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type="search" name="search" placeholder="Rechercher sur Wikipédia" aria-label="Rechercher sur Wikipédia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Rechercher sur Wikipédia [f]" accesskey="f"> <span class="search-box-icon-overlay"><span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--search"></span> </span> </div><button id="searchIcon" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet skin-minerva-search-trigger"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--search"></span> <span>Rechercher</span> </button> </form> <nav class="minerva-user-navigation" aria-label="Navigation utilisateur"> </nav> </div> </header> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <div class="banner-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="pre-content heading-holder"> <div class="page-heading"> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Gopher</span></h1> <div class="tagline"></div> </div> <nav class="page-actions-menu"> <ul id="p-views" 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class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--star"></span> <span>Suivre</span> </a></li> <li id="page-actions-edit" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"><a role="button" id="ca-edit" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Gopher&action=edit&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-event-name="menu.edit" data-mw="interface" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet edit-page menu__item--page-actions-edit"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>Modifier</span> </a></li> </ul> </nav> <div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="content"> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"> <script>function mfTempOpenSection(id){var block=document.getElementById("mf-section-"+id);block.className+=" open-block";block.previousSibling.className+=" open-block";}</script> <div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="fr" dir="ltr"> <section class="mf-section-0" id="mf-section-0"> <div class="bandeau-container metadata homonymie hatnote"> <div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aide:Homonymie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aide:Homonymie"><img alt="Page d’aide sur l’homonymie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Logo_disambig.svg/20px-Logo_disambig.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Logo_disambig.svg/30px-Logo_disambig.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Logo_disambig.svg/40px-Logo_disambig.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="375"></a></span> </div> <div class="bandeau-cell" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"> <p>Pour les articles homonymes, voir <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gopher_(homonymie)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-disambig" title="Gopher (homonymie)">Gopher (homonymie)</a>.</p> </div> </div> <p><b>Gopher</b> est une norme de communication numérique conçue en 1991, concurrente du <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hypertext Transfer Protocol">HTTP</a> utilisée dans le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/World_Wide_Web?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="World Wide Web">World Wide Web</a> et désormais désuète. La norme Gopher permettait de distribuer, chercher et récupérer des documents sur le réseau Internet, et de se connecter sur un serveur <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Telnet?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Telnet">Telnet</a>. Une petite communauté d'utilisateurs développe toutefois aujourd'hui cette technologie pour faire vivre ce protocole. Ceux-ci mettent en avant la simplicité d'utilisation et sa faible consommation de données (Gopher ne supporte pas les technologies telles que le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Feuilles_de_style_en_cascade?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Feuilles de style en cascade">CSS</a>, le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/JavaScript?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="JavaScript">JavaScript</a> ou les cookies par exemple).</p> <div class="infobox_v3 infobox infobox--frwiki noarchive"> <div class="entete icon communication" style="background-color: #DFEDFF; color: #000000;"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r201193673">.mw-parser-output .entete.communication{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a2/Picto_infobox_antenna.png")}</style> <div> Gopher </div> </div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"></p> <p class="mw-empty-elt"></p> <table> <caption style=""> Informations </caption> <tbody> <tr> <th scope="row">Fonction</th> <td>Transfert de documents / Moteur de recherche / Connexion Telnet / Annuaire téléphonique</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Date de création</th> <td>1991</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Port_(logiciel)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Port (logiciel)">Port</a></th> <td>70</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Request_for_comments?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Request for comments">RFC</a></th> <td><abbr class="abbr" title="Request for comments" lang="en">RFC</abbr> 1436<sup id="cite_ref-RFC-1436-t-d_1-0" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gopher?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-RFC-1436-t-d-1"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup><br><abbr class="abbr" title="Request for comments" lang="en">RFC</abbr> 1738<sup id="cite_ref-RFC-1738-t-d_2-0" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gopher?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-RFC-1738-t-d-2"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>2<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup><br><abbr class="abbr" title="Request for comments" lang="en">RFC</abbr> 4266<sup id="cite_ref-RFC-4266-t-d_3-0" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gopher?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-RFC-4266-t-d-3"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>3<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p class="navbar bordered noprint" style=""><span class="plainlinks navigation-not-searchable"><a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DGopher%26action%3Dedit">modifier</a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le:Infobox_Protocole_r%C3%A9seau_sur_la_couche_application?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Consultez la documentation du modèle"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/12px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/18px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/24px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"></a></span></p> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Wikipedia_Gopher_forg_v0.5.1.png?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Wikipedia_Gopher_forg_v0.5.1.png/220px-Wikipedia_Gopher_forg_v0.5.1.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="121" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Wikipedia_Gopher_forg_v0.5.1.png/330px-Wikipedia_Gopher_forg_v0.5.1.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Wikipedia_Gopher_forg_v0.5.1.png/440px-Wikipedia_Gopher_forg_v0.5.1.png 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="1056"></a> <figcaption> L'article de Wikipedia dans la langue anglaise de Wikipédia avec le navigateur forg. </figcaption> </figure> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"> <input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"> <div class="toctitle" lang="fr" dir="ltr"> <h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Sommaire</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span> </div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gopher?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Historique"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Historique</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gopher?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Licence"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Licence</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gopher?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Logiciels_pour_Gopher"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Logiciels pour Gopher</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gopher?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Navigateurs_supportant_Gopher_en_mode_graphique"><span class="tocnumber">3.1</span> <span class="toctext">Navigateurs supportant Gopher en mode graphique</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gopher?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Navigateurs_supportant_Gopher_en_mode_texte"><span class="tocnumber">3.2</span> <span class="toctext">Navigateurs supportant Gopher en mode texte</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gopher?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Logiciels_supportant_Gopher_en_mode_texte"><span class="tocnumber">3.3</span> <span class="toctext">Logiciels supportant Gopher en mode texte</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-7"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gopher?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Logiciels_pour_cr%C3%A9er_un_site_Gopher"><span class="tocnumber">3.4</span> <span class="toctext">Logiciels pour créer un site Gopher</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gopher?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Passerelles_entre_Gopher_et_Web"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Passerelles entre Gopher et Web</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-9"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gopher?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#R%C3%A9f%C3%A9rences"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Références</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-10"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gopher?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Voir_aussi"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">Voir aussi</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-11"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gopher?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Liens_externes"><span class="tocnumber">6.1</span> <span class="toctext">Liens externes</span></a></li> </ul></li> </ul> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Historique">Historique</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Gopher&action=edit&section=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Historique" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <p>Lancé en 1991, Gopher est utilisé pour accéder au portail Internet de l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_du_Minnesota?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Université du Minnesota">université du Minnesota</a>. Ses créateurs sont Mark McCahill, Farhad Anklesaria, Paul Lindner, Daniel Torrey, Adam Huminsky et Bob Alberti. Gopher est le nom d'un rongeur <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Goldy_Gopher&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Goldy Gopher (page inexistante)">Goldy Gopher</a> <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goldy_Gopher" class="extiw" title="en:Goldy Gopher"><span class="indicateur-langue" title="Article en anglais : « Goldy Gopher »">(en)</span></a><i>,</i> mascotte de l'université.</p> <p>Gopher permet de consulter l'annuaire téléphonique de l'université, lire des textes en ligne, télécharger des <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier_binaire?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Fichier binaire">fichiers binaires</a>, faire des recherches par mots clés et des connexions à des serveurs <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Telnet?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Telnet">Telnet</a>. Un logiciel Gopher est aussi créé. Il ne lit que les données textuelles, et évolue vers le mode graphique, Gopher+.</p> <p>Le succès de la norme Gopher et du logiciel consacré dépasse le cercle de l'université et <span class="need_ref" title="Une source est souhaitée pour ce passage (demandé le 10 décembre 2021)." style="cursor:help;">gagne la totalité du monde universitaire relié à l'Internet</span><sup class="need_ref_tag" style="padding-left:2px;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aide:R%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence_n%C3%A9cessaire?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aide:Référence nécessaire">[<abbr class="abbr" title="référence">réf.</abbr> souhaitée]</a></sup>, puis les administrations gouvernementales. Gopher devient une norme Internet en <time class="nowrap" datetime="1993-03" data-sort-value="1993-03">mars 1993</time> ; sa version évoluée, Gopher+, en <time class="nowrap" datetime="1994-12" data-sort-value="1994-12">décembre 1994</time> par la <abbr class="abbr" title="Request for comments" lang="en">RFC</abbr> 1738<sup id="cite_ref-RFC-1738-t-d_2-1" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gopher?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-RFC-1738-t-d-2"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>2<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <p>Gopher est en compétition avec les logiciels et normes <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wide_area_information_server?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Wide area information server">WAIS</a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Archie_(moteur_de_recherche)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Archie (moteur de recherche)">Archie</a>, ainsi que le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hypertext Transfer Protocol">HTTP</a> et le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/World_Wide_Web?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="World Wide Web">Web</a> créés à la même époque. Ce dernier, utilisant le langage <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/HTML?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="HTML">HTML</a>, arrive plus tard mais supplante les autres normes à partir de 1995. Depuis les années 2000, la norme Gopher est encore utilisée par quelques passionnés.</p> <p>En 2019 est lancé le projet <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gemini_(protocole)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gemini (protocole)">Gemini</a> comme une alternative à Gopher<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gopher?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-4"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>4<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Licence">Licence</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Gopher&action=edit&section=2&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Licence" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <p>En mars 1993, l'université du Minnesota décide de demander des redevances sur l'utilisation du serveur, à l'inverse du CERN où est développé le Web (<time class="nowrap" datetime="1993-04" data-sort-value="1993-04">avril 1993</time>). Il est possible que la licence payante soit la cause de l'effondrement de Gopher. Dans son mémoire <i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Internet Project Gopher, The Rise and the Fall of Gopher</span></i>, Robert Alberti conteste ce point de vue et montre que le déclin de Gopher coïncide plutôt avec l'adjonction de la balise image (<code><IMG></code>) dans le HTML, qui jusque là affichait uniquement du texte (tout comme Gopher). Ce n'est qu'en <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/2000?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="2000">2000</a> que l'université de Minnesota libère le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Code_source?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Code source">code source</a> et les place sous la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Licence_publique_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9rale_GNU?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Licence publique générale GNU">licence publique générale GNU</a><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gopher?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-5"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>5<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Logiciels_pour_Gopher">Logiciels pour Gopher</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Gopher&action=edit&section=3&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Logiciels pour Gopher" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Navigateurs_supportant_Gopher_en_mode_graphique">Navigateurs supportant Gopher en mode graphique</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Gopher&action=edit&section=4&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Navigateurs supportant Gopher en mode graphique" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <ul> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Mozilla_Firefox?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Mozilla Firefox">Mozilla Firefox</a> avec le module <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://gopher.floodgap.com/overbite/">OverbiteFF</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://addons.mozilla.org/firefox/addon/overbitewx/">OverbiteWX</a> ou <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://addons.mozilla.org/fr/firefox/addon/overbitenx/">OverbiteNX</a> (ce dernier nécessitant un logiciel installé sur le même ordinateur pour fonctionner) pour Firefox 56 et supérieur</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/SeaMonkey?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="SeaMonkey">SeaMonkey</a> avec le module <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://gopher.floodgap.com/overbite/">OverbiteFF</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Konqueror?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Konqueror">Konqueror</a> avec l'extension <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://freshmeat.net/projects/kgopher/">kio_gopher</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Camino?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Camino">Camino</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Internet_Explorer?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Internet Explorer">Internet Explorer</a> avant la version 6, et la version 6 en réactivant le support dans la base de registres<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gopher?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-6"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>6<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>, prend en charge le protocole Gopher.</li> <li>WebPositive sous <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Haiku_(syst%C3%A8me_d%27exploitation)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Haiku (système d'exploitation)">Haiku</a> peut utiliser Gopher par le Service Kit depuis la révision <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://cgit.haiku-os.org/haiku/log/?qt%3Drange%26q%3D%255Ehrev47570%2Bhrev47571">hrev47571</a>.</li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Navigateurs_supportant_Gopher_en_mode_texte">Navigateurs supportant Gopher en mode texte</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Gopher&action=edit&section=5&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Navigateurs supportant Gopher en mode texte" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <ul> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lynx_(navigateur)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lynx (navigateur)">Lynx</a> : mode semi-graphique.</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ELinks?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ELinks">ELinks</a> : mode semi-graphique.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.w3.org/LineMode/">www</a> : mode ligne de texte. Le plus ancien des navigateurs Internet disponibles.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.xach.com/snarf/">snarf</a> : permet de télécharger un fichier situé sur un serveur Gopher, depuis un terminal.</li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Logiciels_supportant_Gopher_en_mode_texte">Logiciels supportant Gopher en mode texte</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Gopher&action=edit&section=6&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Logiciels supportant Gopher en mode texte" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <ul> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://thelambdalab.xyz/elpher/">Elpher</a> : extension pour l'éditeur Emacs, installation via <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://melpa.org/">MELPA</a>.</li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Logiciels_pour_créer_un_site_Gopher"><span id="Logiciels_pour_cr.C3.A9er_un_site_Gopher"></span>Logiciels pour créer un site Gopher</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Gopher&action=edit&section=7&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Logiciels pour créer un site Gopher" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <ul> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://aftershock.sourceforge.net/">Aftershock</a> — écrit en Java.</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Bucktooth&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Bucktooth (page inexistante)">Bucktooth</a> — serveur Gopher moderne écrit en Perl.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=gopher://gopher.r-36.net/1/geomyidae.gph">Geomyidae</a> — écrit en C. Domaine public.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://freshmeat.net/projects/gn/">GN</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://gofish.sourceforge.net/">GoFish</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=gopher://dams.zapto.org/1/gogoph-server">GOGOPH Server</a> — serveur gopher moderne écrit en Java basé sur <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Netty&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Netty (page inexistante)">Netty</a> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/JBoss?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="JBoss">JBoss</a>), GPL.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=gopher://zzo38computer.cjb.net/1gophserv">GOPHSERV</a> — cross-platform, GPLv3, FreeBASIC.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=gopher://gopher.pcrpg.org">Gopher Cannon</a> — Windows 32 et 64 bits, gratuiciel, écrit en .NET 3.5.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=gopher://gopher.sacrideo.us/1goscher">Goscher</a> — écrit en <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Scheme?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Scheme">Scheme</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=gopher://port70.net/1mgod">mgod</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://motsognir.sourceforge.net/">Motsognir</a> — écrit en C, multiplateforme, GPLv3.</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=PyGopherd&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="PyGopherd (page inexistante)">PyGopherd</a> — Serveur Gopher+ écrit en Python.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://gurno.com/dru/?q%3Dnode/153">PyGS</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://gophrier.tuxfamily.org/">gophrier</a> — écrit en C, GPL.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=gopher://gophernicus.org/1/software/gophernicus/">Gophernicus</a> — supporte AIX, GNU/Linux, MacOSX, BSDs et Haiku ; écrit en C, BSD.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pypi.org/project/Flask-Gopher/">Flask-Gopher</a> — Module supplémentaire pour le framework <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Flask_(framework)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Flask (framework)">Flask</a> en python, permettant à Flask d'utiliser le protocole Gopher</li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Passerelles_entre_Gopher_et_Web">Passerelles entre Gopher et Web</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Gopher&action=edit&section=8&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Passerelles entre Gopher et Web" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <p>Des sites Web permettent d'afficher des pages Gopher depuis un <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Navigateur_web?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Navigateur web">navigateur Web</a> : <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://gopher.floodgap.com/gopher/gw/">Floodgap Public proxy</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://gopherproxy.meulie.net">Gopher Proxy proxy</a>. Certains sites Gopher fonctionnent en double mode, Gopher et Web. Un <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Proxy?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Proxy">proxy</a>, comme <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.squid-cache.org/">squid</a>, peut faciliter l'accès au monde Gopher depuis un <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/R%C3%A9seau_local?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Réseau local">réseau local</a>.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Références"><span id="R.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences"></span>Références</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Gopher&action=edit&section=9&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Références" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> <div class="references-small decimal" style=""> <div class="mw-references-wrap"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-RFC-1436-t-d-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gopher?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-RFC-1436-t-d_1-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> « <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1436"><span class="lang-en" lang="en">The Internet Gopher Protocol (a distributed document search and retrieval protocol)</span></a> », <span class="lang-en" lang="en"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Request_for_comments?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Request for comments">Request for comments</a></span> <abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr> 1436, <time class="nowrap" datetime="1993-03" data-sort-value="1993-03">mars 1993</time> </span></li> <li id="cite_note-RFC-1738-t-d-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gopher?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-RFC-1738-t-d_2-0">a</a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gopher?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-RFC-1738-t-d_2-1">b</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> « <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1738"><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Uniform Resource Locators (URL)</span></a> », <span class="lang-en" lang="en"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Request_for_comments?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Request for comments">Request for comments</a></span> <abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr> 1738, <time class="nowrap" datetime="1994-12" data-sort-value="1994-12">décembre 1994</time> </span></li> <li id="cite_note-RFC-4266-t-d-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gopher?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-RFC-4266-t-d_3-0">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> « <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4266"><span class="lang-en" lang="en">The gopher URI Scheme</span></a> », <span class="lang-en" lang="en"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Request_for_comments?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Request for comments">Request for comments</a></span> <abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr> 4266, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2005-11" data-sort-value="2005-11">novembre 2005</time> </span></li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gopher?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-4">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> « <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://geminiprotocol.net/docs/faq.gmi%2331-how-old-is-gemini"><cite style="font-style:normal;" lang="en">Projet Gemini FAQ</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique">Projet Gemini</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2024-10-25" data-sort-value="2024-10-25">25 octobre 2024</time>)</small></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gopher?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-5">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://groups.google.com/forum/%23!msg/comp.infosystems.gopher/4A-LS_A6qtA/nT89yWKzzsIJ">UMN Gopher(d) released under the GPL!</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="news:comp.infosystems.gopher?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">news:comp.infosystems.gopher</a></span></li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gopher?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-6">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://gopher.floodgap.com/gopher/gw?gopher://gopher.floodgap.com:70/0/gopher/wbgopher"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Floodgap HELP: Using a web browser to access gopher space</cite></a> » <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2014-08-06" data-sort-value="2014-08-06">6 août 2014</time>)</small></span></span></li> </ol> </div> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(6)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Voir_aussi">Voir aussi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Gopher&action=edit&section=10&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Voir aussi" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-6 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-6"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Liens_externes">Liens externes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Gopher&action=edit&section=11&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Liens externes" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r194021218">.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>.titre{text-align:center;margin:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>ul>li{list-style:none;margin:0.2em 0;text-indent:0;padding-left:24px;min-height:20px;text-align:left;display:block}.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>ul>li>a{font-style:italic}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .autres-projets{float:none}}</style> <div class="autres-projets boite-grise boite-a-droite noprint js-interprojets"> <p class="titre">Sur les autres projets Wikimedia :</p> <ul class="noarchive plainlinks"> <li class="wiktionary"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fr.wiktionary.org/wiki/gopher" class="extiw" title="wikt:gopher">gopher</a>, <span class="nowrap">sur le <span class="project">Wiktionnaire</span></span></li> </ul> </div> <ul> <li><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://gopher.floodgap.com/gopher/gw?gopher://gopher.floodgap.com:70/1/v2">L'actuel serveur racine de l'espace gopher, contient un moteur de recherche des sites gopher</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Phlog?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Phlog">Phlog</a> Le weblog version GOPHER.</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Veronica_(computer)&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Veronica (computer) (page inexistante)">Veronica</a> — Le système de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Moteur_de_recherche?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Moteur de recherche">moteur de recherche</a> pour le protocole Gopher.</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Gopher%2B&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Gopher+ (page inexistante)">Gopher+</a> — Extensions proposées au protocole Gopher.</li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=GopherVR&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="GopherVR (page inexistante)">GopherVR</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Jughead_(search_engine)&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Jughead (search engine) (page inexistante)">Jugtail</a> — Un système de moteur de recherche alternatif pour le protocole Gopher. Jugtail était autrefois connu comme Jughead.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://sdf.lonestar.org/">SDF Public Access Unix System</a> — Une organisation à but non lucratif qui fournit l'hébergement de Gopher libre et gratuit.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://connect.ed-diamond.com/GNU-Linux-Magazine/GLMF-136/Gopher-A-la-recherche-du-protocole-perdu">Un article sur le protocole Gopher</a></li> <li><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=gopher://jgw.mdns.org/9/REFS/56817068-PIL3254-Internet-Gopher-PPL-Alberti.pdf">Le mémoire de Robert Alberti</a> — Les débuts de Gopher par l'un de ses créateurs.</li> </ul> <div class="navbox-container" style="clear:both;"> </div> <ul id="bandeau-portail" class="bandeau-portail"> <li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Portail:R%C3%A9seaux_informatiques?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Portail des réseaux informatiques"> <noscript> <img alt="icône décorative" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Server-based-network.svg/23px-Server-based-network.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="24" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="119" data-file-height="123"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 24px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Server-based-network.svg/23px-Server-based-network.svg.png" data-alt="icône décorative" data-width="23" data-height="24" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Server-based-network.svg/35px-Server-based-network.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Server-based-network.svg/46px-Server-based-network.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></span> <span class="bandeau-portail-texte"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Portail:R%C3%A9seaux_informatiques?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Portail:Réseaux informatiques">Portail des réseaux informatiques</a></span> </span></li> <li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Portail:Informatique?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Portail de l’informatique"> <noscript> <img alt="icône décorative" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Circle-icons-computer.svg/24px-Circle-icons-computer.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="24" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"> </noscript><span 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href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Gopher&action=history&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB"> <div class="post-content last-modified-bar__content"><span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-medium minerva-icon--modified-history"></span> <span class="last-modified-bar__text modified-enhancement" data-user-name="Cyrille37" data-user-gender="unknown" data-timestamp="1729855565"> <span>Dernière modification le 25 octobre 2024, à 12:26</span> </span> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-small minerva-icon--expand"></span> </div></a> <div class="post-content footer-content"> <div id="mw-data-after-content"> <div class="read-more-container"></div> </div> <div id="p-lang"> <h4>Langues</h4> <section> <ul id="p-variants" class="minerva-languages"></ul> <ul class="minerva-languages"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25BA%25D9%2588%25D9%2581%25D8%25B1_(%25D8%25A8%25D8%25B1%25D9%2588%25D8%25AA%25D9%2588%25D9%2583%25D9%2588%25D9%2584)" title="غوفر (بروتوكول) – arabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="غوفر (بروتوكول)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gopher" title="Gopher – catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Gopher" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gopher" title="Gopher – tchèque" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Gopher" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tchèque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gopher" title="Gopher – danois" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Gopher" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gopher" title="Gopher – allemand" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Gopher" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="allemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gopher_(protocol)" title="Gopher (protocol) – anglais" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Gopher (protocol)" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gopher" title="Gopher – espagnol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Gopher" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espagnol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gopher" title="Gopher – basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Gopher" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25DA%25AF%25D9%2588%25D9%2581%25D8%25B1" title="گوفر – persan" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="گوفر" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gopher" title="Gopher – finnois" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Gopher" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finnois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gopher" title="Gopher – galicien" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Gopher" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D7%2592%25D7%2595%25D7%25A4%25D7%25A8_(%25D7%25A4%25D7%25A8%25D7%2595%25D7%2598%25D7%2595%25D7%25A7%25D7%2595%25D7%259C_%25D7%25AA%25D7%25A7%25D7%25A9%25D7%2595%25D7%25A8%25D7%25AA)" title="גופר (פרוטוקול תקשורת) – hébreu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="גופר (פרוטוקול תקשורת)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hébreu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gopher" title="Gopher – croate" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Gopher" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croate" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gopher" title="Gopher – indonésien" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Gopher" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonésien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gopher_(informatica)" title="Gopher (informatica) – italien" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Gopher (informatica)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gopher" title="Gopher – japonais" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="Gopher" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25EA%25B3%25A0%25ED%258D%25BC_(%25ED%2594%2584%25EB%25A1%259C%25ED%2586%25A0%25EC%25BD%259C)" title="고퍼 (프로토콜) – coréen" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="고퍼 (프로토콜)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coréen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gopher" title="Gopher – kirghize" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Gopher" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirghize" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gopher_(informatega)" title="Gopher (informatega) – lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Gopher (informatega)" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gopher" title="Gopher – lituanien" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Gopher" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituanien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gopher_(protokol)" title="Gopher (protokol) – malais" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Gopher (protokol)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gopher" title="Gopher – néerlandais" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Gopher" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="néerlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gopher" title="Gopher – norvégien bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Gopher" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvégien bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gopher" title="Gopher – polonais" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Gopher" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gopher" title="Gopher – portugais" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Gopher" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gopher" title="Gopher – russe" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Gopher" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gopher_(protocol)" title="Gopher (protocol) – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Gopher (protocol)" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gopher" title="Gopher – slovaque" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Gopher" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovaque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gopher" title="Gopher – slovène" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Gopher" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovène" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gopher" title="Gopher – albanais" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Gopher" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gopher" title="Gopher – suédois" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Gopher" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suédois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gopher" title="Gopher – turc" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Gopher" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gopher" title="Gopher – ukrainien" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Gopher" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gopher_(giao_th%25E1%25BB%25A9c)" title="Gopher (giao thức) – vietnamien" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Gopher (giao thức)" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gopher_(%25E7%25BD%2591%25E7%25BB%259C%25E5%258D%258F%25E8%25AE%25AE)" title="Gopher (网络协议) – chinois" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="Gopher (网络协议)" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinois" 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