Internet Archive: Search Engine

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en">  <head data-release=5f5f3ccd data-node="www11.us.archive.org"> <title>Internet Archive: Search Engine</title> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"/> <meta name="google-site-verification" content="Q2YSouphkkgHkFNP7FgAkc4TmBs1Gmag3uGNndb53B8" /> <meta name="google-site-verification" content="bpjKvUvsX0lxfmjg19TLblckWkDpnptZEYsBntApxUk" /> <script nonce="**CSP_NONCE**" > /* @licstart The following is the entire license notice for the * JavaScript code in this page. * * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify * it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or * (at your option) any later version. * * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the * GNU Affero General Public License for more details. * * You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License * along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. * * @licend The above is the entire license notice * for the JavaScript code in this page. */ </script> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta property="mediatype" content=""> <meta property="primary_collection" content=""> <script src="//archive.org/includes/athena.js?v=5f5f3ccd" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="//archive.org/components/npm/lit/polyfill-support.js?v=5f5f3ccd" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="//archive.org/components/npm/@webcomponents/webcomponentsjs/webcomponents-bundle.js?v=5f5f3ccd" type="text/javascript"></script> <script nonce="**CSP_NONCE**" > window.__realDefine = customElements.define.bind(customElements); customElements.define = function() { try { return window.__realDefine.apply(this, arguments); } catch (e) { console.warn(e); } } </script> <script src="//archive.org/includes/build/js/ia-topnav.min.js?v=5f5f3ccd" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="//archive.org/includes/build/js/search.min.js?v=5f5f3ccd" type="text/javascript"></script> <link href="//archive.org/includes/build/css/archive.min.css?v=5f5f3ccd" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"/> <link rel="SHORTCUT ICON" href="https://archive.org/images/glogo.jpg"/> </head> <body class="navia "> <a href="#maincontent" class="hidden-for-screen-readers">Skip to main content</a>  <div id="wrap" > <div class="ia-banners"> <div class="ia-banner hidden post-appeal-20240905" data-campaign="post-appeal-20240905"> <p><a href="https://change.org/LetReadersRead" rel="nofollow">Ask the publishers</a> to restore access to 500,000+ books.</p> <form class="banner-close" action="" method="get" data-action="ia-banner-close"> <fieldset> <button aria-label="Close Banner" type="submit"></button> </fieldset> </form> </div> <div class="ia-banner public ia-deprecated-browser" data-campaign="ia-deprecated-browser"> <p>Your browser may not be compatible with all the features on this site. Consider upgrading to a modern browser or enabling JavaScript for an improved experience.</p> <form class="banner-close" action="" method="get" data-action="ia-banner-close"> <fieldset> <button aria-label="Close Banner" type="submit"></button> </fieldset> </form> </div> </div> <div id="topnav"> <input class="js_nav_tweaks" type="hidden" value='[]'/> <style scope="icon-hamburger-1">.icon-hamburger-1 svg.icon-hamburger { display: block; height: 4rem; width: 4rem; } .icon-hamburger-1 .fill-color.icon-hamburger { fill: #fff; }</style><style scope="login-button-1">.login-button-1 .dropdown-toggle.login-button { display: block; text-transform: uppercase; color: #ccc; cursor: pointer; } .login-button-1 .dropdown-toggle.login-button svg.login-button { height: 100%; width: 4rem; } .login-button-1 .dropdown-toggle.login-button .fill-color.login-button { fill: #999; } .login-button-1 .dropdown-toggle.login-button:active .fill-color.login-button,.login-button-1 .dropdown-toggle.login-button:focus .fill-color.login-button,.login-button-1 .dropdown-toggle.login-button:hover .fill-color.login-button { fill: #fff; } .login-button-1 .active.login-button { border-radius: 1rem 1rem 0 0; background: #333; } .login-button-1 .active.login-button .fill-color.login-button { fill: #fff; } .login-button-1 span.login-button { display: none; font-size: 1.4rem; text-transform: uppercase; color: #999; } .login-button-1 span.login-button a.login-button { color: inherit; text-decoration: none; outline: 0; } .login-button-1 a.login-button:hover,.login-button-1 a.login-button:active,.login-button-1 a.login-button:focus { color: #fff !important; outline: none !important; outline-offset: inherit !important; } @media (min-width: 890px) { .login-button-1 .logged-out-toolbar.login-button { padding: 1rem 0.5rem; vertical-align: middle; } .login-button-1 .active.login-button { background: transparent; } .login-button-1 .dropdown-toggle.login-button { display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; } .login-button-1 .dropdown-toggle.login-button svg.login-button { height: 3rem; width: 3rem; display: block; } .login-button-1 span.login-button { display: inline; vertical-align: middle; } }</style><style scope="nav-search-1">.nav-search-1 input.nav-search[type="text"] { color: #222; } .nav-search-1 input.nav-search:focus { outline: none; } .nav-search-1 button.nav-search { background: none; color: inherit; border: none; font: inherit; cursor: pointer; } .nav-search-1 button.nav-search:focus { outline: none; } .nav-search-1 .search.nav-search { padding-top: 0; margin-right: 0.5rem; } .nav-search-1 .search.nav-search svg.nav-search { position: relative; fill:; } .nav-search-1 .search-activated.nav-search { display: -webkit-box; display: -ms-flexbox; display: flex; position: absolute; top: 0; right: 4rem; bottom: 0; left: 4rem; z-index: 3; padding: 0.5rem 0.2rem; border-radius: 1rem 1rem 0 0; background: #333; } .nav-search-1 .search-inactive.nav-search { display: none; } .nav-search-1 .search-activated.nav-search .highlight.nav-search,.nav-search-1 .search-activated.nav-search .search.nav-search { background: #fff; border-radius: 0.5rem; } .nav-search-1 .search-activated.nav-search .highlight.nav-search { display: -webkit-box; display: -ms-flexbox; display: flex; width: 100%; margin: 0 0.5rem; } .nav-search-1 .search-activated.nav-search .search.nav-search { height: 100%; padding: 0; margin-right: 0; -ms-flex-item-align: center; -ms-grid-row-align: center; align-self: center; } .nav-search-1 .search-activated.nav-search .search.nav-search svg.nav-search { height: 3rem; width: 3rem; } .nav-search-1 .search-activated.nav-search .search-field.nav-search { width: 100%; height: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; padding-left: 1rem; border-radius: 0.5rem; border: none; font-size: 1.6rem; text-align: center; } .nav-search-1 .search-activated.nav-search .search-field.nav-search:focus { outline: none; } @keyframes fade-in-nav-search-1 { 0% { opacity: 0; } 100% { opacity: 1; } } .nav-search-1 .fade-in.nav-search { animation: fade-in-nav-search-1 0.2s forwards; } @media (min-width: 890px) { .nav-search-1 .search.nav-search svg.nav-search { display: inline; width: 2.8rem; height: 2.8rem; vertical-align: -14px; } .nav-search-1 .search.nav-search path.nav-search { fill: #333; } .nav-search-1 .search-inactive.nav-search,.nav-search-1 .search-activated.nav-search { display: block; position: static; padding: 1.1rem 0.2rem; background: transparent; } .nav-search-1 .search-activated.nav-search .highlight.nav-search { width: 13rem; height: 2.8rem; -webkit-box-orient: horizontal; -webkit-box-direction: reverse; -ms-flex-direction: row-reverse; flex-direction: row-reverse; } .nav-search-1 .search-activated.nav-search .search-field.nav-search { width: calc(100% - 28px); height: 100%; padding-left: 0; font-size: 1.4rem; text-align: left; } .nav-search-1 .search-activated.nav-search .search.nav-search svg.nav-search { width: 2.8rem; height: 2.8rem; } }</style><style scope="media-button-1">.media-button-1 a.media-button { display: inline-block; text-decoration: none; } .media-button-1 .menu-item.media-button { display: inline-block; width: 100%; padding: 0; font-size: 1.6rem; text-align: left; background: transparent; -webkit-box-align: center; -ms-flex-align: center; align-items: center; } .media-button-1 .menu-item.media-button:focus { outline: none; } .media-button-1 .label.media-button { display: inline-block; padding: 0; font-weight: 400; color: #fff; text-align: left; vertical-align: middle; } .media-button-1 .menu-item.media-button > .icon.media-button { display: inline-flex; vertical-align: middle; -webkit-box-align: center; -ms-flex-align: center; align-items: center; -webkit-box-pack: center; -ms-flex-pack: center; justify-content: center; } .media-button-1 .menu-item.media-button > .icon.media-button > svg.media-button { height: 4rem; width: 4rem; } .media-button-1 .menu-item.selected.media-button .icon.media-button { background-color: #333; border-radius: 1rem 0 0 1rem; } .media-button-1 .icon.media-button .fill-color.media-button { fill: #999; } .media-button-1 .icon.active.media-button .fill-color.media-button { fill: #fff; } .media-button-1 .donate.media-button .fill-color.media-button { fill: #f00; } @media (min-width: 890px) { .media-button-1 .menu-item.media-button { width: auto; height: 5rem; color: #999; display: inline-flex; } .media-button-1 .menu-item.media-button:hover,.media-button-1 .menu-item.media-button:active,.media-button-1 .menu-item.media-button:focus { color: #fff; } .media-button-1 .menu-item.media-button:hover .fill-color.media-button,.media-button-1 .menu-item.media-button:active .fill-color.media-button,.media-button-1 .menu-item.media-button:focus .fill-color.media-button { fill: #fff; } .media-button-1 .label.media-button { display: none; } .media-button-1 .label.media-button,.media-button-1 .web.media-button:after { padding-right: 1rem; font-size: 1.3rem; text-transform: uppercase; color: inherit; } .media-button-1 .web.media-button:after { display: none; content: "web"; } .media-button-1 .donate.media-button,.media-button-1 .more.media-button { display: none; } .media-button-1 .menu-item.selected.media-button { background: #474747; } .media-button-1 .menu-item.selected.media-button .label.media-button,.media-button-1 .menu-item.selected.web.media-button:after { color: #fff; } .media-button-1 .menu-item.selected.media-button .icon.media-button { background: transparent; } .media-button-1 .web.selected.media-button .fill-color.media-button { fill: #ffcd27; } .media-button-1 .texts.selected.media-button .fill-color.media-button { fill: #faab3c; } .media-button-1 .video.selected.media-button .fill-color.media-button { fill: #f1644b; } .media-button-1 .audio.selected.media-button .fill-color.media-button { fill: #00adef; } .media-button-1 .software.selected.media-button .fill-color.media-button { fill: #9ecc4f; } .media-button-1 .images.selected.media-button .fill-color.media-button { fill: #aa99c9; } } @media (min-width: 1200px) { .media-button-1 .label.media-button,.media-button-1 .web.media-button:after { display: inline; } .media-button-1 .web.media-button .label.media-button { display: none; } }</style><style scope="media-menu-1">.media-menu-1 { outline: none; } .media-menu-1 .media-menu-inner.media-menu { z-index: -1; top: -40rem; background-color: #222; margin: 0; overflow: hidden; transition-duration: 0.2s; transition-property: top; transition-timing-function: ease; } .media-menu-1 .menu-group.media-menu { position: relative; line-height: normal; } @media (max-width: 889px) { .media-menu-1 .media-menu-inner.media-menu { position: absolute; width: 100%; } .media-menu-1 .open.media-menu .media-menu-inner.media-menu { top: 0; } .media-menu-1 .overflow-clip.media-menu { position: absolute; z-index: -1; top: 4rem; left: 0; height: 0; width: 100%; overflow: hidden; transition-duration: 0.2s; transition-property: height; } .media-menu-1 .open.media-menu .overflow-clip.media-menu { height: 40rem; } } @media (min-width: 890px) { .media-menu-1 .media-menu-inner.media-menu { display: block; position: static; width: auto; height: 5rem; transition-property: none; } .media-menu-1 .menu-group.media-menu { font-size: 0; } }</style><style scope="primary-nav-1">.primary-nav-1 button.primary-nav:focus,.primary-nav-1 input.primary-nav:focus { outline: none; } .primary-nav-1 nav.primary-nav { position: relative; display: flex; height: 4rem; grid-template-areas: 'hamburger empty heart search user'; -ms-grid-columns: 4rem minmax(1rem, 100%) 4rem 4rem 4rem; grid-template-columns: 4rem auto 4rem 4rem 4rem; -ms-grid-rows: 100%; grid-template-rows: 100%; background: #222; border-bottom: 1px solid #333; } .primary-nav-1 nav.hide-search.primary-nav { grid-template-areas: 'hamburger empty heart user'; -ms-grid-columns: 4rem minmax(1rem, 100%) 4rem 4rem; grid-template-columns: 4rem auto 4rem 4rem; } .primary-nav-1 .right-side-section.primary-nav { display: flex; margin-left: auto; user-select: none; } .primary-nav-1 button.primary-nav { background: none; color: inherit; border: none; font: inherit; cursor: pointer; } .primary-nav-1 .branding.primary-nav { position: static; float: left; margin: 0 !important; padding: 0 5px 0 10px; -webkit-transform: translate(0, 0); -ms-transform: translate(0, 0); transform: translate(0, 0); } .primary-nav-1 slot.primary-nav,.primary-nav-1 .branding.primary-nav { display: flex; justify-content: left; align-items: center; } .primary-nav-1 media-menu.primary-nav { grid-column-start: hamburger-start; grid-column-end: user-end; } .primary-nav-1 .ia-logo.primary-nav { height: 3rem; width: 2.7rem; display: inline-block; } .primary-nav-1 .ia-wordmark.primary-nav { height: 3rem; width: 9.5rem; } .primary-nav-1 .ia-logo.primary-nav,.primary-nav-1 .ia-wordmark.primary-nav { margin-right: 5px; } .primary-nav-1 .hamburger.primary-nav { -ms-grid-row: 1; -ms-grid-column: 1; grid-area: hamburger; padding: 0; } .primary-nav-1 .hamburger.primary-nav svg.primary-nav { height: 4rem; width: 4rem; fill: #fff; } .primary-nav-1 .mobile-donate-link.primary-nav { display: inline-block; } .primary-nav-1 .mobile-donate-link.primary-nav svg.primary-nav { height: 4rem; width: 4rem; } .primary-nav-1 .mobile-donate-link.primary-nav .fill-color.primary-nav { fill: rgb(255, 0, 0); } .primary-nav-1 .sr-only.primary-nav { position: absolute; width: 1px; height: 1px; margin: -1px; padding: 0; border: 0; overflow: hidden; white-space: nowrap; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px); -webkit-clip-path: inset(50%); clip-path: inset(50%); user-select: none; } .primary-nav-1 .search-trigger.primary-nav { padding: 0; } .primary-nav-1 .search-trigger.primary-nav svg.primary-nav { height: 4rem; width: 4rem; } .primary-nav-1 .search-trigger.primary-nav .fill-color.primary-nav { fill: #999; } .primary-nav-1 .search-activated.primary-nav { position: relative; z-index: 3; } .primary-nav-1 .upload.primary-nav { display: none; } .primary-nav-1 .upload.primary-nav span.primary-nav { display: none; } .primary-nav-1 .upload.primary-nav svg.primary-nav { height: 3rem; width: 3rem; } .primary-nav-1 .screen-name.primary-nav { display: none; font-size: 1.3rem; vertical-align: middle; text-transform: uppercase; } .primary-nav-1 .user-menu.primary-nav { color: #999; padding: 0.5rem; height: 100%; } .primary-nav-1 button.user-menu.primary-nav:hover,.primary-nav-1 button.user-menu.primary-nav:focus { color: #fff; outline: none; } .primary-nav-1 .user-menu.active.primary-nav { border-radius: 1rem 1rem 0 0; background: #333; } .primary-nav-1 .user-menu.primary-nav img.primary-nav { display: block; width: 3rem; height: 3rem; } .primary-nav-1 .link-home.primary-nav { text-decoration: none; display: inline-flex; } .primary-nav-1 a.link-home.primary-nav:focus,.primary-nav-1 a.link-home.primary-nav:focus-visible { outline-offset: 1px; } @media only screen and (min-width: 890px) and (max-device-width: 905px) { .primary-nav-1 .branding.second-logo.primary-nav { padding-right: 0; } } @media (min-width: 906px) { .primary-nav-1 .branding.second-logo.primary-nav { padding-right: 20px; } } @media (max-width: 889px) { .primary-nav-1 slot.primary-nav[name='opt-sec-logo'] { display: none; } .primary-nav-1 .right-side-section.primary-nav { display: initial; } .primary-nav-1 .right-side-section.primary-nav .user-info.primary-nav { float: right; } } @media (min-width: 890px) { .primary-nav-1 { ; } .primary-nav-1 nav.primary-nav { display: flex; z-index: 4; height: 5rem; padding-right: 1.5rem; } .primary-nav-1 slot.primary-nav[name='opt-sec-logo-mobile'] { display: none; } .primary-nav-1 .ia-logo.primary-nav,.primary-nav-1 .ia-wordmark.primary-nav { margin-right: 10px; } .primary-nav-1 .hamburger.primary-nav,.primary-nav-1 .search-trigger.primary-nav,.primary-nav-1 .mobile-donate-link.primary-nav { display: none; } .primary-nav-1 .user-info.primary-nav { display: block; float: right; vertical-align: middle; height: 100%; } .primary-nav-1 .user-info.primary-nav .user-menu.primary-nav img.primary-nav { height: 3rem; width: 3rem; margin-right: 0.5rem; } .primary-nav-1 .user-menu.primary-nav { padding: 1rem 0.5rem; } .primary-nav-1 .user-menu.active.primary-nav { background: transparent; } .primary-nav-1 .user-menu.primary-nav img.primary-nav { display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; margin-right: 0.5rem; } .primary-nav-1 .upload.primary-nav { display: block; padding: 1rem 0.5rem; float: right; font-size: 1.4rem; text-transform: uppercase; text-decoration: none; color: #999; } .primary-nav-1 .upload.primary-nav:active,.primary-nav-1 .upload.primary-nav:focus,.primary-nav-1 .upload.primary-nav:hover { color: #fff; } .primary-nav-1 .upload.primary-nav:focus-visible { outline: none; } .primary-nav-1 .upload.primary-nav svg.primary-nav { vertical-align: middle; fill: #999; } .primary-nav-1 .upload.primary-nav:hover svg.primary-nav,.primary-nav-1 .upload.primary-nav:focus svg.primary-nav,.primary-nav-1 .upload.primary-nav:active svg.primary-nav { fill: #fff; } .primary-nav-1 nav-search.primary-nav { float: right; margin-left: 1rem; } } @media (min-width: 990px) { .primary-nav-1 .screen-name.primary-nav { display: inline-block; text-overflow: ellipsis; overflow: hidden; white-space: nowrap; max-width: 165px; } .primary-nav-1 .upload.primary-nav span.primary-nav { display: inline; } }</style><style scope="search-menu-1">.search-menu-1 .menu-wrapper.search-menu { position: relative; } .search-menu-1 button.search-menu:focus,.search-menu-1 input.search-menu:focus { outline-color: #428bca; outline-width: 0.16rem; outline-style: auto; outline-offset: 2px !important; } .search-menu-1 .search-menu-inner.search-menu { position: absolute; right: 0; left: 0; z-index: 4; padding: 0 4.5rem; font-size: 1.6rem; background-color: #333; } .search-menu-1 .tx-slide.search-menu { overflow: hidden; transition-property: top; transition-duration: 0.2s; transition-timing-function: ease; } .search-menu-1 .initial.search-menu,.search-menu-1 .closed.search-menu { top: -1500px; } .search-menu-1 .closed.search-menu { transition-duration: 0.2s; } .search-menu-1 label.search-menu,.search-menu-1 a.search-menu { padding: 1rem; display: block; } .search-menu-1 .advanced-search.search-menu { text-decoration: none; color: #428bca; line-height: normal; padding: 0.5rem; margin-top: 5px; } @media (min-width: 890px) { .search-menu-1 .search-menu-inner.search-menu { overflow: visible; right: 2rem; left: auto; z-index: 5; padding: 1rem 2rem; transition: opacity 0.2s ease-in-out; font-size: 1.4rem; color: #333; border-radius: 2px; background: #fff; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15); } .search-menu-1 .search-menu-inner.search-menu:after { position: absolute; right: 7px; top: -7px; width: 12px; height: 7px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #fff; content: ''; border-bottom: 7px solid currentColor; border-left: 6px solid transparent; border-right: 6px solid transparent; } .search-menu-1 .initial.search-menu,.search-menu-1 .closed.search-menu { opacity: 0; transition-duration: 0.2s; } .search-menu-1 .open.search-menu { opacity: 1; } .search-menu-1 label.search-menu { padding: 0; font-weight: normal; margin: 0; } .search-menu-1 label.search-menu + label.search-menu { padding-top: 7px; } .search-menu-1 a.search-menu { padding: 1rem 0 0 0; } }</style><style scope="wayback-search-1">.wayback-search-1 { font: normal 1.2rem/1.5 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; } .wayback-search-1 form.wayback-search { max-width: 600px; } .wayback-search-1 p.wayback-search { margin-top: 0; font-weight: 200; } .wayback-search-1 a.wayback-search { font-weight: 500; text-decoration: none; color: #fff; } .wayback-search-1 fieldset.wayback-search { padding: 0.7rem 2rem; margin: 1.5rem 0; box-sizing: border-box; text-align: center; border: none; border-radius: 7px; background-color: #fcf5e6; box-shadow: 3px 3px 0 0 #c3ad97; } .wayback-search-1 label.wayback-search { display: none; } .wayback-search-1 img.wayback-search { width: 100%; max-width: 215px; max-height: 60px; margin-bottom: 1.3rem; vertical-align: middle; } .wayback-search-1 input.wayback-search { display: block; width: 100%; height: 3rem; padding: 0.5rem 1rem 0.5rem 2.5rem; font: normal 1.2rem/1.5 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; color: #858585; box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #ccc; border-radius: 2rem; background: #eee; } .wayback-search-1 input.wayback-search:focus { border-color: #66afe9; box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.075), 0 0 8px rgba(102, 175, 233, 0.6); outline: none; } .wayback-search-1 .search-field.wayback-search { position: relative; overflow: hidden; } .wayback-search-1 .search-field.wayback-search svg.wayback-search { position: absolute; top: 2px; left: 3px; width: 2.4rem; height: 2.4rem; } .wayback-search-1 .search-field.wayback-search .fill-color.wayback-search { fill: #999; } .wayback-search-1 input.wayback-search:focus + svg.wayback-search { display: none; } @media (min-width: 890px) { .wayback-search-1 form.wayback-search { margin: 0 auto; } .wayback-search-1 p.wayback-search { margin-bottom: 3rem; font-size: 1.6rem; text-align: center; } .wayback-search-1 img.wayback-search { margin: 0; } .wayback-search-1 fieldset.wayback-search { margin: 0 auto; font-size: 0; } .wayback-search-1 fieldset.wayback-search a.wayback-search,.wayback-search-1 .search-field.wayback-search { display: inline-block; width: 50%; vertical-align: middle; } .wayback-search-1 fieldset.wayback-search a.wayback-search { text-align: center; } .wayback-search-1 .search-field.wayback-search svg.wayback-search { width: 2.8rem; height: 2.8rem; } .wayback-search-1 .search-field.wayback-search .fill-color.wayback-search { fill: #333; } } .wayback-search-1 p.wayback-search { margin-bottom: 1rem; font-size: 1.6rem; text-align: center; } .wayback-search-1 fieldset.wayback-search { padding: .5rem; border-radius: 5px; box-shadow: none; } .wayback-search-1 input.wayback-search { padding-left: 3rem; margin-top: .3rem; font-size: 1.4rem; border-color: #bca38e; background: #fff; } .wayback-search-1 input.wayback-search::placeholder,.wayback-search-1 input.wayback-search::-webkit-input-placeholder { color: #8e8e8e; } .wayback-search-1 .search-field.wayback-search svg.wayback-search { top: 50%; transform: translateY(-50%); } @media (min-width: 890px) { .wayback-search-1 fieldset.wayback-search a.wayback-search,.wayback-search-1 .search-field.wayback-search { display: block; width: auto; } .wayback-search-1 fieldset.wayback-search a.wayback-search { margin: 0 1.5rem; } }</style><style scope="save-page-form-1">.save-page-form-1 div.save-page-form { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr auto; grid-column-gap: .8rem; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: none; } .save-page-form-1 input.save-page-form[type="text"] { width: 100%; height: 3rem; box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #999; border-radius: .5rem; color: #222; font-size: inherit; } .save-page-form-1 input.save-page-form[type="submit"] { -webkit-appearance: none; -moz-appearance: none; appearance: none; padding: .4rem .8rem; font: normal 1.3rem 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; text-transform: uppercase; color: #fff; border: none; border-radius: 16px; background: #222; cursor: pointer; } .save-page-form-1 .error.save-page-form { display: none; margin-top: .5rem; font-weight: bold; color: #ffcd27; } .save-page-form-1 .visible.save-page-form { display: block; } @media (min-width: 890px) { .save-page-form-1 h3.save-page-form { margin-top: 0; font: normal 100 1.6rem 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; } }</style><style scope="wayback-slider-1">.wayback-slider-1 h4.wayback-slider { font-size: 1.6rem; } .wayback-slider-1 a.wayback-slider { text-decoration: none; color: #fff; } .wayback-slider-1 ul.wayback-slider { padding: 0; margin: 0; list-style: none; } .wayback-slider-1 li.wayback-slider + li.wayback-slider { padding-top: 1.5rem; } @media (min-width: 890px) { .wayback-slider-1 h4.wayback-slider { margin: 0 0 1rem 0; font-weight: 100; } .wayback-slider-1 ul.wayback-slider { font-size: 1.3rem; } .wayback-slider-1 li.wayback-slider { padding-bottom: .5rem; } .wayback-slider-1 li.wayback-slider + li.wayback-slider { padding-top: 0; } .wayback-slider-1 li.wayback-slider a.wayback-slider { display: block; overflow: hidden; white-space: nowrap; text-overflow: ellipsis; } } @media (min-width: 890px) { .wayback-slider-1 { display: block; grid-column: 1 / 4; padding: 0 1.5rem; } .wayback-slider-1 h4.wayback-slider { margin-top: 0; font: normal 100 1.6rem 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; } .wayback-slider-1 .grid.wayback-slider { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(auto, 260px) 1fr minmax(auto, 260px); grid-column-gap: 2.5rem; } .wayback-slider-1 .link-lists.wayback-slider { display: grid; grid-template-columns: calc(50% - 1.25rem) calc(50% - 1.25rem); grid-column-gap: 2.5rem; } }</style><style scope="more-slider-1">.more-slider-1 ul.more-slider { padding: 0; margin: -1rem 0 0 0; list-style: none; } .more-slider-1 a.more-slider { display: block; padding: 1rem 0; text-decoration: none; color: #fff; }</style><style scope="media-subnav-1">.media-subnav-1 h4.media-subnav { font-size: 1.6rem; } .media-subnav-1 a.media-subnav { text-decoration: none; color: #fff; } .media-subnav-1 ul.media-subnav { padding: 0; margin: 0; list-style: none; } .media-subnav-1 li.media-subnav + li.media-subnav { padding-top: 1.5rem; } @media (min-width: 890px) { .media-subnav-1 h4.media-subnav { margin: 0 0 1rem 0; font-weight: 100; } .media-subnav-1 ul.media-subnav { font-size: 1.3rem; } .media-subnav-1 li.media-subnav { padding-bottom: .5rem; } .media-subnav-1 li.media-subnav + li.media-subnav { padding-top: 0; } .media-subnav-1 li.media-subnav a.media-subnav { display: block; overflow: hidden; white-space: nowrap; text-overflow: ellipsis; } } .media-subnav-1 img.media-subnav { display: block; width: 90px; height: 90px; margin: 0 auto 1rem auto; border-radius: 45px; } .media-subnav-1 h3.media-subnav { margin-top: 0; font-size: 1.8rem; } .media-subnav-1 .icon-links.media-subnav { display: -webkit-box; display: -ms-flexbox; display: flex; -webkit-box-pack: space-evenly; -ms-flex-pack: space-evenly; justify-content: space-evenly; text-align: center; } .media-subnav-1 .icon-links.media-subnav a.media-subnav { display: inline-block; width: 12rem; margin-bottom: 1.5rem; overflow: hidden; white-space: nowrap; text-align: center; text-overflow: ellipsis; } .media-subnav-1 .icon-links.media-subnav a.media-subnav + a.media-subnav { margin-left: 2rem; } .media-subnav-1 .featured.media-subnav h4.media-subnav { display: none; } @media (min-width: 890px) { .media-subnav-1 { display: -ms-grid; display: grid; -ms-grid-columns: 40% 20% 40%; grid-template-columns: 40% 20% 40%; } .media-subnav-1 .wayback-search.media-subnav { -ms-grid-column: 1; -ms-grid-column-span: 3; grid-column: 1 / 4; } .media-subnav-1 h3.media-subnav { display: none; } .media-subnav-1 .icon-links.media-subnav { -ms-grid-column: 1; } .media-subnav-1 .icon-links.media-subnav a.media-subnav { padding-top: 3.5rem; max-width: 16rem; } .media-subnav-1 .links.media-subnav { padding: 0 1.5rem; } .media-subnav-1 .featured.media-subnav { -ms-grid-column: 2; } .media-subnav-1 .featured.media-subnav h4.media-subnav { display: block; } .media-subnav-1 .top.media-subnav { -ms-grid-column: 3; } .media-subnav-1 .top.media-subnav ul.media-subnav { display: -ms-grid; display: grid; -ms-grid-columns: 50% 3rem 50%; grid-template-columns: 50% 50%; -ms-grid-rows: (auto)[7]; grid-template-rows: repeat(7, auto); grid-column-gap: 3rem; grid-auto-flow: column; } .media-subnav-1 .top.media-subnav ul.media-subnav > *.media-subnav:nth-child(1) { -ms-grid-row: 1; -ms-grid-column: 1; } .media-subnav-1 .top.media-subnav ul.media-subnav > *.media-subnav:nth-child(2) { -ms-grid-row: 2; -ms-grid-column: 1; } .media-subnav-1 .top.media-subnav ul.media-subnav > *.media-subnav:nth-child(3) { -ms-grid-row: 3; -ms-grid-column: 1; } .media-subnav-1 .top.media-subnav ul.media-subnav > *.media-subnav:nth-child(4) { -ms-grid-row: 4; -ms-grid-column: 1; } .media-subnav-1 .top.media-subnav ul.media-subnav > *.media-subnav:nth-child(5) { -ms-grid-row: 5; -ms-grid-column: 1; } .media-subnav-1 .top.media-subnav ul.media-subnav > *.media-subnav:nth-child(6) { -ms-grid-row: 6; -ms-grid-column: 1; } .media-subnav-1 .top.media-subnav ul.media-subnav > *.media-subnav:nth-child(7) { -ms-grid-row: 7; -ms-grid-column: 1; } .media-subnav-1 .top.media-subnav ul.media-subnav > *.media-subnav:nth-child(8) { -ms-grid-row: 1; -ms-grid-column: 3; } .media-subnav-1 .top.media-subnav ul.media-subnav > *.media-subnav:nth-child(9) { -ms-grid-row: 2; -ms-grid-column: 3; } .media-subnav-1 .top.media-subnav ul.media-subnav > *.media-subnav:nth-child(10) { -ms-grid-row: 3; -ms-grid-column: 3; } .media-subnav-1 .top.media-subnav ul.media-subnav > *.media-subnav:nth-child(11) { -ms-grid-row: 4; -ms-grid-column: 3; } .media-subnav-1 .top.media-subnav ul.media-subnav > *.media-subnav:nth-child(12) { -ms-grid-row: 5; -ms-grid-column: 3; } .media-subnav-1 .top.media-subnav ul.media-subnav > *.media-subnav:nth-child(13) { -ms-grid-row: 6; -ms-grid-column: 3; } .media-subnav-1 .top.media-subnav ul.media-subnav > *.media-subnav:nth-child(14) { -ms-grid-row: 7; -ms-grid-column: 3; } }</style><style scope="media-slider-1">.media-slider-1 .media-slider-container.media-slider { position: relative; } .media-slider-1 .overflow-clip.media-slider { display: none; position: absolute; top: 3rem; right: 0; left: 0; height: 0; overflow: hidden; transition: height 0.2s ease; } .media-slider-1 .information-menu.media-slider { position: absolute; top: 0; right: 0; left: 0; padding: 0; height: 31.9rem; overflow-x: hidden; font-size: 1.4rem; background: #333; } .media-slider-1 .open.media-slider { display: block; } .media-slider-1 .hidden.media-slider { display: none; } .media-slider-1 .info-box.media-slider { padding: 1rem; } @media (max-width: 889px) { .media-slider-1 .overflow-clip.open.media-slider { display: block; height: 35.8rem; left: 4rem; top: 0; } } @media (min-width: 890px) { .media-slider-1 .overflow-clip.media-slider { display: block; } .media-slider-1 .information-menu.media-slider { left: 0; z-index: 3; height: auto; min-height: 21rem; background: #474747; transform: translate(0, -100%); transition: transform 0.2s ease; } .media-slider-1 .overflow-clip.open.media-slider { height: 22rem; } .media-slider-1 .information-menu.open.media-slider { transform: translate(0, 0); } .media-slider-1 .info-box.media-slider { max-width: 100rem; padding: 1.5rem 0; margin: 0 auto; } }</style><style scope="desktop-subnav-1">.desktop-subnav-1 ul.desktop-subnav { position: relative; z-index: 3; padding: .8rem 0; margin: 0; font-size: 1.2rem; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; background: #333; } .desktop-subnav-1 li.desktop-subnav { display: inline-block; padding: 0 15px; } .desktop-subnav-1 a.desktop-subnav { text-decoration: none; color: #aaa; } .desktop-subnav-1 a.desktop-subnav:hover,.desktop-subnav-1 a.desktop-subnav:active,.desktop-subnav-1 a.desktop-subnav:focus { color: #fff; } .desktop-subnav-1 .donate.desktop-subnav svg.desktop-subnav { width: 1.6rem; height: 1.6rem; vertical-align: top; fill: #f00; }</style><style scope="signed-out-dropdown-1">.signed-out-dropdown-1 .nav-container.signed-out-dropdown { position: relative; } .signed-out-dropdown-1 nav.signed-out-dropdown { position: absolute; right: 0; z-index: 4; overflow: hidden; font-size: 1.6rem; background-color: #333; transition-property: top; transition-duration: 0.2s; transition-timing-function: ease; } .signed-out-dropdown-1 .initial.signed-out-dropdown,.signed-out-dropdown-1 .closed.signed-out-dropdown { top: -1500px; } .signed-out-dropdown-1 .closed.signed-out-dropdown { transition-duration: 0.5s; } .signed-out-dropdown-1 .open.signed-out-dropdown { max-width: 100vw; overflow: auto; } .signed-out-dropdown-1 h3.signed-out-dropdown { padding: 0.6rem 2rem; margin: 0; font-size: inherit; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; } .signed-out-dropdown-1 ul.signed-out-dropdown { padding: 0.4rem 0 0.7rem 0; margin: 0; list-style: none; max-height: calc(100vh - 7.2rem + 1px); overflow: auto; box-sizing: border-box; } .signed-out-dropdown-1 .divider.signed-out-dropdown { margin: 0.5rem 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #666; } .signed-out-dropdown-1 a.signed-out-dropdown,.signed-out-dropdown-1 .info-item.signed-out-dropdown { display: block; color: #fff; text-decoration: none; padding: 1rem 2rem; } .signed-out-dropdown-1 .info-item.signed-out-dropdown { font-size: 0.8em; color: #999; } .signed-out-dropdown-1 .callout.signed-out-dropdown { position: absolute; margin-left: 10px; padding: 0 5px; border-radius: 2px; background: #fee257; color: #2c2c2c; font-size: 1.4rem; font-weight: bold; } .signed-out-dropdown-1 a.mobile-upload.signed-out-dropdown { display: flex; justify-content: left; align-items: center; } .signed-out-dropdown-1 a.mobile-upload.signed-out-dropdown svg.signed-out-dropdown { fill: #fff; margin-right: 1rem; height: 1.4rem; width: 1.4rem; } @media (min-width: 890px) { .signed-out-dropdown-1 nav.signed-out-dropdown { display: flex; overflow: visible; top: 0; left: auto; z-index: 5; transition: opacity 0.2s ease-in-out; font-size: 1.4rem; border-radius: 2px; background: #fff; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15); } .signed-out-dropdown-1 nav.signed-out-dropdown:after { position: absolute; right: 7px; top: -7px; width: 12px; height: 7px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #fff; content: ''; border-bottom: 7px solid currentColor; border-left: 6px solid transparent; border-right: 6px solid transparent; } .signed-out-dropdown-1 h3.signed-out-dropdown { display: none; } .signed-out-dropdown-1 ul.signed-out-dropdown { max-height: calc(100vh - 8.5rem + 1px); } .signed-out-dropdown-1 .divider.signed-out-dropdown { border-bottom-color: #666; } .signed-out-dropdown-1 a.signed-out-dropdown { padding: 0.5rem 2rem; color: #333; transition: background 0.1s ease-out, color 0.1s ease-out; } .signed-out-dropdown-1 .info-item.signed-out-dropdown { padding: 0.5rem 2rem; font-size: 0.8em; } .signed-out-dropdown-1 a.signed-out-dropdown:hover,.signed-out-dropdown-1 a.signed-out-dropdown:active,.signed-out-dropdown-1 a.signed-out-dropdown:focus { color: #fff; background: #428bca; outline: none; } .signed-out-dropdown-1 .initial.signed-out-dropdown,.signed-out-dropdown-1 .closed.signed-out-dropdown { opacity: 0; transition-duration: 0.2s; } .signed-out-dropdown-1 .open.signed-out-dropdown { opacity: 1; overflow: visible; } .signed-out-dropdown-1 a.mobile-upload.signed-out-dropdown { display: none; } } @media (min-width: 890px) { .signed-out-dropdown-1 .initial.signed-out-dropdown,.signed-out-dropdown-1 .closed.signed-out-dropdown,.signed-out-dropdown-1 .open.signed-out-dropdown { right: 33.5rem; } .signed-out-dropdown-1 .search-hidden.initial.signed-out-dropdown,.signed-out-dropdown-1 .search-hidden.closed.signed-out-dropdown,.signed-out-dropdown-1 .search-hidden.open.signed-out-dropdown { right: 18.5rem; } } @media (min-width: 990px) { .signed-out-dropdown-1 .initial.signed-out-dropdown,.signed-out-dropdown-1 .closed.signed-out-dropdown,.signed-out-dropdown-1 .open.signed-out-dropdown { right: 40rem; } .signed-out-dropdown-1 .search-hidden.initial.signed-out-dropdown,.signed-out-dropdown-1 .search-hidden.closed.signed-out-dropdown,.signed-out-dropdown-1 .search-hidden.open.signed-out-dropdown { right: 26rem; } }</style><style scope="ia-topnav-1">.ia-topnav-1 { ; color: #fff; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; } .ia-topnav-1 primary-nav.ia-topnav:focus { outline: none !important; } .ia-topnav-1 #close-layer.ia-topnav { display: none; position: fixed; top: 0; right: 0; bottom: 0; left: 0; z-index: 3; } .ia-topnav-1 #close-layer.visible.ia-topnav { display: block; } .ia-topnav-1 .topnav.ia-topnav { position: relative; z-index: 4; } @media (max-width: 889px) { .ia-topnav-1 desktop-subnav.ia-topnav { display: none; } }</style><style>body {transition: opacity ease-in 0.2s; } body[unresolved] {opacity: 0; display: block; overflow: hidden; position: relative; } </style> <ia-topnav locallinks="true" waybackpagesarchived="916 billion" class="x-scope ia-topnav-1"> <div class="topnav style-scope ia-topnav"> <primary-nav class="style-scope ia-topnav x-scope primary-nav-1"> <nav class="style-scope primary-nav"> <button class="hamburger style-scope primary-nav" title="Open main menu" data-event-click-tracking="TopNav|NavHamburger"> <icon-hamburger class="style-scope primary-nav x-scope icon-hamburger-1"> <svg viewBox="0 0 40 40" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-labelledby="hamburgerTitleID hamburgerDescID" class="style-scope icon-hamburger"> <title id="hamburgerTitleID" class="style-scope icon-hamburger">Hamburger icon</title> <desc id="hamburgerDescID" class="style-scope icon-hamburger">An icon used to represent a menu that can be toggled by interacting with this icon.</desc> <path d="m30.5 26.5c.8284271 0 1.5.6715729 1.5 1.5s-.6715729 1.5-1.5 1.5h-21c-.82842712 0-1.5-.6715729-1.5-1.5s.67157288-1.5 1.5-1.5zm0-8c.8284271 0 1.5.6715729 1.5 1.5s-.6715729 1.5-1.5 1.5h-21c-.82842712 0-1.5-.6715729-1.5-1.5s.67157288-1.5 1.5-1.5zm0-8c.8284271 0 1.5.6715729 1.5 1.5s-.6715729 1.5-1.5 1.5h-21c-.82842712 0-1.5-.6715729-1.5-1.5s.67157288-1.5 1.5-1.5z" fill="#999" fill-rule="evenodd" class="style-scope icon-hamburger"></path> </svg> </icon-hamburger> </button> <div class="branding style-scope primary-nav"> <a title="Go home" class="link-home style-scope primary-nav" href="/" data-event-click-tracking="TopNav|NavHome"> <svg class="ia-logo style-scope primary-nav" viewBox="0 0 27 30" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-labelledby="logoTitleID logoDescID"> <title id="logoTitleID" class="style-scope primary-nav">Internet Archive logo</title> <desc id="logoDescID" class="style-scope primary-nav">A line drawing of the Internet Archive headquarters building fa莽ade.</desc> <g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd" class="style-scope primary-nav"> <mask id="mask-2" fill="white" class="style-scope primary-nav"> <path d="M26.6666667,28.6046512 L26.6666667,30 L0,30 L0.000283687943,28.6046512 L26.6666667,28.6046512 Z M25.6140351,26.5116279 L25.6140351,28.255814 L1.05263158,28.255814 L1.05263158,26.5116279 L25.6140351,26.5116279 Z M3.62469203,7.6744186 L3.91746909,7.82153285 L4.0639977,10.1739544 L4.21052632,13.9963932 L4.21052632,17.6725617 L4.0639977,22.255044 L4.03962296,25.3421929 L3.62469203,25.4651163 L2.16024641,25.4651163 L1.72094074,25.3421929 L1.55031755,22.255044 L1.40350877,17.6970339 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<div id="close-layer" class="style-scope ia-topnav"></div> </ia-topnav> </div> <input class="js-tvsearch" type="hidden" value='{"ands":[],"minday":"06/04/2009","maxday":"11/29/2024"}'/>  <main id="maincontent"> <div class="container container-ia"> <h1>Advanced Search</h1> <b> This form allows you to perform an advanced search. You only need to fill in one field below. This can be any field. If you select "not" as your match criteria, you must select one other field. </b><br/> <form class="js-search-check_dates" name="searchForm" id="searchForm" method="POST"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-1"></div> <div class="col-sm-2">Any field:</div> <div class="col-sm-2"> <select name="any_type"> <option value="is" selected="selected">contains</option> <option value="not">does not contain</option> </select> </div> <div class="col-sm-7"> <input class="form-control input-sm" type="text" name="any_field" size="50"/> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-1">AND</div> <div class="col-sm-2">Title:</div> <div class="col-sm-2"> <select name="title_type"> <option value="is" selected="selected">contains</option> <option value="not">does not contain</option> </select> </div> <div class="col-sm-7"><input class="form-control input-sm" type="text" name="title_query" size="50" /></div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-1">AND</div> <div class="col-sm-2">Creator:</div> <div class="col-sm-2"> <select name="creator_type"> <option value="is" selected="selected">contains</option> <option value="not">does not contain</option> </select> </div> <div class="col-sm-7"><input class="form-control input-sm" type="text" name="creator_query" size="50" /></div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-1">AND</div> <div class="col-sm-2">Description:</div> <div class="col-sm-2"> <select name="description_type"> <option value="is" selected="selected">contains</option> <option value="not">does not contain</option> </select> </div> <div class="col-sm-7"> <input class="form-control input-sm" type="text" name="description_query" size="50"/> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-1">AND</div> <div class="col-sm-2">Collection:</div> <div class="col-sm-2"> <select name="collection_type"> <option value="is" selected="selected">is</option> <option value="not">does not contain</option> </select> </div> <div class="col-sm-7"> <input class="form-control input-sm" type="text" name="collection_query" size="50"/> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-1">AND</div> <div class="col-sm-2">Mediatype:</div> <div class="col-sm-2"> <select name="mediatype_type"> <option value="is" selected="selected">is</option> <option value="not">does not contain</option> </select> </div> <div class="col-sm-7"> <select name="mediatype_query"> <option value="">All mediatypes</option> <option>audio</option> <option>collection</option> <option>data</option> <option>image</option> <option>movies</option> <option>texts</option> <option>web</option> </select> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-1">AND</div> <div class="col-sm-2"> <input class="form-control input-sm" type="text" name="optional_field1" placeholder="Custom field"/> </div> <div class="col-sm-2"> <select name="optional_field1_type"> <option value="is" selected="selected">contains</option> <option value="not">does not contain</option> <option value="greater">is greater than</option> <option value="less">is less than</option> </select> </div> <div class="col-sm-7"><input class="form-control input-sm" type="text" name="optional_field1_q" size="50" /></div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-1">AND</div> <div class="col-sm-2"> <input class="form-control input-sm" type="text" name="optional_field2" placeholder="Custom field"/> </div> <div class="col-sm-2"> <select name="optional_field2_type"> <option value="is" selected="selected">contains</option> <option value="not">does not contain</option> <option value="greater">is greater than</option> <option value="less">is less than</option> </select> </div> <div class="col-sm-7"><input class="form-control input-sm" type="text" name="optional_field2_q" size="50" /></div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-1">AND</div> <div class="col-sm-2"> <input class="form-control input-sm" type="text" name="optional_field3" placeholder="Custom field"/> </div> <div class="col-sm-2"> <select name="optional_field3_type"> <option value="is" selected="selected">contains</option> <option value="not">does not contain</option> <option value="greater">is greater than</option> <option value="less">is less than</option> </select> </div> <div class="col-sm-7"><input class="form-control input-sm" type="text" name="optional_field3_q" size="50" /></div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-1">AND</div> <div class="col-sm-2">Date:</div> <div class="col-sm-7"> <select name="date_year"> <option selected="selected">YYYY</option> <option>2024</option> <option>2023</option> <option>2022</option> <option>2021</option> <option>2020</option> <option>2019</option> <option>2018</option> <option>2017</option> <option>2016</option> <option>2015</option> <option>2014</option> <option>2013</option> <option>2012</option> <option>2011</option> <option>2010</option> <option>2009</option> <option>2008</option> <option>2007</option> <option>2006</option> <option>2005</option> <option>2004</option> <option>2003</option> <option>2002</option> <option>2001</option> <option>2000</option> <option>1999</option> <option>1998</option> <option>1997</option> <option>1996</option> <option>1995</option> <option>1994</option> <option>1993</option> <option>1992</option> <option>1991</option> <option>1990</option> <option>1989</option> <option>1988</option> <option>1987</option> <option>1986</option> <option>1985</option> <option>1984</option> <option>1983</option> <option>1982</option> <option>1981</option> <option>1980</option> <option>1979</option> <option>1978</option> <option>1977</option> <option>1976</option> <option>1975</option> <option>1974</option> <option>1973</option> <option>1972</option> <option>1971</option> <option>1970</option> <option>1969</option> <option>1968</option> <option>1967</option> <option>1966</option> <option>1965</option> <option>1964</option> <option>1963</option> <option>1962</option> <option>1961</option> <option>1960</option> <option>1959</option> <option>1958</option> <option>1957</option> <option>1956</option> <option>1955</option> <option>1954</option> <option>1953</option> <option>1952</option> <option>1951</option> <option>1950</option> <option>1949</option> <option>1948</option> <option>1947</option> <option>1946</option> <option>1945</option> <option>1944</option> <option>1943</option> <option>1942</option> <option>1941</option> <option>1940</option> <option>1939</option> <option>1938</option> <option>1937</option> <option>1936</option> <option>1935</option> <option>1934</option> <option>1933</option> <option>1932</option> <option>1931</option> <option>1930</option> <option>1929</option> <option>1928</option> <option>1927</option> <option>1926</option> <option>1925</option> <option>1924</option> <option>1923</option> <option>1922</option> <option>1921</option> <option>1920</option> <option>1919</option> <option>1918</option> <option>1917</option> <option>1916</option> <option>1915</option> <option>1914</option> <option>1913</option> <option>1912</option> <option>1911</option> <option>1910</option> <option>1909</option> <option>1908</option> <option>1907</option> <option>1906</option> <option>1905</option> <option>1904</option> <option>1903</option> <option>1902</option> <option>1901</option> <option>1900</option> <option>1899</option> <option>1898</option> <option>1897</option> <option>1896</option> <option>1895</option> <option>1894</option> <option>1893</option> <option>1892</option> <option>1891</option> <option>1890</option> <option>1889</option> <option>1888</option> <option>1887</option> <option>1886</option> <option>1885</option> <option>1884</option> <option>1883</option> <option>1882</option> <option>1881</option> <option>1880</option> <option>1879</option> <option>1878</option> <option>1877</option> <option>1876</option> <option>1875</option> <option>1874</option> <option>1873</option> <option>1872</option> <option>1871</option> <option>1870</option> <option>1869</option> <option>1868</option> <option>1867</option> <option>1866</option> <option>1865</option> <option>1864</option> <option>1863</option> <option>1862</option> <option>1861</option> <option>1860</option> <option>1859</option> <option>1858</option> <option>1857</option> <option>1856</option> <option>1855</option> <option>1854</option> <option>1853</option> <option>1852</option> <option>1851</option> <option>1850</option> <option>1849</option> <option>1848</option> <option>1847</option> <option>1846</option> <option>1845</option> <option>1844</option> <option>1843</option> <option>1842</option> <option>1841</option> <option>1840</option> <option>1839</option> <option>1838</option> <option>1837</option> <option>1836</option> <option>1835</option> <option>1834</option> <option>1833</option> <option>1832</option> <option>1831</option> <option>1830</option> <option>1829</option> <option>1828</option> <option>1827</option> <option>1826</option> <option>1825</option> <option>1824</option> <option>1823</option> <option>1822</option> <option>1821</option> <option>1820</option> <option>1819</option> <option>1818</option> <option>1817</option> <option>1816</option> <option>1815</option> <option>1814</option> <option>1813</option> <option>1812</option> <option>1811</option> <option>1810</option> <option>1809</option> <option>1808</option> <option>1807</option> <option>1806</option> <option>1805</option> <option>1804</option> <option>1803</option> <option>1802</option> <option>1801</option> <option>1800</option> </select> <select name="date_month"> <option selected="selected">MM</option> <option>01</option> <option>02</option> <option>03</option> <option>04</option> <option>05</option> <option>06</option> <option>07</option> <option>08</option> <option>09</option> <option>10</option> <option>11</option> <option>12</option> </select> <select name="date_day"> <option selected="selected">DD</option> <option>01</option> <option>02</option> <option>03</option> <option>04</option> <option>05</option> <option>06</option> <option>07</option> <option>08</option> <option>09</option> <option>10</option> <option>11</option> <option>12</option> <option>13</option> <option>14</option> <option>15</option> <option>16</option> <option>17</option> <option>18</option> <option>19</option> <option>20</option> <option>21</option> <option>22</option> <option>23</option> <option>24</option> <option>25</option> <option>26</option> <option>27</option> <option>28</option> <option>29</option> <option>30</option> <option>31</option> </select> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-1">AND</div> <div class="col-sm-2">Date range:</div> <div class="col-sm-7"> <select name="date_from_year"> <option selected="selected">YYYY</option> <option>2024</option> <option>2023</option> <option>2022</option> <option>2021</option> <option>2020</option> <option>2019</option> <option>2018</option> <option>2017</option> <option>2016</option> <option>2015</option> <option>2014</option> <option>2013</option> <option>2012</option> <option>2011</option> <option>2010</option> <option>2009</option> <option>2008</option> <option>2007</option> <option>2006</option> <option>2005</option> <option>2004</option> <option>2003</option> <option>2002</option> <option>2001</option> <option>2000</option> <option>1999</option> <option>1998</option> <option>1997</option> <option>1996</option> <option>1995</option> <option>1994</option> <option>1993</option> <option>1992</option> <option>1991</option> <option>1990</option> <option>1989</option> <option>1988</option> <option>1987</option> <option>1986</option> <option>1985</option> <option>1984</option> <option>1983</option> <option>1982</option> <option>1981</option> <option>1980</option> <option>1979</option> <option>1978</option> <option>1977</option> <option>1976</option> <option>1975</option> <option>1974</option> <option>1973</option> <option>1972</option> <option>1971</option> <option>1970</option> <option>1969</option> <option>1968</option> <option>1967</option> <option>1966</option> <option>1965</option> <option>1964</option> <option>1963</option> <option>1962</option> <option>1961</option> <option>1960</option> <option>1959</option> <option>1958</option> <option>1957</option> <option>1956</option> <option>1955</option> <option>1954</option> <option>1953</option> <option>1952</option> <option>1951</option> <option>1950</option> <option>1949</option> <option>1948</option> <option>1947</option> <option>1946</option> <option>1945</option> <option>1944</option> <option>1943</option> <option>1942</option> <option>1941</option> <option>1940</option> <option>1939</option> <option>1938</option> <option>1937</option> <option>1936</option> <option>1935</option> <option>1934</option> <option>1933</option> <option>1932</option> <option>1931</option> <option>1930</option> <option>1929</option> <option>1928</option> <option>1927</option> <option>1926</option> <option>1925</option> <option>1924</option> <option>1923</option> <option>1922</option> <option>1921</option> <option>1920</option> <option>1919</option> <option>1918</option> <option>1917</option> <option>1916</option> <option>1915</option> <option>1914</option> <option>1913</option> <option>1912</option> <option>1911</option> <option>1910</option> <option>1909</option> <option>1908</option> <option>1907</option> <option>1906</option> <option>1905</option> <option>1904</option> <option>1903</option> <option>1902</option> <option>1901</option> <option>1900</option> <option>1899</option> <option>1898</option> <option>1897</option> <option>1896</option> <option>1895</option> <option>1894</option> <option>1893</option> <option>1892</option> <option>1891</option> <option>1890</option> <option>1889</option> <option>1888</option> <option>1887</option> <option>1886</option> <option>1885</option> <option>1884</option> <option>1883</option> <option>1882</option> <option>1881</option> <option>1880</option> <option>1879</option> <option>1878</option> <option>1877</option> <option>1876</option> <option>1875</option> <option>1874</option> <option>1873</option> <option>1872</option> <option>1871</option> <option>1870</option> <option>1869</option> <option>1868</option> <option>1867</option> <option>1866</option> <option>1865</option> <option>1864</option> <option>1863</option> <option>1862</option> <option>1861</option> <option>1860</option> <option>1859</option> <option>1858</option> <option>1857</option> <option>1856</option> <option>1855</option> <option>1854</option> <option>1853</option> <option>1852</option> <option>1851</option> <option>1850</option> <option>1849</option> <option>1848</option> <option>1847</option> <option>1846</option> <option>1845</option> <option>1844</option> <option>1843</option> <option>1842</option> <option>1841</option> <option>1840</option> <option>1839</option> <option>1838</option> <option>1837</option> <option>1836</option> <option>1835</option> <option>1834</option> <option>1833</option> <option>1832</option> <option>1831</option> <option>1830</option> <option>1829</option> <option>1828</option> <option>1827</option> <option>1826</option> <option>1825</option> <option>1824</option> <option>1823</option> <option>1822</option> <option>1821</option> <option>1820</option> <option>1819</option> <option>1818</option> <option>1817</option> <option>1816</option> <option>1815</option> <option>1814</option> <option>1813</option> <option>1812</option> <option>1811</option> <option>1810</option> <option>1809</option> <option>1808</option> <option>1807</option> <option>1806</option> <option>1805</option> <option>1804</option> <option>1803</option> <option>1802</option> <option>1801</option> <option>1800</option> </select> <select name="date_from_month"> <option selected="selected">MM</option> <option>01</option> <option>02</option> <option>03</option> <option>04</option> <option>05</option> <option>06</option> <option>07</option> <option>08</option> <option>09</option> <option>10</option> <option>11</option> <option>12</option> </select> <select name="date_from_day"> <option selected="selected">DD</option> <option>01</option> <option>02</option> <option>03</option> <option>04</option> <option>05</option> <option>06</option> <option>07</option> <option>08</option> <option>09</option> <option>10</option> <option>11</option> <option>12</option> <option>13</option> <option>14</option> <option>15</option> <option>16</option> <option>17</option> <option>18</option> <option>19</option> <option>20</option> <option>21</option> <option>22</option> <option>23</option> <option>24</option> <option>25</option> <option>26</option> <option>27</option> <option>28</option> <option>29</option> <option>30</option> <option>31</option> </select> TO <select name="date_to_year"> <option selected="selected">YYYY</option> <option>2024</option> <option>2023</option> <option>2022</option> <option>2021</option> <option>2020</option> <option>2019</option> <option>2018</option> <option>2017</option> <option>2016</option> <option>2015</option> <option>2014</option> <option>2013</option> <option>2012</option> <option>2011</option> <option>2010</option> <option>2009</option> <option>2008</option> <option>2007</option> <option>2006</option> <option>2005</option> <option>2004</option> <option>2003</option> <option>2002</option> <option>2001</option> <option>2000</option> <option>1999</option> <option>1998</option> <option>1997</option> <option>1996</option> <option>1995</option> <option>1994</option> <option>1993</option> <option>1992</option> <option>1991</option> <option>1990</option> <option>1989</option> <option>1988</option> <option>1987</option> <option>1986</option> <option>1985</option> <option>1984</option> <option>1983</option> <option>1982</option> <option>1981</option> <option>1980</option> <option>1979</option> <option>1978</option> <option>1977</option> <option>1976</option> <option>1975</option> <option>1974</option> <option>1973</option> <option>1972</option> <option>1971</option> <option>1970</option> <option>1969</option> <option>1968</option> <option>1967</option> <option>1966</option> <option>1965</option> <option>1964</option> <option>1963</option> <option>1962</option> <option>1961</option> <option>1960</option> <option>1959</option> <option>1958</option> <option>1957</option> <option>1956</option> <option>1955</option> <option>1954</option> <option>1953</option> <option>1952</option> <option>1951</option> <option>1950</option> <option>1949</option> <option>1948</option> <option>1947</option> <option>1946</option> <option>1945</option> <option>1944</option> <option>1943</option> <option>1942</option> <option>1941</option> <option>1940</option> <option>1939</option> <option>1938</option> <option>1937</option> <option>1936</option> <option>1935</option> <option>1934</option> <option>1933</option> <option>1932</option> <option>1931</option> <option>1930</option> <option>1929</option> <option>1928</option> <option>1927</option> <option>1926</option> <option>1925</option> <option>1924</option> <option>1923</option> <option>1922</option> <option>1921</option> <option>1920</option> <option>1919</option> <option>1918</option> <option>1917</option> <option>1916</option> <option>1915</option> <option>1914</option> <option>1913</option> <option>1912</option> <option>1911</option> <option>1910</option> <option>1909</option> <option>1908</option> <option>1907</option> <option>1906</option> <option>1905</option> <option>1904</option> <option>1903</option> <option>1902</option> <option>1901</option> <option>1900</option> <option>1899</option> <option>1898</option> <option>1897</option> <option>1896</option> <option>1895</option> <option>1894</option> <option>1893</option> <option>1892</option> <option>1891</option> <option>1890</option> <option>1889</option> <option>1888</option> <option>1887</option> <option>1886</option> <option>1885</option> <option>1884</option> <option>1883</option> <option>1882</option> <option>1881</option> <option>1880</option> <option>1879</option> <option>1878</option> <option>1877</option> <option>1876</option> <option>1875</option> <option>1874</option> <option>1873</option> <option>1872</option> <option>1871</option> <option>1870</option> <option>1869</option> <option>1868</option> <option>1867</option> <option>1866</option> <option>1865</option> <option>1864</option> <option>1863</option> <option>1862</option> <option>1861</option> <option>1860</option> <option>1859</option> <option>1858</option> <option>1857</option> <option>1856</option> <option>1855</option> <option>1854</option> <option>1853</option> <option>1852</option> <option>1851</option> <option>1850</option> <option>1849</option> <option>1848</option> <option>1847</option> <option>1846</option> <option>1845</option> <option>1844</option> <option>1843</option> <option>1842</option> <option>1841</option> <option>1840</option> <option>1839</option> <option>1838</option> <option>1837</option> <option>1836</option> <option>1835</option> <option>1834</option> <option>1833</option> <option>1832</option> <option>1831</option> <option>1830</option> <option>1829</option> <option>1828</option> <option>1827</option> <option>1826</option> <option>1825</option> <option>1824</option> <option>1823</option> <option>1822</option> <option>1821</option> <option>1820</option> <option>1819</option> <option>1818</option> <option>1817</option> <option>1816</option> <option>1815</option> <option>1814</option> <option>1813</option> <option>1812</option> <option>1811</option> <option>1810</option> <option>1809</option> <option>1808</option> <option>1807</option> <option>1806</option> <option>1805</option> <option>1804</option> <option>1803</option> <option>1802</option> <option>1801</option> <option>1800</option> </select> <select name="date_to_month"> <option selected="selected">MM</option> <option>01</option> <option>02</option> <option>03</option> <option>04</option> <option>05</option> <option>06</option> <option>07</option> <option>08</option> <option>09</option> <option>10</option> <option>11</option> <option>12</option> </select> <select name="date_to_day"> <option selected="selected">DD</option> <option>01</option> <option>02</option> <option>03</option> <option>04</option> <option>05</option> <option>06</option> <option>07</option> <option>08</option> <option>09</option> <option>10</option> <option>11</option> <option>12</option> <option>13</option> <option>14</option> <option>15</option> <option>16</option> <option>17</option> <option>18</option> <option>19</option> <option>20</option> <option>21</option> <option>22</option> <option>23</option> <option>24</option> <option>25</option> <option>26</option> <option>27</option> <option>28</option> <option>29</option> <option>30</option> <option>31</option> </select> </div> </div> <center> <input type="hidden" name="submitted" value="true"/> <input class="btn btn-archive" type="submit" value="Search"/> </center> </form> <br/> <br/> <a name="raw"></a> <h1>Advanced Search returning JSON, XML, and more</h1> <form class="js-search-verify_rawform" name="rawform" id="rawform"> This will return results in the format of your choice.<br/> Query: <input size="50" class="form-control input-sm" style="max-width:400px" type="text" name="q" value=""/><br/> <div style="margin-left:75px; float:left;"> Fields to return (pick one or more):<br/> <select multiple="multiple" name="fl[]" size="42"> <option >avg_rating</option> <option >backup_location</option> <option >btih</option> <option >call_number</option> <option >collection</option> <option >contributor</option> <option >coverage</option> <option >creator</option> <option >date</option> <option >description</option> <option >downloads</option> <option >external-identifier</option> <option >foldoutcount</option> <option >format</option> <option >genre</option> <option selected="selected" >identifier</option> <option >imagecount</option> <option >indexflag</option> <option >item_size</option> <option >language</option> <option >licenseurl</option> <option >mediatype</option> <option >members</option> <option >month</option> <option >name</option> <option >noindex</option> <option >num_reviews</option> <option >oai_updatedate</option> <option >publicdate</option> <option >publisher</option> <option >related-external-id</option> <option >reviewdate</option> <option >rights</option> <option >scanningcentre</option> <option >source</option> <option >stripped_tags</option> <option >subject</option> <option >title</option> <option >type</option> <option >volume</option> <option >week</option> <option >year</option> </select> </div> <div style="float:left; text-align:right;"> (optional) Sort results by: <br/> <select style="margin-left:75px;" name="sort[]"> <option></option> <option>identifierSorter desc</option> <option>identifierSorter asc</option> <option>mediatypeSorter desc</option> <option>mediatypeSorter asc</option> <option>creatorSorter desc</option> <option>creatorSorter asc</option> <option>creatorSorterRaw desc</option> <option>creatorSorterRaw asc</option> <option>firstCreator desc</option> <option>firstCreator asc</option> <option>subjectSorter desc</option> <option>subjectSorter asc</option> <option>titleSorter desc</option> <option>titleSorter asc</option> <option>titleSorterRaw desc</option> <option>titleSorterRaw asc</option> <option>firstTitle desc</option> <option>firstTitle asc</option> <option>languageSorter desc</option> <option>languageSorter asc</option> <option>programSorter desc</option> <option>programSorter asc</option> <option>sponsorSorter desc</option> <option>sponsorSorter asc</option> <option>personSorter desc</option> <option>personSorter asc</option> <option>searchCollectionsSorter desc</option> <option>searchCollectionsSorter asc</option> <option>uploaderSorter desc</option> <option>uploaderSorter asc</option> <option>identifier desc</option> <option>identifier asc</option> <option>mediatype desc</option> <option>mediatype asc</option> <option>call_number desc</option> <option>call_number asc</option> <option>licenseurl desc</option> <option>licenseurl asc</option> <option>nonideal desc</option> <option>nonideal asc</option> <option>random desc</option> <option>random asc</option> <option>nav_order desc</option> <option>nav_order asc</option> <option>num_reviews desc</option> <option>num_reviews asc</option> <option>num_favorites desc</option> <option>num_favorites asc</option> <option>imagecount desc</option> <option>imagecount asc</option> <option>foldoutcount desc</option> <option>foldoutcount asc</option> <option>stars desc</option> <option>stars asc</option> <option>item_count desc</option> <option>item_count asc</option> <option>files_count desc</option> <option>files_count asc</option> <option>item_size desc</option> <option>item_size asc</option> <option>collection_size desc</option> <option>collection_size asc</option> <option>collection_files_count desc</option> <option>collection_files_count asc</option> <option>review_count desc</option> <option>review_count asc</option> <option>downloads desc</option> <option>downloads asc</option> <option>week desc</option> <option>week asc</option> <option>month desc</option> <option>month asc</option> <option>downloads_new desc</option> <option>downloads_new asc</option> <option>week_new desc</option> <option>week_new asc</option> <option>month_new desc</option> <option>month_new asc</option> <option>downloads_views_api desc</option> <option>downloads_views_api asc</option> <option>month_views_api desc</option> <option>month_views_api asc</option> <option>week_views_api desc</option> <option>week_views_api asc</option> <option>downloads_classic desc</option> <option>downloads_classic asc</option> <option>week_classic desc</option> <option>week_classic asc</option> <option>month_classic desc</option> <option>month_classic asc</option> <option>boxid_count desc</option> <option>boxid_count asc</option> <option>year desc</option> <option>year asc</option> <option>analytics__field_count desc</option> <option>analytics__field_count asc</option> <option>analytics__doc_size_md desc</option> <option>analytics__doc_size_md asc</option> <option>analytics__doc_size_se desc</option> <option>analytics__doc_size_se asc</option> <option>analytics__features desc</option> <option>analytics__features asc</option> <option>analytics__features__any desc</option> <option>analytics__features__any asc</option> <option>analytics__features__flagged desc</option> <option>analytics__features__flagged asc</option> <option>analytics__features__collection desc</option> <option>analytics__features__collection asc</option> <option>analytics__features__user desc</option> <option>analytics__features__user asc</option> <option>analytics__features__data desc</option> <option>analytics__features__data asc</option> <option>analytics__features__open desc</option> <option>analytics__features__open asc</option> <option>loans__status__max_lendable_copies desc</option> <option>loans__status__max_lendable_copies asc</option> <option>/loans.status.num_waitlist desc</option> <option>/loans.status.num_waitlist asc</option> <option>/loans.status.num_loans desc</option> <option>/loans.status.num_loans asc</option> <option>analytics__made_for_es_version desc</option> <option>analytics__made_for_es_version asc</option> <option>analytics__maketime_elapsed_ms desc</option> <option>analytics__maketime_elapsed_ms asc</option> <option>subject_count desc</option> <option>subject_count asc</option> <option>lending___max_lendable_copies desc</option> <option>lending___max_lendable_copies asc</option> <option>lending___users_on_waitlist desc</option> <option>lending___users_on_waitlist asc</option> <option>lending___copies_reserved_for_waitlist desc</option> <option>lending___copies_reserved_for_waitlist asc</option> <option>lending___active_borrows desc</option> <option>lending___active_borrows asc</option> <option>lending___active_browses desc</option> <option>lending___active_browses asc</option> <option>__sort desc</option> <option>__sort asc</option> <option>__random desc</option> <option>__random asc</option> <option>avg_rating desc</option> <option>avg_rating asc</option> <option>downloads_have_data_views_api desc</option> <option>downloads_have_data_views_api asc</option> <option>trk_coherent desc</option> <option>trk_coherent asc</option> <option>analytics__parsed_date_service_succeeded desc</option> <option>analytics__parsed_date_service_succeeded asc</option> <option>has_items_with_searchable_text desc</option> <option>has_items_with_searchable_text asc</option> <option>lending___available_to_borrow desc</option> <option>lending___available_to_borrow asc</option> <option>lending___available_to_browse desc</option> <option>lending___available_to_browse asc</option> <option>lending___available_to_waitlist desc</option> <option>lending___available_to_waitlist asc</option> <option>lending___is_lendable desc</option> <option>lending___is_lendable asc</option> <option>lending___is_printdisabled desc</option> <option>lending___is_printdisabled asc</option> <option>lending___is_borrowable desc</option> <option>lending___is_borrowable asc</option> <option>lending___is_browsable desc</option> <option>lending___is_browsable asc</option> <option>lending___is_readable desc</option> <option>lending___is_readable asc</option> <option>addeddate desc</option> <option>addeddate asc</option> <option>createdate desc</option> <option>createdate asc</option> <option>date desc</option> <option>date asc</option> <option>indexdate desc</option> <option>indexdate asc</option> <option>oai_updatedate desc</option> <option>oai_updatedate asc</option> <option>publicdate desc</option> <option>publicdate asc</option> <option>reviewdate desc</option> <option>reviewdate asc</option> <option>ribbon_state_modify_date desc</option> <option>ribbon_state_modify_date asc</option> <option>updatedate desc</option> <option>updatedate asc</option> <option>/loans.status.last_loan_date desc</option> <option>/loans.status.last_loan_date asc</option> <option>/loans.status.last_waitlist_date desc</option> <option>/loans.status.last_waitlist_date asc</option> <option>analytics__maketime desc</option> <option>analytics__maketime asc</option> <option>external_metadata_update desc</option> <option>external_metadata_update asc</option> <option>downloads_update_date_views_api desc</option> <option>downloads_update_date_views_api asc</option> <option>date_range_end desc</option> <option>date_range_end asc</option> <option>date_created_range_end desc</option> <option>date_created_range_end asc</option> <option>date_last_flagged desc</option> <option>date_last_flagged asc</option> <option>date_last_flagged_porn desc</option> <option>date_last_flagged_porn asc</option> <option>date_last_flagged_violence desc</option> <option>date_last_flagged_violence asc</option> <option>date_last_flagged_bad_data desc</option> <option>date_last_flagged_bad_data asc</option> <option>date_last_flagged_scam desc</option> <option>date_last_flagged_scam asc</option> <option>date_last_flagged_disinformation desc</option> <option>date_last_flagged_disinformation asc</option> <option>date_last_flagged_hate_speech desc</option> <option>date_last_flagged_hate_speech asc</option> <option>date_last_flagged_spam desc</option> <option>date_last_flagged_spam asc</option> <option>date_last_flagged_bad_metadata desc</option> <option>date_last_flagged_bad_metadata asc</option> <option>lending___last_borrow desc</option> <option>lending___last_borrow asc</option> <option>lending___last_browse desc</option> <option>lending___last_browse asc</option> <option>lending___borrow_expiration desc</option> <option>lending___borrow_expiration asc</option> <option>lending___browse_expiration desc</option> <option>lending___browse_expiration asc</option> <option>lending___state_change desc</option> <option>lending___state_change asc</option> <option>lending___status_timestamp desc</option> <option>lending___status_timestamp asc</option> <option>lending___expire_date desc</option> <option>lending___expire_date asc</option> </select> <br/> <select style="margin-left:75px;" name="sort[]"> <option></option> <option>identifierSorter desc</option> <option>identifierSorter asc</option> <option>mediatypeSorter desc</option> <option>mediatypeSorter asc</option> <option>creatorSorter desc</option> <option>creatorSorter asc</option> <option>creatorSorterRaw desc</option> <option>creatorSorterRaw asc</option> <option>firstCreator desc</option> <option>firstCreator asc</option> <option>subjectSorter desc</option> <option>subjectSorter asc</option> <option>titleSorter desc</option> <option>titleSorter asc</option> <option>titleSorterRaw desc</option> <option>titleSorterRaw asc</option> <option>firstTitle desc</option> <option>firstTitle asc</option> <option>languageSorter desc</option> <option>languageSorter asc</option> <option>programSorter desc</option> <option>programSorter asc</option> <option>sponsorSorter desc</option> <option>sponsorSorter asc</option> <option>personSorter desc</option> <option>personSorter asc</option> <option>searchCollectionsSorter desc</option> <option>searchCollectionsSorter asc</option> <option>uploaderSorter desc</option> <option>uploaderSorter asc</option> <option>identifier desc</option> <option>identifier asc</option> <option>mediatype desc</option> <option>mediatype asc</option> <option>call_number desc</option> <option>call_number asc</option> <option>licenseurl desc</option> <option>licenseurl asc</option> <option>nonideal desc</option> <option>nonideal asc</option> <option>random desc</option> <option>random asc</option> <option>nav_order desc</option> <option>nav_order asc</option> <option>num_reviews desc</option> <option>num_reviews asc</option> <option>num_favorites desc</option> <option>num_favorites asc</option> <option>imagecount desc</option> <option>imagecount asc</option> <option>foldoutcount desc</option> <option>foldoutcount asc</option> <option>stars desc</option> <option>stars asc</option> <option>item_count desc</option> <option>item_count asc</option> <option>files_count desc</option> <option>files_count asc</option> <option>item_size desc</option> <option>item_size asc</option> <option>collection_size desc</option> <option>collection_size asc</option> <option>collection_files_count desc</option> <option>collection_files_count asc</option> <option>review_count desc</option> <option>review_count asc</option> <option>downloads desc</option> <option>downloads asc</option> <option>week desc</option> <option>week asc</option> <option>month desc</option> <option>month asc</option> <option>downloads_new desc</option> <option>downloads_new asc</option> <option>week_new desc</option> <option>week_new asc</option> <option>month_new desc</option> <option>month_new asc</option> <option>downloads_views_api desc</option> <option>downloads_views_api asc</option> <option>month_views_api desc</option> <option>month_views_api asc</option> <option>week_views_api desc</option> <option>week_views_api asc</option> <option>downloads_classic desc</option> <option>downloads_classic asc</option> <option>week_classic desc</option> <option>week_classic asc</option> <option>month_classic desc</option> <option>month_classic asc</option> <option>boxid_count desc</option> <option>boxid_count asc</option> <option>year desc</option> <option>year asc</option> <option>analytics__field_count desc</option> <option>analytics__field_count asc</option> <option>analytics__doc_size_md desc</option> <option>analytics__doc_size_md asc</option> <option>analytics__doc_size_se desc</option> <option>analytics__doc_size_se asc</option> <option>analytics__features desc</option> <option>analytics__features asc</option> <option>analytics__features__any desc</option> <option>analytics__features__any asc</option> <option>analytics__features__flagged desc</option> <option>analytics__features__flagged asc</option> <option>analytics__features__collection desc</option> <option>analytics__features__collection asc</option> <option>analytics__features__user desc</option> <option>analytics__features__user asc</option> <option>analytics__features__data desc</option> <option>analytics__features__data asc</option> <option>analytics__features__open desc</option> <option>analytics__features__open asc</option> <option>loans__status__max_lendable_copies desc</option> <option>loans__status__max_lendable_copies asc</option> <option>/loans.status.num_waitlist desc</option> <option>/loans.status.num_waitlist asc</option> <option>/loans.status.num_loans desc</option> <option>/loans.status.num_loans asc</option> <option>analytics__made_for_es_version desc</option> <option>analytics__made_for_es_version asc</option> <option>analytics__maketime_elapsed_ms desc</option> <option>analytics__maketime_elapsed_ms asc</option> <option>subject_count desc</option> <option>subject_count asc</option> <option>lending___max_lendable_copies desc</option> <option>lending___max_lendable_copies asc</option> <option>lending___users_on_waitlist desc</option> <option>lending___users_on_waitlist asc</option> <option>lending___copies_reserved_for_waitlist desc</option> <option>lending___copies_reserved_for_waitlist asc</option> <option>lending___active_borrows desc</option> <option>lending___active_borrows asc</option> <option>lending___active_browses desc</option> <option>lending___active_browses asc</option> <option>__sort desc</option> <option>__sort asc</option> <option>__random desc</option> <option>__random asc</option> <option>avg_rating desc</option> <option>avg_rating asc</option> <option>downloads_have_data_views_api desc</option> <option>downloads_have_data_views_api asc</option> <option>trk_coherent desc</option> <option>trk_coherent asc</option> <option>analytics__parsed_date_service_succeeded desc</option> <option>analytics__parsed_date_service_succeeded asc</option> <option>has_items_with_searchable_text desc</option> <option>has_items_with_searchable_text asc</option> <option>lending___available_to_borrow desc</option> <option>lending___available_to_borrow asc</option> <option>lending___available_to_browse desc</option> <option>lending___available_to_browse asc</option> <option>lending___available_to_waitlist desc</option> <option>lending___available_to_waitlist asc</option> <option>lending___is_lendable desc</option> <option>lending___is_lendable asc</option> <option>lending___is_printdisabled desc</option> <option>lending___is_printdisabled asc</option> <option>lending___is_borrowable desc</option> <option>lending___is_borrowable asc</option> <option>lending___is_browsable desc</option> <option>lending___is_browsable asc</option> <option>lending___is_readable desc</option> <option>lending___is_readable asc</option> <option>addeddate desc</option> <option>addeddate asc</option> <option>createdate desc</option> <option>createdate asc</option> <option>date desc</option> <option>date asc</option> <option>indexdate desc</option> <option>indexdate asc</option> <option>oai_updatedate desc</option> <option>oai_updatedate asc</option> <option>publicdate desc</option> <option>publicdate asc</option> <option>reviewdate desc</option> <option>reviewdate asc</option> <option>ribbon_state_modify_date desc</option> <option>ribbon_state_modify_date asc</option> <option>updatedate desc</option> <option>updatedate asc</option> <option>/loans.status.last_loan_date desc</option> <option>/loans.status.last_loan_date asc</option> <option>/loans.status.last_waitlist_date desc</option> <option>/loans.status.last_waitlist_date asc</option> <option>analytics__maketime desc</option> <option>analytics__maketime asc</option> <option>external_metadata_update desc</option> <option>external_metadata_update asc</option> <option>downloads_update_date_views_api desc</option> <option>downloads_update_date_views_api asc</option> <option>date_range_end desc</option> <option>date_range_end asc</option> <option>date_created_range_end desc</option> <option>date_created_range_end asc</option> <option>date_last_flagged desc</option> <option>date_last_flagged asc</option> <option>date_last_flagged_porn desc</option> <option>date_last_flagged_porn asc</option> <option>date_last_flagged_violence desc</option> <option>date_last_flagged_violence asc</option> <option>date_last_flagged_bad_data desc</option> <option>date_last_flagged_bad_data asc</option> <option>date_last_flagged_scam desc</option> <option>date_last_flagged_scam asc</option> <option>date_last_flagged_disinformation desc</option> <option>date_last_flagged_disinformation asc</option> <option>date_last_flagged_hate_speech desc</option> <option>date_last_flagged_hate_speech asc</option> <option>date_last_flagged_spam desc</option> <option>date_last_flagged_spam asc</option> <option>date_last_flagged_bad_metadata desc</option> <option>date_last_flagged_bad_metadata asc</option> <option>lending___last_borrow desc</option> <option>lending___last_borrow asc</option> <option>lending___last_browse desc</option> <option>lending___last_browse asc</option> <option>lending___borrow_expiration desc</option> <option>lending___borrow_expiration asc</option> <option>lending___browse_expiration desc</option> <option>lending___browse_expiration asc</option> <option>lending___state_change desc</option> <option>lending___state_change asc</option> <option>lending___status_timestamp desc</option> <option>lending___status_timestamp asc</option> <option>lending___expire_date desc</option> <option>lending___expire_date asc</option> </select> <br/> <select style="margin-left:75px;" name="sort[]"> <option></option> <option>identifierSorter desc</option> <option>identifierSorter asc</option> <option>mediatypeSorter desc</option> <option>mediatypeSorter asc</option> <option>creatorSorter desc</option> <option>creatorSorter asc</option> <option>creatorSorterRaw desc</option> <option>creatorSorterRaw asc</option> <option>firstCreator desc</option> <option>firstCreator asc</option> <option>subjectSorter desc</option> <option>subjectSorter asc</option> <option>titleSorter desc</option> <option>titleSorter asc</option> <option>titleSorterRaw desc</option> <option>titleSorterRaw asc</option> <option>firstTitle desc</option> <option>firstTitle asc</option> <option>languageSorter desc</option> <option>languageSorter asc</option> <option>programSorter desc</option> <option>programSorter asc</option> <option>sponsorSorter desc</option> <option>sponsorSorter asc</option> <option>personSorter desc</option> <option>personSorter asc</option> <option>searchCollectionsSorter desc</option> <option>searchCollectionsSorter asc</option> <option>uploaderSorter desc</option> <option>uploaderSorter asc</option> <option>identifier desc</option> <option>identifier asc</option> <option>mediatype desc</option> <option>mediatype asc</option> <option>call_number desc</option> <option>call_number asc</option> <option>licenseurl desc</option> <option>licenseurl asc</option> <option>nonideal desc</option> <option>nonideal asc</option> <option>random desc</option> <option>random asc</option> <option>nav_order desc</option> <option>nav_order asc</option> <option>num_reviews desc</option> <option>num_reviews asc</option> <option>num_favorites desc</option> <option>num_favorites asc</option> <option>imagecount desc</option> <option>imagecount asc</option> <option>foldoutcount desc</option> <option>foldoutcount asc</option> <option>stars desc</option> <option>stars asc</option> <option>item_count desc</option> <option>item_count asc</option> <option>files_count desc</option> <option>files_count asc</option> <option>item_size desc</option> <option>item_size asc</option> <option>collection_size desc</option> <option>collection_size asc</option> <option>collection_files_count desc</option> <option>collection_files_count asc</option> <option>review_count desc</option> <option>review_count asc</option> <option>downloads desc</option> <option>downloads asc</option> <option>week desc</option> <option>week asc</option> <option>month desc</option> <option>month asc</option> <option>downloads_new desc</option> <option>downloads_new asc</option> <option>week_new desc</option> <option>week_new asc</option> <option>month_new desc</option> <option>month_new asc</option> <option>downloads_views_api desc</option> <option>downloads_views_api asc</option> <option>month_views_api desc</option> <option>month_views_api asc</option> <option>week_views_api desc</option> <option>week_views_api asc</option> <option>downloads_classic desc</option> <option>downloads_classic asc</option> <option>week_classic desc</option> <option>week_classic asc</option> <option>month_classic desc</option> <option>month_classic asc</option> <option>boxid_count desc</option> <option>boxid_count asc</option> <option>year desc</option> <option>year asc</option> <option>analytics__field_count desc</option> <option>analytics__field_count asc</option> <option>analytics__doc_size_md desc</option> <option>analytics__doc_size_md asc</option> <option>analytics__doc_size_se desc</option> <option>analytics__doc_size_se asc</option> <option>analytics__features desc</option> <option>analytics__features asc</option> <option>analytics__features__any desc</option> <option>analytics__features__any asc</option> <option>analytics__features__flagged desc</option> <option>analytics__features__flagged asc</option> <option>analytics__features__collection desc</option> <option>analytics__features__collection asc</option> <option>analytics__features__user desc</option> <option>analytics__features__user asc</option> <option>analytics__features__data desc</option> <option>analytics__features__data asc</option> <option>analytics__features__open desc</option> <option>analytics__features__open asc</option> <option>loans__status__max_lendable_copies desc</option> <option>loans__status__max_lendable_copies asc</option> <option>/loans.status.num_waitlist desc</option> <option>/loans.status.num_waitlist asc</option> <option>/loans.status.num_loans desc</option> <option>/loans.status.num_loans asc</option> <option>analytics__made_for_es_version desc</option> <option>analytics__made_for_es_version asc</option> <option>analytics__maketime_elapsed_ms desc</option> <option>analytics__maketime_elapsed_ms asc</option> <option>subject_count desc</option> <option>subject_count asc</option> <option>lending___max_lendable_copies desc</option> <option>lending___max_lendable_copies asc</option> <option>lending___users_on_waitlist desc</option> <option>lending___users_on_waitlist asc</option> <option>lending___copies_reserved_for_waitlist desc</option> <option>lending___copies_reserved_for_waitlist asc</option> <option>lending___active_borrows desc</option> <option>lending___active_borrows asc</option> <option>lending___active_browses desc</option> <option>lending___active_browses asc</option> <option>__sort desc</option> <option>__sort asc</option> <option>__random desc</option> <option>__random asc</option> <option>avg_rating desc</option> <option>avg_rating asc</option> <option>downloads_have_data_views_api desc</option> <option>downloads_have_data_views_api asc</option> <option>trk_coherent desc</option> <option>trk_coherent asc</option> <option>analytics__parsed_date_service_succeeded desc</option> <option>analytics__parsed_date_service_succeeded asc</option> <option>has_items_with_searchable_text desc</option> <option>has_items_with_searchable_text asc</option> <option>lending___available_to_borrow desc</option> <option>lending___available_to_borrow asc</option> <option>lending___available_to_browse desc</option> <option>lending___available_to_browse asc</option> <option>lending___available_to_waitlist desc</option> <option>lending___available_to_waitlist asc</option> <option>lending___is_lendable desc</option> <option>lending___is_lendable asc</option> <option>lending___is_printdisabled desc</option> <option>lending___is_printdisabled asc</option> <option>lending___is_borrowable desc</option> <option>lending___is_borrowable asc</option> <option>lending___is_browsable desc</option> <option>lending___is_browsable asc</option> <option>lending___is_readable desc</option> <option>lending___is_readable asc</option> <option>addeddate desc</option> <option>addeddate asc</option> <option>createdate desc</option> <option>createdate asc</option> <option>date desc</option> <option>date asc</option> <option>indexdate desc</option> <option>indexdate asc</option> <option>oai_updatedate desc</option> <option>oai_updatedate asc</option> <option>publicdate desc</option> <option>publicdate asc</option> <option>reviewdate desc</option> <option>reviewdate asc</option> <option>ribbon_state_modify_date desc</option> <option>ribbon_state_modify_date asc</option> <option>updatedate desc</option> <option>updatedate asc</option> <option>/loans.status.last_loan_date desc</option> <option>/loans.status.last_loan_date asc</option> <option>/loans.status.last_waitlist_date desc</option> <option>/loans.status.last_waitlist_date asc</option> <option>analytics__maketime desc</option> <option>analytics__maketime asc</option> <option>external_metadata_update desc</option> <option>external_metadata_update asc</option> <option>downloads_update_date_views_api desc</option> <option>downloads_update_date_views_api asc</option> <option>date_range_end desc</option> <option>date_range_end asc</option> <option>date_created_range_end desc</option> <option>date_created_range_end asc</option> <option>date_last_flagged desc</option> <option>date_last_flagged asc</option> <option>date_last_flagged_porn desc</option> <option>date_last_flagged_porn asc</option> <option>date_last_flagged_violence desc</option> <option>date_last_flagged_violence asc</option> <option>date_last_flagged_bad_data desc</option> <option>date_last_flagged_bad_data asc</option> <option>date_last_flagged_scam desc</option> <option>date_last_flagged_scam asc</option> <option>date_last_flagged_disinformation desc</option> <option>date_last_flagged_disinformation asc</option> <option>date_last_flagged_hate_speech desc</option> <option>date_last_flagged_hate_speech asc</option> <option>date_last_flagged_spam desc</option> <option>date_last_flagged_spam asc</option> <option>date_last_flagged_bad_metadata desc</option> <option>date_last_flagged_bad_metadata asc</option> <option>lending___last_borrow desc</option> <option>lending___last_borrow asc</option> <option>lending___last_browse desc</option> <option>lending___last_browse asc</option> <option>lending___borrow_expiration desc</option> <option>lending___borrow_expiration asc</option> <option>lending___browse_expiration desc</option> <option>lending___browse_expiration asc</option> <option>lending___state_change desc</option> <option>lending___state_change asc</option> <option>lending___status_timestamp desc</option> <option>lending___status_timestamp asc</option> <option>lending___expire_date desc</option> <option>lending___expire_date asc</option> </select> <br/> <br/> <br/> Number of results:<br/> <input id="numresults" class="form-control input-sm pull-right" style="width:50px;" type="text" name="rows" size="7" maxlength="7" value="50"/> <br clear="right"/> <span>Page:<br/> <input style="width:50px;" size="3" class="form-control input-sm pull-right" type="text" name="page" value="1"/> </span> <br clear="right"/> <br/> <table class="table table-striped table-condensed table-hover table-bordered" border="1"> <tr> <td> JSON format: </td> <td> <input type="radio" name="output" value="json" checked="checked"/> <input type="hidden" name="callback" value="callback"/> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> XML format:<br/> save to file: <input type="checkbox" name="save" value="yes" checked="checked" /> </td> <td> <input type="radio" name="output" value="xml" /> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> HTML table: </td> <td> <input type="radio" name="output" value="tables" /> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> CSV format:<br/> <a style="text-decoration:italic; font-size:80%; margin-right:20px;" href="/about/javascript-required.htm" class="js-search-csv-help">(show/hide help)</a> </td> <td> <input type="radio" name="output" value="csv" id="csvpick" /> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> RSS format:<br/> <small>("Fields to return" ignored)</small> </td> <td> <input type="radio" name="output" value="rss" /> </td> </tr> </table> <br/> <input class="btn btn-archive" type="submit" value="Search"/><br/> <br/> </div> <br clear="both"/> <h2>Help with CSV and Excel <a style="font-size:80%" href="/about/javascript-required.htm" class="js-search-csv-help">(show/hide help)</a> </h2> <b>Instructions for using the advanced search engine to create reports for items pertaining to books...</b> <div style="display:none;" id="csvhelp"> <p> If a contributing library wished to see how many pages were digitized in the month of August 2008, here is how this would be done. </p> go to archive.org<br/> click on Go!<br/> click on "advanced search"<br/> look half way down the page to the "advanced XML Search" window.<br/> Type into the "Query" field- "contributor:(library of congress) AND publicdate:[2008-08-01 TO 2008-08-30]"<br/> <h4>Important:</h4> <ul> <li>No " " required. Must have "()" around contributor name.</li> <li>No spaces after ":" </li> </ul> By holding down the "Shift" Key, highlight the fields you want to eventually have exported to excel. For example- "date, identifier, imagecount and title"<br/> Click the radio button for "CSV"<br/> Hit "search". There might be a small delay as the search is executed. In this query, approx. 2143 results will be returned.<br/> When prompted, save the ".csv" file to your hard drive and note the location saved.<br/> Open Excel and open the previously saved ".csv" file. It will parse the data into columns and you now will be able to sort, sum, or otherwise manipulate the data.<br/> </div> <h2>Notes</h2> <ul> <li> You can try constructing a search query and hitting "Search" in the top "Advanced Search" section and then coming "back" to this section to copy that query into the "Query:" box. </li> <li>"downloads" is the number of downloads for content in an item</li> <li>"month" is the number of downloads in the last 30 days </li> <li>"week" is the number of downloads in the last 7 days</li> <li>We have a <b>known bug</b> in our site <b>with using " TO " in things like titles/descriptions</b>. If you run into a problem and need to use " TO ", use it lowercase and you will avoid this bug. </li> </ul> <h2>Dates and ranges</h2> The following dates can be used for range queries: <ul> <li>addeddate</li><li>createdate</li><li>date</li><li>indexdate</li><li>publicdate</li><li>reviewdate</li><li>ribbon_state_modify_date</li><li>updatedate</li> </ul> The special date field, "oai_updatedate", can be used to mean all of the following dates combined: <ul> <li>addeddate</li><li>indexdate</li><li>publicdate</li><li>reviewdate</li><li>updatedate</li> </ul> The rationale for "oai_updatedate" date merging is to allow something like the <a href="http://www.openarchives.org/">Open Archives Initiative</a> protocol get time-sortable lists of updated or added items. <ul> <li>addededate -- should be time the item was initially added to archive</li> <li>indexdate -- should be last time item had a change that updated our search engine</li> <li> publicdate -- should be, for *most* items, the time after its first derive is done (ie: has "public formats" for a /details/ page) </li> <li> reviewdate -- updated to be the most recent time of all reviews (updated on new reviews and review changes) </li> <li>updatedate -- mostly the time of the last /editxml/ page submit for an item</li> </ul> <br/><br/> Example date ranges: <code>updatedate:[2007 TO 2008]</code> <code>createdate:[2007-02-01 TO 2007-02-11]</code> <br/><br/> For dates like "sponsordate" that are not able to do ranges, they can still use * wildcards, for example: <code>sponsordate:200802*</code><br/> <h2>Example queries</h2> <code> <a href="/advancedsearch.php?q=publicdate:[2008-02-01 TO 2008-03-01] AND contributor:smithsonian#raw">publicdate:[2008-02-01 TO 2008-03-01] AND contributor:smithsonian</a> </code> <code> <a href="/advancedsearch.php?q=sponsordate:200802* AND mediatype:texts#raw">sponsordate:200802* AND mediatype:texts</a> </code> <code> <a href="/advancedsearch.php?q=indexdate:[2008-02-01T00:12:00Z TO 2008-03-01T00:23:59Z]#raw">indexdate:[2008-02-01T00:12:00Z TO 2008-03-01T00:23:59Z]</a> </code> </form>  <h1>Explanation of Terms, Operators, Queries, and Grouping</h1> <b>Here, you will find an explanation on how the syntax to the search engine works.</b> <br/><br/> Our site uses a query syntax like the <a href="https://lucene.apache.org/core/2_9_4/queryparsersyntax.html">lucene query syntax</a> from the <b>Apache Lucene</b> opensource search engine. A briefer explanation of the syntax follows.<br/><br/> <b>Terms:</b><br/> The search engine supports two types of terms, single terms and phrases.<br/> A single term is a single word such as "test" or "hello".<br/> A phrase is a group of words such as "duck and cover". <br/><br/><b>Field Specific queries:</b><br/> If you want to restrict your search to a specific part of the metadata, you can append in front the term a Field Shortcut, such as: <br/>   <input readonly="readonly" size="25" value='title:"Duck and Cover"'><br/> will look for "Duck and Cover" only in the title of the items. For more information on Field Shortcuts, see section about Field Shortcuts Expansion<br/> NOTE: searching in only a restricted set is better than using the default set for two reasons: <ol> <li> its much faster</li> <li> the results are much more relevant</li> </ol> <br/><b>Boolean Operators:</b><br/> By default, the operator is AND, which means that the query: <br/>  <input readonly="readonly" size="25" value="test hello"><br/> is exactly similar to test AND hello, which means that documents containing the term "test" AND the term "hello" will be returned.<br/> The query: <br/>  <input readonly="readonly" size="25" value="test OR hello"><br/> will return documents either containing the term "test" OR the term "hello". The query: <br/>  <input readonly="readonly" size="25" value="test AND NOT hello"><br/> will return documents that contain the term "test" but not the term "hello" NOTE: using the NOT operator, be sure to supply at least one term without the NOT, or search will fail (the query NOT test is not valid). <br/><br/><b>Range Queries:</b><br/> range queries allow you to search for documents whose field match values in between two bounds, for example: <br/>  <input readonly="readonly" size="25" value="downloads:[1000 TO 2000]"><br/> will return items whose download count is between 1000 and 2000. using [] will include the bounds in the search, and () will exclude the bounds from the search If you dont want to specify a bound, you can use the special keyword "null": <br/>  <input readonly="readonly" size="25" value="downloads:[10000 TO null]"><br/> will search for items with more that 10000 downloads. <br/><br/><b>Grouping:</b><br/> The search engine supports using parentheses to group clauses to form subqueries, for example: <br/>  <input readonly="readonly" size="25" value="(cat OR dog) AND furry"><br/> you can also use this feature within a field: <br/>  <input readonly="readonly" size="25" value="title:(dog OR cat)"><br/> <br/><b>Fuzzy Queries:</b><br/> If you are not sure how to spell a word you can ask the search engine to try to figure it out for you. To do this, append a ~ after the term to apply it on, for example: <br/>  <input readonly="readonly" size="25" value="buttonwood~"> <br/> will find the words buttonwood, as well as cottonwood and buttonware. NOTE: this query involves a lot of computing, so use it wisely and expect to wait a little for results to come in! <br/>   <br/>   </div> </main> </div>  <script nonce="**CSP_NONCE**" > if (typeof archive_analytics !== 'undefined') { archive_analytics.send_pageview_on_load(archive_analytics); archive_analytics.process_url_events(location); var vs = archive_analytics.get_data_packets(); for (var i in vs) { if (!vs[i]) { vs[i] = {}; } vs[i]['cache_bust']=Math.random(); vs[i]['server_ms']=25; vs[i]['server_name']="www11.us.archive.org"; } if (document.querySelectorAll('.more_search').length) { archive_analytics.send_scroll_fetch_base_event(); } } </script> <img src="//athena.archive.org/0.gif?kind=track_js&track_js_case=control&cache_bust=482347439" alt="" /> <noscript> <img src="//athena.archive.org/0.gif?kind=track_js&track_js_case=disabled&cache_bust=415096574" /> </noscript> <script nonce="**CSP_NONCE**" > document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function() { if (typeof archive_analytics !== 'undefined') archive_analytics.create_tracking_image('in_page_executes'); }); </script> </div> </body> </html>

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Internet Archive: Search Engine