NIST Chemistry WebBook

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title="Link to NIST home page">National Institute of Standards and Technology</a> </span> <h1><span class="no-handheld">NIST</span> Chemistry WebBook<span class="no-handheld">, SRD 69</span></h1> </div> <div class="no-print" role="navigation" aria-label="Main menu"> <ul class="webbook_nav"> <li> <a href="./" title="Main page of this site"> <span class="sr-only">Home</span> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" class="webbook_icon_big" role="img" aria-hidden="true"> <use xlink:href="/web/20231206075857im_/https://webbook.nist.gov/chemistry/img/icons.svg#home-icon"></use> </svg></a> </li> <li> <a class="menu_below" href="#">Search</a> <ul> <li> <a href="./name-ser/" title="Search for species by chemical name"> Name</a> </li> <li> <a href="./form-ser/" title="Search for species by chemical formula"> Formula</a> </li> <li> <a href="./inchi-ser/" title="Search for species by InChI or InChIKey"> IUPAC identifier</a> </li> <li> <a href="./cas-ser/" 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title="More documentation on the main page of the site"> More documentation</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </header> <main id="main"> <h1 class="no-handheld">NIST Chemistry WebBook</h1> <h2>NIST <span class="no-handheld">Standard Reference Database</span> <span class="only-handheld">SRD</span> Number 69</h2> <p aria-hidden="true" class="no-handheld" style="font-size: smaller;"> <span style="margin-right: 14em;">Last update to data: <a href="#Changes" title="information about recent changes to this site">2023</a> </span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> DOI: <span title="This URL links back to this page via the DOI resolver"> https://doi.org/10.18434/T4D303</span> </span> </p> <p id="Top" style="font-size: smaller;"> View: <a href="#Search">Search Options</a>, <a href="#Models">Models and Tools</a>, <a href="#SpData">Special Data Collections</a>, <a href="#Documentation">Documentation</a>, <a href="#Changes" title="information about recent changes to this site">Changes</a>, <a href="#Notes">Notes</a> </p> <h3 id="CreditsControl">Credits</h3> <div id="Credits" class="toggled"> <dl> <dt>Neutral Thermochemical data</dt> <dd>compiled by <em>Hussein Y. Afeefy</em>, <em>Joel F. Liebman</em>, <em>Stephen E. Stein</em>, <em>Donald R. Burgess, Jr.</em></dd> <dt>Entropy and Heat Capacity of Organic Compounds</dt> <dd>compiled by Glushko Thermocenter, Moscow</dd> <dt>Condensed Phase Heat Capacity data</dt> <dd>compiled by <em>Eugene S. Domalski</em>, <em>Elizabeth D. Hearing</em></dd> <dt>Ionization Energetics (IE, AE) data</dt> <dd>compiled by <em>Sharon G. Lias</em>, <em>Henry M. Rosenstock</em>, <em>Keith Draxl</em>, <em>Bruce W. Steiner</em>, <em>John T. Herron</em>, <em>John L. Holmes</em>, <em>Rhoda D. Levin</em>, <em>Joel F. Liebman</em>, <em>Sherif A. Kafafi</em></dd> <dt>Ionization Energy data</dt> <dd>evaluated by <em>Sharon G. Lias</em></dd> <dt>Negative Ion Energetics data</dt> <dd>compiled by <em>John E. Bartmess</em></dd> <dt>Thermochemistry of Cluster Ion data</dt> <dd>compiled by <em>Michael N. Mautner</em> and <em>Sharon G. Lias</em></dd> <dt>Metal Ion Clustering Data</dt> <dd>compiled by <em>Robert C. Dunbar</em></dd> <dt>Proton Affinity data</dt> <dd>compiled and evaluated by <em>Edward P. Hunter</em>, <em>Sharon G. Lias</em></dd> <dt>Vibrational and Electronic Energy Level data</dt> <dd>compiled by <em>Marilyn E. Jacox</em></dd> <dt>Vibrational Frequency data</dt> <dd>compiled by <em>Takehiko Shimanouchi</em></dd> <dt>Constants of Diatomic Molecules</dt> <dd>compiled by <em>Klaus P. Huber</em>, <em>Gerhard H. Herzberg</em> (data prepared by <em>Jean W. Gallagher</em>, <em>Russell D. Johnson, III</em>)</dd> <dt>Organometallic Thermochemical data</dt> <dd>compiled by <em>José A. Martinho Simões</em></dd> <dt>Heat of Sublimation data</dt> <dd>compiled by <em>James S. Chickos</em></dd> <dt>Heat of Fusion data</dt> <dd>compiled by <em>James S. Chickos</em>, <em>William E. Acree, Jr.</em>, <em>Joel F. Liebman</em>, <em>Students of Chem 202 (Introduction to the Literature of Chemistry), University of Missouri – St. Louis</em></dd> <dt>Boiling Point data</dt> <dd>compiled by <em>Robert L. Brown</em>, <em>Stephen E. Stein</em></dd> <dt>Henry's Law Constants</dt> <dd>compiled by <em>Rolf Sander</em></dd> <dt>Thermophysical Properties of Fluid Systems</dt> <dd><em>Eric W. Lemmon</em>, <em>Ian H. Bell</em>, <em>Marcia L. Huber</em>, <em>Mark O. McLinden</em></dd> <dt>UV/Visible Spectra</dt> <dd>compiled by <em>Victor Talrose</em>, <em>Eugeny B. Stern</em>, <em>Antonina A. Goncharova</em>, <em>Natalia A. Messineva</em>, <em>Natalia V. Trusova</em>, <em>Margarita V. Efimkina</em>, <em>Alexander N. Yermakov</em>, <em>Alexy A. Usov</em>, <em>Axlexander A. Leskin</em></dd> <dt>Thermodynamics Source Database</dt> <dd>compiled by Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, <em>Chris Muzny</em> director</dd> <dt>Names, 2-D Structures, Retention Indexes, Mass and IR Spectra data</dt> <dd>compiled by NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, <em>William E. Wallace</em> director</dd> <dt>Quantitative Infrared Database</dt> <dd><em>Pamela M. Chu</em>, <em>Franklin R. Guenther</em>, <em>George C. Rhoderick</em>, <em>Walter J. Lafferty</em></dd> <dt>Evaluated Infrared Reference Spectra</dt> <dd><em>Coblentz Society, Inc.</em></dd> <dt>IARPA / PNNL Liquid Phase IR Spectra</dt> <dd><em>Tanya L. Myers</em>, <em>Russell G. Tonkyn</em>, <em>Ashley M. Oeck</em>, <em>Tyler O. Danby</em>, <em>John S. Loring</em>, <em>Matthew S. Taubman</em>, <em>Stephen W. Sharpe</em>, <em>Jerome C. Birnbaum</em>, <em>Timothy J. Johnson</em></dd> <dt>IARPA / PNNL Solid Phase IR Spectra</dt> <dd><em>Timothy J. Johnson</em>, <em>Tanya L. Myers</em>, <em>Yin-Fong Su</em>, <em>Russell G. Tonkyn</em>, <em>Molly Rose K. Kelly-Gorham</em>, <em>Tyler O. Danby</em></dd> <dt>THz Spectral Database</dt> <dd><em>Edwin J. Heilweil</em>, <em>Matthew B. Campbell</em></dd> <dt>3-D Structures</dt> <dd>created by <em>Karl K. Irikura</em>, <em>Thomas C. Allison</em>, <em>Katherine C. Hafner</em>, <em>Stuart C. Ness</em>, <em>Daniel X. Du</em>, <em>Jeffrey W. Qiu</em>, <em>Alexander H. Yang</em>, <em>Helen M. Park</em>, <em>J.K. Skerritt</em>, <em>Mariya S. Shevchuk</em>, <em>Michael Y. Liou</em>, <em>Niranjan B. Ravi</em>, <em>Sonia F. Dermer</em>, <em>Ethan N. Ho</em>, <em>Emily W. Jin</em>, <em>Sejal N. Aggarwal</em>, <em>Sarah N. Pan</em>, <em>Daniel S. Graham</em>, <em>Sarah E. Wollman</em>, <em>Yvonne Niyonzima</em>, <em>Avi M. Newman</em>, <em>Ashley M. Zhang</em>, <em>Ann Marie Martin</em>, <em>Nimit Patel</em>, <em>Abbie Tran</em>, <em>Joseph Tseytlin</em>, <em>Nathan S. Kau</em>, <em>Joel F. Liebman</em></dd> <dt>Miscellaneous data entry and editing</dt> <dd><em>Pamela J. Christian</em>, <em>Diane H. Frizzell</em>, <em>Janiel J. Reed</em></dd> </dl> <p> General Editor <em>Peter J. Linstrom</em><br/> Editor Emeritus <em>W. 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