CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en-GB"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8" /> <meta name='viewport' content='width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0' /> <meta http-equiv='X-UA-Compatible' content='IE=edge' /> <link rel="profile" href="https://gmpg.org/xfn/11" /> <meta name='robots' content='index, follow, max-image-preview:large, max-snippet:-1, max-video-preview:-1' /> <style>img:is([sizes="auto" i], [sizes^="auto," i]) { contain-intrinsic-size: 3000px 1500px }</style>  <title>Biological and social science - CABI.org</title> <meta name="description" content="CABI scientific outputs, journal papers, impact reports, case studies, working papers" /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/science-and-social-science-research/" /> <meta property="og:locale" content="en_GB" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="og:title" content="Biological and social science - CABI.org" /> <meta property="og:description" content="CABI scientific outputs, journal papers, impact reports, case studies, working papers" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/science-and-social-science-research/" /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="CABI.org" /> <meta property="article:publisher" content="https://www.facebook.com/CABI.development" /> <meta property="article:modified_time" content="2024-06-12T12:45:20+00:00" /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/What-we-do/knotweed-microscope_2043.jpg" /> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1544" /> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1024" /> <meta property="og:image:type" content="image/jpeg" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" /> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@CABI_News" /> <meta name="twitter:label1" content="Estimated reading time" /> <meta name="twitter:data1" content="7 minutes" /> <script type="application/ld+json" class="yoast-schema-graph">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/science-and-social-science-research/","url":"https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/science-and-social-science-research/","name":"Biological and social science - CABI.org","isPartOf":{"@id":"https://www.cabi.org/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/science-and-social-science-research/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/science-and-social-science-research/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/What-we-do/knotweed-microscope_2043.jpg","datePublished":"2019-06-14T11:37:52+00:00","dateModified":"2024-06-12T12:45:20+00:00","description":"CABI scientific outputs, journal papers, impact reports, case studies, working papers","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/science-and-social-science-research/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-GB","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/science-and-social-science-research/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-GB","@id":"https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/science-and-social-science-research/#primaryimage","url":"https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/What-we-do/knotweed-microscope_2043.jpg","contentUrl":"https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/What-we-do/knotweed-microscope_2043.jpg","width":1544,"height":1024,"caption":"Japanese knotweed under the microscope"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/science-and-social-science-research/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https://www.cabi.org/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"What we do","item":"https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"Biological and social science"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https://www.cabi.org/#website","url":"https://www.cabi.org/","name":"CABI.org","description":"Improving lives by solving problems in agriculture and the environment","publisher":{"@id":"https://www.cabi.org/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https://www.cabi.org/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-GB"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https://www.cabi.org/#organization","name":"CABI","url":"https://www.cabi.org/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-GB","@id":"https://www.cabi.org/#/schema/logo/image/","url":"https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/CABI-Logo_Accessible_RGB.png","contentUrl":"https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/CABI-Logo_Accessible_RGB.png","width":592,"height":174,"caption":"CABI"},"image":{"@id":"https://www.cabi.org/#/schema/logo/image/"},"sameAs":["https://www.facebook.com/CABI.development","https://x.com/CABI_News","https://www.linkedin.com/company/cabi","https://www.youtube.com/user/CABIvideo"]}]}</script>  <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//fonts.googleapis.com' /> <link href='https://fonts.gstatic.com' crossorigin rel='preconnect' /> <link href='//hb.wpmucdn.com' rel='preconnect' /> <link href='http://fonts.googleapis.com' rel='preconnect' /> <link href='//fonts.gstatic.com' crossorigin='' rel='preconnect' /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="CABI.org » Feed" href="https://www.cabi.org/feed/" /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="CABI.org » Comments Feed" href="https://www.cabi.org/comments/feed/" /> <link rel="preload" href="https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/plugins/bb-plugin/fonts/fontawesome/5.15.4/webfonts/fa-solid-900.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin="anonymous"> <link rel="preload" href="https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/plugins/bb-plugin/fonts/fontawesome/5.15.4/webfonts/fa-brands-400.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin="anonymous"> <link rel="preload" href="https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/plugins/bb-plugin/fonts/fontawesome/5.15.4/webfonts/fa-regular-400.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin="anonymous"> <script> window._wpemojiSettings = {"baseUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/15.0.3\/72x72\/","ext":".png","svgUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/15.0.3\/svg\/","svgExt":".svg","source":{"concatemoji":"https:\/\/www.cabi.org\/wp-includes\/js\/wp-emoji-release.min.js?ver=6.7.1"}}; /*! This file is auto-generated */ !function(i,n){var o,s,e;function c(e){try{var t={supportTests:e,timestamp:(new Date).valueOf()};sessionStorage.setItem(o,JSON.stringify(t))}catch(e){}}function p(e,t,n){e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(t,0,0);var t=new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data),r=(e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(n,0,0),new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data));return t.every(function(e,t){return e===r[t]})}function u(e,t,n){switch(t){case"flag":return n(e,"\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200d\u26a7\ufe0f","\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200b\u26a7\ufe0f")?!1:!n(e,"\ud83c\uddfa\ud83c\uddf3","\ud83c\uddfa\u200b\ud83c\uddf3")&&!n(e,"\ud83c\udff4\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc62\udb40\udc65\udb40\udc6e\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc7f","\ud83c\udff4\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc62\u200b\udb40\udc65\u200b\udb40\udc6e\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc7f");case"emoji":return!n(e,"\ud83d\udc26\u200d\u2b1b","\ud83d\udc26\u200b\u2b1b")}return!1}function f(e,t,n){var r="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope?new OffscreenCanvas(300,150):i.createElement("canvas"),a=r.getContext("2d",{willReadFrequently:!0}),o=(a.textBaseline="top",a.font="600 32px Arial",{});return e.forEach(function(e){o[e]=t(a,e,n)}),o}function t(e){var t=i.createElement("script");t.src=e,t.defer=!0,i.head.appendChild(t)}"undefined"!=typeof Promise&&(o="wpEmojiSettingsSupports",s=["flag","emoji"],n.supports={everything:!0,everythingExceptFlag:!0},e=new Promise(function(e){i.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",e,{once:!0})}),new Promise(function(t){var n=function(){try{var e=JSON.parse(sessionStorage.getItem(o));if("object"==typeof e&&"number"==typeof e.timestamp&&(new Date).valueOf()<e.timestamp+604800&&"object"==typeof e.supportTests)return e.supportTests}catch(e){}return null}();if(!n){if("undefined"!=typeof Worker&&"undefined"!=typeof OffscreenCanvas&&"undefined"!=typeof URL&&URL.createObjectURL&&"undefined"!=typeof Blob)try{var e="postMessage("+f.toString()+"("+[JSON.stringify(s),u.toString(),p.toString()].join(",")+"));",r=new Blob([e],{type:"text/javascript"}),a=new Worker(URL.createObjectURL(r),{name:"wpTestEmojiSupports"});return void(a.onmessage=function(e){c(n=e.data),a.terminate(),t(n)})}catch(e){}c(n=f(s,u,p))}t(n)}).then(function(e){for(var t in e)n.supports[t]=e[t],n.supports.everything=n.supports.everything&&n.supports[t],"flag"!==t&&(n.supports.everythingExceptFlag=n.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&n.supports[t]);n.supports.everythingExceptFlag=n.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&!n.supports.flag,n.DOMReady=!1,n.readyCallback=function(){n.DOMReady=!0}}).then(function(){return e}).then(function(){var e;n.supports.everything||(n.readyCallback(),(e=n.source||{}).concatemoji?t(e.concatemoji):e.wpemoji&&e.twemoji&&(t(e.twemoji),t(e.wpemoji)))}))}((window,document),window._wpemojiSettings); </script> <style id='wp-emoji-styles-inline-css'> img.wp-smiley, img.emoji { display: inline !important; border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; height: 1em !important; width: 1em !important; margin: 0 0.07em !important; vertical-align: -0.1em !important; background: none !important; padding: 0 !important; } </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-block-library-css' href='https://www.cabi.org/wp-includes/css/dist/block-library/style.min.css?ver=6.7.1' media='all' /> <style id='wp-block-library-theme-inline-css'> .wp-block-audio :where(figcaption){color:#555;font-size:13px;text-align:center}.is-dark-theme .wp-block-audio :where(figcaption){color:#ffffffa6}.wp-block-audio{margin:0 0 1em}.wp-block-code{border:1px solid #ccc;border-radius:4px;font-family:Menlo,Consolas,monaco,monospace;padding:.8em 1em}.wp-block-embed :where(figcaption){color:#555;font-size:13px;text-align:center}.is-dark-theme .wp-block-embed :where(figcaption){color:#ffffffa6}.wp-block-embed{margin:0 0 1em}.blocks-gallery-caption{color:#555;font-size:13px;text-align:center}.is-dark-theme .blocks-gallery-caption{color:#ffffffa6}:root :where(.wp-block-image figcaption){color:#555;font-size:13px;text-align:center}.is-dark-theme :root :where(.wp-block-image figcaption){color:#ffffffa6}.wp-block-image{margin:0 0 1em}.wp-block-pullquote{border-bottom:4px solid;border-top:4px solid;color:currentColor;margin-bottom:1.75em}.wp-block-pullquote cite,.wp-block-pullquote footer,.wp-block-pullquote__citation{color:currentColor;font-size:.8125em;font-style:normal;text-transform:uppercase}.wp-block-quote{border-left:.25em solid;margin:0 0 1.75em;padding-left:1em}.wp-block-quote cite,.wp-block-quote footer{color:currentColor;font-size:.8125em;font-style:normal;position:relative}.wp-block-quote:where(.has-text-align-right){border-left:none;border-right:.25em solid;padding-left:0;padding-right:1em}.wp-block-quote:where(.has-text-align-center){border:none;padding-left:0}.wp-block-quote.is-large,.wp-block-quote.is-style-large,.wp-block-quote:where(.is-style-plain){border:none}.wp-block-search .wp-block-search__label{font-weight:700}.wp-block-search__button{border:1px solid #ccc;padding:.375em .625em}:where(.wp-block-group.has-background){padding:1.25em 2.375em}.wp-block-separator.has-css-opacity{opacity:.4}.wp-block-separator{border:none;border-bottom:2px solid;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.wp-block-separator.has-alpha-channel-opacity{opacity:1}.wp-block-separator:not(.is-style-wide):not(.is-style-dots){width:100px}.wp-block-separator.has-background:not(.is-style-dots){border-bottom:none;height:1px}.wp-block-separator.has-background:not(.is-style-wide):not(.is-style-dots){height:2px}.wp-block-table{margin:0 0 1em}.wp-block-table td,.wp-block-table th{word-break:normal}.wp-block-table :where(figcaption){color:#555;font-size:13px;text-align:center}.is-dark-theme .wp-block-table :where(figcaption){color:#ffffffa6}.wp-block-video :where(figcaption){color:#555;font-size:13px;text-align:center}.is-dark-theme .wp-block-video :where(figcaption){color:#ffffffa6}.wp-block-video{margin:0 0 1em}:root :where(.wp-block-template-part.has-background){margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;padding:1.25em 2.375em} </style> <style id='dotdigital-for-wordpress-pages-and-forms-style-inline-css'> iframe.wp-block-dotdigital-signup-form-pages-and-forms{background-color:#fff;color:#fff;display:block;width:100vw} </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='pardot-css' href='https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/plugins/pardot/build/style-index.css?ver=1717573668' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='mediaelement-css' href='https://www.cabi.org/wp-includes/js/mediaelement/mediaelementplayer-legacy.min.css?ver=4.2.17' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-mediaelement-css' href='https://www.cabi.org/wp-includes/js/mediaelement/wp-mediaelement.min.css?ver=6.7.1' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='view_editor_gutenberg_frontend_assets-css' href='https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/plugins/wp-views/public/css/views-frontend.css?ver=3.6.18' media='all' /> <style id='view_editor_gutenberg_frontend_assets-inline-css'> .wpv-sort-list-dropdown.wpv-sort-list-dropdown-style-default > span.wpv-sort-list,.wpv-sort-list-dropdown.wpv-sort-list-dropdown-style-default .wpv-sort-list-item {border-color: #cdcdcd;}.wpv-sort-list-dropdown.wpv-sort-list-dropdown-style-default .wpv-sort-list-item a {color: #444;background-color: #fff;}.wpv-sort-list-dropdown.wpv-sort-list-dropdown-style-default a:hover,.wpv-sort-list-dropdown.wpv-sort-list-dropdown-style-default a:focus {color: #000;background-color: #eee;}.wpv-sort-list-dropdown.wpv-sort-list-dropdown-style-default .wpv-sort-list-item.wpv-sort-list-current a {color: #000;background-color: #eee;} .wpv-sort-list-dropdown.wpv-sort-list-dropdown-style-default > span.wpv-sort-list,.wpv-sort-list-dropdown.wpv-sort-list-dropdown-style-default .wpv-sort-list-item {border-color: #cdcdcd;}.wpv-sort-list-dropdown.wpv-sort-list-dropdown-style-default .wpv-sort-list-item a {color: #444;background-color: #fff;}.wpv-sort-list-dropdown.wpv-sort-list-dropdown-style-default a:hover,.wpv-sort-list-dropdown.wpv-sort-list-dropdown-style-default a:focus {color: #000;background-color: #eee;}.wpv-sort-list-dropdown.wpv-sort-list-dropdown-style-default .wpv-sort-list-item.wpv-sort-list-current a {color: #000;background-color: #eee;}.wpv-sort-list-dropdown.wpv-sort-list-dropdown-style-grey > span.wpv-sort-list,.wpv-sort-list-dropdown.wpv-sort-list-dropdown-style-grey .wpv-sort-list-item {border-color: #cdcdcd;}.wpv-sort-list-dropdown.wpv-sort-list-dropdown-style-grey .wpv-sort-list-item a {color: #444;background-color: #eeeeee;}.wpv-sort-list-dropdown.wpv-sort-list-dropdown-style-grey a:hover,.wpv-sort-list-dropdown.wpv-sort-list-dropdown-style-grey a:focus {color: #000;background-color: #e5e5e5;}.wpv-sort-list-dropdown.wpv-sort-list-dropdown-style-grey .wpv-sort-list-item.wpv-sort-list-current a {color: #000;background-color: #e5e5e5;} .wpv-sort-list-dropdown.wpv-sort-list-dropdown-style-default > span.wpv-sort-list,.wpv-sort-list-dropdown.wpv-sort-list-dropdown-style-default .wpv-sort-list-item {border-color: #cdcdcd;}.wpv-sort-list-dropdown.wpv-sort-list-dropdown-style-default .wpv-sort-list-item a {color: #444;background-color: #fff;}.wpv-sort-list-dropdown.wpv-sort-list-dropdown-style-default a:hover,.wpv-sort-list-dropdown.wpv-sort-list-dropdown-style-default a:focus {color: #000;background-color: #eee;}.wpv-sort-list-dropdown.wpv-sort-list-dropdown-style-default .wpv-sort-list-item.wpv-sort-list-current a {color: #000;background-color: #eee;}.wpv-sort-list-dropdown.wpv-sort-list-dropdown-style-grey > span.wpv-sort-list,.wpv-sort-list-dropdown.wpv-sort-list-dropdown-style-grey .wpv-sort-list-item {border-color: #cdcdcd;}.wpv-sort-list-dropdown.wpv-sort-list-dropdown-style-grey .wpv-sort-list-item a {color: #444;background-color: #eeeeee;}.wpv-sort-list-dropdown.wpv-sort-list-dropdown-style-grey a:hover,.wpv-sort-list-dropdown.wpv-sort-list-dropdown-style-grey a:focus {color: #000;background-color: #e5e5e5;}.wpv-sort-list-dropdown.wpv-sort-list-dropdown-style-grey .wpv-sort-list-item.wpv-sort-list-current a {color: #000;background-color: #e5e5e5;}.wpv-sort-list-dropdown.wpv-sort-list-dropdown-style-blue > span.wpv-sort-list,.wpv-sort-list-dropdown.wpv-sort-list-dropdown-style-blue .wpv-sort-list-item {border-color: #0099cc;}.wpv-sort-list-dropdown.wpv-sort-list-dropdown-style-blue .wpv-sort-list-item a {color: #444;background-color: #cbddeb;}.wpv-sort-list-dropdown.wpv-sort-list-dropdown-style-blue a:hover,.wpv-sort-list-dropdown.wpv-sort-list-dropdown-style-blue a:focus {color: #000;background-color: #95bedd;}.wpv-sort-list-dropdown.wpv-sort-list-dropdown-style-blue .wpv-sort-list-item.wpv-sort-list-current a {color: #000;background-color: #95bedd;} </style> <style id='classic-theme-styles-inline-css'> /*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} </style> <style id='global-styles-inline-css'> :root{--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--square: 1;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--4-3: 4/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-4: 3/4;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-2: 3/2;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--2-3: 2/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--16-9: 16/9;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--9-16: 9/16;--wp--preset--color--black: #000000;--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray: #abb8c3;--wp--preset--color--white: #ffffff;--wp--preset--color--pale-pink: #f78da7;--wp--preset--color--vivid-red: #cf2e2e;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange: #ff6900;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber: #fcb900;--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan: #7bdcb5;--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan: #00d084;--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue: #8ed1fc;--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue: #0693e3;--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple: #9b51e0;--wp--preset--color--fl-heading-text: #000000;--wp--preset--color--fl-body-bg: #f2f2f2;--wp--preset--color--fl-body-text: #333333;--wp--preset--color--fl-accent: #368729;--wp--preset--color--fl-accent-hover: #368729;--wp--preset--color--fl-topbar-bg: #ffffff;--wp--preset--color--fl-topbar-text: #000000;--wp--preset--color--fl-topbar-link: #428bca;--wp--preset--color--fl-topbar-hover: #428bca;--wp--preset--color--fl-header-bg: #ffffff;--wp--preset--color--fl-header-text: #000000;--wp--preset--color--fl-header-link: #428bca;--wp--preset--color--fl-header-hover: #428bca;--wp--preset--color--fl-nav-bg: #ffffff;--wp--preset--color--fl-nav-link: #428bca;--wp--preset--color--fl-nav-hover: #428bca;--wp--preset--color--fl-content-bg: #ffffff;--wp--preset--color--fl-footer-widgets-bg: #ffffff;--wp--preset--color--fl-footer-widgets-text: #000000;--wp--preset--color--fl-footer-widgets-link: #428bca;--wp--preset--color--fl-footer-widgets-hover: #428bca;--wp--preset--color--fl-footer-bg: #ffffff;--wp--preset--color--fl-footer-text: #000000;--wp--preset--color--fl-footer-link: #428bca;--wp--preset--color--fl-footer-hover: #428bca;--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(6,147,227,1) 0%,rgb(155,81,224) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(122,220,180) 0%,rgb(0,208,130) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(252,185,0,1) 0%,rgba(255,105,0,1) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(255,105,0,1) 0%,rgb(207,46,46) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(238,238,238) 0%,rgb(169,184,195) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(74,234,220) 0%,rgb(151,120,209) 20%,rgb(207,42,186) 40%,rgb(238,44,130) 60%,rgb(251,105,98) 80%,rgb(254,248,76) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,206,236) 0%,rgb(152,150,240) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(254,205,165) 0%,rgb(254,45,45) 50%,rgb(107,0,62) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,203,112) 0%,rgb(199,81,192) 50%,rgb(65,88,208) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,245,203) 0%,rgb(182,227,212) 50%,rgb(51,167,181) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(202,248,128) 0%,rgb(113,206,126) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--midnight: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(2,3,129) 0%,rgb(40,116,252) 100%);--wp--preset--font-size--small: 13px;--wp--preset--font-size--medium: 20px;--wp--preset--font-size--large: 36px;--wp--preset--font-size--x-large: 42px;--wp--preset--spacing--20: 0.44rem;--wp--preset--spacing--30: 0.67rem;--wp--preset--spacing--40: 1rem;--wp--preset--spacing--50: 1.5rem;--wp--preset--spacing--60: 2.25rem;--wp--preset--spacing--70: 3.38rem;--wp--preset--spacing--80: 5.06rem;--wp--preset--shadow--natural: 6px 6px 9px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--deep: 12px 12px 50px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);--wp--preset--shadow--sharp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--outlined: 6px 6px 0px -3px rgba(255, 255, 255, 1), 6px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);--wp--preset--shadow--crisp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);}:where(.is-layout-flex){gap: 0.5em;}:where(.is-layout-grid){gap: 0.5em;}body .is-layout-flex{display: flex;}.is-layout-flex{flex-wrap: wrap;align-items: center;}.is-layout-flex > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}body .is-layout-grid{display: grid;}.is-layout-grid > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;}.has-black-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red) !important;}.has-very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-cool-to-warm-spectrum-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum) !important;}.has-blush-light-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple) !important;}.has-blush-bordeaux-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux) !important;}.has-luminous-dusk-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk) !important;}.has-pale-ocean-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean) !important;}.has-electric-grass-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass) !important;}.has-midnight-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--midnight) !important;}.has-small-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--small) !important;}.has-medium-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium) !important;}.has-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--large) !important;}.has-x-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--x-large) !important;} :where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;} :where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;} :root :where(.wp-block-pullquote){font-size: 1.5em;line-height: 1.6;} </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='font-awesome-5-css' href='https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/plugins/bb-plugin/fonts/fontawesome/5.15.4/css/all.min.css?ver=2.8.5.3' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='fl-builder-layout-104374-css' href='https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/bb-plugin/cache/104374-layout.css?ver=afff0d4cd36cf8d7929c741ad3a35fd7' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='dotdigital-for-wordpress-css' href='https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/plugins/dotmailer-sign-up-widget/public/css/dotdigital-wordpress-public.css?ver=7.2.4' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='related-frontend-css-css' href='https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/plugins/related/css/frontend-style.css?ver=3.4.1' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='fl-builder-layout-bundle-83b3cd2edf6d423821c5f301c49148b2-css' href='https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/bb-plugin/cache/83b3cd2edf6d423821c5f301c49148b2-layout-bundle.css?ver=2.8.5.3-1.4.11.2' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='toolset_bootstrap_styles-css' href='https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/plugins/cred-frontend-editor/vendor/toolset/toolset-common/res/lib/bootstrap3/css/bootstrap.css?ver=4.4.8' media='screen' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='toolset-maps-fixes-css' href='//www.cabi.org/wp-content/plugins/toolset-maps/resources/css/toolset_maps_fixes.css?ver=2.1.3' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='dashicons-css' href='https://www.cabi.org/wp-includes/css/dashicons.min.css?ver=6.7.1' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='toolset-select2-css-css' href='https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/plugins/cred-frontend-editor/vendor/toolset/toolset-common/res/lib/select2/select2.css?ver=6.7.1' media='screen' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='jquery-magnificpopup-css' href='https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/plugins/bb-plugin/css/jquery.magnificpopup.min.css?ver=2.8.5.3' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='bootstrap-4-css' href='https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/themes/bb-theme/css/bootstrap-4.min.css?ver=1.7.17.1' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='fl-automator-skin-css' href='https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/bb-theme/skin-673dc99016ac6.css?ver=1.7.17.1' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='theme-style-css' href='https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/themes/bb-theme-child/assets/css/style.min.css?ver=20241202' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='custom-theme-style-css' href='https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/themes/bb-theme-child/assets/css/style-new.css?ver=6.7.1' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='pp-animate-css' href='https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/plugins/bbpowerpack/assets/css/animate.min.css?ver=3.5.1' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='fl-builder-google-fonts-f15e2492a036736365753d05b0719fdc-css' href='//fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans%3A700%2C300%2C400&ver=6.7.1' media='all' /> <script src="https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/plugins/wp-views/vendor/toolset/common-es/public/toolset-common-es-frontend.js?ver=174000" id="toolset-common-es-frontend-js"></script> <script id="wk-tag-manager-script-js-after"> function shouldTrack(){ var trackLoggedIn = false; var loggedIn = false; if(!loggedIn){ return true; } else if( trackLoggedIn ) { return true; } return false; } function hasWKGoogleAnalyticsCookie() { return (new RegExp('wp_wk_ga_untrack_' + document.location.hostname)).test(document.cookie); } if (!hasWKGoogleAnalyticsCookie() && shouldTrack()) { //Google Tag Manager (function (w, d, s, l, i) { w[l] = w[l] || []; w[l].push({ 'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(), event: 'gtm.js' }); var f = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j = d.createElement(s), dl = l != 'dataLayer' ? '&l=' + l : ''; j.async = true; j.src = 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=' + i + dl; f.parentNode.insertBefore(j, f); })(window, document, 'script', 'dataLayer', 'GTM-M8JHD3W'); } </script> <script src="https://www.cabi.org/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery.min.js?ver=3.7.1" id="jquery-core-js"></script> <script src="https://www.cabi.org/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery-migrate.min.js?ver=3.4.1" id="jquery-migrate-js"></script> <script id="dotdigital_for_wordpress_public_js-js-extra"> var dotdigital_form_data = {"ajax_url":"https:\/\/www.cabi.org\/wp-json\/","nonce":"f8c288d363","generic_failure_message":"There was a problem signing you up."}; </script> <script src="https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/plugins/dotmailer-sign-up-widget/public/js/dotdigital-for-wordpress-public.js?ver=7.2.4" id="dotdigital_for_wordpress_public_js-js"></script> <script src="https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/themes/bb-theme-child/assets/js/custom.min.js?ver=20241202" id="custom-script-js"></script> <link rel="https://api.w.org/" href="https://www.cabi.org/wp-json/" /><link rel="alternate" title="JSON" type="application/json" href="https://www.cabi.org/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/104374" /><link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" title="RSD" href="https://www.cabi.org/xmlrpc.php?rsd" /> <meta name="generator" content="WordPress 6.7.1" /> <link rel='shortlink' href='https://www.cabi.org/?p=104374' /> <link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (JSON)" type="application/json+oembed" href="https://www.cabi.org/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cabi.org%2Fwhat-we-do%2Fscience-and-social-science-research%2F" /> <link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (XML)" type="text/xml+oembed" href="https://www.cabi.org/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cabi.org%2Fwhat-we-do%2Fscience-and-social-science-research%2F&format=xml" /> <script> var bb_powerpack = { search_term: '', version: '2.39.2', getAjaxUrl: function() { return atob( 'aHR0cHM6Ly9zaXRlLmNhYmkub3JnL3dwLWFkbWluL2FkbWluLWFqYXgucGhw' ); }, callback: function() {} }; </script>  <script> var _mtm = window._mtm = window._mtm || []; _mtm.push({'mtm.startTime': (new Date().getTime()), 'event': 'mtm.Start'}); (function() { var d=document, g=d.createElement('script'), s=d.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; g.async=true; g.src='https://matomo.cabi.org/js/container_7PvyuGCT.js'; s.parentNode.insertBefore(g,s); })(); </script>   <script type="text/plain" data-cli-class="cli-blocker-script" data-cli-script-type="analytics" data-cli-block="true" data-cli-element-position="head"> !function(f,b,e,v,n,t,s) {if(f.fbq)return;n=f.fbq=function(){n.callMethod? n.callMethod.apply(n,arguments):n.queue.push(arguments)}; if(!f._fbq)f._fbq=n;n.push=n;n.loaded=!0;n.version='2.0'; n.queue=[];t=b.createElement(e);t.async=!0; t.src=v;s=b.getElementsByTagName(e)[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(t,s)}(window, document,'script', 'https://connect.facebook.net/en_US/fbevents.js'); fbq('init', '408257293202866'); fbq('track', 'PageView'); </script> <noscript><img height="1" width="1" style="display:none" src="https://www.facebook.com/tr?id=408257293202866&ev=PageView&noscript=1" /></noscript>   <script> !function(e,t,n,s,u,a){e.twq||(s=e.twq=function(){s.exe?s.exe.apply(s,arguments):s.queue.push(arguments); },s.version='1.1',s.queue=[],u=t.createElement(n),u.async=!0,u.src='//static.ads-twitter.com/uwt.js', a=t.getElementsByTagName(n)[0],a.parentNode.insertBefore(u,a))}(window,document,'script'); // Insert Twitter Pixel ID and Standard Event data below twq('init','o2tcy'); twq('track','PageView'); </script>  <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.cookielaw.org/consent/c5aa676d-c917-4bf3-afb1-bb1ed4a2e78a/OtAutoBlock.js" ></script> <script src="https://cdn.cookielaw.org/scripttemplates/otSDKStub.js" type="text/javascript" charset="UTF-8" data-domain-script="c5aa676d-c917-4bf3-afb1-bb1ed4a2e78a" ></script> <script type="text/javascript"> function OptanonWrapper() { } </script>  <script type="text/plain" data-cli-class="cli-blocker-script" data-cli-script-type="analytics" data-cli-block="true" data-cli-element-position="head"> !function(f,b,e,v,n,t,s){if(f.fbq)return;n=f.fbq=function(){n.callMethod? n.callMethod.apply(n,arguments):n.queue.push(arguments)};if(!f._fbq)f._fbq=n; n.push=n;n.loaded=!0;n.version='2.0';n.queue=[];t=b.createElement(e);t.async=!0; t.src=v;s=b.getElementsByTagName(e)[0];s.parentNode.insertBefore(t,s)}(window, document,'script','https://connect.facebook.net/en_US/fbevents.js?v=next'); </script>  <script type="text/plain" data-cli-class="cli-blocker-script" data-cli-script-type="analytics" data-cli-block="true" data-cli-element-position="head"> var url = window.location.origin + '?ob=open-bridge'; fbq('set', 'openbridge', '1864026627438029', url); </script> <script type="text/plain" data-cli-class="cli-blocker-script" data-cli-script-type="analytics" data-cli-block="true" data-cli-element-position="head">fbq('init', '1864026627438029', {}, { "agent": "wordpress-6.7.1-4.0.1" })</script><script type="text/plain" data-cli-class="cli-blocker-script" data-cli-script-type="analytics" data-cli-block="true" data-cli-element-position="head"> fbq('track', 'PageView', []); </script>  <noscript> <img height="1" width="1" style="display:none" alt="fbpx" src="https://www.facebook.com/tr?id=1864026627438029&ev=PageView&noscript=1" /> </noscript>  <script> window.addEventListener("load",function(){ var c={script:false,link:false}; function ls(s) { if(!['script','link'].includes(s)||c[s]){return;}c[s]=true; var d=document,f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s); if(s==='script'){j.async=true;j.src='https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/plugins/wp-views/vendor/toolset/blocks/public/js/frontend.js?v=1.6.14';}else{ j.rel='stylesheet';j.href='https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/plugins/wp-views/vendor/toolset/blocks/public/css/style.css?v=1.6.14';} f.parentNode.insertBefore(j, f); }; function ex(){ls('script');ls('link')} window.addEventListener("scroll", ex, {once: true}); if (('IntersectionObserver' in window) && ('IntersectionObserverEntry' in window) && ('intersectionRatio' in window.IntersectionObserverEntry.prototype)) { var i = 0, fb = document.querySelectorAll("[class^='tb-']"), o = new IntersectionObserver(es => { es.forEach(e => { o.unobserve(e.target); if (e.intersectionRatio > 0) { ex();o.disconnect();}else{ i++;if(fb.length>i){o.observe(fb[i])}} }) }); if (fb.length) { o.observe(fb[i]) } } }) </script> <noscript> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/plugins/wp-views/vendor/toolset/blocks/public/css/style.css"> </noscript><link rel="icon" href="https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/cropped-CABI-favicon-1-32x32.png" sizes="32x32" /> <link rel="icon" href="https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/cropped-CABI-favicon-1-192x192.png" sizes="192x192" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/cropped-CABI-favicon-1-180x180.png" /> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/cropped-CABI-favicon-1-270x270.png" /> </head> <body class="page-template-default page page-id-104374 page-child parent-pageid-42 fl-builder fl-builder-2-8-5-3 fl-themer-1-4-11-2 fl-theme-1-7-17-1 fl-theme-builder-header fl-theme-builder-header-header-2 fl-theme-builder-singular fl-theme-builder-singular-content-page-new-template fl-theme-builder-footer fl-theme-builder-footer-footer-new2024 fl-framework-bootstrap-4 fl-preset-default fl-full-width fl-search-active" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/WebPage"> <noscript> <iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-M8JHD3W" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe> </noscript> <a aria-label="Skip to content" class="fl-screen-reader-text" href="#fl-main-content">Skip to content</a><div class="fl-page"> <header class="fl-builder-content fl-builder-content-128309 fl-builder-global-templates-locked" data-post-id="128309" data-type="header" data-sticky="1" data-sticky-on="" data-sticky-breakpoint="medium" data-shrink="0" data-overlay="1" data-overlay-bg="default" data-shrink-image-height="50px" role="banner" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="http://schema.org/WPHeader"><div class="fl-row fl-row-full-width fl-row-bg-color fl-node-5bd8a8ba5fa60 fl-row-default-height fl-row-align-center fl-visible-desktop fl-visible-large fl-visible-medium cabi-header" data-node="5bd8a8ba5fa60"> <div class="fl-row-content-wrap"> <div class="fl-row-content fl-row-fixed-width fl-node-content"> <div class="fl-col-group fl-node-5bd8a8ba586a5 fl-col-group-equal-height fl-col-group-align-center" data-node="5bd8a8ba586a5"> <div class="fl-col fl-node-5bd8a8ba586ee fl-col-bg-color fl-col-small" data-node="5bd8a8ba586ee"> <div class="fl-col-content fl-node-content"><div class="fl-module fl-module-photo fl-node-5bd8a8ba587bc" data-node="5bd8a8ba587bc"> <div class="fl-module-content fl-node-content"> <div class="fl-photo fl-photo-align-left" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/ImageObject"> <div class="fl-photo-content fl-photo-img-png"> <a href="https://www.cabi.org/" target="_self" itemprop="url"> <img decoding="async" class="fl-photo-img" src="https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/CABI_Logo_White.png" alt="CABI_Logo_White.png" itemprop="image" title="CABI_Logo_White.png" data-no-lazy="1" /> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="fl-col fl-node-5bd8a8ba58733 fl-col-bg-color" data-node="5bd8a8ba58733"> <div class="fl-col-content fl-node-content"><div class="fl-module fl-module-menu fl-node-5d4ebb721d36d" data-node="5d4ebb721d36d"> <div class="fl-module-content fl-node-content"> <div class="fl-menu fl-menu-responsive-toggle-mobile"> <button class="fl-menu-mobile-toggle hamburger" aria-label="Menu"><span class="fl-menu-icon svg-container"><svg version="1.1" class="hamburger-menu" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" viewBox="0 0 512 512"> <rect class="fl-hamburger-menu-top" width="512" height="102"/> <rect class="fl-hamburger-menu-middle" y="205" width="512" height="102"/> <rect class="fl-hamburger-menu-bottom" y="410" width="512" height="102"/> </svg> </span></button> <div class="fl-clear"></div> <nav aria-label="Menu" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/SiteNavigationElement"><ul id="menu-header-top-bar" class="menu fl-menu-horizontal fl-toggle-none"><li id="menu-item-128170" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children fl-has-submenu"><div class="fl-has-submenu-container"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/about-cabi/">About CABI</a><span class="fl-menu-toggle"></span></div><ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-135110" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/about-cabi/our-mission-strategies/">Our mission & strategies</a></li> <li id="menu-item-135108" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/about-cabi/annual-reviews-and-financials/">Annual reviews and financials</a></li> <li id="menu-item-135111" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/about-cabi/our-policies/">Our policies</a></li> <li id="menu-item-135109" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/about-cabi/our-history/">Our history</a></li> <li id="menu-item-135112" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/about-cabi/membership/">Membership</a></li> <li id="menu-item-135113" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/about-cabi/how-we-are-managed/">How we are managed</a></li></ul></li><li id="menu-item-3032249" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/news-and-media/">News & Blogs</a></li><li id="menu-item-135094" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom"><a target="_blank" href="https://cabi.ciphr-irecruit.com/templates/CIPHR/job_list.aspx">Careers</a></li><li id="menu-item-92420" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/contact-us/">Contact us</a></li><li id="menu-item-135095" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/about-cabi/membership/">Members</a></li><li id="menu-item-463" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children fl-has-submenu"><div class="fl-has-submenu-container"><a href="/what-we-do/cabi-centres/">CABI centres</a><span class="fl-menu-toggle"></span></div><ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-141438" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-centre"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/cabi-centre/brazil/">Brazil</a></li> <li id="menu-item-127981" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-centre"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/cabi-centre/china/">China</a></li> <li id="menu-item-127979" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-centre"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/cabi-centre/ghana/">Ghana</a></li> <li id="menu-item-127980" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-centre"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/cabi-centre/india/">India</a></li> <li id="menu-item-127975" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-centre"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/cabi-centre/kenya/">Kenya</a></li> <li id="menu-item-127982" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-centre"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/cabi-centre/malaysia/">Malaysia</a></li> <li id="menu-item-127978" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-centre"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/cabi-centre/pakistan/">Pakistan</a></li> <li id="menu-item-127974" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-centre"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/cabi-centre/switzerland/">Switzerland</a></li> <li id="menu-item-141439" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-centre"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/cabi-centre/trinidad-and-tobago/">Trinidad and Tobago</a></li> <li id="menu-item-127977" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-centre"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/cabi-centre/uk/">United Kingdom</a></li> <li id="menu-item-141437" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-centre"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/cabi-centre/usa/">United States of America</a></li> <li id="menu-item-127983" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-centre"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/cabi-centre/zambia/">Zambia</a></li></ul></li></ul></nav></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="fl-col fl-node-5bd8a8ba58777 fl-col-bg-color fl-col-small" data-node="5bd8a8ba58777"> <div class="fl-col-content fl-node-content"><div class="fl-module fl-module-button fl-node-5bd8a8ba5884c" data-node="5bd8a8ba5884c"> <div class="fl-module-content fl-node-content"> <div class="fl-button-wrap fl-button-width-full fl-button-right"> <a href="https://www.cabi.org/stay-informed/" target="_self" class="fl-button"> <span class="fl-button-text">Sign up for updates</span> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="fl-col fl-node-5c7ce02e312c1 fl-col-bg-color fl-col-small" data-node="5c7ce02e312c1"> <div class="fl-col-content fl-node-content"><div class="fl-module fl-module-pp-social-icons fl-node-5c7ce02e2fe1e" data-node="5c7ce02e2fe1e"> <div class="fl-module-content fl-node-content"> <div class="pp-social-icons pp-social-icons-horizontal"> <span class="pp-social-icon" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Organization"> <link itemprop="url" href="https://www.cabi.org"> <a itemprop="sameAs" href="http://www.facebook.com/CABI.development" target="_blank" title="" aria-label="" role="button" rel="noopener noreferrer external" > <i class="fab fa-facebook-f"></i> </a> </span> <span class="pp-social-icon" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Organization"> <link itemprop="url" href="https://www.cabi.org"> <a itemprop="sameAs" href="https://twitter.com/CABI_News" target="_blank" title="X (Twitter)" aria-label="X (Twitter)" role="button" rel="noopener noreferrer external" > <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path d="M389.2 48h70.6L305.6 224.2 487 464H345L233.7 318.6 106.5 464H35.8L200.7 275.5 26.8 48H172.4L272.9 180.9 389.2 48zM364.4 421.8h39.1L151.1 88h-42L364.4 421.8z"></path></svg>  </a> </span> <span class="pp-social-icon" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Organization"> <link itemprop="url" href="https://www.cabi.org"> <a itemprop="sameAs" href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/cabi" target="_blank" title="" aria-label="" role="button" rel="noopener noreferrer external" > <i class="fab fa-linkedin-in"></i> </a> </span> <span class="pp-social-icon" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Organization"> <link itemprop="url" href="https://www.cabi.org"> <a itemprop="sameAs" href="https://www.youtube.com/user/CABIvideo" target="_blank" title="" aria-label="" role="button" rel="noopener noreferrer external" > <i class="fab fa-youtube"></i> </a> </span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="fl-row fl-row-full-width fl-row-bg-color fl-node-5c8f2c152f005 fl-row-default-height fl-row-align-center fl-visible-mobile cabi-mobile-header" data-node="5c8f2c152f005"> <div class="fl-row-content-wrap"> <div class="fl-row-content fl-row-fixed-width fl-node-content"> <div class="fl-col-group fl-node-5d5eb023bccbe" data-node="5d5eb023bccbe"> <div class="fl-col fl-node-5d5eb023bce19 fl-col-bg-color fl-col-small" data-node="5d5eb023bce19"> <div class="fl-col-content fl-node-content"><div class="fl-module fl-module-pp-image fl-node-5cc2f2cbc7791" data-node="5cc2f2cbc7791"> <div class="fl-module-content fl-node-content"> <div class="pp-photo-container"> <div class="pp-photo pp-photo-align-center pp-photo-align-responsive-default" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject"> <div class="pp-photo-content"> <div class="pp-photo-content-inner"> <a href="https://www.cabi.org/" target="_self" itemprop="url"> <img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="290" height="85" class="pp-photo-img wp-image-89" src="https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/CABI_Logo_White.png" alt="CABI_Logo_White" itemprop="image" title="CABI_Logo_White" /> <div class="pp-overlay-bg"></div> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="fl-col fl-node-5d5eb023bce1f fl-col-bg-color fl-col-small" data-node="5d5eb023bce1f"> <div class="fl-col-content fl-node-content"><div class="fl-module fl-module-pp-advanced-menu fl-node-5c8f2c152f8af custom-mobile-menu" data-node="5c8f2c152f8af"> <div class="fl-module-content fl-node-content"> <div class="pp-advanced-menu pp-advanced-menu-accordion-collapse pp-menu-default pp-menu-align-left pp-menu-position-below"> <div class="pp-clear"></div> <nav class="pp-menu-nav" aria-label="Header - Main Nav" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/SiteNavigationElement"> <ul id="menu-header-main-nav" class="menu pp-advanced-menu-horizontal pp-toggle-arrows"><li id="menu-item-92414" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page current-page-ancestor current-menu-ancestor current-menu-parent current-page-parent current_page_parent current_page_ancestor menu-item-has-children pp-has-submenu"><div class="pp-has-submenu-container"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/"><span class="menu-item-text">What we do<span class="pp-menu-toggle" tabindex="0" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="What we do: submenu" role="button"></span></span></a></div><ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-147800" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/areas-of-expertise/"><span class="menu-item-text">Our expertise</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-107828" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/where-we-work/"><span class="menu-item-text">Where we work</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-125471" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/how-we-work/"><span class="menu-item-text">How we work</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-1162875" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/responding-to-emerging-threats/"><span class="menu-item-text">Responding to emerging threats</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-125550" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/stories-of-impact/"><span class="menu-item-text">Stories of impact</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-3031085" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/cabi-publications/"><span class="menu-item-text">Publications</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-125477" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page current-menu-item page_item page-item-104374 current_page_item"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/science-and-social-science-research/" aria-current="page"><span class="menu-item-text">Biological and social science</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-147976" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/about-cabi/cabi-people/"><span class="menu-item-text">Our people</span></a></li></ul></li><li id="menu-item-3025738" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children pp-has-submenu"><div class="pp-has-submenu-container"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/products-and-services/"><span class="menu-item-text">Products and services<span class="pp-menu-toggle" tabindex="0" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Products and services: submenu" role="button"></span></span></a></div><ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-3031011" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/publishing-products/"><span class="menu-item-text">Publishing Products</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-3031010" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/publishing-resources/"><span class="menu-item-text">Publishing Resources</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-3031001" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom"><a href="https://www.cabidigitallibrary.org/"><span class="menu-item-text">CABI Digital Library</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-3031002" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom"><a href="https://bioprotectionportal.com/"><span class="menu-item-text">CABI BioProtection Portal</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-3025751" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/products-and-services/academy/"><span class="menu-item-text">CABI Academy</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-116869" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/products-and-services/bioscience-services/"><span class="menu-item-text">Bioscience services</span></a></li></ul></li><li id="menu-item-3031003" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children pp-has-submenu"><div class="pp-has-submenu-container"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/cabi-projects?section=1&order=date-desc"><span class="menu-item-text">Projects<span class="pp-menu-toggle" tabindex="0" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Projects: submenu" role="button"></span></span></a></div><ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-3031004" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/plantwiseplus/"><span class="menu-item-text">PlantwisePlus</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-3031005" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/uk-cgiar-centre/"><span class="menu-item-text">UK CGIAR Centre</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-3031006" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/projects/juno-transforming-evidence-for-agriculture-food-and-climate/"><span class="menu-item-text">Juno</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-3034703" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/global-burden-crop-loss/"><span class="menu-item-text">Global Burden of Crop Loss</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-3031008" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/cabi-projects?section=1&order=date-desc"><span class="menu-item-text">Search projects</span></a></li></ul></li></ul> </nav> </div> <div class="pp-advanced-menu-mobile"> <button class="pp-advanced-menu-mobile-toggle hamburger-label" tabindex="0" aria-label="Menu"> <div class="pp-hamburger"><div class="pp-hamburger-box"><div class="pp-hamburger-inner"></div></div></div><span class="pp-advanced-menu-mobile-toggle-label">Menu</span> </button> </div> <div class="pp-advanced-menu pp-advanced-menu-accordion-collapse off-canvas pp-menu-position-below"> <div class="pp-clear"></div> <nav class="pp-menu-nav pp-off-canvas-menu pp-menu-right" aria-label="Header - Main Nav" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/SiteNavigationElement"> <a href="javascript:void(0)" class="pp-menu-close-btn" aria-label="Close the menu" role="button">脳</a> <ul id="menu-header-main-nav-1" class="menu pp-advanced-menu-horizontal pp-toggle-arrows"><li id="menu-item-92414" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page current-page-ancestor current-menu-ancestor current-menu-parent current-page-parent current_page_parent current_page_ancestor menu-item-has-children pp-has-submenu"><div class="pp-has-submenu-container"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/"><span class="menu-item-text">What we do<span class="pp-menu-toggle" tabindex="0" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="What we do: submenu" role="button"></span></span></a></div><ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-147800" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/areas-of-expertise/"><span class="menu-item-text">Our expertise</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-107828" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/where-we-work/"><span class="menu-item-text">Where we work</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-125471" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/how-we-work/"><span class="menu-item-text">How we work</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-1162875" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/responding-to-emerging-threats/"><span class="menu-item-text">Responding to emerging threats</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-125550" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/stories-of-impact/"><span class="menu-item-text">Stories of impact</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-3031085" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/cabi-publications/"><span class="menu-item-text">Publications</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-125477" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page current-menu-item page_item page-item-104374 current_page_item"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/science-and-social-science-research/" aria-current="page"><span class="menu-item-text">Biological and social science</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-147976" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/about-cabi/cabi-people/"><span class="menu-item-text">Our people</span></a></li></ul></li><li id="menu-item-3025738" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children pp-has-submenu"><div class="pp-has-submenu-container"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/products-and-services/"><span class="menu-item-text">Products and services<span class="pp-menu-toggle" tabindex="0" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Products and services: submenu" role="button"></span></span></a></div><ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-3031011" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/publishing-products/"><span class="menu-item-text">Publishing Products</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-3031010" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/publishing-resources/"><span class="menu-item-text">Publishing Resources</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-3031001" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom"><a href="https://www.cabidigitallibrary.org/"><span class="menu-item-text">CABI Digital Library</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-3031002" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom"><a href="https://bioprotectionportal.com/"><span class="menu-item-text">CABI BioProtection Portal</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-3025751" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/products-and-services/academy/"><span class="menu-item-text">CABI Academy</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-116869" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/products-and-services/bioscience-services/"><span class="menu-item-text">Bioscience services</span></a></li></ul></li><li id="menu-item-3031003" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children pp-has-submenu"><div class="pp-has-submenu-container"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/cabi-projects?section=1&order=date-desc"><span class="menu-item-text">Projects<span class="pp-menu-toggle" tabindex="0" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Projects: submenu" role="button"></span></span></a></div><ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-3031004" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/plantwiseplus/"><span class="menu-item-text">PlantwisePlus</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-3031005" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/uk-cgiar-centre/"><span class="menu-item-text">UK CGIAR Centre</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-3031006" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/projects/juno-transforming-evidence-for-agriculture-food-and-climate/"><span class="menu-item-text">Juno</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-3034703" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/global-burden-crop-loss/"><span class="menu-item-text">Global Burden of Crop Loss</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-3031008" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/cabi-projects?section=1&order=date-desc"><span class="menu-item-text">Search projects</span></a></li></ul></li></ul> </nav> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="fl-col fl-node-5d5eb023bce21 fl-col-bg-color fl-col-small" data-node="5d5eb023bce21"> <div class="fl-col-content fl-node-content"><div class="fl-module fl-module-widget fl-node-5c8f2c152f938 fl-visible-desktop fl-visible-large mobile-searchbar" data-node="5c8f2c152f938"> <div class="fl-module-content fl-node-content"> <div class="fl-widget"> <div class="widget widget_search"><h2 class="widgettitle">Search</h2><form method="get" role="search" action="https://www.cabi.org" title="Type and press Enter to search."> <input type="search" class="fl-search-input form-control" name="q" value="Search" onfocus="if (this.value == 'Search') { this.value = ''; }" onblur="if (this.value == '') this.value='Search';" placeholder="Type here to search"> <div class="excet-pharse"><input type="checkbox" class="fl-search-input form-control" id="exact" name="exact" value="true"><label for="exact"> Search exact phrase</label></div> </form> </div></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="fl-col fl-node-5d5eb023bce23 fl-col-bg-color fl-col-small" data-node="5d5eb023bce23"> <div class="fl-col-content fl-node-content"><div class="fl-module fl-module-icon-group fl-node-5d5eb03922f35 fl-visible-desktop fl-visible-large" data-node="5d5eb03922f35"> <div class="fl-module-content fl-node-content"> <div class="fl-icon-group"> <span class="fl-icon"> <i class="fab fa-facebook" aria-hidden="true"></i> </span> <span class="fl-icon"> <i class="fab fa-twitter" aria-hidden="true"></i> </span> <span class="fl-icon"> <i class="fab fa-linkedin" aria-hidden="true"></i> </span> <span class="fl-icon"> <i class="fab fa-youtube" aria-hidden="true"></i> </span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="fl-row fl-row-full-width fl-row-bg-color fl-node-5bd8789fd5474 fl-row-default-height fl-row-align-center fl-visible-desktop fl-visible-large fl-visible-medium cabi_subheader cabi_section_header" data-node="5bd8789fd5474"> <div class="fl-row-content-wrap"> <div class="fl-row-content fl-row-fixed-width fl-node-content"> <div class="fl-col-group fl-node-5bd87fa93eca2" data-node="5bd87fa93eca2"> <div class="fl-col fl-node-5bd87fa93eda2 fl-col-bg-color" data-node="5bd87fa93eda2"> <div class="fl-col-content fl-node-content"><div class="fl-module fl-module-pp-advanced-menu fl-node-5bd87fa93ebf3 fl-visible-desktop fl-visible-large fl-visible-medium" data-node="5bd87fa93ebf3"> <div class="fl-module-content fl-node-content"> <div class="pp-advanced-menu pp-advanced-menu-accordion-collapse pp-menu-default pp-menu-align-left pp-menu-position-below"> <div class="pp-clear"></div> <nav class="pp-menu-nav" aria-label="Header - Main Nav" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/SiteNavigationElement"> <ul id="menu-header-main-nav-2" class="menu pp-advanced-menu-horizontal pp-toggle-arrows"><li id="menu-item-92414" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page current-page-ancestor current-menu-ancestor current-menu-parent current-page-parent current_page_parent current_page_ancestor menu-item-has-children pp-has-submenu"><div class="pp-has-submenu-container"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/"><span class="menu-item-text">What we do<span class="pp-menu-toggle" tabindex="0" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="What we do: submenu" role="button"></span></span></a></div><ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-147800" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/areas-of-expertise/"><span class="menu-item-text">Our expertise</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-107828" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/where-we-work/"><span class="menu-item-text">Where we work</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-125471" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/how-we-work/"><span class="menu-item-text">How we work</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-1162875" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/responding-to-emerging-threats/"><span class="menu-item-text">Responding to emerging threats</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-125550" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/stories-of-impact/"><span class="menu-item-text">Stories of impact</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-3031085" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/cabi-publications/"><span class="menu-item-text">Publications</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-125477" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page current-menu-item page_item page-item-104374 current_page_item"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/science-and-social-science-research/" aria-current="page"><span class="menu-item-text">Biological and social science</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-147976" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/about-cabi/cabi-people/"><span class="menu-item-text">Our people</span></a></li></ul></li><li id="menu-item-3025738" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children pp-has-submenu"><div class="pp-has-submenu-container"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/products-and-services/"><span class="menu-item-text">Products and services<span class="pp-menu-toggle" tabindex="0" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Products and services: submenu" role="button"></span></span></a></div><ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-3031011" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/publishing-products/"><span class="menu-item-text">Publishing Products</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-3031010" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/publishing-resources/"><span class="menu-item-text">Publishing Resources</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-3031001" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom"><a href="https://www.cabidigitallibrary.org/"><span class="menu-item-text">CABI Digital Library</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-3031002" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom"><a href="https://bioprotectionportal.com/"><span class="menu-item-text">CABI BioProtection Portal</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-3025751" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/products-and-services/academy/"><span class="menu-item-text">CABI Academy</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-116869" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/products-and-services/bioscience-services/"><span class="menu-item-text">Bioscience services</span></a></li></ul></li><li id="menu-item-3031003" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children pp-has-submenu"><div class="pp-has-submenu-container"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/cabi-projects?section=1&order=date-desc"><span class="menu-item-text">Projects<span class="pp-menu-toggle" tabindex="0" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Projects: submenu" role="button"></span></span></a></div><ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-3031004" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/plantwiseplus/"><span class="menu-item-text">PlantwisePlus</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-3031005" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/uk-cgiar-centre/"><span class="menu-item-text">UK CGIAR Centre</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-3031006" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/projects/juno-transforming-evidence-for-agriculture-food-and-climate/"><span class="menu-item-text">Juno</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-3034703" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/global-burden-crop-loss/"><span class="menu-item-text">Global Burden of Crop Loss</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-3031008" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/cabi-projects?section=1&order=date-desc"><span class="menu-item-text">Search projects</span></a></li></ul></li></ul> </nav> </div> <div class="pp-advanced-menu-mobile"> <button class="pp-advanced-menu-mobile-toggle hamburger" tabindex="0" aria-label="Menu"> <div class="pp-hamburger"><div class="pp-hamburger-box"><div class="pp-hamburger-inner"></div></div></div> </button> </div> <div class="pp-advanced-menu pp-advanced-menu-accordion-collapse off-canvas pp-menu-position-below"> <div class="pp-clear"></div> <nav class="pp-menu-nav pp-off-canvas-menu pp-menu-right" aria-label="Header - Main Nav" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/SiteNavigationElement"> <a href="javascript:void(0)" class="pp-menu-close-btn" aria-label="Close the menu" role="button">脳</a> <ul id="menu-header-main-nav-3" class="menu pp-advanced-menu-horizontal pp-toggle-arrows"><li id="menu-item-92414" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page current-page-ancestor current-menu-ancestor current-menu-parent current-page-parent current_page_parent current_page_ancestor menu-item-has-children pp-has-submenu"><div class="pp-has-submenu-container"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/"><span class="menu-item-text">What we do<span class="pp-menu-toggle" tabindex="0" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="What we do: submenu" role="button"></span></span></a></div><ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-147800" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/areas-of-expertise/"><span class="menu-item-text">Our expertise</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-107828" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/where-we-work/"><span class="menu-item-text">Where we work</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-125471" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/how-we-work/"><span class="menu-item-text">How we work</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-1162875" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/responding-to-emerging-threats/"><span class="menu-item-text">Responding to emerging threats</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-125550" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/stories-of-impact/"><span class="menu-item-text">Stories of impact</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-3031085" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/cabi-publications/"><span class="menu-item-text">Publications</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-125477" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page current-menu-item page_item page-item-104374 current_page_item"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/science-and-social-science-research/" aria-current="page"><span class="menu-item-text">Biological and social science</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-147976" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/about-cabi/cabi-people/"><span class="menu-item-text">Our people</span></a></li></ul></li><li id="menu-item-3025738" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children pp-has-submenu"><div class="pp-has-submenu-container"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/products-and-services/"><span class="menu-item-text">Products and services<span class="pp-menu-toggle" tabindex="0" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Products and services: submenu" role="button"></span></span></a></div><ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-3031011" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/publishing-products/"><span class="menu-item-text">Publishing Products</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-3031010" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/publishing-resources/"><span class="menu-item-text">Publishing Resources</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-3031001" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom"><a href="https://www.cabidigitallibrary.org/"><span class="menu-item-text">CABI Digital Library</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-3031002" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom"><a href="https://bioprotectionportal.com/"><span class="menu-item-text">CABI BioProtection Portal</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-3025751" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/products-and-services/academy/"><span class="menu-item-text">CABI Academy</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-116869" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/products-and-services/bioscience-services/"><span class="menu-item-text">Bioscience services</span></a></li></ul></li><li id="menu-item-3031003" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children pp-has-submenu"><div class="pp-has-submenu-container"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/cabi-projects?section=1&order=date-desc"><span class="menu-item-text">Projects<span class="pp-menu-toggle" tabindex="0" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Projects: submenu" role="button"></span></span></a></div><ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-3031004" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/plantwiseplus/"><span class="menu-item-text">PlantwisePlus</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-3031005" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/uk-cgiar-centre/"><span class="menu-item-text">UK CGIAR Centre</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-3031006" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/projects/juno-transforming-evidence-for-agriculture-food-and-climate/"><span class="menu-item-text">Juno</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-3034703" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/global-burden-crop-loss/"><span class="menu-item-text">Global Burden of Crop Loss</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-3031008" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/cabi-projects?section=1&order=date-desc"><span class="menu-item-text">Search projects</span></a></li></ul></li></ul> </nav> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="fl-col fl-node-5c8cdfa76d30b fl-col-bg-color fl-col-small" data-node="5c8cdfa76d30b"> <div class="fl-col-content fl-node-content"><div class="fl-module fl-module-widget fl-node-5c8cdfa76c7fd cabi-searchbar" data-node="5c8cdfa76c7fd"> <div class="fl-module-content fl-node-content"> <div class="fl-widget"> <div class="widget widget_search"><h2 class="widgettitle">Search</h2><form method="get" role="search" action="https://www.cabi.org" title="Type and press Enter to search."> <input type="search" class="fl-search-input form-control" name="q" value="Search" onfocus="if (this.value == 'Search') { this.value = ''; }" onblur="if (this.value == '') this.value='Search';" placeholder="Type here to search"> <div class="excet-pharse"><input type="checkbox" class="fl-search-input form-control" id="exact" name="exact" value="true"><label for="exact"> Search exact phrase</label></div> </form> </div></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div id="fl-main-content" class="fl-page-content" itemprop="mainContentOfPage" role="main"> <div class="fl-content-full container"> <div class="row"> <div class="fl-content col-md-12"> <article class="fl-post post-104374 page type-page status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry tag-what-we-do" id="fl-post-104374" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/CreativeWork"> <div class="fl-post-content clearfix" itemprop="text"> <div class="fl-builder-content fl-builder-content-104374 fl-builder-content-primary fl-builder-global-templates-locked" data-post-id="104374"><div class="fl-row fl-row-full-width fl-row-bg-photo fl-node-5d42986642f45 fl-row-custom-height fl-row-align-center fl-row-bg-overlay cabi-banner" data-node="5d42986642f45"> <div class="fl-row-content-wrap"> <div class="pp-down-arrow-container"> <div class="pp-down-arrow-wrap"> <div class="pp-down-arrow" data-row-id="5d42986642f45" data-top-offset="0" data-transition-speed="500"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="presentation"><path stroke="null" d="m1.00122,14.45485c0,-0.24438 0.10878,-0.48877 0.32411,-0.67587c0.4329,-0.37231 1.13663,-0.37231 1.56952,0l19.19382,16.50735l19.19381,-16.50735c0.4329,-0.37231 1.13663,-0.37231 1.56952,0s0.43289,0.97753 0,1.34983l-19.97969,17.18324c-0.43289,0.3723 -1.13662,0.3723 -1.56951,0l-19.97969,-17.18324c-0.21755,-0.1871 -0.32411,-0.43149 -0.32411,-0.67587l0.00222,0.00191z" fill="#000000" id="svg_1"/></svg> </div> </div> </div> <div class="fl-row-content fl-row-full-width fl-node-content"> <div class="fl-col-group fl-node-5d0a74057f739" data-node="5d0a74057f739"> <div class="fl-col fl-node-5d0a74057f77c fl-col-bg-color" data-node="5d0a74057f77c"> <div class="fl-col-content fl-node-content"><div class="fl-module fl-module-rich-text fl-node-5d64ccc13f26f fl-animation fl-fade-in" data-node="5d64ccc13f26f" data-animation-delay="0" data-animation-duration="1"> <div class="fl-module-content fl-node-content"> <div class="fl-rich-text"> <div class="banner-txt"> <div class="centered"> <h1>Biological and social science</h1> <p></p> <h2>CABI conducts science to find practical solutions to the most pressing problems in agriculture and the environment</h2> <p></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="fl-row fl-row-full-width fl-row-bg-none fl-node-5d0386704eb11 fl-row-default-height fl-row-align-center" data-node="5d0386704eb11"> <div class="fl-row-content-wrap"> <div class="fl-row-content fl-row-fixed-width fl-node-content"> <div class="fl-col-group fl-node-5d03867066a0f" data-node="5d03867066a0f"> <div class="fl-col fl-node-5d03867066c24 fl-col-bg-color" data-node="5d03867066c24"> <div class="fl-col-content fl-node-content"><div class="fl-module fl-module-rich-text fl-node-5d0386704e5c5 cabi-breadcrumb" data-node="5d0386704e5c5"> <div class="fl-module-content fl-node-content"> <div class="fl-rich-text"> <p> You are here: <span><span><a href="https://www.cabi.org/">Home</a></span> / <span><a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/">What we do</a></span> / <span class="breadcrumb_last" aria-current="page">Biological and social science</span></span></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="fl-row fl-row-fixed-width fl-row-bg-none fl-node-5d09f9e939fdd fl-row-default-height fl-row-align-center" data-node="5d09f9e939fdd"> <div class="fl-row-content-wrap"> <div class="fl-row-content fl-row-fixed-width fl-node-content"> <div class="fl-col-group fl-node-5d09f9e93a01b" data-node="5d09f9e93a01b"> <div class="fl-col fl-node-5d09f9e93a05a fl-col-bg-color" data-node="5d09f9e93a05a"> <div class="fl-col-content fl-node-content"><div class="fl-module fl-module-heading fl-node-5d09f9e93a097" data-node="5d09f9e93a097"> <div class="fl-module-content fl-node-content"> <h2 class="fl-heading"> <span class="fl-heading-text">Using science to solve global challenges</span> </h2> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="fl-col-group fl-node-5d09f9e939f1e" data-node="5d09f9e939f1e"> <div class="fl-col fl-node-5d09f9e939f60 fl-col-bg-color" data-node="5d09f9e939f60"> <div class="fl-col-content fl-node-content"><div class="fl-module fl-module-rich-text fl-node-5d09f9e939f9f" data-node="5d09f9e939f9f"> <div class="fl-module-content fl-node-content"> <div class="fl-rich-text"> <p style="text-align: center;">Our science finds practical solutions to the most pressing problems in agriculture and the environment, whether it’s working out how to stop pests destroying a crop or measuring the effects invasive species are having in a specific region.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="fl-row fl-row-full-width fl-row-bg-photo fl-node-5d0a02fb9e5e5 fl-row-custom-height fl-row-align-center fl-row-bg-overlay fl-row-bg-fixed" data-node="5d0a02fb9e5e5"> <div class="fl-row-content-wrap"> <div class="fl-row-content fl-row-fixed-width fl-node-content"> <div class="fl-col-group fl-node-5d0a02fb9e767" data-node="5d0a02fb9e767"> <div class="fl-col fl-node-5d0a02fb9e7a8 fl-col-bg-color" data-node="5d0a02fb9e7a8"> <div class="fl-col-content fl-node-content"><div class="fl-module fl-module-heading fl-node-5d0a02fb9e7e6" data-node="5d0a02fb9e7e6"> <div class="fl-module-content fl-node-content"> <h2 class="fl-heading"> <span class="fl-heading-text">Our scientific publications are used by international researchers, extension workers and policy makers to improve knowledge in the life sciences and international development</span> </h2> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="fl-row fl-row-fixed-width fl-row-bg-none fl-node-5d3f1eb864d06 fl-row-default-height fl-row-align-center" data-node="5d3f1eb864d06"> <div class="fl-row-content-wrap"> <div class="fl-row-content fl-row-fixed-width fl-node-content"> <div class="fl-col-group fl-node-5d3f1eb864bb0 fl-col-group-equal-height fl-col-group-align-center fl-col-group-custom-width" data-node="5d3f1eb864bb0"> <div class="fl-col fl-node-5d3f1eb864bf5 fl-col-bg-color fl-col-small fl-col-small-custom-width" data-node="5d3f1eb864bf5"> <div class="fl-col-content fl-node-content"><div class="fl-module fl-module-photo fl-node-5d3f1eb864c79" data-node="5d3f1eb864c79"> <div class="fl-module-content fl-node-content"> <div class="fl-photo fl-photo-align-center" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/ImageObject"> <div class="fl-photo-content fl-photo-img-jpg"> <img fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" width="1536" height="1024" class="fl-photo-img wp-image-123856" src="https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/What-we-do/Science2_0314.jpg" alt="Scientists in the field" itemprop="image" title="Science2_0314" srcset="https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/What-we-do/Science2_0314.jpg 1536w, https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/What-we-do/Science2_0314-300x200.jpg 300w, https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/What-we-do/Science2_0314-768x512.jpg 768w, https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/What-we-do/Science2_0314-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/What-we-do/Science2_0314-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/What-we-do/Science2_0314-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/What-we-do/Science2_0314-600x400.jpg 600w" sizes="(max-width: 1536px) 100vw, 1536px" /> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="fl-col fl-node-5d3f1eb864c38 fl-col-bg-color fl-col-small fl-col-small-custom-width" data-node="5d3f1eb864c38"> <div class="fl-col-content fl-node-content"><div class="fl-module fl-module-heading fl-node-5d3f1eb864d4d" data-node="5d3f1eb864d4d"> <div class="fl-module-content fl-node-content"> <h3 class="fl-heading"> <span class="fl-heading-text">CABI scientific outputs</span> </h3> </div> </div> <div class="fl-module fl-module-rich-text fl-node-5d3f1eb864cc1" data-node="5d3f1eb864cc1"> <div class="fl-module-content fl-node-content"> <div class="fl-rich-text"> <p class="CABInormal">Abstracts of CABI鈥檚 extensive science output are openly accessible to external users and it is possible to search for what CABI's scientists have published on a particular subject.</p> <p class="CABInormal">You will find nearly all CABI publications since 2000, and many from the last century.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="fl-module fl-module-pp-smart-button fl-node-5d3f1eb864d90" data-node="5d3f1eb864d90"> <div class="fl-module-content fl-node-content"> <div class="pp-button-wrap pp-button-width-auto"> <a href="https://www.cabi.org/cso/search/?q=sc%3acb" target="_blank" class="pp-button" role="button" rel="noopener" aria-label="Papers from CABI scientists"> <span class="pp-button-text">Papers from CABI scientists</span> </a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="fl-module fl-module-pp-smart-button fl-node-5d41c36b5228a" data-node="5d41c36b5228a"> <div class="fl-module-content fl-node-content"> <div class="pp-button-wrap pp-button-width-auto"> <a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/outputs-and-publications/" target="_self" class="pp-button" role="button" aria-label="Most recent publications"> <span class="pp-button-text">Most recent publications</span> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="fl-row fl-row-fixed-width fl-row-bg-none fl-node-5d0386edaa900 fl-row-default-height fl-row-align-center" data-node="5d0386edaa900"> <div class="fl-row-content-wrap"> <div class="fl-row-content fl-row-fixed-width fl-node-content"> <div class="fl-col-group fl-node-5d0386edaa7bc fl-col-group-equal-height fl-col-group-align-center fl-col-group-custom-width fl-col-group-responsive-reversed" data-node="5d0386edaa7bc"> <div class="fl-col fl-node-5d0386edaa804 fl-col-bg-color fl-col-small fl-col-small-custom-width" data-node="5d0386edaa804"> <div class="fl-col-content fl-node-content"><div class="fl-module fl-module-heading fl-node-5d0386edaa97c" data-node="5d0386edaa97c"> <div class="fl-module-content fl-node-content"> <h3 class="fl-heading"> <span class="fl-heading-text">Working papers</span> </h3> </div> </div> <div class="fl-module fl-module-rich-text fl-node-5d0386edaa883" data-node="5d0386edaa883"> <div class="fl-module-content fl-node-content"> <div class="fl-rich-text"> <p>Our working papers cover any aspect of our mission, and provide an outlet for thought leadership pieces, reports on project work, historical documents, proceedings and others.</p> <p>They are peer-reviewed, and make important information publically available that is either too premature or unsuitable for peer-reviewed journals.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="fl-module fl-module-pp-smart-button fl-node-5d0386edaa93e" data-node="5d0386edaa93e"> <div class="fl-module-content fl-node-content"> <div class="pp-button-wrap pp-button-width-auto"> <a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/cabi-publications/?cat-publication=cabi-working-papers" target="_self" class="pp-button" role="button" aria-label="Working papers"> <span class="pp-button-text">Working papers</span> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="fl-col fl-node-5d0386edaa845 fl-col-bg-color fl-col-small fl-col-small-custom-width" data-node="5d0386edaa845"> <div class="fl-col-content fl-node-content"><div class="fl-module fl-module-photo fl-node-5d0386edaa8c2" data-node="5d0386edaa8c2"> <div class="fl-module-content fl-node-content"> <div class="fl-photo fl-photo-align-center" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/ImageObject"> <div class="fl-photo-content fl-photo-img-jpg"> <img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1530" height="1024" class="fl-photo-img wp-image-123857" src="https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/What-we-do/Science3_0459.jpg" alt="Scientist in the field in Pakistan" itemprop="image" title="Science3_0459" srcset="https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/What-we-do/Science3_0459.jpg 1530w, https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/What-we-do/Science3_0459-300x201.jpg 300w, https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/What-we-do/Science3_0459-768x514.jpg 768w, https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/What-we-do/Science3_0459-1024x685.jpg 1024w, https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/What-we-do/Science3_0459-1920x1285.jpg 1920w, https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/What-we-do/Science3_0459-1200x803.jpg 1200w, https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/What-we-do/Science3_0459-600x402.jpg 600w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1530px) 100vw, 1530px" /> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="fl-row fl-row-fixed-width fl-row-bg-none fl-node-5d41c41cb657e fl-row-default-height fl-row-align-center" data-node="5d41c41cb657e"> <div class="fl-row-content-wrap"> <div class="fl-row-content fl-row-fixed-width fl-node-content"> <div class="fl-col-group fl-node-5d41c41cb687d fl-col-group-equal-height fl-col-group-align-center fl-col-group-custom-width" data-node="5d41c41cb687d"> <div class="fl-col fl-node-5d41c41cb68c0 fl-col-bg-color fl-col-small fl-col-small-custom-width" data-node="5d41c41cb68c0"> <div class="fl-col-content fl-node-content"><div class="fl-module fl-module-photo fl-node-5d41c41cb6900" data-node="5d41c41cb6900"> <div class="fl-module-content fl-node-content"> <div class="fl-photo fl-photo-align-center" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/ImageObject"> <div class="fl-photo-content fl-photo-img-jpg"> <img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="701" height="563" class="fl-photo-img wp-image-123858" src="https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/What-we-do/Coffee-farmer-survey-Tamil-Nadu.jpg" alt="Survey of coffee farmers" itemprop="image" title="Coffee-farmer-survey-Tamil-Nadu" srcset="https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/What-we-do/Coffee-farmer-survey-Tamil-Nadu.jpg 701w, https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/What-we-do/Coffee-farmer-survey-Tamil-Nadu-300x241.jpg 300w, https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/What-we-do/Coffee-farmer-survey-Tamil-Nadu-600x482.jpg 600w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 701px) 100vw, 701px" /> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="fl-col fl-node-5d41c41cb6941 fl-col-bg-color fl-col-small fl-col-small-custom-width" data-node="5d41c41cb6941"> <div class="fl-col-content fl-node-content"><div class="fl-module fl-module-heading fl-node-5d41c41cb6982" data-node="5d41c41cb6982"> <div class="fl-module-content fl-node-content"> <h3 class="fl-heading"> <span class="fl-heading-text">Our social science</span> </h3> </div> </div> <div class="fl-module fl-module-rich-text fl-node-5d41c41cb69c3" data-node="5d41c41cb69c3"> <div class="fl-module-content fl-node-content"> <div class="fl-rich-text"> <p>Monitoring and evaluation is a key part of our project work and is becoming increasingly important for effective project management.</p> <p>Good monitoring and evaluation allows teams to learn and improve at the operational, strategic and conceptual level. Evidence of outcomes and impacts ensures value for money and supports fundraising efforts.</p> <p>Our study brief series demonstrates the results of our social science work and how we are helping farmers globally.</p> <p class="CABInormal"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="fl-module fl-module-pp-smart-button fl-node-5d41c41cb6a05" data-node="5d41c41cb6a05"> <div class="fl-module-content fl-node-content"> <div class="pp-button-wrap pp-button-width-auto"> <a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/cabi-publications/?cat-publication=cabi-study-briefs" target="_self" class="pp-button" role="button" aria-label="Study briefs"> <span class="pp-button-text">Study briefs</span> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="fl-row fl-row-fixed-width fl-row-bg-none fl-node-5d3f1feac81f4 fl-row-default-height fl-row-align-center" data-node="5d3f1feac81f4"> <div class="fl-row-content-wrap"> <div class="fl-row-content fl-row-fixed-width fl-node-content"> <div class="fl-col-group fl-node-5d3f1feac8237 fl-col-group-equal-height fl-col-group-align-top fl-col-group-custom-width" data-node="5d3f1feac8237"> <div class="fl-col fl-node-5d3f1feac8276 fl-col-bg-color fl-col-small fl-col-small-custom-width" data-node="5d3f1feac8276"> <div class="fl-col-content fl-node-content"><div class="fl-module fl-module-photo fl-node-5d3f1feac7fe4" data-node="5d3f1feac7fe4"> <div class="fl-module-content fl-node-content"> <div class="fl-photo fl-photo-align-center" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/ImageObject"> <div class="fl-photo-content fl-photo-img-jpg"> <img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1750" height="1164" class="fl-photo-img wp-image-124874" src="https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/Tuber-aestivum.jpg" alt="Photograph through a microscope of tuber aestivum" itemprop="image" title="Tuber-aestivum" srcset="https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/Tuber-aestivum.jpg 1750w, https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/Tuber-aestivum-300x200.jpg 300w, https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/Tuber-aestivum-768x511.jpg 768w, https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/Tuber-aestivum-1024x681.jpg 1024w, https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/Tuber-aestivum-1200x798.jpg 1200w, https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/Tuber-aestivum-600x399.jpg 600w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1750px) 100vw, 1750px" /> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="fl-module fl-module-heading fl-node-5d3f1feac7f82" data-node="5d3f1feac7f82"> <div class="fl-module-content fl-node-content"> <h3 class="fl-heading"> <span class="fl-heading-text">Our science strategy</span> </h3> </div> </div> <div class="fl-module fl-module-rich-text fl-node-5d3f1feac802d" data-node="5d3f1feac802d"> <div class="fl-module-content fl-node-content"> <div class="fl-rich-text"> <p>Our <a href="https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/CABI-Science-Strategy-2022-25.pdf">science strategy</a> guides how we deliver all our scientific activities while our annual science report demonstrates our progress. The strategy was based on an <a href="https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/External-science-review-2020-report.pdf">external review process</a>.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="fl-col fl-node-5d3f1feac82b2 fl-col-bg-color fl-col-small fl-col-small-custom-width" data-node="5d3f1feac82b2"> <div class="fl-col-content fl-node-content"><div class="fl-module fl-module-photo fl-node-5d3f1feac80c3" data-node="5d3f1feac80c3"> <div class="fl-module-content fl-node-content"> <div class="fl-photo fl-photo-align-center" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/ImageObject"> <div class="fl-photo-content fl-photo-img-jpg"> <img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="800" height="549" class="fl-photo-img wp-image-119070" src="https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/about-cabi/Psyllid.jpg" alt="Psyllid" itemprop="image" title="Psyllid" srcset="https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/about-cabi/Psyllid.jpg 800w, https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/about-cabi/Psyllid-300x206.jpg 300w, https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/about-cabi/Psyllid-768x527.jpg 768w, https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/about-cabi/Psyllid-600x412.jpg 600w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" /> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="fl-module fl-module-heading fl-node-5d3f1feac8101" data-node="5d3f1feac8101"> <div class="fl-module-content fl-node-content"> <h3 class="fl-heading"> <span class="fl-heading-text">Annual science report</span> </h3> </div> </div> <div class="fl-module fl-module-rich-text fl-node-5d3f1feac807c" data-node="5d3f1feac807c"> <div class="fl-module-content fl-node-content"> <div class="fl-rich-text"> <p>CABI's <a href="https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/Annual_Science_Report_2023.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">annual science report</a> provides details of our performance in publishing science and measures the quality and impact of our scientific outputs.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="fl-col fl-node-5d3f1feac82f3 fl-col-bg-color fl-col-small fl-col-small-custom-width" data-node="5d3f1feac82f3"> <div class="fl-col-content fl-node-content"><div class="fl-module fl-module-photo fl-node-5d3f1feac813d" data-node="5d3f1feac813d"> <div class="fl-module-content fl-node-content"> <div class="fl-photo fl-photo-align-center" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/ImageObject"> <div class="fl-photo-content fl-photo-img-jpg"> <img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="683" class="fl-photo-img wp-image-64" src="https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/sdas20140924-cabi_cocoa-indonesia-1001-1024x683.jpg" alt="An overripe cocoa pod is posed for a photo in Village Candikesuma, Mordingsari Hamlet in Jembaran, Bali, Indonesia." itemprop="image" title="sdas20140924-cabi_cocoa-indonesia-1001" srcset="https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/sdas20140924-cabi_cocoa-indonesia-1001-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/sdas20140924-cabi_cocoa-indonesia-1001-300x200.jpg 300w, https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/sdas20140924-cabi_cocoa-indonesia-1001-768x512.jpg 768w, https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/sdas20140924-cabi_cocoa-indonesia-1001-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/sdas20140924-cabi_cocoa-indonesia-1001-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/sdas20140924-cabi_cocoa-indonesia-1001-600x400.jpg 600w, https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/sdas20140924-cabi_cocoa-indonesia-1001.jpg 1536w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="fl-module fl-module-heading fl-node-5d3f1feac8179" data-node="5d3f1feac8179"> <div class="fl-module-content fl-node-content"> <h3 class="fl-heading"> <span class="fl-heading-text">Our monitoring and evaluation strategy</span> </h3> </div> </div> <div class="fl-module fl-module-rich-text fl-node-5d3f1feac81b5" data-node="5d3f1feac81b5"> <div class="fl-module-content fl-node-content"> <div class="fl-rich-text"> <p>The <a href="/wp-content/uploads/PDFs/AboutCABI/CABI_MandE_Strategy-3.pdf">CABI聽monitoring and evaluation strategy</a> sets out CABI鈥檚 approach to measuring and optimising the results of interventions, ensures relevance and efficiency in the implementation and that we learn what works, what doesn鈥檛 and why, in a particular context.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="fl-row fl-row-full-width fl-row-bg-none fl-node-5d4c3ef0e4245 fl-row-default-height fl-row-align-center" data-node="5d4c3ef0e4245"> <div class="fl-row-content-wrap"> <div class="fl-row-content fl-row-fixed-width fl-node-content"> <div class="fl-col-group fl-node-5cd9aa786d37a" data-node="5cd9aa786d37a"> <div class="fl-col fl-node-5cd9aa786d464 fl-col-bg-color" data-node="5cd9aa786d464"> <div class="fl-col-content fl-node-content"><div class="fl-module fl-module-heading fl-node-5cd9aa786d4af" data-node="5cd9aa786d4af"> <div class="fl-module-content fl-node-content"> <h2 class="fl-heading"> <span class="fl-heading-text">Our areas of expertise</span> </h2> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="fl-col-group fl-node-5cd9aa786d33a" data-node="5cd9aa786d33a"> <div class="fl-col fl-node-5cd9aa786d3b7 fl-col-bg-color" data-node="5cd9aa786d3b7"> <div class="fl-col-content fl-node-content"><div class="fl-module fl-module-pp-hover-cards-2 fl-node-5cd9aa786d3f3 cardTint" data-node="5cd9aa786d3f3"> <div class="fl-module-content fl-node-content"> <div class="pp-hover-card-wrap pp-clearfix"> <div class="pp-hover-card pp-hover-card-0 powerpack-style pp-clearfix" onclick="" tabindex="0"> <a class="pp-more-link-container" href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/value-chains-and-trade/" target="_self"> <img decoding="async" src="https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/International-development/areas-of-focus/Fruit-Seller-Woman-on-Mobile-e1570095296557.jpg" class="pp-hover-card-image" alt="Fruit Seller Woman on Mobile" /> <div class="pp-hover-card-inner"> <div class="pp-hover-card-inner-wrap"> <div class="pp-hover-card-content"> <div class="pp-hover-card-icon-wrap"> </div> <div class="pp-hover-card-title-wrap"> <h3 class="pp-hover-card-title">Value chains and trade</h3> </div> <div class="pp-hover-card-description"> <div class="pp-hover-card-description-inner"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="pp-hover-card-overlay"></div> </a> </div> <div class="pp-hover-card pp-hover-card-1 powerpack-style pp-clearfix" onclick="" tabindex="0"> <a class="pp-more-link-container" href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/invasive-species/" target="_self"> <img decoding="async" src="https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/What-we-do/opuntia-IMG_5071.jpg" class="pp-hover-card-image" alt="Field of invasive Opuntia cacti" /> <div class="pp-hover-card-inner"> <div class="pp-hover-card-inner-wrap"> <div class="pp-hover-card-content"> <div class="pp-hover-card-icon-wrap"> <span class="pp-hover-card-icon "></span> </div> <div class="pp-hover-card-title-wrap"> <h3 class="pp-hover-card-title">Invasive species</h3> </div> <div class="pp-hover-card-description"> <div class="pp-hover-card-description-inner"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="pp-hover-card-overlay"></div> </a> </div> <div class="pp-hover-card pp-hover-card-2 powerpack-style pp-clearfix" onclick="" tabindex="0"> <a class="pp-more-link-container" href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/development-communication-extension/" target="_self"> <img decoding="async" src="https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/Devomms-banner-P1010791-1024x768.jpg" class="pp-hover-card-image" alt="Village children showing-off their posters" /> <div class="pp-hover-card-inner"> <div class="pp-hover-card-inner-wrap"> <div class="pp-hover-card-content"> <div class="pp-hover-card-icon-wrap"> </div> <div class="pp-hover-card-title-wrap"> <h3 class="pp-hover-card-title">Development communication and extension</h3> </div> <div class="pp-hover-card-description"> <div class="pp-hover-card-description-inner"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="pp-hover-card-overlay"></div> </a> </div> <div class="pp-hover-card pp-hover-card-3 powerpack-style pp-clearfix" onclick="" tabindex="0"> <a class="pp-more-link-container" href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/crop-health/" target="_self"> <img decoding="async" src="https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/What-we-do/Vietnam-SOFRI-My-Tho-May-2013-12.jpg" class="pp-hover-card-image" alt="Vietnam plant clinic" /> <div class="pp-hover-card-inner"> <div class="pp-hover-card-inner-wrap"> <div class="pp-hover-card-content"> <div class="pp-hover-card-icon-wrap"> <span class="pp-hover-card-icon "></span> </div> <div class="pp-hover-card-title-wrap"> <h3 class="pp-hover-card-title">Crop health</h3> </div> <div class="pp-hover-card-description"> <div class="pp-hover-card-description-inner"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="pp-hover-card-overlay"></div> </a> </div> <div class="pp-hover-card pp-hover-card-4 powerpack-style pp-clearfix" onclick="" tabindex="0"> <a class="pp-more-link-container" href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/digital-development/" target="_self"> <img decoding="async" src="https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/International-development/areas-of-focus/PRISE-Illustration-e1570095103857.jpg" class="pp-hover-card-image" alt="PRISE Illustration" /> <div class="pp-hover-card-inner"> <div class="pp-hover-card-inner-wrap"> <div class="pp-hover-card-content"> <div class="pp-hover-card-icon-wrap"> </div> <div class="pp-hover-card-title-wrap"> <h3 class="pp-hover-card-title">Digital development</h3> </div> <div class="pp-hover-card-description"> <div class="pp-hover-card-description-inner"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="pp-hover-card-overlay"></div> </a> </div> <div class="pp-hover-card pp-hover-card-5 powerpack-style pp-clearfix" onclick="" tabindex="0"> <a class="pp-more-link-container" href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/publishing/" target="_self"> <img decoding="async" src="https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/about-cabi/iStock-478002684.jpg" class="pp-hover-card-image" alt="Lady studying at desk" /> <div class="pp-hover-card-inner"> <div class="pp-hover-card-inner-wrap"> <div class="pp-hover-card-content"> <div class="pp-hover-card-icon-wrap"> <span class="pp-hover-card-icon "></span> </div> <div class="pp-hover-card-title-wrap"> <h3 class="pp-hover-card-title">Publishing</h3> </div> <div class="pp-hover-card-description"> <div class="pp-hover-card-description-inner"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="pp-hover-card-overlay"></div> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="fl-row fl-row-full-width fl-row-bg-none fl-node-5d4d90fb5197b fl-row-default-height fl-row-align-center" data-node="5d4d90fb5197b"> <div class="fl-row-content-wrap"> <div class="fl-row-content fl-row-fixed-width fl-node-content"> <div class="fl-col-group fl-node-5d4d86a0d1e8f" data-node="5d4d86a0d1e8f"> <div class="fl-col fl-node-5d4d86a0d1e93 fl-col-bg-color" data-node="5d4d86a0d1e93"> <div class="fl-col-content fl-node-content"><div class="fl-module fl-module-heading fl-node-5d4d86a0d1e94" data-node="5d4d86a0d1e94"> <div class="fl-module-content fl-node-content"> <h2 class="fl-heading"> <span class="fl-heading-text">More about what we do</span> </h2> </div> </div> <div class="fl-module fl-module-pp-content-grid fl-node-5d4d86a0d1e95 story-grid-row" data-node="5d4d86a0d1e95"> <div class="fl-module-content fl-node-content"> <div class="pp-posts-wrapper"> <div class="pp-content-posts" style="--items-count: 9;--column-xl: 4;--column-lg: 4;--column-md: 2;--column-sm: 1;"> <div class="pp-content-post-grid pp-equal-height clearfix" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/Collection"> <div class="pp-content-post pp-content-grid-post pp-grid-custom post-937 page type-page status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry tag-what-we-do" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/CreativeWork" data-id="937"> <meta itemscope itemprop="mainEntityOfPage" itemtype="https://schema.org/WebPage" itemid="http://937" content="CABI centres" /><meta itemprop="datePublished" content="2019-04-04" /><meta itemprop="dateModified" content="2020-01-07" /><div itemprop="publisher" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Organization"><meta itemprop="name" content="CABI.org"></div><div itemscope itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><meta itemprop="url" content="https://www.cabi.org/author/robinjain/" /><meta itemprop="name" content="Robin Jain" /></div><div itemscope itemprop="image" itemtype="https://schema.org/ImageObject"><meta itemprop="url" content="https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/International-development/Centres/iStock-589580906-e1569320255704.jpg" /><meta itemprop="width" content="1980" /><meta itemprop="height" content="688" /></div><div itemprop="interactionStatistic" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/InteractionCounter"><meta itemprop="interactionType" content="https://schema.org/CommentAction" /><meta itemprop="userInteractionCount" content="0" /></div><div class="pp-content-grid-post-image"> <figure> <a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/cabi-centres/"><img decoding="async" src="https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/International-development/Centres/iStock-589580906-e1569320255704-wpcf_600x360.jpg" class="attachment-cabi-container-half-cropped" /></a> </figure> </div> <div class="pp-content-grid-post-text"> <h3 class="pp-content-grid-post-title"><a href='https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/cabi-centres/' title='CABI centres'>CABI centres</a></h3> <div class="pp-content-grid-post-excerpt"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="pp-content-post pp-content-grid-post pp-grid-custom post-8759 page type-page status-publish hentry tag-what-we-do" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/CreativeWork" data-id="8759"> <meta itemscope itemprop="mainEntityOfPage" itemtype="https://schema.org/WebPage" itemid="http://8759" content="Projects" /><meta itemprop="datePublished" content="2019-04-19" /><meta itemprop="dateModified" content="2023-12-12" /><div itemprop="publisher" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Organization"><meta itemprop="name" content="CABI.org"></div><div itemscope itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><meta itemprop="url" content="https://www.cabi.org/author/robinjain/" /><meta itemprop="name" content="Robin Jain" /></div><div itemprop="interactionStatistic" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/InteractionCounter"><meta itemprop="interactionType" content="https://schema.org/CommentAction" /><meta itemprop="userInteractionCount" content="0" /></div><div class="pp-content-grid-post-image"> <figure> <a href="https://www.cabi.org/cabi-projects/"><img decoding="async" src="https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/project-images/Peru_CABI_Eduardo_Martino_24-e1570185987751-wpcf_600x360.jpg" class="attachment-cabi-container-half-cropped" /></a> </figure> </div> <div class="pp-content-grid-post-text"> <h3 class="pp-content-grid-post-title"><a href='https://www.cabi.org/cabi-projects/' title='Projects'>Projects</a></h3> <div class="pp-content-grid-post-excerpt"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="pp-content-post pp-content-grid-post pp-grid-custom post-104208 page type-page status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry tag-what-we-do" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/CreativeWork" data-id="104208"> <meta itemscope itemprop="mainEntityOfPage" itemtype="https://schema.org/WebPage" itemid="http://104208" content="How we work" /><meta itemprop="datePublished" content="2019-06-06" /><meta itemprop="dateModified" content="2024-07-22" /><div itemprop="publisher" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Organization"><meta itemprop="name" content="CABI.org"></div><div itemscope itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><meta itemprop="url" content="https://www.cabi.org/author/jslezak/" /><meta itemprop="name" content="Joanna Slezak" /></div><div itemscope itemprop="image" itemtype="https://schema.org/ImageObject"><meta itemprop="url" content="https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/International-development/Donors-partners/IMG_7186-e1569340862880.jpg" /><meta itemprop="width" content="1980" /><meta itemprop="height" content="801" /></div><div itemprop="interactionStatistic" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/InteractionCounter"><meta itemprop="interactionType" content="https://schema.org/CommentAction" /><meta itemprop="userInteractionCount" content="0" /></div><div class="pp-content-grid-post-image"> <figure> <a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/how-we-work/"><img decoding="async" src="https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/International-development/Donors-partners/IMG_7186-e1569340862880-wpcf_600x360.jpg" class="attachment-cabi-container-half-cropped" /></a> </figure> </div> <div class="pp-content-grid-post-text"> <h3 class="pp-content-grid-post-title"><a href='https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/how-we-work/' title='How we work'>How we work</a></h3> <div class="pp-content-grid-post-excerpt"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="pp-content-post pp-content-grid-post pp-grid-custom post-104331 page type-page status-publish hentry tag-what-we-do" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/CreativeWork" data-id="104331"> <meta itemscope itemprop="mainEntityOfPage" itemtype="https://schema.org/WebPage" itemid="http://104331" content="Donors" /><meta itemprop="datePublished" content="2019-06-13" /><meta itemprop="dateModified" content="2023-12-07" /><div itemprop="publisher" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Organization"><meta itemprop="name" content="CABI.org"></div><div itemscope itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><meta itemprop="url" content="https://www.cabi.org/author/jslezak/" /><meta itemprop="name" content="Joanna Slezak" /></div><div itemprop="interactionStatistic" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/InteractionCounter"><meta itemprop="interactionType" content="https://schema.org/CommentAction" /><meta itemprop="userInteractionCount" content="0" /></div><div class="pp-content-grid-post-image"> <figure> <a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/how-we-work/cabi-donors-and-partners/"><img decoding="async" src="https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/International-development/Donors-partners/Women-Empowerment-e1565861395541-wpcf_600x360.jpg" class="attachment-cabi-container-half-cropped" /></a> </figure> </div> <div class="pp-content-grid-post-text"> <h3 class="pp-content-grid-post-title"><a href='https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/how-we-work/cabi-donors-and-partners/' title='Donors'>Donors</a></h3> <div class="pp-content-grid-post-excerpt"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="pp-content-post pp-content-grid-post pp-grid-custom post-107826 page type-page status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry tag-what-we-do" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/CreativeWork" data-id="107826"> <meta itemscope itemprop="mainEntityOfPage" itemtype="https://schema.org/WebPage" itemid="http://107826" content="Where we work" /><meta itemprop="datePublished" content="2019-06-24" /><meta itemprop="dateModified" content="2020-01-06" /><div itemprop="publisher" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Organization"><meta itemprop="name" content="CABI.org"></div><div itemscope itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><meta itemprop="url" content="https://www.cabi.org/author/adammillington/" /><meta itemprop="name" content="Adam Millington" /></div><div itemscope itemprop="image" itemtype="https://schema.org/ImageObject"><meta itemprop="url" content="https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/eclinics_0150.jpg" /><meta itemprop="width" content="1536" /><meta itemprop="height" content="1024" /></div><div itemprop="interactionStatistic" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/InteractionCounter"><meta itemprop="interactionType" content="https://schema.org/CommentAction" /><meta itemprop="userInteractionCount" content="0" /></div><div class="pp-content-grid-post-image"> <figure> <a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/where-we-work/"><img decoding="async" src="https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/International-development/areas-of-focus/DAV8649-e1569400214195-wpcf_600x360.jpg" class="attachment-cabi-container-half-cropped" /></a> </figure> </div> <div class="pp-content-grid-post-text"> <h3 class="pp-content-grid-post-title"><a href='https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/where-we-work/' title='Where we work'>Where we work</a></h3> <div class="pp-content-grid-post-excerpt"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="pp-content-post pp-content-grid-post pp-grid-custom post-117759 page type-page status-publish hentry tag-what-we-do" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/CreativeWork" data-id="117759"> <meta itemscope itemprop="mainEntityOfPage" itemtype="https://schema.org/WebPage" itemid="http://117759" content="Stories of impact" /><meta itemprop="datePublished" content="2019-07-24" /><meta itemprop="dateModified" content="2019-08-16" /><div itemprop="publisher" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Organization"><meta itemprop="name" content="CABI.org"></div><div itemscope itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><meta itemprop="url" content="https://www.cabi.org/author/robinjain/" /><meta itemprop="name" content="Robin Jain" /></div><div itemprop="interactionStatistic" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/InteractionCounter"><meta itemprop="interactionType" content="https://schema.org/CommentAction" /><meta itemprop="userInteractionCount" content="0" /></div><div class="pp-content-grid-post-image"> <figure> <a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/stories-of-impact/"><img decoding="async" src="https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/What-we-do/28Nairobi-Market-wpcf_600x360.jpg" class="attachment-cabi-container-half-cropped" /></a> </figure> </div> <div class="pp-content-grid-post-text"> <h3 class="pp-content-grid-post-title"><a href='https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/stories-of-impact/' title='Stories of impact'>Stories of impact</a></h3> <div class="pp-content-grid-post-excerpt"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="pp-content-post pp-content-grid-post pp-grid-custom post-147791 page type-page status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry tag-what-we-do" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/CreativeWork" data-id="147791"> <meta itemscope itemprop="mainEntityOfPage" itemtype="https://schema.org/WebPage" itemid="http://147791" content="Our expertise" /><meta itemprop="datePublished" content="2019-09-30" /><meta itemprop="dateModified" content="2024-07-04" /><div itemprop="publisher" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Organization"><meta itemprop="name" content="CABI.org"></div><div itemscope itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><meta itemprop="url" content="https://www.cabi.org/author/jslezak/" /><meta itemprop="name" content="Joanna Slezak" /></div><div itemscope itemprop="image" itemtype="https://schema.org/ImageObject"><meta itemprop="url" content="https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/International-development/areas-of-focus/DAV8937-e1569857033264.jpg" /><meta itemprop="width" content="1980" /><meta itemprop="height" content="940" /></div><div itemprop="interactionStatistic" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/InteractionCounter"><meta itemprop="interactionType" content="https://schema.org/CommentAction" /><meta itemprop="userInteractionCount" content="0" /></div><div class="pp-content-grid-post-image"> <figure> <a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/areas-of-expertise/"><img decoding="async" src="https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/International-development/areas-of-focus/DAV8937-e1569857033264-wpcf_600x360.jpg" class="attachment-cabi-container-half-cropped" /></a> </figure> </div> <div class="pp-content-grid-post-text"> <h3 class="pp-content-grid-post-title"><a href='https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/areas-of-expertise/' title='Our expertise'>Our expertise</a></h3> <div class="pp-content-grid-post-excerpt"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="pp-content-post pp-content-grid-post pp-grid-custom post-1162171 page type-page status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry tag-about-cabi tag-what-we-do" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/CreativeWork" data-id="1162171"> <meta itemscope itemprop="mainEntityOfPage" itemtype="https://schema.org/WebPage" itemid="http://1162171" content="Responding to emerging threats" /><meta itemprop="datePublished" content="2020-08-11" /><meta itemprop="dateModified" content="2020-10-13" /><div itemprop="publisher" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Organization"><meta itemprop="name" content="CABI.org"></div><div itemscope itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><meta itemprop="url" content="https://www.cabi.org/author/jslezak/" /><meta itemprop="name" content="Joanna Slezak" /></div><div itemscope itemprop="image" itemtype="https://schema.org/ImageObject"><meta itemprop="url" content="https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/TreyzKapturecTreyzKapture-9-2.jpg" /><meta itemprop="width" content="1000" /><meta itemprop="height" content="666" /></div><div itemprop="interactionStatistic" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/InteractionCounter"><meta itemprop="interactionType" content="https://schema.org/CommentAction" /><meta itemprop="userInteractionCount" content="0" /></div><div class="pp-content-grid-post-image"> <figure> <a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/responding-to-emerging-threats/"><img decoding="async" src="https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/TreyzKapturecTreyzKapture-9-2-wpcf_600x360.jpg" class="attachment-cabi-container-half-cropped" /></a> </figure> </div> <div class="pp-content-grid-post-text"> <h3 class="pp-content-grid-post-title"><a href='https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/responding-to-emerging-threats/' title='Responding to emerging threats'>Responding to emerging threats</a></h3> <div class="pp-content-grid-post-excerpt"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="pp-content-post pp-content-grid-post pp-grid-custom post-42 page type-page status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry tag-what-we-do" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/CreativeWork" data-id="42"> <meta itemscope itemprop="mainEntityOfPage" itemtype="https://schema.org/WebPage" itemid="http://42" content="What we do" /><meta itemprop="datePublished" content="2018-10-30" /><meta itemprop="dateModified" content="2024-08-29" /><div itemprop="publisher" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Organization"><meta itemprop="name" content="CABI.org"></div><div itemscope itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><meta itemprop="url" content="https://www.cabi.org/author/jslezak/" /><meta itemprop="name" content="Joanna Slezak" /></div><div itemscope itemprop="image" itemtype="https://schema.org/ImageObject"><meta itemprop="url" content="https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/International-development/areas-of-focus/plant_clinic54-e1570093655907.jpg" /><meta itemprop="width" content="1980" /><meta itemprop="height" content="797" /></div><div itemprop="interactionStatistic" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/InteractionCounter"><meta itemprop="interactionType" content="https://schema.org/CommentAction" /><meta itemprop="userInteractionCount" content="0" /></div><div class="pp-content-grid-post-image"> <figure> <a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/"><img decoding="async" src="https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/International-development/areas-of-focus/plant_clinic54-e1570093655907-wpcf_600x360.jpg" class="attachment-cabi-container-half-cropped" /></a> </figure> </div> <div class="pp-content-grid-post-text"> <h3 class="pp-content-grid-post-title"><a href='https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/' title='What we do'>What we do</a></h3> <div class="pp-content-grid-post-excerpt"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="pp-grid-space"></div> </div> <div class="fl-clear"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="fl-col-group fl-node-5d4d86a0d1e92" data-node="5d4d86a0d1e92"> <div class="fl-col fl-node-5d4d86a0d1e96 fl-col-bg-color" data-node="5d4d86a0d1e96"> <div class="fl-col-content fl-node-content"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </article>  </div> </div> </div> </div> <footer class="fl-builder-content fl-builder-content-3033151 fl-builder-global-templates-locked" data-post-id="3033151" data-type="footer" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="http://schema.org/WPFooter"><div class="fl-row fl-row-full-width fl-row-bg-color fl-node-3lbv6ixt1jqp fl-row-default-height fl-row-align-center cabi-association-footer" data-node="3lbv6ixt1jqp"> <div class="fl-row-content-wrap"> <div class="fl-row-content fl-row-fixed-width fl-node-content"> <div class="fl-col-group fl-node-b908wcrxgsud" data-node="b908wcrxgsud"> <div class="fl-col fl-node-l5nzboam7i1k fl-col-bg-color" data-node="l5nzboam7i1k"> <div class="fl-col-content fl-node-content"><div class="fl-module fl-module-rich-text fl-node-vtpicqsgj0ka" data-node="vtpicqsgj0ka"> <div class="fl-module-content fl-node-content"> <div class="fl-rich-text"> <p><strong class="text-color-black">CABI is a member of:聽 <img decoding="async" class="align-text-bottom mb-0 wp-image-14223 size-full" src="https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/AIRCA.png" alt="" width="60" srcset="https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/AIRCA.png 101w, https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/AIRCA-100x50.png 100w" sizes="(max-width: 101px) 100vw, 101px" /> The Association of International Research and Development Centers for Agriculture</strong></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="fl-row fl-row-full-width fl-row-bg-photo fl-node-4nt2jpa019vw fl-row-custom-height fl-row-align-center" data-node="4nt2jpa019vw"> <div class="fl-row-content-wrap"> <div class="fl-row-content fl-row-fixed-width fl-node-content"> <div class="fl-col-group fl-node-hkdjv7wer6g2 fl-col-group-responsive-reversed" data-node="hkdjv7wer6g2"> <div class="fl-col fl-node-u1ofgpqldw5m fl-col-bg-color fl-col-has-cols" data-node="u1ofgpqldw5m"> <div class="fl-col-content fl-node-content"> <div class="fl-col-group fl-node-zv3u61fgjym9 fl-col-group-nested fl-col-group-custom-width fl-col-group-responsive-reversed" data-node="zv3u61fgjym9"> <div class="fl-col fl-node-6fg0es4z19iv fl-col-bg-color fl-col-small fl-col-small-custom-width" data-node="6fg0es4z19iv"> <div class="fl-col-content fl-node-content"><div class="fl-module fl-module-heading fl-node-izgkomr3bpx4" data-node="izgkomr3bpx4"> <div class="fl-module-content fl-node-content"> <h2 class="fl-heading"> <span class="fl-heading-text">Stay updated</span> </h2> </div> </div> <div class="fl-module fl-module-heading fl-node-l43ub2ryjfvi" data-node="l43ub2ryjfvi"> <div class="fl-module-content fl-node-content"> <h2 class="fl-heading"> <span class="fl-heading-text">Our latest news, updates & offers delivered directly to your inbox</span> </h2> </div> </div> <div class="fl-module fl-module-pp-smart-button fl-node-vacjd6ri0o35" data-node="vacjd6ri0o35"> <div class="fl-module-content fl-node-content"> <div class="pp-button-wrap pp-button-width-auto"> <a href="https://www.cabi.org/stay-informed/" target="_self" class="pp-button" role="button" aria-label="Sign up for updates"> <span class="pp-button-text">Sign up for updates</span> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="fl-col fl-node-rv2ixyuj8g9h fl-col-bg-color fl-col-small fl-col-small-custom-width" data-node="rv2ixyuj8g9h"> <div class="fl-col-content fl-node-content"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="fl-row fl-row-full-width fl-row-bg-color fl-node-msirhf8g41we fl-row-default-height fl-row-align-center footer-links" data-node="msirhf8g41we"> <div class="fl-row-content-wrap"> <div class="fl-row-content fl-row-fixed-width fl-node-content"> <div class="fl-col-group fl-node-50lrtodi4z71" data-node="50lrtodi4z71"> <div class="fl-col fl-node-lu903bgy8fk2 fl-col-bg-color fl-col-small" data-node="lu903bgy8fk2"> <div class="fl-col-content fl-node-content"><div class="fl-module fl-module-photo fl-node-p2ktgjnwhi3x" data-node="p2ktgjnwhi3x"> <div class="fl-module-content fl-node-content"> <div class="fl-photo fl-photo-align-left" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/ImageObject"> <div class="fl-photo-content fl-photo-img-png"> <a href="https://www.cabi.org/" target="_self" itemprop="url"> <img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="290" height="85" class="fl-photo-img wp-image-89" src="https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/CABI_Logo_White.png" alt="CABI_Logo_White" itemprop="image" title="CABI_Logo_White" /> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="fl-col fl-node-4detk1bvs3yf fl-col-bg-color" data-node="4detk1bvs3yf"> <div class="fl-col-content fl-node-content"><div class="fl-module fl-module-rich-text fl-node-7pc3qwx5jfsr" data-node="7pc3qwx5jfsr"> <div class="fl-module-content fl-node-content"> <div class="fl-rich-text"> <h4>Improving lives by solving problems in agriculture and the environment</h4> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="fl-col fl-node-tp6f38ec0ij7 fl-col-bg-color fl-col-small" data-node="tp6f38ec0ij7"> <div class="fl-col-content fl-node-content"><div class="fl-module fl-module-pp-social-icons fl-node-zauedi7ct1jp" data-node="zauedi7ct1jp"> <div class="fl-module-content fl-node-content"> <div class="pp-social-icons pp-social-icons-horizontal"> <span class="pp-social-icon" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Organization"> <link itemprop="url" href="https://www.cabi.org"> <a itemprop="sameAs" href="http://www.facebook.com/CABI.development" target="_blank" title="" aria-label="" role="button" rel="noopener noreferrer external" > <i class="fab fa-facebook-f"></i> </a> </span> <span class="pp-social-icon" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Organization"> <link itemprop="url" href="https://www.cabi.org"> <a itemprop="sameAs" href="https://twitter.com/CABI_News" target="_blank" title="X (Twitter)" aria-label="X (Twitter)" role="button" rel="noopener noreferrer external" > <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path d="M389.2 48h70.6L305.6 224.2 487 464H345L233.7 318.6 106.5 464H35.8L200.7 275.5 26.8 48H172.4L272.9 180.9 389.2 48zM364.4 421.8h39.1L151.1 88h-42L364.4 421.8z"></path></svg>  </a> </span> <span class="pp-social-icon" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Organization"> <link itemprop="url" href="https://www.cabi.org"> <a itemprop="sameAs" href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/cabi" target="_blank" title="" aria-label="" role="button" rel="noopener noreferrer external" > <i class="fab fa-linkedin-in"></i> </a> </span> <span class="pp-social-icon" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Organization"> <link itemprop="url" href="https://www.cabi.org"> <a itemprop="sameAs" href="https://www.youtube.com/user/CABIvideo" target="_blank" title="" aria-label="" role="button" rel="noopener noreferrer external" > <i class="fab fa-youtube"></i> </a> </span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="fl-col-group fl-node-tkoyarl7fn6e" data-node="tkoyarl7fn6e"> <div class="fl-col fl-node-1rajybf78svt fl-col-bg-color" data-node="1rajybf78svt"> <div class="fl-col-content fl-node-content"><div class="fl-module fl-module-separator fl-node-6hpd41fki25s" data-node="6hpd41fki25s"> <div class="fl-module-content fl-node-content"> <div class="fl-separator"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="fl-col-group fl-node-og1zdrhvu4px" data-node="og1zdrhvu4px"> <div class="fl-col fl-node-hzvintgsk1al fl-col-bg-color fl-col-small" data-node="hzvintgsk1al"> <div class="fl-col-content fl-node-content"><div class="fl-module fl-module-heading fl-node-q6ml1g0k72yx" data-node="q6ml1g0k72yx"> <div class="fl-module-content fl-node-content"> <h4 class="fl-heading"> <span class="fl-heading-text">What we do</span> </h4> </div> </div> <div class="fl-module fl-module-menu fl-node-lu2v7o0r6q5w" data-node="lu2v7o0r6q5w"> <div class="fl-module-content fl-node-content"> <div class="fl-menu"> <div class="fl-clear"></div> <nav aria-label="Menu" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/SiteNavigationElement"><ul id="menu-footer-what-we-do" class="menu fl-menu-vertical fl-toggle-none"><li id="menu-item-140804" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/where-we-work/">Where we work</a></li><li id="menu-item-140802" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/how-we-work/">How we work</a></li><li id="menu-item-1162874" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/responding-to-emerging-threats/">Responding to emerging threats</a></li><li id="menu-item-140803" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/stories-of-impact/">Stories of impact</a></li><li id="menu-item-3026626" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/publishing">Publishing</a></li><li id="menu-item-140800" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/cabi-projects/">Projects</a></li><li id="menu-item-140801" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/cabi-publications/">Publications</a></li><li id="menu-item-140799" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page current-menu-item page_item page-item-104374 current_page_item"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/science-and-social-science-research/">Biological and social science</a></li><li id="menu-item-147977" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/about-cabi/cabi-people/">Our people</a></li></ul></nav></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="fl-col fl-node-7kc49dxpat2l fl-col-bg-color fl-col-small" data-node="7kc49dxpat2l"> <div class="fl-col-content fl-node-content"><div class="fl-module fl-module-heading fl-node-tnag28rcu5vj" data-node="tnag28rcu5vj"> <div class="fl-module-content fl-node-content"> <h4 class="fl-heading"> <span class="fl-heading-text">About CABI</span> </h4> </div> </div> <div class="fl-module fl-module-menu fl-node-coulr3mikzjv" data-node="coulr3mikzjv"> <div class="fl-module-content fl-node-content"> <div class="fl-menu"> <div class="fl-clear"></div> <nav aria-label="Menu" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/SiteNavigationElement"><ul id="menu-footer-about-cabi" class="menu fl-menu-vertical fl-toggle-none"><li id="menu-item-140808" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/about-cabi/our-mission-strategies/">Our mission and strategies</a></li><li id="menu-item-140810" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/about-cabi/annual-reviews-and-financials/">Annual reviews and financials</a></li><li id="menu-item-140809" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/about-cabi/our-policies/">Our policies</a></li><li id="menu-item-140807" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/about-cabi/our-history/">Our history</a></li><li id="menu-item-140806" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/about-cabi/membership/">Membership</a></li><li id="menu-item-140805" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/about-cabi/how-we-are-managed/">How we are managed</a></li></ul></nav></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="fl-col fl-node-znuvafylcgqi fl-col-bg-color fl-col-small" data-node="znuvafylcgqi"> <div class="fl-col-content fl-node-content"><div class="fl-module fl-module-heading fl-node-672wqz4x95mu" data-node="672wqz4x95mu"> <div class="fl-module-content fl-node-content"> <h4 class="fl-heading"> <span class="fl-heading-text">Products and services</span> </h4> </div> </div> <div class="fl-module fl-module-menu fl-node-lwn8rpyb4egd" data-node="lwn8rpyb4egd"> <div class="fl-module-content fl-node-content"> <div class="fl-menu"> <div class="fl-clear"></div> <nav aria-label="Menu" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/SiteNavigationElement"><ul id="menu-footer-products-and-services" class="menu fl-menu-vertical fl-toggle-none"><li id="menu-item-141231" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom"><a href="https://cabidigitallibrary.org/books">Books</a></li><li id="menu-item-141233" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/products-and-services/about-cabi-books/open-resources/">Open resources</a></li><li id="menu-item-141235" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom"><a href="https://cabidigitallibrary.org/books/rights-permissions">Rights and permissions</a></li><li id="menu-item-141234" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom"><a href="https://cabidigitallibrary.org/contact/sales-information">Sales information</a></li></ul></nav></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="fl-col fl-node-xr7alefu5jco fl-col-bg-color fl-col-small" data-node="xr7alefu5jco"> <div class="fl-col-content fl-node-content"><div class="fl-module fl-module-heading fl-node-zhfjtp3yvxi7" data-node="zhfjtp3yvxi7"> <div class="fl-module-content fl-node-content"> <h4 class="fl-heading"> <span class="fl-heading-text">Other</span> </h4> </div> </div> <div class="fl-module fl-module-menu fl-node-v8w5jl792xps" data-node="v8w5jl792xps"> <div class="fl-module-content fl-node-content"> <div class="fl-menu"> <div class="fl-clear"></div> <nav aria-label="Menu" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/SiteNavigationElement"><ul id="menu-footer-other" class="menu fl-menu-vertical fl-toggle-none"><li id="menu-item-140819" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/news-and-media/">News and blogs</a></li><li id="menu-item-140821" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom"><a target="_blank" href="https://cabi.ciphr-irecruit.com/templates/CIPHR/job_list.aspx">Careers</a></li><li id="menu-item-92427" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/contact-us/">Contact us</a></li><li id="menu-item-140820" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/about-cabi/membership/">Members</a></li></ul></nav></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="fl-col fl-node-dpitc1lu6vz9 fl-col-bg-color fl-col-small" data-node="dpitc1lu6vz9"> <div class="fl-col-content fl-node-content"><div class="fl-module fl-module-heading fl-node-3m4kbpx8fh9n" data-node="3m4kbpx8fh9n"> <div class="fl-module-content fl-node-content"> <h4 class="fl-heading"> <span class="fl-heading-text">CABI Centres</span> </h4> </div> </div> <div class="fl-module fl-module-menu fl-node-xat60kum2grp" data-node="xat60kum2grp"> <div class="fl-module-content fl-node-content"> <div class="fl-menu"> <div class="fl-clear"></div> <nav aria-label="Menu" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/SiteNavigationElement"><ul id="menu-footer-cabi-centres" class="menu fl-menu-vertical fl-toggle-none"><li id="menu-item-127984" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-centre"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/cabi-centre/brazil/">Brazil</a></li><li id="menu-item-127985" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-centre"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/cabi-centre/china/">China</a></li><li id="menu-item-127986" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-centre"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/cabi-centre/ghana/">Ghana</a></li><li id="menu-item-127987" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-centre"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/cabi-centre/india/">India</a></li><li id="menu-item-127988" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-centre"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/cabi-centre/kenya/">Kenya</a></li><li id="menu-item-127989" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-centre"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/cabi-centre/malaysia/">Malaysia</a></li><li id="menu-item-127990" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-centre"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/cabi-centre/pakistan/">Pakistan</a></li><li id="menu-item-127991" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-centre"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/cabi-centre/switzerland/">Switzerland</a></li><li id="menu-item-127992" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-centre"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/cabi-centre/trinidad-and-tobago/">Trinidad and Tobago</a></li><li id="menu-item-127993" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-centre"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/cabi-centre/uk/">United Kingdom</a></li><li id="menu-item-127994" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-centre"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/cabi-centre/usa/">United States of America</a></li><li id="menu-item-127995" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-centre"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/cabi-centre/wallingford/">Wallingford</a></li><li id="menu-item-127996" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-centre"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/what-we-do/cabi-centre/zambia/">Zambia</a></li></ul></nav></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="fl-row fl-row-full-width fl-row-bg-color fl-node-514kg6lfsxn0 fl-row-default-height fl-row-align-center footer-copyright" data-node="514kg6lfsxn0"> <div class="fl-row-content-wrap"> <div class="fl-row-content fl-row-fixed-width fl-node-content"> <div class="fl-col-group fl-node-r941jgzbad8h" data-node="r941jgzbad8h"> <div class="fl-col fl-node-r21w48oidqx7 fl-col-bg-color fl-col-small" data-node="r21w48oidqx7"> <div class="fl-col-content fl-node-content"><div class="fl-module fl-module-rich-text fl-node-tlw12qjdxnf8" data-node="tlw12qjdxnf8"> <div class="fl-module-content fl-node-content"> <div class="fl-rich-text"> <p class="text-center text-md-right">漏 Copyright 2024 CABI is a registered EU trademark</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="fl-col fl-node-hxymwcsgna3t fl-col-bg-color" data-node="hxymwcsgna3t"> <div class="fl-col-content fl-node-content"><div class="fl-module fl-module-menu fl-node-d3w8bpmzjfxv copyright-left" data-node="d3w8bpmzjfxv"> <div class="fl-module-content fl-node-content"> <div class="fl-menu"> <div class="fl-clear"></div> <nav aria-label="Menu" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/SiteNavigationElement"><ul id="menu-footer-bottom-bar" class="menu fl-menu-horizontal fl-toggle-none"><li id="menu-item-135089" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/accessibility/">Accessibility</a></li><li id="menu-item-127923" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-privacy-policy"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/privacy-notice/">Privacy Notice</a></li><li id="menu-item-127922" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/terms-and-conditions/">Terms & Conditions</a></li><li id="menu-item-127924" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/cookie-information/">Cookies</a></li><li id="menu-item-3028709" class="ot-sdk-show-settings menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom"><a href="#">Cookie Settings</a></li><li id="menu-item-128229" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page"><a href="https://www.cabi.org/contact-us/">Contact us</a></li></ul></nav></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </footer> </div>  <script type='text/javascript'> document.addEventListener( 'wpcf7mailsent', function( event ) { if( "fb_pxl_code" in event.detail.apiResponse){ eval(event.detail.apiResponse.fb_pxl_code); } }, false ); </script>  <div id='fb-pxl-ajax-code'></div><script src="https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/plugins/bb-plugin/js/jquery.waypoints.min.js?ver=2.8.5.3" id="jquery-waypoints-js"></script> <script src="https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/plugins/bb-plugin/js/jquery.imagesloaded.min.js?ver=2.8.5.3" id="imagesloaded-js"></script> <script src="https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/plugins/bbpowerpack/assets/js/isotope.pkgd.min.js?ver=3.0.1" id="jquery-isotope-js"></script> <script src="https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/bb-plugin/cache/104374-layout.js?ver=ec7a9e1eca4724a9d1b031af271ad1f2" id="fl-builder-layout-104374-js"></script> <script src="https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/plugins/bb-plugin/js/jquery.ba-throttle-debounce.min.js?ver=2.8.5.3" id="jquery-throttle-js"></script> <script src="https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/plugins/bb-plugin/js/jquery.fitvids.min.js?ver=1.2" id="jquery-fitvids-js"></script> <script src="https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/bb-plugin/cache/a7fe9bed1c53d1805276526bca73174f-layout-bundle.js?ver=2.8.5.3-1.4.11.2" id="fl-builder-layout-bundle-a7fe9bed1c53d1805276526bca73174f-js"></script> <script src="https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/plugins/cred-frontend-editor/vendor/toolset/toolset-common/res/lib/bootstrap3/js/bootstrap.min.js?ver=3.3.7" id="toolset_bootstrap-js"></script> <script src="https://www.cabi.org/wp-includes/js/jquery/ui/core.min.js?ver=1.13.3" id="jquery-ui-core-js"></script> <script src="https://www.cabi.org/wp-includes/js/jquery/ui/datepicker.min.js?ver=1.13.3" id="jquery-ui-datepicker-js"></script> <script id="jquery-ui-datepicker-js-after"> jQuery(function(jQuery){jQuery.datepicker.setDefaults({"closeText":"Close","currentText":"Today","monthNames":["January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"monthNamesShort":["Jan","Feb","Mar","Apr","May","Jun","Jul","Aug","Sep","Oct","Nov","Dec"],"nextText":"Next","prevText":"Previous","dayNames":["Sunday","Monday","Tuesday","Wednesday","Thursday","Friday","Saturday"],"dayNamesShort":["Sun","Mon","Tue","Wed","Thu","Fri","Sat"],"dayNamesMin":["S","M","T","W","T","F","S"],"dateFormat":"dS MM yy","firstDay":1,"isRTL":false});}); </script> <script src="https://www.cabi.org/wp-includes/js/underscore.min.js?ver=1.13.7" id="underscore-js"></script> <script src="https://www.cabi.org/wp-includes/js/jquery/suggest.min.js?ver=1.1-20110113" id="suggest-js"></script> <script src="https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/plugins/cred-frontend-editor/vendor/toolset/toolset-common/toolset-forms/js/main.js?ver=4.4.8" id="wptoolset-forms-js"></script> <script id="wptoolset-field-date-js-extra"> var wptDateData = {"buttonImage":"https:\/\/www.cabi.org\/wp-content\/plugins\/cred-frontend-editor\/vendor\/toolset\/toolset-common\/toolset-forms\/images\/calendar.gif","buttonText":"Select date","dateFormat":"MM d, yy","dateFormatPhp":"F j, Y","dateFormatNote":"Input format: F j, Y","yearMin":"1583","yearMax":"3000","ajaxurl":"https:\/\/www.cabi.org\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","readonly":"This is a read-only date input","readonly_image":"https:\/\/www.cabi.org\/wp-content\/plugins\/cred-frontend-editor\/vendor\/toolset\/toolset-common\/toolset-forms\/images\/calendar-readonly.gif","datepicker_style_url":"https:\/\/www.cabi.org\/wp-content\/plugins\/cred-frontend-editor\/vendor\/toolset\/toolset-common\/toolset-forms\/css\/wpt-jquery-ui\/jquery-ui-1.11.4.custom.css"}; </script> <script src="https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/plugins/cred-frontend-editor/vendor/toolset/toolset-common/toolset-forms/js/date.js?ver=4.4.8" id="wptoolset-field-date-js"></script> <script src="https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/plugins/bb-plugin/js/jquery.magnificpopup.min.js?ver=2.8.5.3" id="jquery-magnificpopup-js"></script> <script src="https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/themes/bb-theme/js/bootstrap-4.min.js?ver=1.7.17.1" id="bootstrap-4-js"></script> <script id="fl-automator-js-extra"> var themeopts = {"medium_breakpoint":"992","mobile_breakpoint":"767","lightbox":"enabled","scrollTopPosition":"800"}; </script> <script src="https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/themes/bb-theme/js/theme.min.js?ver=1.7.17.1" id="fl-automator-js"></script> <script src="https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/plugins/pardot/js/asyncdc.min.js?ver=6.7.1" id="pddc-js"></script> </body> </html>