesh Sharma</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Int. J. Neonatal Screen.</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>10</em>(4), 76; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/ijns10040076">https://doi.org/10.3390/ijns10040076</a> - 22 Nov 2024 </div> <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> The California Genetic Disease Screening Program (GDSP) employs a fixed immunoreactive trypsinogen (IRT) cutoff followed by molecular testing to screen newborns for cystic fibrosis (CF). The cutoffs approximate a 1.6% yearly IRT screen-positive rate; however, seasonal variation in IRT population means has led <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2409-515X/10/4/76/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> The California Genetic Disease Screening Program (GDSP) employs a fixed immunoreactive trypsinogen (IRT) cutoff followed by molecular testing to screen newborns for cystic fibrosis (CF). The cutoffs approximate a 1.6% yearly IRT screen-positive rate; however, seasonal variation in IRT population means has led us to develop a model to establish fixed IRT cutoffs that anticipate seasonal variation and minimize missed cases below cutoff. We utilized an ARIMA model to fit monthly IRT screen-positive percentiles and estimated regular seasonal expectations. We established a retrospective cohort followed for at least 1.5 years to capture missed false-negative CF cases. We compared missed CF cases identified by seasonal cutoffs vs. floating cutoffs. GDSP screened 7,410,003 newborns, from July 2007 to December 2022, and missed 36 CF cases below the fixed cutoff; five of the 36 were within 3 ng/mL below the cutoff. There was a regular, seasonal cycle that varied from 1.4% in summer to 1.8% in winter. We would have missed 59 CF cases using a 1.6% daily floating cutoff. California would need to use a 4% daily floating cutoff to improve our current detection rate, which would double the number of specimens sent for costly molecular analysis. <a href="/2409-515X/10/4/76">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/IJNS/special_issues/93J7I5CY27 ">Advances in Cystic Fibrosis Newborn Screening: From Laboratory Testing to Diagnosis</a>)<br/> </div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item "> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 24 pages, 3551 KiB   </span> <a href="/2313-7673/9/12/723/pdf?version=1732289010" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Animals as Architects: Building the Future of Technology-Supported Rehabilitation with Biomimetic Principles" data-journal="biomimetics"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Review</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2313-7673/9/12/723">Animals as Architects: Building the Future of Technology-Supported Rehabilitation with Biomimetic Principles</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Bruno Bonnechère</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Biomimetics</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>9</em>(12), 723; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics9120723">https://doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics9120723</a> - 22 Nov 2024 </div> <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Rehabilitation science has evolved significantly with the integration of technology-supported interventions, offering objective assessments, personalized programs, and real-time feedback for patients. Despite these advances, challenges remain in fully addressing the complexities of human recovery through the rehabilitation process. Over the last few years, <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2313-7673/9/12/723/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Rehabilitation science has evolved significantly with the integration of technology-supported interventions, offering objective assessments, personalized programs, and real-time feedback for patients. Despite these advances, challenges remain in fully addressing the complexities of human recovery through the rehabilitation process. Over the last few years, there has been a growing interest in the application of biomimetics to inspire technological innovation. This review explores the application of biomimetic principles in rehabilitation technologies, focusing on the use of animal models to help the design of assistive devices such as robotic exoskeletons, prosthetics, and wearable sensors. Animal locomotion studies have, for example, inspired energy-efficient exoskeletons that mimic natural gait, while insights from neural plasticity research in species like zebrafish and axolotls are advancing regenerative medicine and rehabilitation techniques. Sensory systems in animals, such as the lateral line in fish, have also led to the development of wearable sensors that provide real-time feedback for motor learning. By integrating biomimetic approaches, rehabilitation technologies can better adapt to patient needs, ultimately improving functional outcomes. As the field advances, challenges related to translating animal research to human applications, ethical considerations, and technical barriers must be addressed to unlock the full potential of biomimetic rehabilitation. <a href="/2313-7673/9/12/723">Full article</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item "> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 18 pages, 2376 KiB   </span> <a href="/2313-0105/10/12/409/pdf?version=1732293485" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="A Novel Method for Estimating State of Power of Lithium-Ion Batteries Considering Core Temperature" data-journal="batteries"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2313-0105/10/12/409">A Novel Method for Estimating State of Power of Lithium-Ion Batteries Considering Core Temperature</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Ruixue Zhang</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Keyi Wang</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Zhilong Yu</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Gang Zhao</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Batteries</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>10</em>(12), 409; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries10120409">https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries10120409</a> - 22 Nov 2024 </div> <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Operation above acceptable limits in terms of current, voltage, and temperature can lead to lithium batteries overheating, increasing the risk of thermal runaway, which can also degrade battery materials more quickly, reducing overall lifespan. Estimating the state of power (SOP) of a battery <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2313-0105/10/12/409/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Operation above acceptable limits in terms of current, voltage, and temperature can lead to lithium batteries overheating, increasing the risk of thermal runaway, which can also degrade battery materials more quickly, reducing overall lifespan. Estimating the state of power (SOP) of a battery is necessary for battery safety control and preventing operation above acceptable limits. However, the SOP is influenced by coupled multiple parameters including the state of charge, state of health, and core temperature, which make it challenging to estimate comprehensively. Based on the electro-thermal model, this study proposes a multi-parameter coupled method for comprehensively estimating the SOP considering the core temperature. This method provides a robust approach to accurately assessing the SOP across varying core temperatures, states of charge (SoC), and voltage levels. The combination of maximum likelihood estimation, adaptive genetic algorithms for parameter identification, and the unscented Kalman filter for state estimation was found to enhance the accuracy and robustness of battery models. The results show that the battery core temperature and terminal voltage are important and the main limitation on the SOP, respectively. This study lays a strong foundation for effective energy management and life extension of lithium batteries, particularly in high-temperature environments. <a href="/2313-0105/10/12/409">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Section <a href="/journal/batteries/sections/battery_modelling_simulation_management_and_application">Battery Modelling, Simulation, Management and Application</a>)<br/> </div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item "> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 19 pages, 2853 KiB   </span> <a href="/2309-608X/10/12/812/pdf?version=1732293033" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Clinical Features, Microbiological Characteristics, and Drug Sensitivity Analysis of Rare Human Spinal Pythiosis Strain" data-journal="jof"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2309-608X/10/12/812">Clinical Features, Microbiological Characteristics, and Drug Sensitivity Analysis of Rare Human Spinal Pythiosis Strain</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Mingliang Li</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Donglin Zhu</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Qiuyue Diao</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Xiaoyun Liu</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Xiaogang Bi</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Jianwen Dong</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Jian Sun</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Yun Xi</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Kouxing Zhang</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>J. Fungi</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>10</em>(12), 812; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/jof10120812">https://doi.org/10.3390/jof10120812</a> - 22 Nov 2024 </div> <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Pythiosis, a rare and formidable infectious disease caused by <i>Pythium insidiosum</i>, is characterized by profound uncertainties in achieving definitive diagnoses, suboptimal outcomes, and an exceptionally high mortality rate. Here, we present a rare case of human spinal pythiosis in southern China. With <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/10/12/812/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Pythiosis, a rare and formidable infectious disease caused by <i>Pythium insidiosum</i>, is characterized by profound uncertainties in achieving definitive diagnoses, suboptimal outcomes, and an exceptionally high mortality rate. Here, we present a rare case of human spinal pythiosis in southern China. With advanced metagenomic sequencing technology, <i>Pythium insidiosum</i> was pinpointed as the causative pathogen. We discovered that the inoculation of either tissue fragments or homogenate yielded more successful results and enabled a moderate extension of the culture duration to 5–10 days through an exhaustive comparison of diverse inoculation and culture conditions for general clinical specimens. A pronounced genetic affinity of the isolated strain towards the <i>Pythium insidiosum</i> strain MCC 13 was detected after a comprehensive whole-genome sequencing analysis. Antifungal agents exhibited negligible sensitivity towards <i>Pythium insidiosum</i> in an antimicrobial susceptibility test. Conversely, antibacterial agents such as oxazolidinones, tetracyclines, macrolides, and amphenicols demonstrated varying degrees of sensitivity, albeit with most of their minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) substantially surpassing the safe concentration ranges for effective clinical treatment. Notably, tigecycline stood out as a promising candidate, exhibiting favorable therapeutic effects at moderate concentrations, making it a potential drug of choice for the control of pythiosis. A combined susceptibility test suggested that combinations of tetracyclines with macrolides, oxazolidinones, and amphenicols exhibited synergistic antibacterial effects, with the combination of doxycycline and trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) in particular playing a pivotal role. To our surprise, the MICs of iron chelators, specifically deferiprone and deferoxamine, against the strain were exceedingly low, which led to the speculation that exogenous iron chelators may have competitively inhibited the iron-chelating enzymes of the strain. The research derived from this single, rare case has certain limitations, but considering that there are currently no reports of invasive infections of deep organs in humans caused by <i>Pythium insidiosum</i>, the above findings can offer novel insights into the treatment of invasive pythiosis. Combination therapy based on tetracyclines, especially tigecycline, the use of TMP-SMX, and the adjunctive use of iron chelators, represent promising approaches to tackle the clinical challenges in the treatment of invasive pythiosis. However, further studies, including similar cases of spinal pythiosis and in vivo trials, are still needed to validate them. In addition, while paying attention to the therapeutic potentials of the above plans, we should also closely monitor the risks and side effects that may arise from excessive MICs or the expanded use of related drugs during the treatment process. <a href="/2309-608X/10/12/812">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Section <a href="/journal/jof/sections/fungal_pathogenesis_disease_control">Fungal Pathogenesis and Disease Control</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/10/12/812/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1527508"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1527508"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1527508" data-cycle-prev="#prev1527508" data-cycle-progressive="#images1527508" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1527508-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jof/jof-10-00812/article_deploy/html/images/jof-10-00812-g001-550.jpg?1732293161" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1527508" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1527508-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jof/jof-10-00812/article_deploy/html/images/jof-10-00812-g002-550.jpg?1732293162'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1527508-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jof/jof-10-00812/article_deploy/html/images/jof-10-00812-g003-550.jpg?1732293163'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1527508-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jof/jof-10-00812/article_deploy/html/images/jof-10-00812-g004-550.jpg?1732293165'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-1527508-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jof/jof-10-00812/article_deploy/html/images/jof-10-00812-g005-550.jpg?1732293166'><p>Figure 5</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='5' data-target='article-1527508-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jof/jof-10-00812/article_deploy/html/images/jof-10-00812-g006-550.jpg?1732293167'><p>Figure 6</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1527508-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jof/jof-10-00812/article_deploy/html/images/jof-10-00812-g001-550.jpg?1732293161" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>MRI scan of cervical, thoracic, spine, and lumbar spine. (<b>A</b>) Pre-first surgery (November 2022). (<b>B</b>) Pre-second surgery (December 2022). (<b>C</b>) Pre-third surgery (October 2023). (<b>D</b>) Pre-fourth surgery (January 2024). (<b>E</b>) Follow-up imaging (February 2024).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2309-608X/10/12/812'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jof/jof-10-00812/article_deploy/html/images/jof-10-00812-g002-550.jpg?1732293162" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Flowchart of the diagnosis and treatment.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2309-608X/10/12/812'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jof/jof-10-00812/article_deploy/html/images/jof-10-00812-g003-550.jpg?1732293163" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Microbiological morphology of <span class="html-italic">Pythium insidiosum</span>. (<b>A</b>) Growth curve of the <span class="html-italic">Pythium insidiosum</span> inoculated onto LB agar plates. (<b>B</b>) Morphology of the strain after 4 days of incubation at 37 °C on a 90 mm LB agar plate. (<b>C</b>) Morphology of the mycelium observed under an optical microscope (400×). (<b>D</b>) A lactophenol cotton blue staining image of the mycelium (400×). (<b>E</b>) A fluorescence staining image of the mycelium (400×). (<b>F</b>) Induced zoospore formation in the mycelium observed under an optical microscope (400×). Arrow indicates that the motile spores transformed into spherical shapes, with the loss of flagella.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2309-608X/10/12/812'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jof/jof-10-00812/article_deploy/html/images/jof-10-00812-g004-550.jpg?1732293165" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>Cultivation of <span class="html-italic">Pythium insidiosum</span> (48–72 h). (<b>A</b>) Visible robust colony growth after mycelial plug inoculation. (<b>B</b>) Apparent colony growth after mycelial suspension inoculation. (<b>C</b>) No colony growth observed after spore suspension inoculation. (<b>D</b>) No colony growth observed after streak plate inoculation. (<b>E</b>) No colony growth observed after spread plate inoculation. (<b>F</b>) No colony growth observed after puncture inoculation.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2309-608X/10/12/812'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jof/jof-10-00812/article_deploy/html/images/jof-10-00812-g005-550.jpg?1732293166" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>The coverage map of the <span class="html-italic">Pythium insidiosum</span> strain MCC 13.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2309-608X/10/12/812'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jof/jof-10-00812/article_deploy/html/images/jof-10-00812-g006-550.jpg?1732293167" title=" <strong>Figure 6</strong><br/> <p>Phylogenetic trees show the phylogenetic position of the sample in this study within the evolutionary radiation of the genus <span class="html-italic">Pythium</span>. The highlighted red part represents the strain isolated from tissue biopsy, which showed stronger similarity with the <span class="html-italic">Pythium insidiosum</span> strain MCC 13 through blastn sequence alignment analysis.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2309-608X/10/12/812'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item "> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 15 pages, 3805 KiB   </span> <a href="/2311-7524/10/12/1241/pdf?version=1732293996" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Evaluation of the Genome Size and Ploidy Level of Pears (Pyrus spp.) in Relation to Their Morphological Traits" data-journal="horticulturae"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2311-7524/10/12/1241">Evaluation of the Genome Size and Ploidy Level of Pears (<i>Pyrus</i> spp.) in Relation to Their Morphological Traits</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Jonáš Fiala</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Eliška Zezulová</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Tomáš Nečas</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Horticulturae</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>10</em>(12), 1241; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae10121241">https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae10121241</a> - 22 Nov 2024 </div> <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> In this study, 53 pear genotypes were evaluated, including 19 Asian varieties, 7 botanical species and 13 new interspecific hybrids. The ploidy level and nuclear DNA content were determined by flow cytometry. In addition, the morphological traits and their possible correlations with the <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/10/12/1241/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> In this study, 53 pear genotypes were evaluated, including 19 Asian varieties, 7 botanical species and 13 new interspecific hybrids. The ploidy level and nuclear DNA content were determined by flow cytometry. In addition, the morphological traits and their possible correlations with the genome size were analyzed. One triploid genotype was found. The Asian varieties had a lower average genome size (553.4 Mbp) than the European varieties (564.1 Mbp). The average nuclear DNA content was 1.14 pg/2C for the diploid genotypes and 1.77 pg/2C DNA for the triploids. The Asian varieties had significantly larger leaves than the European ones. <i>Pyrus calleryana</i> had the smallest flowers and <i>P. Caucasica</i> the largest, but the varieties showed no significant differences in flower size. The pollen grain size ranged from 37.7 to 59.0 μm. However, there were no significant correlations between the genotype groups or genome sizes. The Asian cultivars had, on average, smaller stomata (28.4 μm) than the European cultivars (31.6 μm). The largest stomata size was measured for the triploid genotypes (37.9 μm). There was a positive correlation between the genome size and stomatal length and a negative correlation between the genome size and leaf length, leaf width and flower diameter. <a href="/2311-7524/10/12/1241">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Section <a href="/journal/horticulturae/sections/genetics_genomics_breeding_biotechnology">Genetics, Genomics, Breeding, and Biotechnology (G2B2)</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/10/12/1241/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1527513"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1527513"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1527513" data-cycle-prev="#prev1527513" data-cycle-progressive="#images1527513" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1527513-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/horticulturae/horticulturae-10-01241/article_deploy/html/images/horticulturae-10-01241-g001-550.jpg?1732294244" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1527513" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1527513-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/horticulturae/horticulturae-10-01241/article_deploy/html/images/horticulturae-10-01241-g002-550.jpg?1732294245'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1527513-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/horticulturae/horticulturae-10-01241/article_deploy/html/images/horticulturae-10-01241-g003-550.jpg?1732294246'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1527513-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/horticulturae/horticulturae-10-01241/article_deploy/html/images/horticulturae-10-01241-g004-550.jpg?1732294249'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-1527513-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/horticulturae/horticulturae-10-01241/article_deploy/html/images/horticulturae-10-01241-g005-550.jpg?1732294250'><p>Figure 5</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='5' data-target='article-1527513-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/horticulturae/horticulturae-10-01241/article_deploy/html/images/horticulturae-10-01241-g006-550.jpg?1732294251'><p>Figure 6</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='6' data-target='article-1527513-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/horticulturae/horticulturae-10-01241/article_deploy/html/images/horticulturae-10-01241-g007-550.jpg?1732294253'><p>Figure 7</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='7' data-target='article-1527513-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/horticulturae/horticulturae-10-01241/article_deploy/html/images/horticulturae-10-01241-g008-550.jpg?1732294257'><p>Figure 8</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='8' data-target='article-1527513-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/horticulturae/horticulturae-10-01241/article_deploy/html/images/horticulturae-10-01241-g009-550.jpg?1732294258'><p>Figure 9</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='9' data-target='article-1527513-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/horticulturae/horticulturae-10-01241/article_deploy/html/images/horticulturae-10-01241-g010-550.jpg?1732294262'><p>Figure 10</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='10' data-target='article-1527513-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/horticulturae/horticulturae-10-01241/article_deploy/html/images/horticulturae-10-01241-g011-550.jpg?1732294264'><p>Figure 11</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1527513-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/horticulturae/horticulturae-10-01241/article_deploy/html/images/horticulturae-10-01241-g001-550.jpg?1732294244" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p><span class="html-italic">Raphanus sativus</span> as an unsuitable reference for analyzing, <span class="html-italic">Pyrus</span> spp. genome size, (<b>a</b>) Overlapping peaks of the standard <span class="html-italic">Raphanus sativus</span> with a peak of sample of diploid “Talgarskaja krasavica’ and (<b>b</b>) clearly separated peaks of the diploid ‘Elektra’ and the new standard: the triploid ‘Alexander Lucas’.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2311-7524/10/12/1241'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/horticulturae/horticulturae-10-01241/article_deploy/html/images/horticulturae-10-01241-g002-550.jpg?1732294245" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Histograms showing detection of the triploid genotype Hcer3. (<b>a</b>) Overlapping peaks of triploid reference ‘Alexander Luca’ and Hcer3 and (<b>b</b>) separate peaks of diploid ‘Conference’ and triploid hybrid Hcer3.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2311-7524/10/12/1241'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/horticulturae/horticulturae-10-01241/article_deploy/html/images/horticulturae-10-01241-g003-550.jpg?1732294246" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Relative genome size of analyzed genotype groups. ** <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.01.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2311-7524/10/12/1241'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/horticulturae/horticulturae-10-01241/article_deploy/html/images/horticulturae-10-01241-g004-550.jpg?1732294249" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>Characteristics of leaf blades: (<b>a</b>) narrow elliptical leaf of ‘Baoshy’(<span class="html-italic">P. breschneiderii</span>), (<b>b</b>) round serrated leaf of ‘Nutika’ (<span class="html-italic">P. pyrifolia</span>) and (<b>c</b>) elliptical leaf of ‘Conference’ (<span class="html-italic">P. communis</span>).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2311-7524/10/12/1241'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/horticulturae/horticulturae-10-01241/article_deploy/html/images/horticulturae-10-01241-g005-550.jpg?1732294250" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>Average width (<b>a</b>) and length (<b>b</b>) of leaves of the selected genotype groups. ** <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.01.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2311-7524/10/12/1241'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/horticulturae/horticulturae-10-01241/article_deploy/html/images/horticulturae-10-01241-g006-550.jpg?1732294251" title=" <strong>Figure 6</strong><br/> <p>Average length of petioles of the selected genotype groups, ** <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.01.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2311-7524/10/12/1241'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/horticulturae/horticulturae-10-01241/article_deploy/html/images/horticulturae-10-01241-g007-550.jpg?1732294253" title=" <strong>Figure 7</strong><br/> <p>The flower of ‘Karina’ (<b>a</b>) and collection pollen grains (<b>b</b>).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2311-7524/10/12/1241'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/horticulturae/horticulturae-10-01241/article_deploy/html/images/horticulturae-10-01241-g008-550.jpg?1732294257" title=" <strong>Figure 8</strong><br/> <p>Illustration of measurement of the size of the pollen grains: (<b>a</b>) ‘Alexander Lucas’ and (<b>b</b>) “Talgarskaja krasavica’.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2311-7524/10/12/1241'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/horticulturae/horticulturae-10-01241/article_deploy/html/images/horticulturae-10-01241-g009-550.jpg?1732294258" title=" <strong>Figure 9</strong><br/> <p>Average length of stomata of the selected genotype groups. ** <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.01.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2311-7524/10/12/1241'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/horticulturae/horticulturae-10-01241/article_deploy/html/images/horticulturae-10-01241-g010-550.jpg?1732294262" title=" <strong>Figure 10</strong><br/> <p>Microscopic images of the stomata of: (<b>a</b>) ‘Alexander Lucas’ and (<b>b</b>) “Wujiuxiang’.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2311-7524/10/12/1241'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/horticulturae/horticulturae-10-01241/article_deploy/html/images/horticulturae-10-01241-g011-550.jpg?1732294264" title=" <strong>Figure 11</strong><br/> <p>Correlations found between relative genome size (Mbp) and morphological traits in analyzed genotypes: (<b>a</b>) length of the leaves, (<b>b</b>) width of the leaves, (<b>c</b>) diameter of the flowers and (<b>d</b>) length of the stomata. Red lines showing linear correlations (r) and blue circles demonstrating genotypes.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2311-7524/10/12/1241'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item "> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 14 pages, 2722 KiB   </span> <a href="/2309-608X/10/12/811/pdf?version=1732292930" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Screening Aspergillus flavus, Talaromyces purpureogenus, and Trichoderma koningiopsis for Plant-Growth-Promoting Traits: A Study on Phosphate Solubilization, IAA Production, and Siderophore Synthesis" data-journal="jof"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2309-608X/10/12/811">Screening <i>Aspergillus flavus</i>, <i>Talaromyces purpureogenus</i>, and <i>Trichoderma koningiopsis</i> for Plant-Growth-Promoting Traits: A Study on Phosphate Solubilization, IAA Production, and Siderophore Synthesis</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Thabo J. Moropana</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Elbert Lukas Jansen Van Rensburg</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Livhuwani Makulana</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Nkateko N. Phasha</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>J. Fungi</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>10</em>(12), 811; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/jof10120811">https://doi.org/10.3390/jof10120811</a> - 22 Nov 2024 </div> <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> The global rise in population has led to an increased demand for food production, necessitating the adoption of sustainable agricultural practices. Traditional methods often rely on synthetic chemicals that negatively impact both human health and the environment. This study aimed to screen soil <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/10/12/811/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> The global rise in population has led to an increased demand for food production, necessitating the adoption of sustainable agricultural practices. Traditional methods often rely on synthetic chemicals that negatively impact both human health and the environment. This study aimed to screen soil fungal strains for plant-growth-promoting traits, specifically focusing on their ability to solubilize phosphates, produce indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), and synthesize siderophores. Fungal strains were identified using rDNA sequencing of the ITS regions, and their growth-promoting abilities were assessed in vitro. <i>Aspergillus flavus</i> JKJ7, <i>Talaromyces purpureogenus</i> JKJ12, and <i>Trichoderma koningiopsis</i> JKJ18 exhibited varying degrees of phosphate solubilization, with <i>T. purpureogenus</i> JKJ12 solubilizing the highest amount of tricalcium phosphate (TCP), while <i>A. flavus</i> JKJ7 was the most effective in solubilizing phytic acid calcium salt (PCS). In terms of IAA production, <i>A. flavus</i> JKJ7 produced the highest auxin concentration (68.51 mg/L), followed by <i>T. koningiopsis</i> JKJ18 and <i>T. purpureogenus</i> JKJ12. Additionally, <i>A. flavus</i> JKJ7 produced the highest amount of siderophores (83.7%), indicating its potential for improving iron uptake in plants. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) revealed distinct functional capabilities among the strains, particularly in phosphate solubilization and IAA production, suggesting their complementary use in consortium formulations. These results indicate that these fungal strains possess significant plant-growth-promoting traits and could be used as bioinoculants for sustainable agriculture, either as single strains or in combination <a href="/2309-608X/10/12/811">Full article</a> </div> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/10/12/811/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1527505"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1527505"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1527505" data-cycle-prev="#prev1527505" data-cycle-progressive="#images1527505" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1527505-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jof/jof-10-00811/article_deploy/html/images/jof-10-00811-g001-550.jpg?1732293058" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1527505" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1527505-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jof/jof-10-00811/article_deploy/html/images/jof-10-00811-g002-550.jpg?1732293059'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1527505-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jof/jof-10-00811/article_deploy/html/images/jof-10-00811-g003-550.jpg?1732293061'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1527505-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jof/jof-10-00811/article_deploy/html/images/jof-10-00811-g004a-550.jpg?1732293063'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-1527505-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jof/jof-10-00811/article_deploy/html/images/jof-10-00811-g004b-550.jpg?1732293065'><p>Figure 4 Cont.</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='5' data-target='article-1527505-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jof/jof-10-00811/article_deploy/html/images/jof-10-00811-g005-550.jpg?1732293067'><p>Figure 5</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='6' data-target='article-1527505-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jof/jof-10-00811/article_deploy/html/images/jof-10-00811-g006-550.jpg?1732293068'><p>Figure 6</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='7' data-target='article-1527505-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jof/jof-10-00811/article_deploy/html/images/jof-10-00811-g007a-550.jpg?1732293069'><p>Figure 7</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='8' data-target='article-1527505-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jof/jof-10-00811/article_deploy/html/images/jof-10-00811-g007b-550.jpg?1732293070'><p>Figure 7 Cont.</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1527505-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jof/jof-10-00811/article_deploy/html/images/jof-10-00811-g001-550.jpg?1732293058" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Images of the three P-solubilizing fungal isolates grown on YM agar media. The fungal strain <span class="html-italic">A. flavus</span> JKJ7 is represented by image (<b>A</b>), <span class="html-italic">T. purpureogenus</span> JKJ12 is represented by image (<b>B</b>), and <span class="html-italic">T. koningiopsis</span> JKJ18 is represented by image (<b>C</b>).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2309-608X/10/12/811'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jof/jof-10-00811/article_deploy/html/images/jof-10-00811-g002-550.jpg?1732293059" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Neighbor-joining tree deduced using the ITS sequence of the three fungal strains isolated from the soil with reference fungal strains from NCBI. Only branches with more than 50% bootstrap support are shown. <span class="html-italic">S. stipitis</span> NRRL-Y-7124 was used as the out-group.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2309-608X/10/12/811'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jof/jof-10-00811/article_deploy/html/images/jof-10-00811-g003-550.jpg?1732293061" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Solubilization of inorganic (<b>A</b>–<b>E</b>) and organic phosphate (<b>F</b>–<b>J</b>) by the fungal strains in NBRIP agar media supplemented with tricalcium phosphate (inorganic) (TCP) and phytic acid calcium salt (PCS) (organic) as an insoluble phosphate source after six days of culturing (<span class="html-italic">A. flavus</span> JKJ7 (<b>A</b>,<b>F</b>); <span class="html-italic">T. purpureogenus</span> JKJ12 (<b>B</b>,<b>G</b>); <span class="html-italic">T. koningiopsis</span> JKJ18 (<b>C</b>,<b>H</b>); uninoculated controls (<b>E</b>,<b>J</b>); no P solubilization (<b>D</b>,<b>I</b>)). Writings on plates (<b>A</b>–<b>C</b>) denotes strain numbers.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2309-608X/10/12/811'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jof/jof-10-00811/article_deploy/html/images/jof-10-00811-g004a-550.jpg?1732293063" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>Solubilization of inorganic (<b>A</b>) and organic phosphate (<b>B</b>) by the fungal strains in NBRIP media supplemented with tricalcium phosphate (TCP) and phytic acid calcium salt (PCS) as an insoluble phosphate source for six days of culturing (JKJ7—<span class="html-italic">A. flavus</span>; JKJ12—<span class="html-italic">T. purpureogenus</span>; JKJ18—<span class="html-italic">T. koningiopsis</span>). The results are presented as a mean of three repeats and error bars of mean +/− SD.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2309-608X/10/12/811'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jof/jof-10-00811/article_deploy/html/images/jof-10-00811-g004b-550.jpg?1732293065" title=" <strong>Figure 4 Cont.</strong><br/> <p>Solubilization of inorganic (<b>A</b>) and organic phosphate (<b>B</b>) by the fungal strains in NBRIP media supplemented with tricalcium phosphate (TCP) and phytic acid calcium salt (PCS) as an insoluble phosphate source for six days of culturing (JKJ7—<span class="html-italic">A. flavus</span>; JKJ12—<span class="html-italic">T. purpureogenus</span>; JKJ18—<span class="html-italic">T. koningiopsis</span>). The results are presented as a mean of three repeats and error bars of mean +/− SD.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2309-608X/10/12/811'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jof/jof-10-00811/article_deploy/html/images/jof-10-00811-g005-550.jpg?1732293067" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>The production of auxin phytohormone (IAA) by the three fungal strains in YM broth supplemented with L-tryptophan (JKJ7—<span class="html-italic">A. flavus</span>; JKJ12—<span class="html-italic">T. purpureogenus</span>; JKJ18—<span class="html-italic">T. koningiopsis</span>). The results are presented as a mean of three repeats and error bars of mean +/− SD.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2309-608X/10/12/811'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jof/jof-10-00811/article_deploy/html/images/jof-10-00811-g006-550.jpg?1732293068" title=" <strong>Figure 6</strong><br/> <p>The production of iron-chelating molecules, siderophores, by the three selected fungal strains (JKJ7—<span class="html-italic">A. flavus</span>; JKJ12—<span class="html-italic">T. purpureogenus</span>; JKJ18—<span class="html-italic">T. koningiopsis</span>) in a vitamin-free media. The results are presented as a mean of three repeats and error bars of mean +/− SD.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2309-608X/10/12/811'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jof/jof-10-00811/article_deploy/html/images/jof-10-00811-g007a-550.jpg?1732293069" title=" <strong>Figure 7</strong><br/> <p>The Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Graph (<b>A</b>) shows a score plot of the two principal components obtained from the three fungal strains (JKJ7—<span class="html-italic">A. flavus</span>; JKJ12—<span class="html-italic">T. purpureogenus</span>; JKJ18—<span class="html-italic">T. koningiopsis</span>). Graph (<b>B</b>) is a biplot of the two principal components obtained from the four variables (TCP and PCS solubilization; IAA and siderophore production).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2309-608X/10/12/811'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jof/jof-10-00811/article_deploy/html/images/jof-10-00811-g007b-550.jpg?1732293070" title=" <strong>Figure 7 Cont.</strong><br/> <p>The Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Graph (<b>A</b>) shows a score plot of the two principal components obtained from the three fungal strains (JKJ7—<span class="html-italic">A. flavus</span>; JKJ12—<span class="html-italic">T. purpureogenus</span>; JKJ18—<span class="html-italic">T. koningiopsis</span>). Graph (<b>B</b>) is a biplot of the two principal components obtained from the four variables (TCP and PCS solubilization; IAA and siderophore production).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2309-608X/10/12/811'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item "> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 27 pages, 621 KiB   </span> <a href="/2304-8158/13/23/3750/pdf?version=1732292467" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Harnessing Virtual Reality to Influence Attitudes Toward Beef Consumption: The Role of Empathy in Dietary Interventions" data-journal="foods"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2304-8158/13/23/3750">Harnessing Virtual Reality to Influence Attitudes Toward Beef Consumption: The Role of Empathy in Dietary Interventions</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Chia-I Hou</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Jiun-Hao Wang</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Kun-Sun Shiao</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Che Cheng</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Foods</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>13</em>(23), 3750; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/foods13233750">https://doi.org/10.3390/foods13233750</a> - 22 Nov 2024 </div> <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> <b>The </b>excessive consumption of red meat, such as beef, is a growing global health concern linked to increased risks of cancer and cardiovascular diseases. The health consequences associated with red meat consumption were estimated to cost USD 285 billion globally in 2020, accounting <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/13/23/3750/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> <b>The </b>excessive consumption of red meat, such as beef, is a growing global health concern linked to increased risks of cancer and cardiovascular diseases. The health consequences associated with red meat consumption were estimated to cost USD 285 billion globally in 2020, accounting for approximately 0.3% of total health expenditures that year. Understanding the psychological mechanisms behind food choices is crucial for changing consumption habits, fostering healthy behaviors, and achieving sustainable dietary patterns. To address these challenges, this study utilizes virtual reality (VR) as a persuasive tool to examine how empathy, as a psychological mechanism, influences the intention to reduce beef consumption and its impact on dietary attitudes. Using an experimental design with 142 participants, the study found that in the VR context, individuals with higher empathy scores experienced a stronger sense of presence, significantly influencing their attitudes toward beef consumption, mediated by the change in anti-beef-eating attitude (<i>p</i> = 0.029). This suggests that VR can serve as an effective medium to reduce individuals’ willingness to consume beef and consequently prevent health risks associated with excessive meat intake. This study also highlights the importance of considering individual empathy levels when designing VR interventions to maximize their effectiveness and promote healthier dietary habits, ultimately improving public health. However, one limitation of this study is that it only assessed short-term changes in attitudes following the VR intervention, without incorporating long-term follow-ups to determine if these changes are sustained over time. <a href="/2304-8158/13/23/3750">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/foods/special_issues/ZGT74MT4KJ ">Food Choice, Nutrition, and Public Health</a>)<br/> </div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item "> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 11 pages, 880 KiB   </span> <a href="/2304-6732/11/12/1108/pdf?version=1732292408" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Prediction of Power Fluctuations of Gaussian Beams After Transmission Through Turbulent Atmosphere" data-journal="photonics"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Communication</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2304-6732/11/12/1108">Prediction of Power Fluctuations of Gaussian Beams After Transmission Through Turbulent Atmosphere</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Zhihao Wan</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Jiayi Zhu</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Cheng Huang</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Zhimin He</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Jun Zeng</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Fuchang Chen</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Chaoqun Yu</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Yan Li</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Huanting Chen</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Yongtao Zhang</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Jixiong Pu</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Huichuan Lin</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Photonics</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>11</em>(12), 1108; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics11121108">https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics11121108</a> - 22 Nov 2024 </div> <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> As laser beams propagate through free space, power fluctuation occurs due to atmospheric turbulence, which significantly increases the bit error rate of free-space optical communication. If the precise prediction of power fluctuations can be achieved, it will be of great benefit for improving <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6732/11/12/1108/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> As laser beams propagate through free space, power fluctuation occurs due to atmospheric turbulence, which significantly increases the bit error rate of free-space optical communication. If the precise prediction of power fluctuations can be achieved, it will be of great benefit for improving communication efficiency. To achieve this goal, this paper proposes a novel Time Series Long Short-Term Memory Fully Connected Processing Network (TSLSTMFCPN), which consists of two long short-term memory (LSTM) network layers and a fully connected layer, for predicting the power fluctuations of laser beams caused by atmospheric turbulence. The experimental results show that the mean absolute percentage error of the TSLSTMFCPN in predicting laser power fluctuations is only 1.2%. This result indicates that this model can accurately predict the laser power fluctuations caused by atmospheric turbulence. Our results are expected to be applied in free-space optical communication systems and imaging laser radar system. <a href="/2304-6732/11/12/1108">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/photonics/special_issues/H140K31U5H ">Laser Beam Propagation and Control</a>)<br/> </div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item "> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <a data-dropdown="drop-supplementary-1527447" aria-controls="drop-supplementary-1527447" aria-expanded="false" title="Supplementary Material"> <i class="material-icons">attachment</i> </a> <div id="drop-supplementary-1527447" class="f-dropdown label__btn__dropdown label__btn__dropdown--wide" data-dropdown-content aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> Supplementary material: <br/> <a href="/2304-6732/11/12/1107/s1?version=1732289910"> Supplementary File 1 (ZIP, 168 KiB) </a><br/> </div> </div> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 15 pages, 2612 KiB   </span> <a href="/2304-6732/11/12/1107/pdf?version=1732289910" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Modeling of Complex Integrated Photonic Resonators Using the Scattering Matrix Method" data-journal="photonics"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2304-6732/11/12/1107">Modeling of Complex Integrated Photonic Resonators Using the Scattering Matrix Method</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Di Jin</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Sian Ren</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Junkai Hu</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Duan Huang</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>David J. Moss</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Jiayang Wu</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Photonics</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>11</em>(12), 1107; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics11121107">https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics11121107</a> - 22 Nov 2024 </div> <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> We propose a universal approach for modeling complex integrated photonic resonators based on the scattering matrix method. By dividing devices into basic elements including directional couplers and connecting waveguides, our approach can be used to model integrated photonic resonators with both unidirectional and <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6732/11/12/1107/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> We propose a universal approach for modeling complex integrated photonic resonators based on the scattering matrix method. By dividing devices into basic elements including directional couplers and connecting waveguides, our approach can be used to model integrated photonic resonators with both unidirectional and bidirectional light propagation, with the simulated spectral response showing good agreement with experimental results. A simplified form of our approach, which divides devices into several independent submodules such as microring resonators and Sagnac interferometers, is also introduced to streamline the calculation of spectral transfer functions. Finally, we discuss the deviations introduced by approximations in our modeling, along with strategies for improving modeling accuracy. Our approach is universal across different integrated platforms, providing a useful tool for designing and optimizing integrated photonic devices with complex configurations. <a href="/2304-6732/11/12/1107">Full article</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item "> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 4 pages, 141 KiB   </span> <a href="/2304-6732/11/12/1106/pdf?version=1732289434" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Advancing the Frontier of Photonics: Exploring Micro–Nano Optical Devices—An Overview of the Special Issue on Micro–Nano Optical Devices" data-journal="photonics"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Editorial</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2304-6732/11/12/1106">Advancing the Frontier of Photonics: Exploring Micro–Nano Optical Devices—An Overview of the Special Issue on Micro–Nano Optical Devices</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Yanfeng Zhang</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Yan Shen</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Photonics</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>11</em>(12), 1106; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics11121106">https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics11121106</a> - 22 Nov 2024 </div> <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-full inline"> The relentless pursuit of miniaturization in the field of photonics has led to the emergence of micro–nano optical devices as a cornerstone of modern technology [...] <a href="/2304-6732/11/12/1106">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/photonics/special_issues/K3T8MIRJWP ">Micro-Nano Optical Devices</a>)<br/> </div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item "> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <a data-dropdown="drop-supplementary-1527442" aria-controls="drop-supplementary-1527442" aria-expanded="false" title="Supplementary Material"> <i class="material-icons">attachment</i> </a> <div id="drop-supplementary-1527442" class="f-dropdown label__btn__dropdown label__btn__dropdown--wide" data-dropdown-content aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> Supplementary material: <br/> <a href="/2227-9032/12/23/2338/s1?version=1732289754"> Supplementary File 1 (ZIP, 90 KiB) </a><br/> </div> </div> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 18 pages, 288 KiB   </span> <a href="/2227-9032/12/23/2338/pdf?version=1732289754" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Understanding the Landscape of Cancer Care in Europe: Evaluating Clinical and Comprehensive Cancer Centers" data-journal="healthcare"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2227-9032/12/23/2338">Understanding the Landscape of Cancer Care in Europe: Evaluating Clinical and Comprehensive Cancer Centers</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Denis Horgan</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Marc Van den Bulcke</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Núria Malats</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Ruggero de Maria</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>France Dube</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Jaya Singh</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Paul Hofman</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Imran Omar</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Umberto Malapelle</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Tanya Hills</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Francesco Pepe</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Vivek Subbiah</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Healthcare</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>12</em>(23), 2338; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12232338">https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12232338</a> - 22 Nov 2024 </div> <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Background: A comparison of the operations of Clinical Cancer Centers and Comprehensive Cancer Centers across Europe provides novel data on the interrelation between different factors in care delivery. Method: The analysis is based on a survey of key dimensions in care delivery, comparing <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9032/12/23/2338/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Background: A comparison of the operations of Clinical Cancer Centers and Comprehensive Cancer Centers across Europe provides novel data on the interrelation between different factors in care delivery. Method: The analysis is based on a survey of key dimensions in care delivery, comparing routine treatment, advanced technology integration, research participation, and innovation adoption across the two types of centers. Results: Clinical Cancer Centers excel in providing routine cancer treatment through multidisciplinary teams but struggle with advanced technology integration and research participation. In contrast, Comprehensive Cancer Centers offer robust infrastructure and focus on research, advanced diagnostics, and innovative therapies, yet they face challenges in fully integrating these technologies into patient care. Conclusion: Collaboration between the two types of centers could enhance overall cancer care effectiveness, leveraging the routine efficiency of Clinical Centers and the innovative capabilities of Comprehensive Centers. By addressing gaps in technology adoption, supportive care integration, and research involvement, a more holistic cancer care network can be established, ensuring that patients across Europe access both foundational care and the latest therapeutic options. <a href="/2227-9032/12/23/2338">Full article</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item "> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <a data-dropdown="drop-supplementary-1527417" aria-controls="drop-supplementary-1527417" aria-expanded="false" title="Supplementary Material"> <i class="material-icons">attachment</i> </a> <div id="drop-supplementary-1527417" class="f-dropdown label__btn__dropdown label__btn__dropdown--wide" data-dropdown-content aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> Supplementary material: <br/> <a href="/2227-9032/12/23/2337/s1?version=1732288732"> Supplementary File 1 (ZIP, 165 KiB) </a><br/> </div> </div> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 26 pages, 793 KiB   </span> <a href="/2227-9032/12/23/2337/pdf?version=1732288731" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Nurse-Led Interventions for Improving Medication Adherence in Chronic Diseases: A Systematic Review" data-journal="healthcare"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Systematic Review</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2227-9032/12/23/2337">Nurse-Led Interventions for Improving Medication Adherence in Chronic Diseases: A Systematic Review</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Daniela Berardinelli</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Alessio Conti</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Anis Hasnaoui</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Elena Casabona</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Barbara Martin</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Sara Campagna</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Valerio Dimonte</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Healthcare</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>12</em>(23), 2337; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12232337">https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12232337</a> - 22 Nov 2024 </div> <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> <b>Background</b>: Poor medication adherence results in negative health outcomes and increased healthcare costs. Several healthcare professionals provide interventions to improve medication adherence, with the effectiveness of nurse-led interventions in people with chronic diseases remaining unclear. <b>Objective</b>: This study sought to evaluate <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9032/12/23/2337/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> <b>Background</b>: Poor medication adherence results in negative health outcomes and increased healthcare costs. Several healthcare professionals provide interventions to improve medication adherence, with the effectiveness of nurse-led interventions in people with chronic diseases remaining unclear. <b>Objective</b>: This study sought to evaluate the effectiveness of nurse-led interventions for improving medication adherence in adults with chronic conditions. <b>Methods</b>: Five databases (MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, SCOPUS) were searched without applying a temporal limit. Studies evaluating the effects of nurse-led interventions on medication adherence in adults with one or multiple chronic conditions were included. Interventions only targeting a single acute disease were excluded. <b>Results</b>: A total of twenty-two studies with 5975 participants were included. Statistically significant improvements in adherence were reported in five out of seven studies involving face-to-face visits to patients with heart failure (n = 2), chronic myeloid leukemia (n = 1), hypertension (n = 1) and multimorbidity (n = 1) and in four out of nine studies adopting a mixed method involving face-to-face visits and telephone follow-up for patients with heart failure (n = 1), hypertension (n = 1), coronary disease (n = 1) and multimorbidity (n = 1). Remote interventions were effective in improving medication adherence in one out of six studies. No statistically significant differences were found between tablet computer-based patient education and nurse-led educational sessions. The motivational approach was found to be one of the most common strategies used to promote patient medication adherence. <b>Conclusions</b>: Nurse-led face-to-face visits may be effective in improving medication adherence in people with chronic diseases. However, further research is needed because current methods for measuring medication adherence may not accurately capture patient behaviour and medication consumption patterns. <a href="/2227-9032/12/23/2337">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/healthcare/special_issues/78M678E000 ">Research, Education, Workforce, and Regulation to Transforming Nursing Practice and Leadership: The Future of Nursing</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9032/12/23/2337/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1527417"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1527417"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1527417" data-cycle-prev="#prev1527417" data-cycle-progressive="#images1527417" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1527417-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/healthcare/healthcare-12-02337/article_deploy/html/images/healthcare-12-02337-g001-550.jpg?1732288839" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1527417" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1527417-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/healthcare/healthcare-12-02337/article_deploy/html/images/healthcare-12-02337-g002-550.jpg?1732288841'><p>Figure 2</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1527417-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/healthcare/healthcare-12-02337/article_deploy/html/images/healthcare-12-02337-g001-550.jpg?1732288839" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Flow diagram of the study selection.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2227-9032/12/23/2337'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/healthcare/healthcare-12-02337/article_deploy/html/images/healthcare-12-02337-g002-550.jpg?1732288841" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Bias assessment of the selected studies. Symbols and colours represent the risk-of-bias assessment for individual studies: “+” (green) indicates low risk of bias, “!” (yellow) indicates unclear risk of bias, and “-“ (red) indicates high risk of bias.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2227-9032/12/23/2337'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item "> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 11 pages, 285 KiB   </span> <a href="/2227-7390/12/23/3668/pdf?version=1732289701" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Existence, Nonexistence and Multiplicity of Positive Solutions for Generalized Laplacian Problems with a Parameter" data-journal="mathematics"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label feature" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-feature" aria-expanded="false">Feature Paper</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2227-7390/12/23/3668">Existence, Nonexistence and Multiplicity of Positive Solutions for Generalized Laplacian Problems with a Parameter</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Jeongmi Jeong</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Chan-Gyun Kim</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Mathematics</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>12</em>(23), 3668; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/math12233668">https://doi.org/10.3390/math12233668</a> - 22 Nov 2024 </div> <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> We investigate the homogeneous Dirichlet boundary value problem for generalized Laplacian equations with a singular, potentially non-integrable weight. By examining asymptotic behaviors of the nonlinear term near 0 and <i>∞</i>, we establish the existence, nonexistence, and multiplicity of positive solutions for all <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/12/23/3668/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> We investigate the homogeneous Dirichlet boundary value problem for generalized Laplacian equations with a singular, potentially non-integrable weight. By examining asymptotic behaviors of the nonlinear term near 0 and <i>∞</i>, we establish the existence, nonexistence, and multiplicity of positive solutions for all positive values of the parameter <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi>λ</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula>. Our proofs rely on the fixed point theorem concerning cone expansion and compression of norm type and the Leray–Schauder’s fixed point theorem. <a href="/2227-7390/12/23/3668">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Section <a href="/journal/mathematics/sections/difference_differential_equations">Difference and Differential Equations</a>)<br/> </div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item "> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <a data-dropdown="drop-supplementary-1527486" aria-controls="drop-supplementary-1527486" aria-expanded="false" title="Supplementary Material"> <i class="material-icons">attachment</i> </a> <div id="drop-supplementary-1527486" class="f-dropdown label__btn__dropdown label__btn__dropdown--wide" data-dropdown-content aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> Supplementary material: <br/> <a href="/2223-7747/13/23/3290/s1?version=1732292178"> Supplementary File 1 (ZIP, 425 KiB) </a><br/> </div> </div> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 13 pages, 1941 KiB   </span> <a href="/2223-7747/13/23/3290/pdf?version=1732292177" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Agrobacterium-Mediated Transient Expression Methods to Validate Gene Functions in Strawberry (F. × ananassa)" data-journal="plants"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Protocol</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2223-7747/13/23/3290"><i>Agrobacterium</i>-Mediated Transient Expression Methods to Validate Gene Functions in Strawberry (<i>F.</i> × <i>ananassa</i>)</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Yoon Jeong Jang</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Hyeondae Han</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Seonghee Lee</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Plants</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>13</em>(23), 3290; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13233290">https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13233290</a> - 22 Nov 2024 </div> <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Understanding gene function is important for crop improvement and breeding efforts, especially in a genetically complex polyploid plant species such as the octoploid strawberry. <i>Agrobacterium</i>-mediated transient assays are a widely used tool for investigating gene functions and offer a reliable alternative to <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/13/23/3290/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Understanding gene function is important for crop improvement and breeding efforts, especially in a genetically complex polyploid plant species such as the octoploid strawberry. <i>Agrobacterium</i>-mediated transient assays are a widely used tool for investigating gene functions and offer a reliable alternative to stable transformation. However, variability in tissue-specific responses and inconsistent applicability of <i>Agrobacterium</i>-mediated transient assay across diverse plant species can be challenging. In this study, we provide a method utilizing <i>Agrobacterium</i>-mediated transient expression to examine the function of genes in octoploid strawberry. Our approach encompasses leaf, root, and fruit tissues, providing a comprehensive strategy for validating gene functions in strawberries. Through meticulous optimization and validation in planta, this method offers valuable insights into gene function in strawberry functional genomics and genetics research. By addressing tissue-specific variability, our methodology serves as a valuable technical resource that could facilitate advancements in identifying gene functions in octoploid strawberry. <a href="/2223-7747/13/23/3290">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Section <a href="/journal/plants/sections/Plant_Genetics">Plant Genetics, Genomics and Biotechnology</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/13/23/3290/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1527486"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1527486"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1527486" data-cycle-prev="#prev1527486" data-cycle-progressive="#images1527486" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1527486-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/plants/plants-13-03290/article_deploy/html/images/plants-13-03290-g001-550.jpg?1732292254" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1527486" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1527486-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/plants/plants-13-03290/article_deploy/html/images/plants-13-03290-g002-550.jpg?1732292255'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1527486-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/plants/plants-13-03290/article_deploy/html/images/plants-13-03290-g003-550.jpg?1732292256'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1527486-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/plants/plants-13-03290/article_deploy/html/images/plants-13-03290-g004-550.jpg?1732292258'><p>Figure 4</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1527486-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/plants/plants-13-03290/article_deploy/html/images/plants-13-03290-g001-550.jpg?1732292254" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>A schematic diagram illustrating the transient assay process. The top section outlines the growth process of <span class="html-italic">Agrobacterium</span>, including pre-culture and large-scale culture, followed by the harvesting of <span class="html-italic">Agrobacterium</span> cells and resuspension in an activation buffer. A schematic diagram illustrating the inoculation methods for each strawberry tissue. For fruit, <span class="html-italic">Agrobacterium</span> infiltration is performed using a syringe, while for leaf, root, and crown tissues, vacuum infiltration is employed.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2223-7747/13/23/3290'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/plants/plants-13-03290/article_deploy/html/images/plants-13-03290-g002-550.jpg?1732292255" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>RNAi-mediated transient assay endogene silencing of ANS and DFR in strawberry fruits. (<b>A</b>) Developmental stages of the cultivar ‘Florida Brilliance’ (<span class="html-italic">Fragaria</span> × <span class="html-italic">ananassa</span>): small green (SG), medium green (MG), large green (LG), greenish-white (GW), turning red (TR), and red (R). Scale bar indicates 2 cm. (<b>B</b>) The phenotypes of fruits agroinfiltrated with pK7GWIWG2 (empty vector), pK7GWIWG2::<span class="html-italic">ANS</span>, or pK7GWIWG2::<span class="html-italic">DFR</span> are shown. (<b>C</b>) This figure illustrates the confirmation of stage-specific silencing at the LG and GW stages, targeting two genes, <span class="html-italic">ANS</span> and <span class="html-italic">DFR</span>, involved in the anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway. The dotted arrows represent the consecutive steps in the pathway from phenylalanine to dihydroflavonol, while solid arrows indicate direct transitions to the subsequent steps from dihydroflavonol.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2223-7747/13/23/3290'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/plants/plants-13-03290/article_deploy/html/images/plants-13-03290-g003-550.jpg?1732292256" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>RNAi-mediated transient knockdown of EDR1 in strawberry leaves. (<b>A</b>) RNAi-mediated knockdown transient leaf assay and disease phenotypes after infection of <span class="html-italic">Neopestalotiopsis</span> spp. at 7 days post-inoculation (dpi): pK7GWIWG2 empty vector and pK7GWIWG2::<span class="html-italic">EDR1</span>. Scale bar: 2 cm. (<b>B</b>) Disease severity incidence (%) in strawberry leaves from RNAi experiments was quantified using ImageJ software (version 1.54 g) for image data analysis. Statistical comparisons were conducted with one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s HSD post hoc test to assess treatment means, with significance denoted by different letters (‘a’ and ‘b’) for groups (<span class="html-italic">p</span> ≤ 0.05). The X-axis represents <span class="html-italic">Agrobacterium</span>-transfected plants, including pK7GWIWG2 (EV) and pK7GWIWG2::<span class="html-italic">EDR1</span> (<span class="html-italic">EDR1</span>-KD), while the Y-axis shows disease severity incidence (%). (<b>C</b>) qRT-PCR analysis was performed to evaluate the gene expression of EDR1 in RNAi-mediated knockdown plants compared with control plants (EV). The X-axis represents <span class="html-italic">Agrobacterium</span>-transfected plants, including EV and <span class="html-italic">EDR1</span>-KD, while the Y-axis indicates the relative expression level. An asterisk (*) denotes a significant difference according to the standard deviation test: * <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2223-7747/13/23/3290'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/plants/plants-13-03290/article_deploy/html/images/plants-13-03290-g004-550.jpg?1732292258" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>RNAi-mediated transient knockdown of <span class="html-italic">WAK1</span> and <span class="html-italic">CNGC1</span> in strawberry crown and root. (<b>A</b>) Transient crown and root assay showing <span class="html-italic">Phytophthora cactorum</span> infection 17 days post-inoculation (dpi) in strawberry crowns infiltrated with RNAi constructs of <span class="html-italic">WAK1</span>, <span class="html-italic">CNGC1</span>, and an empty vector control. Scale bar: 2 cm. (<b>B</b>) Disease severity incidence (%) in strawberry crown and root assay from RNAi experiments was quantified using ImageJ software for image data analysis. Statistical comparisons were conducted with one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s HSD post hoc test to assess treatment means, with significance denoted by different letters (‘a’ and ‘b’) for groups (<span class="html-italic">p</span> ≤ 0.05). The X-axis represents <span class="html-italic">Agrobacterium</span>-transfected plants, pK7GWIWG2 (EV), pK7GWIWG2::<span class="html-italic">WAK1</span> (<span class="html-italic">WAK1</span>-KD), and pK7GWIWG2::<span class="html-italic">CNGC1</span> (<span class="html-italic">CNGC1</span>-KD), while the Y-axis indicates disease severity incidence (%). (<b>C</b>) qRT-PCR analysis was performed to determine the gene expression of <span class="html-italic">WAK1</span> and <span class="html-italic">CNGC1</span> in RNAi-mediated knockdown and control plants (EV). The X-axis represents <span class="html-italic">Agrobacterium</span>-transfected plants, EV, <span class="html-italic">WAK1</span>-KD, and <span class="html-italic">CNGC1</span>-KD, while the Y-axis indicates the relative expression level. An asterisk (*) denotes a significant difference according to the standard deviation test: * <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2223-7747/13/23/3290'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item last-item"> <a class="bold" href="/search?sort=pubdate&page_count=50">More Articles...</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="left-column" class="content__column large-3 large-pull-6 medium-3 medium-pull-6 small-12 columns"> <div id="js-large-main-top-container"> <div id="js-main-top-container" class="content__container top-border"> <h1 class="show-for-medium-up display-as-h2"> Open Access Journals </h1> <div class="box_content" style="padding-bottom: 10px;"> <select id="js-home-journal-select" class="chosen-select" data-placeholder="Find Journal..."> <option value="empty"> </option> <option value="acoustics">Acoustics</option> <option 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position: relative;"> <a href="/subject/bio-life"> Biology & Life Sciences </a> </li> <li class="side-menu-li" style="line-height: 18px; position: relative;"> <a href="/subject/business-econ"> Business & Economics </a> </li> <li class="side-menu-li" style="line-height: 18px; position: relative;"> <a href="/subject/chem-materials"> Chemistry & Materials Science </a> </li> <li class="side-menu-li" style="line-height: 18px; position: relative;"> <a href="/subject/computer-math"> Computer Science & Mathematics </a> </li> <li class="side-menu-li" style="line-height: 18px; position: relative;"> <a href="/subject/engineering"> Engineering </a> </li> <li class="side-menu-li" style="line-height: 18px; position: relative;"> <a href="/subject/environment"> Environmental & Earth Sciences </a> </li> <li class="side-menu-li" style="line-height: 18px; position: relative;"> <a href="/subject/med-pharma"> Medicine & Pharmacology </a> </li> <li class="side-menu-li" style="line-height: 18px; position: relative;"> <a href="/subject/physics-astronomy"> Physical Sciences </a> </li> <li class="side-menu-li" style="line-height: 18px; position: relative;"> <a href="/subject/health"> Public Health & Healthcare </a> </li> <li class="side-menu-li" style="line-height: 18px; position: relative;"> <a href="/subject/arts-humanity"> Social Sciences, Arts and Humanities </a> </li> </ul> <a href="#" class="bolded-text link-browse-by show-for-small" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> <span class="closed">►</span> <span class="open" style="display: none;">▼</span> Selected Journals </a> <ul id="index-journals" class="hidden"> <li> <a href="/journal/ijms"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/ijms-logo-sq.png?41930e44070e4940" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> IJMS <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">4.9</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/applsci"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/applsci-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Applied Sciences <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">2.5</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/sustainability"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/sustainability-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Sustainability <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">3.3</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/jcm"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/jcm-logo-sq.png?6922832c4f546280" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> JCM <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">3.0</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/sensors"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/sensors-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Sensors <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">3.4</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/energies"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/energies-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Energies <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">3.0</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/molecules"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/molecules-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Molecules <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">4.2</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/materials"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/materials-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Materials <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">3.1</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/nutrients"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/nutrients-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Nutrients <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">4.8</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/remotesensing"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/remotesensing-logo-sq.png?33ab614e9661caf2" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Remote Sensing <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">4.2</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/electronics"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/electronics-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Electronics <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">2.6</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/buildings"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/buildings-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Buildings <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">3.1</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/foods"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/foods-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Foods <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">4.7</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/mathematics"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/mathematics-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Mathematics <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">2.3</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/cancers"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/cancers-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Cancers <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">4.5</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/water"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/water-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Water <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">3.0</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/plants"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/plants-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Plants <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">4.0</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/animals"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/animals-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Animals <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">2.7</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/polymers"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/polymers-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Polymers <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">4.7</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/agronomy"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/agronomy-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Agronomy <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">3.3</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/processes"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/processes-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Processes <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">2.8</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/biomedicines"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/biomedicines-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Biomedicines <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">3.9</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/diagnostics"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/diagnostics-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Diagnostics <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">3.0</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/agriculture"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/agriculture-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Agriculture <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">3.3</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/jmse"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/jmse-logo-sq.png?7a9fe15cd28a3a0d" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> JMSE <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">2.7</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/healthcare"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/healthcare-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Healthcare <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">2.4</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/microorganisms"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/microorganisms-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Microorganisms <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">4.1</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/land"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/land-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Land <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">3.2</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/forests"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/forests-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Forests <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">2.4</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/medicina"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/medicina-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Medicina <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">2.4</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/nanomaterials"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/nanomaterials-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Nanomaterials <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">4.4</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/cells"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/cells-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Cells <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">5.1</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/viruses"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/viruses-logo-sq.png?9dcd988b1d672389" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Viruses <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">3.8</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/symmetry"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/symmetry-logo-sq.png?2c65edf82f527115" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Symmetry <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">2.2</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/life"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/life-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Life <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">3.2</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/pharmaceuticals"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/pharmaceuticals-logo-sq.png?746b14512b967404" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Pharmaceuticals <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">4.3</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/biomolecules"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/biomolecules-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Biomolecules <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">4.8</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/ijerph"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/ijerph-logo-sq.png?f4a7c3c190986910" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> IJERPH </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/antioxidants"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/antioxidants-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Antioxidants <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">6.0</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/coatings"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/coatings-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Coatings <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">2.9</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/religions"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/religions-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Religions <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">0.7</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/behavsci"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/behavsci-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Behavioral Sciences <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">2.5</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/genes"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/genes-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Genes <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">2.8</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/children"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/children-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Children <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">2.0</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/atmosphere"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/atmosphere-logo-sq.png?88fe2866c16662af" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Atmosphere <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">2.5</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/metals"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/metals-logo-sq.png?e13532d60707dc57" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Metals <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">2.6</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/education"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/education-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Education Sciences <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">2.5</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/vaccines"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/vaccines-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Vaccines <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">5.2</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/pharmaceutics"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/pharmaceutics-logo-sq.png?12ec7dfd193b82bf" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Pharmaceutics <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">4.9</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/horticulturae"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/horticulturae-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Horticulturae <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">3.1</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/micromachines"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/micromachines-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Micromachines <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">3.0</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/minerals"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/minerals-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Minerals <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">2.2</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/brainsci"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/brainsci-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Brain Sciences <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">2.7</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/bioengineering"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/bioengineering-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Bioengineering <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">3.8</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/biology"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/biology-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Biology <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">3.6</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/antibiotics"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/antibiotics-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Antibiotics <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">4.3</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/entropy"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/entropy-logo-sq.png?8600e93ff98dbf14" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Entropy <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">2.1</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/pathogens"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/pathogens-logo-sq.png?5e90221cc618abf2" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Pathogens <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">3.3</span> </span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/journal/photonics"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/journals/photonics-logo-sq.png?8f2b3fc8179503ee" alt="" border="0" style="max-width: 100%; max-height: 50px; height: auto;"> Photonics <span class="impact-factor"> IMPACT<br/> FACTOR<br/> <span class="if" style="font-family: Suisse Intl;">2.1</span> </span> </a> </li> </ul> <div class="generic-item last-item no-border"> <a class="bold" href="/about/journals">Explore All Journals...</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="content__container extending-content" data-url="/ajax_subject_most_accessed_articles" data-min-shown-items="1"> <div class="custom-accordion-for-small-screen-link"> <h2>Highly Accessed Articles</h2> </div> <div class="target-item custom-accordion-for-small-screen-content show-for-medium-up"></div> </div> <div class="content__container extending-content" data-url="/ajax_latest_books"> <div class="custom-accordion-for-small-screen-link"> <h2 class="show-for-small-only">Latest Books</h2> </div> <div class="target-item custom-accordion-for-small-screen-content show-for-medium-up"> <img src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/img/design/books_logo_new.svg?76e680e5363e99ba?1732286508"> <div class="generic-item last-item"> <a class="bold" href="https://www.mdpi.com/books">More Books and Reprints...</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="right-column" class="content__column large-25 medium-3 small-12 columns" data-equalizer-watch> <div class="content__container top-border"> <div class="custom-accordion-for-small-screen-link"> <h2>News</h2> </div> <div class="custom-accordion-for-small-screen-content show-for-medium-up"> <div class="generic-item news-item no-border"> <span class="text-information">19 November 2024</span> <br/> <a class="title-link" href="/about/announcements/9797"> <em>NeuroSci</em> Accepted into PMC and PubMed </a> </div> <div class="generic-item news-item "> <span class="text-information">15 November 2024</span> <br/> <a class="title-link" href="/about/announcements/9772"> Prof. Dr. A. 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