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And all this was recorded in the Book of the Chronicles in the presence of the king.</title><link rel="canonical" href="https://biblehub.com/esther/2-23.htm" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/new9.css" type="text/css" media="Screen" /><meta property="og:image" content="https://biblehub.com/visuals/5/17_Est_02_23.jpg" /><meta property="og:title" content="Esther 2:23 - Mordecai Uncovers a Conspiracy" /><meta property="og:site_name" content="Bible Hub" /><meta property="og:description" content="After the report had been investigated and verified, both officials were hanged on the gallows. 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All this was recorded in the book of the annals in the presence of the king.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nlt/esther/2.htm">New Living Translation</a></span><br />When an investigation was made and Mordecai’s story was found to be true, the two men were impaled on a sharpened pole. This was all recorded in The Book of the History of King Xerxes’ Reign.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/esv/esther/2.htm">English Standard Version</a></span><br />When the affair was investigated and found to be so, the men were both hanged on the gallows. And it was recorded in the book of the chronicles in the presence of the king.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/bsb/esther/2.htm">Berean Standard Bible</a></span><br />After the report had been investigated and verified, both officials were hanged on the gallows. And all this was recorded in the Book of the Chronicles in the presence of the king.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/kjv/esther/2.htm">King James Bible</a></span><br />And when inquisition was made of the matter, it was found out; therefore they were both hanged on a tree: and it was written in the book of the chronicles before the king.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nkjv/esther/2.htm">New King James Version</a></span><br />And when an inquiry was made into the matter, it was confirmed, and both were hanged on a gallows; and it was written in the book of the chronicles in the presence of the king.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb_/esther/2.htm">New American Standard Bible</a></span><br />Then when the plot was investigated and found <i>to be so,</i> they were both hanged on a wooden <i>gallows;</i> and it was written in the Book of the Chronicles in the king’s presence.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb/esther/2.htm">NASB 1995</a></span><br />Now when the plot was investigated and found to be so, they were both hanged on a gallows; and it was written in the Book of the Chronicles in the king&#8217s presence.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb77/esther/2.htm">NASB 1977 </a></span><br />Now when the plot was investigated and found <i>to be so,</i> they were both hanged on a gallows; and it was written in the Book of the Chronicles in the king’s presence.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lsb/esther/2.htm">Legacy Standard Bible </a></span><br />Then the matter was sought out and found <i>to be true</i>, so they were both hanged on a gallows; and it was written in the book of the chronicles in the king’s presence.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/amp/esther/2.htm">Amplified Bible</a></span><br />Now when the plot was investigated and found <i>to be true,</i> both men were hanged on the gallows. And it was recorded in the Book of the Chronicles in the king’s presence.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/csb/esther/2.htm">Christian Standard Bible</a></span><br />When the report was investigated and verified, both men were hanged on the gallows. This event was recorded in the Historical Record in the king’s presence.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/hcsb/esther/2.htm">Holman Christian Standard Bible</a></span><br />When the report was investigated and verified, both men were hanged on the gallows. This event was recorded in the Historical Record in the king&#8217s presence. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/asv/esther/2.htm">American Standard Version</a></span><br />And when inquisition was made of the matter, and it was found to be so, they were both hanged on a tree: and it was written in the book of the chronicles before the king.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/cev/esther/2.htm">Contemporary English Version</a></span><br />King Xerxes learned that Mordecai's report was true, and he had the two men hanged. Then the king had all of this written down in his record book as he watched. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/erv/esther/2.htm">English Revised Version</a></span><br />And when inquisition was made of the matter, and it was found to be so, they were both hanged on a tree: and it was written in the book of the chronicles before the king.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/gwt/esther/2.htm">GOD'S WORD® Translation</a></span><br />When the report was investigated and found to be true, the dead bodies of Bigthan and Teresh were hung on a pole. The matter was written up in the king's presence in his official record of daily events.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/gnt/esther/2.htm">Good News Translation</a></span><br />There was an investigation, and it was discovered that the report was true, so both men were hanged on the gallows. The king ordered an account of this to be written down in the official records of the empire. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/isv/esther/2.htm">International Standard Version</a></span><br />After the matter had been fully investigated, Bigthan and Teresh were hanged on a pole, and this was recorded in the Book of the Chronicles in the presence of the king.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/msb/esther/2.htm">Majority Standard Bible</a></span><br />After the report had been investigated and verified, both officials were hanged on the gallows. And all this was recorded in the Book of the Chronicles in the presence of the king.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/net/esther/2.htm">NET Bible</a></span><br />The king then had the matter investigated and, finding it to be so, had the two conspirators hanged on a gallows. It was then recorded in the daily chronicles in the king's presence. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nheb/esther/2.htm">New Heart English Bible</a></span><br />When this matter was investigated, and it was found to be so, they were both hanged on a tree; and it was written in the book of the chronicles in the king's presence.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/wbt/esther/2.htm">Webster's Bible Translation</a></span><br />And when inquisition was made of the matter, it was discovered; therefore they were both hanged on a tree: and it was written in the book of the chronicles before the king.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/web/esther/2.htm">World English Bible</a></span><br />When this matter was investigated, and it was found to be so, they were both hanged on a gallows; and it was written in the book of the chronicles in the king’s presence. <div class="vheading2"><b>Literal Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lsv/esther/2.htm">Literal Standard Version</a></span><br />and the thing is sought out, and found, and both of them are hanged on a tree, and it is written in the scroll of the Chronicles before the king.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/ylt/esther/2.htm">Young's Literal Translation</a></span><br /> and the thing is sought out, and found, and they are hanged both of them on a tree, and it is written in the book of the Chronicles before the king.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/slt/esther/2.htm">Smith's Literal Translation</a></span><br />And the word will be sought out and found, and they two will be hung upon a tree: and it will be written in the book of the words of the days before the king.<div class="vheading2"><b>Catholic Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/drb/esther/2.htm">Douay-Rheims Bible</a></span><br />It was inquired into, and found out: and they were both hanged on a gibbet. And it was put in the histories, and recorded in the chronicles before the king. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/cpdv/esther/2.htm">Catholic Public Domain Version</a></span><br /><V 4:23>It was inquired into and discovered, and they were both hanged on a gallows. And it was committed to the histories and the chronicles which are delivered in the sight of the king.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nabre/esther/2.htm">New American Bible</a></span><br />The matter was investigated and verified, and both of them were impaled on stakes. This was written in the annals in the king’s presence.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nrsvce/esther/2.htm">New Revised Standard Version</a></span><br />When the affair was investigated and found to be so, both the men were hanged on the gallows. It was recorded in the book of the annals in the presence of the king.<div class="vheading2"><b>Translations from Aramaic</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lamsa/esther/2.htm">Lamsa Bible</a></span><br />And when the matter was investigated and found to be so, they were both nailed on crosses, and it was written in the book of chronicles be fore the king.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/hpbt/esther/2.htm">Peshitta Holy Bible Translated</a></span><br />And the matter was investigated and it was uncovered, and both were crucified on crosses. They were written in The Book of Days in front of the King. <div class="vheading2"><b>OT Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/jps/esther/2.htm">JPS Tanakh 1917</a></span><br />And when inquisition was made of the matter, and it was found to be so, they were both hanged on a tree; and it was written in the book of the chronicles before the king.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/sep/esther/2.htm">Brenton Septuagint Translation</a></span><br />And the king examined the two chamberlains, and hanged them: and the king gave orders to make a note for a memorial in the royal records of the good offices of Mardochaeus, as a commendation.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/parallel/esther/2-23.htm">Additional Translations ...</a></span></div></div></div><div id="centbox"><div class="padcent"><a name="audio" id="audio"></a><div class="vheadingv"><b>Audio Bible</b></div><iframe width="100%" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/TRosJDhNG-8?start=558" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen></iframe><span class="p"><br /><br /><br /></span><div class="vheadingv"><b>Context</b></div><span class="hdg"><a href="/bsb/esther/2.htm">Mordecai Uncovers a Conspiracy</a></span><br>…<span class="reftext">22</span>When Mordecai learned of the plot, he reported it to Queen Esther, and she informed the king on Mordecai’s behalf. <span class="reftext">23</span><span class="highl"><a href="/hebrew/1697.htm" title="1697: had·dā·ḇār (Art:: N-ms) -- Speech, word. From dabar; a word; by implication, a matter or thing; adverbially, a cause.">After the report</a> <a href="/hebrew/1245.htm" title="1245: way·ḇuq·qaš (Conj-w:: V-Pual-ConsecImperf-3ms) -- To seek. A primitive root; to search out; by implication, to strive after.">had been investigated</a> <a href="/hebrew/4672.htm" title="4672: way·yim·mā·ṣê (Conj-w:: V-Nifal-ConsecImperf-3ms) -- To attain to, find. ">and verified,</a> <a href="/hebrew/8147.htm" title="8147: šə·nê·hem (Number-mdc:: 3mp) -- Two (a card. number). Dual of sheniy; feminine shttayim; two; also twofold.">both officials</a> <a href="/hebrew/8518.htm" title="8518: way·yit·tā·lū (Conj-w:: V-Nifal-ConsecImperf-3mp) -- To hang. A primitive root; to suspend.">were hanged</a> <a href="/hebrew/5921.htm" title="5921: ‘al- (Prep) -- Properly, the same as al used as a preposition; above, over, upon, or against in a great variety of applications.">on</a> <a href="/hebrew/6086.htm" title="6086: ‘êṣ (N-ms) -- Tree, trees, wood. From atsah; a tree; hence, wood.">the gallows.</a> <a href="/hebrew/3789.htm" title="3789: way·yik·kā·ṯêḇ (Conj-w:: V-Nifal-ConsecImperf-3ms) -- To write. A primitive root; to grave, by implication, to write.">And all this was recorded</a> <a href="/hebrew/5612.htm" title="5612: bə·sê·p̄er (Prep-b:: N-msc) -- A missive, document, writing, book. Or ciphrah; from caphar; properly, writing; by implication, a book.">in the Book</a> <a href="/hebrew/1697.htm" title="1697: diḇ·rê (N-mpc) -- Speech, word. From dabar; a word; by implication, a matter or thing; adverbially, a cause.">of the Chronicles</a> <a href="/hebrew/3117.htm" title="3117: hay·yā·mîm (Art:: N-mp) -- Day. From an unused root meaning to be hot; a day, whether literal, or figurative."></a> <a href="/hebrew/6440.htm" title="6440: lip̄·nê (Prep-l:: N-cpc) -- Face, faces. Plural of an unused noun; the face; used in a great variety of applications; also as a preposition.">in the presence</a> <a href="/hebrew/4428.htm" title="4428: ham·me·leḵ (Art:: N-ms) -- King. From malak; a king.">of the king.</a> </span><div class="cred"><a href="//berean.bible">Berean Standard Bible</a> · <a href="//berean.bible/downloads.htm">Download</a></div><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a name="crossref" id="crossref"></a><div class="vheading">Cross References</div><div id="crf"><span class="crossverse"><a href="/daniel/2-22.htm">Daniel 2:22</a></span><br />He reveals the deep and hidden things; He knows what lies in darkness, and light dwells with Him.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/proverbs/26-27.htm">Proverbs 26:27</a></span><br />He who digs a pit will fall into it, and he who rolls a stone will have it roll back on him.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/psalms/7-15.htm">Psalm 7:15-16</a></span><br />He has dug a hole and hollowed it out; he has fallen into a pit of his own making. / His trouble recoils on himself, and his violence falls on his own head.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/psalms/9-15.htm">Psalm 9:15-16</a></span><br />The nations have fallen into a pit of their making; their feet are caught in the net they have hidden. / The LORD is known by the justice He brings; the wicked are ensnared by the work of their hands. Higgaion Selah<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/ecclesiastes/10-8.htm">Ecclesiastes 10:8</a></span><br />He who digs a pit may fall into it, and he who breaches a wall may be bitten by a snake.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/2_samuel/17-23.htm">2 Samuel 17:23</a></span><br />When Ahithophel saw that his advice had not been followed, he saddled his donkey and set out for his house in his hometown. He put his affairs in order and hanged himself. So he died and was buried in his father’s tomb.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/2_kings/11-1.htm">2 Kings 11:1-2</a></span><br />When Athaliah the mother of Ahaziah saw that her son was dead, she proceeded to annihilate all the royal heirs. / But Jehosheba daughter of King Joram, the sister of Ahaziah, took Joash son of Ahaziah and stole him away from among the sons of the king who were being murdered. She put him and his nurse in a bedroom to hide him from Athaliah, and he was not killed.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/nehemiah/6-2.htm">Nehemiah 6:2</a></span><br />Sanballat and Geshem sent me this message: “Come, let us meet together in one of the villages on the plain of Ono.” But they were planning to harm me.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/genesis/41-13.htm">Genesis 41:13</a></span><br />And it happened to us just as he had interpreted: I was restored to my position, and the other man was hanged.”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/2_samuel/1-16.htm">2 Samuel 1:16</a></span><br />For David had said to the Amalekite, “Your blood be on your own head because your own mouth has testified against you, saying, ‘I killed the LORD’s anointed.’”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/matthew/27-3.htm">Matthew 27:3-5</a></span><br />When Judas, who had betrayed Him, saw that Jesus was condemned, he was filled with remorse and returned the thirty pieces of silver to the chief priests and elders. / “I have sinned by betraying innocent blood,” he said. “What is that to us?” they replied. “You bear the responsibility.” / So Judas threw the silver into the temple and left. Then he went away and hanged himself.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/acts/5-1.htm">Acts 5:1-11</a></span><br />Now a man named Ananias, together with his wife Sapphira, also sold a piece of property. / With his wife’s full knowledge, he kept back some of the proceeds for himself, but brought a portion and laid it at the apostles’ feet. / Then Peter said, “Ananias, how is it that Satan has filled your heart to lie to the Holy Spirit and withhold some of the proceeds from the land? ...<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/acts/12-19.htm">Acts 12:19</a></span><br />After Herod had searched for him unsuccessfully, he examined the guards and ordered that they be executed. Then he went down from Judea to Caesarea and spent some time there.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/acts/16-27.htm">Acts 16:27</a></span><br />When the jailer woke up and saw the prison doors open, he drew his sword and was about to kill himself, presuming that the prisoners had escaped.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/romans/12-19.htm">Romans 12:19</a></span><br />Do not avenge yourselves, beloved, but leave room for God’s wrath. For it is written: “Vengeance is Mine; I will repay, says the Lord.”</div><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a name="tsk" id="tsk"><div class="vheading">Treasury of Scripture</div><p class="tsk2">And when inquisition was made of the matter, it was found out; therefore they were both hanged on a tree: and it was written in the book of the chronicles before the king.</p><p class="hdg">hanged.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/esther/5-14.htm">Esther 5:14</a></b></br> Then said Zeresh his wife and all his friends unto him, Let a gallows be made of fifty cubits high, and to morrow speak thou unto the king that Mordecai may be hanged thereon: then go thou in merrily with the king unto the banquet. And the thing pleased Haman; and he caused the gallows to be made.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/esther/7-10.htm">Esther 7:10</a></b></br> So they hanged Haman on the gallows that he had prepared for Mordecai. Then was the king's wrath pacified.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/genesis/40-19.htm">Genesis 40:19,22</a></b></br> Yet within three days shall Pharaoh lift up thy head from off thee, and shall hang thee on a tree; and the birds shall eat thy flesh from off thee… </p><p class="hdg">the book.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/esther/6-1.htm">Esther 6:1,2</a></b></br> On that night could not the king sleep, and he commanded to bring the book of records of the chronicles; and they were read before the king… </p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/malachi/3-16.htm">Malachi 3:16</a></b></br> Then they that feared the LORD spake often one to another: and the LORD hearkened, and heard <i>it</i>, and a book of remembrance was written before him for them that feared the LORD, and that thought upon his name.</p><div class="vheading">Jump to Previous</div><a href="/numbers/25-18.htm">Affair</a> <a href="/nehemiah/13-1.htm">Book</a> <a href="/nehemiah/12-23.htm">Chronicles</a> <a href="/nehemiah/9-26.htm">Death</a> <a href="/nehemiah/13-10.htm">Discovered</a> <a href="/esther/2-22.htm">Found</a> <a href="/esther/9-25.htm">Gallows</a> <a href="/ezra/6-11.htm">Hanged</a> <a href="/1_kings/7-29.htm">Hanging</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/19-18.htm">Inquisition</a> <a href="/1_chronicles/26-31.htm">Investigated</a> <a href="/esther/2-21.htm">King's</a> <a href="/esther/2-4.htm">Matter</a> <a href="/esther/2-21.htm">Officials</a> <a href="/esther/2-22.htm">Plot</a> <a href="/esther/1-16.htm">Presence</a> <a href="/nehemiah/12-23.htm">Recorded</a> <a href="/nehemiah/7-64.htm">Records</a> <a href="/nehemiah/6-13.htm">Report</a> <a href="/esther/2-21.htm">Sought</a> <a href="/nehemiah/10-35.htm">Tree</a> <a href="/nehemiah/9-33.htm">True.</a> <a href="/esther/1-19.htm">Written</a><div class="vheading2">Jump to Next</div><a href="/acts/19-40.htm">Affair</a> <a href="/esther/6-1.htm">Book</a> <a href="/esther/6-1.htm">Chronicles</a> <a href="/esther/4-11.htm">Death</a> <a href="/psalms/18-15.htm">Discovered</a> <a href="/esther/4-1.htm">Found</a> <a href="/esther/5-14.htm">Gallows</a> <a href="/esther/5-14.htm">Hanged</a> <a href="/esther/5-14.htm">Hanging</a> <a href="/job/34-24.htm">Inquisition</a> <a href="/job/5-27.htm">Investigated</a> <a href="/esther/3-2.htm">King's</a> <a href="/esther/9-26.htm">Matter</a> <a href="/esther/3-2.htm">Officials</a> <a href="/esther/9-25.htm">Plot</a> <a href="/esther/7-6.htm">Presence</a> <a href="/esther/9-20.htm">Recorded</a> <a href="/esther/6-1.htm">Records</a> <a href="/job/28-22.htm">Report</a> <a href="/esther/3-6.htm">Sought</a> <a href="/esther/6-4.htm">Tree</a> <a href="/job/5-27.htm">True.</a> <a href="/esther/3-9.htm">Written</a><div class="vheading2">Esther 2</div><span class="reftext">1. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/esther/2-1.htm">Out of the choice of virgins a queen is to be chosen.</a></span><br><span class="reftext">5. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/esther/2-5.htm">Mordecai the nursing father of Esther.</a></span><br><span class="reftext">8. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/esther/2-8.htm">Esther preferred before the rest.</a></span><br><span class="reftext">12. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/esther/2-12.htm">The manner of purification, and going in to the king.</a></span><br><span class="reftext">15. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/esther/2-15.htm">Esther, best pleasing the king, is made queen.</a></span><br><span class="reftext">21. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/esther/2-21.htm">Mordecai, discovering a treason, is recorded in the chronicles.</a></span><br></div></div><div id="mdd"><div align="center"><div class="bot2"><table align="center" width="100%"><tr><td><div align="center"> <script id="3d27ed63fc4348d5b062c4527ae09445"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=51ce25d5-1a8c-424a-8695-4bd48c750f35&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script> <script id="b817b7107f1d4a7997da1b3c33457e03"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=cb0edd8b-b416-47eb-8c6d-3cc96561f7e8&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-2'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-0' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-3'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-1' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div><br /><br />  <div align="center" id='div-gpt-ad-1531425649696-0'> </div><br /><br /> <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display:inline-block;width:200px;height:200px" data-ad-client="ca-pub-3753401421161123" data-ad-slot="3592799687"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> <br /><br /> </div> </td></tr></table></div></div></div><div id="combox"><div class="padcom"><a name="study" id="study"></a><div class="vheading"><table width="100%"><tr><td width="99%" valign="top"><a href="/study/esther/2.htm">Study Bible</a></td><td width="1%" valign="top"><a href="/study/esther/" title="Book Summary and Study">Book ◦</a> <a href="/study/chapters/esther/2.htm" title="Chapter summary and Study">Chapter </a></tr></table></div><b>After the report had been investigated and verified</b><br>This phrase highlights the importance of due diligence and justice in the Persian Empire. The investigation process reflects the administrative practices of the time, where accusations were thoroughly examined before any action was taken. This mirrors the biblical principle of establishing truth through multiple witnesses (<a href="/deuteronomy/19-15.htm">Deuteronomy 19:15</a>). The careful verification process underscores the seriousness of the conspiracy against King Xerxes and the integrity of Mordecai, who reported it.<p><b>both officials were hanged on the gallows</b><br>The execution of the officials, Bigthana and Teresh, who plotted against the king, demonstrates the severe consequences of treason in ancient Persia. The term "gallows" may refer to a wooden structure used for hanging or impalement, a common method of execution in the ancient Near East. This act of justice serves as a reminder of the divine protection over the king and the unfolding of God's providential plan, as Mordecai's loyalty is later rewarded, playing a crucial role in the deliverance of the Jewish people.<p><b>And all this was recorded in the Book of the Chronicles in the presence of the king</b><br>The recording of events in the royal chronicles signifies the importance of documentation in the Persian court. These records were official documents that preserved significant occurrences and decisions. This practice ensured that Mordecai's good deed was not forgotten, setting the stage for future developments in the narrative. The mention of the king's presence emphasizes the authenticity and authority of the record. This act of recording parallels the biblical theme of God's remembrance of righteous deeds (<a href="/malachi/3-16.htm">Malachi 3:16</a>) and foreshadows the eventual recognition and elevation of Mordecai, which is pivotal in the story of Esther.<div class="vheading2">Persons / Places / Events</div>1. <b><a href="/topical/m/mordecai.htm">Mordecai</a></b><br>A Jew living in Susa, the capital of Persia, who uncovers a plot against King Xerxes. His loyalty and wisdom are pivotal in the account.<br><br>2. <b><a href="/topical/b/bigthana_and_teresh.htm">Bigthana and Teresh</a></b><br>Two of the king's eunuchs who conspire to assassinate King Xerxes. Their plot is thwarted by Mordecai's intervention.<br><br>3. <b><a href="/topical/k/king_xerxes.htm">King Xerxes (Ahasuerus)</a></b><br>The Persian king during the time of Esther. His reign is marked by significant events, including the elevation of Esther as queen.<br><br>4. <b><a href="/topical/t/the_gallows.htm">The Gallows</a></b><br>A structure used for execution, symbolizing justice and the king's authority to punish treason.<br><br>5. <b><a href="/topical/t/the_book_of_the_chronicles.htm">The Book of the Chronicles</a></b><br>A record-keeping book where significant events and decisions are documented in the king's presence, ensuring accountability and historical record.<div class="vheading2">Teaching Points</div><b><a href="/topical/t/the_importance_of_loyalty_and_integrity.htm">The Importance of Loyalty and Integrity</a></b><br>Mordecai's loyalty to the king, despite being a foreigner, highlights the Christian call to integrity and faithfulness in all circumstances.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/g/god's_sovereign_plan.htm">God's Sovereign Plan</a></b><br>Even in a foreign land, God uses Mordecai's actions to protect His people, reminding us that God is sovereign and works through our circumstances.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/t/the_role_of_justice.htm">The Role of Justice</a></b><br>The execution of the conspirators underscores the biblical principle of justice, where wrongdoing is met with appropriate consequences.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/t/the_power_of_record-keeping.htm">The Power of Record-Keeping</a></b><br>The recording of events in the chronicles serves as a reminder of the importance of accountability and the lasting impact of our actions.<div class="vheading2">Lists and Questions</div><a href="/top10/lessons_from_esther_2.htm">Top 10 Lessons from Esther 2</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/why_do_2_chron._35_and_2_kings_23_differ.htm">Why do 2 Chronicles 35 and 2 Kings 23 differ in their accounts of Josiah's death, raising questions about the actual historical events?</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/why_isn't_mordecai's_book_referenced.htm">Esther 10:2 – Why aren’t the “book of the chronicles of the kings of Media and Persia” referenced by other sources if it so prominently features Mordecai? </a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/are_there_records_of_vashti's_banishment.htm">Could Queen Vashti’s refusal (Esther 1:12) and subsequent banishment be supported by Persian royal court records or historical precedents? </a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/does_'book_of_wars'_question_bible's_completeness.htm">Numbers 21:14 – Does the mention of the “Book of the Wars of the LORD,” which is lost to history, raise doubts about the completeness or preservation of biblical texts? </a><a name="commentary" id="commentary"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/ellicott/esther/2.htm">Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers</a></div>(23) <span class= "bld">Hanged on a tree.</span>--Were crucified; a common punishment among the Persians, especially on rebels (Herod. iii. 120, 125, 159, &c). The dead body of Leonidas was crucified by Xerxes' orders after the desperate stand at Thermopylae.<p><span class= "bld">Book of the chronicles.</span>--A sleepless night of Xerxes accidentally brought this matter, after it had been forgotten, before the king's mind. Herodotus often refers to these Persian Chronicles (vii. 100; viii. 85, 90).<p><span class= "bld"><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/pulpit/esther/2.htm">Pulpit Commentary</a></div><span class="cmt_sub_title">Verse 23.</span> - <span class="cmt_word">It was found out</span>. The subsequent history shows that Mordecai's information was found to be correct, since he was ultimately adjudged to have deserved the highest possible reward (<a href="/esther/6-6.htm">Esther 6:6-10</a>). The two conspirators were condemned to death and <span class="cmt_word">hanged on a tree</span>, <span class="accented">i.e.</span> crucified or impaled, as traitors and rebels commonly were in Persia (see Herod., 3 159; 4:43; 'Behist. Inscr.,' col. 2. pars. 13, 14; col. 3. par. 8). <span class="cmt_word">And it was written in the book of the chronicles</span>. Historiographers were attached to the Persian court, and attended the monarch wherever he went. We find them noting down facts for Xerxes at Doriscus (Herod., 7:100), and again at Salamis (<span class="accented">ibid.</span> 8:90). They kept a record something like the <span class="accented">acta diurna</span> of the early Roman empire (Tacit., 'Ann.,' 13:31), and specially noted whatever concerned the king. Ctesias pretended to have drawn his Persian history from these "chronicles" (<span class="accented">up.</span> Diod. Sic., 2:32), and Herodotus seems to have obtained access to some of them (see the writer's 'Herodotus,' Introduction, ch. 1.h p. 56). <span class="cmt_word">Before the king</span>. <span class="accented">i.e.</span> "in the king's presence." This was not always the case; but when the matter was very important the king exercised a supervision over what was written. <p> <p> <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/commentaries/esther/2-23.htm">Parallel Commentaries ...</a></span><span class="p"><br /><br /><br /></span><a name="lexicon" id="lexicon"></a><div class="vheading">Hebrew</div><span class="word">After the report</span><br /><span class="heb">הַדָּבָר֙</span> <span class="translit">(had·dā·ḇār)</span><br /><span class="parse">Article | Noun - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_1697.htm">Strong's 1697: </a> </span><span class="str2">A word, a matter, thing, a cause</span><br /><br /><span class="word">had been investigated</span><br /><span class="heb">וַיְבֻקַּ֤שׁ</span> <span class="translit">(way·ḇuq·qaš)</span><br /><span class="parse">Conjunctive waw | Verb - Pual - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_1245.htm">Strong's 1245: </a> </span><span class="str2">To search out, to strive after</span><br /><br /><span class="word">and verified,</span><br /><span class="heb">וַיִּמָּצֵ֔א</span> <span class="translit">(way·yim·mā·ṣê)</span><br /><span class="parse">Conjunctive waw | Verb - Nifal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_4672.htm">Strong's 4672: </a> </span><span class="str2">To come forth to, appear, exist, to attain, find, acquire, to occur, meet, be present</span><br /><br /><span class="word">both [officials]</span><br /><span class="heb">שְׁנֵיהֶ֖ם</span> <span class="translit">(šə·nê·hem)</span><br /><span class="parse">Number - mdc | third person masculine plural<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_8147.htm">Strong's 8147: </a> </span><span class="str2">Two (a cardinal number)</span><br /><br /><span class="word">were hanged</span><br /><span class="heb">וַיִּתָּל֥וּ</span> <span class="translit">(way·yit·tā·lū)</span><br /><span class="parse">Conjunctive waw | Verb - Nifal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_8518.htm">Strong's 8518: </a> </span><span class="str2">To suspend</span><br /><br /><span class="word">on</span><br /><span class="heb">עַל־</span> <span class="translit">(‘al-)</span><br /><span class="parse">Preposition<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_5921.htm">Strong's 5921: </a> </span><span class="str2">Above, over, upon, against</span><br /><br /><span class="word">the gallows.</span><br /><span class="heb">עֵ֑ץ</span> <span class="translit">(‘êṣ)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_6086.htm">Strong's 6086: </a> </span><span class="str2">Tree, trees, wood</span><br /><br /><span class="word">And all this was recorded</span><br /><span class="heb">וַיִּכָּתֵ֗ב</span> <span class="translit">(way·yik·kā·ṯêḇ)</span><br /><span class="parse">Conjunctive waw | Verb - Nifal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3789.htm">Strong's 3789: </a> </span><span class="str2">To grave, to write</span><br /><br /><span class="word">in the Book</span><br /><span class="heb">בְּסֵ֛פֶר</span> <span class="translit">(bə·sê·p̄er)</span><br /><span class="parse">Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular construct<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_5612.htm">Strong's 5612: </a> </span><span class="str2">A missive, document, writing, book</span><br /><br /><span class="word">of the Chronicles</span><br /><span class="heb">דִּבְרֵ֥י</span> <span class="translit">(diḇ·rê)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - masculine plural construct<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_1697.htm">Strong's 1697: </a> </span><span class="str2">A word, a matter, thing, a cause</span><br /><br /><span class="word">in the presence</span><br /><span class="heb">לִפְנֵ֥י</span> <span class="translit">(lip̄·nê)</span><br /><span class="parse">Preposition-l | Noun - common plural construct<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_6440.htm">Strong's 6440: </a> </span><span class="str2">The face</span><br /><br /><span class="word">of the king.</span><br /><span class="heb">הַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃</span> <span class="translit">(ham·me·leḵ)</span><br /><span class="parse">Article | Noun - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_4428.htm">Strong's 4428: </a> </span><span class="str2">A king</span><br /><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><div class="vheading">Links</div><a href="/niv/esther/2-23.htm">Esther 2:23 NIV</a><br /><a href="/nlt/esther/2-23.htm">Esther 2:23 NLT</a><br /><a href="/esv/esther/2-23.htm">Esther 2:23 ESV</a><br /><a href="/nasb/esther/2-23.htm">Esther 2:23 NASB</a><br /><a href="/kjv/esther/2-23.htm">Esther 2:23 KJV</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="//bibleapps.com/esther/2-23.htm">Esther 2:23 BibleApps.com</a><br /><a href="//bibliaparalela.com/esther/2-23.htm">Esther 2:23 Biblia Paralela</a><br /><a href="//holybible.com.cn/esther/2-23.htm">Esther 2:23 Chinese Bible</a><br /><a href="//saintebible.com/esther/2-23.htm">Esther 2:23 French Bible</a><br /><a href="/catholic/esther/2-23.htm">Esther 2:23 Catholic Bible</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/esther/2-23.htm">OT History: Esther 2:23 When this matter was investigated and it (Est Esth. Es) </a></div></div></td></tr></table></div><div id="left"><a href="/esther/2-22.htm" onmouseover='lft.src="/leftgif.png"' onmouseout='lft.src="/left.png"' title="Esther 2:22"><img src="/left.png" name="lft" border="0" alt="Esther 2:22" /></a></div><div id="right"><a href="/esther/3-1.htm" onmouseover='rght.src="/rightgif.png"' onmouseout='rght.src="/right.png"' title="Esther 3:1"><img src="/right.png" name="rght" border="0" alt="Esther 3:1" /></a></div><div id="botleft"><a href="#" onmouseover='botleft.src="/botleftgif.png"' onmouseout='botleft.src="/botleft.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botleft.png" name="botleft" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="botright"><a href="#" onmouseover='botright.src="/botrightgif.png"' onmouseout='botright.src="/botright.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botright.png" name="botright" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="bot"><iframe width="100%" height="1500" scrolling="no" src="/botmenubhnew2.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></div></td></tr></table></div></body></html>