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class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="外观"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="更改页面字体大小、宽度和颜色的外观" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="外观" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">外观</span> </label> <div 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title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的" class=""><span>创建账号</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>登录</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="更多选项" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="个人工具" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">个人工具</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="用户菜单" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=zh.wikipedia.org&uselang=zh"><span>资助维基百科</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>创建账号</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登录</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-歷史" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#歷史"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>歷史</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-歷史-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-各地情形" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#各地情形"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>各地情形</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-各地情形-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关各地情形子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-各地情形-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-英國" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#英國"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>英國</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-英國-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-美國" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#美國"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>美國</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-美國-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-中華民國（臺灣）" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#中華民國（臺灣）"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>中華民國（臺灣）</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-中華民國（臺灣）-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-馬來西亞" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#馬來西亞"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>馬來西亞</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-馬來西亞-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-中華人民共和國" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#中華人民共和國"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>中華人民共和國</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-中華人民共和國-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-中国大陆居民身份证" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#中国大陆居民身份证"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5.1</span> <span>中国大陆居民身份证</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-中国大陆居民身份证-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-香港身份證" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#香港身份證"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5.2</span> <span>香港身份證</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-香港身份證-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-澳門身份證" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#澳門身份證"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5.3</span> <span>澳門身份證</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-澳門身份證-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-港澳台居民居住证" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#港澳台居民居住证"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5.4</span> <span>港澳台居民居住证</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-港澳台居民居住证-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-其他国家/地区" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#其他国家/地区"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>其他国家/地区</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-其他国家/地区-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-強制性身分證實施國及實施地區" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#強制性身分證實施國及實施地區"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6.1</span> <span>強制性身分證實施國及實施地區</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-強制性身分證實施國及實施地區-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-非強制性身分證實施國" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#非強制性身分證實施國"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6.2</span> <span>非強制性身分證實施國</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-非強制性身分證實施國-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-身分證支-{}-持方、反對方爭論" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#身分證支-{}-持方、反對方爭論"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>身分證支持方、反對方爭論</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-身分證支-{}-持方、反對方爭論-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关身分證支持方、反對方爭論子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-身分證支-{}-持方、反對方爭論-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-支-{}-持方" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#支-{}-持方"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>支持方</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-支-{}-持方-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-反對方" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#反對方"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>反對方</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-反對方-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-參考文献" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參考文献"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>參考文献</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-參考文献-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外部連結" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外部連結"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>外部連結</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外部連結-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">身份证</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。21种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-21" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">21种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%84%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D0%B9%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D1%8B" title="Ідэнтыфікацыйныя карты – 白俄罗斯语" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Ідэнтыфікацыйныя карты" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="白俄罗斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Лична карта – 保加利亚语" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Лична карта" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personalausweis" title="Personalausweis – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Personalausweis" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Identiga_karto" title="Identiga karto – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Identiga karto" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henkil%C3%B6kortti" title="Henkilökortti – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Henkilökortti" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carte_d%27identit%C3%A9" title="Carte d'identité – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Carte d'identité" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carta_d%27identit%C3%A0" title="Carta d'identità – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Carta d'identità" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tessera_identitatis" title="Tessera identitatis – 拉丁语" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Tessera identitatis" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="拉丁语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Identit%C3%A9itskaart" title="Identitéitskaart – 卢森堡语" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Identitéitskaart" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="卢森堡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asmens_tapatyb%C4%97s_kortel%C4%97" title="Asmens tapatybės kortelė – 立陶宛语" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Asmens tapatybės kortelė" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="立陶宛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Лична карта – 马其顿语" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Лична карта" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="马其顿语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Identiteitskaart" title="Identiteitskaart – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Identiteitskaart" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nasjonalt_ID-kort" title="Nasjonalt ID-kort – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Nasjonalt ID-kort" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carta_d%27identitat" title="Carta d'identitat – 奥克语" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Carta d'identitat" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="奥克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carte_de_identitate" title="Carte de identitate – 罗马尼亚语" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Carte de identitate" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D1%8B" title="Идентификационные карты – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Идентификационные карты" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li%C4%8Dna_karta" title="Lična karta – 塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Lična karta" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Лична карта – 塞尔维亚语" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Лична карта" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%E1%BA%BB_c%C4%83n_c%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc" title="Thẻ căn cước – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Thẻ căn cước" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cw%C3%A5te_d%27_idintit%C3%A9" title="Cwåte d' idintité – 瓦隆语" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Cwåte d' idintité" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="瓦隆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AD%89" title="身份證 – 粤语" lang="yue" 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style="width:144px;max-width:144px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:89px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%E8%BF%9E%E6%B1%9F%E5%8E%BF%E5%85%AC%E5%AE%89%E5%B1%80%E7%AD%BE%E5%8F%91%E7%9A%84%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E4%BB%A3%E5%B1%85%E6%B0%91%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81%EF%BC%88%E6%AD%A3%E9%9D%A2%EF%BC%89.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/%E8%BF%9E%E6%B1%9F%E5%8E%BF%E5%85%AC%E5%AE%89%E5%B1%80%E7%AD%BE%E5%8F%91%E7%9A%84%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E4%BB%A3%E5%B1%85%E6%B0%91%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81%EF%BC%88%E6%AD%A3%E9%9D%A2%EF%BC%89.jpg/142px-%E8%BF%9E%E6%B1%9F%E5%8E%BF%E5%85%AC%E5%AE%89%E5%B1%80%E7%AD%BE%E5%8F%91%E7%9A%84%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E4%BB%A3%E5%B1%85%E6%B0%91%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81%EF%BC%88%E6%AD%A3%E9%9D%A2%EF%BC%89.jpg" decoding="async" width="142" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/%E8%BF%9E%E6%B1%9F%E5%8E%BF%E5%85%AC%E5%AE%89%E5%B1%80%E7%AD%BE%E5%8F%91%E7%9A%84%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E4%BB%A3%E5%B1%85%E6%B0%91%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81%EF%BC%88%E6%AD%A3%E9%9D%A2%EF%BC%89.jpg/213px-%E8%BF%9E%E6%B1%9F%E5%8E%BF%E5%85%AC%E5%AE%89%E5%B1%80%E7%AD%BE%E5%8F%91%E7%9A%84%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E4%BB%A3%E5%B1%85%E6%B0%91%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81%EF%BC%88%E6%AD%A3%E9%9D%A2%EF%BC%89.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/%E8%BF%9E%E6%B1%9F%E5%8E%BF%E5%85%AC%E5%AE%89%E5%B1%80%E7%AD%BE%E5%8F%91%E7%9A%84%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E4%BB%A3%E5%B1%85%E6%B0%91%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81%EF%BC%88%E6%AD%A3%E9%9D%A2%EF%BC%89.jpg/284px-%E8%BF%9E%E6%B1%9F%E5%8E%BF%E5%85%AC%E5%AE%89%E5%B1%80%E7%AD%BE%E5%8F%91%E7%9A%84%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E4%BB%A3%E5%B1%85%E6%B0%91%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81%EF%BC%88%E6%AD%A3%E9%9D%A2%EF%BC%89.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3998" data-file-height="2529" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:144px;max-width:144px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:89px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:ROC_mibunsho.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/ROC_mibunsho.jpg/142px-ROC_mibunsho.jpg" decoding="async" width="142" height="89" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/ROC_mibunsho.jpg/213px-ROC_mibunsho.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/ROC_mibunsho.jpg/284px-ROC_mibunsho.jpg 2x" data-file-width="451" data-file-height="284" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:145px;max-width:145px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:89px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF%E6%99%BA%E8%83%BD%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AD%89%E7%9A%84%E8%83%8C%E9%9D%A2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF%E6%99%BA%E8%83%BD%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AD%89%E7%9A%84%E8%83%8C%E9%9D%A2.jpg/143px-%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF%E6%99%BA%E8%83%BD%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AD%89%E7%9A%84%E8%83%8C%E9%9D%A2.jpg" decoding="async" width="143" height="89" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF%E6%99%BA%E8%83%BD%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AD%89%E7%9A%84%E8%83%8C%E9%9D%A2.jpg/215px-%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF%E6%99%BA%E8%83%BD%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AD%89%E7%9A%84%E8%83%8C%E9%9D%A2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF%E6%99%BA%E8%83%BD%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AD%89%E7%9A%84%E8%83%8C%E9%9D%A2.jpg/286px-%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF%E6%99%BA%E8%83%BD%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AD%89%E7%9A%84%E8%83%8C%E9%9D%A2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="499" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:143px;max-width:143px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:89px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:MACAO_ID_BACK_2023.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/MACAO_ID_BACK_2023.jpg/141px-MACAO_ID_BACK_2023.jpg" decoding="async" width="141" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/MACAO_ID_BACK_2023.jpg/212px-MACAO_ID_BACK_2023.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/MACAO_ID_BACK_2023.jpg/282px-MACAO_ID_BACK_2023.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1016" data-file-height="646" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%A4%E5%B2%B8%E5%9B%9B%E5%9C%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="两岸四地">两岸四地</a>的身份证示意图</div></div></div></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r85100532">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-size:small}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:2em;margin-bottom:0.8em;margin-top:0.8em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img::after{content:"\202f \202f \202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small::after{content:"\202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small{display:none}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"><span class="noviewer hatnote-notice-img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%B6%88%E6%AD%A7%E4%B9%89" title="Wikipedia:消歧义"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Confusion_grey.svg/24px-Confusion_grey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Confusion_grey.svg/36px-Confusion_grey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Confusion_grey.svg/48px-Confusion_grey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="260" data-file-height="200" /></a></span><b>提示</b>：此条目页的主题不是<b><a href="/wiki/%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81%E6%98%8E%E6%96%87%E4%BB%B6" title="身份证明文件">身份证明文件</a></b>。</div> <p><b>身份证</b>（英語：<span lang="en">Identity Card</span>）是<a href="/wiki/%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81%E6%98%8E%E6%96%87%E4%BB%B6" title="身份证明文件">身份证明文件</a>当中的一种，一般为长方形卡片，且通常註有持證人的姓名、照片、出生日期、<a href="/wiki/%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81%E5%8F%B7%E7%A0%81" title="身份证号码">個人身分號碼</a>等身分信息。早期的身份证大多为纸质，需要以手工形式<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，使用<a href="/wiki/%E6%89%93%E5%AD%97%E6%9C%BA" title="打字机">打字机</a>甚至手写的方式制作<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，现在则一般为塑料制且内置芯片<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>并非所有国家都实行身份证制度，事实上在不少国家中身份证并非强制性制度，甚至不存在身份证制度<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，这些国家的居民一般会选择使用其他的身份证明文件，如<a href="/wiki/%E9%A7%95%E9%A7%9B%E5%9F%B7%E7%85%A7" title="駕駛執照">驾照</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%A4%E7%85%A7" title="护照">护照</a>、保险卡等。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="歷史"><span id=".E6.AD.B7.E5.8F.B2"></span>歷史</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：歷史"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>中國於<a href="/wiki/%E5%94%90%E6%9C%9D" title="唐朝">唐朝</a>時已出現身分證的雛形，朝廷發給官員「<a href="/wiki/%E9%AD%9A%E8%A2%8B" title="魚袋">魚符</a>」，以木頭或金屬精製而成的。其形狀像魚，分左右兩片，上鑿小孔，以便繫佩，上面刻有官員姓名、任職衙門及官居品級等。 </p><p>給各階層民眾使用的身分證於明朝出現，稱為「<a href="/wiki/%E7%89%99%E7%89%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="牙牌">牙牌</a>」，刻有持牌人的姓名、職務、履歷以及所在的衙門，不但官員會使用，並開始向中下階層發展。某些府邸出入的人不論貴賤都要佩帶<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。传统的纸版配照片式身分证已经很少，现代身分证多是采取高技术的<a href="/wiki/%E6%99%BA%E8%83%BD%E5%8D%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="智能卡">智能卡</a>形式，具备由计算机进行扫描和阅读的能力。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="各地情形"><span id=".E5.90.84.E5.9C.B0.E6.83.85.E5.BD.A2"></span>各地情形</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：各地情形"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%84%E5%9B%BD%E5%9C%8B%E6%B0%91%E8%BA%AB%E5%88%86%E8%AD%89%E6%94%BF%E7%AD%96%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="各国國民身分證政策列表">各国國民身分證政策列表</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="英國"><span id=".E8.8B.B1.E5.9C.8B"></span>英國</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：英國"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E5%9C%8B%E6%B0%91%E8%BA%AB%E5%88%86%E8%AD%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英國國民身分證（页面不存在）">英國國民身分證</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6" title="英联邦">英联邦</a>在<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E6%AC%A1%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E5%A4%A7%E6%88%98" title="第一次世界大战">第一次世界大战</a>期间首次发行了强制的身分证，但在1919年时取消。在<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E6%AC%A1%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E5%A4%A7%E6%88%98" title="第二次世界大战">第二次世界大战</a>时又重新引入身分证，但在战争结束7年后的1952年又废除了，原因是广大公众对<i>Willcock v Muckle</i>案件的愤怒到达了高潮，此案件中Clarence Henry Willcock在违规驾驶时被警察拦下后拒绝出示他的身分证。尽管他输了官司，然而法院一致认同他的观点，即身分证存在是不适当的。 </p><p>尽管如此，还是有些<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E5%8B%99%E5%A4%A7%E8%87%A3_(%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B)" title="國務大臣 (英國)">国务大臣</a>建议重新引入身分证制度，在各式各样的理由下，2003年，那时的国务大臣<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E5%8D%AB%C2%B7%E5%B8%83%E5%85%B0%E5%9F%BA%E7%89%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="大卫·布兰基特">大卫·布兰基特</a>说英国政府打算引进一种基于生物技术的国内身分证计划，同时使用<a href="/wiki/%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E5%BA%93" title="数据库">数据库</a>记录居民的人口，而这将在2013年前强制实行。<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E5%85%A7%E6%94%BF%E9%83%A8" title="英國內政部">英國內政部</a>认为这种身分证可打击国际<a href="/wiki/%E6%81%90%E6%80%96%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="恐怖主义">恐怖分子</a>活动，35%的恐怖分子使用虚假的身分旅行。最近以来，政府也声称这种身分证将帮助阻止非法<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%BB%E6%B0%91" title="移民">移民</a>，“健康旅行”，骗取津贴以及偷窃身分，并且生物护照也将让<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91" class="mw-redirect" title="英国国民">英国国民</a>更易到<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a>旅行。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="美國"><span id=".E7.BE.8E.E5.9C.8B"></span>美國</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：美國"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E8%BA%AB%E5%88%86%E8%AD%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="美國身分證（页面不存在）">美國身分證</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a>目前还没有真正的全国身分证，这是由于全国范围内都没有这样的联邦机构拥有足够司法权可以发布给所有美国公民身分证。所有<a href="/wiki/%E7%AB%8B%E6%B3%95%E6%9C%BA%E6%9E%84" class="mw-redirect" title="立法机构">立法机构</a>都尝试创建一个这样的机构，但是都失败了，主要原因是来自于<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E6%84%8F%E5%BF%97%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="自由意志主义">自由意志主义</a>者和<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%9D%E5%AE%88%E6%B4%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="保守派">保守派</a>政治家的强烈反对，他们把这种全国性的身分证看作是<a href="/wiki/%E6%9E%81%E6%9D%83%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" class="mw-redirect" title="极权主义">极权主义</a>者控制社会的象征，<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E6%B4%BE" class="mw-disambig" title="自由派">自由派</a>人士也反对，原因在於身分证会限制甚至剝奪了<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E6%B0%91%E6%9D%83%E5%88%A9%E5%92%8C%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E6%9D%83%E5%88%A9" title="公民权利和政治权利">公民權利及政治權利</a>，特別是<a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%95%E7%A5%A8%E6%AC%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="投票權">投票權</a>，因为不少的少數族裔公民並無持有身分证。 </p><p>然而，由於各種需要身份認證的需要，現時美國的<a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E6%9C%83%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8%E8%99%9F%E7%A2%BC" title="社會安全號碼">社會安全號碼</a>以及<a href="/wiki/%E9%A7%95%E9%A7%9B%E5%9F%B7%E7%85%A7" title="駕駛執照">駕駛執照</a>的功效已類同於身分證。地方车管所（DMV）也可以为没有驾照的人发State ID来作为证件。而2005年，美国Real ID法案通过后，美国也有关于全国性身份证的争论。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="中華民國（臺灣）"><span id=".E4.B8.AD.E8.8F.AF.E6.B0.91.E5.9C.8B.EF.BC.88.E8.87.BA.E7.81.A3.EF.BC.89"></span>中華民國（臺灣）</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：中華民國（臺灣）"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:ROC_mibunsho.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/ROC_mibunsho.jpg/220px-ROC_mibunsho.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="139" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/ROC_mibunsho.jpg/330px-ROC_mibunsho.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/ROC_mibunsho.jpg/440px-ROC_mibunsho.jpg 2x" data-file-width="451" data-file-height="284" /></a><figcaption>中華民國94年第六代國民身分證正面樣張</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:ROC_mibunsho_ura.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/32/ROC_mibunsho_ura.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="141" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="220" data-file-height="141" /></a><figcaption>中華民國94年第六代國民身分證背面樣張</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B%E5%9C%8B%E6%B0%91%E8%BA%AB%E5%88%86%E8%AD%89" title="中華民國國民身分證">中華民國國民身分證</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B" title="中華民國">中華民國</a>的身分證稱為「<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B%E5%9C%8B%E6%B0%91%E8%BA%AB%E5%88%86%E8%AD%89" title="中華民國國民身分證">中華民國國民身分證</a>」。依中華民國《<a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E6%88%B6%E7%B1%8D%E6%B3%95" class="extiw" title="s:戶籍法">戶籍法</a>》第五十七條規定：「有戶籍國民年滿十四歲者，應申請初領國民身分證，未滿十四歲者，得申請發給。國民身分證、戶口名簿，滅失或遺失者，應申請補領。」 </p><p>第五代身分證是1985年起所換發，但因發行多年，已嚴重被偽造用以犯罪。在2000年初起就開始研議更換新身分證，原先身分證上有象徵<a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%AF%E4%BA%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="華人">華人</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E9%BE%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="龍">龍</a>圖案，由於「龍」宗教上有敏感性，故被一些信奉<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E4%BC%AF%E6%8B%89%E7%BD%95%E8%AB%B8%E6%95%99" title="亞伯拉罕諸教">亞伯拉罕諸教</a>等人士所反對。經過數年設計，正式版本於2004年定稿。原預定於2005年7月起全面換發，但因為<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B%E6%B3%95%E5%BE%8B" title="中華民國法律">中華民國法律</a>《戶籍法》第八條有規定請領及補發身分證需要按捺<a href="/wiki/%E6%8C%87%E7%B4%8B" title="指紋">指紋</a>，被質疑侵犯<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E6%AC%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="人權">人權</a>，因此<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B8%E6%B3%95%E9%99%A2" title="司法院">司法院</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B8%E6%B3%95%E9%99%A2%E5%A4%A7%E6%B3%95%E5%AE%98" title="司法院大法官">大法官</a>採取緊急處分權決定暫緩，並於同年9月的<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%B3%95%E5%AE%98%E6%9C%83%E8%AD%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="大法官會議">大法官會議</a>做成<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B8%E6%B3%95%E9%99%A2%E9%87%8B%E5%AD%97%E7%AC%AC603%E8%99%9F%E8%A7%A3%E9%87%8B" title="司法院釋字第603號解釋">司法院釋字第603號解釋</a>，裁定《戶籍法》中按捺指紋的規定違<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B%E6%86%B2%E6%B3%95" title="中華民國憲法">憲</a>失效。後於同年12月21日起開始換發第六代中華民國身分證，至2006年12月31日換發完畢。此次換發新身分證與以往不同的是，不再以顏色區分性別，但對於照片的規定嚴格許多；也因為有強制露出<a href="/wiki/%E8%80%B3" title="耳">耳朵</a>的規定，被部分耳朵缺損（<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B0%8F%E8%80%B3%E7%97%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="小耳症（页面不存在）">小耳症</a>等）人士所抗議。 </p><p>行政院原定於2020年10月開始換發第七代數位身分證<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，受<a href="/wiki/2019%E5%86%A0%E7%8B%80%E7%97%85%E6%AF%92%E7%97%85%E8%87%BA%E7%81%A3%E7%96%AB%E6%83%85" title="2019冠狀病毒病臺灣疫情">疫情</a>影響而延後。而原定於2021年1至6月澎湖縣、新竹市及新北市進行小規模試行換發作業，7月啟動全面換發作業，惟因社會各界對政府資訊安全及個人資料隱私保護多有疑慮，<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E7%AB%B9%E5%B8%82%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C" title="新竹市政府">新竹市政府</a>亦宣布決定暫緩試辦，因此行政院在2021年1月21日決議暫緩推動，待制定數位身分識別證專法後再行辦理。<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B%E5%9C%8B%E8%BB%8D" title="中華民國國軍">中華民國國軍</a>原本是以「軍人補給證」做為軍用身分證件，1969年改成<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B%E8%BB%8D%E4%BA%BA%E8%BA%AB%E5%88%86%E8%AD%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="中華民國軍人身分證（页面不存在）">中華民國軍人身分證</a>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="馬來西亞"><span id=".E9.A6.AC.E4.BE.86.E8.A5.BF.E4.BA.9E"></span>馬來西亞</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：馬來西亞"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%A9%AC%E5%8D%A1" title="大马卡">大马卡</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="馬來西亞">馬來西亞</a>身份證被稱為“<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%A9%AC%E5%8D%A1" title="大马卡">大馬卡</a>”（馬來西亞人通常稱為“<b>IC</b>”）。《1959年馬來西亞國民註冊法令》（英語：<span lang="en">Laws of Malaysia Act 78 - NATIONAL REGISTRATION ACT, 1959</span>）規定，年滿12歲擁有<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%9B%BD%E7%B1%8D%E6%B3%95" title="马来西亚国籍法">馬來西亞國籍</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%9B%BD%E7%B1%8D%E6%B3%95" title="马来西亚国籍法">馬來西亞公民</a>需在3個月內到國民登記處申請并領取身份證，剛出生的且符合資格註冊公民的嬰兒想成為馬來西亞公民也需要到國民登記處申辦出生證以及兒童大馬卡（兒童身份證）。 </p><p>馬來西亞于2001年發行大馬卡，是全世界第一個使用“多用途智能卡”取代身份證的國家，也是第一個在身份證上使用微芯片技術的國家，馬來西亞于1998年研發該技術，也是全世界第一個研發這項技術的國家，<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C" title="马来西亚政府">馬來西亞政府</a>撥款并透過國內的IRIS Corporation公司研發這項技術。自馬來西亞推出使用此技術技術的身份證后，世界各國也紛紛推出類似的卡取代身份證。 </p><p>馬來西亞身份證為一張使用微芯片技術的多用途智能卡，持有身份證大馬卡（兒童大馬卡以及永久居留證除外）的民眾可使用身份證缴付公共交通费、缴付<a href="/wiki/%E6%94%B6%E8%B2%BB%E9%81%93%E8%B7%AF" title="收費道路">过路费</a>、缴付停车费、进行网络交易、到各大银行提款或<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%98%E6%AC%BE" title="存款">存款</a>、上网更新资料、<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90%E9%8C%A2%E5%8C%85" class="mw-redirect" title="電子錢包">電子錢包</a>、记录健康资料（基本健康資料，例如<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%80%E5%9E%8B" title="血型">血型</a>等，加快医疗方面的诊断程序）、到商店購買并支付商品款项等等。此外大馬卡身份證（永久居留證除外）里包含<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E6%8A%A4%E7%85%A7" title="马来西亚护照">马来西亚护照</a>资料，以方便移民局处理出入国事务。未来马来西亚政府也打算以身份證大馬卡取代<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%BE%E9%A9%B6%E6%89%A7%E7%85%A7" class="mw-redirect" title="驾驶执照">驾驶执照</a>。 </p><p>馬來西亞身份證（大馬卡）上所可以看到的文字資料不多，其原因是因為所有資料已被記載在身份證上的芯片裏面。該芯片在普通商店里所使用的政府授權機器讀取的情況下只能獲取非常基本的資料，其他重要資料則需要政府部門的特別機器才可讀取，保護隱私也提供安全保障，避免資料被盜。 </p> <ul><li>正面：身份證號、芯片位置、姓名、地址、照片、另有防偽照片以及性別。</li> <li>背面：國民登記局局長簽名，持有人的身份證號。</li></ul> <p>大馬卡的類型會因該人的身份而有所不同。 </p> <ul><li>MyKad（大馬卡）：滿12歲的普通馬來西亞公民所使用的身份證。</li> <li>MyKid（兒童大馬卡）：未滿12歲的普通馬來西亞公民所使用的兒童身份證。</li> <li>MyTentera（軍人大馬卡）：現服役于<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9E%E6%AD%A6%E8%A3%9D%E9%83%A8%E9%9A%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="馬來西亞武裝部隊">馬來西亞武裝部隊</a>的軍人所使用的軍人身份證。</li> <li>MyPolis（警察大馬卡）：現在<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E7%9A%87%E5%AE%B6%E8%AD%A6%E5%AF%9F" title="马来西亚皇家警察">馬來西亞皇家警察部隊</a>服務的警察所使用的警察身份證。</li> <li>MyPR（永久居留證）：擁有馬來西亞永久居留權的外國公民所使用的永久居留證，設計與普通身份證差距並不很大，但其颜色为红色。</li></ul> <p>根據<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%9B%BD%E7%B1%8D%E6%B3%95" title="马来西亚国籍法">馬來西亞國籍法</a>（英語：<span lang="en">Malaysian Nationality Law</span>）以及<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%AE%AA%E6%B3%95" class="mw-redirect" title="马来西亚宪法">馬來西亞聯邦憲法</a>（英語：<span lang="en">Federal Constitution of Malaysia</span>）第三章第二節第二十三條第一款以及第三章第二節第二十四條，如一位擁有馬來西亞國籍的馬來西亞公民得到他國的<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E6%B0%91%E6%AC%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="公民權">公民權</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="英國">英國</a>例外），馬來西亞聯邦政府有權利在有通知的情況下立即下令剝奪該人的馬來西亞國籍、馬來西亞公民權，并停止該人的馬來西亞身份證（大馬卡）以及<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9E%E8%AD%B7%E7%85%A7" class="mw-redirect" title="馬來西亞護照">馬來西亞護照</a>。當該人再回國時也將不能以馬來西亞公民之身份入境，但該人可以使用他國護照和他國公民的身份入境馬來西亞。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="中華人民共和國"><span id=".E4.B8.AD.E8.8F.AF.E4.BA.BA.E6.B0.91.E5.85.B1.E5.92.8C.E5.9C.8B"></span>中華人民共和國</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：中華人民共和國"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="中国大陆居民身份证"><span id=".E4.B8.AD.E5.9B.BD.E5.A4.A7.E9.99.86.E5.B1.85.E6.B0.91.E8.BA.AB.E4.BB.BD.E8.AF.81"></span>中国大陆居民身份证</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&action=edit&section=8" title="编辑章节：中国大陆居民身份证"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E5%B1%85%E6%B0%91%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81" title="中华人民共和国居民身份证">中华人民共和国居民身份证</a></div> <p>1984年4月6日，<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E5%A4%A7%E9%99%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="中國大陸">中國大陸</a>开始实行居民身份证制度。<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E5%8A%A1%E9%99%A2" title="中华人民共和国国务院">国务院</a>发布《<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="中华人民共和国">中华人民共和国</a>居民身份证试行条例》。并且开始颁发第一代居民身份证。第一代居民身份证采用印刷和照相翻拍技术塑封而成，比较容易被伪造。 </p><p>2003年6月28日，<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E4%BB%A3%E8%A1%A8%E5%A4%A7%E4%BC%9A" title="全国人民代表大会">全国人大</a>通过了《<a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E5%B1%85%E6%B0%91%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81%E6%B3%95" class="extiw" title="s:中华人民共和国居民身份证法">中华人民共和国居民身份证法</a>》，此中规定居住在<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="中华人民共和国">中华人民共和国</a>境内的年满十六周岁的<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="中国">中国</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E6%B0%91" title="公民">公民</a>，应当申请领取居民身份证；未满十六周岁的中国公民，也可以依照本法的规定申请领取居民身份证。 </p><p>2004年3月29日起中国大陆正式开始为居民换發内藏非接触式IC卡智能芯片的第二代居民身份证，<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E5%85%AC%E5%AE%89%E9%83%A8" title="中华人民共和国公安部">公安部</a>表示，居民身份证更新换代工作将在2008年前全部完成。第二代身分证较第一代身分证做了很多改进。第二代身分证表面采用防伪膜和印刷防伪技术，使用个人彩色照片，而且内置了<a href="/wiki/%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%97" class="mw-redirect" title="数字">数字</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%8A%AF%E7%89%87" class="mw-redirect" title="芯片">芯片</a>，采用了数字<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%B2%E4%BC%AA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="防伪（页面不存在）">防伪</a>措施，存有个人图像和信息，可以用机器读取。还采用了更大字库，目的在于解决人名地名中的<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E5%83%BB%E5%AD%97" title="生僻字">冷僻字</a>问题。《中华人民共和国居民身份证法》第一章总则第五条规定：十六周岁以上公民的居民身份证的有效期为十年、二十年、长期。十六周岁至二十五周岁的，发给有效期十年的居民身份证；二十六周岁至四十五周岁的，发给有效期二十年的居民身份证；四十六周岁以上的，发给长期有效的居民身份证。 </p><p>未满十六周岁的公民，自愿申请领取居民身份证的，发给有效期五年的居民身份证。 </p><p>自2012年1月1日起，公民申请领取、换领、补领居民身份证，应当登记指纹信息。如果已持有未登记指纹的旧证，登记后即换發新证。自2013年1月1日起，第一代身份证失效，居民只能使用第二代身份证。 </p><p>除普通公民外，不具有<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E6%88%B7%E7%B1%8D%E5%88%B6%E5%BA%A6" title="中华人民共和国户籍制度">户籍</a>和居民身份证的现役军人、解放军<a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%BB%E4%BC%91" title="离休">离休</a>干部等人士，则领取相应的身份证件。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="香港身份證"><span id=".E9.A6.99.E6.B8.AF.E8.BA.AB.E4.BB.BD.E8.AD.89"></span>香港身份證</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&action=edit&section=9" title="编辑章节：香港身份證"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AD%89" title="香港身份證">香港身份證</a></div> <p>香港身份證由<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8D%80%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C" title="香港特別行政區政府">香港特別行政區政府</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A5%E5%A2%83%E4%BA%8B%E5%8B%99%E8%99%95" title="入境事務處">入境事務處</a>簽發。香港法例規定凡年滿11歲或在香港逗留多於180天人士，皆需於年滿11歲後或抵港30天內登記領取身分證。年滿11歲的兒童所領取的身分證為<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%92%E7%AB%A5%E8%BA%AB%E5%88%86%E8%AD%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="兒童身分證（页面不存在）">兒童身分證</a>，並必須於年滿十八歲後更換為成人身份證。現在香港使用的身分證屬第七代身分證－智能身分證，取代上一代舊有電腦證，並逐步失效。智能身分證除了可以作一般出入境及身分認證用途外，還可以用作網上電子證書或作為公共圖書館的圖書證。每張香港身分證上，均會在姓名一欄下面，印有<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87%E7%94%B5%E7%A0%81" title="中文电码">中文电码</a>，以方便政府或機構作輸入姓名之用。 </p><p>如果香港永久性居民身份證持有人因需要更換新證或因丟失舊證而要補領，在新證未發出前入境事務處會發出「申請香港永久性居民身份證收據」。此收據具臨時身份證的功能，但不能用作出入境香港之用。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="澳門身份證"><span id=".E6.BE.B3.E9.96.80.E8.BA.AB.E4.BB.BD.E8.AD.89"></span>澳門身份證</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&action=edit&section=10" title="编辑章节：澳門身份證"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E6%BE%B3%E9%96%80%E5%B1%85%E6%B0%91%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AD%89" title="澳門居民身份證">澳門居民身份證</a></div> <p>澳門居民身份證由<a href="/wiki/%E6%BE%B3%E9%96%80%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8D%80%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C" title="澳門特別行政區政府">澳門特別行政區政府</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AD%89%E6%98%8E%E5%B1%80" title="身份證明局">身份證明局</a>簽發，是澳門居民的主要身份證明文件。 </p><p>2010年，根據澳身份證明局向獲難民資格的人士發出難民身份證<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="港澳台居民居住证"><span id=".E6.B8.AF.E6.BE.B3.E5.8F.B0.E5.B1.85.E6.B0.91.E5.B1.85.E4.BD.8F.E8.AF.81"></span>港澳台居民居住证</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&action=edit&section=11" title="编辑章节：港澳台居民居住证"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%AF%E6%BE%B3%E5%8F%B0%E5%B1%85%E6%B0%91%E5%B1%85%E4%BD%8F%E8%AF%81" title="港澳台居民居住证">港澳台居民居住证</a></div> <p>由于中国大陆已普遍使用相应的居民身份证作为通用的身份证明文件，与港澳台居民在中国大陆作为身份证明文件的通行证件（<a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%AF%E6%BE%B3%E5%B1%85%E6%B0%91%E5%BE%80%E6%9D%A5%E5%86%85%E5%9C%B0%E9%80%9A%E8%A1%8C%E8%AF%81" class="mw-redirect" title="港澳居民往来内地通行证">港澳居民往来内地通行证</a>或<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B0%E6%B9%BE%E5%B1%85%E6%B0%91%E5%BE%80%E6%9D%A5%E5%A4%A7%E9%99%86%E9%80%9A%E8%A1%8C%E8%AF%81" class="mw-redirect" title="台湾居民往来大陆通行证">台湾居民往来大陆通行证</a>）格式并不适配，中国公安部于2018年开始签发与居民身份证格式标准相近的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%AF%E6%BE%B3%E5%8F%B0%E5%B1%85%E6%B0%91%E5%B1%85%E4%BD%8F%E8%AF%81" title="港澳台居民居住证">港澳台居民居住证</a>给常住中国大陆的港澳台居民申请，作为对应的在中国大陆使用的身份证明文件。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="其他国家/地区"><span id=".E5.85.B6.E4.BB.96.E5.9B.BD.E5.AE.B6.2F.E5.9C.B0.E5.8C.BA"></span>其他国家/地区</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&action=edit&section=12" title="编辑章节：其他国家/地区"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="強制性身分證實施國及實施地區"><span id=".E5.BC.B7.E5.88.B6.E6.80.A7.E8.BA.AB.E5.88.86.E8.AD.89.E5.AF.A6.E6.96.BD.E5.9C.8B.E5.8F.8A.E5.AF.A6.E6.96.BD.E5.9C.B0.E5.8D.80"></span>強制性身分證實施國及實施地區</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&action=edit&section=13" title="编辑章节：強制性身分證實施國及實施地區"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>强制性身分证可能只是在一定年龄之後开始生效。条款中的「强制」一词在不同的国家可能有不同的意义。通常，如果没有身分证，可能会被颁发一张罰款單，或者有些情况下，没有身分证会被拘留，直到身分被确认。 </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%94%E5%88%A9%E6%99%82" class="mw-redirect" title="比利時">比利時</a>：<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rijksregister.fgov.be/">State Registry</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20141022085921/http://www.rijksregister.fgov.be/">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）（荷兰语，法语或德语，在12歲時首於發行，強制於15歲）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%84%9B%E6%B2%99%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="愛沙尼亞">愛沙尼亞</a>：<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.id.ee">id.ee</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20210509005800/http://www.id.ee/">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）（爱沙尼亚语）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="德國">德國</a>：<span lang="de">Personalausweis</span>（德语）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97" title="以色列">以色列</a>：<span lang="he">Teudat Zehut</span>‎（16岁开始颁发，18岁强制执行）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="韓國">韓國</a>：<span lang="ko">주민등록증/住民登錄證</span>（<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BD%8F%E6%B0%91%E7%99%BB%E9%99%86%E8%AF%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="住民登陆证（页面不存在）">住民登錄證</a>，17岁强制执行）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E8%98%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="波蘭">波蘭</a>：<span lang="pl">Dowód osobisty</span>（18岁）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E" title="羅馬尼亞">羅馬尼亞</a>：<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050106004248/http://evp.mai.gov.ro/index06.htm">Carte de identitate</a>（14岁）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%8A%A0%E5%9D%A1" title="新加坡">新加坡</a>：<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%8A%A0%E5%9D%A1%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81" title="新加坡国民身份证">国民身份证</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20031226213406/http://app.ica.gov.sg/">Immigration & Checkpoints Authority</a>（15岁）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E7%8F%AD%E7%89%99" title="西班牙">西班牙</a>：<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050501103559/http://www.mir.es/policia/cged/dni.htm">Documento Nacional de Identidad</a>（DNI）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF" title="香港">香港</a>：<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF%E6%B0%B8%E4%B9%85%E6%80%A7%E5%B1%85%E6%B0%91%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AD%89" class="mw-redirect" title="香港永久性居民身份證">香港永久性居民身份證</a>（ <span lang="en">Hong Kong Identity Card</span>，11歲強制執行）</li></ul> <p>此外有：<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E7%BE%85%E5%9C%B0%E4%BA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="克羅地亞">克羅地亞</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%8F%8A" title="埃及">埃及</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E8%87%98" class="mw-redirect" title="希臘">希臘</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%A7%E6%A3%AE%E5%A0%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="盧森堡">盧森堡</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%B0%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="泰國">泰國</a>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="非強制性身分證實施國"><span id=".E9.9D.9E.E5.BC.B7.E5.88.B6.E6.80.A7.E8.BA.AB.E5.88.86.E8.AD.89.E5.AF.A6.E6.96.BD.E5.9C.8B"></span>非強制性身分證實施國</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&action=edit&section=14" title="编辑章节：非強制性身分證實施國"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E6%BE%B3%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A" title="澳大利亚">澳大利亚</a>（公民認證）、<a href="/wiki/%E8%8A%AC%E8%98%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="芬蘭">芬蘭</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="法國">法國</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC" title="日本">日本</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%91%9E%E5%85%B8" title="瑞典">瑞典</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E7%91%9E%E5%A3%AB" title="瑞士">瑞士</a>實行非強制性身分證。例如日本可取得<a href="/wiki/%E5%80%8B%E4%BA%BA%E7%B7%A8%E8%99%9F%E5%8D%A1" title="個人編號卡">個人編號卡</a>，自由領取。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%B9%E9%BA%A5" class="mw-redirect" title="丹麥">丹麥</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%8C%AA%E5%A8%81" title="挪威">挪威</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%B0%E5%B3%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="冰島">冰島</a>沒有官方的國家身分證。上述国家雖無公民身分证，但有其他形式的证件佐證就可以，如：護照、<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%BE%E9%A9%B6%E6%89%A7%E7%85%A7" class="mw-redirect" title="驾驶执照">驾驶执照</a>、社會保險帳戶、出生證明等。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="身分證支-{}-持方、反對方爭論"><span id=".E8.BA.AB.E5.88.86.E8.AD.89.E6.94.AF-.7B.7D-.E6.8C.81.E6.96.B9.E3.80.81.E5.8F.8D.E5.B0.8D.E6.96.B9.E7.88.AD.E8.AB.96"></span>身分證支持方、反對方爭論</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&action=edit&section=15" title="编辑章节：身分證支持方、反對方爭論"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="支-{}-持方"><span id=".E6.94.AF-.7B.7D-.E6.8C.81.E6.96.B9"></span>支持方</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&action=edit&section=16" title="编辑章节：支持方"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>支持身分證的人士指出： </p> <ul><li>身分證是一個有用的行政工具來增加政府的行政效率。</li> <li>可以減少罪案，避免隱匿及頂替身分。</li> <li>國民私領域間的身份證利用，能減少核對身份的交易成本，促進社會繁榮。</li> <li>要求國民同時擁有<a href="/wiki/%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AD%89" class="mw-redirect" title="身份證">身份證</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%81%A5%E4%BF%9D%E5%8D%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="健保卡">健保卡</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%A7%95%E7%85%A7" class="mw-redirect" title="駕照">駕照</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%88%B6%E7%B1%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="戶籍">戶籍</a>可以減少被冒名的機率，例如電信公司可以要求申請者提出雙證件證明，這代表當只遺失一份證件，被冒名的風險不高。</li> <li>對於无法自行表明身份的人（如路邊暴斃的死者），透過隨身攜帶的身份證可以確知身分。</li> <li>執法人員可於街上抽查身分證時可得知被抽查者是否患有<a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%A3%E9%9B%A2%E6%80%A7%E8%BA%AB%E5%88%86%E7%96%BE%E6%82%A3" title="解離性身分疾患">解離性身分疾患</a>多重人格分裂，而當時其運作之人格並非其原人格；或可幫助尋回不能說出自己姓名之人士，如<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E8%8C%B2%E6%B5%B7%E9%BB%98%E7%97%87" class="mw-redirect" title="阿茲海默症">老人癡呆症</a>患者。</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="反對方"><span id=".E5.8F.8D.E5.B0.8D.E6.96.B9"></span>反對方</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&action=edit&section=17" title="编辑章节：反對方"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>反對身分證的人認為： </p> <ul><li>身分證可讓政府以一紙證件讓人民沒有<a href="/wiki/%E9%9A%B1%E7%A7%81%E6%AC%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="隱私權">隱私權</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E6%A0%BC%E6%AC%8A" title="人格權">人格權</a>。</li> <li>政府对于身分证的使用方式能够使得政府对于公民的监视变得更为简易，比如在何种状况之下实行身分证制度，身分证相关的信息是否/如何存储于<a href="/wiki/%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E5%BA%93" title="数据库">数据库</a>中等等。</li> <li>在倚賴身分證的國家，人民通常必須以身份證作為人格表彰，不出示身分證將完全被拒絕於各種社會制度外，喪失人格主體性。</li> <li>身份證的許多方便性是建立在「多數國民都經常隨身攜帶身份證」的條件上，但如果強制攜帶身份證，會造成國民痛苦與麻煩（例如身份證遺失率大增）。</li> <li>遺失與冒用身分證不可避免。</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參考文献"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8C.AE"></span>參考文献</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&action=edit&section=18" title="编辑章节：參考文献"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">sina_mobile. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tech.sina.cn/it/2009-09-21/detail-iawzuney2278802.d.html?from=wap">身份证：你是谁不再是谜</a>. tech.sina.cn. 2009-09-21 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2024-09-15</span>]</span>.</cite><span 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title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&rft.atitle=%E4%BB%8E%E6%89%8B%E5%86%99%E2%80%9C%E5%8F%A3%E5%8D%A1%E2%80%9D%E5%88%B0%E6%9C%BA%E5%88%B6%E4%BA%8C%E4%BB%A3%E8%AF%81+%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81%E8%A7%81%E8%AF%81%E6%97%B6%E4%BB%A3%E5%8F%98%E8%BF%81&rft.au=%E7%BD%97%E8%90%8C&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=news.cctv.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.cctv.com%2F2019%2F10%2F05%2FARTIrXIAyazWka0JH9z2gV4x191005.shtml&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hunan.voc.com.cn/article/201807/201807060923265893.html">身份证发展史：当年的手写卡片变为如今的带“芯”证件 - 湖南印象 - 湖南在线 - 华声在线</a>. hunan.voc.com.cn. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span 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href="http://paper.people.com.cn/rmrbhwb/html/2015-01/21/content_1523557.htm">人民日报海外版-人民网</a>. paper.people.com.cn. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2024-09-15</span>]</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&rft.atitle=%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E6%97%A5%E6%8A%A5%E6%B5%B7%E5%A4%96%E7%89%88-%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E7%BD%91&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=paper.people.com.cn&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpaper.people.com.cn%2Frmrbhwb%2Fhtml%2F2015-01%2F21%2Fcontent_1523557.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sohu.com/a/523461246_778223">那些不使用身份证制度的国家，靠什么来证明身份？_公民_英国_加拿大</a>. www.sohu.com. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2024-09-15</span>]</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&rft.atitle=%E9%82%A3%E4%BA%9B%E4%B8%8D%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81%E5%88%B6%E5%BA%A6%E7%9A%84%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%EF%BC%8C%E9%9D%A0%E4%BB%80%E4%B9%88%E6%9D%A5%E8%AF%81%E6%98%8E%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%EF%BC%9F_%E5%85%AC%E6%B0%91_%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD_%E5%8A%A0%E6%8B%BF%E5%A4%A7&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.sohu.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sohu.com%2Fa%2F523461246_778223&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%B8%E5%AE%B9" title="陸容">陸容</a>《<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8F%BD%E5%9C%92%E9%9B%9C%E8%A8%98&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="菽園雜記（页面不存在）">菽園雜記</a>》：「凡在內府出入者，無論貴賤皆懸牌，以避嫌疑。」</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cna.com.tw/news/firstnews/201903150331.aspx">數位身分證2020年10月換發擬導入駕照健保卡</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20210401180452/https://www.cna.com.tw/news/firstnews/201903150331.aspx">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>），中央社 2019年03月16日</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210401180457/https://www.cna.com.tw/news/firstnews/202101215004.aspx">行政院拍板暫停數位身分證換發訂定專法後再推</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2021-01-31</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cna.com.tw/news/firstnews/202101215004.aspx">原始内容</a>存档于2021-04-01）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&rft.btitle=%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E9%99%A2%E6%8B%8D%E6%9D%BF%E6%9A%AB%E5%81%9C%E6%95%B8%E4%BD%8D%E8%BA%AB%E5%88%86%E8%AD%89%E6%8F%9B%E7%99%BC+%E8%A8%82%E5%AE%9A%E5%B0%88%E6%B3%95%E5%BE%8C%E5%86%8D%E6%8E%A8&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cna.com.tw%2Fnews%2Ffirstnews%2F202101215004.aspx&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.gov.mo/zh-hant/news/86944/">https://www.gov.mo/zh-hant/news/86944/</a></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="外部連結"><span id=".E5.A4.96.E9.83.A8.E9.80.A3.E7.B5.90"></span>外部連結</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&action=edit&section=19" title="编辑章节：外部連結"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ris.gov.tw/">中華民國內政部戶政司</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150201201655/http://www.ris.gov.tw/">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nciic.com.cn">中華人民共和國全國公民身分證號碼查詢服務中心</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20201206190728/http://www.nciic.com.cn/">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.immd.gov.hk/eng/services/hkid.html">香港智能身分證官方網站</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20210401180544/http://www.immd.gov.hk/eng/services/hkid.html">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050710073942/http://www.privacy.org/pi/activities/idcard/idcard_faq.html">Privacy International identity card FAQ</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2001/09/25/nid25.xml">Telegraph story: the case for and against identity cards</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20080421160731/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=%2Fnews%2F2001%2F09%2F25%2Fnid25.xml">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.trevor-mendham.com/civil-liberties/identity-cards/index.html">UK ID Cards - the case against</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20210401180602/http://www.trevor-mendham.com/civil-liberties/identity-cards/index.html">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.no2id.net">The no2id Coalition</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20080728171218/http://www.no2id.net/">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）, who are forming to oppose the British 2003 proposals</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070928040055/http://www.identitycards.gov.uk/">The British government's ID cards website</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://releases.usnewswire.com/GetRelease.asp?id=39202">Government Should Not Rush to Massive ID Surveillance System</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20061011142121/http://releases.usnewswire.com/GetRelease.asp?id=39202">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://groups-beta.google.com/group/uk.politics.id-cards">uk.politics.id-cards usenet group</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline 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.navbox-title{background-color:#ccf;position:relative}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em;width:auto;padding-left:0.2em;position:absolute;left:1em}.mw-parser-output .navbox .mw-collapsible-toggle{margin-left:0.5em;position:absolute;right:1em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="身分證" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84244141">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:110%;margin:0 8em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:110%;margin:0 5em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81" title="Template:身份证"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:身份证（页面不存在）"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:身份证"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="身分證" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">身分證</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">非洲</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="埃及公民身份证" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Egyptian identity card"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%83%E5%8F%8A%E5%85%AC%E6%B0%91%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="埃及公民身份证（页面不存在）">埃及</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egyptian_identity_card" class="extiw" title="en:Egyptian identity card"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Egyptian identity card</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><b><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="加纳卡" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Ghana Card"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%A0%E7%BA%B3%E5%8D%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="加纳卡（页面不存在）">加纳</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ghana_Card" class="extiw" title="en:Ghana Card"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Ghana Card</span></a></span>）</span></span></b></li> <li><b><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="身份证 (莫三比克)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Bilhete de identidade (Mozambique)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81_(%E8%8E%AB%E4%B8%89%E6%AF%94%E5%85%8B)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="身份证 (莫三比克)（页面不存在）">莫三比克</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bilhete_de_identidade_(Mozambique)" class="extiw" title="en:Bilhete de identidade (Mozambique)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Bilhete de identidade (Mozambique)</span></a></span>）</span></span></b></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="南非公民身份证" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="South African identity card"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%97%E9%9D%9E%E5%85%AC%E6%B0%91%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="南非公民身份证（页面不存在）">南非</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_African_identity_card" class="extiw" title="en:South African identity card"><span lang="en" dir="auto">South African identity card</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">亚洲</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="阿富汗公民身份证" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Afghanistani identity card"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E5%AF%8C%E6%B1%97%E5%85%AC%E6%B0%91%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿富汗公民身份证（页面不存在）">阿富汗</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistani_identity_card" class="extiw" title="en:Afghanistani identity card"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Afghanistani identity card</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="亚美尼亚公民身份证" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Armenia identity card"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%9A%E7%BE%8E%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A%E5%85%AC%E6%B0%91%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="亚美尼亚公民身份证（页面不存在）">亚美尼亚</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armenia_identity_card" class="extiw" title="en:Armenia identity card"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Armenia identity card</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="亚塞拜然公民身份证" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Azerbaijan identity card"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%9A%E5%A1%9E%E6%8B%9C%E7%84%B6%E5%85%AC%E6%B0%91%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="亚塞拜然公民身份证（页面不存在）">亚塞拜然</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azerbaijan_identity_card" class="extiw" title="en:Azerbaijan identity card"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Azerbaijan identity card</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><b><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="孟加拉国民身份证" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Bangladeshi national identity card"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AD%9F%E5%8A%A0%E6%8B%89%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="孟加拉国民身份证（页面不存在）">孟加拉</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladeshi_national_identity_card" class="extiw" title="en:Bangladeshi national identity card"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Bangladeshi national identity card</span></a></span>）</span></span></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E5%B1%85%E6%B0%91%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81" title="中华人民共和国居民身份证">中华人民共和国</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AD%89" title="香港身份證">香港特别行政区</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/%E6%BE%B3%E9%96%80%E5%B1%85%E6%B0%91%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AD%89" title="澳門居民身份證">澳门特别行政区</a></b></li></ul></li> <li><b><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="赛普勒斯公民身分证" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Cypriot identity card"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B5%9B%E6%99%AE%E5%8B%92%E6%96%AF%E5%85%AC%E6%B0%91%E8%BA%AB%E5%88%86%E8%AF%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="赛普勒斯公民身分证（页面不存在）">赛普勒斯</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cypriot_identity_card" class="extiw" title="en:Cypriot identity card"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Cypriot identity card</span></a></span>）</span></span></b></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="乔治亚公民身份证" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Georgian identity card"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B9%94%E6%B2%BB%E4%BA%9A%E5%85%AC%E6%B0%91%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="乔治亚公民身份证（页面不存在）">乔治亚</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georgian_identity_card" class="extiw" title="en:Georgian identity card"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Georgian identity card</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><b><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Aadhaar" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Aadhaar"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aadhaar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aadhaar（页面不存在）">印度</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aadhaar" class="extiw" title="en:Aadhaar"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Aadhaar</span></a></span>）</span></span></b></li> <li><b><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="印度尼西亚公民身份证" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Indonesian identity card"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E5%B0%BC%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%85%AC%E6%B0%91%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="印度尼西亚公民身份证（页面不存在）">印度尼西亚</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indonesian_identity_card" class="extiw" title="en:Indonesian identity card"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Indonesian identity card</span></a></span>）</span></span></b></li> <li><b><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="伊朗国民身份证" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Iranian national identity card"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E6%9C%97%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伊朗国民身份证（页面不存在）">伊朗</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iranian_national_identity_card" class="extiw" title="en:Iranian national identity card"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Iranian national identity card</span></a></span>）</span></span></b></li> <li><b><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="伊拉克国民卡" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Iraq National Card"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E6%8B%89%E5%85%8B%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91%E5%8D%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伊拉克国民卡（页面不存在）">伊拉克</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iraq_National_Card" class="extiw" title="en:Iraq National Card"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Iraq National Card</span></a></span>）</span></span></b></li> <li><b><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="以色列公民身份证" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Israeli identity card"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E5%85%AC%E6%B0%91%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="以色列公民身份证（页面不存在）">以色列</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Israeli_identity_card" class="extiw" title="en:Israeli identity card"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Israeli identity card</span></a></span>）</span></span></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%80%8B%E4%BA%BA%E7%B7%A8%E8%99%9F%E5%8D%A1" title="個人編號卡">日本</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="哈萨克公民身份证" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Kazakhstani identity card"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%93%88%E8%90%A8%E5%85%8B%E5%85%AC%E6%B0%91%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="哈萨克公民身份证（页面不存在）">哈萨克</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakhstani_identity_card" class="extiw" title="en:Kazakhstani identity card"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Kazakhstani identity card</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><b><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="科威特公民身份证" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Kuwaiti identity card"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A7%91%E5%A8%81%E7%89%B9%E5%85%AC%E6%B0%91%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="科威特公民身份证（页面不存在）">科威特</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuwaiti_identity_card" class="extiw" title="en:Kuwaiti identity card"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Kuwaiti identity card</span></a></span>）</span></span></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%8F%E6%B0%91%E7%99%BB%E9%8C%84%E8%AD%89" title="住民登錄證">韩国</a></b></li> <li><b><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="黎巴嫩公民身分证" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Lebanese identity card"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%BB%8E%E5%B7%B4%E5%AB%A9%E5%85%AC%E6%B0%91%E8%BA%AB%E5%88%86%E8%AF%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="黎巴嫩公民身分证（页面不存在）">黎巴嫩</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lebanese_identity_card" class="extiw" title="en:Lebanese identity card"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Lebanese identity card</span></a></span>）</span></span></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%A9%AC%E5%8D%A1" title="大马卡">马来西亚</a></b></li> <li><b><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="电脑化国民身份证" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Computerised National Identity Card"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%B5%E8%84%91%E5%8C%96%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="电脑化国民身份证（页面不存在）">巴基斯坦</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computerised_National_Identity_Card" class="extiw" title="en:Computerised National Identity Card"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Computerised National Identity Card</span></a></span>）</span></span></b></li> <li><b><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="菲律宾公民身份证" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Philippine identity card"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8F%B2%E5%BE%8B%E5%AE%BE%E5%85%AC%E6%B0%91%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="菲律宾公民身份证（页面不存在）">菲律宾</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_identity_card" class="extiw" title="en:Philippine identity card"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Philippine identity card</span></a></span>）</span></span></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E7%BE%85%E6%96%AF%E5%85%A7%E9%83%A8%E8%AD%B7%E7%85%A7" title="俄羅斯內部護照">俄罗斯</a></li> <li><b><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="沙乌地阿拉伯国民身份证" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Saudi Arabian National ID Card"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B2%99%E4%B9%8C%E5%9C%B0%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%AF%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="沙乌地阿拉伯国民身份证（页面不存在）">沙乌地阿拉伯</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Arabian_National_ID_Card" class="extiw" title="en:Saudi Arabian National ID Card"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Saudi Arabian National ID Card</span></a></span>）</span></span></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%8A%A0%E5%9D%A1%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81" title="新加坡国民身份证">新加坡</a></b></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="阿拉伯联合大公国公民身份证" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Emirates identity card"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%AF%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E5%A4%A7%E5%85%AC%E5%9B%BD%E5%85%AC%E6%B0%91%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿拉伯联合大公国公民身份证（页面不存在）">阿拉伯联合大公国</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emirates_identity_card" class="extiw" title="en:Emirates identity card"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Emirates identity card</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><b><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="斯里兰卡国民身份证" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="National identity card (Sri Lanka)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%96%AF%E9%87%8C%E5%85%B0%E5%8D%A1%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="斯里兰卡国民身份证（页面不存在）">斯里兰卡</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_identity_card_(Sri_Lanka)" class="extiw" title="en:National identity card (Sri Lanka)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">National identity card (Sri Lanka)</span></a></span>）</span></span></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B%E5%9C%8B%E6%B0%91%E8%BA%AB%E5%88%86%E8%AD%89" title="中華民國國民身分證">中华民国</a></li> <li><b><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="泰国国民身份证" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Thai national ID card"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B3%B0%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="泰国国民身份证（页面不存在）">泰国</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thai_national_ID_card" class="extiw" title="en:Thai national ID card"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Thai national ID card</span></a></span>）</span></span></b></li> <li><b><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="公民身份（越南）" data-lang-code="vi" data-lang-name="越南语" data-foreign-title="Căn_cước_công_dân_(Việt_Nam)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%AC%E6%B0%91%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%EF%BC%88%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97%EF%BC%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="公民身份（越南）（页面不存在）">越南</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">越南语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C4%83n_c%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc_c%C3%B4ng_d%C3%A2n_(Vi%E1%BB%87t_Nam)" class="extiw" title="vi:Căn cước công dân (Việt Nam)"><span lang="vi" dir="auto">Căn_cước_công_dân_(Việt_Nam)</span></a></span>）</span></span></b></li> <li><b><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="土耳其公民身份证" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Republic of Turkey Identity Card"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9C%9F%E8%80%B3%E5%85%B6%E5%85%AC%E6%B0%91%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="土耳其公民身份证（页面不存在）">土耳其</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republic_of_Turkey_Identity_Card" class="extiw" title="en:Republic of Turkey Identity Card"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Republic of Turkey Identity Card</span></a></span>）</span></span></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">欧洲</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A7%E6%B4%B2%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%8C%BA%E4%B8%8E%E7%91%9E%E5%A3%AB%E7%9A%84%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81" title="欧洲经济区与瑞士的身份证">欧洲经济区</a>与<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B3%E6%A0%B9%E5%8C%BA" title="申根区">申根区</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="奥地利公民身份证" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Austrian identity card"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A5%A5%E5%9C%B0%E5%88%A9%E5%85%AC%E6%B0%91%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="奥地利公民身份证（页面不存在）">奥地利</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Austrian_identity_card" class="extiw" title="en:Austrian identity card"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Austrian identity card</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><b><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="比利时国民身份证" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Belgian national identity card"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%AF%94%E5%88%A9%E6%97%B6%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="比利时国民身份证（页面不存在）">比利时</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgian_national_identity_card" class="extiw" title="en:Belgian national identity card"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Belgian national identity card</span></a></span>）</span></span></b></li> <li><b><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="保加利亚公民身份证" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Bulgarian identity card"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BF%9D%E5%8A%A0%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A%E5%85%AC%E6%B0%91%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="保加利亚公民身份证（页面不存在）">保加利亚</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgarian_identity_card" class="extiw" title="en:Bulgarian identity card"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Bulgarian identity card</span></a></span>）</span></span></b></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="克罗埃西亚公民身份证" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Croatian identity card"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%8B%E7%BD%97%E5%9F%83%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%85%AC%E6%B0%91%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="克罗埃西亚公民身份证（页面不存在）">克罗埃西亚</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Croatian_identity_card" class="extiw" title="en:Croatian identity card"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Croatian identity card</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><b><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="赛普勒斯公民身份证" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Cypriot identity card"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B5%9B%E6%99%AE%E5%8B%92%E6%96%AF%E5%85%AC%E6%B0%91%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="赛普勒斯公民身份证（页面不存在）">赛普勒斯</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cypriot_identity_card" class="extiw" title="en:Cypriot identity card"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Cypriot identity card</span></a></span>）</span></span></b></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="捷克国民身份证" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Czech national identity card"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%8D%B7%E5%85%8B%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="捷克国民身份证（页面不存在）">捷克</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Czech_national_identity_card" class="extiw" title="en:Czech national identity card"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Czech national identity card</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="爱沙尼亚ID卡" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Estonian ID card"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%88%B1%E6%B2%99%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9AID%E5%8D%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="爱沙尼亚ID卡（页面不存在）">爱沙尼亚</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estonian_ID_card" class="extiw" title="en:Estonian ID card"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Estonian ID card</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="芬兰公民身份证" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Finnish identity card"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8A%AC%E5%85%B0%E5%85%AC%E6%B0%91%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="芬兰公民身份证（页面不存在）">芬兰</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finnish_identity_card" class="extiw" title="en:Finnish identity card"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Finnish identity card</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="法国国民身分证" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="National identity card (France)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B3%95%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91%E8%BA%AB%E5%88%86%E8%AF%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="法国国民身分证（页面不存在）">法国</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_identity_card_(France)" class="extiw" title="en:National identity card (France)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">National identity card (France)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E5%9C%8B%E8%BA%AB%E5%88%86%E8%AD%89" title="德國身分證">德国</a></b></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="直布罗陀身份证" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Gibraltar identity card"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9B%B4%E5%B8%83%E7%BD%97%E9%99%80%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="直布罗陀身份证（页面不存在）">直布罗陀</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gibraltar_identity_card" class="extiw" title="en:Gibraltar identity card"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Gibraltar identity card</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="希腊身份证" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Greek identity card"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%8C%E8%85%8A%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="希腊身份证（页面不存在）">希腊</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_identity_card" class="extiw" title="en:Greek identity card"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Greek identity card</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><b><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="匈牙利身份证" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Hungarian identity card"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%88%E7%89%99%E5%88%A9%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="匈牙利身份证（页面不存在）">匈牙利</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hungarian_identity_card" class="extiw" title="en:Hungarian identity card"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Hungarian identity card</span></a></span>）</span></span></b></li> <li><b><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="爱尔兰护照卡" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Irish passport#Passport Card"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%88%B1%E5%B0%94%E5%85%B0%E6%8A%A4%E7%85%A7%E5%8D%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="爱尔兰护照卡（页面不存在）">爱尔兰</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irish_passport#Passport_Card" class="extiw" title="en:Irish passport"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Irish passport#Passport Card</span></a></span>）</span></span></b></li> <li><b><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="意大利电子身份证" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Italian electronic identity card"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%84%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="意大利电子身份证（页面不存在）">意大利</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italian_electronic_identity_card" class="extiw" title="en:Italian electronic identity card"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Italian electronic identity card</span></a></span>）</span></span></b></li> <li><b><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="拉脱维亚身份证" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Latvian identity card"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%8B%89%E8%84%B1%E7%BB%B4%E4%BA%9A%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="拉脱维亚身份证（页面不存在）">拉脱维亚</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latvian_identity_card" class="extiw" title="en:Latvian identity card"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Latvian identity card</span></a></span>）</span></span></b></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="列支敦士登身份证" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Liechtenstein identity card"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%88%97%E6%94%AF%E6%95%A6%E5%A3%AB%E7%99%BB%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="列支敦士登身份证（页面不存在）">列支敦士登</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liechtenstein_identity_card" class="extiw" title="en:Liechtenstein identity card"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Liechtenstein identity card</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><b><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="立陶宛身份证" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Lithuanian identity card"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%AB%8B%E9%99%B6%E5%AE%9B%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="立陶宛身份证（页面不存在）">立陶宛</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithuanian_identity_card" class="extiw" title="en:Lithuanian identity card"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Lithuanian identity card</span></a></span>）</span></span></b></li> <li><b><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="卢森堡身份证" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Luxembourgish identity card"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%A2%E6%A3%AE%E5%A0%A1%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="卢森堡身份证（页面不存在）">卢森堡</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luxembourgish_identity_card" class="extiw" title="en:Luxembourgish identity card"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Luxembourgish identity card</span></a></span>）</span></span></b></li> <li><b><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="马耳他身份证" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Maltese identity card"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E8%80%B3%E4%BB%96%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="马耳他身份证（页面不存在）">马耳他</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maltese_identity_card" class="extiw" title="en:Maltese identity card"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Maltese identity card</span></a></span>）</span></span></b></li> <li><b><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="荷兰身份证" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Dutch identity card"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8D%B7%E5%85%B0%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="荷兰身份证（页面不存在）">荷兰</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dutch_identity_card" class="extiw" title="en:Dutch identity card"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Dutch identity card</span></a></span>）</span></span></b> (<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="荷兰加勒比区身份证" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="identity card BES"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8D%B7%E5%85%B0%E5%8A%A0%E5%8B%92%E6%AF%94%E5%8C%BA%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="荷兰加勒比区身份证（页面不存在）">荷兰加勒比区</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/identity_card_BES" class="extiw" title="en:identity card BES"><span lang="en" dir="auto">identity card BES</span></a></span>）</span></span>)</li> <li><b><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="波兰身份证" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Polish identity card"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B3%A2%E5%85%B0%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="波兰身份证（页面不存在）">波兰</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polish_identity_card" class="extiw" title="en:Polish identity card"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Polish identity card</span></a></span>）</span></span></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/%E8%91%A1%E8%90%84%E7%89%99%E5%85%AC%E6%B0%91%E8%AD%89" title="葡萄牙公民證">葡萄牙</a></b></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="罗马尼亚身份证" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Romanian identity card"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BD%97%E9%A9%AC%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="罗马尼亚身份证（页面不存在）">罗马尼亚</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanian_identity_card" class="extiw" title="en:Romanian identity card"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Romanian identity card</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="斯洛伐克身份证" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Slovak identity card"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%96%AF%E6%B4%9B%E4%BC%90%E5%85%8B%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="斯洛伐克身份证（页面不存在）">斯洛伐克</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slovak_identity_card" class="extiw" title="en:Slovak identity card"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Slovak identity card</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="斯洛文尼亚身份证" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Slovenian identity card"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%96%AF%E6%B4%9B%E6%96%87%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="斯洛文尼亚身份证（页面不存在）">斯洛文尼亚</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slovenian_identity_card" class="extiw" title="en:Slovenian identity card"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Slovenian identity card</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><b><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="西班牙身份证" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Documento Nacional de Identidad (Spain)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A5%BF%E7%8F%AD%E7%89%99%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="西班牙身份证（页面不存在）">西班牙</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Documento_Nacional_de_Identidad_(Spain)" class="extiw" title="en:Documento Nacional de Identidad (Spain)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Documento Nacional de Identidad (Spain)</span></a></span>）</span></span></b></li> <li><b><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="瑞典身份证" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="National identity card (Sweden)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%91%9E%E5%85%B8%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="瑞典身份证（页面不存在）">瑞典</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_identity_card_(Sweden)" class="extiw" title="en:National identity card (Sweden)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">National identity card (Sweden)</span></a></span>）</span></span></b></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="瑞士公民身份证" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Swiss identity card"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%91%9E%E5%A3%AB%E5%85%AC%E6%B0%91%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="瑞士公民身份证（页面不存在）">瑞士</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swiss_identity_card" class="extiw" title="en:Swiss identity card"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Swiss identity card</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">欧洲其他地区</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="阿尔巴尼亚身份证" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Albanian Identity Card"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E5%B0%94%E5%B7%B4%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿尔巴尼亚身份证（页面不存在）">阿尔巴尼亚</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albanian_Identity_Card" class="extiw" title="en:Albanian Identity Card"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Albanian Identity Card</span></a></span>）</span></span></b></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="亚美尼亚公民身份证" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Armenia identity card"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%9A%E7%BE%8E%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A%E5%85%AC%E6%B0%91%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="亚美尼亚公民身份证（页面不存在）">亚美尼亚</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armenia_identity_card" class="extiw" title="en:Armenia identity card"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Armenia identity card</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="亚塞拜然公民身份证" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Azerbaijan identity card"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%9A%E5%A1%9E%E6%8B%9C%E7%84%B6%E5%85%AC%E6%B0%91%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="亚塞拜然公民身份证（页面不存在）">亚塞拜然</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azerbaijan_identity_card" class="extiw" title="en:Azerbaijan identity card"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Azerbaijan identity card</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><b><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那身份证" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Bosnia and Herzegovina identity card"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B3%A2%E6%96%AF%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A%E5%92%8C%E9%BB%91%E5%A1%9E%E5%93%A5%E7%BB%B4%E9%82%A3%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那身份证（页面不存在）">波黑</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina_identity_card" class="extiw" title="en:Bosnia and Herzegovina identity card"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Bosnia and Herzegovina identity card</span></a></span>）</span></span></b></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="乔治亚公民身份证" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Georgian identity card"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B9%94%E6%B2%BB%E4%BA%9A%E5%85%AC%E6%B0%91%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="乔治亚公民身份证（页面不存在）">乔治亚</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georgian_identity_card" class="extiw" title="en:Georgian identity card"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Georgian identity card</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="哈萨克公民身份证" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Kazakhstani identity card"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%93%88%E8%90%A8%E5%85%8B%E5%85%AC%E6%B0%91%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="哈萨克公民身份证（页面不存在）">哈萨克</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakhstani_identity_card" class="extiw" title="en:Kazakhstani identity card"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Kazakhstani identity card</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="科索沃身份证" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Kosovo identity card"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A7%91%E7%B4%A2%E6%B2%83%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="科索沃身份证（页面不存在）">科索沃</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kosovo_identity_card" class="extiw" title="en:Kosovo identity card"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Kosovo identity card</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><b><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="马其顿身份证" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Macedonian identity card"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%B6%E9%A1%BF%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="马其顿身份证（页面不存在）">马其顿</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macedonian_identity_card" class="extiw" title="en:Macedonian identity card"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Macedonian identity card</span></a></span>）</span></span></b></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="摩尔多瓦身份证" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Moldovan Identity Card"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%91%A9%E5%B0%94%E5%A4%9A%E7%93%A6%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="摩尔多瓦身份证（页面不存在）">摩尔多瓦</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moldovan_Identity_Card" class="extiw" title="en:Moldovan Identity Card"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Moldovan Identity Card</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><b><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="摩纳哥身份证" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Monégasque identity card"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%91%A9%E7%BA%B3%E5%93%A5%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="摩纳哥身份证（页面不存在）">摩纳哥</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mon%C3%A9gasque_identity_card" class="extiw" title="en:Monégasque identity card"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Monégasque identity card</span></a></span>）</span></span></b></li> <li><b><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="黑山身份证" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Montenegrin identity card"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%BB%91%E5%B1%B1%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="黑山身份证（页面不存在）">黑山</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montenegrin_identity_card" class="extiw" title="en:Montenegrin identity card"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Montenegrin identity card</span></a></span>）</span></span></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E7%BE%85%E6%96%AF%E5%85%A7%E9%83%A8%E8%AD%B7%E7%85%A7" title="俄羅斯內部護照">俄罗斯</a></li> <li><b><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="塞尔维亚国民身份证" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Serbian identity card"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A1%9E%E5%B0%94%E7%BB%B4%E4%BA%9A%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="塞尔维亚国民身份证（页面不存在）">塞尔维亚</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serbian_identity_card" class="extiw" title="en:Serbian identity card"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Serbian identity card</span></a></span>）</span></span></b></li> <li><b><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="土耳其共和国身份证" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Republic of Turkey Identity Card"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9C%9F%E8%80%B3%E5%85%B6%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="土耳其共和国身份证（页面不存在）">土耳其</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republic_of_Turkey_Identity_Card" class="extiw" title="en:Republic of Turkey Identity Card"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Republic of Turkey Identity Card</span></a></span>）</span></span></b></li> <li><b><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="乌克兰身份证" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Ukrainian identity card"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B9%8C%E5%85%8B%E5%85%B0%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="乌克兰身份证（页面不存在）">乌克兰</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrainian_identity_card" class="extiw" title="en:Ukrainian identity card"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Ukrainian identity card</span></a></span>）</span></span></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">北美洲</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="哥斯达黎加身份证" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Cédula de identidad (Costa Rica)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%93%A5%E6%96%AF%E8%BE%BE%E9%BB%8E%E5%8A%A0%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="哥斯达黎加身份证（页面不存在）">哥斯达黎加</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%A9dula_de_identidad_(Costa_Rica)" class="extiw" title="en:Cédula de identidad (Costa Rica)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Cédula de identidad (Costa Rica)</span></a></span>）</span></span></b></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="多米尼加共和国身份证" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Cédula de Identidad y Electoral"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%9A%E7%B1%B3%E5%B0%BC%E5%8A%A0%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="多米尼加共和国身份证（页面不存在）">多米尼加</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%A9dula_de_Identidad_y_Electoral" class="extiw" title="en:Cédula de Identidad y Electoral"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Cédula de Identidad y Electoral</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E6%8A%A4%E7%85%A7%E5%8D%A1" title="美国护照卡">美国</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">南美洲</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="国民身份文件" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Documento Nacional de Identidad (Argentina)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E6%96%87%E4%BB%B6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="国民身份文件（页面不存在）">阿根廷</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Documento_Nacional_de_Identidad_(Argentina)" class="extiw" title="en:Documento Nacional de Identidad (Argentina)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Documento Nacional de Identidad (Argentina)</span></a></span>）</span></span></b></li> <li><b><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="巴西公民身份证" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Brazilian identity card"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B7%B4%E8%A5%BF%E5%85%AC%E6%B0%91%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="巴西公民身份证（页面不存在）">巴西</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brazilian_identity_card" class="extiw" title="en:Brazilian identity card"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Brazilian identity card</span></a></span>）</span></span></b></li> <li><b><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="智利公民身份证" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Chilean identity card"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%99%BA%E5%88%A9%E5%85%AC%E6%B0%91%E8%BA%AB%E4%BB%BD%E8%AF%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="智利公民身份证（页面不存在）">智利</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chilean_identity_card" class="extiw" title="en:Chilean identity card"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Chilean identity card</span></a></span>）</span></span></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-size: smaller"><div>生物晶片证件（<span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:EPassport_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/EPassport_logo.svg/20px-EPassport_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/EPassport_logo.svg/30px-EPassport_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/EPassport_logo.svg/40px-EPassport_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="117" data-file-height="72" /></a></span>）以<b>粗体</b>显示。</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: 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